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Michel S, Atmakuri A, von Ehrenstein OS. Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and congenital heart defects: An umbrella review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108076. [PMID: 37454629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants has been linked to congenital heart defects (CHD), but findings of existing systematic reviews have been mixed. OBJECTIVE To assess the epidemiological evidence on associations between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and CHD subtypes, based on a systematic overview of reviews ("umbrella review"). METHODS We conducted a systematic search for reviews assessing associations between prenatal exposure to criteria air pollutants and CHD. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool. The certainty of the systematic review findings was graded using the Navigation Guide methodology. RESULTS We identified eleven systematic reviews, including eight with meta-analyses, assessing in total 35 primary studies of prenatal exposure to criteria air pollutants and various CHD subtypes. The certainty of the findings of four meta-analyses indicating an increased risk for coarctation of the aorta associated with nitrogen dioxide exposure was rated as moderate. The certainty of findings indicating positive, inverse, or null associations for other pollutant-subtype combinations was rated as very low to low, based on low precision and high statistical heterogeneity of summary odds ratios (SOR), substantial inconsistencies between review findings, and methodological limitations of the systematic reviews. DISCUSSION The inconsistent findings and high statistical heterogeneity of many SOR of the included systematic reviews may partly be traced to differences in methodological approaches, and the risk of bias across included reviews (e.g., inclusion criteria, systematic search strategies, synthesis methods) and primary studies (e.g., exposure assessment, diagnostic criteria). Adherence to appropriate systematic review guidelines for environmental health research, as well as rigorous evaluation of risk of bias in primary studies, are essential for future risk assessments and policy-making. Still, our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants may increase risks for at least some CHD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Michel
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Aishwarya Atmakuri
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ondine S von Ehrenstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chaithra S, Agarwala S, Ramachandra NB. High-risk genes involved in common septal defects of congenital heart disease. Gene 2022; 840:146745. [PMID: 35863714 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The septation defect is one of the main categories of congenital heart disease (CHD). They can affect the septation of the atria leading to atrial septal defect (ASD), septation of ventricles leading to ventricular septal defect (VSD), and formation of the central part of the heart leading to atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Disruption of critical genetic factors involved in the proper development of the heart structure leads to CHD manifestation. Because of this, to identify the high-risk genes involved in common septal defects, a comprehensive search of the literature with the help of databases and the WebGestalt analysis tool was performed. The high-risk genes identified in the analysis were checked in 16 Indian whole-exome sequenced samples, including 13 VSD and three Tetralogy of Fallot for in silico validation. This data revealed three variations in GATA4, i.e., c.C1223A at exon 6: c.C602A and c.C1220A at exon 7; and one variation in MYH6, i.e., c.G3883C at exon 28 in two VSD cases. This study supports previously published studies that suggested GATA4 and MYH6 as the high-risk genes responsible for septal defects. Thus, this study contributes to a better understanding of the genes involved in heart development by identifying the high-risk genes and interacting proteins in the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaithra
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - Swati Agarwala
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - N B Ramachandra
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India.
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Zeng ZH, Chen HX, Liu XC, Yang Q, He GW. Functional significance of novel variants of the MEF2C gene promoter in congenital ventricular septal defects. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2397-2405. [PMID: 35719119 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease. Although the coding region of MEF2C is highly relevant to cardiac malformations, the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in VSD patients has not been genetically investigated. We investigated the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in 400 Han Chinese subjects (200 patients with isolated and sporadic VSD and 200 healthy controls). The promoter region of the MEF2C gene was sequenced that identified 10 variants. Expression vectors encompassing the variants and the firefly luciferase reporter gene plasmid (pGL3-basic) were constructed and subsequently transfected into HEK-293 cells. The luciferase activities were measured by Dual-luciferase reporter assay system. MEF2C gene promoter transcriptional activity was significantly reduced in 4 of the 10 variants in HEK-293 cells (P < 0.05). In addition, the JASPAR database was used to perform bioinformatics analysis, which showed that these variants disrupt the putative binding sites of transcription factors and affected the expression of MEF2C protein. This study for the first time identified the variants in the promoter of the MEF2C gene in Han Chinese population and revealed the role of these variants in the formation of VSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Zeng
- The Institute of Cardiovascualr Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascualr Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- The Institute of Cardiovascualr Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Yang
- The Institute of Cardiovascualr Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- The Institute of Cardiovascualr Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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4
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Congenital heart disease: pathology, natural history, and interventions. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Down-regulation of the insulin signaling pathway by SHC may correlate with congenital heart disease in Chinese populations. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:349-358. [PMID: 31971563 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common and severe congenital defects. The incidence of fetal cardiac malformation is increased in the context of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Therefore, we wanted to determine whether abnormalities in the insulin signaling pathway are associated with the occurrence of nonsyndromic CHD (ns-CHD). METHODS We used digital gene expression profiling (DGE) of right atrial myocardial tissue samples from eight ns-CHD patients and four controls. The genes potentially associated with CHD were validated by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis of right atrial myocardial tissues from 37 patients and 10 controls and the H9C2 cell line. RESULTS The results showed that the insulin signaling pathway, which is mediated by the SHC gene family, was inhibited in the ns-CHD patients. The expression levels of five genes (PTPRF, SHC4, MAP2K2, MKNK2, and ELK1) in the pathway were significantly down-regulated in the patients' atrial tissues (P<0.05 for all). In vitro, the H9C2 cells cultured in high glucose (33 mmol/l) expressed less SHC4, MAP2K2, and Elk-1 than those cultured in low glucose (25 mmol/l). Furthermore, the high glucose concentration down-regulated the 25 genes associated with blood vessel development based on Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analyses of RNA-seq data. CONCLUSION We considered that changes in the insulin signaling pathway mediated by SHC might be involved in the heart development process. This mechanism might account for the increase in the incidence of fetal cardiac malformations in the context of GDM.
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Kolomenski JE, Delea M, Simonetti L, Fabbro MC, Espeche LD, Taboas M, Nadra AD, Bruque CD, Dain L. An update on genetic variants of the NKX2-5. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1187-1208. [PMID: 32369864 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NKX2-5 is a homeodomain transcription factor that plays a crucial role in heart development. It is the first gene where a single genetic variant (GV) was found to be associated with congenital heart diseases in humans. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive survey of NKX2-5 GVs to build a unified, curated, and updated compilation of all available GVs. We retrieved a total of 1,380 unique GVs. From these, 970 had information on their frequency in the general population and 143 have been linked to pathogenic phenotypes in humans. In vitro effect was ascertained for 38 GVs. The homeodomain had the biggest cluster of pathogenic variants in the protein: 49 GVs in 60 residues, 23 in its third α-helix, where 11 missense variants may affect protein-DNA interaction or the hydrophobic core. We also pinpointed the likely location of pathogenic GVs in four linear motifs. These analyses allowed us to assign a putative explanation for the effect of 90 GVs. This study pointed to reliable pathogenicity for GVs in helix 3 of the homeodomain and may broaden the scope of functional and structural studies that can be done to better understand the effect of GVs in NKX2-5 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Kolomenski
- Departamento de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional, iB3, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisol Delea
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Simonetti
- Department of Chemistry-Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Lucía D Espeche
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa Taboas
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro D Nadra
- Departamento de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional, iB3, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos D Bruque
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Dain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional, iB3, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Thomford NE, Bope CD, Agamah FE, Dzobo K, Owusu Ateko R, Chimusa E, Mazandu GK, Ntumba SB, Dandara C, Wonkam A. Implementing Artificial Intelligence and Digital Health in Resource-Limited Settings? Top 10 Lessons We Learned in Congenital Heart Defects and Cardiology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24:264-277. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Christian Domilongo Bope
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | - Francis Edem Agamah
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kevin Dzobo
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richmond Owusu Ateko
- University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emile Chimusa
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gaston Kuzamunu Mazandu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Badibanga Ntumba
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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8
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Congenital heart diseases: genetics, non-inherited risk factors, and signaling pathways. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-0050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common congenital anomalies with an estimated prevalence of 8 in 1000 live births. CHDs occur as a result of abnormal embryogenesis of the heart. Congenital heart diseases are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The damage of the heart is irreversible due to a lack of regeneration potential, and usually, the patients may require surgical intervention. Studying the developmental biology of the heart is essential not only in understanding the mechanisms and pathogenesis of congenital heart diseases but also in providing us with insight towards developing new preventive and treatment methods.
Main body
The etiology of congenital heart diseases is still elusive. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated to play a role in the pathogenesis of the diseases. Recently, cardiac transcription factors, cardiac-specific genes, and signaling pathways, which are responsible for early cardiac morphogenesis have been extensively studied in both human and animal experiments but leave much to be desired. The discovery of novel genetic methods such as next generation sequencing and chromosomal microarrays have led to further study the genes, non-coding RNAs and subtle chromosomal changes, elucidating their implications to the etiology of congenital heart diseases. Studies have also implicated non-hereditary risk factors such as rubella infection, teratogens, maternal age, diabetes mellitus, and abnormal hemodynamics in causing CHDs.
These etiological factors raise questions on multifactorial etiology of CHDs. It is therefore important to endeavor in research based on finding the causes of CHDs. Finding causative factors will enable us to plan intervention strategies and mitigate the consequences associated with CHDs. This review, therefore, puts forward the genetic and non-genetic causes of congenital heart diseases. Besides, it discusses crucial signaling pathways which are involved in early cardiac morphogenesis. Consequently, we aim to consolidate our knowledge on multifactorial causes of CHDs so as to pave a way for further research regarding CHDs.
Conclusion
The multifactorial etiology of congenital heart diseases gives us a challenge to explicitly establishing specific causative factors and therefore plan intervention strategies. More well-designed studies and the use of novel genetic technologies could be the way through the discovery of etiological factors implicated in the pathogenesis of congenital heart diseases.
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Lyu C, Webber DM, MacLeod SL, Hobbs CA, Li M. Gene-by-gene interactions associated with the risk of conotruncal heart defects. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1010. [PMID: 31851787 PMCID: PMC6978401 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) involves a complex relationship among genetic variants and maternal lifestyle factors. In this article, we focused on the interactions between 13 candidate genes within folate, homocysteine, and transsulfuration pathways for potential association with CTD risk. METHODS Targeted sequencing was used for 328 case-parental triads enrolled in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). To evaluate the interaction of two genes, we applied a conditional logistic regression model for all possible SNP pairs within two respective genes by contrasting the affected infants with their pseudo-controls. The findings were replicated in an independent sample of 86 NBDPS case-parental triads genotyped by DNA microarrays. The results of two studies were further integrated by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. RESULTS One SNP pair (i.e., rs4764267 and rs6556883) located in gene MGST1 and GLRX, respectively, was found to be associated with CTD risk after multiple testing adjustment using simpleM, a modified Bonferroni correction approach (nominal p-value of 4.62e-06; adjusted p-value of .04). Another SNP pair (i.e., rs11892646 and rs56219526) located in gene DNMT3A and MTRR, respectively, achieved marginal significance after multiple testing adjustment (adjusted p-value of .06). CONCLUSION Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm and elucidate these potential interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lyu
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsIndiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA
| | - Daniel M. Webber
- Department of Pathology & ImmunologyWashington University at St LouisSaint LouisMOUSA
| | | | | | - Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsIndiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA
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Huang S, Liu C, Li N, Wu Z, Li T, Han D, Li Z, Zhao J, Wang J. Membrane proteomic analysis reveals the intestinal development is deteriorated by intrauterine growth restriction in piglets. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 20:277-291. [PMID: 31586277 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The alterations of the intestinal proteome were observed in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets during early life by gel-based approaches. Nevertheless, how IUGR affects the intestinal membrane proteome during neonatal development remains unclear. Here, we applied the iTRAQ-based proteomics technology and biochemical analysis to investigate the impact of IUGR on the membrane proteome of the jejunal mucosa in the piglets. Three hundred sixty-one membrane proteins were screened by functional prediction. Among them, eight, five, and one differentially expressed membrane proteins were identified between IUGR and NBW piglets at day 0, day 7, and day 21 after birth, respectively. Differentially expressed membrane proteins (DEMPs) including F1SBL3, F1RRW8, F1S539, F1S2Z2, F1RIR2, F1RUF2 I3LP60, Q2EN79, and F1SIH8 were reduced while the relative abundance of I3L6A2, F1SCJ1, F1RI18, I3LRJ7, and F1RNN0 were increased in IUGR piglets than NBW piglets. From the aspects of function, F1RRW8, F1S539, F1S2Z2, and F1RIR2 are mainly associated with D2 dopamine receptor binding, transmembrane transport of small molecules, signal transduction, and translocation of GLUT4, respectively, and F1SIH8, I3LRJ7, and F1RNN0 are related to autophagy, metabolism of vitamins, and intracellular protein transport. Additionally, IUGR decreased the level of proteins (F1RRW8, Q2EN79, and F1RI18) that are involved in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Gajera M, Desai N, Suzuki A, Li A, Zhang M, Jun G, Jia P, Zhao Z, Iwata J. MicroRNA-655-3p and microRNA-497-5p inhibit cell proliferation in cultured human lip cells through the regulation of genes related to human cleft lip. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:70. [PMID: 31122291 PMCID: PMC6533741 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P), a common congenital birth defect, is complex and involves the contribution of genetic and environmental factors. Although many candidate genes have been identified, the regulation and interaction of these genes in CL/P remain unclear. In addition, the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of multiple genes, to the etiology of CL/P is largely unknown. Methods To identify the signatures of causative biological pathways for human CL/P, we conducted a systematic literature review for human CL/P candidate genes and subsequent bioinformatics analyses. Functional enrichment analyses of the candidate CL/P genes were conducted using the pathway databases GO and KEGG. The miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of the CL/P candidate genes was analyzed with miRanda, PITA, and TargetScan, and miRTarbase. Genotype-phenotype association analysis was conducted using GWAS. The functional significance of the candidate miRNAs was evaluated experimentally in cell proliferation and target gene regulation assays in human lip fibroblasts. Results Through an extensive search of the main biomedical databases, we mined 177 genes with mutations or association/linkage reported in individuals with CL/P, and considered them as candidate genes for human CL/P. The genotype-phenotype association study revealed that mutations in 12 genes (ABCA4, ADAM3A, FOXE1, IRF6, MSX2, MTHFR, NTN1, PAX7, TP63, TPM1, VAX1, and WNT9B) were significantly associated with CL/P. In addition, our bioinformatics analysis predicted 16 microRNAs (miRNAs) to be post-transcriptional regulators of CL/P genes. To validate the bioinformatics results, the top six candidate miRNAs (miR-124-3p, miR-369-3p, miR-374a-5p, miR-374b-5p, miR-497-5p, and miR-655-3p) were evaluated by cell proliferation/survival assays and miRNA-gene regulation assays in cultured human lip fibroblasts. We found that miR-497-5p and miR-655-3p significantly suppressed cell proliferation in these cells. Furthermore, the expression of the predicted miRNA-target genes was significantly downregulated by either miR-497-5p or miR-655-3p mimic. Conclusion Expression of miR-497-5p and miR-655-3p suppresses cell proliferation through the regulation of human CL/P-candidate genes. This study provides insights into the role of miRNAs in the etiology of CL/P and suggests possible strategies for the diagnosis of CL/P. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0535-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Gajera
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neha Desai
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aimin Li
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Musi Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Goo Jun
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. .,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. .,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Khatami M, Mazidi M, Taher S, Heidari MM, Hadadzadeh M. Novel Point Mutations in the NKX2.5 Gene in Pediatric Patients with Non-Familial Congenital Heart Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54030046. [PMID: 30344277 PMCID: PMC6122093 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth abnormality in the structure or function of the heart that affects approximately 1% of all newborns. Despite its prevalence and clinical importance, the etiology of CHD remains mainly unknown. Somatic and germline mutations in cardiac specific transcription factor genes have been identified as the factors responsible for various forms of CHD, particularly ventricular septal defects (VSDs), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and atrial septal defects (ASDs). p. NKX2.5 is a homeodomain protein that controls many of the physiological processes in cardiac development including specification and proliferation of cardiac precursors. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NKX2.5 gene mutations in sporadic pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of congenital heart malformations. Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated mutations of the NKX2.5 gene’s coding region in 105 Iranian pediatric patients with non-familial CHD by polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing. Results: We observed a total of four mutations, of which, two were novel DNA sequence variants in the coding region of exon 1 (c. 95 A > T and c. 93 A > T) and two others were previously reported as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs72554028 (c. 2357 G > A) and rs3729753 (c. 606 G > C) in exon 2. Further, observed mutations are completely absent in normal healthy individuals (n = 92). Conclusion: These results suggest that NKX2.5 mutations are highly rare in CHD patients. However, in silico analysis proves that c.95 A > T missense mutation in NKX2.5 gene is probably pathogenic and may be contributing to the risk of sporadic CHD in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Khatami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | - Mansoureh Mazidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Taher
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Hadadzadeh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
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The Role of scaRNAs in Adjusting Alternative mRNA Splicing in Heart Development. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5020026. [PMID: 29738469 PMCID: PMC6023535 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death in children <1 year of age. Despite intense effort in the last 10 years, most CHDs (~70%) still have an unknown etiology. Conotruncal based defects, such as Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), a common complex of devastating heart defects, typically requires surgical intervention in the first year of life. We reported that the noncoding transcriptome in myocardial tissue from children with TOF is characterized by significant variation in levels of expression of noncoding RNAs, and more specifically, a significant reduction in 12 small cajal body-associated RNAs (scaRNAs) in the right ventricle. scaRNAs are essential for the biochemical modification and maturation of small nuclear RNAs (spliceosomal RNAs), which in turn are critical components of the spliceosome. This is particularly important because we also documented that splicing of mRNAs that are critical for heart development was dysregulated in the heart tissue of infants with TOF. Furthermore, we went on to show, using the zebrafish model, that altering the expression of these same scaRNAs led to faulty mRNA processing and heart defects in the developing embryo. This review will examine how scaRNAs may influence spliceosome fidelity in exon retention during heart development and thus contribute to regulation of heart development.
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Cristo F, Inácio JM, de Almeida S, Mendes P, Martins DS, Maio J, Anjos R, Belo JA. Functional study of DAND5 variant in patients with Congenital Heart Disease and laterality defects. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:77. [PMID: 28738792 PMCID: PMC5525210 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perturbations on the Left-Right axis establishment lead to laterality defects, with frequently associated Congenital Heart Diseases (CHDs). Indeed, in the last decade, it has been reported that the etiology of isolated cases of CHDs or cases of laterality defects with associated CHDs is linked with variants of genes involved in the Nodal signaling pathway. METHODS With this in mind, we analyzed a cohort of 38 unrelated patients with Congenital Heart Defects that can arise from initial perturbations in the formation of the Left-Right axis and 40 unrelated ethnically matched healthy individuals as a control population. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal epithelial cells, and variants screening was performed by PCR and direct sequencing. A Nodal-dependent luciferase assay was conducted in order to determine the functional effect of the variant found. RESULTS In this work, we report two patients with a DAND5 heterozygous non-synonymous variant (c.455G > A) in the functional domain of the DAND5 protein (p.R152H), a master regulator of Nodal signaling. Patient 1 presents left isomerism, ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta and pulmonary atresia, while patient 2 presents ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary atresia (a case of extreme tetralogy of Fallot phenotype). The functional analysis assay showed a significant decrease in the activity of this variant protein when compared to its wild-type counterpart. CONCLUSION Altogether, our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of the laterality defects and related CHDs, priming for the first time DAND5 as one of multiple candidate determinants for CHDs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Cristo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Center for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Regenerative Medicine Program, Biomedical and Medicine Sciences Department, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - José M Inácio
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Salomé de Almeida
- Medical Genetics Service, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central (CHLC), EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Mendes
- Departamento Materno-Infantil, Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, EPE, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - José Maio
- Departamento Materno-Infantil, Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, EPE, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rui Anjos
- Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José A Belo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. .,NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Edifício CEDOC II, Rua Câmara Pestana n.° 6, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal.
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15
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Zhang N, Liu Z, Tian X, Chen M, Deng Y, Guo Y, Li N, Yu P, Yang J, Zhu J. Barium exposure increases the risk of congenital heart defects occurrence in offspring. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2017; 56:132-139. [PMID: 28705031 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1343479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Several studies have investigated the association between heavy metal exposure and congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, there are limited data regarding the relationship between barium exposure and the occurrence of CHDs. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between barium exposure in mothers and the risk of CHD in offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a case-control study with 399 cases and 490 controls with normal live births in China. The concentrations of barium in hair of pregnant woman and fetal placenta were measured. We used a logistic regression analysis to explore the association between barium exposure and the risk of CHD. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis indicated that the median concentration of barium in maternal hair in the CHD group was 4.180 ng/mg (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.230; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.146-1.321; p < .001), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (2.740 ng/mg). Furthermore, the median concentration of barium in fetal placental tissue in the CHD group was 0.617 ng/mg, while that in the control group was 0.447 ng/mg (aOR, 1.392; 95% CI, 1.074-1.659; p = .003). Significant differences in the concentration of barium in hair were also found between the different CHD subtypes and the controls. These differences were found in cases with septal defects (p < .001), conotruncal defects (p < .001), right ventricular outflow track obstruction (p < .001), left ventricular outflow track obstruction (p < .001), and anomalous pulmonary venous return (p = .010). Significantly different barium concentrations in fetal tissue were only found in cases with septal defects (p = .010). CONCLUSIONS Maternal barium exposure was dose-dependently related to the risk of CHD in the offspring. Our findings suggest that the occurrence of some subtypes of CHD is associated with barium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- a National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China.,c State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Zhen Liu
- a National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Xiaoxian Tian
- d Department of Ultrasound , Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , Nanning , PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- e Department of Ultrasound , Harbin Red cross Central Hospital , Harbin , PR China
| | - Ying Deng
- a National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Yixiong Guo
- b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Nana Li
- b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Ping Yu
- b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Jiaxiang Yang
- f Department of Ultrasound , Sichuan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- a National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education , West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
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16
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Wang L, Lai G, Chu G, Liang X, Zhao Y. cMyBP-C was decreased via KLHL3-mediated proteasomal degradation in congenital heart diseases. Exp Cell Res 2017; 355:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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A HAND to TBX5 Explains the Link Between Thalidomide and Cardiac Diseases. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1416. [PMID: 28469241 PMCID: PMC5431093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the leading cause of death in the first year of life. Mutations only in few genes have been linked to some cases of CHD. Thalidomide was used by pregnant women for morning sickness but was removed from the market because it caused severe malformations including CHDs. We used both in silico docking software, and in vitro molecular and biochemical methods to document a novel interaction involving Thalidomide, TBX5, and HAND2. Thalidomide binds readily to TBX5 through amino acids R81, R82, and K226 all implicated in DNA binding. It reduces TBX5 binding to DNA by 40%, and suppresses TBX5 mediated activation of the NPPA and VEGF promoters by 70%. We documented a novel interaction between TBX5 and HAND2, and showed that a p.G202V HAND2 variant associated with CHD and coronary artery diseases found in a large Lebanese family with high consanguinity, drastically inhibited this interaction by 90%. Similarly, thalidomide inhibited the TBX5/HAND2 physical interaction, and the in silico docking revealed that the same amino acids involved in the interaction of TBX5 with DNA are also involved in its binding to HAND2. Our results establish a HAND2/TBX5 pathway implicated in heart development and diseases.
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18
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Wang B, You G, Fu Q. Human fetal heart specific coexpression network involves congenital heart disease/defect candidate genes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46760. [PMID: 28436429 PMCID: PMC5402266 DOI: 10.1038/srep46760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart development is a complex process requiring dynamic transcriptional regulation. Disturbance of this process will lead to severe developmental defects such as congenital heart disease/defect (CHD). CHD is a group of complex disorder with high genetic heterogeneity, common pathways associated with CHD remains largely unknown. In the manuscript, we focused on the tissue specific genes in human fetal heart samples to explore such pathways. We used the RNA microarray dataset of human fetal tissues from ENCODE project to identify genes with heart tissue specific expression. A transcriptional network was constructed for these genes based on the Pearson correlation coefficients of their expression levels. Function, selective constraints and disease associations of these genes were then examined. Our analysis identified a network consisted of 316 genes with human fetal heart specific expression. The network was highly co-regulated and showed evolutionary conserved tissue expression pattern in tetrapod. Genes in this network are enriched in CHD specific genes and disease mutations. Using the transcriptomic data, we discovered a highly concerted gene network that might reflect a common pathway associated with the etiology of CHD. Such analysis should be helpful for disease associated gene identification in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Manjegowda DS, Karunakar P, Ramachandra NB. Effect of Structural Changes in Proteins Derived from GATA4 Nonsynonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Congenital Heart Disease. Indian J Pharm Sci 2016; 77:735-41. [PMID: 26997702 PMCID: PMC4778234 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.174988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the most common type of birth defect. The single nucleotide polymorphism in GATA4 is associated with various congenital heart disease phenotypes. In the present study, we analysed the nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism of GATA4, which are involved in congenital heart disease by predicting the changes in protein structures. Total of 49 nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of GATA4 was screened from congenital heart disease patients of Mysore and also globally reported nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms. To understand the role of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms, we mutated the sequence and translated into amino acids. Further the mutated protein secondary structure is predicted and tertiary structure is predicted using homology modeling. The quantitative evaluation of protein structure quality was verified with Volume Area Dihedral Angle Reporter server. Results revealed the secondary, tertiary structural changes along with changes in free energy of folding, volume and accessible surface area. Thus, the structural changes in the mutated proteins impaired the normal function of GATA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Manjegowda
- NUCSER, K S Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575 018, India
| | - P Karunakar
- Department of Biotechnology, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bengaluru-560 085, India, India
| | - N B Ramachandra
- Department of Studies in Zoology, Genomics Laboratory, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, India
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20
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Understanding Genetics and Pediatric Cardiac Health. J Pediatr Nurs 2016; 31:3-10. [PMID: 26652210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Congenital heart defects (CHD) continue to be the most prevalent birth defect that occurs worldwide in approximately 6-8 of every 1,000 live births. High rates of morbidity and mortality in infants, children, and adults living with CHD place a growing need for health care professionals (HCPs) to better understand potentially modifiable genetic and environmental influences. This paper will present examples of research and governmental initiatives that support genetics education and research and a review of known genetic factors associated with CHD development. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT A review of the known genetic factors on risk for CHD formation in infants will be provided to help health care professionals gain a greater understanding of the genetic influences on pediatric cardiac health. CONCLUSIONS There are known genetic pathways and risk factors that contribute to development of CHD. This paper is a primer for nurses and HCPs providing information of the genetics and inheritance patterns of CHD to be useful in daily clinical practice. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nurses work in multiple communities where they are uniquely positioned to educate and provide information about research and current models of care with families affected by CHD. Nurses and HCPs who better understand genetic risk factors associated with CHD development can more promptly refer and offer treatment for these children and families thus providing individuals of childbearing age with the necessary resources and information about risk factors.
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Holt-Oram syndrome is characterised by CHD and limb anomalies. Mutations in TBX5 gene, encoding the T-box transcription factor, are responsible for the development of Holt-Oram syndrome, but such mutations are variably detected in 30-75% of patients. METHODS Clinically diagnosed eight Holt-Oram syndrome patients from six families were evaluated the clinical characteristics, focusing on the cardiac manifestations, in particular, and molecular aetiologies. In addition to the investigation of the mutation of TBX5, SALL4, NKX2.5, and GATA4 genes, which are known to regulate cardiac development by physically and functionally interacting with TBX5, were also analyzed. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis was performed to detect exonic deletion and duplication mutations in these genes. RESULTS All included patients showed cardiac septal defects and upper-limb anomalies. Of the eight patients, seven underwent cardiac surgery, and four suffered from conduction abnormalities such as severe sinus bradycardia and complete atrioventricular block. Although our patients showed typical clinical findings of Holt-Oram syndrome, only three distinct TBX5 mutations were detected in three families: one nonsense, one splicing, and one missense mutation. No new mutations were identified by testing SALL4, NKX2.5, and GATA4 genes. CONCLUSIONS All Holt-Oram syndrome patients in this study showed cardiac septal anomalies. Half of them showed TBX5 gene mutations. To understand the genetic causes for inherited CHD such as Holt-Oram syndrome is helpful to take care of the patients and their families. Further efforts with large-scale genomic research are required to identify genes responsible for cardiac manifestations or genotype-phenotype relation in Holt-Oram syndrome.
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Alcohol-induced histone H3K9 hyperacetylation and cardiac hypertrophy are reversed by a histone acetylases inhibitor anacardic acid in developing murine hearts. Biochimie 2015; 113:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Vecoli C, Pulignani S, Foffa I, Andreassi MG. Congenital heart disease: the crossroads of genetics, epigenetics and environment. Curr Genomics 2014; 15:390-9. [PMID: 25435801 PMCID: PMC4245698 DOI: 10.2174/1389202915666140716175634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are recognized as the most common type of birth malformations. Although recent advances in pre- and neonatal diagnosis as well as in surgical procedures have reduced the morbidity and mortality for many CHD, the etiology for CHD remains undefined. In non-syndromic and isolated (without a familial history or a Mendelian inheritance) forms of CHDs, a multifactorial pathogenesis with interplay between inherited and non-inherited causes is recognized. In this paper, we discuss the current knowledge of the potential molecular mechanisms, mediating abnormal cardiac development in non-syndromic and isolated CHD, including mutations in cardiac transcription factors, the role of somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations as well as the influence of gene-environment interactions. In the near future, the advent of high-throughput genomic technologies with the integration of system biology will expand our understanding of isolated, non-syndromic CHDs for their prevention, early diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilenia Foffa
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Massa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Andreassi
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy ; Fondazione Toscana G.Monasterio, Massa, Italy
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Lindsey SE, Butcher JT, Yalcin HC. Mechanical regulation of cardiac development. Front Physiol 2014; 5:318. [PMID: 25191277 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00318/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are essential contributors to and unavoidable components of cardiac formation, both inducing and orchestrating local and global molecular and cellular changes. Experimental animal studies have contributed substantially to understanding the mechanobiology of heart development. More recent integration of high-resolution imaging modalities with computational modeling has greatly improved our quantitative understanding of hemodynamic flow in heart development. Merging these latest experimental technologies with molecular and genetic signaling analysis will accelerate our understanding of the relationships integrating mechanical and biological signaling for proper cardiac formation. These advances will likely be essential for clinically translatable guidance for targeted interventions to rescue malforming hearts and/or reconfigure malformed circulations for optimal performance. This review summarizes our current understanding on the levels of mechanical signaling in the heart and their roles in orchestrating cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan T Butcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dogus University Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Lindsey SE, Butcher JT, Yalcin HC. Mechanical regulation of cardiac development. Front Physiol 2014; 5:318. [PMID: 25191277 PMCID: PMC4140306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are essential contributors to and unavoidable components of cardiac formation, both inducing and orchestrating local and global molecular and cellular changes. Experimental animal studies have contributed substantially to understanding the mechanobiology of heart development. More recent integration of high-resolution imaging modalities with computational modeling has greatly improved our quantitative understanding of hemodynamic flow in heart development. Merging these latest experimental technologies with molecular and genetic signaling analysis will accelerate our understanding of the relationships integrating mechanical and biological signaling for proper cardiac formation. These advances will likely be essential for clinically translatable guidance for targeted interventions to rescue malforming hearts and/or reconfigure malformed circulations for optimal performance. This review summarizes our current understanding on the levels of mechanical signaling in the heart and their roles in orchestrating cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan T Butcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dogus University Istanbul, Turkey
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Rodemoyer A, Kibiryeva N, Bair A, Marshall J, O'Brien JE, Bittel DC. A tissue-specific gene expression template portrays heart development and pathology. Hum Genomics 2014; 8:6. [PMID: 24618031 PMCID: PMC4007492 DOI: 10.1186/1479-7364-8-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common cause of death in children under the age of 1. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a severe CHD that results from developmental defects in the conotruncal outflow tract. Recently, a tissue-specific gene expression template (GET) was derived from microarray data that accurately characterized multiple normal human tissues. We used the GET to examine spatial, temporal, and a pathological condition (TOF) within a single organ, the heart. The GET, as previously defined, generally identified temporal and spatial differences in the cardiac tissue. Differences in the stoichiometry of the GET reflected the severe developmental disturbance associated with TOF. Our analysis suggests that the homoeostatic equilibrium assessed by the GET at the inter-organ level is generally maintained at the intra-organ level as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas C Bittel
- The Ward Family Heart Center, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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Zhou J, Dong X, Zhou Q, Wang H, Qian Y, Tian W, Ma D, Li X. microRNA expression profiling of heart tissue during fetal development. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1250-60. [PMID: 24604530 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are important both in early cardiogenesis and in the process of heart maturation. The aim of this study was to determine the stage-specific expression of miRNAs in human fetal heart in order to identify valuable targets for further study of heart defects. Affymetrix microarrays were used to obtain miRNA expression profiles from human fetal heart tissue at 5, 7, 9 and 23 weeks of gestation. To identify differentially expressed miRNAs at each time-point, linear regression analysis by the R limma algorithm was employed. Hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted with Cluster 3.0 software. Gene Ontology analysis was carried out for miRNAs from different clusters. Commonalities in miRNA families and genomic localization were identified, and the differential expression of selected miRNAs from different clusters was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). A total of 703 miRNAs were expressed in human fetal heart. Of these, 288 differentially expressed miRNAs represented 5 clusters with different expression trends. Several clustered miRNAs also shared classification within miRNA families or proximal genomic localization. qPCR confirmed the expression patterns of selected miRNAs. miRNAs within the 5 clusters were predicted to target genes vital for heart development and to be involved in cellular signaling pathways that affect heart structure formation and heart-associated cellular events. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first miRNA expression profiling study of human fetal heart tissue. The stage-specific expression of specific miRNAs suggests potential roles at distinct time-points during fetal heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizi Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xinran Dong
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiongjie Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Tian
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Qian B, Mo R, Da M, Peng W, Hu Y, Mo X. Common variations in BMP4 confer genetic susceptibility to sporadic congenital heart disease in a Han Chinese population. Pediatr Cardiol 2014; 35:1442-7. [PMID: 25022354 PMCID: PMC4236636 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-0951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect in humans. The genetic causes of sporadic CHD remain largely unknown. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, is required for normal heart development. Loss of BMP4 gene expression in mice is associated with septal defects, defective endocardial cushion remodeling, and abnormal semilunar valve formation. This study evaluated the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BMP4 to CHD susceptibility in a case-control study of 575 patients with CHD and 844 non-CHD control subjects in a Chinese population. The BMP4 SNP rs762642 was associated with CHD in an additive model (odds ratio [OR]add 1.22; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.43; P add = 0.02). Stratified analysis by CHD subtypes showed a significant association only between rs762642 and atrial septal defect (ORadd 1.33; 95 % CI 1.04-1.72; P add = 0.03) in the additive model. This study was the first to indicate that a common variant of BMP4 may contribute to susceptibility to sporadic CHD in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Ran Mo
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Da
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yuanli Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
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30
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Tetralogy of Fallot: epidemiology meets real-world management: lessons from the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study. Cardiol Young 2013; 23:867-70. [PMID: 24401260 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951113001698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Decades ago, mass-scale epidemiologic studies were undertaken to accurately describe the prevalence of congenital heart disease and associated malformations, and to identify inheritance patterns, teratogenic influence and aetiologic underpinnings. Despite phenomenal breakthroughs in molecular diagnosis of congenital heart disease, original population-based studies for detailed knowledge of prevalence, associated malformations, and appropriate patient and family counselling remain invaluable to the armamentarium and knowledge base of paediatric cardiologists. No modern-era studies have supplanted the importance of the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study undertaken from 1981 to 1989. In this article, we reprise the findings of the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study in tetralogy of Fallot, as well as to review current molecular diagnosis.
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Corsten-Janssen N, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS, du Marchie Sarvaas GJ, Baardman ME, Bakker MK, Bergman JE, Hove HD, Heimdal KR, Rustad CF, Hennekam RC, Hofstra RM, Hoefsloot LH, Van Ravenswaaij-Arts CM, Kapusta L. The Cardiac Phenotype in Patients With a
CHD7
Mutation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 6:248-54. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Loss-of-function mutations in
CHD7
cause Coloboma, Heart Disease, Atresia of Choanae, Retardation of Growth and/or Development, Genital Hypoplasia, and Ear Abnormalities With or Without Deafness (CHARGE) syndrome, a variable combination of multiple congenital malformations including heart defects. Heart defects are reported in 70% to 92% of patients with a
CHD7
mutation, but most studies are small and do not provide a detailed classification of the defects. We present the first, detailed, descriptive study on the cardiac phenotype of 299 patients with a
CHD7
mutation and discuss the role of CHD7 in cardiac development.
Methods and Results—
We collected information on congenital heart defects in 299 patients with a pathogenic
CHD7
mutation, of whom 220 (74%) had a congenital heart defect. Detailed information on the heart defects was available for 202 of these patients. We classified the heart defects based on embryonic cardiac development and compared the distribution to 1007 equally classified nonsyndromic heart defects of patients registered by EUROCAT, a European Registry of Congenital Anomalies. Heart defects are highly variable in patients with
CHD7
mutations, but atrioventricular septal defects and conotruncal heart defects are over-represented. Sex did not have an effect on the presence of heart defects, but truncating
CHD7
mutations resulted in a heart defect significantly more often than missense or splice-site mutations (χ
2
,
P
<0.001).
Conclusions—
CHD7 plays an important role in cardiac development, given that we found a wide range of heart defects in 74% of a large cohort of patients with a CHD7 mutation. Conotruncal defects and atrioventricular septal defects are over-represented in patients with
CHD7
mutations compared with patients with nonsyndromic heart defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Corsten-Janssen
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Wilhelmina S. Kerstjens-Frederikse
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Gideon J. du Marchie Sarvaas
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Maria E. Baardman
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Marian K. Bakker
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Jorieke E.H. Bergman
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Hanne D. Hove
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Ketil R. Heimdal
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Cecilie F. Rustad
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Raoul C.M. Hennekam
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Robert M.W. Hofstra
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Lies H. Hoefsloot
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Conny M.A. Van Ravenswaaij-Arts
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
| | - Livia Kapusta
- From the Department of Genetics (N.C.-J., W.S.K.-F., M.E.B., M.K.B., J.E.H.B., C.M.A.V.R.-A.) and Center for Congenital Heart Diseases (G.J.d.M.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (H.D.H.); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (K.R.H., C.F.R.); Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
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Sabina S, Pulignani S, Rizzo M, Cresci M, Vecoli C, Foffa I, Ait-Ali L, Pitto L, Andreassi MG. Germline hereditary, somatic mutations and microRNAs targeting-SNPs in congenital heart defects. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 60:84-9. [PMID: 23583740 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutations and dysregulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) may have a pivotal role in the Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs). The purpose of the study was to assess both somatic and germline mutations in the GATA4 and NKX2.5 genes as well as to identify 3'UTR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the miRNA target sites. We enrolled 30 patients (13 males; 13.4±8.3 years) with non-syndromic CHD. GATA4 and NKX2.5 genes were screened in cardiac tissue of sporadic and in blood samples of familial cases. Computational methods were used to detect putative miRNAs in the 3'UTR region and to assess the Minimum Free Energy of hybridization (MFE, kcal/mol). Difference of MFEs (ΔMFE) ≥4 kcal/mol between alleles was considered biologically relevant on miRNA binding. The sum of all ΔMFEs (|ΔMFEtot|=∑|ΔMFE|) was calculated in order to predict the biological importance of SNPs binding more miRNAs. No evidence of novel GATA4 and NKX2.5 mutations was found both in sporadic and familial patients. Bioinformatic analysis revealed 27 putative miRNAs binding to identified SNPs in the 3'UTR of GATA4. ΔMFE ≥4 kcal/mol between alleles was obtained for the +354A>C (miR-4299), +587A>G (miR-604), +1355G>A (miR-548v, miR-139-5p) and +1521C>G (miR-583, miR-3125, miR-3928) SNPs. The +1521C>G SNP showed the highest ΔMFEtot (21.66 kcal/mol). Luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR-583 was dose-dependently effective in regulating +1521 C allele compared with +1521 G allele. Based on the analysis of 100 CHD cases and 204 healthy newborns, the +1521 G allele was also associated with a lower risk of CHD (OR=0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9, p=0.03), likely due to the relatively low binding of the miRNA and high levels of protein. These results suggest that common SNPs in the 3'UTR of GATA4 alter miRNA gene regulation contributing to the pathogenesis of CHDs.
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33
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Cheng C, Lin Y, Yang F, Wang W, Wu C, Qin J, Shao X, Zhou L. Mutational screening of affected cardiac tissues and peripheral blood cells identified novel somatic mutations in GATA4 in patients with ventricular septal defect. J Biomed Res 2013; 25:425-30. [PMID: 23554720 PMCID: PMC3596722 DOI: 10.1016/s1674-8301(11)60056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine how somatic mutations of the GATA4 gene contributed to the genesis of ventricular septal defect (VSD). The coding and intron-exon boundary regions of GATA4 were sequenced of DNA samples from peripheral blood cells and cardiac tissues of twenty surgically treated probands with VSD. Seven novel heterozygous variants were detected in cardiac tissues from VSD patients, but they were not detected in the peripheral blood cells of VSD patients or in 500 healthy control samples. We replicated 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in NCBI. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the possible mechanism by which mutations were linked to VSD. Among those variants, c. 1004C>A (p.S335X) occurred in the highly conserved domain of GATA4 and generated a termination codon, which led to the production of truncated GATA4. The seven novel heterozygous GATA4 mutations were only identified in cardiac tissues with VSD, suggesting that they are of somatic origin. A higher mutation rate in cardiac tissues than in peripheral blood cells implies that the genetic contribution to VSD may have been underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Zhang D, Li L, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Wan L, Lv J, Li X, Huang P, Wei L, Ma M. The NFKB1 -94 ATTG insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs28362491) contributes to the susceptibility of congenital heart disease in a Chinese population. Gene 2013; 516:307-10. [PMID: 23299027 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequently occurring congenital disorder in newborns and is the most frequent cause of infant death from birth defects. Human genetic studies have identified that numerous genes encoding transcription factors that regulate specific events in heart development are responsible for inherited and sporadic CHD. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a major transcription regulator of immune response, apoptosis and cell-growth control genes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the functional -94 insertion/deletion ATTG polymorphism (rs28362491) in the promoter of nuclear factor κB gene (NFKB1) is associated with susceptibility to CHD. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) method was used to genotype rs28362491 in 122 atrial septal defect (ASD) patients, 114 ventricular septal defect (VSD) patients, and 412 controls. The frequencies of II (Insertion/Insertion) genotype in the ASD and VSD patients were significantly higher than that of controls (p=0.004 for ASD Vs. controls, and p=0.009 for VSD Vs. controls, respectively), and the frequencies for I allele in CHD patients were also significantly higher than that in controls (p=0.01 for ASD Vs. controls, and p=0.009 for VSD Vs. controls, respectively). This study suggests that the functional -94 insertion/deletion ATTG polymorphism in the promoter of NFKB1 is associated with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
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35
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Shih JC, Yang PK. Insight into the Genetic Relevance of Congenital Heart Defects. CURRENT OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY REPORTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13669-012-0021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Dinesh SM, Lingaiah K, Savitha MR, Krishnamurthy B, Narayanappa D, Ramachandra NB. GATA4 Specific Nonsynonymous Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Congenital Heart Disease Patients of Mysore, India. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2011; 15:715-20. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sosalagere M. Dinesh
- Genomics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Kusuma Lingaiah
- Genomics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Mysore R. Savitha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cheluvamba Hospital, Mysore Medical College, Mysore, India
| | | | | | - Nallur B. Ramachandra
- Genomics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
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Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) is a member of a family of binding proteins. The protein is mainly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells, and it has been linked to fatty acid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we previously found that FABP3 is highly regulated in ventricular septal defect (VSD) patients and may play a significant role in the development of human VSD. We therefore aimed to identify the biological characteristics of the FABP3 gene in embryonic myocardial cells. On the basis of RT-PCR and western blotting analyses, we demonstrated that the expression levels of FABP3 mRNA and protein were up-regulated initially and then gradually decreased with P19 cell differentiation. MTT assays and cell cycle analysis showed that FABP3 inhibits P19 cell proliferation, and data from annexin V-FITC assays revealed that FABP3 can promote apoptosis of P19 cells. Further data from quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed lower expression levels of cardiac muscle-specific molecular markers (cTnT, alpha-MHC, GATA4, and MEF2c) in FABP3-overexpressing cell lines than in the control cells during differentiation. Our results demonstrate that FABP3 may be involved in the differentiation of cardiac myocytes.
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Butcher JT, Mahler GJ, Hockaday LA. Aortic valve disease and treatment: the need for naturally engineered solutions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:242-68. [PMID: 21281685 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aortic valve regulates unidirectional flow of oxygenated blood to the myocardium and arterial system. The natural anatomical geometry and microstructural complexity ensures biomechanically and hemodynamically efficient function. The compliant cusps are populated with unique cell phenotypes that continually remodel tissue for long-term durability within an extremely demanding mechanical environment. Alteration from normal valve homeostasis arises from genetic and microenvironmental (mechanical) sources, which lead to congenital and/or premature structural degeneration. Aortic valve stenosis pathobiology shares some features of atherosclerosis, but its final calcification endpoint is distinct. Despite its broad and significant clinical significance, very little is known about the mechanisms of normal valve mechanobiology and mechanisms of disease. This is reflected in the paucity of predictive diagnostic tools, early stage interventional strategies, and stagnation in regenerative medicine innovation. Tissue engineering has unique potential for aortic valve disease therapy, but overcoming current design pitfalls will require even more multidisciplinary effort. This review summarizes the latest advancements in aortic valve research and highlights important future directions.
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39
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Zhu C, Liu YQ, Chen FK, Hu DL, Yu ZB, Qian LM. LYRM1, a gene that promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis during heart development. Molecules 2010; 15:6974-82. [PMID: 20938407 PMCID: PMC6259564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15106974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unidentified. Previous studies determined that Homo sapiens LYR motif containing 1 (LYRM1) is a novel nucleoprotein expressed at the highest level in adipose tissue and in high levels in heart tissue. The LYRM1 gene may play an important role in the development of the human heart. This study was designed to identify the biological characteristics of the LYRM1 gene in heart development. On the basis of expression-specific differentiation markers identified with quantitative real-time RT-PCR and the morphology of LYRM1-overexpressing cells during differentiation, ectopic expression was not found to significantly affect differentiation of P19 cells into cardiomyocytes. MTT assays and cell cycle analysis showed that LYRM1 dramatically increases the proliferation of P19 cells. Furthermore, data from annexin V-FITC binding and caspase-3 activity revealed that LYRM1 can inhibit the apoptosis of P19 cells. Our data suggest that LYRM1 might have the potential to modulate cell growth, apoptosis, and heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.123 Tianfei Road, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yao-Qiu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Fu-Kun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - De-Liang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.123 Tianfei Road, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Ling-Mei Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-25-837-188-36; Fax: +86-25-837-629-36
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Amati F, Diano L, Campagnolo L, Vecchione L, Cipollone D, Bueno S, Prosperini G, Desideri A, Siracusa G, Chillemi G, Marino B, Novelli G. Hif1α down-regulation is associated with transposition of great arteries in mice treated with a retinoic acid antagonist. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:497. [PMID: 20846364 PMCID: PMC2996993 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defect (CHD) account for 25% of all human congenital abnormalities. However, very few CHD-causing genes have been identified so far. A promising approach for the identification of essential cardiac regulators whose mutations may be linked to human CHD, is the molecular and genetic analysis of heart development. With the use of a triple retinoic acid competitive antagonist (BMS189453) we previously developed a mouse model of congenital heart defects (81%), thymic abnormalities (98%) and neural tube defects (20%). D-TGA (D-transposition of great arteries) was the most prevalent cardiac defect observed (61%). Recently we were able to partially rescue this abnormal phenotype (CHD were reduced to 64.8%, p = 0.05), by oral administration of folic acid (FA). Now we have performed a microarray analysis in our mouse models to discover genes/transcripts potentially implicated in the pathogenesis of this CHD. RESULTS We analysed mouse embryos (8.5 dpc) treated with BMS189453 alone and with BMS189453 plus folic acid (FA) by microarray and qRT-PCR. By selecting a fold change (FC) ≥ ± 1.5, we detected 447 genes that were differentially expressed in BMS-treated embryos vs. untreated control embryos, while 239 genes were differentially expressed in BMS-treated embryos whose mothers had also received FA supplementation vs. BMS-treated embryos. On the basis of microarray and qRT-PCR results, we further analysed the Hif1α gene. In fact Hif1α is down-regulated in BMS-treated embryos vs. untreated controls (FCmicro = -1.79; FCqRT-PCR = -1.76; p = 0.005) and its expression level is increased in BMS+FA-treated embryos compared to BMS-treated embryos (FCmicro = +1.17; FCqRT-PCR = +1.28: p = 0.005). Immunofluorescence experiments confirmed the under-expression of Hif1α protein in BMS-treated embryos compared to untreated and BMS+FA-treated embryos and, moreover, we demonstrated that at 8.5 dpc, Hif1α is mainly expressed in the embryo heart region. CONCLUSIONS We propose that Hif1α down-regulation in response to blocking retinoic acid binding may contribute to the development of cardiac defects in mouse newborns. In line with our hypothesis, when Hif1α expression level is restored (by supplementation of folic acid), a decrement of CHD is found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that links retinoic acid metabolism to Hif1α regulation and the development of D-TGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Amati
- Department of Biopathology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Diano
- Department of Biopathology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Vecchione
- Department of Biopathology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Cipollone
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Susana Bueno
- CASPUR, Consortium for Supercomputing Applications, Via dei Tizii 6, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Prosperini
- CASPUR, Consortium for Supercomputing Applications, Via dei Tizii 6, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Deptartment of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gregorio Siracusa
- Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chillemi
- CASPUR, Consortium for Supercomputing Applications, Via dei Tizii 6, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biopathology, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Tor Vergata University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- St. Peter Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Via Cassia 600, 00189, Rome, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas, Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
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