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Rangaswamy R, Sneha S, Hemavathy N, Umashankar V, Jeyakanthan J. Computational discovery of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 inhibitors through shape screening for rheumatoid arthritis intervention. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10910-z. [PMID: 38970640 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, symmetrical inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by painful, swollen synovitis and joint erosions, which can cause damage to bone and cartilage and be associated with progressive disability. Despite expanded treatment options, some patients still experience inadequate response or intolerable adverse effects. Consequently, the treatment options for RA remain quite limited. The enzyme AKT1 is crucial in designing drugs for various human diseases, supporting cellular functions like proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. Therefore, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 is considered crucial for targeting therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating RA mechanisms. In this context, directing efforts toward AKT1 represents an innovative approach to developing new anti-arthritis medications. The primary objective of this research is to prioritize AKT1 inhibitors using computational techniques such as molecular modeling and dynamics simulation (MDS) and shape-based virtual screening (SBVS). A combined SBVS approach was employed to predict potent inhibitors against AKT1 by screening a pool of compounds sourced from the ChemDiv and IMPPAT databases. From the SBVS results, only the top three compounds, ChemDiv_7266, ChemDiv_2796, and ChemDiv_9468, were subjected to stability analysis based on their high binding affinity and favorable ADME/Tox properties. The SBVS findings have revealed that critical residues, including Glu17, Gly37, Glu85, and Arg273, significantly contribute to the successful binding of the highest-ranked lead compounds at the active site of AKT1. This insight helps to understand the specific binding mechanism of these leads in inhibiting RA, facilitating the rational design of more effective therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Rangaswamy
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
| | - Subramaniyan Sneha
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
| | - Nagarajan Hemavathy
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
| | - Vetrivel Umashankar
- Virology & Biotechnology/Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 031, India
| | - Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India.
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Zhuang C, Sun R, Zhang Y, Zou Q, Zhou J, Dong N, Zhao X, Fu W, Geng X, Wang J, Li Q, Zhao RC. Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on the Inherent Bioactivity of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0319. [PMID: 38913037 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the living quality of patients, especially the elderly population. RA-related morbidity and mortality increase significantly with age, while current clinical drugs for RA are far from satisfactory and may have serious side effects. Therefore, the development of new drugs with higher biosafety and efficacy is demanding. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have been widely studied because of their excellent biocompatibility. Here, we focus on the inherent bioactivity of BPNSs, report the potential of BPNSs as a therapeutic drug for RA and elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanism. We find that BPNSs inhibit autophagy at an early stage via the AMPK-mTOR pathway, switch the energy metabolic pathway to oxidative phosphorylation, increase intracellular ATP levels, suppress apoptosis, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and down-regulate senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related genes in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RA-SFs). Further, BPNSs induce the apoptosis of macrophages and promote their transition from the M1 to the M2 phenotype by regulating related cytokines. Significantly, the administration of BPNSs can alleviate key pathological features of RA in mice, revealing great therapeutic potential. This study provides a novel option for treating RA, with BPNSs emerging as a promising therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naijun Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyu Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoke Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
- Cell Energy Life Sciences Group Co. LTD, Qingdao, China, 266200
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
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Hu SL, Thadevoos LA, Ho TL, Lin YY, Chen HT, Huang CC, Su CM, Tang CH. FGF23 facilitates IL-1β synthesis in rheumatoid arthritis through activating PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3283-3291. [PMID: 38380842 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a well-known autoimmune disorder related with joint pain, joint swelling, cartilage and bone degradation as well as deformity. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is an endocrine factor of the FGF family primarily produced by osteocytes and osteoblasts, involves an essential effect in pathogenesis of RA. IL-1β is a vital proinflammatory factor in the development of RA. However, the role of FGF23 on IL-1β synthesis in RA has not been fully explored. Our analysis of database revealed higher levels of FGF23 and IL-1β in RA samples compared with healthy controls. High-throughput screening demonstrated that IL-1β is a potential candidate factor after FGF23 treatment in RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). FGF23 concentration dependently promotes IL-1β synthesis in RASFs. FGF23 enhances IL-1β expression by activating the PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB pathways. Our findings support the notion that FGF23 is a promising target in the remedy of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Lin Hu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Louis Anoop Thadevoos
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Trung-Loc Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-You Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Huang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ceylan HK, Kırbay FÖ, Yazgan İ, Elibol M. A colorimetric immunoassay for the detection of human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF 165) based on anti-VEGF-iron oxide nanoparticle conjugation. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:133. [PMID: 38353782 PMCID: PMC10867064 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an indispensable element in many physiological processes, while alterations in its level in the circulating system are signs of pathology-associated diseases. Therefore, its precise and selective detection is critical for clinical applications to monitor the progression of the pathology. In this study, an optical immunoassay biosensor was developed as a model study for detecting recombinant VEGF165. The VEGF165 sample was purified from recombinant Kluyveromyces lactis GG799 yeast cells. Indirect ELISA was used during the detection, wherein iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs) were utilized to obtain optical signals. The FeNPs were synthesized in the presence of lactose p-amino benzoic acid (LpAB). VEGF165 antibody was conjugated to the LpAB-FeNPs through EDC/NHS chemistry to convert the iron oxide nanoparticles into VEGF165 specific probes. The specificity of the prepared system was tested in the presence of potential serum-based interferents (i.e., glucose, urea, insulin, C-reactive protein, and serum amyloid A), and validation studies were performed in a simulated serum sample. The proposed immunoassay showed a wide detection range (0.5 to 100 ng/mL) with a detection limit of 0.29 ng/mL. These results show that the developed assay could offer a sensitive, simple, specific, reliable, and high-throughput detection platform that can be used in the clinical diagnostics of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Kuduğ Ceylan
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60250, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Öztürk Kırbay
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - İdris Yazgan
- Center for Biosensors and Material Science, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Kastamonu University, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Murat Elibol
- Bioengineering Department, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
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Zhao RJ, Zhang WY, Fan XX. Circular RNAs: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23694. [PMID: 38205329 PMCID: PMC10776946 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The outcomes and prognosis of autoimmune diseases depend on early diagnosis and effective treatments. However, symptoms of early autoimmune diseases are often remarkably similar to many inflammatory diseases, leading to difficulty in precise diagnosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to a novel class of endogenous RNAs, functioning as microRNA (miRNA) sponges or participating in protein coding. It has been shown in many studies that patients with autoimmune diseases have aberrant circRNA expression in liquid biopsy samples (such as plasma, saliva, and urine). Thus, circRNAs are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, overexpression and depletion of target circRNAs can be utilized as possible therapeutic approaches for treating autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarized recent progress in the roles of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. We also discussed their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xing-Xing Fan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau(SAR), China
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Sattar S, Shabbir A, Shahzad M, Akhtar T, Anjum SM, Bourhia M, Nafidi HA, Bin Jardan YA, Dauelbait M, Mobashar A. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential of Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) using pre-clinical rodent model of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1279215. [PMID: 37900171 PMCID: PMC10603269 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1279215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is naturally present in Lawsonia Inermis and flowers of Eicchornia crassipes. This study assessed the anti-arthritic potential of Lawsone, using FCA-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Arthritic progress was analyzed through a macroscopic scoring scale, measurement of paw edema, and histopathological changes. Effects of Lawsone on mRNA expression levels of inflammatory markers were examined using the reverse transcription PCR technique. ELISA technique was used to evaluate the PGE2 levels. Moreover, levels of biochemical and hematological parameters were also analyzed. Results: The research elucidated that Lawsone showed an inhibitory potential towards arthritic progress and ameliorated the paw edema. The histopathological analysis also validated the inhibition in arthritic development. Treatment with Lawosne reduced the expression levels of inflammatory markers in rats i.e., VEGF, TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-3, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-6. PGE2 levels (all p < 0.001) were also found reduced in treatment groups. Lab investigations showed improved results of hematological and hepatic parameters in the treated groups as compared to the positive control. This study found no hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic effects of Lawsone in the test doses. Conclusion: Lawsone possesses an anti-arthritic property which could be ascribed to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sattar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arham Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muneeb Anjum
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaab Dauelbait
- Department of Scientific Translation, Faculty of Translation, University of Bahri, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Li Y, Zhang N, Peng X, Ma W, Qin Y, Yao X, Huang C, Zhang X. Network pharmacology analysis and clinical verification of Jishe Qushi capsules in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34883. [PMID: 37653836 PMCID: PMC10470707 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to elucidate the effective chemical composition and molecular mechanism of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment with Jishe Qushi capsules (JSQS) and perform clinical validation. The effective chemical components were screened by a database. We used Cytoscape software to construct the key target-RA composite target network of JSQS. Gene Ontology biofunctional analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed for the key targets, followed by molecular docking validation of core key targets. Ninety-nine patients chosen were divided into 49 cases in the treatment group and 50 cases in the control group according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with the combination of methotrexate (MTX) plus Glucosidorum Tripterygll Totorum. The treatment group was treated with MTX plus JSQS. The treatment effects of the 2 groups were evaluated. A total of 118 key anti-RA targets were obtained for JSQS. Quercetin in Panax notoginseng, vanillic acid, scopoletin, physcion in Gardneria angustifolia, 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in Zaocys dhumnades, kaempferol in Radix Paeoniae Alba, and protocatechuic aldehyde in Cibotium barometz were the main active chemical components in the composite target network. Topology analysis yields core key targets, such as TP53, INS, IL6, VEGFA, MYC, CASP3, ESR1, EGF, CCND1, PPARG, ERBB2, NFKBIA, TLR4, RELA, and CASP8, and the results of KEGG enrichment analysis showed that JSQS mainly works through pathways in cancer, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinaseRAC-serine/threonine-protein kinase signaling, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that the binding fraction of PPARG, VEGFA and the effective active ingredients of ridged snake dispelling capsule was >70. In the clinical trial, morning stiffness, joint pain, and VAS scores of post-treatment in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P < .05). Additionally, ESR, CRP, RF, anti-CCP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and Th17/Treg were lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < .05). JSQS exert multicomponent, multipathway, and multitarget synergistic actions in RA treatment. It can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life and delay the progression of RA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Prescription and Syndrome Pharmacology in Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Wukai Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yuanxing Qin
- College of Acunox and Tuina, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Cong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Prescription and Syndrome Pharmacology in Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Prescription and Syndrome Pharmacology in Chinese Medicine, Guian District, Guiyang, P. R. China
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Lara-Espinosa JV, Arce-Aceves MF, Barrios-Payán J, Mata-Espinosa D, Lozano-Ordaz V, Becerril-Villanueva E, Ponce-Regalado MD, Hernández-Pando R. Effect of Low Doses of Dexamethasone on Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1554. [PMID: 37375056 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest disease caused by a bacterial agent. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have a typical anti-inflammatory effect, but recently it has been shown that they can present proinflammatory activity, mainly by increasing molecules from innate immunity. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of low doses of dexamethasone on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo and in vitro. We used an established mice model of progressing tuberculosis (TB) in the in vivo studies. Intratracheal or intranasal dexamethasone therapy administered with conventional antibiotics in the late stage of the disease decreased the lung bacilli load and lung pneumonia, and increased the survival of the animals. Finally, the treatment decreased the inflammatory response in the SNC and, therefore, sickness behavior and neurological abnormalities in the infected animals. In the in vitro experiments, we used a cell line of murine alveolar macrophages infected with Mtb. Low-dose dexamethasone treatment increased the clearance capacity of Mtb by MHS macrophages, MIP-1α, and TLR2 expression, decreased proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and induced apoptosis, a molecular process that contributes to the control of the mycobacteria. In conclusion, the administration of low doses of dexamethasone represents a promising adjuvant treatment for pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline V Lara-Espinosa
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Arce-Aceves
- Laboratorio de Estudios en Tripasomiasis y Leishmaniasis, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Jorge Barrios-Payán
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Dulce Mata-Espinosa
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Vasti Lozano-Ordaz
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - María Dolores Ponce-Regalado
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av Rafael Casillas Aceves 120, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Sisto M, Lisi S. Towards a Unified Approach in Autoimmune Fibrotic Signalling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109060. [PMID: 37240405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity is a chronic process resulting in inflammation, tissue damage, and subsequent tissue remodelling and organ fibrosis. In contrast to acute inflammatory reactions, pathogenic fibrosis typically results from the chronic inflammatory reactions characterizing autoimmune diseases. Despite having obvious aetiological and clinical outcome distinctions, most chronic autoimmune fibrotic disorders have in common a persistent and sustained production of growth factors, proteolytic enzymes, angiogenic factors, and fibrogenic cytokines, which together stimulate the deposition of connective tissue elements or epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that progressively remodels and destroys normal tissue architecture leading to organ failure. Despite its enormous impact on human health, there are currently no approved treatments that directly target the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. The primary goal of this review is to discuss the most recent identified mechanisms of chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by a fibrotic evolution with the aim to identify possible common and unique mechanisms of fibrogenesis that might be exploited in the development of effective antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sisto
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Lisi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
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Saleh RO, Mahmood LA, Mohammed MA, AL-Rawi KF, Al-Hakeim HK. Use of some bone-related cytokines as predictors for rheumatoid arthritis severity by neural network analysis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-uos-2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Background. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial membrane inflammation that results in joint damage. Many earlier studies have measured cytokines for a better diagnosis of RA. In the present study, three bone biomarkers (osteopontin, Stromelysin-1 (MMP3), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF)) are examined for their ability to estimate the severity of disease by using artificial neural network (NN) analysis and regression analysis.
Methods: The study enrolled 87 RA patients and 44 healthy control subjects. The biomarkers were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Disease Activity Score (28 joints) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (DAS28-CRP) was calculated by using (DAS28-CRP) calculator. The patients with DAS28-CRP5.1 are considered as having high disease activity (HDA). While patients group with DAS28-CRP5.1 are considered as moderate disease activity (MDA). The neural network (NN) analysis was used for the differentiation between groups.
Results. Results showed that the most sensitive predictor for high disease activity (HDA) of RA is MMP3, followed by osteopontin and VEGF. These three biomarkers can differentiate significantly between HDA and moderate disease activity (MDA) with a relatively high size effect (Partial 2=0.323, p0.001). HDA group has a significantly higher MMP3, CRP, RF, and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) than the MDA group.
Conclusions. The use of the NN analysis indicated that the measured biomarkers help predict the HDA state in RA patients. MMP3 and osteopontin are diagnostic biomarkers for the severity of RA disease and related to many disease-related characteristics with a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 68.4%.
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VEGF Profile in Early Undifferentiated Arthritis Cohort. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060833. [PMID: 35744097 PMCID: PMC9230586 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Early undifferentiated arthritis (UA) is a group of inflammatory joint diseases that are not classified under any specific rheumatic or connective tissue disorder and might evolve into chronic inflammatory arthritis or may be a self-limiting condition. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for the future course of the disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic regulator that induces the growth of new capillary blood vessels, which are important in joint invasion and destruction during the progression of chronic inflammatory arthritis. The aim of this study was to assess VEGF levels associated with sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound findings in the early UA patient cohort as well as to evaluate VEGF as a potential prognostic marker for arthritis outcomes. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six patients with inflammatory arthritis in at least one joint, with a duration of arthritis <12 months at the study entry that did not meet any rheumatic disease classification criteria, were enrolled after informed consent was obtained. Patient’s sociodemographic, laboratory data, and clinical disease characteristics were recorded, VEGF levels were measured, and ultrasound (US) of tender and swollen joints was performed. Results: VEGF levels had positive correlation with conventional rheumatic disease activity and diagnostic markers: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C−reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) (p < 0.05). RF-positive patients had higher VEGF values (p = 0.024). A statistically higher number of patients whose VEGF levels were below the median value presented with active infection (p = 0.046). In patients with a higher number of swollen joints, and a higher score of synovitis and power doppler (PD) seen on US, VEGF levels were statistically significantly higher. Patients who after 12-month follow-up developed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had statistically higher VEGF levels at baseline compared with those who developed spondyloarthropathies (p = 0.028). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that VEGF levels significantly represented inflammatory processes that were present in the joints (number of swollen joints, synovitis, and PD changes) of the early UA cohort.
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Zhang YF, Gao SS, Li JL, Zuo WS, Qiu YW, Xiao YC. Comparison and correlation study of synovial ultrasound indices and serum VEGF in rheumatoid wrist arthritis before and after treatment. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:2677-2683. [PMID: 35622172 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid wrist arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease, resulting in joint deformity and functional impairment. We aimed to compare the wrist synovial ultrasound indices and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in patients with RA before and after treatment, and to explore the correlation between the two. METHODS Forty patients with RA in wrist underwent ultrasound examination to determine wrist synovial thickness, synovial blood flow grade, and synovial artery resistive index (RI) before and after treatment. The serum level of VEGF was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation between synovial ultrasound indices and serum VEGF level was assessed. RESULTS Pre-treatment synovial thickness, synovial artery RI, and serum VEGF level were 8.60 ± 2.82 mm, 0.62 ± 0.07, and 419.49 ± 19.27 pg/mL, respectively. The corresponding post-treatment levels were 4.05 ± 1.89 mm, 0.83 ± 0.10, and 199.30 ± 16.18 pg/mL. Pre-treatment distribution of synovial blood flow grades was as follows: grade 0, nil; grade I, 1 case; grade II, 17 cases; grade III, 22 cases. The post-treatment distribution was as follows: grade 0, 6 cases; grade I, 23 cases; grade II, 11 cases; and grade III, nil. There were significant differences between pre- and post-treatment wrist synovial thickness, artery RI, and blood flow grading. Wrist synovial thickness and synovial blood flow grade showed a strong positive correlation with serum VEGF level (P < 0.01). There was strong negative correlation between wrist synovial artery RI and serum VEGF level (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The strong correlation between wrist synovial ultrasound indicators and serum VEGF may be clinically useful for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Yuhua District, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shan-Shan Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Zibo Infectious Disease Hospital (The Fourth People's Hospital of Zibo City), Zibo, China
| | - Jia-Li Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of South China Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, 161 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Si Zuo
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Yuhua District, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yue-Wen Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Yuhua District, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yao-Cheng Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Yuhua District, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, China.
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Nathan J, Shameera R, Palanivel G. Studying molecular signaling in major angiogenic diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2433-2450. [PMID: 35581517 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The growth of blood vessels from already existing vasculature is angiogenesis and it is one of the fundamental processes in fetal development, tissue damage or repair, and the reproductive cycle. In a healthy person, angiogenesis is regulated by the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. However, when the balance is disturbed, it results in various diseases or disorders. The angiogenesis pathway is a sequential cascade and differs based on the stimuli. Therefore, targeting one of the factors involved in the process can help us find a therapeutic strategy to treat irregular angiogenesis. In the past three decades of cancer research, angiogenesis has been at its peak, where an anti-angiogenic agent inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor acts as a promising substance to treat cancer. In addition, cancer can be assessed based on the expression of angiogenic factors and its response to therapies. Angiogenesis is important for all tissues, which might be normal or pathologically changed and occur through ages. In clinical therapeutics, target therapy focusing on discovery of novel anti-angiogenic agents like bevacizumab, cetuximab, sunitinib, imatinib, lenvatinib, thalidomide, everolimus etc., to block or inhibit the angiogenesis pathway is well explored in recent times. In this review, we will discuss about the molecular signaling pathways involved in major angiogenic diseases in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhansi Nathan
- Zebrafish Developmental Biology Laboratory, AUKBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600044, India.
| | - Rabiathul Shameera
- Zebrafish Developmental Biology Laboratory, AUKBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600044, India
| | - Gajalakshmi Palanivel
- Zebrafish Developmental Biology Laboratory, AUKBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600044, India
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Zaky DA, Eldehna WM, El Kerdawy AM, Abdallah DM, El Abhar HS, Wadie W. Recombinant human growth hormone improves the immune status of rats with septic encephalopathy: The role of VEGFR2 in the prevalence of endoplasmic reticulum stress repair module. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108370. [PMID: 34794887 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Septic encephalopathy results from the intense reaction of the immune system to infection. The role of growth hormone (GH) signaling in maintaining brain function is well established; however, the involvement of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in the potential modulatory effect of GH on septic encephalopathy-associated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is not well-understood. Therefore, after the induction of mid-grade sepsis by cecal ligation/perforation, rats were subcutaneously injected with recombinant human GH (rhGH)/somatropin alone or preceded by the VEGFR2 antagonist WAG-4S for 7 days. rhGH/somatropin reduced bodyweight loss and plasma endotoxin, maintained the hyperthermic state, and improved motor/memory functions. Additionally, rhGH/somatropin increased the junctional E-cadherin and β-catenin pool in the cerebral cortex to enhance the BBB competency, effects that were abolished by VEGFR2 blockade. Also, it activated cortical VEGFR2/mammalian target of the Rapamycin (mTOR) axis to mitigate ERS. The latter was reflected by the deactivation of the inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)/spliced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1s) trajectory and the reduction in the protein levels of the death markers, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)/growth arrest and DNA damage-153 (GADD153), c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and caspase-3 with the simultaneous augmentation of expression of the unfolded protein response transducer proteinkinaseR-like ERkinase (PERK). Furthermore, rhGH/somatropin suppressed the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α), upregulated the gene expression of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4), GADD34, and glucose-regulated protein-78/binding immunoglobulin (GRP78/Bip). Moreover, it increased the glutathione level and reduced lipid peroxidation in the cerebral cortex. The VEGFR2 antagonist reversed the effect of rhGH/somatropin on PERK and IRE1α and boosted the apoptotic markers but neither affected p-eIF2α nor GADD34. Hence, we conclude that VEGFR2 activation by rhGH/somatropin plays a crucial role in assembling the BBB adherens junctions via its antioxidant capacity, ERS relief, and reducing endotoxemia in septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, P.O. Box 11835, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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Li J, Wuethrich A, Sina AAI, Cheng HH, Wang Y, Behren A, Mainwaring PN, Trau M. A digital single-molecule nanopillar SERS platform for predicting and monitoring immune toxicities in immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1087. [PMID: 33597530 PMCID: PMC7889912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has demonstrated significant improvements in survival for subsets of cancer patients. However, they carry significant and sometimes life-threatening toxicities. Prompt prediction and monitoring of immune toxicities have the potential to maximise the benefits of immune checkpoint therapy. Herein, we develop a digital nanopillar SERS platform that achieves real-time single cytokine counting and enables dynamic tracking of immune toxicities in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment - broader applications are anticipated in other disease indications. By analysing four prospective cytokine biomarkers that initiate inflammatory responses, the digital nanopillar SERS assay achieves both highly specific and highly sensitive cytokine detection down to attomolar level. Significantly, we report the capability of the assay to longitudinally monitor 10 melanoma patients during immune inhibitor blockade treatment. Here, we show that elevated cytokine concentrations predict for higher risk of developing severe immune toxicities in our pilot cohort of patients. There is a clinical need to monitor immune-related toxicities of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Here, the authors develop a digital SERS platform for multiplexed single cytokine counting to track immune-toxicities and demonstrate the ability to use pre-screening to identify patients at higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Li
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Abu A I Sina
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Han-Hao Cheng
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Molecular Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Andreas Behren
- Oliva Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul N Mainwaring
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Zhao C, Zhang R, Luo Y, Liu S, Tang T, Yang F, Zhu L, He X, Yang M, Jiang Y. Multimodal VEGF-Targeted Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of Rats with Inflammatory Arthritis: Using Dye-VEGF-Antibody-Loaded Microbubbles. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:2400-2411. [PMID: 32522458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the heavy health burdens from rheumatoid arthritis, a sensitive and objective imaging method is needed for early diagnosis and accurate evaluation of the disease. We aimed to fabricate vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted microbubbles (MBs) to evaluate the expression levels of VEGF within the inflammatory lesions of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) using a multimodal photoacoustic (PA)/ultrasound (US) imaging system. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-biotin double-labeled vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibodies and Cy5.5-biotin double-labeled VEGF2 antibodies were added to the avidin-labeled MBs to synthesize VEGF-targeted MBs. The antibodies could specifically bind to the MBs according to the flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging. In vitro experiments on the cellular uptake of the target MBs also validated the interaction of the VEGF antibodies and the MBs. Multimodal contrast-enhanced US (CEUS)/PA imaging was performed in sequence on the inflamed paws of the AIA rats with a single PA/US imaging system after the injection of the targeted MBs. The CEUS and PA signals were then quantified and verified by the pathologic results. A CEUS pattern of fast wash in and slow washout was observed in the AIA rats after injection of targeted MBs. Compared with AIA rats injected with unconnected VEGF antibodies and naked MBs, AIA rats injected with targeted MBs presented a higher peak intensity (p = 0.0079 and 0.0079 respectively) and a longer time to peak (p = 0.0117 and 0.0117, respectively). The PA signals were also significantly enhanced after injection of targeted MBs (p = 0.0112 and 0.0119, respectively), which was in accordance with the pathologic and immunohistochemical results. In conclusion, VEGF-targeted MBs can be used as agents for multimodal CEUS/PA imaging and to detect VEGF expression in the inflammatory lesions of AIA rats in vivo. This strategy may be useful in imaging evaluation of arthritis by identifying inflammation-related molecules in different imaging modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sirui Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhong Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xujin He
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Fibroblast growth factor signalling in osteoarthritis and cartilage repair. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:547-564. [PMID: 32807927 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regulated fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling is a prerequisite for the correct development and homeostasis of articular cartilage, as evidenced by the fact that aberrant FGF signalling contributes to the maldevelopment of joints and to the onset and progression of osteoarthritis. Of the four FGF receptors (FGFRs 1-4), FGFR1 and FGFR3 are strongly implicated in osteoarthritis, and FGFR1 antagonists, as well as agonists of FGFR3, have shown therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of spontaneous and surgically induced osteoarthritis. FGF18, a high affinity ligand for FGFR3, is the only FGF-based drug currently in clinical trials for osteoarthritis. This Review covers the latest advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate FGF signalling during normal joint development and in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Strategies for FGF signalling-based treatment of osteoarthritis and for cartilage repair in animal models and clinical trials are also introduced. An improved understanding of FGF signalling from a structural biology perspective, and of its roles in skeletal development and diseases, could unlock new avenues for discovery of modulators of FGF signalling that can slow or stop the progression of osteoarthritis.
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18
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De Rossi A, Huamán SD, León JE, Saraiva MCP, Fukada SY, da Silva RAB, de Carvalho F, Nelson-Filho P. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 expression in apical periodontitis in mice. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1111-1119. [PMID: 32344454 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the presence, localization and the possible correlation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) with inflammatory resorption of cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone during development of apical periodontitis in mice. METHODOLOGY Apical periodontitis was experimentally induced in mandibular first molars of mice by pulp exposure to the oral environment. Healthy teeth without pulp exposure were used as controls. At 7, 21 and 42 days following pulp exposure, the animals were euthanized and the jaws were prepared for analysis under conventional and fluorescence microscopy, immunohistochemistry (FGFR2), RT-PCR (RNAm levels of RANK, RANKL, OPG, Runx2 and cathepsin K) and enzyme histochemistry (cementoclasts and osteoclasts). Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis tests and Dunn's post hoc tests for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05) using SAS 9.4 software. RESULTS FGFR2-positive cells were not observed in the tissues surrounding healthy teeth but were observed in teeth with periapical lesions from seven days after root canal contamination. At days 21 and 42 after endodontic infection, the increase in periapical lesion size was accompanied by significantly enhanced expression of FGFR2 (P < 0.0001), significantly increased intensity of inflammatory cells, number of osteoclasts (P < 0.0001) and cementoclasts (P < 0.0001), and significantly enhanced RNAm levels of RANK/RANKL/OPG, Runx2 and cathepsin K compared to day 0 (P < 0.0001). At 21 and 42 days, FGFR2 was also expressed on osteoblasts, fibroblasts and inside enlarged lacunae of cementocytes along with acute and chronic inflammatory cells (macrophages, plasma cells and neutrophils). At all periods and cells, FGFR2 expression was observed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm, but not in the nucleus. CONCLUSION In mice, FGFR2 was not expressed in tissues surrounding healthy teeth but was expressed in apical periodontitis, specifically in the membrane and cytoplasm of osteoblasts, fibroblasts, lacunae of cementocytes, and acute and chronic inflammatory cells (macrophages, plasma cells and neutrophils). Its expression was correlated with the size of the periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Rossi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S D Huamán
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J E León
- Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C P Saraiva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Y Fukada
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R A B da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F de Carvalho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Singh V, Kalliolias GD, Ostaszewski M, Veyssiere M, Pilalis E, Gawron P, Mazein A, Bonnet E, Petit-Teixeira E, Niarakis A. RA-map: building a state-of-the-art interactive knowledge base for rheumatoid arthritis. Database (Oxford) 2020; 2020:baaa017. [PMID: 32311035 PMCID: PMC7170216 DOI: 10.1093/database/baaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology. The complex mechanism of aetiopathogenesis, progress and chronicity of the disease involves genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying disease phenotypes, one has to place implicated factors in their functional context. However, integration and organization of such data in a systematic manner remains a challenging task. Molecular maps are widely used in biology to provide a useful and intuitive way of depicting a variety of biological processes and disease mechanisms. Recent large-scale collaborative efforts such as the Disease Maps Project demonstrate the utility of such maps as versatile tools to organize and formalize disease-specific knowledge in a comprehensive way, both human and machine-readable. We present a systematic effort to construct a fully annotated, expert validated, state-of-the-art knowledge base for RA in the form of a molecular map. The RA map illustrates molecular and signalling pathways implicated in the disease. Signal transduction is depicted from receptors to the nucleus using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) standard representation. High-quality manual curation, use of only human-specific studies and focus on small-scale experiments aim to limit false positives in the map. The state-of-the-art molecular map for RA, using information from 353 peer-reviewed scientific publications, comprises 506 species, 446 reactions and 8 phenotypes. The species in the map are classified to 303 proteins, 61 complexes, 106 genes, 106 RNA entities, 2 ions and 7 simple molecules. The RA map is available online at ramap.elixir-luxembourg.org as an open-access knowledge base allowing for easy navigation and search of molecular pathways implicated in the disease. Furthermore, the RA map can serve as a template for omics data visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidisha Singh
- Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde - Genhotel, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 EVRY-GENOPOLE cedex, Evry, France
| | - George D Kalliolias
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Department of Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marek Ostaszewski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Maëva Veyssiere
- Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde - Genhotel, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 EVRY-GENOPOLE cedex, Evry, France
| | - Eleftherios Pilalis
- eNIOS Applications P.C., R&D department, Alexandrou Pantou 25, 17671, Kallithea-Athens, Greece
| | - Piotr Gawron
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alexander Mazein
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Eric Bonnet
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), CEA, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706 91057 EVRY-GENOPOLE cedex, Evry, France
| | - Elisabeth Petit-Teixeira
- Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde - Genhotel, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 EVRY-GENOPOLE cedex, Evry, France
| | - Anna Niarakis
- Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde - Genhotel, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 EVRY-GENOPOLE cedex, Evry, France
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Liu Y, Mikrani R, Xie D, Wazir J, Shrestha S, Ullah R, Baig MMFA, Ahmed A, Srivastava PK, Thapa KB, Zhou X. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostate cancer: study of immune cells and cytokines. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:160-172. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Dianyou Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Junaid Wazir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Sajan Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | | | - Kedar Bahadur Thapa
- Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
- Department of Surgery Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210017 China
- Department of Surgery Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital Nanjing Jiangsu 210017 China
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21
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Savushkina NM, Galushko EA, Demidova NV, Gordeev AV. Angiotensins and rheumatoid arthritis. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-753-759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
At present, the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in regulating the cardiovascular system and maintaining water and electrolyte homeostasis has been well studied. However, over the past decades, new components of the RAS have been identified, suggesting a wider range of its potential effects on the body. It is of fundamentally importance for rheumatologists to affect inflammation, including rheumatoid inflammation, through blockade of angiotensin (AT) II formation via the effects of AT 1–7 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, as well as through suppression of angiogenesis, primarily by reducing the production of endothelial growth factor. The organ-protective and antiinflammatory potential of drugs that reduce the production of AT, which has been proven in in vitro and in vivo experiments, allows us to consider them as first-line angiotropic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, especially in the presence of concomitant hypertension and/or nephropathy.
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Malemud CJ. Defective T-Cell Apoptosis and T-Regulatory Cell Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2018; 7:E223. [PMID: 30469466 PMCID: PMC6316166 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease that mostly affects small and large synovial joints. At the molecular level, RA is characterized by a profoundly defective innate and adaptive immune response that results in a chronic state of inflammation. Two of the most significant alterations in T-lymphocyte (T-cell) dysfunction in RA is the perpetual activation of T-cells that result in an abnormal proliferation state which also stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts within the joint synovial tissue. This event results in what we have termed "apoptosis resistance", which we believe is the leading cause of aberrant cell survival in RA. Finding therapies that will induce apoptosis under these conditions is one of the current goals of drug discovery. Over the past several years, a number of T-cell subsets have been identified. One of these T-cell subsets are the T-regulatory (Treg) cells. Under normal conditions Treg cells dictate the state of immune tolerance. However, in RA, the function of Treg cells become compromised resulting in Treg cell dysfunction. It has now been shown that several of the drugs employed in the medical therapy of RA can partially restore Treg cell function, which has also been associated with amelioration of the clinical symptoms of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Malemud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Foley Medical Building, 2061 Cornell Road, Suite 207, Cleveland, OH 44122-5076, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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23
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Llorián-Salvador M, González-Rodríguez S. Painful Understanding of VEGF. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1267. [PMID: 30459621 PMCID: PMC6232229 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Llorián-Salvador
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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24
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Analysis of Polymorphisms in the Mediator Complex Subunit 13-like (Med13L) Gene in the Context of Immune Function and Development of Experimental Arthritis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2018; 66:365-377. [PMID: 29951696 PMCID: PMC6154033 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-018-0516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Mediator complex subunit 13-like (MED13L) protein is part of the multi-protein mediator complex and plays an important role in gene transcription. Polymorphisms in the MED13L gene have been linked to congenital heart anomalies and intellectual disabilities. Despite recent evidence of indirect links of MED13L to cytokine release and inflammation, impact of genetic variations in MED13L on immune cells remains unexplored. The B10.RIII and RIIIS/J mouse strains vary in susceptibility to induced experimental autoimmune disease models. From sequencing data of the two mouse strains, we identified six polymorphisms in the coding regions of Med13L. Using congenic mice, we studied the effect of these polymorphisms on immune cell development and function along with susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis, an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis. Combining in vivo disease data, in vitro functional data, and computational analysis of the reported non-synonymous polymorphisms, we report that genetic polymorphisms in Med13L do not affect the immune phenotype in these mice and are predicted to be non-disease associated.
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25
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Cuppen BVJ, Rossato M, Fritsch-Stork RDE, Concepcion AN, Linn-Rasker SP, Bijlsma JWJ, van Laar JM, Lafeber FPJG, Radstake TR. RNA sequencing to predict response to TNF-α inhibitors reveals possible mechanism for nonresponse in smokers. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:623-633. [PMID: 29808722 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1480937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have employed microarray-based profiling to predict response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); yet efforts to validate these targets have failed to show predictive abilities acceptable for clinical practice. METHODS The eighty most extreme responders and nonresponders to TNFi therapy were selected from the observational BiOCURA cohort. RNA sequencing was performed on mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected before initiation of treatment. The expression of pathways as well as individual gene transcripts between responders and nonresponders was investigated. Promising targets were technically replicated and validated in n = 40 new patients using qPCR assays. RESULTS Before therapy initiation, nonresponders had lower expression of pathways related to interferon and cytokine signaling, while also showing higher levels of two genes, GPR15 and SEMA6B (p = 0.02). The two targets could be validated, however, additional analyses revealed that GPR15 and SEMA6B did not independently predict response, but were rather dose-dependent markers of smoking (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The study did not identify new transcripts ready to use in clinical practice, yet GPR15 and SEMA6B were recognized as candidate explanatory markers for the reduced treatment success in RA smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart V J Cuppen
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Marzia Rossato
- b Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,c Department of Biotechnology , University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Ruth D E Fritsch-Stork
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,d 1st Medical Department & Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling , Hanusch Hospital , Vienna , Austria.,e Sigmund Freud University , Vienna , Austria
| | - Arno N Concepcion
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes W J Bijlsma
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Floris P J G Lafeber
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R Radstake
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,b Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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26
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Villares R, Criado G, Juarranz Y, Lopez-Santalla M, García-Cuesta EM, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Leceta J, Lucas P, Pablos JL, Martínez-A C, Garin MI, Gomariz RP, Mellado M. Inhibitory Role of Growth Hormone in the Induction and Progression Phases of Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1165. [PMID: 29887869 PMCID: PMC5980961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates an intimate connection between the neuroendocrine and the immune systems. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated growth hormone (GH) involvement in immune regulation. The GH receptor is expressed by several leukocyte subpopulations, and GH modulates immune cell proliferation and activity. Here, we found that sustained GH expression protected against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA); in GH-transgenic C57BL/6 (GHTg) mice, disease onset was delayed, and its overall severity was decreased. The anti-collagen response was impaired in these mice, as were inflammatory cytokine levels. Compared to control arthritic littermates, immunized GHTg mice showed significantly lower RORγt (retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma 2), IL-17, GM-CSF, IL-22, and IFNγ mRNA expression in draining lymph nodes, whereas there were no differences in IL-21, IL-6, or IL-2 mRNA levels. Data thus suggest that Th17/Th1 cell plasticity toward a pathological phenotype is reduced in these mice. Exogenous GH administration in arthritic DBA/1J mice reduced the severity of established CIA as well as the inflammatory environment, which also shows a GH effect on arthritis progression. These results indicate that GH prevents inflammatory joint destruction in CIA. Our findings demonstrate a modulatory GH role in immune system function that contributes to alleviating CIA symptoms and underlines the importance of endocrine regulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villares
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Criado
- Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases Group, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yasmina Juarranz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Lopez-Santalla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M García-Cuesta
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rodríguez-Frade
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Leceta
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pablos
- Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases Group, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-A
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina I Garin
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa P Gomariz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Mellado
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Singh H, Bala S, Jain D, Jagota R, Mathur R. Spironolactone (an adjuvant therapy) in rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study. Reumatologia 2018; 56:87-91. [PMID: 29853723 PMCID: PMC5974630 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2018.75519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are conventionally used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The role of spironolactone as add on therapy to DMARDs in RA patients was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed as per 1987 criteria having evidence of active disease despite ongoing DMARD therapy were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned randomly to two groups. Group I (n = 50) patients were treated with 50 mg/day of spironolactone along with their maintenance DMARD and NSAID therapy. Group II (n = 50) patients continued their maintenance DMARD therapy without spironolactone. Disease activity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) in each patient of each group was evaluated monthly for the next three months. RESULTS All patients completed the study. Mean age of group I was 46.44 ±11.67 and of group II 44.52 ±11.82. DAS28 assessed in time according to the schedule was for group I 6.78 ±0.74, 5.34 ±0.74, 3.98 ±0.7, 3.00 ±0.75, while in group II it was 6.61 ±0.82, 5.49 ±0.90, 4.58 ±0.81, 3.55 ±0.93 at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks respectively. CDAI in group I was 41.68 ±11.14, 24.36 ±8.13, 12.34 ±5.73, 6.42 ±4.4 and in group II 37.84 ±11.12, 24.54 ±9.4, 16.38 ±6.81, 9.62 ±6.1 at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks respectively. Group I showed significant improvement in disease activity in the form of tender joint count (p = 0.001), swollen joint count (p = 0.023), patient global assessment (p = 0.001), physician global health (p = 0.001), DAS28 (p < 0.001) and CDAI (p = 0.001) but other parameters showed non-significant improvement compared to group II. No serious adverse events were observed in either group during the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS Spironolactone as an adjuvant therapy can improve the effect of conventional DMARD treatment of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- Department of Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Saroj Bala
- Department of Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Deepak Jain
- Department of Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Ruchi Jagota
- Department of Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Rekha Mathur
- Department of Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
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28
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Zhao CY, Jiang YX, Li JC, Xu ZH, Zhang Q, Su N, Yang M. Role of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Inflammatory Arthritis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:1722-1730. [PMID: 28685724 PMCID: PMC5520561 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.209885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a well-established imaging modality which has been put into clinical use in recent years with the development of second-generation contrast agent and imaging devices, and its applications in the assessment of inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, have provoked abundant discussion and researches among radiologists and rheumatologists. To summarize the achievements of clinical studies on CEUS in the application of arthritis, and to keep up with the latest progresses of the imaging technique, we reviewed the literature in recent years, hoping to establish the role of CEUS in joint diseases. Data Sources: PubMed and EMBASE. Study Selection: We searched the database with the conditions “contrast-enhanced ultrasound AND arthritis” with the time limitation of recent 10 years. Clinical studies applying CEUS in inflammatory arthritis and review articles about development of CEUS in joint diseases in English were selected. Results: As it is proved by most studies in recent years, by delineating microvasculature within the inflamed joints, CEUS can indicate early arthritis with high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the imaging of CEUS has been proved to be consistent with histopathological changes of inflammatory arthritis. Quantitative analysis of CEUS permits further evaluation of disease activity. CEUS also plays a significant role in the therapeutic monitoring of the disease, which has been backed up by a number of studies. Conclusions: CEUS may be a new choice for the rheumatologists to evaluate inflammatory arthritis, because of its low price, ability to provide dynamic pictures, and high sensitivity to angiogenesis. It can also be applied in disease classification and therapeutic monitoring. More studies about CEUS need to be done to set up the diagnostic standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jian-Chu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhong-Hui Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Na Su
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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29
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Soendergaard C, Kvist PH, Thygesen P, Reslow M, Nielsen OH, Kopchick JJ, Holm TL. Characterization of Growth Hormone Resistance in Experimental and Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102046. [PMID: 28946616 PMCID: PMC5666728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) resistance may develop as a consequence of inflammation during conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the specific role of the GH–insulin growth factor (IGF)-1-axis and/or the functional consequences of GH resistance in this condition are unclear. In situ hybridization targeting the GH receptor (GHR) and relevant transcriptional analyses were performed in patients with UC and in IL-10 knock-out mice with piroxicam accelerated colitis (PAC). Using cultured primary epithelial cells, the effects of inflammation on the molecular mechanisms governing GH resistance was verified. Also, the therapeutic potential of GH on mucosal healing was tested in the PAC model. Inflammation induced intestinal GH resistance in UC and experimental colitis by down-regulating GHR expression and up-regulating suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins. These effects are driven by pro-inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) as confirmed using primary epithelial cells. Treatment of experimental colitis with GH increased IGF-1 and body weight of the mice, but had no effects on colonic inflammation or mucosal healing. The high transcriptional similarity between UC and experimental colitis accentuates the formation of intestinal GH resistance during inflammation. Inflammation-induced GH resistance not only impairs general growth but induces a state of local resistance, which potentially impairs the actions of GH on mucosal healing during colitis when using long-acting GH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Soendergaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev 2730, Denmark.
| | | | - Peter Thygesen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
| | - Mats Reslow
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Haemophilia Research, Maaloev 2760, Denmark.
- Pila Pharma AB, 20512 Malmö, Sweden.
| | | | - John Joseph Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute & Department of Biomedical Sciences, HCOM, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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30
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Wang J, Li Y, Yang Y, Du J, Zhao M, Lin F, Zhang S, Wang B. Systems Pharmacology Dissection of Multiscale Mechanisms of Action for Herbal Medicines in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3201-3217. [PMID: 28771010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a chronic inflammatory and angiogenic disease with increased morbidity and mortality, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the proliferation of synovial tissue and the accumulation of excessive mononuclear infiltration, which always results in the joint deformity, disability, and eventually the destruction of the bone and cartilage. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with rich history of proper effectiveness in treating the inflammatory joint disease containing RA, has long combated such illness from, actually, an integrative and holistic point of view. However, its "multi-components" and "multi-targets" features make it very difficult to decipher the molecular mechanisms of RA from a systematic perspective if employing only routine methods. Presently, an innovative systems-pharmacology approach was introduced, which combined the ADME screening model, drug targeting, and network pharmacology, to explore the action mechanisms of botanic herbs for the treatment of RA. As a result, we uncovered 117 active compounds and 85 key molecular targets from seven RA-related herbs, which are mainly implicated in four signaling pathways, that is, vascular endothelial growth factor, PI3K-Akt, Toll-like receptor, and T-cell-receptor pathways. Additionally, the network relationships among the active components, target proteins, and pathways were further built to uncover the pharmacological characters of these herbs. Besides, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area calculations were carried out to explore the binding interactions between the compounds and their receptors as well as to investigate the binding affinity of the ligand to their protein targets. In vitro experiments by ligand binding assays validate the reliability of the drug-target interactions as well as the MD results. The high binding affinities and good inhibitions of the active compounds indicate that the potential therapeutic effects of these herbal medicines for treating RA are exerted probably through the modulation of these relevant proteins, which further validates the rationality and reliability of the drug-target interactions as well as our the network-based analytical methods. This work may be of help for not only understanding the action mechanisms of TCM and for discovering new drugs from plants for the treatment of RA, but also providing a novel potential method for modern medicine in treating complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Wang
- Dalian Ocean University , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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31
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Tan L, Gurbani D, Weisberg EL, Jones DS, Rao S, Singer WD, Bernard FM, Mowafy S, Jenney A, Du G, Nonami A, Griffin JD, Lauffenburger DA, Westover KD, Sorger PK, Gray NS. Studies of TAK1-centered polypharmacology with novel covalent TAK1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:1320-1328. [PMID: 28038940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeted polypharmacology provides an efficient method of treating diseases such as cancer with complex, multigenic causes provided that compounds with advantageous activity profiles can be discovered. Novel covalent TAK1 inhibitors were validated in cellular contexts for their ability to inhibit the TAK1 kinase and for their polypharmacology. Several inhibitors phenocopied reported TAK1 inhibitor 5Z-7-oxozaenol with comparable efficacy and complementary kinase selectivity profiles. Compound 5 exhibited the greatest potency in RAS-mutated and wild-type RAS cell lines from various cancer types. A biotinylated derivative of 5, 27, was used to verify TAK1 binding in cells. The newly described inhibitors constitute useful tools for further development of multi-targeting TAK1-centered inhibitors for cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ellen L Weisberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Douglas S Jones
- HMS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Suman Rao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; HMS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - William D Singer
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Faviola M Bernard
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Samar Mowafy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Misr International University, Km 28 Cairo, Ismailia Rd., Ahmed Orabi Dist., Cairo, Egypt
| | - Annie Jenney
- HMS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Guangyan Du
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Atsushi Nonami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - James D Griffin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kenneth D Westover
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Peter K Sorger
- HMS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Jones DS, Jenney AP, Swantek JL, Burke JM, Lauffenburger DA, Sorger PK. Profiling drugs for rheumatoid arthritis that inhibit synovial fibroblast activation. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 13:38-45. [PMID: 27820799 PMCID: PMC5372219 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of synovial fibroblasts (SF) contributes to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by damaging synovial membranes and generating inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells to the joint. In this paper we profile cytokine secretion by primary human SF from normal and RA donors and show that SF activation by TNFα, IL–1α, and Poly(I:C) causes secretion of multiple cytokines found at high levels in RA synovial fluids. We use interaction multi-linear regression to quantify therapeutic and counter–therapeutic drug effects across activators and patient donors and find that the ability of drugs to block SF activation is strongly dependent on the identity of the activating cytokine. (5z)–7–oxozeaenol (5ZO), a pre–clinical drug whose primary target is transforming growth factor β–associated kinase 1 (TAK1), is more effective at blocking SF activation across all contexts than the approved drug tofacitinib, arguing for development of molecules similar to 5ZO as RA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Jones
- HMS LINCS Center, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne P Jenney
- HMS LINCS Center, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer L Swantek
- Immunology and Inflammation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - John M Burke
- Immunology and Inflammation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA.,Systems Biology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- HMS LINCS Center, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Szeremeta A, Jura-Półtorak A, Komosińska-Vassev K, Zoń-Giebel A, Kapołka D, Olczyk K. The association between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), and the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) in pre- and postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2016; 46:171-179. [PMID: 27775453 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2016.1203020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association between plasma levels of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system including IGF-1, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) including IGFBP-1, total (t-)IGFBP-3 and functional (f-)IGFBP-3, and the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) in pre- and postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHOD Plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, t-IGFBP-3, f-IGFBP-3, and PICP were measured by immunoassay. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in plasma IGF-1 levels between pre- and postmenopausal subjects. Plasma levels of IGFBP-1 were elevated in RA. PICP and f-IGFBP-3 were greatly affected by menopausal status. Of the three IGFBPs tested, only f-IGFBP-3 plasma levels in RA women correlated negatively with age and disease duration. A positive correlation was demonstrated between PICP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in RA. Moreover, there was no correlation between PICP and IGF-1 and any of the IGFBPs in RA women. CONCLUSIONS Considerable disruption of the IGF system in RA was found to be related to disease activity and duration. Changes in the IGF-IGFBP axis and PICP levels were different in pre- and postmenopausal women with RA. Elevated plasma PICP concentrations may indicate an increased rate of bone formation in postmenopausal RA women. Additionally, the observed changes in the IGF/IGFBP system did not affect bone formation during RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Szeremeta
- a Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics , School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - A Jura-Półtorak
- a Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics , School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - K Komosińska-Vassev
- a Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics , School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - A Zoń-Giebel
- b Department of Rheumatology , Silesian Centre for Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, and Prevention of Disability of Gen. Jerzy Ziętek in Ustroń , Ustroń , Poland
| | - D Kapołka
- b Department of Rheumatology , Silesian Centre for Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, and Prevention of Disability of Gen. Jerzy Ziętek in Ustroń , Ustroń , Poland
| | - K Olczyk
- a Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics , School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice , Sosnowiec , Poland
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The PI3K/Akt/PTEN/mTOR pathway: a fruitful target for inducing cell death in rheumatoid arthritis? Future Med Chem 2016; 7:1137-47. [PMID: 26132523 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling regulates diverse cellular processes. Abnormal PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling is a characteristic feature of cancer. As such inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling using small molecule inhibitors has been a focus of recently developed anticancer drugs. Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are autoimmune-mediated inflammatory diseases. PI3K signaling could now be targeted to determine its contribution to rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis where deregulated proliferation and aberrant survival of activated immune cells, macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells and synovial fibroblasts significantly overlap with abnormal growth of cancer cells. The results of some recent studies in psoriatic arthritis using PI3K signaling inhibitors suggests that small molecule inhibitor strategies directed at PI3K signaling may be a useful future therapy for immune-mediated arthritis.
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Xing R, Jin Y, Sun L, Yang L, Li C, Li Z, Liu X, Zhao J. Interleukin-21 induces migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 184:147-58. [PMID: 26646950 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovial fibroblast hyperplasia and bone erosion. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a pivotal role in RA pathogenesis through aggressive migration and matrix invasion, and certain proinflammatory cytokines may affect synoviocyte invasion. Whether interleukin (IL)-21 influences this process remains controversial. Here, we evaluated the potential regulatory effect of IL-21 on the migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in RA-FLS. We found that IL-21 promoted the migration, invasion and MMP (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13) production in RA-FLS. Moreover, IL-21 induced activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways, and blockage of these pathways [PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor LY294002, STAT-3 inhibitor STA-21 and ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059] attenuated IL-21-induced migration and secretion of MMP-3 and MMP-9. In conclusion, our results suggest that IL-21 promotes migration and invasion of RA-FLS. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting IL-21 might be effective for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - C Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - J Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Assessment of the diagnostic role of annexin A2 (ANXA2) and insulin-like growth factor-1 as serum markers for hepatocellular carcinoma. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.elx.0000481901.80695.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Atkinson SM, Nansen A, Usher PA, Sondergaard BC, Mackay CR, Friedrichsen B, Chang CC, Tang R, Skov S, Haase C, Hornum L. Treatment with anti-C5aR mAb leads to early-onset clinical and mechanistic effects in the murine delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis model. Autoimmunity 2015; 48:460-70. [PMID: 25915570 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2015.1031888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of the complement cascade at the C5a/C5a receptor (C5aR)-axis is believed to be an attractive treatment avenue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effects of such interventions during the early phases of arthritis remain to be clarified. In this study we use the murine delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis (DTHA) model to study the very early effects of a blocking, non-depleting anti-C5aR mAb on joint inflammation with treatment synchronised with disease onset, an approach not previously described. The DTHA model is a single-paw inflammatory arthritis model characterised by synchronised and rapid disease onset driven by T-cells, immune complexes and neutrophils. We show that a reduction in paw swelling, bone erosion, cartilage destruction, synovitis and new bone formation is apparent as little as 60 h after administration of a single dose of a blocking, non-depleting anti-mouse C5aR mAb. Importantly, infiltration of neutrophils into the joint and synovium is also reduced following a single dose, demonstrating that C5aR signalling during the early stage of arthritis regulates neutrophil infiltration and activation. Furthermore, the number of T-cells in circulation and in the draining popliteal lymph node is also reduced following a single dose of anti-C5aR, suggesting that modulation of the C5a/C5aR axis results in effects on the T cell compartment in inflammatory arthritis. In summary, these data demonstrate that blockade of C5aR leads to rapid and significant effects on arthritic disease development in a DTHA model strengthening the rationale of C5aR-blockade as a treatment strategy for RA, especially during the early stages of arthritis flare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Atkinson
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark .,b Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Anneline Nansen
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | - Pernille A Usher
- c Department of Histology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | | | - Charles R Mackay
- d School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Birgitte Friedrichsen
- e Department of Mammalian Cell Technology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark , and
| | - Chih-Chuan Chang
- f Department of Cell Biology , Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing , China
| | - Renhong Tang
- f Department of Cell Biology , Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing , China
| | - Søren Skov
- b Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Claus Haase
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | - Lars Hornum
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
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Kalaiselvan S, Rasool MK. The anti-inflammatory effect of triphala in arthritic-induced rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:51-60. [PMID: 25289531 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.910237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Triphala, an Indian Ayurvedic herbal formulation which contains Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae), Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (Combretaceae) and Emblica officinalis L. (Phyllanthaceae), is used for treating bowel-related complications, inflammatory disorders, and gastritis. OBJECTIVE To determine the anti-arthritic effect of triphala in arthritis-induced rats. For comparison purpose, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was used. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arthritis was induced in Wistar albino rats by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (0.1 ml) into the foot pad of right hind paw. Triphala (100 mg/kg b wt, i.p.) was administered from day 11 to 18 after the administration of complete Freund's adjuvant. The activities/levels of lysosomal enzymes, glycoproteins, antioxidant status, and lipid peroxidation were determined in the paw tissues of arthritic rats. In addition, the inflammatory mediators were also measured in both the serum and the paw tissue of arthritic rats. RESULTS The levels/activities of lipid peroxidation (∼41.5%), glycoproteins (hexose ∼43.3%, hexosamine ∼36.5%, and sialic acid ∼33.7%), lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase ∼52.4%, β-galactosidase ∼22.9%, N-acetyl β-glucosaminidase ∼22.1%, and cathepsin-D ∼27.7%) were found to be decreased and the antioxidant status (SOD ∼75.6%, CAT ∼62.7%, GPx ∼55.8%, GST ∼82.1%, and GSH ∼72.7%) was increased in the paw tissues of triphala-treated arthritic rats. In addition, the inflammatory mediator levels in serum (TNF-α ∼75.5%, IL-1β ∼99%, VEGF ∼75.2%, MCP-1 ∼76.4%, and PGE2 ∼69.9%) and in paw tissues (TNF-α ∼71.6%, IL-1β ∼75.5%, VEGF ∼55.1%, MCP-1 ∼69.1%, and PGE2 ∼66.8%) were found to be suppressed. CONCLUSION Triphala has a promising anti-inflammatory effect in the inflamed paw of arthritis-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmiya Kalaiselvan
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, VIT University , Vellore, Tamil Nadu , India
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Meszaros EC, Malemud CJ. STAT1 is Constitutively Activated in the T/C28a2 Immortalized Juvenile Human Chondrocyte Line and Stimulated by IL-6 Plus Soluble IL-6R. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26213636 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
T/C28a2 immortalized juvenile human chondrocytes were employed to determine the extent to which activation of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-1 (STAT1) occurred in response to recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) or rhIL-6 in combination with the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R). Two forms of STAT1, STAT1A and STAT1B, were identified on SDS-PAGE and western blotting with anti-STAT1 antibody. Western blotting revealed that STAT1 was constitutively phosphorylated (p-STAT1). Although incubation of T/C28a2 chondrocytes with rhIL-6 (50 ng/ml) increased p-STAT1A by Δ=22.3% after 30 min, this percent difference failed to reach significance by Chi-square analysis. Similarly, no effect of rhIL-6 (Δ=+10.7%) on p-STAT1B was seen at 30 min. In contrast, although the combination of rhIL-6 plus sIL-6R had no effect on p-STAT1A, rhIL-6 plus sIL-6R increased p-STAT1B by Δ=73.3% (p<0.0001) after 30 min compared to the control group and by Δ=56.7% (p<0.0001) compared to rhIL-6 alone. Janex-1, a Janus kinase-3-specific inhibitor (100 μM) partially reduced the effect of rhIL-6 on p-STAT1B by Δ=27.7% (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that STAT1A/STAT1B was constitutively activated in T/C28a2 chondrocytes. Although rhIL-6 increased p-STAT1B to a small extent, the combination of rhIL-6 plus sIL-6R was far more effective in stimulating STAT1B phosphorylation compared to controls or rhIL-6 alone. These data support the likelihood that although JAK3-mediated activation of STAT1 in T/C28a2 chondrocytes may involve the IL-6/IL-6R/gp130 pathway, these results indicated that STAT1 activation in response to IL-6 preferentially involved IL-6 trans-signaling via sIL-6R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C Meszaros
- Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Arthritis Research Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Charles J Malemud
- Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Arthritis Research Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA ; Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Fibroblast growth factor signaling affects vascular outgrowth and is required for the maintenance of blood vessel integrity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:1310-1317. [PMID: 25200605 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis contributes to the development of numerous disorders. Even though fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) were discovered as mediators of angiogenesis more than 30 years ago, their role in developmental angiogenesis still remains elusive. We use a recently described chemical probe, SSR128129E (SSR), that selectively inhibits the action of multiple FGF receptors (FGFRs), in combination with the zebrafish model to examine the role of FGF signaling in vascular development. We observe that while FGFR signaling is less important for vessel guidance, it affects vascular outgrowth and is especially required for the maintenance of blood vessel integrity by ensuring proper cell-cell junctions between endothelial cells. In conclusion, our work illustrates the power of a small molecule probe to reveal insights into blood vessel formation and stabilization and thus of broad interest to the vascular biology community.
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Pérez-Ibave DC, Rodríguez-Sánchez IP, Garza-Rodríguez MDL, Barrera-Saldaña HA. Extrapituitary growth hormone synthesis in humans. Growth Horm IGF Res 2014; 24:47-53. [PMID: 24642386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gene for pituitary growth hormone (GH-N) in man belongs to a multigene locus located at chromosome 17q24.2, which also harbors four additional genes: one for a placental variant of GH-N (named GH-V) and three of chorionic somatommamotropin (CSH) type. Their tandem arrangement from 5' to 3' is: GH-N, CSH-L, CSH-1, GH-V and CSH-2. GH-N is mainly expressed in the pituitary from birth throughout life, while the remaining genes are expressed in the placenta of pregnant women. Pituitary somatotrophs secrete GH into the bloodstream to act at receptor sites in most tissues. GH participates in the regulation of several complex physiological processes, including growth and metabolism. Recently, the presence of GH has been described in several extrapituitary sites, such as neural, ocular, reproductive, immune, cardiovascular, muscular, dermal and skeletal tissues. It has been proposed that GH has an autocrine action in these tissues. While the body of evidence for its presence is constantly growing, research of its possible function and implications lag behind. In this review we highlight the evidence of extrapituitary synthesis of GH in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cristina Pérez-Ibave
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey 64630, Mexico
| | - Iram Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey 64630, Mexico
| | - María de Lourdes Garza-Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey 64630, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alberto Barrera-Saldaña
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey 64630, Mexico; Vitaxentrum, Blvd. Puerta del Sol 1005, Colinas de San Jerónimo, Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460 Mexico.
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Lahoti TS, Hughes JM, Kusnadi A, John K, Zhu B, Murray IA, Gowda K, Peters JM, Amin SG, Perdew GH. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonism attenuates growth factor expression, proliferation, and migration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 348:236-45. [PMID: 24309559 PMCID: PMC3912548 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.209726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and mortality. Within the inflammatory milieu, resident fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in the synovial tissue undergo hyperplasia, which leads to joint destruction. Epidemiologic studies and our previous research suggest that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway plays an instrumental role in the inflammatory and destructive RA phenotype. In addition, our recent studies implicate the AHR in the regulation of the expression of several growth factors in established tumor cell lines. Thus, under inflammatory conditions, we hypothesized that the AHR is involved in the constitutive and inducible expression of several growth factors, FLS proliferation and migration, along with protease-dependent invasion in FLS from patients with RA (RA-FLS). Treatment with the AHR antagonist GNF351 inhibits cytokine-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), epiregulin, amphiregulin, and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA through an AHR-dependent mechanism in both RA-FLS and FLS. Secretion of VEGF-A and epiregulin from RA-FLS was also inhibited upon GNF351 treatment. RA-FLS cell migration, along with cytokine-induced RA-FLS cell proliferation, was significantly attenuated by GNF351 exposure. Treatment of RA-FLS with GNF351 mitigated cytokine-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA and diminished the RA-FLS invasive phenotype. These findings indicate that inhibition of AHR activity may be a viable therapeutic target in amelioration of disease progression in RA by attenuating growth factor release; FLS proliferation, migration, and invasion; and inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas S Lahoti
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania (T.S.L., J.M.H., A.K., B.Z., I.A.M., J.M.P., G.H.P.); DuPont Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, Delaware (K.J.); and Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (K.G., S.G.A.)
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Azizi G, Boghozian R, Mirshafiey A. The potential role of angiogenic factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 17:369-83. [PMID: 24467605 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important phenomenon in the pathogenesis of some diseases, such as numerous types of tumors and autoimmunity, and also a number of soluble and cell-bound factors may stimulate neovascularization in inflammatory reaction processes. Here, by highlighting the significance of angiogenesis reaction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we will mainly focus on the role of various growth factors, cytokines, enzymes, cells, hypoxic conditions and transcription factors in the angiogenic process and we will then explain some therapeutic strategies based on blockage of angiogenesis and modification of the vascular pathology in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Azizi
- Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Abstract
Immune complexes (ICs) are produced during an immune response and may reflect some aspects of an ongoing immune response. Therefore, the identity of antigens incorporated into ICs provides the information that in the future may aid in the development of diagnosis and treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases, infection, cancer, and transplantation therapy, and this information might be more relevant than the information on free antigens. Because ICs may contain many antigens, comprehensive identification and profiling of such antigens are more effective than immunoblotting detection. Here, we introduced mass spectrometry (MS)-based two approaches (immunoproteomics and immune complexome analysis) to comprehensively identify the antigens. Immunoproteomics is a concept to identify disease-associated antigens that elicit immune responses by combining protein separation (two-dimensional electrophoresis, gel-free separation), immunological detection (Western blotting), and MS or by combining immunocapture and MS. Immune complexome analysis is designed for identifying antigens in circulating ICs and consists of ICs separation from serum and direct tryptic digestion followed by nano-liquid chromatography-tandem MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Ohyama
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Chen Y, Yu Z, Packham JC, Mattey DL. Influence of adult height on rheumatoid arthritis: association with disease activity, impairment of joint function and overall disability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64862. [PMID: 23705017 PMCID: PMC3660323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate whether normal variation of adult height is associated with clinical characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including disease activity (DAS28), impairment of joint function (mechanical joint score, MJS) and overall disability (health assessment questionnaire, HAQ). Methods A cohort (134 males, 287 females) of consecutively recruited RA patients of Northern European origin was studied. Height, weight and demographic information were obtained. A core set of disease measurements, including DAS28, MJS and HAQ, were recorded at baseline, 12 and 24 months. Other clinical variables (e.g. disease duration, IgM rheumatoid factor, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were recorded at baseline. Socioeconomic status, smoking status, comorbid condition, other autoimmune conditions and drug therapy were also recorded. Associations were analyzed using univariate statistics and multivariate linear regression models. Mediation tests were also carried out for evaluating the relationship between gender, height and disease measures. Results In males, height was inversely associated with DAS28, MJS and HAQ (at baseline and over 24 months) independent of other factors (e.g. weight, body mass index, age, disease duration, osteoporosis, autoantibodies, erosive disease, joint replacement, steroid use, smoking status, socioeconomic status and comorbid disease). In females, a similar trend was seen but the relationships were non significant. In the whole population, the association of female gender with more active disease and poor function disappeared after adjustment for height. Mediation analysis indicated that height served as a full mediator in the relationship of gender with disease activity and overall disability. Confirmation of these findings was demonstrated in a second RA population (n = 288). Conclusion Adult height is inversely associated with disease activity, impairment of joint function and overall disability in RA, particularly in males. The association of female sex with more severe disease activity and disability appears to be mediated by smaller stature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Haywood Rheumatology Centre, Haywood Hospital, High Lane, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Zanzhe Yu
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C. Packham
- Haywood Rheumatology Centre, Haywood Hospital, High Lane, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Derek L. Mattey
- Haywood Rheumatology Centre, Haywood Hospital, High Lane, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Bono F, De Smet F, Herbert C, De Bock K, Georgiadou M, Fons P, Tjwa M, Alcouffe C, Ny A, Bianciotto M, Jonckx B, Murakami M, Lanahan AA, Michielsen C, Sibrac D, Dol-Gleizes F, Mazzone M, Zacchigna S, Herault JP, Fischer C, Rigon P, Ruiz de Almodovar C, Claes F, Blanc I, Poesen K, Zhang J, Segura I, Gueguen G, Bordes MF, Lambrechts D, Broussy R, van de Wouwer M, Michaux C, Shimada T, Jean I, Blacher S, Noel A, Motte P, Rom E, Rakic JM, Katsuma S, Schaeffer P, Yayon A, Van Schepdael A, Schwalbe H, Gervasio FL, Carmeliet G, Rozensky J, Dewerchin M, Simons M, Christopoulos A, Herbert JM, Carmeliet P. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and growth by a small-molecule multi-FGF receptor blocker with allosteric properties. Cancer Cell 2013; 23:477-88. [PMID: 23597562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are targets for anticancer drug development. To date, only RTK inhibitors that block orthosteric binding of ligands and substrates have been developed. Here, we report the pharmacologic characterization of the chemical SSR128129E (SSR), which inhibits fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling by binding to the extracellular FGFR domain without affecting orthosteric FGF binding. SSR exhibits allosteric properties, including probe dependence, signaling bias, and ceiling effects. Inhibition by SSR is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Oral delivery of SSR inhibits arthritis and tumors that are relatively refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 antibodies. Thus, orally-active extracellularly acting small-molecule modulators of RTKs with allosteric properties can be developed and may offer opportunities to improve anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bono
- Early to Candidate Department and Lead Generation and Candidate Realization Department, Sanofi, 31036 Toulouse, France
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Lundh D, Hedelin H, Jonsson K, Gifford M, Larsson D. Assessing chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients: Blood plasma factors and cortisol saliva. Scand J Urol 2013; 47:521-8. [DOI: 10.3109/21681805.2013.769460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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48
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Abstract
Dysfunctional intracellular signaling involving deregulated activation of the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) and "cross-talk" between JAK/STAT and the stress-activated protein kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (SAPK/MAPK) and Phosphatidylinositide-3-Kinase/AKT/mammalian Target of Rapamycin (PI-3K/AKT/mTOR) pathways play a critical role in rheumatoid arthritis. This is exemplified by immune-mediated chronic inflammation, up-regulated matrix metalloproteinase gene expression, induction of articular chondrocyte apoptosis and "apoptosis-resistance" in rheumatoid synovial tissue. An important consideration in the development of novel therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis will be the extent to which inhibiting these signal transduction pathways will sufficiently suppress immune cell-mediated inflammation to produce a lasting clinical remission and halt the progression of rheumatoid arthritis pathology. In that regard, the majority of the evidence accumulated over the past decade indicated that merely suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated JAK/ STAT, SAPK/MAPK or PI-3K/AKT/mTOR activation in RA patients may be necessary but not sufficient to result in clinical improvement. Thus, targeting aberrant enzyme activities of spleen tyrosine kinase, sphingosine kinases-1, -2, transforming growth factor β-activated kinase-1, bone marrow kinase, and nuclear factor-κB-inducing kinase for intervention may also have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Malemud
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Activated macrophages induce neovascularization through upregulation of MMP-9 and VEGF in rat corneas. Cornea 2012; 31:1028-35. [PMID: 22677637 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e31823f8b40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the mechanisms of activated macrophages (A-Mφ) involved in corneal angiogenesis. METHODS Activated macrophages were elicited by mineral oil lumbar injection and implanted into corneal micropockets in rats for the treatment group, A-Mφ, and phosphate-buffered saline group as control. Corneal changes were observed with a slit lamp microscope, and histopathological features were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the relative expression of angiogenesis-associated factors and inflammatory mediators in the activated macrophages and corneal tissue after implantation. RESULTS Immunofluorescence showed that peritoneal cells expressed antigens of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68, ED1), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Activated macrophages significantly induced corneal neovascularization (CNV), which peaked on day 5, whereas the control group and normal corneas showed less CNV. The activated macrophages and corneal tissue after implantation expressed the angiogenesis-related factors, such as cyclooxygenase-2, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, interleukin-1 alpha, MMP-9, and VEGF in messenger RNA (mRNA). However, mRNA expression of MMP-9 and VEGF differed significantly only in the cornea between the A-Mφ group and phosphate-buffered saline group 5 days after the implantation. MMP-9 and VEGF expression of mRNA and protein was higher in the A-Mφ group than that in the control group and normal corneas. CONCLUSIONS Activated macrophages induce obvious CNV and related mechanisms, which may be correlated with MMP-9 and VEGF autocrine in activated macrophages and upregulation of MMP-9 and VEGF in corneal tissue.
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50
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Pelekanou V, Notas G, Kampa M, Tsentelierou E, Radojicic J, Leclercq G, Castanas E, Stathopoulos EN. ERα36, a new variant of the ERα is expressed in triple negative breast carcinomas and has a specific transcriptomic signature in breast cancer cell lines. Steroids 2012; 77:928-34. [PMID: 22198466 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is deprived of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2 protein. It constitutes the most heterogeneous and aggressive group of breast carcinomas, for which identification of novel characteristics and characterization of putative targets becomes very demanding. In the present work we have assayed the expression of ERα36, a recently identified ERα variant of 36kDa, in a series of triple negative breast cancers, in relation to the clinical behavior and other clinico-pathological features of the tumors. While widely expressed within the cytoplasm in almost all tumors, we found that exclusively the membrane/submembrane expression of the receptor exhibits a correlation with patient's survival. Moreover, membrane ERα36 correlates in an inverse manner with the expression of miRNA210, a pro-angiogenic miR, with high prognostic relevance in triple negative carcinomas. A thorough transcriptomic, pharmacological-based approach in breast cancer cell lines, revealed an early (direct) transcriptional signature of the receptor activation, related to immune system processes and T-cell differentiation, RNA biosynthesis, regulation of metabolism, VEGF signaling and regulation of the cell cycle, with a down-regulation of CREB, NFκB and STATs transcription factors. Finally, ERα36 expression is not limited within breast cancer epithelial linen, but is equally identified in tumor vasculature, peritumoral fat tissue, lymphocytic infiltrate and stromal fibroblasts. In light of the above, ERα36 could represent a major counterpart in triple negative breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Metabolic Networks and Pathways
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/mortality
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/pathology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Pelekanou
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece.
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