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An W, Zhou J, Qiu Z, Wang P, Han X, Cheng Y, He Z, An Y, Li S. Identification of crosstalk genes and immune characteristics between Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1443464. [PMID: 39188714 PMCID: PMC11345154 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1443464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Advancements in modern medicine have extended human lifespan, but they have also led to an increase in age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and atherosclerosis (AS). Growing research evidence indicates a close connection between these two conditions. Methods We downloaded four gene expression datasets related to AD and AS from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE33000, GSE100927, GSE44770, and GSE43292) and performed differential gene expression (DEGs) analysis using the R package "limma". Through Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), we selected the gene modules most relevant to the diseases and intersected them with the DEGs to identify crosstalk genes (CGs) between AD and AS. Subsequently, we conducted functional enrichment analysis of the CGs using DAVID. To screen for potential diagnostic genes, we applied the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and constructed a logistic regression model for disease prediction. We established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using STRING (https://cn.string-db.org/) and Cytoscape and analyzed immune cell infiltration using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, NetworkAnalyst (http://www.networkanalyst.ca) was utilized for gene regulation and interaction analysis, and consensus clustering was employed to determine disease subtypes. All statistical analyses and visualizations were performed using various R packages, with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results Through intersection analysis of disease-associated gene modules identified by DEGs and WGCNA, we identified a total of 31 CGs co-existing between AD and AS, with their biological functions primarily associated with immune pathways. LASSO analysis helped us identify three genes (C1QA, MT1M, and RAMP1) as optimal diagnostic CGs for AD and AS. Based on this, we constructed predictive models for both diseases, whose accuracy was validated by external databases. By establishing a PPI network and employing four topological algorithms, we identified four hub genes (C1QB, CSF1R, TYROBP, and FCER1G) within the CGs, closely related to immune cell infiltration. NetworkAnalyst further revealed the regulatory networks of these hub genes. Finally, defining C1 and C2 subtypes for AD and AS respectively based on the expression profiles of CGs, we found the C2 subtype exhibited immune overactivation. Conclusion This study utilized gene expression matrices and various algorithms to explore the potential links between AD and AS. The identification of CGs revealed interactions between these two diseases, with immune and inflammatory imbalances playing crucial roles in their onset and progression. We hope these findings will provide valuable insights for future research on AD and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peishen Wang
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Yihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Han
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Yihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Cheng
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Yihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zi He
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Yihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yihua An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Feng Y, Zhao X, Ruan Z, Li Z, Mo H, Lu F, Shi D. Zinc improves the developmental ability of bovine in vitro fertilization embryos through its antioxidative action. Theriogenology 2024; 221:47-58. [PMID: 38554613 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Zinc, an essential trace mineral, exerts a pivotal influence in various biological processes. Through zinc concentration analysis, we found that the zinc concentration in the bovine embryo in vitro culture (IVC) medium was significantly lower than that in bovine follicular fluid. Therefore, this study explored the impact of zinc sulfate on IVC bovine embryo development and investigated the underlying mechanism. The results revealed a significant decline in zygote cleavage and blastocyst development rates when zinc deficiency was induced using zinc chelator N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) in culture medium during embryo in vitro culture. The influence of zinc-deficiency was time-dependent. Conversely, supplementing 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate to culture medium (CM) increased the cleavage and blastocyst formation rate significantly. Moreover, this supplementation reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, elevated the glutathione (GSH) levels in blastocysts, upregulated the mRNA expression of antioxidase-related genes, and activated the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathways. Furthermore, 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, maintained DNA stability, and enhanced the quality of bovine (in vitro fertilization) IVF blastocysts. In conclusion, the addition of 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate to CM could enhance the antioxidant capacity, activates the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathways, augment mitochondrial membrane potential, and stabilizes DNA, ultimately improving blastocyst quality and in vitro bovine embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, China
| | - Ziyun Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Zhengda Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Hongfang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Fenghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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Zhang H, Qiao W, Liu R, Shi Z, Sun J, Dong S. Development and validation of a novel biomarker panel for Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5224-5248. [PMID: 38462694 PMCID: PMC11006481 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms linking these two diseases remain unclear. METHODS To identify shared core genes between CD and RA, we employed differential gene analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. Functional annotation of these core biomarkers was performed using consensus clustering and gene set enrichment analysis. We also constructed a protein-protein network and a miRNA-mRNA network using multiple databases, and potential therapeutic agents targeting the core biomarkers were predicted. Finally, we confirmed the expression of the genes in the biomarker panel in both CD and RA using quantitative PCR. RESULTS A total of five shared core genes, namely C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9), aquaporin 9 (AQP9), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), and metallothionein 1M (MT1M), were identified as core biomarkers. These biomarkers activate classical pro-inflammatory and immune signaling pathways, influencing immune cell aggregation. Additionally, testosterone was identified as a potential therapeutic agent targeting the biomarkers identified in this study. The expression of genes in the biomarker panel in CD and RA was confirmed through quantitative PCR. CONCLUSION Our study revealed some core genes shared between CD and RA and established a novel biomarker panel with potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Wenhao Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Zuoxiu Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Shuxiao Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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Liu Y, Wang L, Dou X, Du M, Min S, Zhu B, Liu X. Osteogenesis or Apoptosis-Twofold Effects of Zn 2+ on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10945-10957. [PMID: 38463263 PMCID: PMC10918815 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a bioabsorbable metal that shows great potential as an implant material for orthopedic applications. Suitable concentrations of zinc ions promote osteogenesis, while excess zinc ions cause apoptosis. As a result, the conflicting impacts of Zn2+ concentration on osteogenesis could prove to be significant problems for the creation of novel materials. This study thoroughly examined the cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) cultured in various concentrations of Zn2+ in vitro and validated the osteogenesis effects of zinc implantation in vivo. The effective promotion of cell survival, proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) may be achieved at a low concentration of Zn2+ (125 μM). The excessively high concentration of zinc ions (>250 μM) not only reduces BMSCs' viability and proliferation but also causes them to suffer apoptosis due to the disturbed zinc homeostasis and excessive Zn2+. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing was used to examine the underlying mechanisms of zinc-induced osteogenic differentiation with particular attention paid to the PI3K-AKT and TGF-β pathways. The present investigation elucidated the dual impacts of Zn2+ microenvironments on the osteogenic characteristics of rBMSCs and the associated processes and might offer significant insights for refining the blueprint for zinc-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Linbang Wang
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Dou
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Mingze Du
- Department
of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shuyuan Min
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third
Hospital, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Sun K, Gao M, Xu S. Zinc Inhibits Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of ST Cells Through ROS/PTEN/PI3K/AKT Axis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:980-989. [PMID: 37269454 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a widely distributed toxic heavy metal element known to have strong male reproductive toxicity, which can result in issues such as abnormal count and morphology of sperm. Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element for the human body that can antagonize the activity of Pb in some physiological environments, and it also possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific mechanism of Zn's antagonism against Pb remains largely unclear. In our study, we conducted research using swine testis cells (ST cells) and confirmed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration of Pb on ST cells was 994.4 μM, and the optimal antagonistic concentration of Zn was 10 μM. Based on this information, we treated ST cells with Pb and Zn and detected related indices such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway using flow cytometry, DCFH-DA staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot. Our results demonstrated that Pb exposure can generate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupt the antioxidant system, upregulate PTEN expression, and inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway in ST cells. In contrast, Zn significantly inhibited the overproduction of ROS, improved oxidative stress, and decreased PTEN expression, thus protecting the PI3K/AKT pathway compared to Pb-exposed ST cells. Furthermore, we found that Pb exposure exacerbated the expression of genes related to the apoptosis pathway and reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic genes. Furthermore, this situation was significantly improved when co-cultured with Pb and Zn. In summary, our study demonstrated that Zn alleviated Pb-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis through the ROS/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis in ST cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Meichen Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Antia M, Ezejiofor AN, Orish CN, Cirovic A, Cirovic A, Orisakwe OE. Selenium and zinc supplementation mitigates metals-(loids) mixture- mediated cardiopulmonary toxicity via attenuation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in female Sprague Dawley rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad119. [PMID: 38179003 PMCID: PMC10762678 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the cardiopulmonary protective effects of essential elements (Zn and Se) against heavy metals mixture (HMM) exposure. Twenty five female Sprague Dawley albino rats, divided in to five groups: controls were orally treated only with distilled water; next, group 2 was exposed to HMM with the following concentrations: 20 mg/kg of Pb body weight, 0.40 mg/kg of Hg, 0.56 mg/kg of Mn, and 35 mg/kg of Al. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were exposed to HMM and co-treated with zinc chloride (ZnCl2; 0.80 mg/kg), sodium selenite (Na2SeO3;1.50 mg/kg) and both zinc chloride and sodium selenite, respectively. The experiment lasted for 60 days. Afterwards animals were sacrificed, and we conduced biochemical and histopathological examination of the heart and lungs. HMM only exposed animals had an increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), increased IL-6 and TNF-α, attenuated SOD, GPx, CAT and GSH and caspase 3 in the heart and lungs. HMM affected NF-kB and Nrf2 in the heart muscle with histomorphological alterations. Zn and Se attenuated adverse effects of HMM exposure. Essential element supplementation ameliorated heavy metal cardiopulmonary intoxication in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mfoniso Antia
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Choba 5323, Nigeria
| | - Anthonet N Ezejiofor
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Choba 5323, Nigeria
| | - Chinna N Orish
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Choba 5323, Nigeria
| | - Ana Cirovic
- Faculty of Medicine, The Institute of Anatomy, University of Belgrade, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- Faculty of Medicine, The Institute of Anatomy, University of Belgrade, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, East West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Choba 5323, Nigeria
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Desaulniers D, Zhou G, Stalker A, Cummings-Lorbetskie C. Effects of Copper or Zinc Organometallics on Cytotoxicity, DNA Damage and Epigenetic Changes in the HC-04 Human Liver Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15580. [PMID: 37958568 PMCID: PMC10650525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper and zinc organometallics have multiple applications and many are considered "data-poor" because the available toxicological information is insufficient for comprehensive health risk assessments. To gain insight into the chemical prioritization and potential structure activity relationship, the current work compares the in vitro toxicity of nine "data-poor" chemicals to five structurally related chemicals and to positive DNA damage inducers (4-nitroquinoline-oxide, aflatoxin-B1). The HC-04 non-cancer human liver cell line was used to investigate the concentration-response effects (24 h and 72 h exposure) on cell proliferation, DNA damage (γH2AX and DNA unwinding assays), and epigenetic effects (global genome changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications using flow cytometry). The 24 h exposure screening data (DNA abundance and damage) suggest a toxicity hierarchy, starting with copper dimethyldithiocarbamate (CDMDC, CAS#137-29-1) > zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEDC, CAS#14324-55-1) > benzenediazonium, 4-chloro-2-nitro-, and tetrachlorozincate(2-) (2:1) (BDCN4CZ, CAS#14263-89-9); the other chemicals were less toxic and had alternate ranking positions depending on assays. The potency of CDMDC for inducing DNA damage was close to that of the human hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin-B1. Further investigation using sodium-DMDC (SDMDC, CAS#128-04-1), CDMDC and copper demonstrated the role of the interactions between copper and the DMDC organic moiety in generating a high level of CDMDC toxicity. In contrast, additive interactions were not observed with respect to the DNA methylation flow cytometry data in 72 h exposure experiments. They revealed chemical-specific effects, with hypo and hypermethylation induced by copper chloride (CuCl2, CAS#10125-13-0) and zinc-DMDC (ZDMDC, CAS#137-30-4), respectively, but did not show any significant effect of CDMDC or SDMDC. Histone-3 hypoacetylation was a sensitive flow cytometry marker of 24 h exposure to CDMDC. This study can provide insights regarding the prioritization of chemicals for future study, with the aim being to mitigate chemical hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Desaulniers
- Health Canada, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (D.D.)
| | - Gu Zhou
- Health Canada, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada; (D.D.)
| | - Andrew Stalker
- Health Canada, Regulatory Research Division, Biologics and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
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Ishtiaq I, Zeb A, Badshah H, Alattar A, Alshaman R, Koh PO, Rehman NU, Shah FA, Althobaiti YS. Enhanced cardioprotective activity of ferulic acid-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle in an animal model of myocardial injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 476:116657. [PMID: 37597755 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction results in an increased inflammatory and oxidative stress response in the heart, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress after MI may offer protective effects to the heart. In the present study, we examined the cardioprotective effects of ferulic acid (FA) and ferulic acid nanostructured solid lipid nanoparticles (FA-SLNs) in an isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five experimental groups to compare the effects of FA and FA-SLNs. The findings revealed that ISO led to extensive cardiomyopathy, characterized by increased infarction area, edema formation, pressure load, and energy deprivation. Additionally, ISO increased the levels of inflammatory markers (COX-2, NLRP3, and NF-кB) and apoptotic mediators such as p-JNK. However, treatment with FA and FA-SLNs mitigated the severity of the ISO-induced response, and elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes while downregulating inflammatory pathways, along with upregulation of the mitochondrial bioenergetic factor PPAR-γ. Furthermore, virtual docking analysis of FA with various protein targets supported the in vivo results, confirming drug-protein interactions. Overall, the results demonstrated that FA-SLNs offer a promising strategy for protecting the heart from further injury following MI. This is attributed to the improved drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes compared to FA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Ishtiaq
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Zeb
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Badshah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Alattar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alshaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Phil Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yusuf S Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Addiction and Neuroscience Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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Lin CJ, Shih HM, Wu PC, Pan CF, Lin YH, Wu CJ. Plasma selenium and zinc alter associations between nephrotoxic metals and chronic kidney disease: Results from NHANES database 2011-2018. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2023; 52:398-410. [PMID: 38920171 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.202357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition defined as a persistent change in kidney structure or function, or both, that compromises human health. Environmental exposure to heavy metals (e.g. cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury) is common, and high exposure levels are known to cause nephrotoxicity. Micronutrients such as selenium and zinc are positively associated with better kidney function and renal outcomes. This study determined the associations between CKD and heavy metal exposures measured in blood or urine within a community-dwelling population, and assessed whether and how selenium and zinc modified the associations. Method Data were extracted from 4 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2011-2012, 2013-2014, 2015-2016 and 2017-2018). Results Univariate analysis showed that higher quartiles of plasma lead and cadmium concentration were more likely associated with CKD than the lowest quartile, and along with folate, were linked to greater odds of CKD. Conversely, as plasma selenium and serum zinc increased, the odds of CKD decreased. Multivariate analysis had similar results after adjusting for relevant confounders. Higher plasma cadmium quartiles were associated with higher odds of CKD. Associations between higher quartiles of plasma selenium and serum zinc were significantly associated with lower odds of CKD. Conclusion Elevated blood levels of heavy metals increase CKD, whereas elevated concentrations of plasma selenium and serum zinc decrease CKD. A high serum zinc concentration appears to interact with low-toxicity heavy metals to reduce CKD risk. This study suggests that increased selenium and zinc in the body along with avoidance of heavy metal exposures could protect against CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jui Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Mou Shih
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Pan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Hsi Lin
- Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Michalczyk K, Kapczuk P, Witczak G, Tousty P, Bosiacki M, Kurzawski M, Chlubek D, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. An Assessment of MT1A (rs11076161), MT2A (rs28366003) and MT1L (rs10636) Gene Polymorphisms and MT2 Concentration in Women with Endometrial Pathologies. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030773. [PMID: 36981043 PMCID: PMC10048541 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated a relationship between metallothionein (MT) polymorphisms and the development of different pathologies, including neoplastic diseases. However, no studies thus far have been conducted on the influence of MT polymorphisms and the development of endometrial lesions, including endometrial cancer. This study included 140 patients with normal endometrial tissue, endometrial polyps, uterine myomas and endometrial cancer. The tissue MT2 concentration was determined using the ELISA method. MT1A, MT2A and MT1L polymorphisms were analyzed using TaqMan real-time PCR genotyping assays. We found no statistical difference between the tissue MT2 concentration in patients with EC vs. benign endometrium (p = 0.579). However, tissue MT2 concentration was significantly different between uterine fibromas and normal endometrial tissue samples (p = 0.019). Menopause status did not influence the tissue MT2 concentration (p = 0.282). There were no significant associations between the prevalence of MT1A, MT2A and MT1L polymorphisms and MT2 concentration. The age, menopausal status, and diabetes status of patients were identified as EC risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Michalczyk
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Witczak
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Tousty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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11
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Costa MI, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Gonçalves AC. Zinc: From Biological Functions to Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054822. [PMID: 36902254 PMCID: PMC10003636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trace element zinc (Zn) displays a wide range of biological functions. Zn ions control intercellular communication and intracellular events that maintain normal physiological processes. These effects are achieved through the modulation of several Zn-dependent proteins, including transcription factors and enzymes of key cell signaling pathways, namely those involved in proliferation, apoptosis, and antioxidant defenses. Efficient homeostatic systems carefully regulate intracellular Zn concentrations. However, perturbed Zn homeostasis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic human diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, depression, Wilson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other age-related diseases. This review focuses on Zn's roles in cell proliferation, survival/death, and DNA repair mechanisms, outlines some biological Zn targets, and addresses the therapeutic potential of Zn supplementation in some human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inês Costa
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-480-023
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12
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Kim JH, Kang JC. Detoxification effects of ascorbic acid on the oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and metallothionein (MT) gene expression in juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii by the dietary chromium exposure. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108464. [PMID: 36462741 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegelii (mean length 10.8 ± 1.4 cm, and mean weight 31.7 ± 3.6 g) were exposed for 4 weeks with the different levels of dietary chromium (Cr6+) at 0, 120 and 240 mg/L and ascorbic acids (AsA) at 100, 200 and 400 mg/L. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and glutathione (GSH) level of liver and gill were evaluated as antioxidant response indicators for the 4 weeks exposure. The SOD and GST activity of liver and gill were substantially increased by the high concentrations of dietary Cr exposure, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the GSH levels of liver and gill. Metallothionein (MT) gene in liver was significant stimulated in the response to the dietary Cr exposure. In neurotoxicity, AChE activity was considerably inhibited in brain and muscle tissues by dietary Cr exposure. The high levels of AsA supplementation were highly effective to attenuate the alterations in the antioxidant responses, MT gene expression, and AChE activity by the dietary Cr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea.
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13
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Liang ZL, Chen F, Park S, Balasubramanian B, Liu WC. Impacts of Heat Stress on Rabbit Immune Function, Endocrine, Blood Biochemical Changes, Antioxidant Capacity and Production Performance, and the Potential Mitigation Strategies of Nutritional Intervention. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:906084. [PMID: 35720853 PMCID: PMC9201964 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.906084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress has become a widespread concern in the world, which is one of the major environmental stressors and causes substantial economic loss in the rabbit industry. Heat stress leads to multiple damages to the health of rabbits, such as organ damage, oxidative stress, disordered endocrine regulation, suppressed immune function and reproductive disorders, ultimately, induces the decreased production performance and increased mortality. Nutritional approaches, including feeding strategies, adjusting feed formula, and supplementing vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, Chinese herbal medicines, and functional active substances to the feed, were reported to mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress in rabbits. Therefore, elucidating the damage of heat stress to rabbits; proper management and nutritional approaches should be considered to solve the heat stress issue in rabbits. This review highlights the scientific evidence regarding the effects of heat stress on rabbit's immune function, endocrine, blood biochemical changes, antioxidant capacity and production performance, and the potential mitigation strategies of nutritional intervention to alleviate heat stress in rabbits; which could contribute to develop nutritional strategies in relieving heat stress of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Liang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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14
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Takuissu GR, Fonkoua M, Mandob D, Ngoumen D, Ambamba D, Nanhah J, Ngondi Judith L. Subacute effects of hydroethanolic extracts of the pulp of Gambeya africana on glucose plasmatic levels and oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats. Metabol Open 2022; 14:100192. [PMID: 35669094 PMCID: PMC9163575 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress is a key point in the control of diabetes and its complications. The work evaluated the hypoglycemiant and antioxidant properties of pulp extracts of Gambeya africana fruits. The acute toxicity was conducted for 14 days at the dose of 2000 mg/kg via oral gavage. Diabetes was induced in rats by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The effect of the extract on blood glucose levels of diabetic rats was monitored at 2h after administration; and on the 7th and 14th days of treatment (single dose of 400 mg/kg/day). After 2 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed. The oxidative stress markers (Hydroperoxides, Malonedialdehydes, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Total Antioxidant Capacity) and hepato/nephrotoxicity markers (Alanine Amino Transferase, urea, and creatinine) were determined. The hydroethanolic extract of G. africana fruits has a lethal dose upper than 2000 mg/kg. It significantly decreased glucose levels by 28.29% and 84.86% respectively after 2h and 14th days of treatment. The extract increased the antioxidant status and decrease oxidative stress, especially in the pancreas. This study suggests that the hydroethanolic pulp extract of G. africana fruits is a good hypoglycemiant and antioxidant agent and could be a potential source of compounds for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Roussel Takuissu
- Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research (CRASAN), Institute for the Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Cameroon
| | - Martin Fonkoua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Damaris Mandob
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Dany Ngoumen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Dupon Ambamba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jules Nanhah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Laure Ngondi Judith
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Corresponding author.
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15
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Salah I, Adjroud O, Elwej A. Protective Effects of Selenium and Zinc Against Nickel Chloride-Induced Hormonal Changes and Oxidative Damage in Thyroid of Pregnant Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2183-2194. [PMID: 34247319 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nickel chloride (NiCl2) is a heavy metal that may affect the function of the thyroid. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements involved in thyroid hormone metabolism. However, little is reported about thyrotoxicity during gestation. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of selenium and zinc against NiCl2-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Female rats were treated subcutaneously (s.c.) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, with NaCl 0.9% and served as control, NiCl2 (100 mg/kg body weight (BW)) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), ZnCl2 (20 mg/kg, s.c.), or both of them simultaneously. Oxidative stress parameters, thyroid biomarkers, and histopathological examination were evaluated. Results showed that NiCl2 exposure caused a significant decrease in maternal body weight and an increase in absolute and relative thyroid weight compared to the controls. NiCl2 administration also led to decreased plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) with a concomitant significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels when compared to that of control. In addition, an overall pro-oxidant effect was associated with a decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) and nonprotein thiol (NPSH) contents and the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). These biochemical disturbances were confirmed by histological changes. However, the co-treatment of Se and/or ZnCl2 attenuates NiCl2-induced changes. Our findings suggested that Se and ZnCl2 ameliorated NiCl2-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats by exhibiting antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Salah
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, 05078, Fesdis,, Batna 2, Algeria.
| | - Ounassa Adjroud
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, 05078, Fesdis,, Batna 2, Algeria
| | - Awatef Elwej
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health (17ES06), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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16
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Shephard AM, Brown NS, Snell‐Rood EC. Anthropogenic Zinc Exposure Increases Mortality and Antioxidant Gene Expression in Monarch Butterflies with Low Access to Dietary Macronutrients. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1286-1296. [PMID: 35119130 PMCID: PMC9314993 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biologists seek to understand why organisms vary in their abilities to tolerate anthropogenic contaminants, such as heavy metals. However, few studies have considered how tolerance may be affected by condition-moderating factors such as dietary resource availability. For instance, the availability of crucial limiting macronutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, can vary across space and time either naturally or due to anthropogenic nutrient inputs (e.g., agricultural fertilizers or vehicle emissions). Organisms developing in more macronutrient-rich environments should be of higher overall condition, displaying a greater ability to tolerate metal contaminants. In monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), we factorially manipulated dietary macronutrient availability and exposure to zinc, a common metal contaminant in urban habitats that can be toxic but also has nutritional properties. We tested whether (1) the ability to survive zinc exposure depends on dietary macronutrient availability and (2) whether individuals exposed to elevated zinc levels display higher expression of antioxidant genes, given the roles of antioxidants in combatting metal-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to elevated zinc reduced survival only for monarchs developing on a low-macronutrient diet. However, for monarchs developing on a high-macronutrient diet, elevated zinc exposure tended to increase survival. In addition, monarchs exposed to elevated zinc displayed higher expression of antioxidant genes when developing on the low-macronutrient diet but lower expression when developing on the high-macronutrient diet. Altogether, our study shows that organismal survival and oxidative stress responses to anthropogenic zinc contamination depend on the availability of macronutrient resources in the developmental environment. In addition, our results suggest the hypothesis that whether zinc acts as a toxicant or a nutrient may depend on macronutrient supply. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1286-1296. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Noah S. Brown
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Emilie C. Snell‐Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
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17
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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Administering Antioxidant Grape Seed-Derived Polyphenol Compounds: A Potential Application in Aquaculture. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020344. [PMID: 35056658 PMCID: PMC8778215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The supply of nutrients, such as antioxidant agents, to fish cells still represents a challenge in aquaculture. In this context, we investigated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) composed of a combination of Gelucire® 50/13 and Precirol® ATO5 to administer a grape seed extract (GSE) mixture containing several antioxidant compounds. The combination of the two lipids for the SLN formation resulted in colloids exhibiting mean particle sizes in the range 139–283 nm and zeta potential values in the range +25.6–43.4 mV. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction evidenced structural differences between the free GSE and GSE-loaded SLN, leading to the conclusion that GSE alters the structure of the lipid nanocarriers. From a biological viewpoint, cell lines from gilthead seabream and European sea bass were exposed to different concentrations of GSE-SLN for 24 h. In general, at appropriate concentrations, GSE-SLN increased the viability of the fish cells. Furthermore, regarding the gene expression in those cells, the expression of antioxidant genes was upregulated, whereas the expression of hsp70 and other genes related to the cytoskeleton was downregulated. Hence, an SLN formulation containing Gelucire® 50/13/Precirol® ATO5 and GSE may represent a compelling platform for improving the viability and antioxidant properties of fish cells.
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18
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Zhang Z, Zhao S, Wu H, Qin W, Zhang T, Wang Y, Tang Y, Qi S, Cao Y, Gao X. Cross-sectional study: Relationship between serum trace elements and hypertension. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126893. [PMID: 34798511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A balanced intake of trace elements is beneficial for chronic diseases such as hypertension. However, the available information regarding trace elements that may be independently associated with hypertension is limited, and the relationship between this disorder and element ratios also remains unclear. METHODS A total of 6,754 subjects from rural China were selected, after exclusion of patients who were under 18, had incomplete data or had additional related disorders, by multi-stage simple random and cluster sampling (participation rate: 95.22 %). Subjects were divided into a hypertensive (H) and a control (C) group. Data were collected on blood pressure and 12 serum trace elements were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Other basic information was collated from questionnaires and biochemical indicators were measured via kits. RESULTS Differences in serum levels of magnesium (Mg(mg/l): H: 27.43 ± 12.72; C: 26.33 ± 12.16), iron (Fe(mg/l): H: 1.99 ± 1.24; C: 1.84 ± 1.16), copper (Cu(mg/l): H: 1.19 ± 0.37; C: 1.10 ± 0.36), boron (B(μg/l): H: 50.00 ± 25.21; C: 47.57 ± 26.25), selenium (Se(μg/l): H: 125.12 ± 32.81; C: 118.80 ± 29.72) and chromium (Cr(μg/l): H: 8.77 ± 10.12; C: 10.12 ± 10.72) between the hypertensive and control groups were found. There were no differences in serum contents of calcium (Ca(mg/l): H: 112.43 ± 58.25; C: 111.00 ± 59.49), zinc (Zn(mg/l): H: 1.50 ± 1.97; C: 1.44 ± 1.88), arsenic (As(μg/l): H: 4.17 ± 3.94; C: 4.10 ± 4.00), manganese (Mn(μg/l): H: 4.15 ± 4.03; C: 4.07 ± 4.05), cadmium (Cd(μg/l): H: 1.14 ± 1.11; C: 1.18 ± 1.12) or lead (Pb(μg/l): H: 4.22 ± 8.90; C: 4.26 ± 10.25). The serum Cr and Cd concentrations of hypertensive men were lower than that of male controls while Mg, Cu, Ca and Se concentrations in male controls were lower. Further differences were apparent and Fe, B, Se, Mg and Cu all showed higher levels in hypertensive females whereas Cr concentrations were higher in female controls. Serum Zn and B levels showed age-related variations among hypertensive patients and concentrations of serum Cu, Zn, Se and B showed age-related variations among control subjects. For hypertensive patients, the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for the association of serum Cu, Se and Cr levels with hypertension were Cu: 1.36 (1.12-1.66); Se: 1.03 (1.01-1.05); Cr: 0.89 (0.83-0.96). Moreover, when the participants in the grouping with the highest copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) and magnesium/manganese (Mg/Mn) ratios were compared with the reference group, the OR and 95 % CI for hypertension were 1.22 (1.04-1.44) and 1.20 (1.01-1.42), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Levels of serum trace elements showed age- and sex-related differences in a group of rural Chinese adults with hypertension and healthy participants. Serum concentrations of Cu, Se and Cr may be independently associated with hypertension. Higher serum ratios of Cu:Zn and Mg:Mn may also be associated with hypertension. Further randomized trials are necessary to elucidate the true relationship between levels of Cu, Se, Cr, Cu:Zn, Mg:Mn and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengduo Zhang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhao
- Pingyin County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, 250400, China.
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Wen Qin
- Shandong University Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Tianran Zhang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Yanjin Tang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Shaojun Qi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Yiyao Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China.
| | - Xibao Gao
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Su W, Feng M, Liu Y, Cao R, Liu Y, Tang J, Pan K, Lan R, Mao Z. ZnT8 Deficiency Protects From APAP-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress Through Upregulating Hepatic Zinc and Metallothioneins. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:721471. [PMID: 34413780 PMCID: PMC8369884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is an important zinc transporter highly expressed in pancreatic islets. Deficiency of ZnT8 leads to a marked decrease in islet zinc, which is thought to prevent liver diseases associated with oxidative stress. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether loss of islet zinc affects the antioxidant capacity of the liver and acute drug-induced liver injury. To address this question, we treated ZnT8 knockout (KO) or wild-type control mice with 300 mg/ kg acetaminophen (APAP) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Unexpectedly, we found that loss of ZnT8 in mice ameliorated APAP-induced injury and was accompanied by inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, reduced hepatocyte death, and decreased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). An increase in hepatic glutathione (GSH) was observed, corresponding to a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) levels. APAP-induced inflammation and glycogen depletion were alleviated. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1 (CYP2E1), the main enzyme responsible for drug metabolism. Elevated levels of hepatic zinc and metallothionein (MT) were also observed, which may contribute to the hepatoprotective effect in ZnT8 KO mice. Taken together, these results suggest that ZnT8 deficiency protects the liver from APAP toxicity by attenuating oxidative stress and promoting hepatocyte proliferation. This study provides new insights into the functions of ZnT8 and zinc as key mediators linking pancreatic and hepatic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingji Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junyao Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongfeng Lan
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuo Mao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Rahimzadeh MR, Rahimzadeh MR, Kazemi S, Moghadamnia AA. Zinc Poisoning - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:1489-1498. [PMID: 32286942 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200414161944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Zinc poisoning has been reported from many parts of the world. It is one of the global health problems that affect many organs, if exposed by inhalation of zinc vapors or by consumption of contaminated food and water. Long term exposure to zinc compounds from different sources such as air, water, soil, and food, lead to toxic effects on body systems, especially digestive, respiratory, and nerve systems, and also causes cancer. Zinc levels can be determined in blood, urine, hair, and nails. Patients with zinc toxicity need chelating agents, other pharmacological treatment, protective lung ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Rafati Rahimzadeh
- Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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21
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Sassa M, Takagi T, Kinjo A, Yoshioka Y, Zayasu Y, Shinzato C, Kanda S, Murakami-Sugihara N, Shirai K, Inoue K. Divalent metal transporter-related protein restricts animals to marine habitats. Commun Biol 2021; 4:463. [PMID: 33846549 PMCID: PMC8041893 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilization and regulation of metals from seawater by marine organisms are important physiological processes. To better understand metal regulation, we searched the crown-of-thorns starfish genome for the divalent metal transporter (DMT) gene, a membrane protein responsible for uptake of divalent cations. We found two DMT-like sequences. One is an ortholog of vertebrate DMT, but the other is an unknown protein, which we named DMT-related protein (DMTRP). Functional analysis using a yeast expression system demonstrated that DMT transports various metals, like known DMTs, but DMTRP does not. In contrast, DMTRP reduced the intracellular concentration of some metals, especially zinc, suggesting its involvement in negative regulation of metal uptake. Phylogenetic distribution of the DMTRP gene in various metazoans, including sponges, protostomes, and deuterostomes, indicates that it originated early in metazoan evolution. However, the DMTRP gene is only retained in marine species, and its loss seems to have occurred independently in ecdysozoan and vertebrate lineages from which major freshwater and land animals appeared. DMTRP may be an evolutionary and ecological limitation, restricting organisms that possess it to marine habitats, whereas its loss may have allowed other organisms to invade freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Mieko Sassa et al. report a novel divalent metal transporter protein (DMTRP) in the crown-of-thorns starfish genome and determine that all organisms with a DMTRP gene are located in marine habitats. They also show in a functional yeast system that DMTRP can prevent uptake of certain metals, bringing insight into the evolution of metal regulation for marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieko Sassa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan. .,Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Takagi
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Azusa Kinjo
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan.,Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuna Zayasu
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chuya Shinzato
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kotaro Shirai
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Inoue
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan.,Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
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22
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Xu Y, Yu C, Zeng Q, Yao M, Chen X, Zhang A. Assessing the potential value of Rosa Roxburghii Tratt in arsenic-induced liver damage based on elemental imbalance and oxidative damage. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1165-1175. [PMID: 32564172 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic is a major public health challenge worldwide. Growing evidence indicates that coal-burning arsenic can cause hepatic oxidative damage. However, the value of Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT) with antioxidant properties on arsenic-caused hepatic oxidative damage has never been elucidated yet. In this study, the animals were exposed to coal-burning arsenic (10 mg/kg bw) for 90 days and the result showed a loss of body weight, impaired liver function and liver diseases, increased hepatic oxidative damage and metabolic disorder of multiple elements including selenium, copper, zinc which were related to synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. Another finding is that RRT restored the abnormal liver function and alleviated the procedures of liver diseases of arsenic poisoning rats. In addition, it could also effectively reduce the degree of oxidative damage in serum and liver, and restore the activity of some antioxidant enzymes. Importantly, RRT reversed the content of most disordered elements caused by arsenic in liver and reduced the excretion of several essential elements in urine, including selenium, copper and zinc. Our study provides some limited evidence that RRT can alleviate coal-burning arsenic-induced liver damage induced by regulating elemental metabolic disorders and liver oxidation and antioxidant balance. The study provides a scientific basis for further studies of the causes of the arsenic-induced liver damage, and effective intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Yagi H, Fujihara C, Murakami S. Effects of oxidative stress-induced increases in Zn 2+ concentrations in human gingival epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:512-522. [PMID: 33641168 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported that oxidative stress increases intracellular Zn2+ concentrations and induces cytotoxicity. However, no studies have investigated whether oxidative stress induces such changes in periodontal tissue cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of oxidative stress on intracellular Zn2+ concentration in periodontium constituent cells and its potential relationship with periodontal disease. METHODS We analyzed changes in intracellular Zn2+ concentrations in human gingival epithelial (epi4) cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). The fluorescent probes FluoZin-3 AM and CellTracker Green CMFDA were used to detect intracellular Zn2+ and thiol groups, respectively. Western blot analyses, luciferase reporter assays, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were performed to examine the effect of intracellular Zn2+ on epi4 cells. RESULTS H2 O2 treatment increased intracellular concentrations of Zn2+ in epi4 cells by facilitating the movement of Zn2+ from cellular nonprotein thiols to the cytoplasm and promoting cell membrane permeability to Zn2+ . Furthermore, H2 O2 -induced increases in intracellular Zn2+ activated the p38 cAMP response element-binding protein/mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 CREB/MAPK) cascade, upregulated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) DNA binding, and increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9). CONCLUSION Increases in intracellular Zn2+ induced by oxidative stress activate signaling pathways involved in inflammation, potentially contributing to the progression of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yagi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiharu Fujihara
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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24
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Álvarez-Barrios A, Álvarez L, García M, Artime E, Pereiro R, González-Iglesias H. Antioxidant Defenses in the Human Eye: A Focus on Metallothioneins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:89. [PMID: 33440661 PMCID: PMC7826537 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human eye, the highly specialized organ of vision, is greatly influenced by oxidants of endogenous and exogenous origin. Oxidative stress affects all structures of the human eye with special emphasis on the ocular surface, the lens, the retina and its retinal pigment epithelium, which are considered natural barriers of antioxidant protection, contributing to the onset and/or progression of eye diseases. These ocular structures contain a complex antioxidant defense system slightly different along the eye depending on cell tissue. In addition to widely studied enzymatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, peroxiredoxins and selenoproteins, inter alia, metallothioneins (MTs) are considered antioxidant proteins of growing interest with further cell-mediated functions. This family of cysteine rich and low molecular mass proteins captures and neutralizes free radicals in a redox-dependent mechanism involving zinc binding and release. The state of the art of MTs, including the isoforms classification, the main functions described to date, the Zn-MT redox cycle as antioxidant defense system, and the antioxidant activity of Zn-MTs in the ocular surface, lens, retina and its retinal pigment epithelium, dependent on the number of occupied zinc-binding sites, will be comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Álvarez-Barrios
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Montserrat García
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avda. Dres. Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enol Artime
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Rosario Pereiro
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-B.); (L.Á.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (R.P.)
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avda. Dres. Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
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25
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Tariba Lovaković B, Živković Semren T, Safner T, Gamulin M, Soče M, Pizent A. Is low-level metal exposure related to testicular cancer? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:87-107. [PMID: 33576713 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1874234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of element homeostasis may contribute to increased susceptibility of men to cancer development. Whether environmental low-level metal exposure could contribute to the pathogenesis of testicular cancer is unknown. Comparison of the level of 18 elements in whole blood, serum and urine and parameters of oxidative stress/antioxidant status between men with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) and healthy men showed significant difference between the groups in most parameters. The results of linear discriminant analysis with a discrimination rate of 96% indicated whole blood Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na and Zn, serum Ca, Cu, Na and Ni, and urine Cd, Co, Fe and Mn being the strongest predictors of illness. TGCT patients had a significant increase in serum and blood Cu and decrease in serum Fe and blood Zn with cancer progression. Significantly higher concentrations of Al, As, Pb, and Ni in whole blood/serum of men with TGCT confirm the hypothesis that low-level environmental exposure to these elements may contribute to cancer development. Relationship between elements concentrations and treatment outcomes should be carefully monitored during cancer treatment since high concentrations of commonly used platinum-based chemotherapeutics may additionally disturb the homeostasis of elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tanja Živković Semren
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toni Safner
- Department of Plant Breeding Genetics, Biometrics and Experimentation, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Gamulin
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Majana Soče
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alica Pizent
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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26
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Zinc in the Brain: Friend or Foe? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238941. [PMID: 33255662 PMCID: PMC7728061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a trace metal ion in the central nervous system that plays important biological roles, such as in catalysis, structure, and regulation. It contributes to antioxidant function and the proper functioning of the immune system. In view of these characteristics of zinc, it plays an important role in neurophysiology, which leads to cell growth and cell proliferation. However, after brain disease, excessively released and accumulated zinc ions cause neurotoxic damage to postsynaptic neurons. On the other hand, zinc deficiency induces degeneration and cognitive decline disorders, such as increased neuronal death and decreased learning and memory. Given the importance of balance in this context, zinc is a biological component that plays an important physiological role in the central nervous system, but a pathophysiological role in major neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the multiple roles of zinc in the brain.
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27
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Ugwuja EI, Vincent N, Ikaraoha IC, Ohayi SR. Zinc ameliorates lead toxicity by reducing body Pb burden and restoring Pb-induced haematological and biochemical derangements. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847320956562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Studies on nutritional factors, including zinc in ameliorating the deleterious effects of potentially toxic elements have been scarce and the findings have been inconsistent.Aim:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative potential of zinc against lead-induced toxicity in rats.Materials and methods:Male albino rats (n = 24) assigned into four groups of six/group: normal control (NC), zinc control (ZnC; 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), lead control (PbC; 50 mg/kg PbCl2) and lead plus zinc (Pb + Zn; 50 mg/kg PbCl2plus 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), respectively were investigated. All administrations were through oral route and lasted for 42 days after which blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical analyses using standard techniques.Results:Results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HBC), red blood cell count (RBC) were significant (p < 0.05) reduced while total white blood cell count (TWBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets were significantly elevated in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Also liver and renal function parameters as well as the liver and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated while antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Concentrations of lead were in the order: blood > liver > kidney in the PbC group. In addition to restoration of the altered parameters, administration of zinc in Pb + Zn group significantly reduced the raised lead concentrations in the plasma and organs.Conclusion:Reduction in body Pb burden and restoration of Pb-induced derangements in haematological and biochemical parameters by Zn strongly support the ameliorative property of Zn against Pb-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Nweze Vincent
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu C Ikaraoha
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Samuel R Ohayi
- Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
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28
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Chronic treatment with cinnamaldehyde prevents spontaneous atherosclerotic plaque development in ovariectomized LDLr-/- female mice. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Pessanha de Carvalho L, Held J, de Melo EJT. Essential and nonessential metal effects on extracellular Leishmania amazonensis in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2019; 209:107826. [PMID: 31881207 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Protozoan parasites like Leishmania amazonensis are excellent models to test the effects of new drugs against a functional molecular arsenal used to establish successfully an infection in the vertebrate host, where they invade the cells of the monocytic system. However, little is known about the influence of metal ions on the cellular functionality of the infective forms of L. amazonensis. In the present work, we show that ZnCl2 (an essential metal to cellular metabolism) did not induce drastic effects on the survival of the promastigote under the conditions tested. However, incubation of ZnCl2 prior to subsequent treatment with CdCl2 and HgCl2 led to a drastic toxic effect on parasite survival in vitro. Nonessential metals such as CdCl2 and HgCl2 promoted a drastic effect on parasite survival progressively with increasing dose and time of exposure. Notably, HgCl2 produced an effective elimination of the parasite in doses/time smaller than the CdCl2. This toxic action induced in the parasite a high condensation of the nuclear heterochromatin, besides the absence or de-structuring of functional organelles such as glycosomes, acidocalcisomes, and mitochondria in the cytoplasm. Our results suggest that promastigotes of L. amazonensis are sensitive to the toxic activity of nonessential metals, and that this activity increases when parasites are previously exposed to Zn. To summarize, toxic effects of the tested metals are dose and time dependent and can be used as a study model to better understand the functionality of the molecular arsenal responsible for the parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Pessanha de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, State University of Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque California, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Edésio José Tenório de Melo
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, State University of Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque California, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brazil.
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30
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Heredia-García G, Gómez-Oliván LM, Orozco-Hernández JM, Luja-Mondragón M, Islas-Flores H, SanJuan-Reyes N, Galar-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Dublán-García O. Alterations to DNA, apoptosis and oxidative damage induced by sucralose in blood cells of Cyprinus carpio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:411-421. [PMID: 31351285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sucralose (SUC) is an organochlorine that is used as a common sweetener in different dietary products around the world. Its extended use and production have led to this product is released into the environment in concentrations ranging from ng L-1 to μg L-1 in surface waters, groundwaters, wastewater treatment plants and ocean waters. A previous study carried out by our research team demonstrated that SUC is capable of inducing oxidative stress in Cyprinus carpio at environmentally-relevant concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate if SUC was capable of inducing alterations to DNA, apoptosis, and oxidative damage in the blood cells of C. carpio. Carps were exposed to two environmentally-relevant concentrations (0.05 and 155 μg L-1) of SUC, and the following biomarkers were determined: comet assay, micronucleus test (MN), caspase-3 activity, TUNEL assay, hydroperoxide content, lipid peroxidation level, protein carbonyl content and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Results obtained showed that SUC is capable of inducing DNA damage. A maximum increase of 35% and 23% were observed for c1 and c2, respectively in the comet assay; increases of 586% and 507.7% for c1 and c2, respectively, were found at 72 h through the MN test. The activity of caspase-3 showed a greater response for c1 and c2 at 96 h, with 271% and 493.5%, respectively. TUNEL assay also showed the highest response at 96 h, with 51.8 for c1 and 72.9 for c2; c1 y c2 were able to induce oxidative stress with the highest expression at 72 h. A correlation between DNA damage biomarkers, apoptosis and plasma levels of SUC in both concentrations were observed. With the data obtained, we can conclude that SUC, at environmentally-relevant concentrations, was capable of generating DNA alterations, apoptosis and oxidative stress in blood cells in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Heredia-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marlenee Luja-Mondragón
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Nely SanJuan-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Octavio Dublán-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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Nizamani P, Afridi HI, Kazi TG, Talpur FN, Baig JA. Essential trace elemental levels (zinc, iron and copper) in the biological samples of smoker referent and pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:1230-1239. [PMID: 31799123 PMCID: PMC6883299 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is linked with tuberculosis recurrence. Pakistan has not only high TB number of TB cases (fifth) but also high level of multidrug-resistant TB (fourth) in the world. Cu/Zn ratio was also considerably greater in all biological samples of TB patients as compared to the control group. The analysis the levels of the elements, {Fe, Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio} may help the studies on the development of TB disease.
Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of illnesses and deaths throughout world particularly in Asia. Smoking is linked with tuberculosis recurrence and its mortality and may influence bacteriological conversion, clinical symptoms and treatment outcome. The aim of current study was to estimate association among essential trace elements {zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu)} in human biological samples particularly blood, serum, scalp hair, saliva, sputum, and nasal fluid of smoking and nonsmoking pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 165, age ranged 16–35 years) residents of Hyderabad, Pakistan. The biological samples of age matched healthy controls were chosen as referents of both genders (n = 171) for the comparison purpose. The human biological samples were wet digested in microwave oven by 65 % HNO3 and 30 % H2O2 with (2:1) ratio. The concentrations of elements in acid digested samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The average zinc and iron concentration was lower, while level of copper was higher in the biological samples of pulmonary Tuberculosis patients as compared to referent subjects (p < .001). It was also concluded as a result of Zn and Fe deficiency combined with high contact of copper due to smoking of tobacco can be synergistic with the risk factors related with pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palwasha Nizamani
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
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Prendergast-Miller MT, Katsiamides A, Abbass M, Sturzenbaum SR, Thorpe KL, Hodson ME. Polyester-derived microfibre impacts on the soil-dwelling earthworm Lumbricus terrestris. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:453-459. [PMID: 31103005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is everywhere. In terrestrial environments, microfibres (MFs) generated from textile laundering are believed to form a significant component of MPs entering soils, mainly through sewage sludge and compost applications. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of MFs on a keystone soil organism. We exposed the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris to soil with polyester MFs incorporated at rates of 0, 0.1 and 1.0 %w/w MF for a period of 35 days (in the dark at 15 °C; n = 4 for each treatment). Dried plant litter was applied at the soil surface as a food source for the earthworms. We assessed earthworm vitality through mortality, weight change, depurate production and MF avoidance testing. In addition, we measured stress biomarker responses via the expression of metallothionein-2 (mt-2), heat shock protein (hsp70) and superoxide dismutase (sod-1). Our results showed that exposure and ingestion of MFs (as evidenced by subsequent retrieval of MFs within earthworm depurates) were not lethal to earthworms, nor did earthworms actively avoid MFs. However, earthworms in the MF1.0% treatment showed a 1.5-fold lower cast production, a 24.3-fold increase in expression of mt-2 (p < 0.001) and a 9.9-fold decline in hsp70 expression (p < 0.001). Further analysis of soil and MF samples indicated that metal content was not a contributor to the biomarker results. Given that burrowing and feeding behaviour, as well as molecular genetic biomarkers, were modulated in earthworms exposed to MFs, our study highlights potential implications for soil ecosystem processes due to MF contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Katsiamides
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Mustafa Abbass
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Stephen R Sturzenbaum
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Karen L Thorpe
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, Wentworth Way, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Mark E Hodson
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, Wentworth Way, YO10 5NG, UK
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Alexander TC, Han FX, Arslan Z, Tchounwou PB. Toxicity of As in Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico at the presence of Zn and its antioxidant defense mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:514-522. [PMID: 30743167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the free radicals (e.g. hydroxyl, nitric acid, superoxide) cause damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. Increased production of ROS occurs from pollution. Process of removal or neutralization of ROS is achieved through antioxidants enzyme defense systems and provide homeostasis within biological systems. Aerobic organisms have complex antioxidant systems using enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to prevent overproduction of ROS. This study examined the toxic effects of arsenic and zinc on Eastern oysters, their interaction and resulting enzymatic responses. Cellular damage as indicated with lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defensive enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GPX and catalase, CAT) were measured in the hepatopancreas of Eastern oysters exposed to single and combined treatments of arsenic and zinc for 30 days. The results showed either arsenic or zinc exposure significantly increased the lipid peroxidation and triggered antioxidant defenses. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX and CAT) were markedly elevated upon expose of As or Zn. However, at the presence of Zn, As toxicity expressed as lipid oxidation significantly decreased as well as accordingly decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This revealed that the presence of Zn showed a significantly antagonistic effect on arsenic toxicity in Eastern oysters from Northern Gulf of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turquoise C Alexander
- Environmental Science Ph.D. program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Fengxiang X Han
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, United States.
| | - Zikri Arslan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, United States
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Environmental Science Ph.D. program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, United States
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Impact of zinc and arginine on antioxidant status of weanling piglets raised under commercial conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5:227-233. [PMID: 31528723 PMCID: PMC6737496 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of dietary zinc and L-arginine supplements on the weight gain, feed efficiency, antioxidant capacity and oxidative status of weanling piglets raised under commercial conditions were examined. A total of 288 piglets aged 21 d were fed for 15 d a diet supplemented or not with 2,500 mg/kg of zinc (provided as zinc oxide) and 1% L-arginine·HCl. The 4 treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design with 6 initial body weight categories (12 animals per pen). Access to feed and water was ad libitum. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial experiment using the SAS MIXED procedure, with zinc and arginine as the main independent variables. Blood collection day (d 8 and 15, samples were collected from the same 2 piglets in each pen before the morning feeding) was included as a third factor. The zinc supplement increased the average daily gain (ADG) from d 0 to 7, d 8 to 15 and d 0 to 15 (0.289 vs. 0.217 kg/d), average daily feed intake (ADFI) from d 8 to 15 and d 0 to 15 (0.338 vs. 0.279 kg/d) and the gain to feed (G:F) ratio from d 0 to 7 and d 0 to 15 (0.86 vs. 0.77) (P < 0.001). Both supplements significantly decreased the malondialdehyde concentration (zinc: 4.37 vs. 3.91 μmol/L, P = 0.005; arginine: 4.38 vs. 3.89 μmol/L, P = 0.002). Total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione (GSH) increased from d 8 to 15 (0.953 vs. 1.391 μmol/L, 2.22 vs. 3.37 μmol/L, P < 0.05) regardless of dietary treatment. Total and oxidized GSH concentrations on d 8 were higher in response to the combined supplements (zinc × arginine interaction, P < 0.05). Piglets fed either Zn-supplemented diet had a lower haptoglobin serum concentration (509 vs. 1,417 mg/L; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the zinc supplement improved piglet growth performance (ADG and ADFI) and oxidative status (based on malondialdehyde concentration). The arginine supplement had a limited effect on growth performance and oxidative status under these conditions.
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Chu L, Yang L, Lin L, Wei J, Wang N, Xu M, Qiao G, Zheng G. Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:445-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Sethi K, Rao K, Bolton D, Patel O, Ischia J. Targeting HIF-1 α to Prevent Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Does It Work? Int J Cell Biol 2018; 2018:9852791. [PMID: 30595695 PMCID: PMC6286753 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9852791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial nephrectomy (open or minimally invasive) usually requires temporary renal arterial occlusion to limit intraoperative bleeding and improve access to intrarenal structures. This is a time-critical step due to the critical ischemia period of renal tissue. Prolonged renal ischemia may lead to irreversible nephron damage in the remaining tissue and, ultimately, chronic kidney disease. This is potentiated by the incompletely understood ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). A key mechanism in IRI prevention appears to be the upregulation of an intracellular transcription protein, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF). HIF mediates metabolic adaptation, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, cell growth, survival, and apoptosis. Upregulating HIF-1α via ischemic preconditioning (IPC) or drugs that simulate hypoxia (hypoxia-mimetics) has been investigated as a method to reduce IRI. While many promising chemical agents have been trialed for the prevention of IRI in small animal studies, all have failed in human trials. The aim of this review is to highlight the techniques and drugs that target HIF-1α and ameliorate IRI associated with renal ischemia. Developing a technique or drug that could reduce the risk of acute kidney injury associated with renal IRI would have an immediate worldwide impact on multisystem surgeries that would otherwise risk ischemic tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Sethi
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Urology Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Kenny Rao
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Urology Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Urology Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Oneel Patel
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph Ischia
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Urology Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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Mattioli GA, Rosa DE, Turic E, Relling AE, Galarza E, Fazzio LE. Effects of Copper and Zinc Supplementation on Weight Gain and Hematological Parameters in Pre-weaning Calves. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:327-331. [PMID: 29404982 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cow-calf operations may be affected by trace mineral deficiencies, particularly copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) deficiency, which may decrease the calf daily weight gain and alter hematological parameters. We evaluated the effect of Cu and Zn supplementation on pre-weaning calves (n = 40; 92 ± 6 kg initial body weight) from the Salado River basin, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Calves were divided into four groups (n = 10 each) and subcutaneously administered 0.3 mg/kg Cu (Cu group), 1 mg/kg Zn (Zn group), Cu and Zn together (Cu + Zn group), and sterile saline solution (control group) every 40 days for 120 days. Plasma Cu and Zn concentrations, hematological parameters, and weight were recorded every 40 days. A completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial treatment design was used and data were analyzed with a mixed model for repeated measures over time. Cu and Zn were detected in plasma after the second sampling. Cu × Zn interaction was significant (p = 0.09), being Cu concentration higher in the Cu + Zn than in the Cu group. Differences in weight gain (Zn × time interaction; p < 0.01) were observed in the Zn but not in the Cu group (p > 0.1). On the other hand, none of the treatments altered any of the hematological parameters assessed (p > 0.1). Our results show the risk of lower weight gain due to Zn deficiency in pre-weaning calves raised in the Salado River basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Alberto Mattioli
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 118, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Diana Esther Rosa
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 118, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Alejandro Enrique Relling
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 118, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Esteban Galarza
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 118, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luis Emilio Fazzio
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 118, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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Cui S, Lv X, Li W, Li Z, Liu H, Gao Y, Huang G. Folic acid modulates VPO1 DNA methylation levels and alleviates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Redox Biol 2018; 19:81-91. [PMID: 30125807 PMCID: PMC6105767 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury and apoptosis play a primary role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Moreover, accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative injury is an important risk factor for endothelial cell damage. In addition, low folate levels are considered a contributing factor to promotion of vascular disease because of the deregulation of DNA methylation. We aimed to investigate the effects of folic acid on injuries induced by oxidative stress that occur via an epigenetic gene silencing mechanism in ApoE knockout mice fed a high-fat diet and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). We assessed how folic acid influenced the levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, an oxidative DNA damage marker) and cellular apoptosis in in vivo and in vitro models. Furthermore, we analyzed DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity, vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) expression, and promoter methylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Our data showed that folic acid reduced 8-OHdG levels and decreased apoptosis in the aortic tissue of ApoE−/− mice. Likewise, our in vitro experiments showed that folic acid protects against endothelial dysfunction induced by ox-LDL by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-derived oxidative injuries, 8-OHdG content, and the apoptosis ratio. Importantly, this effect was indirectly caused by increased DNMT activity and altered DNA methylation at VPO1 promoters, as well as changes in the abundance of VPO1 expression. Collectively, we conclude that folic acid supplementation may prevent oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and suppresses ROS levels through downregulating VPO1 as a consequence of changes in DNA methylation, which may contribute to beneficial effects on endothelial function. Folic acid reduces oxidative stress-induced injuries in atherosclerosis. Folic acid decreases 8-OHdG levels and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Folic acid supplementation increases DNMT levels and regulates VPO1 expression. VPO1 expression is modulated by epigenetic silencing via promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhenshu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Intracellular development of Trypanosoma cruzi in the presence of metals. J Parasit Dis 2018; 42:372-381. [PMID: 30166784 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-018-1010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is transmitted to vertebrate hosts during the feeding of blood-sucking insects. After the invasion of host cells, the parasite resides within the parasitophorous vacuole until to escape to host cytoplasm and to proliferate, establishing an infection. Studies demonstrated that some intracellular parasites have to acquire all essential nutrients as well as transition metals from the host cell to be pathogenic, to maintain the homeostasis and to replicate. The present study investigated the progressive steps of the intracellular parasite development and establishment of infection in the presence of ZnCl2, CdCl2 and HgCl2. LLC-MK2 cells were infected with trypomastigotes during 6-84 h to investigate the steps of intracellular parasite development. After the host cells were infected during 12 h and treated with metals during 24 or 60 h or they were treated for 24 h and cultured for 72 h more to observe the reversibility. The results showed that the non-synchronous invasion of trypomastigotes resulted in an increasing number of intracellular parasites in intermediary forms (until 24 h post-infection), the appearance (from 36 h) and proliferation (84 h) of the amastigotes. The 24 h-treatments were not enough to impair parasite escape to the host cytoplasm and reproduction. However, 60 h of incubations led to a significant reduction in parasite numbers, as well as the reversibility assays. In conclusion, new insights about the intracellular T. cruzi development in the presence of metals were provided, and further studies should be performed to investigate the events involved in parasite death and elimination.
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40
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Yue YC, Li MH, Wang HB, Zhang BL, He W. The toxicological mechanisms and detoxification of depleted uranium exposure. Environ Health Prev Med 2018; 23:18. [PMID: 29769021 PMCID: PMC5956823 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) has been widely applied in industrial and military activities, and is often obtained from producing fuel for nuclear reactors. DU may be released into the environment, polluting air, soil, and water, and is considered to exert both radiological and chemical toxicity. In humans and animals, DU can induce multiple health effects, such as renal tubular necrosis and bone malignancies. This review summarizes the known information on DU’s routes of entry, mechanisms of toxicity, and health effects. In addition, we survey the chelating agents used in ameliorating DU toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Yue
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Mairinger FD, Schmeller J, Borchert S, Wessolly M, Mairinger E, Kollmeier J, Hager T, Mairinger T, Christoph DC, Walter RFH, Eberhardt WEE, Plönes T, Wohlschlaeger J, Jasani B, Schmid KW, Bankfalvi A. Immunohistochemically detectable metallothionein expression in malignant pleural mesotheliomas is strongly associated with early failure to platin-based chemotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22254-22268. [PMID: 29854276 PMCID: PMC5976462 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a biologically highly aggressive tumor arising from the pleura with a dismal prognosis. Cisplatin is the drug of choice for the treatment of MPM, and carboplatin seems to have comparable efficacy. Nevertheless, cisplatin treatment results in a response rate of merely 14% and a median survival of less than seven months. Due to their role in many cellular processes, methallothioneins (MTs) have been widely studied in various cancers. The known heavy metal detoxifying effect of MT-I and MT-II may be the reason for heavy metal drug resistance of various cancers including MPM. Methods 105 patients were retrospectively analyzed immunohistochemically for their MT expression levels. Survival analysis was done by Cox-regression, and statistical significance determined using likelihood ratio, Wald test and Score (logrank) tests. Results Cox-regression analyses were done in a linear and logarithmic scale revealing a significant association between expression of MT and shortened overall survival (OS) in a linear (p=0.0009) and logarithmic scale (p=0.0003). Reduced progression free survival (PFS) was also observed for MT expressing tumors (linear: p=0.0134, log: p=0.0152). Conclusion Since both, overall survival and progression-free survival are negatively correlated with detectable MT expression in MPM, our results indicate a possible resistance to platin-based chemotherapy associated with MT expression upregulation, found exclusively in progressive MPM samples. Initial cell culture studies suggest promoter DNA hypomethylation and expression of miRNA-566 a direct regulator of copper transporter SLC31A1 and a putative regulator of MT1A and MT2A gene expression, to be responsible for the drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian D Mairinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Schmeller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Borchert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Wessolly
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elena Mairinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Kollmeier
- Department of Pneumology, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Hager
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Mairinger
- Department of Pathology, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel C Christoph
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Internistic Oncology, Kliniken Essen Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert F H Walter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Centre, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wilfried E E Eberhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Centre, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Till Plönes
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracical Endoscopy, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jeremias Wohlschlaeger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Diakonissenkrankenhaus Flensburg, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Bharat Jasani
- Department of Pathology, Targos Molecular Pathology GmbH, Kassel, Germany
| | - Kurt Werner Schmid
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Agnes Bankfalvi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Hepatoprotective Activity of Vitamin E and Metallothionein in Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Ctenopharyngodon idellus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9506543. [PMID: 29849926 PMCID: PMC5924983 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9506543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As an environmental and industrial pollutant, cadmium (Cd) can cause a broad spectrum of toxicological effects. Multiple organs, especially the liver, are considerably affected by Cd in both humans and animals. We investigated the protective effects of metallothionein (MT) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on Cd-induced apoptosis in the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) liver. Grass carp were divided into four groups: the control group, Cd + phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group, Cd + VE group, and Cd + MT group. All fish were injected with CdCl2 on the first day and then VE, MT, and PBS were given 4 days postinjection, respectively. The results showed that Cd administration resulted in liver poisoning in grass carp, which was expressed as an increase in Cd contents, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, percentage of hepatocyte apoptosis, and apoptosis-related gene mRNA transcript expression. However, VE and MT treatments protected against Cd-induced hepatotoxicity in grass carp by decreasing Cd contents, lipid peroxidation, and histological damage and reducing the percentage of hepatocyte apoptosis by regulating related mRNA transcript expression. These data demonstrate that oxidative stress and activation of the caspase signaling cascade play a critical role in Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. However, VE and MT alleviate Cd-induced hepatotoxicity through their antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects, and MT has a more powerful effect than VE.
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Pan S, Jia B, Liu H, Wang Z, Chai MZ, Ding MZ, Zhou X, Li X, Li C, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Endogenous lycopene improves ethanol production under acetic acid stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:107. [PMID: 29643937 PMCID: PMC5891932 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetic acid, generated from the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, is a significant obstacle for lignocellulosic ethanol production. Reactive oxidative species (ROS)-mediated cell damage is one of important issues caused by acetic acid. It has been reported that decreasing ROS level can improve the acetic acid tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RESULTS Lycopene is known as an antioxidant. In the study, we investigated effects of endogenous lycopene on cell growth and ethanol production of S. cerevisiae in acetic acid media. By accumulating endogenous lycopene during the aerobic fermentation of the seed stage, the intracellular ROS level of strain decreased to 1.4% of that of the control strain during ethanol fermentation. In the ethanol fermentation system containing 100 g/L glucose and 5.5 g/L acetic acid, the lag phase of strain was 24 h shorter than that of control strain. Glucose consumption rate and ethanol titer of yPS002 got to 2.08 g/L/h and 44.25 g/L, respectively, which were 2.6- and 1.3-fold of the control strain. Transcriptional changes of INO1 gene and CTT1 gene confirmed that endogenous lycopene can decrease oxidative stress and improve intracellular environment. CONCLUSIONS Biosynthesis of endogenous lycopene is first associated with enhancing tolerance to acetic acid in S. cerevisiae. We demonstrate that endogenous lycopene can decrease intracellular ROS level caused by acetic acid, thus increasing cell growth and ethanol production. This work innovatively puts forward a new strategy for second generation bioethanol production during lignocellulosic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Zhe Chai
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
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Differential gene expression revealed with RNA-Seq and parallel genotype selection of the ornithine decarboxylase gene in fish inhabiting polluted areas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4820. [PMID: 29556088 PMCID: PMC5859300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How organisms adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions by means of plasticity or selection of favorable genetic variants is a central issue in evolutionary biology. In the Maipo River basin, the fish Basilichthys microlepidotus inhabits polluted and non-polluted areas. Previous studies have suggested that directional selection drives genomic divergence between these areas in 4% of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) loci, but the underlying genes and functions remain unknown. We hypothesized that B. microlepidotus in this basin has plastic and/or genetic responses to these conditions. Using RNA-Seq, we identified differentially expressed genes in individuals from two polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting non-polluted sites. In one polluted site, the main upregulated genes were related to cellular proliferation as well as suppression and progression of tumors, while biological processes and molecular functions involved in apoptotic processes were overrepresented in the upregulated genes of the second polluted site. The ornithine decarboxylase gene (related to tumor promotion and progression), which was overexpressed in both polluted sites, was sequenced, and a parallel pattern of a heterozygote deficiency and increase of the same homozygote genotype in both polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting the non-polluted sites was detected. These results suggest the occurrence of both a plastic response in gene expression and an interplay between phenotypic change and genotypic selection in the face of anthropogenic pollution.
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Cui S, Li W, Lv X, Wang P, Huang G, Gao Y. Folic acid attenuates homocysteine and enhances antioxidative capacity in atherosclerotic rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:1015-1022. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that can seriously endanger human life. Folic acid supplementation modulates several disorders, including atherosclerosis, via its antiapoptotic and antioxidative properties. This study investigated whether folic acid alleviates atherogenesis by restoring homocysteine levels and antioxidative capacity in atherosclerosis Wistar rats. To this end, 28 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) as follows: (i) wild-type group, fed only the AIN-93 semi-purified rodent diet (folic acid: 2.1 mg/kg); (ii) high-fat + folic acid-deficient group (HF+DEF) (folic acid: 0.2 mg/kg); (iii) high-fat + normal folic acid group (folic acid: 2.1 mg/kg); and (iv) high-fat + folic acid-supplemented group (folic acid: 4.2 mg/kg). After 12 weeks, histopathological changes in the atherosclerotic lesions of the aortic arch were determined. In addition, serum folate levels, plasma homocysteine levels, plasma S-adenosyl-homocysteine levels, antioxidant status, oxidant status, and lipid profiles were evaluated. The results show aggravated atherosclerotic lesions in the HF+DEF group. Folic acid supplementation increased concentrations of serum folate. Further, folic acid supplementation increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, decreased plasma homocysteine levels, and improved antioxidant capacity in atherogenic rats. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that folic acid alleviates atherogenesis by reducing plasma homocysteine levels and improving antioxidant capacity in rats fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Pengyan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
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Zieminska E, Ruszczynska A, Lazarewicz JW. Tetrabromobisphenol A disturbs zinc homeostasis in cultured cerebellar granule cells: A dual role in neurotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:363-375. [PMID: 28919410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) has recognized neurotoxic properties mediated by intracellular Ca2+ imbalance and oxidative stress. Although these factors are known to trigger the release of Zn2+ from intracellular stores, the effects of TBBPA on Zn2+ homeostasis in neurons and the role of Zn2+in TBBPA neurotoxicity have not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated zinc transients in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells and assessed their involvement in TBBPA neurotoxicity. The results demonstrate that TBBPA releases Zn2+ from the intracellular stores and increases its intracellular concentration, followed by Zn2+ displacement from the cells. TBBPA-evoked Zn2+ transients are partially mediated by Ca2+ and ROS. Application of TPEN, Zn2+ chelator, potentiates TBBPA- and glutamate-induced 45Ca uptake, enhances TBBPA-induced ROS production and potentiates decreases in the ΔΨm in cells treated with 25 μM TBBPA, revealing the potential neuroprotective capacity of endogenous Zn2+. However, the administration of TPEN does not aggravate TBBPA neurotoxicity, and even slightly decreases neuronal death induced by 25 μM TBBPA. In summary, it was shown for the first time that TBBPA interferes with the cellular Zn2+ homeostasis in neuronal cultures, and we revealed complex roles for endogenous Zn2+ in cytoprotection and TBBPA toxicity in cultured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Zieminska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Ruszczynska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy W Lazarewicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Feed supplementation with arginine and zinc on antioxidant status and inflammatory response in challenged weanling piglets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:236-246. [PMID: 29767161 PMCID: PMC5941224 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although supplementing the diet with zinc oxide and arginine is known to improve growth in weanling piglets, the mechanism of action is not well understood. We measured the antioxidant status and inflammatory response in 48 weanling castrated male piglets fed diets supplemented with or without zinc oxide (2,500 mg Zn oxide per kg) and arginine (1%) starting at the age of 20 days. The animals were injected with lipopolysaccharide (100 μg/kg) on day 5. Half of them received another injection on day 12. Blood samples were taken just before and 6, 24 and 48 h after injection and the mucosa lining the ileum was recovered following euthanizing on days 7 and 14. Zinc supplementation increased reduced and total glutathione (GSH) (reduced and total) during days 5 to 7 and arginine decreased oxidized GSH measured on days 5 and 12 and the ratio of total antioxidant capacity to total oxidative status during days 12 to 14. Zinc decreased plasma malondialdehyde measured on days 5 and 12 and serum haptoglobin measured on day 12 and increased both metallothionein-1 expression and total antioxidant capacity measured in the ileal mucosa on day 14. Tumour necrosis factor α concentration decreased from days 5 to 12 (all effects were significant at P < 0.05). This study shows that the zinc supplement reduced lipid oxidation and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation during the post-weaning period, while the arginine supplementation had only a limited effect.
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Ogata F, Satoh R, Kita A, Sugiura R, Kawasaki N. Evaluation of a novel method for measurement of intracellular calcium ion concentration in fission yeast. J Toxicol Sci 2017; 42:159-166. [PMID: 28321042 DOI: 10.2131/jts.42.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of metal and metalloid species in each of the cell compartments is termed as "metallome". It is important to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the beneficial or toxic effects exerted by a given metal or metalloid on human health. Therefore, we developed a method to measure intracellular metal ion concentration (particularly, intracellular calcium ion) in fission yeast. We evaluated the effects of nitric acid (HNO3), zymolyase, and westase treatment on cytolysis in fission yeast. Moreover, we evaluated the changes in the intracellular calcium ion concentration in fission yeast in response to treatment with/without micafungin. The fission yeast undergoes lysis when treated with 60% HNO3, which is simpler and cheaper compared to the other treatments. Additionally, the intracellular calcium ion concentration in 60% HNO3-treated fission yeast was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. This study yields significant information pertaining to measurement of the intracellular calcium ion concentration in fission yeast, which is useful for elucidating the physiological or pathological functions of calcium ion in the biological systems. This study is the first step to obtain perspective view on the effect of the metallome in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Ogata
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
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Chen SX, Yang XZ, Deng Y, Huang J, Li Y, Sun Q, Yu CP, Zhu Y, Hong WS. Silver nanoparticles induce oocyte maturation in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 170:51-60. [PMID: 27974271 PMCID: PMC5575830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Public concern regarding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the environment has been increasing since they can cause adverse effects in some aquatic species. However, few data are actually available on the effects of AgNPs on the germ cells. In the present study, we used the zebrafish ovarian follicle as a model to assess the potentially adverse effects of AgNPs on oocyte maturation (germinal vesicle breakdown, GVBD) in vitro. Similar to the maturation inducing hormone (17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one), AgNPs induced GVBD, and reduced the total cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in zebrafish ovarian follicles. The results from transmission electron microscope observation and Hoechst 33342 staining clearly indicated that AgNPs induced apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells surrounding the oocyte. Similar to AgNPs, AgNO3 also induced GVBD, decreased cAMP concentration and induced apoptosis of ovarian follicle cells. However, the results from gene expression analysis showed that transcript levels of oxidative stress related genes were more sensitive to AgNPs than AgNO3. Further more, H2O2 has an ability to induce zebrafish oocytes maturation by induction of apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells. Taken together, the results from our study indicated that oxidative stress appeared to be one of important mechanisms in AgNP induced apoptosis in ovarian follicle cells, which further triggered the GVBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
| | - Xiao Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Wan Shu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
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Yuan B, Yang XQ, Kou M, Lu CY, Wang YY, Peng J, Chen P, Jiang JH. Selenylation of Polysaccharide from the Sweet Potato and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antitumor, and Antidiabetic Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:605-617. [PMID: 28052202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interest in sweet potato as a functional food is growing. A polysaccharide (SWP) was isolated from the sweet potato tuber and elucidation of its structure as composed of rhamnose, glucose, and galactose undertaken. To improve its activity, selenylation of this novel polysaccharide (Se-SWP) was undertaken by using microwave synthesis. In vitro evaluation showed that the Se-SWP has excellent antioxidant activity on scavenging free radicals and reducing capacity. In vivo antitumor evaluation showed selenylation polysaccharide could effectively inhibit tumor growth (>50%) and adjust immune factor levels in the mice (IL-2, TNF-α, and VEGF). The antidiabetic potential of Se-SWP was tested in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The results indicated that the Se-SWP treatment significantly reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and other disadvantageous factors that were increased by the STZ treatment. Meanwhile, the Se-SWP treatment caused a significant increase in the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants in the organs of diabetic rats. All of the activity evaluations indicated that the selenylation method could improve the activity of sweet potato polysaccharide and its efficacy as a potential therapeutic, which will be the focus of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Kou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221131, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Yan Lu
- He Fei First People Hospital , He fei, An-Hui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221131, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China
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