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Yu YH, Liu F, Li LQ, Jin MY, Yu X, Liu X, Li Y, Li L, Yan JK. Recent advances in dietary polysaccharides from Allium species: Preparation, characterization, and bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134130. [PMID: 39053822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Allium plants, including garlic, onions, shallots, and leeks, belong to the Alliaceae family and are utilized as vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants. These plants are consumed both raw and cooked and are noted in traditional medicine for their antibacterial, antitumor, and diuretic properties. Allium plants are a rich source of polyphenols, organosulfur compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, which contribute to their health benefits. As consumer interest in the association between diet and health grows, there is an increasing market demand for foods that promote health, particularly those rich in dietary fiber or non-starch polysaccharides. Allium polysaccharides (APS) have molecular weights of 1 × 103-1 × 106 Da containing small amounts of pectin, glucofructan, or glycoproteins and large amounts of fructans. APS, despite its complex structure, is one of the principal active components of Allium plants but is often overlooked, which restricts its practical application. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction and purification, structural and functional characteristics, bioactivities, structure-function relationships, and chemical modifications of APS, as well as the effects of APS processing and storage. Additionally, this paper outlines future research directions for APS, which will inform its development and application in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Yu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Fengyuan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Long-Qing Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ming-Yu Jin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiangying Yu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jing-Kun Yan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Randeni N, Xu B. New insights into signaling pathways of cancer prevention effects of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushrooms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155875. [PMID: 39029136 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive efforts, empirical techniques have yielded limited progress in finding effective anticancer medications, with chemotherapy drugs often associated with drug resistance and serious side effects. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel agents with minimal adverse effects. Natural substances, widely used in treating various illnesses, including cancer, offer promising alternatives. Among these, mushrooms, rich in low molecular weight secondary metabolites, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein complexes, have gained attention for their potential anticancer properties. RESULTS Mushroom polysaccharides have been found to impede oncogenesis and tumor metastasis by directly inhibiting tumor cell growth and indirectly enhancing immune system functions. These polysaccharides engage with numerous cell signaling pathways that influence cancer development and progression. They affect pathways that control cell survival, growth, and differentiation, and they also play a role in adjusting the tumor immune microenvironment. CONCLUSION This review highlights the potential of mushroom polysaccharides as promising anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate cell signaling pathways crucial for cancer development. Understanding the mechanisms underlying their effects on these pathways is essential for harnessing their therapeutic potential and developing novel strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidesha Randeni
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China; Department of Agricultural and Plantation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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3
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Lei T, Qin Z, Liu L, Tan Z. A salt/salt aqueous two-phase system based on pH-switchable deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and separation of mulberry polysaccharides. Food Chem 2024; 462:141024. [PMID: 39217751 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
With the aim of expanding the potential application scope of mulberries, eleven pH-switchable deep eutectic solvents were screened for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of mulberry polysaccharides, and a salt/salt aqueous two-phase system was constructed for the efficient separation of mulberry polysaccharides by regulating the system pH. DES-9 (tetraethylammonium chloride: octanoic acid molar ratio = 1: 2) with a critical response pH value of approximately 6.1 was concluded to be the best extraction solvent for extracting mulberry polysaccharides. A maximum polysaccharide extraction yield of 270.71 mg/g was obtained under the optimal conditions. The maximum polysaccharide extraction efficiency was 78.09 % for the pH-driven tetraethylammonium chloride/K2HPO4 aqueous two-phase system. An acidic β-pyran mulberry polysaccharide with a low-molecular weight of 9.26 kDa and a confirmed monosaccharide composition were obtained. This efficient and environmentally friendly polysaccharide separation method offers a new approach for the efficient extraction and utilization of other plant polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zongkui Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization of Eucommia ulmoides, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie 427000, China.
| | - Zhijian Tan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops & Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China.
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Lin Q, Zhou H, Zeng J, Zeng M, Kraithong S, Xia X, Kuang W, Zhang X, Zhong S, Huang R. Bioactive polysaccharides mediate ferroptosis to modulate tumor immunotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135147. [PMID: 39214195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from diverse origins exhibit notable bioactivities, particularly their capacity to exert antitumor and immune-enhancing effects. Concurrently, ferroptosis emerges as a distinctive form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, potentially influencing the demise of specific tumor cells and organismal homeostasis. Recent scholarly attention has increasingly focused on utilizing polysaccharides to modulate tumor cell ferroptosis and manipulate cellular immune responses. This article provides an in-depth analysis of contemporary research concerning using polysaccharides to augment antitumor immunity and combat malignancies. Central to our discourse is examining the pivotal role of polysaccharides in mediating ferroptosis, bolstering immune surveillance, and elucidating the interplay between polysaccharides and antitumor immunity. Furthermore, a comprehensive synthesis of the multifaceted roles of polysaccharides in antitumor and immunomodulatory contexts is provided. Recent advances in understanding how polysaccharides enhance immune function by inducing ferroptosis cell death are explained. Lastly, unresolved inquiries are outlined, and potential avenues for future research are proposed, focusing on the translational applications of polysaccharides in antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Heying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Jinzi Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Supaluck Kraithong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weiyang Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang ZJ, Hu WJ, Yu AQ, Wu LH, Yang DQ, Kuang HX, Wang M. Review of polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.: Extraction, purification, structural characteristics, health benefits, structural-activity relationships and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134919. [PMID: 39179070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (C. morifolium), as a traditional ornamental plant, it has multiple values, including edible, economic, nutritional and even medicinal values, which is used as herbal medicine and a new food resource in the world. Polysaccharides are one of the main bioactive components in C. morifolium, which have various health benefits such as improving functional constipation, improving colitis, anti-glycosylation, antioxidant, anti-angiogenesis, immunomodulation, prebiotic, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. This paper describes the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, health benefits, structural-activity relationships, applications, and analyses the shortcomings of the major relevant studies exist on C. morifolium polysaccharides. In addition, the potential mechanisms of the health benefits of C. morifolium polysaccharides were summarized. This study can provide reference and direction for further research and development of C. morifolium polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Jiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Wen-Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Ai-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - De-Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China.
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Zhang Y, Lin X, Xia L, Xiong S, Xia B, Xie J, Lin Y, Lin L, Wu P. Progress on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Structure-Efficacy Relationship of Polysaccharides from Medical and Edible Homologous Traditional Chinese Medicines. Molecules 2024; 29:3852. [PMID: 39202931 PMCID: PMC11356930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal food varieties developed according to the theory of medical and edible homologues are effective at preventing and treating chronic diseases and in health care. As of 2022, 110 types of traditional Chinese medicines from the same source of medicine and food have been published by the National Health Commission. Inflammation is the immune system's first response to injury, infection, and stress. Chronic inflammation is closely related to many diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. Therefore, timely intervention for inflammation is the mainstay treatment for other complex diseases. However, some traditional anti-inflammatory drugs on the market are commonly associated with a number of adverse effects, which seriously affect the health and safety of patients. Therefore, the in-depth development of new safe, harmless, and effective anti-inflammatory drugs has become a hot topic of research and an urgent clinical need. Polysaccharides, one of the main active ingredients of medical and edible homologous traditional Chinese medicines (MEHTCMs), have been confirmed by a large number of studies to exert anti-inflammatory effects through multiple targets and are considered potential natural anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, the structure of medical and edible homologous traditional Chinese medicines' polysaccharides (MEHTCMPs) may be the key factor determining their anti-inflammatory activity, which makes the underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides and their structure-efficacy relationship hot topics of domestic and international research. However, due to the limitations of the current analytical techniques and tools, the structures have not been fully elucidated and the structure-efficacy relationship is relatively ambiguous, which are some of the difficulties in the process of developing and utilizing MEHTCMPs as novel anti-inflammatory drugs in the future. For this reason, this paper summarizes the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms of MEHTCMPs, such as the regulation of the Toll-like receptor-related signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, NLRP3 signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, PPAR-γ signaling pathway, Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway, and the regulation of intestinal flora, and it systematically analyzes and evaluates the relationships between the anti-inflammatory activity of MEHTCMPs and their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xiulian Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Li Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Suhui Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jingchen Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Limei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (L.X.); (S.X.); (B.X.); (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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Gong T, Liu X, Wang X, Lu Y, Wang X. Applications of polysaccharides in enzyme-triggered oral colon-specific drug delivery systems: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133623. [PMID: 38969037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-triggered oral colon-specific drug delivery system (EtOCDDS1) can withstand the harsh stomach and small intestine environments, releasing encapsulated drugs selectively in the colon in response to colonic microflora, exerting local or systematic therapeutic effects. EtOCDDS boasts high colon targetability, enhanced drug bioavailability, and reduced systemic side effects. Polysaccharides are extensively used in enzyme-triggered oral colon-specific drug delivery systems, and its colon targetability has been widely confirmed, as their properties meet the demand of EtOCDDS. Polysaccharides, known for their high safety and excellent biocompatibility, feature modifiable structures. Some remain undigested in the stomach and small intestine, whether in their natural state or after modifications, and are exclusively broken down by colon-resident microbiota. Such characteristics make them ideal materials for EtOCDDS. This article reviews the design principles of EtOCDDS as well as commonly used polysaccharides and their characteristics, modifications, applications and specific mechanism for colon targeting. The article concludes by summarizing the limitations and potential of ETOCDDS to stimulate the development of innovative design approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, No.151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, No.151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, No.151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yunqian Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, No.151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangtao Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, No.151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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8
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Li L, Su Z, He Y, Zhong X, Fu C, Zou L, Li J, Zhang J. Physicochemical characterization and anti-angiogenesis activity of polysaccharides from Amauroderma rugosum, a medicinal and edible mushroom. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133478. [PMID: 38942412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Amauroderma rugosum (AR) is commonly recognized as a medicinal fungus, often used as an alternative to Ganoderma lucidum. There is a scarcity of comprehensive and in-depth research on its bioactive polysaccharides and their associated biological activities. Herein, we isolated the polysaccharide fractions extracted from AR (ARPs) and investigated their primary structure and anti-angiogenic activities, given that various diseases are associated with excessive angiogenesis. Four polysaccharide fractions including ARP-0, ARP-1, ARP-2, and ARP-5 were heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weights, monosaccharide compositions, and micromorphologies, highlighting their varying bioactive profiles. Treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with these polysaccharide fractions showed that only ARP-5 inhibited cell proliferation after vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation. Similarly, ARP-5 inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cells migration, invasion, and tube formation upon VEGF (50 ng/mL) treatment. Moreover, compared with the insignificant effects of ARP-0, ARP-1, and ARP-2, ARP-5 impeded angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. Additionally, ARP-5 downregulated the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that ARP-5 exerts its anti-angiogenic activities by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR2-mediated angiogenesis signaling pathway. Taken together, the study findings shed light on the primary structure and bioactivity of ARPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- School of Comprehensive Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Ziye Su
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Yuxin He
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China..
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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Song L, Niu Y, Chen R, Ju H, Liu Z, Zhang B, Xie W, Gao Y. A Comparative Analysis of the Anti-Tumor Activity of Sixteen Polysaccharide Fractions from Three Large Brown Seaweed, Sargassum horneri, Scytosiphon lomentaria, and Undaria pinnatifida. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:316. [PMID: 39057425 PMCID: PMC11278018 DOI: 10.3390/md22070316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Searching for natural products with anti-tumor activity is an important aspect of cancer research. Seaweed polysaccharides from brown seaweed have shown promising anti-tumor activity; however, their structure, composition, and biological activity vary considerably, depending on many factors. In this study, 16 polysaccharide fractions were extracted and purified from three large brown seaweed species (Sargassum horneri, Scytosiphon lomentaria, and Undaria pinnatifida). The chemical composition analysis revealed that the polysaccharide fractions have varying molecular weights ranging from 8.889 to 729.67 kDa, and sulfate contents ranging from 0.50% to 10.77%. Additionally, they exhibit different monosaccharide compositions and secondary structures. Subsequently, their anti-tumor activity was compared against five tumor cell lines (A549, B16, HeLa, HepG2, and SH-SY5Y). The results showed that different fractions exhibited distinct anti-tumor properties against tumor cells. Flow cytometry and cytoplasmic fluorescence staining (Hoechst/AO staining) further confirmed that these effective fractions significantly induce tumor cell apoptosis without cytotoxicity. qRT-RCR results demonstrated that the polysaccharide fractions up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Bax while down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and CDK-2. This study comprehensively compared the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharide fractions from large brown seaweed, providing valuable insights into the potent combinations of brown seaweed polysaccharides as anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (L.S.); (W.X.)
- Wuqiong Food Co., Ltd., Raoping 515726, China
| | - Yunze Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.N.); (R.C.); (H.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ran Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.N.); (R.C.); (H.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hao Ju
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.N.); (R.C.); (H.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zijian Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.N.); (R.C.); (H.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Bida Zhang
- Changdao Aihua Seaweed Food Co., Ltd., Yantai 265800, China
| | - Wancui Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (L.S.); (W.X.)
| | - Yi Gao
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China
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da Silva MBF, Teixeira CMLL. Cyanobacterial and microalgae polymers: antiviral activity and applications. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01452-5. [PMID: 39008244 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2019, the world witnessed the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. As an aggressive viral infection, the entire world remained attentive to new discoveries about the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its effects in the human body. The search for new antivirals capable of preventing and/or controlling the infection became one of the main goals of research during this time. New biocompounds from marine sources, especially microalgae and cyanobacteria, with pharmacological benefits, such as anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral attracted particular interest. Polysaccharides (PS) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), especially those containing sulfated groups in their structure, have potential antiviral activity against several types of viruses including HIV-1, herpes simplex virus type 1, and SARS-CoV-2. We review the main characteristics of PS and EPS with antiviral activity, the mechanisms of action, and the different extraction methodologies from microalgae and cyanobacteria biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barbalho Farias da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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11
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Khodadadi Yazdi M, Seidi F, Hejna A, Zarrintaj P, Rabiee N, Kucinska-Lipka J, Saeb MR, Bencherif SA. Tailor-Made Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4193-4230. [PMID: 38958361 PMCID: PMC11253104 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (PSAs) are carbohydrate-based macromolecules widely used in the biomedical field, either in their pure form or in blends/nanocomposites with other materials. The relationship between structure, properties, and functions has inspired scientists to design multifunctional PSAs for various biomedical applications by incorporating unique molecular structures and targeted bulk properties. Multiple strategies, such as conjugation, grafting, cross-linking, and functionalization, have been explored to control their mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, degradability, rheological features, and stimuli-responsiveness. For instance, custom-made PSAs are known for their worldwide biomedical applications in tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery, and regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the remarkable advancements in supramolecular engineering and chemistry have paved the way for mission-oriented biomaterial synthesis and the fabrication of customized biomaterials. These materials can synergistically combine the benefits of biology and chemistry to tackle important biomedical questions. Herein, we categorize and summarize PSAs based on their synthesis methods, and explore the main strategies used to customize their chemical structures. We then highlight various properties of PSAs using practical examples. Lastly, we thoroughly describe the biomedical applications of tailor-made PSAs, along with their current existing challenges and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Division
of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied
Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza
11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
- Advanced
Materials Center, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza
11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu
Co−Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization
of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest
Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Institute
of Materials Technology, Poznan University
of Technology, PL-61-138 Poznań, Poland
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State
University, 420 Engineering
North, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department
of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Justyna Kucinska-Lipka
- Department
of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University
of Gdańsk, J.
Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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12
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Zhang H, Li Y, Fu Y, Jiao H, Wang X, Wang Q, Zhou M, Yong YC, Liu J. A structure-functionality insight into the bioactivity of microbial polysaccharides toward biomedical applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 335:122078. [PMID: 38616098 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) are biopolymers secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi during their metabolic processes. Compared to polysaccharides derived from plants and animals, MPs have advantages such as wide sources, high production efficiency, and less susceptibility to natural environmental influences. The most attractive feature of MPs lies in their diverse biological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities, which have demonstrated immense potential for applications in functional foods, cosmetics, and biomedicine. These bioactivities are precisely regulated by their sophisticated molecular structure. However, the mechanisms underlying this precise regulation are not yet fully understood and continue to evolve. This article presents a comprehensive review of the most representative species of MPs, including their fermentation and purification processes and their biomedical applications in recent years. In particular, this work presents an in-depth analysis into the structure-activity relationships of MPs across multiple molecular levels. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and prospects of investigating the structure-activity relationships, providing valuable insights into the broad and high-value utilization of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zhang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Li
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yinyi Fu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Haixin Jiao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengbo Zhou
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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13
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Su H, He L, Yu X, Wang Y, Yang L, Wang X, Yao X, Luo P, Zhang Z. Structural characterization and mechanisms of macrophage immunomodulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide with a galactose backbone from the processed Polygonati Rhizoma. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100974. [PMID: 39185336 PMCID: PMC11342111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A purified polysaccharide with a galactose backbone (SPR-1, Mw 3,622 Da) was isolated from processed Polygonati Rhizoma with black beans (PRWB) and characterized its chemical properties. The backbone of SPR-1 consisted of [(4)-β-D-Galp-(1]9 → 4,6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α/β-D-Glcp, with a branch chain of R1: β-D-Galp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Galp-(1→ connected to the →4,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→ via O-6, and a branch chain of R2: α-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ connected to the →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ via O-6. Immunomodulatory assays showed that the SPR-1 significantly activated macrophages, and increased secretion of NO and cytokines (i.e., IL-1β and TNF-α), as well as promoted the phagocytic activities of cells. Furthermore, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis and molecular docking results indicated high-affinity binding between SPR-1 and MD2 with the equilibrium dissociation constant (K D) of 18.8 μM. It was suggested that SPR-1 activated the immune response through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and downstream responses. Our research demonstrated that the SPR-1 has a promising candidate from PRWB for the TLR4 agonist to induce immune response, and also provided an easily accessible way that can be used for PR deep processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Su
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Lili He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Xina Yu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Yang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Pei Luo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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14
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Zhao Y, Han C, Wu Y, Sun Q, Ma M, Xie Z, Sun R, Pei H. Extraction, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from three microalgae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172567. [PMID: 38643871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Microalgal polysaccharides have received much attention due to their potential value in preventing and regulating oxidative damage. This study aims to reveal the mechanisms of regulating oxidative stress and the differences in the yield, structure, and effect of polysaccharides extracted from three microalgae: Golenkinia sp. polysaccharides (GPS), Chlorella sorokiniana polysaccharides (CPS), and Spirulina subsalsa polysaccharides (SPS). Using the same extraction method, GPS, CPS, and SPS were all heteropoly- saccharides composed of small molecular fraction: the monosaccharides mainly comprised galactose (Gal). Among the three, SPS had a higher proportion of small molecular fraction, and a higher proportion of Gal; thus it had the highest yield and antioxidant activity. GPS, CPS, and SPS all showed strong antioxidant activity in vitro, and showed strong ability to regulate oxidative stress, among which SPS was slightly higher. From the analysis of gene expression, the Nrf2-ARE signalling pathway was an important pathway for GPS, CPS, and SPS to regulate cellular oxidative stress. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further research on the utilization of microalgae polysaccharides and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chun Han
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yangyingdong Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qianchen Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Meng Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhen Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan 250061, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 202162, China.
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15
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Fan S, Liu Q, Dong J, Ai X, Li J, Huang W, Sun T. In situ forming an injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogel for drug delivery and synergistic tumor therapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32135. [PMID: 38867981 PMCID: PMC11168435 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive injectable hydrogel has the key characteristics of in situ drug-loading ability and the controlled drug release, enabling efficient delivery and precise release of chemotherapy drugs at the tumor site, thereby being used as a local drug delivery system for sustained tumor treatment. This article designed a smart responsive injectable hydrogel loaded with anti-tumor drugs and nanoparticles to achieve efficient and specific synergistic treatment of tumors. Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel obtained by cross-linking HA-SH (HS) and HA-Tyr (HT) through horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and folic acid-polyethylene glycol-amine (FA-PEG-NH2) modified PDA (denoted as PPF) were encapsulated to construct the HS/HT@PPF/D hydrogel. The hydrogel had good biocompatibility, injectability, and could respond to multiple stimuli at the tumor site, thereby achieving controlled drug release. At the same time, PPF gave it excellent photothermal efficiency, photothermal stability and tumor targeting. In vitro and in vivo experimental results showed that the HS/HT@PPF/D hydrogel combined with near-infrared laser irradiation could significantly improve its anti-tumor effect and could almost eliminate the entire tumor mass without obvious adverse reactions. The HS/HT@PPF/D hydrogel could achieve multi-stimulus-responsive drug delivery and be used for precise chemo-photothermal synergistic tumor treatment, thus providing a new platform for local synergistic tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Fan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinghuan Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia Dong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaorui Ai
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
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16
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Yin D, Zhong Y, Liu H, Hu J. Lipid metabolism regulation by dietary polysaccharides with different structural properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132253. [PMID: 38744359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in energy homeostasis maintenance in response to stress. Nowadays, hyperlipidemia-related chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and fatty liver pose significant health challenges. Dietary polysaccharides (DPs) have gained attention for their effective lipid-lowering properties. This review examines the multifaceted mechanisms that DPs employ to lower lipid levels in subjects with hyperlipidemia. DPs could directly inhibit lipid intake and absorption, promote lipid excretion, and regulate key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism pathways, including triglyceride and cholesterol anabolism and catabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and bile acid synthesis. Additionally, DPs indirectly improve lipid homeostasis by modulating gut microbiota composition and alleviating oxidative stress. Moreover, the lipid-lowering mechanisms of particular structural DPs (including β-glucan, pectin, glucomannan, inulin, arabinoxylan, and fucoidan) are summarized. The relationship between the structure and lipid-lowering activity of DPs is also discussed based on current researches. Finally, potential breakthroughs and future directions in the development of DPs in lipid-lowering activity are discussed. The paper could provide a reference for further exploring the mechanism of DPs for lipid regulations and utilizing DPs as lipid-lowering dietary ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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17
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Wang M, Yu A, Hu W, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Meng Y, Yang B, Kuang H. Extraction, purification, structural characteristic, health benefit, and product application of the polysaccharides from bamboo shoot: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132581. [PMID: 38797301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Bamboo shoot is a kind of widely distributed natural green vegetable, which has a long history of consumption and cultivation, and has edible, nutritional and economic value. Bamboo shoot is nutrient-rich food with carbohydrates, fats, proteins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other chemical components, can meet the body's needs. Notably, bamboo shoot polysaccharides are the most attractive saccharides, most of which are water-soluble polysaccharides, and their various biological activities have been paid more attention by researchers. With the deepening of research on bamboo shoot polysaccharides, they have been found to have anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-complement activities, immunomodulatory, etc. Further research on bamboo shoot polysaccharides, their sources, molecular weights, chemical structures, monosaccharide compositions and structural characteristics are constantly explored. In order to better research and development of bamboo shoot polysaccharides, it is necessary to carry on a comprehensive arrangement. Here, the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, health benefits, structure-activity relationships and product applications of bamboo shoot polysaccharides were systematically reviewed. This article will deepen the understanding of bamboo shoot polysaccharides, provide knowledge base for further research on bamboo shoot polysaccharides, and expand the vision for developing related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Aiqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zhaojiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yonghai Meng
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
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18
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Ling N, Tian H, Wang Q, Gao M, Xu G, Sun Y, Song D, Li W, Ji C. Advance in Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharides: Extraction, structural characteristics, pharmacological activity, structure-activity relationship and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132420. [PMID: 38763246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides (Sea buckthorn) is an excellent medicinal and edible plant owing to its high nutritional and health-promoting properties. As an important bioactive component, H. rhamnoides polysaccharides (HRPs) have aroused wide attention due to their various pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective, immuno-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, and so on. Nevertheless, the development and utilization of HRP-derived functional food and medicines are constrained to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship, application, and safety of HRPs. This review systematically summarizes the advancements on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, pharmacological activities and mechanisms of HRPs. The structure-activity relationship, safety evaluation, application, as well as the shortcomings of current research and promising prospects are also highlighted. This article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of HRPs and lay a groundwork for future research and utilization of HRPs as multifunctional biomaterials and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mingze Gao
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Guiguo Xu
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Dongxue Song
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
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19
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Liu L, Li Y, Zheng X, Huang R, Huang X, Zhao Y, Liu W, Lei Y, Li Q, Zhong Z, Zhao Z. Natural polysaccharides regulate intestinal microbiota for inhibiting colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31514. [PMID: 38818184 PMCID: PMC11137569 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is an important part of the human immune system. The gut microbiome, which constitutes a major component of the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological functions and influences the development, diagnosis, and immunotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Natural polysaccharides can be extracted from animals, plants, and traditional Chinese medicines. They serve as an essential energy source for the gut microbiome, promoting probiotic proliferation and regulating the intestinal microecological balance. Moreover, polysaccharides exhibit anti-tumor effects due to their immune regulatory functions and low toxicity. This review focuses on discussing these anti-tumor effects in CRC, along with improving gut microbiome dysbiosis and regulating the tumor immune microenvironment, providing evidence for effective therapeutic strategies against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yinan Li
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiaoting Zheng
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao, Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao, Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao, Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yanli Lei
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao, Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiu Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao, Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ziyun Zhao
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266000, China
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20
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Amin ML, Mawad D, Dokos S, Sorrell CC. Comparative Bioactivities of Chemically Modified Fucoidan and λ-Carrageenan toward Cells Encapsulated in Covalently Cross-Linked Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3131-3140. [PMID: 38554085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The sulfated marine polysaccharides, fucoidan and λ-carrageenan, are known to possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cellular protective properties. Although they hold considerable promise for tissue engineering constructs, their covalent cross-linking in hydrogels and comparative bioactivities to cells are absent from the literature. Thus, fucoidan and λ-carrageenan were modified with methacrylate groups and were covalently cross-linked with the synthetic polymer poly(vinyl alcohol)-methacrylate (PVA-MA) to form 20 wt % biosynthetic hydrogels. Identical degrees of methacrylation were confirmed by 1H NMR, and covalent conjugation was determined by using a colorimetric 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) assay. Pancreatic beta cells were encapsulated in the hydrogels, followed by culturing in the 3D environment for a prolonged period of 32 days and evaluation of the cellular functionality by live/dead, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level, and insulin secretion. The results confirmed that fucoidan and λ-carrageenan exhibited ∼12% methacrylate substitution, which generated hydrogels with stable conjugation of the polysaccharides with PVA-MA. The cells encapsulated in the PVA-fucoidan hydrogels demonstrated consistently high ATP levels over the culture period. Furthermore, only cells in the PVA-fucoidan hydrogels retained glucose responsiveness, demonstrating comparatively higher insulin secretion in response to glucose. In contrast, cells in the PVA-λ-carrageenan and the PVA control hydrogels lost all glucose responsiveness. The present work confirms the superior effects of chemically modified fucoidan over λ-carrageenan on pancreatic beta cell survival and function in covalently cross-linked hydrogels, thereby illustrating the importance of differential polysaccharide structural features on their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lutful Amin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Socrates Dokos
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles C Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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21
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Ye S, Gao Y, Hu X, Cai J, Sun S, Jiang J. Research progress and future development potential of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides in the preparation process, structure analysis, biology, and pharmacology: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131467. [PMID: 38599436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, Flammulina velutipes (F. velutipes) has attracted consequential attention in various research fields due to its rich composition of proteins, vitamins, amino acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols. F. velutipes polysaccharides (FVPs) are considered as key bioactive components of F. velutipes, demonstrating multiple physiological activities, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Moreover, they offer health benefits such as antioxidant and anti-aging properties, which have exceptionally valuable clinical applications. Polysaccharides derived from different sources exhibit a wide range of biomedical functions and distinct biological activities. The varied biological functions of polysaccharides, coupled with their extensive application in functional foods and clinical applications, have prompted a heightened focus on polysaccharide research. Additionally, the extraction, deproteinization, and purification of FVPs are fundamental to investigate the structure and biological activities of polysaccharides. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the extraction, deproteinization, purification, characterization, and structural elucidation of FVPs. Furthermore, the biological activities and mechanisms of FVPs have been further explored through in vivo and in vitro experiments. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation and guide future research and development of FVPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Ye
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangyan Hu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shaowei Sun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jinhuan Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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22
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Zhao Y, Hou J, Liu Y, Xu J, Guo Y. An arabinose-rich heteropolysaccharide isolated from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC treats liver cancer by targeting FAK and activating CD40. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 331:121831. [PMID: 38388048 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
An undisclosed polysaccharide, BCP80-2, was isolated from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Structural investigation revealed that BCP80-2 consists of ten monosaccharide residues including t-α-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-Araf-(1→, →4)-β-Xylp-(1→, →3)-α-Rhap-(1→, →4)-β-Manp-(1→, t-β-Glcp-(1→, →6)-α-Glcp-(1→, t-β-Galp-(1→, and→3)-α-Galp-(1→. In vivo activity assays showed that BCP80-2 significantly suppressed neoplasmic growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis in zebrafish. Mechanistic studies have shown that BCP80-2 inhibited cell migration of HepG2 cells by suppressing the FAK signaling pathway. Moreover, BCP80-2 also activated immunomodulation and upregulated the secretion of co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD86, CD80, and MHC-II. In conclusion, BCP80-2 inhibited tumor progression by targeting the FAK signaling pathway and activating CD40-induced adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Hao S, Ge P, Su W, Wang Y, Abd El-Aty AM, Tan M. Steady-State Delivery and Chemical Modification of Food Nutrients to Improve Cancer Intervention Ability. Foods 2024; 13:1363. [PMID: 38731734 PMCID: PMC11083276 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a crucial global health problem, and prevention is an important strategy to reduce the burden of the disease. Daily diet is the key modifiable risk factor for cancer, and an increasing body of evidence suggests that specific nutrients in foods may have a preventive effect against cancer. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of nutrients from foods in cancer intervention. It discusses the potential mechanisms of action of various dietary components, including phytochemicals, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. The findings of epidemiological and clinical studies on their association with cancer risk are highlighted. The foods are rich in bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, flavonoids, and ω-3 fatty acids, which have been proven to have anticancer properties. The effects of steady-state delivery and chemical modification of these food's bioactive components on anticancer and intervention are summarized. Future research should focus on identifying the specific bioactive compounds in foods responsible for their intervention effects and exploring the potential synergistic effects of combining different nutrients in foods. Dietary interventions that incorporate multiple nutrients and whole foods may hold promise for reducing the risk of cancer and improving overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.H.); (P.G.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Peng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.H.); (P.G.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wentao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.H.); (P.G.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.H.); (P.G.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mingqian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.H.); (P.G.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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24
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Zhu X, Yang G, Shen Y, Niu L, Peng Y, Chen H, Li H, Yang X. Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities of Quinoa Polysaccharides. Molecules 2024; 29:1576. [PMID: 38611855 PMCID: PMC11013414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinoa, known as the "golden grain" for its high nutritional value, has polysaccharides as one of its sources of important nutrients. However, the biological functions of quinoa polysaccharides remain understudied. In this study, two crude polysaccharide extracts of quinoa (Q-40 and Q-60) were obtained through sequential precipitation with 40% and 60% ethanol, with purities of 58.29% (HPLC) and 62.15% (HPLC) and a protein content of 8.27% and 9.60%, respectively. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that Q-40 contained glucose (Glc), galacturonic acid (GalA), and arabinose (Ara) in a molar ratio of 0.967:0.027:0.006. Q-60 was composed of xylose (xyl), arabinose (Ara), galactose, and galacturonic acid (GalA) with a molar ratio of 0.889:0.036:0.034:0.020. The average molecular weight of Q-40 ranged from 47,484 to 626,488 Da, while Q-60 showed a range of 10,025 to 47,990 Da. Rheological experiments showed that Q-40 exhibited higher viscosity, while Q-60 demonstrated more elastic properties. Remarkably, Q-60 showed potent antioxidant abilities, with scavenging rates of 98.49% for DPPH and 57.5% for ABTS. Antibacterial experiments using the microdilution method revealed that Q-40 inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), while Q-60 specifically inhibited MRSA. At lower concentrations, both polysaccharides inhibited MDA (MD Anderson Cancer Center) cell proliferation, but at higher concentrations, they promoted proliferation. Similar proliferation-promoting effects were observed in HepG2 cells. The research provides important information in the application of quinoa in the food and functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucheng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Guiyan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Yingbin Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Liqiong Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Yao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Haiting Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Haimei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Xinquan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (L.N.); (Y.P.); (H.C.)
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25
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Chi Y, Li Y, Ding C, Liu X, Luo M, Wang Z, Bi Y, Luo S. Structural and biofunctional diversity of sulfated polysaccharides from the genus Codium (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta): A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130364. [PMID: 38401579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
It is believed that polysaccharides will become a focal point for future production of food, pharmaceuticals, and materials due to their ubiquitous and renewable nature, as well as their exceptional properties that have been extensively validated in the fields of nutrition, healthcare, and materials. Sulfated polysaccharides derived from seaweed sources have attracted considerable attention owing to their distinctive structures and properties. The genus Codium, represented by the species C. fragile, holds significance as a vital economic green seaweed and serves as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. To date, the cell walls of the genus Codium have been found to contain at least four types of sulfated polysaccharides, specifically pyruvylated β-d-galactan sulfates, sulfated arabinogalactans, sulfated β-l-arabinans, and sulfated β-d-mannans. These sulfated polysaccharides exhibit diverse biofunctions, including anticoagulant, immune-enhancing, anticancer, antioxidant activities, and drug-carrying capacity. This review explores the structural and biofunctional diversity of sulfated polysaccharides derived from the genus Codium. Additionally, in addressing the impending challenges within the industrialization of these polysaccharides, encompassing concerns regarding scale-up production and quality control, we outline potential strategies to address these challenges from the perspectives of raw materials, extraction processes, purification technologies, and methods for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhou Chi
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Chengcheng Ding
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Meilin Luo
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Yanhong Bi
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Si Luo
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
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26
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Zhang Q, Xu Y, Xie L, Shu X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Wang H, Dong Q, Peng W. The function and application of edible fungal polysaccharides. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 127:45-142. [PMID: 38763529 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Edible fungi, commonly known as mushrooms, are precious medicinal and edible homologous gifts from nature to us. Edible fungal polysaccharides (EFPs) are a variety of bioactive macromolecular which isolated from fruiting bodies, mycelia or fermentation broths of edible or medicinal fungus. Increasing researches have confirmed that EFPs possess multiple biological activities both in vitro and in vivo settings, including antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and regulating intestinal flora activities. As a result, they have emerged as a prominent focus in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Fungal EFPs have safe, non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible properties with low immunogenicity, bioadhesion ability, and antibacterial activities, presenting diverse potential applications in the food industries, cosmetic, biomedical, packaging, and new materials. Moreover, varying raw materials, extraction, purification, chemical modification methods, and culture conditions can result in variances in the structure and biological activities of EFPs. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensively and systematically organized information on the structure, modification, biological activities, and potential applications of EFPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. This review provides new insights and a theoretical basis for prospective investigations and advancements in EFPs in fields such as medicine, food, and new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Yingyin Xu
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Liyuan Xie
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Xueqin Shu
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Shilin Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Haixia Wang
- Horticulture Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, P.R. China.
| | - Qian Dong
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Weihong Peng
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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27
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Yang Y, Fan R, Li H, Chen H, Gong H, Guo G. Polysaccharides as a promising platform for the treatment of spinal cord injury: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121672. [PMID: 38171685 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is incurable and often results in irreversible damage to motor function and autonomic sensory abilities. To enhance the effectiveness of therapeutic substances such as cells, growth factors, drugs, and nucleic acids for treating spinal cord injuries, as well as to reduce the toxic side effects of chemical reagents, polysaccharides have been gained attention due to their immunomodulatory properties and the biocompatibility and biodegradability of polysaccharide scaffolds. Polysaccharides hold potential as drug delivery systems in treating spinal cord injuries. This article aims to present an extensive evaluation of the potential applications of polysaccharide materials in scaffold construction, drug delivery, and immunomodulation over the past five years so that offering new directions and opportunities for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rangrang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hanlin Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang N, Chen X. Structurally Modified Polysaccharides: Physicochemical Properties, Biological Activities, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3259-3276. [PMID: 38308635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are an important class of biomolecules derived from several sources. However, the inherent structure of polysaccharides prevents them from exhibiting favorable physicochemical properties, which restricts their development in agriculture, industry, food, and biomedicine. This paper systematically summarizes the changes in the primary and advanced structures of modified polysaccharides, and focuses on the effects of various modification methods on the hydrophobicity, rheological properties, emulsifying properties, antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides. Then there is a list the applications of modified polysaccharides in treating heavy metal pollutants, purifying water resources, improving beverage stability and bread quality, and precisely delivering the drug. When summarized and reviewed, the information above can shed further light on the relationship between polysaccharide structure and function. Determining the structure-activity relationship provides a scientific basis for the direction of molecular modifications of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Zhao WX, Wang T, Zhang YN, Chen Q, Wang Y, Xing YQ, Zheng J, Duan CC, Chen LJ, Zhao HJ, Wang SJ. Molecular Mechanism of Polysaccharides Extracted from Chinese Medicine Targeting Gut Microbiota for Promoting Health. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:171-180. [PMID: 35583582 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accumulating evidence revealed that gut microbiota plays an important role in pathological process of disease including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Polysaccharides extracted from Chinese medicine (CM) can not only alleviate pathological status but also promote health by anti-inflammatory, regulating immunity, lowering blood glucose and lipids, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidation. The alterations of gut microbiota composition and metabolism pathways are the potential mechanisms of CM polysaccharides treatment. In addition, they exert functions through gut-organ axis or play an indirect role by synergistic actions with other drugs or components mediated by gut microbiota. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of CM polysaccharides interacted with intestinal microbial inhabitants as potential prebiotics for promoting health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiao Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yan-Qing Xing
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Chen-Chen Duan
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhao
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
| | - Shi-Jun Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
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Feng L, Shi Y, Zou J, Zhang X, Zhai B, Guo D, Sun J, Wang M, Luan F. Recent advances in Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides: Preparation techniques, structural features, and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129047. [PMID: 38171434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Platycodon grandiflorum, a globally recognized medicinal and edible plant, possesses significant nutritional value and pharmacological value. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effects of tonifying the spleen and replenishing the Qi, moistening the lung and relieving the cough, clearing the heat and detoxifying, and relieving the pain. Accumulating evidence has revealed that the polysaccharides from P. grandiflorum (PGPs) are one of the major and representative biologically active macromolecules and have diverse biological activities, such as immunomodulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-tumor activity, regulation of the gut microbiota, anti-oxidant activity, anti-apoptosis activity, anti-angiogenesis activity, hypoglycemic activity, anti-microbial activity, and so on. Although the polysaccharides extracted from P. grandiflorum have been extensively studied for the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, and pharmacological activities, the knowledge of their structures and bioactivity relationship, toxicologic effects, and pharmacokinetic profile is limited. The main purpose of the present review is to provide comprehensively and systematically reorganized information on extraction and purification, structure characterizations, and biological functions as well as toxicities of PGPs to support their therapeutic potentials and sanitarian functions. New valuable insights for future research regarding PGPs were also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lile Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Bingtao Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Xiao QH, Li ZZ, Ren L, Wang SY, Li XQ, Bai HX, Qiao RZ, Tang N, Liu WJ, Wang JM, Ma GY, Dong DC, Wu KH, Cao W. α-Glucan derivatives as selective blockers of aldolase A: Computer-aided structure optimization and the effects on HCC. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121566. [PMID: 38008473 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Aldolase A (ALDOA) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and is a potential therapeutic target. A previous study found an α-D-glucan (α-D-(1,6)-Glcp-α-D-(1,4)-Glcp, 10.0:1.0), named HDPS-4II, that could specifically inhibit ALDOA but its activity was not high enough. In this study, the derivatives of α-D-glucan binding to ALDOA were optimized using molecular docking, and its sulfated modification demonstrated the highest affinity with ALDOA among sulfated, carboxylated, and aminated derivatives. Sulfated HDPS-4II and dextrans with different molecular weights (1000 Da, 3000 Da, and 4000 Da) were prepared. Using MST assay, 3-O-sulfated HDPS-4II (SHDPS-4II) and 1000 Da dextran (SDextran1) showed higher affinities to ALDOA with Kd of 1.83 μM and 85.04 μM, respectively. Furthermore, SHDPS-4II and SDextran1 markedly inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo by blocking ALDOA. These results demonstrate that sulfated modification of α-D-glucans could enhance their affinities with ALDOA and anti-HCC effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Han Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ze-Zhi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shu-Yao Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Xin Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Qiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Na Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing-Mei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dian-Chao Dong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ke-Han Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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32
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Ying Y, Hao W. Corrigendum: Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: a review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1361355. [PMID: 38264646 PMCID: PMC10804138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1361355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147641.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ying
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Hao
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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33
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Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xu H. Potential therapeutic target for polysaccharide inhibition of colon cancer progression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1325491. [PMID: 38264044 PMCID: PMC10804854 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1325491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, colon cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, posing a great threat to human health. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides have rich biological activities and medicinal value, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and immune-enhancing effects, especially with potential anti-colon cancer mechanisms. Natural polysaccharides can not only protect and enhance the homeostasis of the intestinal environment but also exert a direct inhibition effect on cancer cells, making it a promising strategy for treating colon cancer. Preliminary clinical experiments have demonstrated that oral administration of low and high doses of citrus pectin polysaccharides can reduce tumor volume in mice by 38% (p < 0.02) and 70% (p < 0.001), respectively. These results are encouraging. However, there are relatively few clinical studies on the effectiveness of polysaccharide therapy for colon cancer, and ensuring the effective bioavailability of polysaccharides in the body remains a challenge. In this article, we elucidate the impact of the physicochemical factors of polysaccharides on their anticancer effects and then reveal the anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides on colon cancer. Finally, we emphasize the challenges of using polysaccharides in the treatment of colon cancer and discuss future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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34
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Liu Q, Song B, Tong S, Yang Q, Zhao H, Guo J, Tian X, Chang R, Wu J. Research Progress on the Anticancer Activity of Plant Polysaccharides. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2024; 19:573-598. [PMID: 37724671 DOI: 10.2174/1574892819666230915103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumor is a serious threat to human health, with extremely high morbidity and mortality rates. However, tumor treatment is challenging, and the development of antitumor drugs has always been a significant research focus. Plant polysaccharides are known to possess various biological activities. They have many pharmacological properties such as immunomodulation, antitumor, antiviral, antioxidative, antithrombotic, and antiradiation effects, reduction of blood pressure and blood sugar levels, and protection from liver injury. Among these effects, the antitumor effect of plant polysaccharides has been widely studied. Plant polysaccharides can inhibit tumor proliferation and growth by inhibiting tumor cell invasion and metastasis, inducing cell apoptosis, affecting the cell cycle, and regulating the tumor microenvironment. They also have the characteristics of safety, high efficiency, and low toxicity, which can alleviate, to a certain extent, the adverse reactions caused by traditional tumor treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Therefore, this paper systematically summarizes the direct antitumor effects of plant polysaccharides, their regulatory effects on the tumor microenvironment, and intervening many common high-incidence tumors in other ways. It also provides data support for the administration of plant polysaccharides in modern tumor drug therapy, enabling the identification of new targets and development of new drugs for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Liu
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Song
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Sen Tong
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuqiong Yang
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jia Guo
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xuexia Tian
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Renjie Chang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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35
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Li Q, Yang Y, Li Y, Mi Y, Ma X, Jiang A, Guo Z. Enhanced biological activities of coumarin-functionalized polysaccharide derivatives: Chemical modification and activity assessment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126691. [PMID: 37673148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are abundant and renewable resource, but their applications are hampered by limited biological activity. Chemical modification can overcome these drawbacks by altering their structure. Three series of polysaccharide derivatives with coumarins were synthesized to obtain polysaccharide derivatives with enhanced biological activity. The biological activities were tested, including antioxidant property, antifungal property, and antibacterial property. Based on the results, the inhibitory properties of the coumarin-polysaccharide derivatives were significantly improved over the raw polysaccharide. The IC50 of the inhibition of DPPH, ABTS•+, and superoxide (O2•-) radical-scavenging was 0.06-0.15 mg/mL, 2.3-15.9 μg/mL, and 0.03-0.25 mg/mL, respectively. Compared with the raw polysaccharides, coumarin- polysaccharide derivatives exhibited higher efficacy in inhibiting the growth of tested phytopathogens, showing inhibitory indices of 60.0-93.6 % at 1.0 mg/mL. Chitosan derivatives with methyl and chlorine (Compound 10B and 10C) exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 31.2 μg/mL), E. coli (MIC = 7.8 μg/mL), and V. harveyi (MIC = 15.6 μg/mL), respectively. The results of the cytotoxicity assay showed no observed cytotoxicity when the RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with the synthesized polysaccharide derivatives at the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yunhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yijian Li
- College of Chemisry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yingqi Mi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Shandong Saline-Alkali Land Modern Agriculture Company, Dongying 257300, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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36
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Km S, Ravishankar K, Lobo NP, Baskar R, Raghavachari D. Solvent-less carboxymethylation-induced electrostatic crosslinking of chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126633. [PMID: 37659501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The successful N-carboxymethylation and concomitant crosslinking of solid chitosan upon heating its mixture with solid monochloroacetic acid, without the use of solvents or catalysts, is reported. The N-carboxymethylation was confirmed through the analysis of the partially depolymerized product using NMR spectroscopy, as well as a control reaction with lysine. This transformation was facilitated by the nucleophilic nature of the free amine group in the repeating unit of chitosan, which possesses lone pair of electrons capable of attacking the carbon center bearing the leaving group and displacing the leaving group in a concerted manner. The crosslinking, on the other hand, was established by the observed insolubility in aqueous acidic solutions, even when subjected to prolonged heating at 60 °C. This crosslinking occurs due to the electrostatic interactions between the carboxylate groups and the adjacent ammonium groups, as supported by evidence from FTIR spectroscopy and a control reaction involving ethyl chloroacetate. The resulting crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan demonstrated its usefulness in the adsorption of methyl orange and fluorescein, as well as functioning as an organic catalyst for aza-Michael addition, Hantzsch reaction, and substituted perimidine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Km
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kartik Ravishankar
- Polymer Science and Technology Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin Prakash Lobo
- Centre for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation & Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramaganthan Baskar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhamodharan Raghavachari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zayed A, Al-Saedi DA, Mensah EO, Kanwugu ON, Adadi P, Ulber R. Fucoidan's Molecular Targets: A Comprehensive Review of Its Unique and Multiple Targets Accounting for Promising Bioactivities Supported by In Silico Studies. Mar Drugs 2023; 22:29. [PMID: 38248653 PMCID: PMC10820140 DOI: 10.3390/md22010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a class of multifunctional polysaccharides derived from marine organisms. Its unique and diversified physicochemical and chemical properties have qualified them for potential and promising pharmacological uses in human diseases, including inflammation, tumors, immunity disorders, kidney diseases, and diabetes. Physicochemical and chemical properties are the main contributors to these bioactivities. The previous literature has attributed such activities to its ability to target key enzymes and receptors involved in potential disease pathways, either directly or indirectly, where the anionic sulfate ester groups are mainly involved in these interactions. These findings also confirm the advantageous pharmacological uses of sulfated versus non-sulfated polysaccharides. The current review shall highlight the molecular targets of fucoidans, especially enzymes, and the subsequent responses via either the upregulation or downregulation of mediators' expression in various tissue abnormalities. In addition, in silico studies will be applied to support the previous findings and show the significant contributors. The current review may help in understanding the molecular mechanisms of fucoidan. Also, the findings of this review may be utilized in the design of specific oligomers inspired by fucoidan with the purpose of treating life-threatening human diseases effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zayed
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Guish Street (Medical Campus), Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Dalal A. Al-Saedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Emmanuel Ofosu Mensah
- Faculty of Ecotechnology, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia;
| | - Osman Nabayire Kanwugu
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Mira Street 28, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia;
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Parise Adadi
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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38
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Heng BL, Wu FY, Liu JH, Ouyang JM. Antioxidant Activity of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights and Cytotoxicity Difference of Polysaccharides Regulated CaOx to HK-2 Cells. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:9968886. [PMID: 38161486 PMCID: PMC10757664 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9968886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals regulated by Auricularia auricular polysaccharides (AAPs) with different viscosity-average molecular weights (Mv), the toxicity of AAP-regulated CaOx crystals toward HK-2 cells, and the prevention and treatment capabilities of AAPs for CaOx stones. Methods The scavenging capability and reducing capacity of four kinds of AAPs (Mv of 31.52, 11.82, 5.86, and 3.34 kDa) on hydroxyl, ABTS, and DPPH free radicals and their capability to chelate divalent iron ions were detected. AAP-regulated CaOx crystals were evaluated by using zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The cytotoxicity of AAP-regulated crystals was evaluated through examination of cell viability, cell death, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and cell surface hyaluronic acid (HA) expression. Results The in vitro antioxidant activities of the four AAPs were observed in the following order: AAP0 < AAP1 < AAP2 < AAP3. Thus, AAP3, which had the smallest Mv, had the strongest antioxidant activity. AAPs can inhibit the growth of CaOx monohydrate (COM), induce the formation of CaOx dihydrate (COD), and reduce the degree of crystal aggregation, with AAP3 exhibiting the strongest capability. Cell experiments showed the lowest cytotoxicity in AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals, along with the lowest MDA content, HA expression, and cell mortality. In addition, COD presented less cytotoxicity than COM. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of blunt crystals was less than that of sharp crystals. Conclusion AAPs, particularly AAP3, showed an excellent antioxidative capability in vitro, and AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals presented minimal cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Li Heng
- Yingde Center, Institute of Kidney Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde, China
| | - Fan-Yu Wu
- Yingde Center, Institute of Kidney Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liu
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Gao X, Homayoonfal M. Exploring the anti-cancer potential of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) and their versatile role in enhancing drug delivery systems: a multifaceted approach to combat cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:324. [PMID: 38104078 PMCID: PMC10724890 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a growing global interest in the potential health benefits of edible natural bioactive products in recent years. Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom, has gained attention for its decadent array of therapeutic and pharmaceutical compounds. Notably, G. lucidum exhibits significant anti-cancer effects against various cancer types. Polysaccharides, a prominent component in G. lucidum, are pivotal in conferring its diverse biological and medicinal properties. The primary focus of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer activities of G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs), with particular attention to their potential to mitigate chemotherapy-associated toxicity and enhance targeted drug delivery. Our findings reveal that GLPs exhibit anti-cancer effects through diverse mechanisms, including cytotoxicity, antioxidative properties, apoptosis induction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and anti-proliferative effects. Furthermore, the potential of GLPs-based nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery vehicles for bioactive constituents was explored. These GLPs-based NPs are designed to target various cancer tissues, enhancing the biological activity of encapsulated compounds. As such, GLPs derived from G. lucidum represent a promising avenue for inhibiting cancer progression, minimizing chemotherapy-related side effects, and supporting their utilization in combination therapies as natural adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Gao
- Department of Life Science, Lyuliang University, Lyuliang, 033001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. of Iran.
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Huang X, Li S, Ding R, Li Y, Li C, Gu R. Antitumor effects of polysaccharides from medicinal lower plants: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126313. [PMID: 37579902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, yet the drugs currently approved for cancer treatment are associated with significant side effects, making it urgent to develop alternative drugs with low side effects. Polysaccharides are natural polymers with ketone or aldehyde groups, which are widely found in plants and have various biological activities such as immunomodulation, antitumor and hypolipidemic. The lower plants have attracted much attention for their outstanding anticancer effects, and many studies have shown that medicinal lower plant polysaccharides (MLPPs) have antitumor activity against various cancers and are promising alternatives with potential development in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Therefore, this review describes the structure and mechanism of action of MLPPs with antitumor activity. In addition, the application of MLPPs in cancer treatment is discussed, and the future development of MLPPs is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Canlin Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Kuzmich AS, Romanenko LA, Kokoulin MS. Cell-cycle arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induction in T-47D cells by the capsular polysaccharide from the marine bacterium Kangiella japonica KMM 3897. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121237. [PMID: 37659798 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we reported the in vitro mechanisms of antiproliferative activity of capsular polysaccharide derived from marine Gram-negative bacteria Kangiella japonica KMM 3897 in human breast сarcinoma T-47D cells. Flow cytometric and Western blot analysis revealed that capsular polysaccharide effectively suppressed T-47D cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, polysaccharide influenced the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways. The results of this study would enrich our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the anti-cancer activity of sulfated polysaccharides from marine Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Kuzmich
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159/2, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Lyudmila A Romanenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159/2, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Maxim S Kokoulin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159/2, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
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Yu YH, Zhao XH. Longan Polysaccharides with Covalent Selenylation Combat the Fumonisin B1-Induced Cell Toxicity and Barrier Disruption in Intestinal Epithelial (IEC-6) Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:4679. [PMID: 37960333 PMCID: PMC10650868 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the soluble, but non-digestible, longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) polysaccharides (LP) were extracted from dried longan fruits and then chemically selenylated to produce two selenylated products, namely SeLP1 and SeLP2, with different selenylation extents. The aim was to investigate their protective effects on rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells exposed to the food toxin fumonisin B1 (FB1). LP only contained total Se content of less than 0.01 g/kg, while SeLP1 and SeLP2 were measured with respective total Se content of up to 1.46 and 4.79 g/kg. The cell viability results showed that these two selenylated products were more efficient than LP in the IEC-6 cells in alleviating FB1-induced cell toxicity, suppressing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and decreasing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). These two selenylated products were also more effective than LP in combating FB1-induced barrier disruption via increasing the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER), reducing the paracellular permeability, decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, and maintaining cell barrier integrity by upregulating the tight-junction-related genes and proteins. FB1 caused cell oxidative stress and barrier dysfunction by activating the MAPK and mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathways, while SeLP1 and SeLP2 could regulate the tMAPK- and apoptosis-related proteins to suppress the FB1-mediated activation of the two pathways. Overall, SeLP2 was observed to be more active than SeLP1 in the IEC-6 cells. In conclusion, the chemical selenylation of LP caused an activity enhancement to ameliorate the FB1-induced cell cytotoxicity and intestinal barrier disruption. Meanwhile, the increased selenylation of LP would endow the selenylated product SeLP2 with more activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Yu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Yang X, Li M, Yip RCS, Li Y, Chen H. Current application and modification strategy of marine polysaccharides in tissue regeneration: A review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213580. [PMID: 37634336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides (MPs) are exceptional bioactive materials that possess unique biochemical mechanisms and pharmacological stability, making them ideal for various tissue engineering applications. Certain MPs, including agarose, alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, and glucan have been successfully employed as biological scaffolds in animal studies. As carriers of signaling molecules, scaffolds can enhance the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of somatic cells, thereby significantly improving the tissue regeneration process. However, the biological benefits of pure MPs composite scaffold are limited. Therefore, physical, chemical, enzyme modification and other methods are employed to expand its efficacy. Chemically, the structural properties of MPs scaffolds can be altered through modifications to functional groups or molecular weight reduction, thereby enhancing their biological activities. Physically, MPs hydrogels and sponges emulate the natural extracellular matrix, creating a more conducive environment for tissue repair. The porosity and high permeability of MPs membranes and nanomaterials expedite wound healing. This review explores the distinctive properties and applications of select MPs in tissue regeneration, highlighting their structural versatility and biological applicability. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of common modification strategies employed for MP scaffolds. In conclusion, MPs have significant potential and are expected to be a novel regenerative material for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Man Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Wang J, Viola M, Migliorini C, Paoletti L, Arpicco S, Di Meo C, Matricardi P. Polysaccharide-Based Nanogels to Overcome Mucus, Skin, Cornea, and Blood-Brain Barriers: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2508. [PMID: 37896268 PMCID: PMC10610445 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers have been extensively developed in the biomedical field to enhance the treatment of various diseases. However, to effectively deliver therapeutic agents to desired target tissues and enhance their pharmacological activity, these nanocarriers must overcome biological barriers, such as mucus gel, skin, cornea, and blood-brain barriers. Polysaccharides possess qualities such as excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, unique biological properties, and good accessibility, making them ideal materials for constructing drug delivery carriers. Nanogels, as a novel drug delivery platform, consist of three-dimensional polymer networks at the nanoscale, offering a promising strategy for encapsulating different pharmaceutical agents, prolonging retention time, and enhancing penetration. These attractive properties offer great potential for the utilization of polysaccharide-based nanogels as drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers. Hence, this review discusses the properties of various barriers and the associated constraints, followed by summarizing the most recent development of polysaccharide-based nanogels in drug delivery to overcome biological barriers. It is expected to provide inspiration and motivation for better design and development of polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems to enhance bioavailability and efficacy while minimizing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Marco Viola
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Claudia Migliorini
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Luca Paoletti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Silvia Arpicco
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy;
| | - Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Pietro Matricardi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy; (J.W.); (M.V.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (C.D.M.)
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45
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Yang Y, Wang P, Ji Z, Xu X, Zhang H, Wang Y. Polysaccharide‑platinum complexes for cancer theranostics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120997. [PMID: 37230639 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Platinum anticancer drugs have been explored and developed in recent years to reduce systematic toxicities and resist drug resistance. Polysaccharides derived from nature have abundant structures as well as pharmacological activities. The review provides insights on the design, synthesis, characterization and associating therapeutic application of platinum complexes with polysaccharides that are classified by electronic charge. The complexes give birth to multifunctional properties with enhanced drug accumulation, improved tumor selectivity and achieved synergistic antitumor effect in cancer therapy. Several techniques developing polysaccharides-based carriers newly are also discussed. Moreover, the lasted immunoregulatory activities of innate immune reactions triggered by polysaccharides are summarized. Finally, we discuss the current shortcomings and outline potential strategies for improving platinum-based personalized cancer treatment. Using platinum-polysaccharides complexes for improving the immunotherapy efficiency represents a promising framework in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Breeding Pollution Control and Resource, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| | - Pengge Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Zengrui Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
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Xie L, Shen M, Huang R, Liu X, Yu Y, Lu H, Xie J. Apoptosis of colon cancer CT-26 cells induced polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus and its phosphorylated derivative via intrinsic mitochondrial passway. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Soumya MP, Nampoothiri KM. Evaluation of improved biological properties of chemically modified exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum BR2. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:308. [PMID: 37608913 PMCID: PMC10441841 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work engrosses the production and further chemical modifications of EPS produced by Lactobacillus plantarum BR2 and subsequent evaluation of their biological properties showed greater antioxidant properties for the derivatives compared to its native unmodified form. Of the three derivatives, acetylated EPS (a-EPS), carboxymethylated EPS (Cm-EPS), and sulphated EPS (s-EPS), a-EPS exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. At all tested concentrations, a-EPS showed higher scavenging activity, and a maximum activity of 73.81% at 2 mg/mL. Meanwhile, s-EPS showed the highest reducing power potential and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. At 2 mg/mL concentration, the order of reducing power was observed to be s-EPS (41.39%) > a-EPS (37.43%) > Cm-EPS (24.02) > BR2 control EPS (16%) and the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity for the s-EPS was 54.43%. The highest reducing power activity exhibited by s-EPS is 2.6-fold higher and a 1.5-fold increase in the scavenging activity of native BR2 EPS after the sulphonyl group addition was observed. The increase in these activities is due to the addition of various functional groups that contributes largely to the scavenging abilities of different free radicals. The s-EPS and Cm-EPS derivatives also exhibited increased cholesterol-lowering activity of 40 and 34.5%, respectively, than the native EPS. Interestingly, there were hardly any inhibitions on cell growth and viability of normal L929 fibroblast cell lines upon treatment with these EPSes. The improved antioxidant properties resulting from chemical modification opened better avenues for EPS application in the food and pharma sectors. Thus, the potentiality of chemically modified EPS may be explored further in the development of functional foods. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03718-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Soumya
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - K. Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Liu T, Ren Q, Wang S, Gao J, Shen C, Zhang S, Wang Y, Guan F. Chemical Modification of Polysaccharides: A Review of Synthetic Approaches, Biological Activity and the Structure-Activity Relationship. Molecules 2023; 28:6073. [PMID: 37630326 PMCID: PMC10457902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular substances with great potential owing to their wide biological activity and low toxicity. However, not all polysaccharides have significant pharmacodynamic activity; hence, appropriate chemical modification methods can be selected according to the unique structural characteristics of polysaccharides to assist in enhancing and promoting the presentation of their biological activities. This review summarizes research progress on modified polysaccharides, including common chemical modification methods, the change in biological activity following modification, and the factors affecting the biological activity of chemically modified polysaccharides. At the same time, the difficulties and challenges associated with the structural modification of natural polysaccharides are also outlined in this review. Thus, research on polysaccharide structure modification is critical for improving the development and utilization of sugar products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Qianqian Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jianing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Congcong Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Feng Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
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Wang X, Li Y, Liu W, Shen Y, Lin Z, Nakajima A, Xu J, Guo Y. A polysaccharide from Inula japonica showing in vivo antitumor activity by interacting with TLR-4, PD-1, and VEGF. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125555. [PMID: 37364807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides, an important class of carbohydrate polymers, are considered as one of the sources of drug molecules. To discover bioactive polysaccharides as potential agents against cancer, a homogeneous polysaccharide (IJP70-1) has been purified from the flowers of Inula japonica, which is a traditional medicinal plant used for various medical indications. IJP70-1 with a molecular weight of 1.019 × 105 Da was mainly composed of →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →2,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →2,3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-α-d-Galp-(1→, and t-α-l-Araf. Apart from the characteristics and structure elucidated by various techniques, the in vivo antitumor activity of IJP70-1 was assayed using zebrafish models. In the subsequent mechanism investigation, it was found that the in vivo antitumor activity of IJP70-1 was not cytotoxic mechanism caused, but related to the activation of the immune system and inhibition of angiogenesis by interacting with the proteins toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The chemical and biological studies have shown that the homogeneous polysaccharide IJP70-1 has the potential to be developed into an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongye Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Akira Nakajima
- Department of Applied Biology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China.
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Vanleenhove B, Xu L, De Meester S, Raes K. Impact of Stabilization Technology on the Extraction Yield and Functionality of Macroconstituents from Biomass: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37329514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomass contains different macroconstituents (polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins) with nutritional and functional properties. However, after harvest or processing, stabilization of biomass is necessary to preserve the macroconstituents from degradation by microbial growth and enzymatic reactions. Because these stabilization methods affect the structure of the biomass, extraction of valuable macroconstituents can be impacted. Literature, in general, focuses on either stabilization or extraction, but systematic information on the interlinkage between these processes has rarely been reported. This review summarizes recent research on physical, biological, and chemical stabilization methods on macroconstituent extraction yields and functionalities. Often, freeze drying as a stabilization method resulted in a good extraction yield and functionality, independent of the macroconstituent. Less documented treatments, such as microwave drying, infrared drying, and ultrasound stabilization, result in better yields compared to conventional physical treatments. Biological and chemical treatments were rarely performed but could be promising as stabilization methods before performing an extraction step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Vanleenhove
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Lin Xu
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Steven De Meester
- Department of Green Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Katleen Raes
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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