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Kuan JW, Su AT, Sim SP, Tay SP. Higher prevalence of harbouring BCR::ABL1 in first-degree relatives of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients compared to normal population. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:734. [PMID: 38877512 PMCID: PMC11179337 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of familial influence in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) occurrence is less defined. Previously, we conducted a study to determine the prevalence of harbouring BCR::ABL1 in our local adult normal population (designated as StudyN). We present our current study, which investigated the prevalence of harbouring BCR::ABL1 in the normal first-degree relatives of local CML patients (designated as StudyR). We compared and discussed the prevalence of StudyR and StudyN to assess the familial influence in CML occurrence. METHODS StudyR was a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling, recruiting first-degree relatives of local CML patients aged ≥ 18 years old without a history of haematological tumour. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction standardised at the International Scale (BCR::ABL1-qPCRIS) was performed according to standard laboratory practice and the manufacturer's protocol. RESULTS A total of 96 first-degree relatives from 41 families, with a mean age of 39 and a male-to-female ratio of 0.88, were enrolled and analysed. The median number of relatives per family was 2 (range 1 to 5). Among them, 18 (19%) were parents, 39 (41%) were siblings, and 39 (41%) were offspring of the CML patients. StudyR revealed that the prevalence of harbouring BCR::ABL1 in the first-degree relatives was 4% (4/96), which was higher than the prevalence in the local normal population from StudyN, 0.5% (1/190). All four positive relatives were Chinese, with three of them being female (p > 0.05). Their mean age was 39, compared to 45 in StudyN. The BCR::ABL1-qPCRIS levels ranged between 0.0017%IS and 0.0071%IS, similar to StudyN (0.0023%IS to 0.0032%IS) and another study (0.006%IS to 0.016%IS). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the prevalence of harbouring BCR::ABL1 in the first-degree relatives of known CML patients was higher than the prevalence observed in the normal population. This suggests that familial influence in CML occurrence might exist but could be surpassed by other more dominant influences, such as genetic dilutional effects and protective genetic factors. The gender and ethnic association were inconsistent with CML epidemiology, suggestive of a higher familial influence in female and Chinese. Further investigation into this topic is warranted, ideally through larger studies with longer follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jew Win Kuan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FMHS), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, 94300, Malaysia.
| | - Anselm Ting Su
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, FMHS, UNIMAS, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Sai-Peng Sim
- Department of Para-Clinical Sciences, FMHS, UNIMAS, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Siow Phing Tay
- Department of Pathology, FMHS, UNIMAS, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Vincent MJ, Fitch S, Bylsma L, Thompson C, Rogers S, Britt J, Wikoff D. Assessment of associations between inhaled formaldehyde and lymphohematopoietic cancer through the integration of epidemiological and toxicological evidence with biological plausibility. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:172-193. [PMID: 38547404 PMCID: PMC11131035 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde is recognized as carcinogenic for the portal of entry sites, though conclusions are mixed regarding lymphohematopoietic (LHP) cancers. This systematic review assesses the likelihood of a causal relationship between formaldehyde and LHP cancers by integrating components recommended by NASEM. Four experimental rodent bioassays and 16 observational studies in humans were included following the implementation of the a priori protocol. All studies were assessed for risk of bias (RoB), and meta-analyses were conducted on epidemiological studies, followed by a structured assessment of causation based on GRADE and Bradford Hill. RoB analysis identified systemic limitations precluding confidence in the epidemiological evidence due to inadequate characterization of formaldehyde exposure and a failure to adequately adjust for confounders or effect modifiers, thus suggesting that effect estimates are likely to be impacted by systemic bias. Mixed findings were reported in individual studies; meta-analyses did not identify significant associations between formaldehyde inhalation (when measured as ever/never exposure) and LHP outcomes, with meta-SMRs ranging from 0.50 to 1.51, depending on LHP subtype. No associations with LHP-related lesions were reported in reliable animal bioassays. No biologically plausible explanation linking the inhalation of FA and LHP was identified, supported primarily by the lack of systemic distribution and in vivo genotoxicity. In conclusion, the inconsistent associations reported in a subset of the evidence were not considered causal when integrated with the totality of the epidemiological evidence, toxicological data, and considerations of biological plausibility. The impact of systemic biases identified herein could be quantitatively assessed to better inform causality and use in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seneca Fitch
- ToxStrategies, LLC, Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
| | - Lauren Bylsma
- EpidStrategies, a Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas 77494, United States
| | - Chad Thompson
- ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas 77494, United States
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ToxStrategies, LLC, Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
| | - Janice Britt
- ToxStrategies, LLC, Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
| | - Daniele Wikoff
- ToxStrategies, LLC, Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
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3
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Taj T, Chen J, Rodopoulou S, Strak M, de Hoogh K, Poulsen AH, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Zitt E, Fecht D, Forastiere F, Gulliver J, Hertel O, Hoffmann B, Hvidtfeldt UA, Jørgensen JT, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Lager A, Leander K, Liu S, Ljungman P, Severi G, Besson C, Magnusson PKE, Nagel G, Pershagen G, Peters A, Rizzuto D, Samoli E, Sørensen M, Stafoggia M, Tjønneland A, Weinmayr G, Wolf K, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of leukemia and lymphoma in a pooled European cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123097. [PMID: 38065336 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma are the two most common forms of hematologic malignancy, and their etiology is largely unknown. Pathophysiological mechanisms suggest a possible association with air pollution, but little empirical evidence is available. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term residential exposure to outdoor air pollution and risk of leukemia and lymphoma. We pooled data from four cohorts from three European countries as part of the "Effects of Low-level Air Pollution: a Study in Europe" (ELAPSE) collaboration. We used Europe-wide land use regression models to assess annual mean concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC) and ozone (O3) at residences. We also estimated concentrations of PM2.5 elemental components: copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn); sulfur (S); nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), silicon (Si) and potassium (K). We applied Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the associations. Among the study population of 247,436 individuals, 760 leukemia and 1122 lymphoma cases were diagnosed during 4,656,140 person-years of follow-up. The results showed a leukemia hazard ratio (HR) of 1.13 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.01-1.26) per 10 μg/m3 NO2, which was robust in two-pollutant models and consistent across the four cohorts and according to smoking status. Sex-specific analyses suggested that this association was confined to the male population. Further, the results showed increased lymphoma HRs for PM2.5 (HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02-1.34) and potassium content of PM2.5, which were consistent in two-pollutant models and according to sex. Our results suggest that air pollution at the residence may be associated with adult leukemia and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Taj
- Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Zorana J Andersen
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability & School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | - Ole Hertel
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | - Jeanette T Jørgensen
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Anton Lager
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Shuo Liu
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gianluca Severi
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Caroline Besson
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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The Global Burden of Leukemia and Its Attributable Factors in 204 Countries and Territories: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study and Projections to 2030. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1612702. [PMID: 35509847 PMCID: PMC9061017 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1612702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background. Leukemia is a common malignancy that has four main subtypes and is a threat to human health. Understanding the epidemiological status of leukemia and its four main subtypes globally is important for allocating appropriate resources, guiding clinical practice, and furthering scientific research. Methods. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to estimate the change trends of age-standardized rates (ASRs) from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories. The risk factors for leukemia death and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) were also analyzed. In addition, the future trends in ASRs were projected through 2030. Results. The total number of incident cases, deaths, and DALYs from leukemia in 2019 was 0.64, 0.33, and 11.66 million, respectively. Decreasing trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and age-standardized DALY rate were detected on a global level while increasing trends in ASIR were detected in the high-sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. The leukemia burden was heavier in males than in females. By cause, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were more likely to impose a burden on the elderly, while acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showed a greater impact in the younger population. A significant positive correlation was observed between SDI and AAPC in ASIR, while SDI was negatively correlated with AAPCs in both ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate. Smoking remained the most significant risk factor associated with leukemia-related death and DALY, especially in males. Similar deaths and DALYs were caused by smoking and high body mass index (BMI) in females. Future projections through 2030 estimated that ASIR and ASDR will continue to increase, while the DALY rate is predicted to decline. Conclusions. Patterns and trends of leukemia burden are correlated with SDI. The estimated contributions to leukemia deaths indicate that timely measures are needed to reduce smoking and obesity.
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Hu Y, Li Q, Hou M, Peng J, Yang X, Xu S. Magnitude and Temporal Trend of the Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: On the Basis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7:1429-1441. [PMID: 34591599 PMCID: PMC8492379 DOI: 10.1200/go.21.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To map the magnitudes and temporal trends of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) along with its attributable risk factors, providing the essential foundation for targeted public policies at the national, regional, and global levels. Temporal trend of CML burden and its attributable factors was mapped to guide public health resource allocation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefen Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhao Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuqian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Verrou E, Tsirou K, Karampatzakis N, Triantafyllou T, Sevastoudi A, Grigoriadou GI, Konstantinidou P, Panagiotidis P, Katodritou E. Chronic myelogenous leukemia occurring in two brothers: The opposite sides of the same coin? Leuk Res Rep 2021; 16:100261. [PMID: 34401318 PMCID: PMC8358150 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2021.100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present a rare case of two brothers diagnosed with CML four years apart. Importantly, our case of CML occurrence among siblings is the fifth one reported and the second one investigated by both, conventional cytogenetics and RT-PCR analysis. Moreover, although Ph chromosome was detected in both our patients, RT-PCR revealed the presence of two different BCR-ABL transcripts. Finally, both our patients have been followed for a long period of time offering thus the opportunity to observe the differences in the clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Verrou
- Hematology Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Tsirou
- Hematology Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Panagiotis Panagiotidis
- Μolecular Diagnostics Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Hematology Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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7
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Kaltoum ABO, Hind D, Meryem Q, Yaya K, Sellama N, Asma Q. Effects of GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism on both susceptibility and treatment response of chronic myeloid leukemia. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Monte N, Pantoja KBCC, Rodrigues JCG, de Carvalho DC, Azevedo TCB, Pereira EEB, de Assumpção PP, Dos Santos SEB, Fernandes MR, Dos Santos NPC. Polymorphisms in the CYP2A6 and ABCC4 genes are associated with a protective effect on chronic myeloid leukemia in the Brazilian Amazon population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1694. [PMID: 34050721 PMCID: PMC8372092 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) may be modulated by genetic variables. However, the majority of previous investigations have focused on genetically homogeneous populations, resulting in a lack of evidence on how genetic factors may influence the development of CML in miscegenated populations. We analyzed 30 polymorphisms in genes related to DNA repair, folate metabolism, transmembrane transport, xenobiotic metabolism, and pyrimidine synthesis in relation to their potential role in the susceptibility of the individual to CML. METHODS This case-control study included 126 healthy individuals and 143 patients diagnosed with CML from the admixed population of the Brazilian Amazon. The samples were genotyped by real-time PCR and the genetic ancestry analysis was based on a panel of 61 ancestry informative markers. RESULTS The results indicated a protective effect against the development of CML in carriers of the C allele of the rs28399433 (CYP2A6) gene and the CC genotype of the rs3742106 (ABCC4) gene. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the rs3742106 (ABCC4) and rs28399433 (CYP2A6) polymorphisms may modulate susceptibility to CML in a population of the Brazilian Amazon region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Monte
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Karla B C C Pantoja
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Juliana C G Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Darlen C de Carvalho
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Esdras E B Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo P de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney E B Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marianne R Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil.,Departamento de Oncohematologia, Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ney P C Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, Belém, Brazil
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9
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Taj T, Poulsen AH, Ketzel M, Geels C, Brandt J, Christensen JH, Puett R, Hvidtfeldt UA, Sørensen M, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Exposure to PM 2.5 constituents and risk of adult leukemia in Denmark: A population-based case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110418. [PMID: 33157111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemia is one of the most common forms of hematologic malignancy, which can affect people of all ages. We previously showed an association between exposure to ambient particulate matter 2.5 μg (PM2.5) and risk for leukemia in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate which PM2.5 constituents were responsible for our previous observation. METHODS This is a nationwide register-based case-control study. We identified 14,983 persons diagnosed with leukemia at age 20 or above, 1989-2014, in the Danish Cancer Registry. We selected up to four sex and age-matched controls per case at random from the entire Danish population (n = 51,613). We modelled concentrations of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents at the addresses of cases and controls for the 10-year period before index date with a state-of-the-art multiscale air pollution modeling system. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for individual and neighborhood level socio-demographic variables. RESULT The results showed higher risk for overall leukemia in association with interquartile range exposure to PM2.5 (OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.17), black carbon (BC) (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.03), secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.29) and its components ammonium (NH4) (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.17) and nitrate (NO3) (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.14). In leukemia subtype analysis, statistically significant associations were found for AML with PM2.5 (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.29), BC (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07), SIA (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.51), NH4 (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.34) and NO3 (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.24). The association between PM2.5 and leukemia persisted in two pollutants models including sum of primary emitted black and organic carbon (BC + OC), secondary organic aerosols (SOA), or sea-salt. The association between black carbon (BC) and leukemia persisted in two pollutants models including organic carbon (OC). The three pollutant model with sulfate (SO4), NH4 and NO3 showed an association with NO3 but not with SO4 or NH4. CONCLUSION Ambient concentrations of the PM2.5 components BC, NH4 and NO3 at the residence showed associations with risk of incident leukemia in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Taj
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Aslak Harbo Poulsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box. 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box. 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box. 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jesper Heile Christensen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box. 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Robin Puett
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box. 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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10
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Aitken MJL, Benton CB, Issa GC, Sasaki K, Yilmaz M, Short NJ. Two Cases of Possible Familial Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in a Family with Extensive History of Cancer. Acta Haematol 2021; 144:585-590. [PMID: 33735874 DOI: 10.1159/000513925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CML is defined by the presence of an oncogenic fusion protein caused by a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9q and 22q. While our molecular understanding of CML pathogenesis has revolutionized drug development for this disease, we have yet to identify many predisposing factors for CML. Familial occurrence of CML has been rarely reported. Here, we describe 2 cases of CML in a 24-year-old woman and in her 73-year-old maternal great aunt. We describe genetic variants in these patients and report on their environmental exposures that may have contributed to CML pathogenesis. The possible familial association of these 2 cases of CML warrants further investigation into more definitive etiologies of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa J L Aitken
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher B Benton
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Rocky Mountain Cancer Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Ghayas C Issa
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Koji Sasaki
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Musa Yilmaz
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas J Short
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA,
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11
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Mundt KA, Dell LD, Boffetta P, Beckett EM, Lynch HN, Desai VJ, Lin CK, Thompson WJ. The importance of evaluating specific myeloid malignancies in epidemiological studies of environmental carcinogens. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:227. [PMID: 33676443 PMCID: PMC7936449 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) - including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) - and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are largely clinically distinct myeloid malignancies, epidemiological studies rarely examine them separately and often combine them with lymphoid malignancies, limiting possible etiological interpretations for specific myeloid malignancies. METHODS We systematically evaluated the epidemiological literature on the four chemical agents (1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, benzene, and tobacco smoking, excluding pharmaceutical, microbial and radioactive agents, and pesticides) classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as having sufficient epidemiological evidence to conclude that each causes "myeloid malignancies." Literature searches of IARC Monographs and PubMed identified 85 studies that we critically assessed, and for appropriate subsets, summarized results using meta-analysis. RESULTS Only two epidemiological studies on 1,3-butadiene were identified, but reported findings were inadequate to evaluate specific myeloid malignancies. Studies on formaldehyde reported results for AML and CML - and not for MDS or MPN - but reported no increased risks. For benzene, several specific myeloid malignancies were evaluated, with consistent associations reported with AML and MDS and mixed results for CML. Studies of tobacco smoking examined all major myeloid malignancies, demonstrating consistent relationships with AML, MDS and MPN, but not with CML. CONCLUSIONS Surprisingly few epidemiological studies present results for specific myeloid malignancies, and those identified were inconsistent across studies of the same exposure, as well as across chemical agents. This exercise illustrates that even for agents classified as having sufficient evidence of causing "myeloid malignancies," the epidemiological evidence for specific myeloid malignancies is generally limited and inconsistent. Future epidemiological studies should report findings for the specific myeloid malignancies, as combining them post hoc - where appropriate - always remains possible, whereas disaggregation may not. Furthermore, combining results across possibly discrete diseases reduces the chances of identifying important malignancy-specific causal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L D Dell
- Ramboll US Consulting Inc., Amherst, MA, USA
| | - P Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - V J Desai
- Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - C K Lin
- Cardno ChemRisk, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Shallis RM, Zeidan AM, Wang R, Podoltsev NA. Epidemiology of the Philadelphia Chromosome-Negative Classical Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 35:177-189. [PMID: 33641862 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) comprise the BCR-ABL-negative classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). These clonal myeloid diseases are principally driven by well-described molecular events; however, factors leading to their acquisition are not well understood. Beyond increasing age, male sex, and race/ethnicity differences, few consistent risk factors for the MPNs are known. PV and ET have an incidence of 0.5 to 4.0 and 1.1 to 2.0 cases per 100,000 person-years, respectively, and predict similar survival. PMF, which has an incidence of about 0.3 to 2.0 cases per 100,000 person-years, is associated with the shortest survival of the MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory M Shallis
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208028, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208028, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208028, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA
| | - Nikolai A Podoltsev
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208028, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA.
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13
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Lin Q, Mao L, Shao L, Zhu L, Han Q, Zhu H, Jin J, You L. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, 1990-2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Front Oncol 2020; 10:580759. [PMID: 33384954 PMCID: PMC7770240 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.580759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) seems to have dramatically improved over the last two decades. Accurate information of the global burden of CML is critical for direct health policy and healthcare resource allocation in the era of high-cost TKI therapy. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the health burden of CML at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2017. Methods We collected data of CML between 1990 and 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017 including, annual incidence, disease-related mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), and the corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs). To summarize the results, countries were categorized by sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles and 21 GBD regions. Results In 2017, an estimated 34,179 [95% Uncertainty Interval (UI), 31,516–36,714) incident cases of CML were recorded, and 24,054 (95%UI, 22,233–26,072) CML-related deaths were reported worldwide. Both, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) steadily decreased from 1990 to 2017, with estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of −2.39 (95%UI, −8.13–3.71) and −2.74 (95%UI, −9.31–4.31), respectively. The global incidence and mortality of CML in males were higher than that in females. The ASRs varied substantially across regions, with the highest burden in Andean Latin America, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia. Besides, the ASRs decreased most obviously in the high-SDI regions compared to non-high-SDI regions. Moreover, the lower the SDI, the higher was the proportion of deaths in the younger age groups. Conclusion Despite the decreasing trends of ASRs of CML from 1990 to 2017, the health-related burden of CML remains a challenge for the low-SDI regions. These findings highlight that appropriate strategies should be adopted in low-SDI countries to reduce the ASRs of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Mao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Shao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingmei Han
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangshun You
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Sørensen AL, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Kjaer L, Holm N, Ellervik C, Hasselbalch HC. Smoking impairs molecular response, and reduces overall survival in patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms: A retrospective cohort study. Br J Haematol 2020; 193:83-92. [PMID: 33169852 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of smoking on the molecular response (MR) and overall survival (OS) in patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have not been investigated before. We analysed a historical cohort of 498 consecutive patients diagnosed with MPNs. Moreover, we analysed a subgroup of 270 consecutive patients with MPNs with > 1 measurement of the JAK2V617F variant allele frequency. The data were analysed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analysis, along with linear regression models. In all patients, the rate of MR was significantly higher in never-smokers compared with current smokers in the univariate model (HR, 1·9; 95% CI, 1·1-3·3; P = 0·033) and the multivariate model (HR, 1·9; 95% CI, 1·1-3·5; P = 0·029). Similar findings were observed with different cut-off values for a partial MR. A subgroup analysis including only interferon-α2-treated patients showed similar results. In multivariate analyses, the OS was significantly better for never-smokers (HR, 0·46; 95% CI, 0·29-0·75; P = 0·002) than current smokers. The differences were more pronounced in the pegylated interferon-α2-treated patients. However, no significant interaction of interferon-α2 treatment was observed. In conclusion, we found that tobacco smoking reduced the rate of MR and OS in patients with MPNs. Cessation of smoking should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lindholm Sørensen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine A Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjaer
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nanna Holm
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Data and Development Support, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
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15
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A clandestine culprit with critical consequences: Benzene and acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Rev 2020; 47:100736. [PMID: 32771228 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
While most clinicians recognize adult therapy-related leukemias following cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation, environmental regulatory agencies evaluate exposure to "safe levels" of leukemogenic compounds. Benzene represents the most notorious leukemogenic chemical. Used in the production of ubiquitous items such as plastics, lubricants, rubbers, dyes, and pesticides, benzene may be responsible for the higher risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) among automobile, janitorial, construction, and agricultural workers. It is possible that ambient benzene may contribute to many cases of "de novo" AML not arising out of germline predispositions. In this appraisal of the available literature, we evaluate and discuss the association between chronic, low-dose and ambient exposure to environmental benzene and the development of adult AML.
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16
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Epidemiology of the classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: The four corners of an expansive and complex map. Blood Rev 2020; 42:100706. [PMID: 32517877 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), specifically chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), represent clonal myeloid disorders whose pathogenesis is driven by well-defined molecular abnormalities. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the epidemiological literature and present our own analysis of the most recent the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data through 2016. Older age and male gender are known risk factors for MPNs, but the potential etiological role of other variables is less established. The incidences of CML, PV, and ET are relatively similar at 1.0-2.0 per 100,000 person-years in the United States, while PMF is rarer with an incidence of 0.3 per 100,000 person-years. The availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy has dramatically improved CML patient outcomes and yield a life expectancy similar to the general population. Patients with PV or ET have better survival than PMF patients.
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17
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An emerging trend of rapid increase of leukemia but not all cancers in the aging population in the United States. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12070. [PMID: 31427635 PMCID: PMC6700310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The “baby boomers” born in 1946–1964 in the United States (U.S.) started to reach the age of 65 in 2011, rapidly accelerating U.S. population aging. There are great public concerns about its impact on health care with anticipation of rising cancer incidences. We examined the incidences and deaths of leukemia and overall cancer in the U.S. from 1998 to 2018. The acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) incidences remained constant prior to 2011 but have climbed up substantially since then, and the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) incidence has increased continuously since 1998. The significant increase of myeloid leukemia and CLL incidences was strongly correlated with the U.S. population aging. The incidence of all cancers was increased in correlation with a small increase in aging population prior to 2011, but surprisingly has changed marginally since 2011, which was not significantly correlated with the accelerated population aging. We observed the most substantial decline of deaths with CML, whereas AML deaths continued to rise in the past 20 years. In conclusion, the overall cancer incidence was not increased as fast as previously feared with aging Americans; however, the incidences of myeloid leukemia and CLL significantly outpaced that of all cancers.
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18
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Prevalence and phenotypes of JAK2 V617F and calreticulin mutations in a Danish general population. Blood 2019; 134:469-479. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe JAK2 V617F and calreticulin mutations (CALR) are frequent within myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). JAK2 V617F has been detected in the general population, but no studies have previously investigated the CALR prevalence. Thus, we aimed to determine the CALR and JAK2 V617F population prevalence and assess the biochemical profile and lifestyle factors in mutation-positive individuals with and without MPN. 19 958 eligible participants, enrolled from 2010-2013, from the Danish General Suburban Population Study were screened for JAK2 V617F and CALR by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction with (3.2%) mutation positives of which 16 (2.5%) had MPN at baseline. Of 645 participants, 613 were JAK2 V617F positive, and 32 were CALR positive, corresponding to a population prevalence of 3.1% (confidence interval [CI], 2.8-3.3) and 0.16% (CI, 0.11-0.23), respectively. Increasing age, smoking, and alcohol were risk factors for the mutations. JAK2 V617F positives with and without MPN presented elevated odds for prevalent venous thromboembolism. The odds ratio for a diagnosis of MPN per percentage allele burden was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.09-1.18; P = 1.6 × 10−10). Mutation positives displayed higher blood cell counts than nonmutated participants, and 42% of mutation positives without MPN presented elevation of ≥1 blood cell counts; 80 (13%) even presented blood cell counts in accordance with current MPN diagnostic criteria. In conclusion, we present a novel population prevalence of CALR and a JAK2 V617F prevalence that is 3 to 30 times higher compared with less sensitive methods. Mutation-positive non-MPNs with elevated blood cell counts raise concerns of MPN underdiagnosis in the population.
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19
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Gorre M, Sashidhar RB, Annamaneni S, Digumarti R, Satti V. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Study on Confined Populations of Southern India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_141_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of the most common hematological malignancies in all populations throughout the world. Even though the pathophysiology of CML was well explained in majority of the studies, the incidence of CML was shown to exhibit population diversity, and hence, the demographic factors underlying CML origin remain to be understood. Further, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors had revolutionized the treatment of CML over the years; however, there is a need for developing tailoring therapy to individual risk since the patient clinical heterogeneity poses a major problem during drug response. Therefore, the study of basic clinical picture may aid in planning treatment strategies for CML patients. Aim: The aim of this article is to study the epidemiological and clinical variables associated with the prognosis of CML. Subjects and Methods: We have considered the distribution of various demographic and clinical variables among 476 CML patients diagnosed at Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Statistical Analysis Used: All the analyses were performed through SPSS software (version 21.0). Correlation and Cox regression analyses were also performed. Results: Apart from the elevated male sex ratio in CML incidence, high frequency of males was observed to be nonresponders to imatinib mesylate (IM). IM response was shown to be dependent on phase of diagnosis, whereas overall survival of CML patients depends on the age at onset and response to IM. Conclusions: The study of epidemiology and clinical picture of CML patients may help in planning better treatment strategies at diagnosis to achieve long-term progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Gorre
- Departments of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - RB Sashidhar
- Departments of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sandhya Annamaneni
- Departments of Genetics, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Raghunadharao Digumarti
- Departments of Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnupriya Satti
- Departments of Genetics, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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20
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Hussein S, Mohamed D, Hafez R. Risk factors of hematological malignancies in Upper Egypt: a case–control study. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ejim.ejim_81_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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21
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Lv S, Li A, Wu H, Wang X. Observation of clinical efficacy and toxic and side effects of pirarubicin combined with cytarabine on acute myeloid leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3411-3417. [PMID: 30867778 PMCID: PMC6396216 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficacy and toxic and side effects of pirarubicin combined with cytarabine and mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine on the treatment of initially treated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were compared. A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 76 AML patients who were initially treated in Weifang People's Hospital. Among them, 36 patients (observation group) were treated with pirarubicin combined with cytarabine, and 40 patients (control group) were treated with mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine. The efficacy and toxic and side effects on patients in the two groups were observed. There was no statistically significant difference in the complete response (CR) rate, partial response (PR) rate and overall response (OR) rate of patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Patients in the observation group had significantly lower incidence of cardiotoxicity and alopecia than those in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the observation group had lower incidence of bone marrow depression (BMD) at grade IV than those in the control group (P<0.05). The median progression-free survival time of patients was 14.5 months in the observation group and 18 months in the control group. The progression-free survival rate of patients was 36.11% in the observation group and 40.00% in the control group, with no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The median survival time of patients was 22.5 months in the observation group and 24.5 months in the control group. The overall survival (OS) rate of patients was 44.44% in the observation group and 47.50% in the control group, with no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Both pirarubicin combined with cytarabine and mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine have satisfactory efficacy on initially treated AML. Compared to the latter, the former has lower toxic and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqin Lv
- Outpatient Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Haijuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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22
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Ghazawi FM, Le M, Cyr J, Netchiporouk E, Rahme E, Alakel A, Zubarev A, Powell M, Moreau L, Roshdy O, Glassman SJ, Sasseville D, Popradi G, Litvinov IV. Analysis of acute myeloid leukemia incidence and geographic distribution in Canada from 1992 to 2010 reveals disease clusters in Sarnia and other industrial US border cities in Ontario. Cancer 2019; 125:1886-1897. [PMID: 30811592 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors have been implicated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) leukemogenesis. However, the epidemiologic distribution and precise triggers for AML in Canada remain poorly understood. METHODS In this study, demographic data for AML patients in Canada from 1992 to 2010 were analyzed using 3 independent population-based cancer registries. The AML incidence and mortality rates were examined at the levels of province/territory, city, and forward sortation area (FSA) postal code. RESULTS In total, 18,085 patients were identified. AML incidence was documented to be 30.61 cases per million individuals per year (95% confidence interval [CI], 30.17-31.06) from 1992 to 2010. Five industrial cities in Ontario were identified where incidence rates were significantly higher than the national average: Sarnia, Sault Ste. Marie, Thunder Bay, St. Catharines, and Hamilton. Analysis at the FSA postal code level identified significant patient clusters of AML in these cities. Specifically, FSA N7V in Sarnia, Ontario had an incidence of 106.81 (95% CI, 70.96-161.86) cases per million individuals per year, which is >3 times higher than the national average. The pollution from local oil refineries and chemical plants in Sarnia may be implicated as a risk factor for AML in that city. Analysis of mortality rates at the province and city levels corroborated the findings from the incidence data. CONCLUSION These results provide a comprehensive analysis of AML burden in Canada and reveal striking geographic case clustering in industrial Ontario cities and potentially implicate exposure to materials/pollution from these plants as an important risk factor for developing AML in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Janelle Cyr
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Akram Alakel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrei Zubarev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Powell
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Linda Moreau
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Osama Roshdy
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven J Glassman
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gizelle Popradi
- Division of Hematology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Gallaway MS, Henley SJ, Steele CB, Momin B, Thomas CC, Jamal A, Trivers KF, Singh SD, Stewart SL. Surveillance for Cancers Associated with Tobacco Use - United States, 2010-2014. MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT. SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES (WASHINGTON, D.C. : 2002) 2018; 67:1-42. [PMID: 30383737 PMCID: PMC6220819 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6712a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM/CONDITION Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of cancer, contributing to at least 12 types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx; esophagus; stomach; colon and rectum; liver; pancreas; larynx; lung, bronchus, and trachea; kidney and renal pelvis; urinary bladder; and cervix. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of recent tobacco-associated cancer incidence for each cancer type by sex, age, race/ethnicity, metropolitan county classification, tumor characteristics, U.S. census region, and state. These data are important for initiation, monitoring, and evaluation of tobacco prevention and control measures. PERIOD COVERED 2010-2014. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM Cancer incidence data from CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program were used to calculate average annual age-adjusted incidence rates for 2010-2014 and trends in annual age-adjusted incidence rates for 2010-2014. These cancer incidence data cover approximately 99% of the U.S. POPULATION This report provides age-adjusted cancer incidence rates for each of the 12 cancer types known to be causally associated with tobacco use, including liver and colorectal cancer, which were deemed to be causally associated with tobacco use by the U.S. Surgeon General in 2014. Findings are reported by demographic and geographic characteristics, percentage distributions for tumor characteristics, and trends in cancer incidence by sex. RESULTS During 2010-2014, approximately 3.3 million new tobacco-associated cancer cases were reported in the United States, approximately 667,000 per year. Age-adjusted incidence rates ranged from 4.2 AML cases per 100,000 persons to 61.3 lung cancer cases per 100,000 persons. By cancer type, incidence rates were higher among men than women (excluding cervical cancer), higher among non-Hispanics than Hispanics (for all cancers except stomach, liver, kidney, and cervical), higher among persons in nonmetropolitan counties than those in metropolitan counties (for all cancers except stomach, liver, pancreatic, and AML), and lower in the West than in other U.S. census regions (all except stomach, liver, bladder, and AML). Compared with other racial/ethnic groups, certain cancer rates were highest among whites (oral cavity and pharyngeal, esophageal, bladder, and AML), blacks (colon and rectal, pancreatic, laryngeal, lung and bronchial, cervical, and kidney), and Asians/Pacific Islanders (stomach and liver). During 2010-2014, the rate of all tobacco-associated cancers combined decreased 1.2% per year, influenced largely by decreases in cancers of the larynx (3.0%), lung (2.2%), colon and rectum (2.1%), and bladder (1.3%). INTERPRETATION Although tobacco-associated cancer incidence decreased overall during 2010-2014, the incidence remains high in several states and subgroups, including among men, whites, blacks, non-Hispanics, and persons in nonmetropolitan counties. These disproportionately high rates of tobacco-related cancer incidence reflect overall demographic patterns of cancer incidence in the United States and also reflect patterns of tobacco use. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION Tobacco-associated cancer incidence can be reduced through prevention and control of tobacco use and comprehensive cancer-control efforts focused on reducing cancer risk, detecting cancer early, and better assisting communities disproportionately affected by cancer. Ongoing surveillance to monitor cancer incidence can identify populations with a high incidence of tobacco-associated cancers and evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco control programs and policies. Implementation research can be conducted to achieve wider adoption of existing evidence-based cancer prevention and screening programs and tobacco control measures, especially to reach groups with the largest disparities in cancer rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shayne Gallaway
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
- Commissioned Corps, U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | - S. Jane Henley
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - C. Brooke Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Behnoosh Momin
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Cheryll C. Thomas
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Ahmed Jamal
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease and Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Katrina F. Trivers
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease and Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Simple D. Singh
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
| | - Sherri L. Stewart
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
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Fiebelkorn S, Meredith C. Estimation of the Leukemia Risk in Human Populations Exposed to Benzene from Tobacco Smoke Using Epidemiological Data. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2018; 38:1490-1501. [PMID: 29266361 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between occupational benzene exposure and increased leukemia risk, in particular acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, there is still uncertainty as to the risk to the general population from exposure to lower environmental levels of benzene. To estimate the excess risk of leukemia from low-dose benzene exposure, various methods for incorporating epidemiological data in quantitative risk assessment were utilized. Tobacco smoke was identified as one of the main potential sources of benzene exposure and was the focus of this exposure assessment, allowing further investigation of the role of benzene in smoking-induced leukemia. Potency estimates for benzene were generated from individual occupational studies and meta-analysis data, and an exposure assessment for two smoking subgroups (light and heavy smokers) carried out. Subsequently, various techniques, including life-table analysis, were then used to evaluate both the excess lifetime risk and the contribution of benzene to smoking-induced leukemia and AML. The excess lifetime risk for smokers was estimated at between two and six additional leukemia deaths in 10,000 and one to three additional AML deaths in 10,000. The contribution of benzene to smoking-induced leukemia was estimated at between 9% and 24% (Upper CL 14-31%). For AML this contribution was estimated as 11-30% (Upper CL 22-60%). From the assessments carried out here, it appears there is an increased risk of leukemia from low-level exposure to benzene and that benzene may contribute up to a third of smoking-induced leukemia. Comparable results from using methods with varying degrees of complexity were generated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clive Meredith
- British American Tobacco, R&D Centre, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
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25
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Alton D, Eng L, Lu L, Song Y, Su J, Farzanfar D, Mohan R, Krys O, Mattina K, Harper C, Liu S, Yoannidis T, Milne R, Brown MC, Vennettilli A, Hope AJ, Howell D, Jones JM, Selby P, Xu W, Goldstein DP, Liu G, Giuliani ME. Perceptions of Continued Smoking and Smoking Cessation Among Patients With Cancer. J Oncol Pract 2018; 14:e269-e279. [PMID: 29676948 DOI: 10.1200/jop.17.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis leads to poorer treatment outcomes, survival, and quality of life. We evaluated the perceptions of the effects of continued smoking on quality of life, survival, and fatigue among patients with cancer after a cancer diagnosis and the effects of these perceptions on smoking cessation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with cancer from all disease subsites from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (Toronto, Ontario) were surveyed between April 2014 and May 2016 for sociodemographic variables, smoking history, and perceptions of continued smoking on quality of life, survival, and fatigue. Multivariable regression models evaluated the association between patients' perceptions and smoking cessation and the factors influencing patients' perceptions of smoking. RESULTS Among 1,121 patients, 277 (23%) were smoking cigarettes up to 1 year before diagnosis, and 54% subsequently quit; 23% had lung cancer, and 27% had head and neck cancers. The majority felt that continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis negatively affected quality of life (83%), survival (86%), and fatigue (82%). Current smokers during the peridiagnosis period were less likely to perceive that continued smoking was harmful when compared with ex-smokers and never-smokers ( P < .01). Among current smokers, perceiving that smoking negatively affected quality of life (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.68 [95% CI, 1.26 to 5.72]; P = .011), survival (aOR, 5.00 [95% CI, 2.19 to 11.43]; P < .001), and fatigue (aOR, 3.57 [95% CI, 1.69 to 7.54]; P < .001) were each strongly associated with smoking cessation. Among all patients, those with a greater smoking history were less likely to believe that smoking was harmful in terms of quality of life (aOR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99]; P < .001), survival (aOR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99]; P < .001), and fatigue (aOR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99]; P < .001). CONCLUSION The perceptions of continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis among patients with cancer are strongly associated with smoking cessation. Counseling about the harms of continued smoking in patients with cancer, and in particular among those who have lower risk perceptions, should be considered when developing a smoking cessation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Alton
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lawson Eng
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lin Lu
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuyao Song
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Delaram Farzanfar
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rahul Mohan
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Krys
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie Mattina
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Harper
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophia Liu
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tom Yoannidis
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Milne
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Catherine Brown
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashlee Vennettilli
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J Hope
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Doris Howell
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer M Jones
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Selby
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meredith E Giuliani
- University of Toronto; Ontario Cancer Institute; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Towle KM, Grespin ME, Monnot AD. Personal use of hair dyes and risk of leukemia: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2017; 6:2471-2486. [PMID: 28925101 PMCID: PMC5633595 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association between personal use of hair dyes and the risk of leukemia. We conducted a systematic literature review of epidemiology studies reporting leukemia‐specific cancer risks among hair dye users, and estimated the meta‐relative risk (meta‐RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of leukemia, comparing hair dye users to nonusers. When data from all 20 studies that met the inclusion criteria were combined, ever use of hair dye was associated with a nonstatistically significant increased risk of leukemia, meta‐RR = 1.09 (95% CI: 0.97–1.22). When restricted to studies that adjusted for smoking, ever use of hair dye was not associated with leukemia, meta‐RR = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.76–1.29). A statistically significant increased risk of leukemia was associated with permanent hair dye use (meta‐RR = 1.19 [95% CI: 1.07–1.33]), dark hair dye use (meta‐RR = 1.29 [95% CI: 1.11–1.50]), hair dye use among males (meta‐RR = 1.42 [95% CI: 1.01–2.00]), hair dye use pre‐1980 (meta‐RR = 1.49 [95% CI: 1.21–1.83]), and hair dye use for ≥15 years (meta‐RR = 1.35 [95% CI: 1.13–1.62]). Overall, findings suggest that ever use of hair dye is not a significant risk factor for leukemia. Certain hair dye use characteristics were associated with a statistically significant increased risk, but further research is required to determine whether these associations truly reflect a risk of leukemia due to methodological limitations in the underlying studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Towle
- Cardno ChemRisk, 101 2nd St. Suite 700, San Francisco, California, 94105
| | | | - Andrew D Monnot
- Cardno ChemRisk, 101 2nd St. Suite 700, San Francisco, California, 94105
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27
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Ugai T, Matsuo K, Oze I, Ito H, Wakai K, Wada K, Nagata C, Nakayama T, Liu R, Kitamura Y, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Sawada N, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Mizoue T, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Shimazu T. Smoking and subsequent risk of acute myeloid leukaemia: A pooled analysis of 9 cohort studies in Japan. Hematol Oncol 2017; 36:262-268. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
- Division of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Epidemiology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Epidemiology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine; Gifu Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine; Gifu Japan
| | - Tomio Nakayama
- Center for Cancer Control and Statistics; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases; Osaka Japan
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
| | - Yuri Kitamura
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsuko Sadakane
- Department of Epidemiology; Radiation Effects Research Foundation; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, International Clinical Research Center; National Center for Global Health and Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
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28
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Lauseker M, Hasford J, Saussele S, Kremers S, Kraemer D, Lindemann W, Hehlmann R, Pfirrmann M. Smokers with chronic myeloid leukemia are at a higher risk of disease progression and premature death. Cancer 2017; 123:2467-2471. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Sciences, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE); Ludwig-Maximilians University; Munich Germany
| | - Joerg Hasford
- Institute for Medical Information Sciences, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE); Ludwig-Maximilians University; Munich Germany
| | - Susanne Saussele
- Department of Medicine; University of Heidelberg; Mannheim Germany
| | - Stephan Kremers
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; Caritas-Krankenhaus Lebach; Lebach Germany
| | - Doris Kraemer
- Department of Oncology and Hematology; Oldenburg Clinic; Oldenburg Germany
| | - Walter Lindemann
- Hematology/Oncology Clinic, St. Marien Hospital, Katholisches Krankenhaus Hagen; Hagen Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hehlmann
- Department of Medicine; University of Heidelberg; Mannheim Germany
| | - Markus Pfirrmann
- Institute for Medical Information Sciences, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE); Ludwig-Maximilians University; Munich Germany
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29
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Qin L, Deng HY, Chen SJ, Wei W. Relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of chronic myeloid leukaemia: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Hematology 2016; 22:193-200. [PMID: 27806681 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1232011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qin
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Yang Deng
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Jiang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
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30
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Neri AJ, Momin BR, Thompson TD, Kahende J, Zhang L, Puckett MC, Stewart SL. Use and effectiveness of quitlines versus Web-based tobacco cessation interventions among 4 state tobacco control programs. Cancer 2016; 122:1126-33. [PMID: 26854479 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comparative effectiveness studies of state tobacco quitlines and Web-based tobacco cessation interventions are limited. In 2009, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention undertook a study of the comparative effectiveness of state quitlines and Web-based tobacco cessation interventions. METHODS Standardized questionnaires were administered to smokers who enrolled exclusively in either quitlines or Web-based tobacco cessation services in 4 states in 2011-2012. The primary outcome was the 30-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) rate at 7 months both between and within interventions. RESULTS A total of 4086 participants were included in the analysis. Quitline users were significantly older, more heterogeneous in terms of race and ethnicity, less educated, less likely to be employed, and more often single than Web-based users. The 7-month 30-day PPA rate was 32% for quitline users and 27% for Web-based users. Multivariate models comparing 30-day PPA rates between interventions indicated that significantly increased odds of quitting were associated with being partnered, not living with another smoker, low baseline cigarette use, and more interactions with the intervention. After adjustments for demographic and tobacco use characteristics, quitline users had 1.26 the odds of being abstinent in comparison with Web-based users (95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.58; P = .053). CONCLUSIONS This is one of the largest comparative effectiveness studies of state tobacco cessation interventions to date. These findings will help public health agencies develop and tailor evidence-based tobacco cessation programs. Further research should focus on users of Web-based cessation interventions sponsored by state health departments and their cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Neri
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Behnoosh R Momin
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Trevor D Thompson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer Kahende
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mary C Puckett
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sherri L Stewart
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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31
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Colamesta V, D'Aguanno S, Breccia M, Bruffa S, Cartoni C, La Torre G. Do the smoking intensity and duration, the years since quitting, the methodological quality and the year of publication of the studies affect the results of the meta-analysis on cigarette smoking and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in adults? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 99:376-88. [PMID: 26830008 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between tobacco smoking and the onset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults. METHODS PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched. In the meta-analysis, random or fixed effects models were used according to the presence of heterogeneity. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Twenty-seven articles were included. Case-control and cohort meta-analyses show that current, ever and former smokers have a significant increased risk to develop AML compared to never smokers [current: OR=1.36 (1.11-1.66) and RR=1.52 (1.10-2.14); ever: OR=1.25 (1.14-1.38) and RR=1.45 (1.10-1.90); former: OR=1.21 (1.03-1.41) and RR=1.45 (1.08-1.94)]. Moreover, increasing smoking intensity and duration is associated with an increase of the risk, OR shift from 1.14 (1-20 pack/years) to 2.36 (>40 pack/years). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Smoking may have a significant role in AML onset in a multistep pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colamesta
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia D'Aguanno
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Breccia
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bruffa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Cartoni
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza"-University of Rome, Italy.
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Styles T, Wu M, Wilson R, Babcock F, Butterworth D, West DW, Richardson LC. Population-Based Testing and Treatment Characteristics for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. JOURNAL OF REGISTRY MANAGEMENT 2016; 41:134-142. [PMID: 28121314 PMCID: PMC5291176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION National and international hematology/oncology practice guidelines recommend testing for the BCR-ABL mutation for definitive diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to allow for appropriate treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The purpose of our study was to describe population-based testing and treatment practice characteristics for patients diagnosed with CML. METHODS We analyzed cases of CML using 2011 data from 10 state registries that are part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s National Program of Cancer Registries. We describe completeness of testing for the BCR-ABL gene and availability of outpatient treatment with TKIs and associated characteristics. RESULTS A total of 685 cases of CML were identified; 55 percent (374) had a documented BCR-ABL gene test with 96 percent (360) of these being positive for the BCR-ABL gene and the remaining 4 percent (14) either testing negative or having a missing result. Registries were able to identify the use of TKIs in 54 percent (369) of patients, though only 43 percent (296) had a corresponding BCR-ABL gene test documented. One state registry reported a significantly lower percentage of patients being tested for the BCR-ABL gene (25 percent) and receiving TKI treatment (21 percent). Limiting analysis to CML case reports from the remaining 9 comparative effectiveness research registries, 78 percent (305) patients had a documented BCR-ABL gene test and 79 percent (308) had documented treatment with a TKI. Receipt of testing or treatment for these 9 states did not vary by sex, race, ethnicity, census tract poverty level, census tract urbanization, or insurance status; BCR-ABL testing varied by state of residence, and BCR-ABL testing and TKI therapy occurred less often with increasing age (BCR-ABL testing: odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95 percent CI, 0.95-0.99; and TKI therapy: OR, 0.97; 95 percent CI, 0.96-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Collection of detailed CML data vary significantly by states. A majority of the case patients had appropriate testing for the BCR-ABL gene and treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, BCR-ABL testing and TKI treatment decreased with increasing age. Further research is needed to understand CML coding, testing, and treatment disparities.
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MESH Headings
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Genetic Testing
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Mutation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Registries
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Lindholm Sørensen A, Hasselbalch HC. Smoking and philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Eur J Haematol 2015; 97:63-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lindholm Sørensen
- Department of Haematology; Copenhagen University Hospital Roskilde; Copenhagen Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Haematology; Copenhagen University Hospital Roskilde; Copenhagen Denmark
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Gudzenko N, Hatch M, Bazyka D, Dyagil I, Reiss RF, Brenner A, Chumak V, Babkina N, Zablotska LB, Mabuchi K. Non-radiation risk factors for leukemia: A case-control study among chornobyl cleanup workers in Ukraine. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:72-6. [PMID: 26117815 PMCID: PMC4609257 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational and environmental exposure to chemicals such as benzene has been linked to increased risk of leukemia. Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption have also been found to affect leukemia risk. Previous analyses in a large cohort of Chornobyl clean-up workers in Ukraine found significant radiation-related increased risk for all leukemia types. We investigated the potential for additional effects of occupational and lifestyle factors on leukemia risk in this radiation-exposed cohort. METHODS In a case-control study of chronic lymphocytic and other leukemias among Chornobyl cleanup workers, we collected data on a range of non-radiation exposures. We evaluated these and other potential risk factors in analyses adjusting for estimated bone marrow radiation dose. We calculated Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals in relation to lifestyle factors and occupational hazards. RESULTS After adjusting for radiation, we found no clear association of leukemia risk with smoking or alcohol but identified a two-fold elevated risk for non-CLL leukemia with occupational exposure to petroleum (OR=2.28; 95% Confidence Interval 1.13, 6.79). Risks were particularly high for myeloid leukemias. No associations with risk factors other than radiation were found for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS These data - the first from a working population in Ukraine - add to evidence from several previous reports of excess leukemia morbidity in groups exposed environmentally or occupationally to petroleum or its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gudzenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - M Hatch
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - D Bazyka
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - I Dyagil
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - R F Reiss
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - A Brenner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - V Chumak
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - N Babkina
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - L B Zablotska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - K Mabuchi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wang P, Liu H, Jiang T, Yang J. Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Adult Myeloid Disease: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137300. [PMID: 26340093 PMCID: PMC4560392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The adult myeloid diseases, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, have been reported to be associated with cigarette smoking, but the results have been conflicting. Previous studies may have ignored the relationship between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, where approximately one-third of myelodysplastic syndrome cases will progress to acute myeloid leukemia, which could induce a serious bias in independent analyses. For the purposes of researching pathogenesis, we suggest that myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia should be regarded as a single class of adult myeloid disease, and herein assessed the relationship between cigarette smoking and the risk of adult myeloid disease. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for reports published from 1990 to 2015. Two authors independently assessed the methodological quality and the extracted data. The odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios (OR), a sensitivity analysis, and the publication bias were analyzed using the CMA v2 (Comprehensive Meta Analysis Version 2) software program. Results Twenty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis. The publication dates ranged from 1990 to 2014. The pooled OR in current smokers and ever-smokers showed an increased risk of adult myeloid disease, with ORs of 1.45 (95% CI, 1.30–1.62; p<0.001) and 1.23 (95% CI 1.15–1.32; p<0.001) versus non-smokers, respectively. In the subset analyses, the OR of adult myeloid disease was increased regardless of the form of disease, geographical region, NOS (Newcastle Ottawa Scale) score, and source of controls. The smoking status was divided into <20 and ≥20 cigarettes per day, and these groups had ORs of developing adult myeloid disease of 1.24 (95% CI, 1.09–1.40; p = 0.001) and 1.32 (95% CI, 1.14–1.53; p<0.001), respectively. In the groups divided based on the number of years the subjects had smoked (<20 and ≥20 years), the ORs were 1.05 (95% CI, 0.90–1.23; p = 0.25) and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.16–1.45; p<0.001), respectively. Similarly, <20 and ≥20 pack-years were associated with ORs of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.03–1.29; p = 0.017) and 1.34 (95% CI, 1.18–1.52; p<0.001), respectively. Conclusions This meta-analysis, for the first time, combined myelodysplastic syndrome with acute myeloid leukemia to assess the overall risk of adult myeloid disease, and it demonstrated that cigarette smoking is associated with a significantly increased risk of adult myeloid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Clinical College of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Julun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P.R. China; Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming, P.R. China
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Kassem NOF, Kassem NO, Jackson SR, Liles S, Daffa RM, Zarth AT, Younis MA, Carmella SG, Hofstetter CR, Chatfield DA, Matt GE, Hecht SS, Hovell MF. Benzene uptake in Hookah smokers and non-smokers attending Hookah social events: regulatory implications. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 23:2793-809. [PMID: 25416714 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzene is a human hematotoxicant and a leukemogen that causes lymphohematopoietic cancers, especially acute myelogenous leukemia. We investigated uptake of benzene in hookah smokers and non-smokers attending hookah social events in naturalistic settings where hookah tobacco was smoked exclusively. METHODS We quantified S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), a metabolite of benzene, in the urine of 105 hookah smokers and 103 non-smokers. Participants provided spot urine samples the morning of and the morning after attending an indoor hookah-only smoking social event at a hookah lounge or in a private home. RESULTS Urinary SPMA levels in hookah smokers increased significantly following a hookah social event (P < 0.001). This increase was 4.2 times higher after hookah lounge events (P < 0.001) and 1.9 times higher after home events (P = 0.003). In non-smokers, urinary SPMA levels increased 2.6 times after hookah lounge events (P = 0.055); however, similar urinary SPMA levels were detected before and after home events, possibly indicating chronic exposure to benzene (P = 0.933). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the first evidence for uptake of benzene in hookah smokers and non-smokers exposed to hookah tobacco secondhand smoke at social events in private homes compared with their counterparts in hookah lounges. Hookah tobacco smoke is a source of benzene exposure, a risk factor for leukemia. IMPACT Because there is no safe level of exposure to benzene, our results call for interventions to reduce or prevent hookah tobacco use, regulatory actions to limit hookah-related exposure to toxicants including benzene, initiate labeling of hookah-related products, and include hookah smoking in clean indoor air legislation.
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Epidemiology of chronic myeloid leukaemia: an update. Ann Hematol 2015; 94 Suppl 2:S241-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Cascetta K, Navada SC, Enck RE, Tracy B, Meier DE, Gruenstein S, Morris GJ. A 60-year-old male with synchronous acute myeloid leukemia and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Semin Oncol 2014; 41:e51-9. [PMID: 25499644 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Fircanis S, Merriam P, Khan N, Castillo JJ. The relation between cigarette smoking and risk of acute myeloid leukemia: an updated meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Am J Hematol 2014; 89:E125-32. [PMID: 24753145 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Smoking has been postulated as an environmental risk factor for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The primary objective of this meta-analysis of observational studies was to evaluate the epidemiologic relationship between smoking and the risk of development of AML. Twenty-three studies published between January 1993 and December 2013 were included in our analysis, and accounted for 7,746 cases of AML. The outcome of interest was the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of developing AML in adult cigarette smokers in comparison with non-smokers, and was estimated using the random-effects model. Our results showed that current and ever smokers have 40% (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.22-1.60; P < 0.001) and 25% (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.15-1.36; P < 0.001) increased risk of developing AML when compared with non-smokers. The increased RR of AML was increased regardless of sex, study design, geographical region, and quality of the studies. Intensity of smoking of <10, 10-20, 20-30, and >30 cigarettes per day was associated with RRs of AML of 1.27, 1.36, 1.55, and 1.77, respectively (P < 0.001 for trend). Duration of smoking of <20 and >20 years was associated with RRs of 1.07 and 1.44, respectively (P < 0.001 for trend). Cumulative smoking of <10, 10-20, 20-30, and >30 pack-years was associated with RRs of 1.13, 1.23, 1.39, and 1.71, respectively (P < 0.001 for trend). Overall, cigarette smoking proves to be a significant risk factor for the development of AML in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Fircanis
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; The Miriam Hospital; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Priscilla Merriam
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; The Miriam Hospital; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Naushaba Khan
- Department of Medicine; The Miriam Hospital; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Jorge J. Castillo
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston Massachusetts
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Rota M, Porta L, Pelucchi C, Negri E, Bagnardi V, Bellocco R, Corrao G, Boffetta P, La Vecchia C. Alcohol drinking and risk of leukemia-a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dose-risk relation. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:339-45. [PMID: 24986108 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The association between alcohol and leukemia risk has been addressed in several studies in the past two decades, but results have been inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the dose-risk relation. Through the literature search up to August 2013, we identified 18 studies, 10 case-control and 8 cohorts, carried out in a total of 7142 leukemia cases. We derived pooled meta-analytic estimates using random-effects models, taking into account the correlation between estimates, and we performed a dose-risk analysis using a class of nonlinear random-effects meta-regression models. Stratified analyses were carried out on leukemia subtypes and groups, in order to identify possible etiologic differences. Compared with nondrinkers, the relative risks (RRs) for all leukemia were 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.85-1.03], 0.90 (95% CI, 0.80-1.01) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.81-1.02) for any, light (≤ 1 drink/day) and moderate to heavy (>1 drink/day) alcohol drinking, respectively. The summary RRs for any alcohol drinking were 1.47 (95% CI, 0.47-4.62) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 0.94 (95% CI 0.77-1.15) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.86-1.21) for acute myeloid leukemia and 0.93 (95% CI 0.75-1.14) for chronic myeloid leukemia. The subgroup analysis on geographical area for all leukemia combined showed RRs of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.76-0.93), 0.92 (95% CI, 0.83-1.01) and 1.32 (95% CI, 1.02-1.70) for studies conducted in America, Europe and Asia, respectively. We did not find an increased risk of leukemia among alcohol drinkers. If any, a modest favorable effect emerged for light alcohol drinking, with a model-based risk reduction of approximately 10% in regular drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Rota
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Porta
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Pelucchi
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Rino Bellocco
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Corrao
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Zablotska LB, Lane RSD, Frost SE, Thompson PA. Leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma mortality (1950-1999) and incidence (1969-1999) in the Eldorado uranium workers cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 130:43-50. [PMID: 24583244 PMCID: PMC4002578 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Uranium workers are chronically exposed to low levels of radon decay products (RDP) and gamma (γ) radiation. Risks of leukemia from acute and high doses of γ-radiation are well-characterized, but risks from lower doses and dose-rates and from RDP exposures are controversial. Few studies have evaluated risks of other hematologic cancers in uranium workers. The purpose of this study was to analyze radiation-related risks of hematologic cancers in the cohort of Eldorado uranium miners and processors first employed in 1932-1980 in relation to cumulative RDP exposures and γ-ray doses. The average cumulative RDP exposure was 100.2 working level months and the average cumulative whole-body γ-radiation dose was 52.2 millisievert. We identified 101 deaths and 160 cases of hematologic cancers in the cohort. Overall, male workers had lower mortality and cancer incidence rates for all outcomes compared with the general Canadian male population, a likely healthy worker effect. No statistically significant association between RDP exposure or γ-ray doses, or a combination of both, and mortality or incidence of any hematologic cancer was found. We observed consistent but non-statistically significant increases in risks of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) incidence and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) mortality with increasing γ-ray doses. These findings are consistent with recent studies of increased risks of CLL and NHL incidence after γ-radiation exposure. Further research is necessary to understand risks of other hematologic cancers from low-dose exposures to γ-radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia B Zablotska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
| | - Rachel S D Lane
- Radiation and Health Sciences Division, Directorate of Environmental and Radiation Protection and Assessment, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 5S9
| | | | - Patsy A Thompson
- Radiation and Health Sciences Division, Directorate of Environmental and Radiation Protection and Assessment, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 5S9
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Carson KV, Jurisevic MA, Smith BJ. Is cancer risk still reduced if you give up smoking in later life? Lung Cancer Manag 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/lmt.13.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY This report summarizes the experimental and epidemiological evidence examining the ability of smoking cessation to influence cancer risk reduction in later life. Available evidence suggests that smoking cessation even in later years can significantly reduce mortality and yield risk reductions for many cancers including lung, oral, head and neck, and stomach cancer, among others. More research is necessary to accurately quantify the degree of cancer risk reduction for particular age groups and to calculate the minimum time of cessation necessary to produce a significant benefit for the patient. Smoking cessation is the only approach that has been shown to effectively reduce the risk of many cancers on a mass scale. Considering this, we recommend that healthcare providers communicate these benefits to patients at every opportunity and reinforce the notion that it is never too late to quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin V Carson
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mark A Jurisevic
- The Clinical Practice Unit, The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia
- Respiratory Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brian J Smith
- The Clinical Practice Unit, The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, Australia
- Respiratory Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
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