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Zhou H, Ren S, Yang Y, Qin Y, Guo T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Ma L. Transgenerational toxicity induced by maternal AFB 1 exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans associated with underlying epigenetic regulations. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114599. [PMID: 38490352 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), usually seriously contaminates in grain and oil foods or feed, displayed significant acute and chronic toxic effects in human and animal populations. However, little is known about the transgenerational toxic effects induced by a maternal AFB1 intake at a lower dose on offspring. In our study, only parental wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed to AFB1 (0-8 μg/ml) and the following three filial generations were grown on AFB1-free NGM. Results showed that the toxic effects of AFB1 on the growth (body length) and reproduction (brood size, generation time and morphology of gonad arm) can be transmitted through generations. Moreover, the levels of MMP and ATP were irreversibly inhibited in the filial generations. By using RNomics and molecular biology techniques, we found that steroid biosynthesis, phagosome, valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation (p < 0.05) were the core signaling pathways to exert the transgenerational toxic effects on nematodes. Also, notably increased histone methylation level at H3K36me3 was observed in the first generation. Taken together, our study demonstrated that AFB1 has notable transgenerational toxic effects, which were resulted from the complex regulatory network of various miRNAs, mRNAs and epigenetic modification in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
| | - Sirui Ren
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yulian Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuxian Qin
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ting Guo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, 401121, China.
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Costa B, Vale N. Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3730. [PMID: 38612542 PMCID: PMC11011490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between viruses and epilepsy involves a bidirectional interaction. Certain viruses can induce epilepsy by infecting the brain, leading to inflammation, damage, or abnormal electrical activity. Conversely, epilepsy patients may be more susceptible to viral infections due to factors, such as compromised immune systems, anticonvulsant drugs, or surgical interventions. Neuroinflammation, a common factor in both scenarios, exhibits onset, duration, intensity, and consequence variations. It can modulate epileptogenesis, increase seizure susceptibility, and impact anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics, immune system function, and brain physiology. Viral infections significantly impact the clinical management of epilepsy patients, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach encompassing diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of both conditions. We delved into the dual dynamics of viruses inducing epilepsy and epilepsy patients acquiring viruses, examining the unique features of each case. For virus-induced epilepsy, we specify virus types, elucidate mechanisms of epilepsy induction, emphasize neuroinflammation's impact, and analyze its effects on anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics. Conversely, in epilepsy patients acquiring viruses, we detail the acquired virus, its interaction with existing epilepsy, neuroinflammation effects, and changes in anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics. Understanding this interplay advances precision therapies for epilepsy during viral infections, providing mechanistic insights, identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and supporting optimized dosing regimens. However, further studies are crucial to validate tools, discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and evaluate targeted therapy safety and efficacy in diverse epilepsy and viral infection scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Costa
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Abdel Mageed SS, Rashad AA, Elshaer SS, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Darwish SF, Salama RM, Mangoura SA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Gomaa RM, Elesawy AE, El-Demerdash AA, Zaki MB, Abulsoud AI, El-Dakroury WA, Elrebehy MA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Moustafa YM, Gedawy EM, Doghish AS. The emerging role of miRNAs in epilepsy: From molecular signatures to diagnostic potential. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155146. [PMID: 38266457 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a medical condition characterized by intermittent seizures accompanied by changes in consciousness. Epilepsy significantly impairs the daily functioning and overall well-being of affected individuals. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from various dysfunctions in brain activity. The molecular processes underlying changes in neuronal structure, impaired apoptotic responses in neurons, and disruption of regenerative pathways in glial cells in epilepsy remain unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the body's regenerative and immune responses. miRNAs have been shown to influence many pathogenic processes in epilepsy including inflammatory responses, neuronal necrosis and apoptosis, dendritic growth, synaptic remodeling, and other processes related to the development of epilepsy. Therefore, the purpose of our current analysis was to determine the role of miRNAs in the etiology and progression of epilepsy. Furthermore, they have been examined for their potential application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar F Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safwat Abdelhady Mangoura
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Rania M Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, P.O. Box 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Aya A El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, P.O. Box 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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Tripathi S, Nathan CL, Tate MC, Horbinski CM, Templer JW, Rosenow JM, Sita TL, James CD, Deneen B, Miller SD, Heimberger AB. The immune system and metabolic products in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy: emerging therapeutic directions. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174753. [PMID: 38193532 PMCID: PMC10906461 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy has a profound impact on quality of life. Despite the development of new antiseizure medications (ASMs), approximately one-third of affected patients have drug-refractory epilepsy and are nonresponsive to medical treatment. Nearly all currently approved ASMs target neuronal activity through ion channel modulation. Recent human and animal model studies have implicated new immunotherapeutic and metabolomic approaches that may benefit patients with epilepsy. In this Review, we detail the proinflammatory immune landscape of epilepsy and contrast this with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in patients with glioma-related epilepsy. In the tumor setting, excessive neuronal activity facilitates immunosuppression, thereby contributing to subsequent glioma progression. Metabolic modulation of the IDH1-mutant pathway provides a dual pathway for reversing immune suppression and dampening seizure activity. Elucidating the relationship between neurons and immunoreactivity is an area for the prioritization and development of the next era of ASMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashwat Tripathi
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Craig M. Horbinski
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Pathology, and
| | | | | | - Timothy L. Sita
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles D. James
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
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Mu C, Gao M, Xu W, Sun X, Chen T, Xu H, Qiu H. Mechanisms of microRNA-132 in central neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116029. [PMID: 38128185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-132 (miR-132) is a highly conserved molecule that plays a crucial regulatory role in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The expression levels of miR-132 exhibit variability in various neurological disorders and have been closely linked to disease onset and progression. The expression level of miR-132 in the CNS is regulated by a diverse range of stimuli and signaling pathways, including neuronal migration and integration, dendritic outgrowth, and complexity, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, as well as inflammation and apoptosis activation. The aberrant expression of miR-132 in various central neurodegenerative diseases has garnered widespread attention. Clinical studies have revealed altered miR-132 expression levels in both chronic and acute CNS diseases, positioning miR-132 as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. An in-depth exploration of miR-132 holds the promise of enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying CNS diseases, thereby offering novel insights and strategies for disease diagnosis and treatment. It is anticipated that this review will assist researchers in recognizing the potential value of miR-132 and in generating innovative ideas for clinical trials related to CNS degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Mu
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
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Yu C, Deng XJ, Xu D. Microglia in epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106249. [PMID: 37536386 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of most common chronic neurological disorders, and the antiseizure medications developed by targeting neurocentric mechanisms have not effectively reduced the proportion of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Further exploration of the cellular or molecular mechanism of epilepsy is expected to provide new options for treatment. Recently, more and more researches focus on brain network components other than neurons, among which microglia have attracted much attention for their diverse biological functions. As the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, microglia have highly plastic transcription, morphology and functional characteristics, which can change dynamically in a context-dependent manner during the progression of epilepsy. In the pathogenesis of epilepsy, highly reactive microglia interact with other components in the epileptogenic network by performing crucial functions such as secretion of soluble factors and phagocytosis, thus continuously reshaping the landscape of the epileptic brain microenvironment. Indeed, microglia appear to be both pro-epileptic and anti-epileptic under the different spatiotemporal contexts of disease, rendering interventions targeting microglia biologically complex and challenging. This comprehensive review critically summarizes the pathophysiological role of microglia in epileptic brain homeostasis alterations and explores potential therapeutic or modulatory targets for epilepsy targeting microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China
| | - Xue-Jun Deng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China
| | - Da Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China.
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Mani V, Rashed Almutairi S. Impact of levetiracetam on cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis caused by lipopolysaccharides in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101728. [PMID: 37583755 PMCID: PMC10424214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuroinflammation is associated with the elevation of toxic proinflammatory mediators that promote neurodegeneration and subsequently affect cognition. Causes of inflammation in the neuronal cells are believed to initiate various neurodegenerative disorders, mainly Alzheimer's disease. Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug. There is evidence supporting the memory-enhancing effect of levetiracetam from numerous experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, this research focused on finding its protective effects against lipopolysaccharides prompted cognitive impairment and exploring possible mechanisms underlining their neuroprotection. Methodology Two doses (100 or 200 mg/kg) of levetiracetam were administrated orally for 30 days. Additionally, four doses (250 µg/kg) of lipopolysaccharide were injected peripherally to induce neurotoxicity. Behavioral tests were carried out using various maze models. At the end of the tests, brain tissues were collected for biochemical evaluations. Cholinergic, neuroinflammatory, apoptosis, and oxidative-related parameters were analyzed in the brain homogenate to explore the possible mechanisms of action of levetiracetam. Results In lipopolysaccharide-induced rats, levetiracetam indicated a reduction (p < 0.01) in transfer latency using the elevated plus-maze. An improvement (p < 0.01) in novel and familiar objects exploration time using novel object recognition test. A rise (p < 0.05) in novel arm entries and extended time spent in the novel arm using the Y-maze test. In extension, the levels of acetylcholine (p < 0.001), anti-inflammatory factors (transforming growth factor-β1; p < 0.01 and interleukin-10; p < 0.05), and an antioxidant (catalase; p < 0.01) were elevated in lipopolysaccharide-induced rats after the administration of levetiracetam. In contrast, inflammatory factors (cyclooxygenase-2; p < 0.05, nuclear factor kappa B; p < 0.05, tumor necrosis factor-α; p < 0.01, and interleukin-6 (p < 0.01), apoptosis inducers (BCL2-associated X protein; p < 0.05 and Caspase-3 (p < 0.001), and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde; p < 0.05) were considerably reduced with levetiracetam in lipopolysaccharide-induced rats. Conclusion The collective results suggested that levetiracetam may be able to treat neuroinflammatory-related memory loss by enhancing cholinergic activity while reducing neuroinflammation, cellular apoptosis, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Rashed Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Shnayder NA, Ashkhotov AV, Trefilova VV, Nurgaliev ZA, Novitsky MA, Petrova MM, Narodova EA, Al-Zamil M, Chumakova GA, Garganeeva NP, Nasyrova RF. Molecular Basic of Pharmacotherapy of Cytokine Imbalance as a Component of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097692. [PMID: 37175399 PMCID: PMC10178334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and associated conditions are an important problem in modern medicine. The onset of IDD may be in childhood and adolescence in patients with a genetic predisposition. With age, IDD progresses, leading to spondylosis, spondylarthrosis, herniated disc, spinal canal stenosis. One of the leading mechanisms in the development of IDD and chronic back pain is an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, classical therapeutic strategies for correcting cytokine imbalance in IDD do not give the expected response in more than half of the cases. The purpose of this review is to update knowledge about new and promising therapeutic strategies based on the correction of the molecular mechanisms of cytokine imbalance in patients with IDD. This review demonstrates that knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be a new key to finding more effective drugs for the treatment of IDD in the setting of acute and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Shnayder
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Shared Core Facilities "Molecular and Cell Technologies", V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Azamat V Ashkhotov
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vera V Trefilova
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for War Veterans, 193079 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zaitun A Nurgaliev
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for War Veterans, 193079 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim A Novitsky
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for War Veterans, 193079 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina M Petrova
- Shared Core Facilities "Molecular and Cell Technologies", V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Narodova
- Shared Core Facilities "Molecular and Cell Technologies", V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Mustafa Al-Zamil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Continuing Medical Education, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina A Chumakova
- Department of Therapy and General Medical Practice with a Course of Postgraduate Professional Education, Altai State Medical University, 656038 Barnaul, Russia
| | - Natalia P Garganeeva
- Department of General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Regina F Nasyrova
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, 443016 Samara, Russia
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Ryu IS, Kim DH, Cho HJ, Ryu JH. The role of microRNA-485 in neurodegenerative diseases. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:49-62. [PMID: 35793556 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are age-related disorders characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and neuronal cell loss in the central nervous system. Neuropathological conditions such as the accumulation of misfolded proteins can cause neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction in the brain, leading to the development of NDDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally via RNA interference. Recently, some studies have reported that some miRNAs play an important role in the development of NDDs by regulating target gene expression. MiRNA-485 (miR-485) is a highly conserved brain-enriched miRNA. Accumulating clinical reports suggest that dysregulated miR-485 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD and PD. Emerging studies have also shown that miR-485 plays a novel role in the regulation of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and synaptic function in the pathogenesis of NDDs. In this review, we introduce the biological characteristics of miR-485, provide clinical evidence of the dysregulated miR-485 in NDDs, novel roles of miR-485 in neuropathological events, and discuss the potential of targeting miR-485 as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Soo Ryu
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Kim
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeob Ryu
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea.,Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 245 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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10
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Epigenetics in epilepsy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 198:249-269. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Zhao G, Fu Y, Yang C, Yang X, Hu X. Exploring the pathogenesis linking traumatic brain injury and epilepsy via bioinformatic analyses. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1047908. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1047908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious disease that could increase the risk of epilepsy. The purpose of this article is to explore the common molecular mechanism in TBI and epilepsy with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Two datasets of TBI and epilepsy in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. Functional enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and hub gene identification were performed based on the cross-talk genes of aforementioned two diseases. Another dataset was used to validate these hub genes. Moreover, the abundance of infiltrating immune cells was evaluated through Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI). The common microRNAs (miRNAs) between TBI and epilepsy were acquired via the Human microRNA Disease Database (HMDD). The overlapped genes in cross-talk genes and target genes predicted through the TargetScan were obtained to construct the common miRNAs–mRNAs network. A total of 106 cross-talk genes were screened out, including 37 upregulated and 69 downregulated genes. Through the enrichment analyses, we showed that the terms about cytokine and immunity were enriched many times, particularly interferon gamma signaling pathway. Four critical hub genes were screened out for co-expression analysis. The miRNA–mRNA network revealed that three miRNAs may affect the shared interferon-induced genes, which might have essential roles in PTE. Our study showed the potential role of interferon gamma signaling pathway in pathogenesis of PTE, which may provide a promising target for future therapeutic interventions.
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Gong S, Wang X, Zhou P, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. AND Logic-Gate-Based CRISPR/Cas12a Biosensing Platform for the Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Dual miRNAs. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15839-15846. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Gong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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Gong L, Han Y, Chen R, Yang P, Zhang C. LncRNA ZNF883-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Epilepsy Development Involve USP47 Upregulation. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5207-5221. [PMID: 35678979 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to characterize the mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ZNF883 regulating NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in epilepsy (EP). Rat and cellular EP models were established using pilocarpine and magnesium-free extracellular fluid, respectively, to detect the differential expression of ZNF883, microRNA (miR)-138-5p, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 47 (USP47), and NLRP3. The pathology of the hippocampal neurons was examined by whole-cell patch clamping. The expression of ZNF883, miR-138-5p, and USP47 was modified in epileptic neurons, and the EP rats were injected with sh-ZNF883. Then, alterations in ZNF883, miR-138-5p, and USP47 levels were measured. The histopathology of the hippocampus was detected, along with the detection of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and NLRP3. Neuronal apoptosis in the rat and cellular EP models was determined. The relationship among ZNF883, miR-138-5p, and USP47 as well as the regulation of NLRP3 ubiquitination by USP47 was determined. ZNF883, USP47, and NLRP3 were increasingly expressed and miR-138-5p was downregulated in epileptic neurons and rats, concurrent with aggravated inflammation and apoptosis. ZNF883 overexpression in epileptic neurons elevated USP47 expression. ZNF883 targeted miR-138-5p and miR-138-5p negatively regulated USP47. In epileptic neurons, inhibiting miR-138-5p or overexpressing USP47 partially reversed the ZNF883 silencing-induced inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome activation, neuronal apoptosis, and epileptiform activity. ZNF883 silencing in EP rats decreased USP47 and NLRP3, increased miR-138-5p, and inhibited inflammation and apoptosis. USP47 reversed the ubiquitination of NLRP3. ZNF883 inhibits NLRP3 ubiquitination and promotes EP through upregulating USP47 by sponging miR-138-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gong
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Han
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China.
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Xie Y, Wang M, Deng X, Chen Y. Long non-coding RNA H19 alleviates hippocampal damage in convulsive status epilepticus rats through the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12783-12793. [PMID: 35603469 PMCID: PMC9275906 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2074760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Deng
- Department of Neurology, Xiehe Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Moradi F, Eslami F, Rahimi N, Koohfar A, Shayan M, Maadani M, Ghasemi M, Dehpour AR. Modafinil exerts anticonvulsive effects against lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats: A role for tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide signaling. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 130:108649. [PMID: 35344809 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Status epilepticus (SE) is a continuous episode of seizures which leads to hippocampal neurodegeneration, severe systemic inflammation, and extreme damage to the brain. Modafinil, a psychostimulant and wake-promoting agent, has exerted neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in previous preclinical studies. The aim of this study was to assess effects of modafinil on the lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE rat model and to explore possible involvement of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) pathways in this regard. METHODS Status epilepticus was provoked by injection of lithium chloride (127 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p]) and pilocarpine (60 mg/kg, i.p.) in rats. Animals received different modafinil doses (50, 75, 100, and 150 mg/kg, i.p.) and SE scores were documented over 3 hours of duration. Moreover, the role of the nitrergic pathway in the effects of modafinil was evaluated by injection of the non-selective NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NG-Nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), the selective neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (30 mg/kg, i.p.), and the selective inducible NOS inhibitor aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before saline/vehicle or modafinil. The ELISA method was used to quantify TNF-α and NO metabolite levels in the isolated hippocampus. RESULTS Modafinil at 100 mg/kg significantly decreased SE scores (P < 0.01). Pre-treatment with L-NAME, 7-nitroindazole, and aminoguanidine significantly reversed the anticonvulsive effects of modafinil. Status epilepticus-induced animals showed significantly higher NO metabolite and TNF-α levels in their hippocampal tissues, an effect that was reversed by modafinil (100 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment. Administration of NOS inhibitors resulted in excessive NO level reduction but an escalation of TNF-α level in modafinil-treated SE-animals. CONCLUSION Our study revealed anticonvulsive effects of modafinil in the lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE rat model via possible involvement of TNF-α and nitrergic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Moradi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Eslami
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Koohfar
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshad Maadani
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wolinski P, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Glabinski A. Cytokines and Neurodegeneration in Epileptogenesis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030380. [PMID: 35326336 PMCID: PMC8945903 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common brain disorder characterized by a heterogenous etiology. Its main features are recurrent seizures. Despite many clinical studies, about 30% of cases are refractory to treatment. Recent studies suggested the important role of immune-system elements in its pathogenesis. It was suggested that a deregulated inflammatory process may lead to aberrant neural connectivity and the hyperexcitability of the neuronal network. The aim of our study was the analysis of the expression of inflammatory mediators in a mouse model of epilepsy and their impact on the neurodegeneration process located in the brain. We used the KA-induced model of epilepsy in SJL/J mice and performed the analysis of gene expression and protein levels. We observed the upregulation of IL1β and CXCL12 in the early phase of KA-induced epilepsy and elevated levels of CCL5 at a later time point, compared with control animals. The most important result obtained in our study is the elevation of CXCL2 expression at both studied time points and its correlation with the neurodegeneration observed in mouse brain. Increasing experimental and clinical data suggest the influence of peripheral inflammation on epileptogenesis. Thus, studies focused on the molecular markers of neuroinflammation are of great value and may help deepen our knowledge about epilepsy, leading to the discovery of new drugs.
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Erdil A, Demirsoy MS, Çolak S, Duman E, Sümbül O, Aygun H. The effect of dexketoprofen trometamol on WAG/Rij rats with absence epilepsy (dexketoprofen in absence epilepsy). Neurol Res 2021; 43:1116-1125. [PMID: 34278977 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1952510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Dexketoprofen (DEX) is a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used as an analgesic. The present study aimed to assess the efficiency of DEX on WAG/Rij rats by electrophysiologically and behaviorally. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight male WAG/Rij rats were used. The effects of acute treatment with DEX (5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p) on absence-like seizures, and related psychiatric comorbidity were assessed. The ECoG recording was taken for 180 min before and after drug injection. After drug injection and EcoG recording, anxiety-depression-like behavior was tested with the open field test for 5 min. RESULTS The 5 mg/kg DEX significantly reduced the number and duration of SWDs percentage (p < 0.05) between 120 and 180 min, but 25 and 50 mg/kg DEX significantly increased the number and duration of SWDs percentage between 0 and 30 min (p < 0.05), and after 30 min the increase stopped (p > 0.05). And also, the 5 mg/kg DEX decreased the number and duration of SWDs percentage (p < 0.05) for 180 min (p < 0.05), but 25 and 50 mg/kg DEX administration did not alter (p > 0.05). The 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg doses of DEX significantly increased the duration of grooming (p < 0.05) but did not change the number of squares crossed (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Low dose DEX reduced absence-like seizures, but care should be taken when using high doses in absence epilepsy. Also, it may be beneficial for painful diseases accompanied by anxiety-depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aras Erdil
- TR Ministry of Health, Sivas Dental Health Hospital, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sami Demirsoy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | | | - Esra Duman
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program Vocational School University of Gazi Osmanpasa, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Orhan Sümbül
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine University of Gaziosmanpasa, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hatice Aygun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Zhang M, Bian Z. Alzheimer's Disease and microRNA-132: A Widespread Pathological Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:687973. [PMID: 34108863 PMCID: PMC8180577 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.687973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly and is the most common type of dementia. AD is mostly gradual onset, and involves slow, progressive mental decline, accompanied by personality changes; the incidence of AD gradually increases with age. The etiology of AD is unknown, although it is currently believed to be related to abnormal deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the brain, hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau, and the release of various cytokines, complements, activators and chemokines by cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, and manipulate the functions of intracellular proteins and physiological processes. Emerging studies have shown that miRNA plays an important role in regulating AD-related genes. MiR-132 is known as "NeurimmiR" due to its involvement in numerous neurophysiological and pathological processes. Accumulating pre-clinical results suggest that miR-132 may be involved in the progression of Aβ and tau pathology. Moreover, clinical studies have indicated that decreased circulating miR-132 levels could be used a potential diagnostic biomarker in AD. Here, we review the pathogenic role of miR-132 activity in AD, and the potential of targeting miR-132 for developing future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhigang Bian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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El-Sayed SS, El-Yamany MF, Salem HA, El-Sahar AE. New insights into the effects of vinpocetine against neurobehavioral comorbidities in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy via the downregulation of the hippocampal PI3K/mTOR signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:626-640. [PMID: 33772295 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As one of the most frequent worldwide neurological disorders, epilepsy is an alteration of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by abnormal increases in neuronal electrical activity. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway has been investigated as an interesting objective in epilepsy research. Vinpocetine (VNP), a synthesized derivative of the apovincamine alkaloid, has been used in different cerebrovascular disorders. This study aimed to examine the modulatory effects of VNP on neurobehavioral comorbidities via the mTOR signalling pathway in a lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pil) rat model of seizures. METHODS In male Wistar rats, seizures were induced with a single administration of pilocarpine (60 mg/kg; i.p.) 20 hours after the delivery of a single dose of lithium (3 mEq/kg; i.p.). VNP (10 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered daily for 14 consecutive days before Li-Pil administration. KEY FINDINGS VNP had a protective effect against Li-Pil-induced seizures. VNP improved both the locomotor and cognitive abilities, moreover, VNP exerted a neuroprotective action, as verified histologically and by its inhibitory effects on hippocampal glutamate excitotoxicity, mTOR pathway, and inflammatory and apoptotic parameters. CONCLUSIONS VNP is a valuable candidate for epilepsy therapy via its modulation of the mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis with emphasis on its modulatory effect on mTOR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F El-Yamany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, Egypt
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Hosny EN, Elhadidy ME, Sawie HG, Kilany A, Khadrawy YA. Effect of frankincense oil on the neurochemical changes induced in rat model of status epilepticus. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-019-0139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The current objective is to evaluate the effect of frankincense oil on the convulsions and the associated neurochemical alterations produced in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rat model.
Methods
Rats were divided randomly into: control, status epilepticus rat model and rat model of status epilepticus pretreated with frankincense oil daily for 5 days before pilocarpine treatment. On the fifth day, after pilocarpine injection, rats were observed to evaluate the severity of seizures for 2 h. The oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β and acetylcholinesterase were determined in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin were measured in the cortex and striatum.
Results
The status epilepticus model exhibited repetitive seizures in the form of generalized tonic- clonic convulsions after 30 min. of pilocarpine injection. This was associated with a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and a significant decrease in reduced glutathione in the three regions. A significant increase was also observed in interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and acetylcholinesterase. In the cortex and striatum, a significant decrease was recorded in monoamine levels. Pretreatment of rat model of status epilepticus with frankincense oil decreased the severity of seizures that appeared in the form of tremors and facial automatisms and prevented the increase in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and acetylcholinesterase and the decrease in reduced glutathione induced by pilocarpine in the studied brain regions. Frankincense oil failed to restore the decreased level of cortical serotonin and dopamine. In the striatum, frankincense oil improved the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine but failed to restore the decreased dopamine levels.
Conclusion
It is clear from the present results that frankincense oil reduced the severity of seizures induced by pilocarpine. This could be mediated by its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Chen SD, Pan HY, Huang JB, Liu XP, Li JH, Ho CJ, Tsai MH, Yang JL, Chen SF, Chen NC, Chuang YC. Circulating MicroRNAs from Serum Exosomes May Serve as a Putative Biomarker in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Focal Cortical Dysplasia. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081867. [PMID: 32785072 PMCID: PMC7465068 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a congenital malformation of cortical development where the cortical neurons located in the brain area fail to migrate in the proper formation. Epilepsy, particularly medically refractory epilepsy, is the most common clinical presentation for all types of FCD. This study aimed to explore the expression change of circulating miRNAs in patients with FCD from serum exosomes. A total of nine patients with FCD and four healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The serum exosomes were isolated from the peripheral blood of the subjects. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the exosomes. Both exosomal markers and neuronal markers were detected by Western blotting analysis to prove that we could obtain central nervous system-derived exosomes from the circulation. The expression profiles of circulating exosomal miRNAs were assessed using next-generation sequencing analysis (NGS). We obtained a total of 107 miRNAs with dominant fold change (>2-fold) from both the annotated 5p-arm and 3p-arm of 2780 mature miRNAs. Based on the integrated platform of HMDD v3.2, miRway DB and DIANA-miRPath v3.0 online tools, and confirmed by MiRBase analysis, four potentially predicted miRNAs from serum exosomes in patients with FCD were identified, including miR194-2-5p, miR15a-5p, miR-132-3p, and miR-145-5p. All four miRNAs presented upregulated expression in patients with FCD compared with controls. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and pathway category of four target miRNAs, we found eight possible signaling pathways that may be related to FCD. Among them, we suggest that the mTOR signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and cell cycle regulation and TGF-beta signaling pathway are high-risk pathways that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of FCD and refractory epilepsy. Our results suggest that the circulating miRNAs from exosomes may provide a potential biomarker for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic adjuncts in patients with FCD and refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Der Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (X.-P.L.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-L.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yung Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-Y.P.); (J.-B.H.)
| | - Jyun-Bin Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-Y.P.); (J.-B.H.)
| | - Xuan-Ping Liu
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (X.-P.L.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Jie-Hau Li
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (X.-P.L.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Chen-Jui Ho
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
| | - Meng-Han Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Lin Yang
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (X.-P.L.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Shu-Fang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
| | - Nai-Ching Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
| | - Yao-Chung Chuang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (S.-D.C.); (C.-J.H.); (M.-H.T.); (S.-F.C.); (N.-C.C.)
- Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (X.-P.L.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-L.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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van Dartel D, Schelhaas HJ, Colon AJ, Kho KH, de Vos CC. Breath analysis in detecting epilepsy. J Breath Res 2020; 14:031001. [PMID: 31972555 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab6f14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this proof of concept study is to investigate if an electronic nose (eNose) is able to make a distinction between breath profiles of diagnosed epilepsy patients and epilepsy-free control subjects. An eNose is a non-invasive device, with a working mechanism that is based on the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. These VOCs interact with the sensors of the eNose, and the eNose has to be trained to distinguish between breath patterns from patients with a specific disease and control subjects without that disease. During the measurement participants were asked to breathe through the eNose for five minutes via a disposable mouthpiece. Seventy-four epilepsy patients and 110 control subjects were measured to train the eNose and create a classification model. To assess the effects of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) usage on the classification, additional test groups were measured: seven patients who (temporarily) did not use AEDs and 11 patients without epilepsy who used AEDs. The results show that an eNose is able to make a distinction between epilepsy and control subjects with a sensitivity of 76%, a specificity of 67%, and an accuracy of 71%. The results of the two additional groups of subjects show that the created model classifies one out of seven epilepsy patients without AEDs and six out of 13 patients without epilepsy but with AEDs correctly. In this proof of concept study, the AeonoseTM is able to differentiate between epilepsy patients and control subjects. However, the number of false positives and false negatives is still high, which suggests that this first model is still mainly based on the usage of various AEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieuwke van Dartel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. Biomedical Signals and Systems group, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
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23
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Singh S, Singh TG. Role of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) Signalling in Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Mechanistic Approach. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:918-935. [PMID: 32031074 PMCID: PMC7709146 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200207120949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A transcriptional regulatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) protein is a modulator of cellular biological activity via binding to a promoter region in the nucleus and transcribing various protein genes. The recent research implicated the intensive role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in diseases like autoimmune disorder, inflammatory, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) protein offers a new opportunity as a therapeutic approach. Activation of IκB kinase/NF-κB signaling pathway leads to the development of various pathological conditions in human beings, such as neurodegenerative, inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Therefore, the transcriptional activity of IκB kinase/NF- κB is strongly regulated at various cascade pathways. The nuclear factor NF-kB pathway plays a major role in the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, including cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. In response to the diverse stimuli, the cytosolic sequestered NF-κB in an inactivated form by binding with an inhibitor molecule protein (IkB) gets phosphorylated and translocated into the nucleus further transcribing various genes necessary for modifying various cellular functions. The various researches confirmed the role of different family member proteins of NF-κB implicated in expressing various genes products and mediating various cellular cascades. MicroRNAs, as regulators of NF- κB microRNAs play important roles in the regulation of the inflammatory process. Therefore, the inhibitor of NF-κB and its family members plays a novel therapeutic target in preventing various diseases. Regulation of NF- κB signaling pathway may be a safe and effective treatment strategy for various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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24
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Elnady HG, Abdelmoneam N, Eissa E, Hamid ERA, Zeid DA, Abo-Shanab AM, Atta H, Kholoussi NM. MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Childhood Epilepsy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3965-3969. [PMID: 32165937 PMCID: PMC7061375 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is the most frequent chronic neurologic condition in childhood. Its clinical diagnosis is based on electroencephalograms (EEG) and neuroimaging techniques. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression of several genes and are aberrantly expressed in several diseases. AIM Evaluation of using circulating miR-106b and miR-146a as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in children patients with epilepsy. METHODS Thirty epileptic children and twenty controls were enrolled in our study. They were assessed for the expression pattern of miR-106b and miR-146a in plasma using quantitative real-time PCR and determination of plasma Immunoglobulin levels. RESULTS MiR-146a and miR-106b expression patterns were significantly up-regulated in children patients than that in normal controls. Plasma Immunoglobulins were differentially expressed in epileptic patients in comparison with healthy controls. No correlations were found between expression levels of miRNAs (miR-146a and miR-106b) and clinical data or immunoglobulin levels in children patients with epilepsy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that up-regulated plasma miR-106b and miR-146a could be used as biomarkers for epilepsy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala G Elnady
- Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Abdelmoneam
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Eissa
- Immunogenetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Enas R Abdel Hamid
- Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina Abu Zeid
- Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Assem M Abo-Shanab
- Immunogenetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Atta
- Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Kholoussi
- Immunogenetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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25
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Wu Z, Liu Y, Huang J, Huang Y, Fan L. MiR-206 inhibits epilepsy and seizure-induced brain injury by targeting CCL2. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:809-818. [PMID: 31243650 PMCID: PMC6663963 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the function of miR-206 in epilepsy. Epileptic rat model was established by intra-amygdala injection of kainic acid (KA). Expression levels of miR-206, C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) and interleukin-1β (Il-1β) in hippocampus tissues was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the binding of miR-206 to 3' untranslated region (UTR) of CCL2. Finally, brain waves were recorded and Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Nissl's staining were performed on the epileptic rat injected with LPS, miR-206 agomir, adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressed CCL2 alone or in combination. Expression of miR-206 was specially decreased in hippocampus tissues compared to cortex in response to KA induced pathologic brain activity. Enforced expression of miR-206 by injection miR-206 agomir not only decreased seizure activity, but also protected KA-induced neuronal loss. And enforced expression of miR-206 suppressed increase of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) and interleukin-1β (Il-1β) which were induced by injection of KA or KA combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Further more, results of dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed CCL2 was a target of miR-206. Finally, co-injection adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressed CCL2 with miR-206 agomir abolished the function of miR-206 agomir. Taken together, our results showed that expression of miR-206 could inhibit seizure-induced brain injury by targeting CCL2. Our results showed that expression of miR-206 could inhibit seizure-induced brain injury by targeting CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou Medicine High-tech Zone, Taizhou City, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou Medicine High-tech Zone, Taizhou City, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou Medicine High-tech Zone, Taizhou City, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou Medicine High-tech Zone, Taizhou City, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou Medicine High-tech Zone, Taizhou City, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
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26
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Chen DZ, Wang WW, Chen YL, Yang XF, Zhao M, Yang YY. miR‑128 is upregulated in epilepsy and promotes apoptosis through the SIRT1 cascade. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:694-704. [PMID: 31173166 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the functional and molecular effects of miR‑128 in epilepsy, in order to investigate its potential protective mechanisms. Firstly, miR‑128 expression in rats with lithium chloride‑induced epilepsy was demonstrated to be increased compared with the control rats. Subsequently, results from an in vitro epilepsy model demonstrated that overexpression of miR‑128 promoted nerve cell apoptosis, increased the protein expression of tumor protein p53, BCL2 associated X (Bax) and Cytochrome c, and enhanced caspase‑3/9 activity, whereas it suppressed the protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). In addition, these alterations may be reversed by the downregulation of miR‑128. Furthermore, treatment with CAY10602, a SIRT1 agonist, reduced the effects of miR‑128 on nerve cells in vitro. Treatment with pifithrin‑β hydrobromide, a p53 inhibitor, was additionally able to mitigate the effects of miR‑128 in vitro. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that anti‑miR‑128 may exert neuroprotective effects in epilepsy, through the SIRT1/p53/Bax/Cytochrome c/caspase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Zhe Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Feng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
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27
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Marioni-Henry K, Zaho D, Amengual-Batle P, Rzechorzek NM, Clinton M. Expression of microRNAs in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with central nervous system disease. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:80. [PMID: 30563542 PMCID: PMC6299591 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this pilot study we investigated the expression of 14 microRNAs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs with neoplastic, inflammatory and degenerative disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS). CSF microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles were compared to those from dogs with neurological signs but no evidence of structural or inflammatory CNS disease. Seven miRNAs were easily detected in all samples: miR-10b-5p, miR-19b, miR-21-5p, miR-30b-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-124, and miR-128-3p. Expression of miR-10b-5p was significantly higher in the neoplastic group compared to other groups. There was no relation between miRNA expression and either CSF nucleated cell count or CSF protein content. Higher expression of miR-10b-5p in the neoplastic group is consistent with previous reports in human medicine where aberrant expression of miR-10b is associated with various neoplastic diseases of the CNS.
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28
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Chodkowska KA, Ciecierska A, Majchrzak K, Ostaszewski P, Sadkowski T. Simultaneous miRNA and mRNA Transcriptome Profiling of Differentiating Equine Satellite Cells Treated with Gamma-Oryzanol and Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121871. [PMID: 30513813 PMCID: PMC6316332 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-oryzanol (GO) is a popular supplement for performance horses, dogs, and humans. Previous studies indicated that GO supplementation decreases creatine kinase activity and lactate level after exercise and may affect oxidative stress in Thoroughbred horses. GO may change genes expression in equine satellite cells (ESC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of GO on miRNA, gene expression, oxidative stress, and cell damage and viability in differentiating ESC pretreated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ESCs were obtained from a young horse’s skeletal muscle. ESCs were pre-incubated with GO (24 h) and then exposed to H2O2 for one hour. For the microRNA and gene expression assessment, the microarray technique was used. Identified miRNAs and genes were validated using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Several tests related to cell viability, cell damage, and oxidative stress were performed. The microarray analysis revealed differences in 17 miRNAs and 202 genes between GO-treated and control ESC. The tests related to apoptosis, cell viability, and oxidative stress showed that GO affects these processes to varying degrees. Our results suggest that GO can change miRNA and gene expression and may impact the processes involved in tissue repairing after an injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A Chodkowska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Ciecierska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Ostaszewski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Sadkowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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29
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Rong X, Sun-Waterhouse D, Wang D, Jiang Y, Li F, Chen Y, Zhao S, Li D. The Significance of Regulatory MicroRNAs: Their Roles in Toxicodynamics of Mycotoxins and in the Protection Offered by Dietary Therapeutics Against Mycotoxin-Induced Toxicity. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:48-66. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Rong
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences; The Univ. of Auckland; Private Bag Auckland 92019 New Zealand
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
- Shandong Inst. of Pomology; Taian Shandong 271000 P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Yilun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Shancang Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety of Shandong Province; Jinan Shandong 250100 P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
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30
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Saboory E, Ghadimkhani M, Roshan-Milani S, Derafshpour L, Mohammadi S, Dindarian S, Mohammadi H. Effect of early-life inflammation and magnesium sulfate on hyperthermia-induced seizures in infant rats: Susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures later in life. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 61:96-106. [PMID: 30338516 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of inflammation and MgSO4 pretreatment on behaviors caused by hyperthermia (HT) and the effect of these interventions on PTZ-induced seizure a week later. In this experimental study, rat pups experienced inflammation on postnatal day 10 (P10). On P18-19, the pups received either saline or MgSO4 then subjected to hyperthermia. On P25-26, PTZ-induced seizure was initiated in the rats. Neonatal inflammation increased the susceptibility to HT-induced seizure. Inflammation and HT increased the susceptibility to PTZ-induced seizure. Pretreatment with MgSO4 before hyperthermia decreased the susceptibility to both HT- and PTZ-induced seizure. Furthermore, calcium and magnesium blood levels significantly decreased compared to control rats. It can be concluded that neonatal inflammation potentiates while pretreatment with MgSO4 attenuates HT-induced seizures. Also, neonatal inflammation and HT potentiate PTZ-induced seizure initiated one week later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Saboory
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghadimkhani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshan-Milani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Derafshpour
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sedra Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sina Dindarian
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hozan Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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31
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Mercado-Gómez OF, Córdova-Dávalos L, García-Betanzo D, Rocha L, Alonso-Vanegas MA, Cienfuegos J, Guevara-Guzmán R. Overexpression of inflammatory-related and nitric oxide synthase genes in olfactory bulbs from frontal lobe epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 2018; 148:37-43. [PMID: 30366204 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been shown to constitute a crucial mechanism in the pathophysiology of epileptic brain and several genes of inflammatory mediators have been detected in surgically resected hippocampus tissue but not in non-related seizure brain regions. Interestingly, it has been reported an olfactory dysfunction in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Our aim was to quantify the gene expression of inflammatory-related and nitric oxide synthase genes in olfactory bulbs (OB) tissue from FLE patients. RNA was isolated from OB resection of FLE patients and autopsy subjects without any neurological disease (n = 7, each). After cDNA synthesis, we performed qPCR for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB p65 (RELA), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4), its agonist high mobility group box 1 (HMGB 1) as well nitric oxide synthase isozymes (NOS 1, 2 and 3). We found a significant increase in gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα), TLR4 receptor and in its agonist HMGB1 and the downstream transcription factor NFκB p65. Moreover, we observed an increase of both NOS1 and NOS3 and a slightly increase of NOS2; however, it was not significant. Our study describes the overexpression of inflammatory-related genes and NOS isozymes in OB from FLE patients. Even though, the number of patients was limited, our findings could point out that neuroinflammation and nitrosative stress-related genes in the OB could be produced in general manner in all brain regions and thus contribute in part, to the olfactory dysfunction observed in FLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Fabián Mercado-Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Laura Córdova-Dávalos
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico; Departmento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 14330, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico; Sección de Neurocirugía, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", 14269, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Delfina García-Betanzo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Departmento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 14330, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Mario Arturo Alonso-Vanegas
- Sección de Neurocirugía, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", 14269, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Jesús Cienfuegos
- Sección de Neurocirugía, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", 14269, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico
| | - Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad deMéxico, Mexico.
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32
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Wang M, Chen Y. Inflammation: A Network in the Pathogenesis of Status Epilepticus. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:341. [PMID: 30344475 PMCID: PMC6182087 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is an abnormally prolonged or recurrent epileptic seizure that is a serious, life-threatening medical emergency. Notably, it requires prompt and aggressive treatment. SE is characterized by high mortality and morbidity. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Numerous studies of SE have reported widespread brain inflammation, suggesting that inflammation plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of SE. This mini review article reviews the current knowledge with regard to the role of inflammation in SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Wang L, Song LF, Chen XY, Ma YL, Suo JF, Shi JH, Chen GH. MiR-181b inhibits P38/JNK signaling pathway to attenuate autophagy and apoptosis in juvenile rats with kainic acid-induced epilepsy via targeting TLR4. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 25:112-122. [PMID: 29808547 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of miR-181b in alterations of apoptosis and autophagy in the kainic acid (KA)-induced epileptic juvenile rats via modulating TLR4 and P38/JNK signaling pathway. METHODS Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to testify the targeting relationship between miR-181b and TLR4. After intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v.) of KA, rats were injected with miR-181b agomir and TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242). The TLR-4 activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was also administered into rats immediately after injection with miR-181b agomir. Quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for detections of miR-181b and TLR4 expressions, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl staining for observation of the hippocampus morphological changes, and TUNEL staining for apoptosis analysis. Moreover, western blot was determined to detect TLR4 and P38/JNK pathway proteins, as well as autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins. RESULTS TLR4 was identified as a direct target of miR-181b using Dual-luciferase reporter assay. KA rats injected with miR-181b agomir or TAK-242 had improved learning and memory abilities, reduced seizure severity of Racine's scale, and lessened neuron injury. Additionally, miR-181b agomir or TAK-242 could significantly inhibit P38/JNK signaling, decrease LC3II/I, Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, Bax, and cleaved caspases-3, but increase p62 and Bcl-2 expression. No significances were found between KA group and KA + miR-181b + LPS group. CONCLUSION MiR-181b could inhibit P38/JNK signaling pathway via targeting TLR4, thereby exerting protective roles in attenuating autophagy and apoptosis of KA-induced epileptic juvenile rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Fang Song
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Li Ma
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Suo
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing-He Shi
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guo-Hong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital (Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
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Abed El-Gaphar OAM, Abo-Youssef AM, Halal GK. Levetiracetam mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced JAK2/STAT3 and TLR4/MAPK signaling pathways activation in a rat model of adjuvant- induced arthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 826:85-95. [PMID: 29501867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Levetiracetam (LEV), a novel anti-epileptic drug that has been demonstrated with an anti-inflammatory effect, but the exact mechanisms of its action remain to be fully defined. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of LEV on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) as well as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways activation in adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA). Rats were allocated into normal control, three arthritic control groups: Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) (0.4 ml/3days/12days), LPS (100 µg/kg/day), CFA+LPS, and three treated groups: CFA+LEV, LPS+LEV and CFA+LPS+LEV. LEV was administered in a dose 50 mg/kg/day for 15 day. After 28 days, tissue samples were collected for assessment of phosphorylated JAK2, STAT3, TLR4, MAPK and cathepsin K quantitative expression in synovium. Additionally, Serum samples were used for biochemical evaluation of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1B), LPS, anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Histopathological and macroscopical examinations of joints were also performed to support our study. Results indicated that LEV exerted its anti-inflammatory effect through inhibiting LPS-dependent phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. It significantly suppressed TLR4 and MAPK expressions, thereby decreasing release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6.LEV exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on cathepsin K and 8-OHdG parallel to confirmatory histopathological and macroscopical findings. In conclusion, LEV has a powerful therapeutic effect on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats and its mechanisms are strongly related to inhibiting excessive activation of JAK2-STAT3 and TLR4 pathways. This may add a new approach for treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Gouda Kamel Halal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Negative feedback between TAp63 and Mir-133b mediates colorectal cancer suppression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87147-87160. [PMID: 27894087 PMCID: PMC5349978 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TAp63 is known as the most potent transcription activator and tumor suppressor. microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as essential components of the p63 pathway, mediating downstream post-transcriptional gene repression. The aim of present study was to investigate a negative feedback loop between TAp63 and miR-133b. Results Overexpression of TAp63 inhibited HCT-116 cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion via miR-133b. Accordingly, miR-133b inhibited TAp63 expression through RhoA and its downstream pathways. Moreover, we demonstrated that TAp63/miR-133b could inhibit colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis in vivo and vitro. Materials and Methods We evaluated the correlation between TAp63 and miR-133b in HCT-116 cells and investigated the roles of the TAp63/miR-133b feedback loop in cell proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis via MTT, flow cytometry, Transwell, and nude mouse xenograft experiments. The expression of TAp63, miR-133b, RhoA, α-tubulin and Akt was assessed via qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. miR-133b target genes were identified through luciferase reporter assays. Conclusions miR-133b plays an important role in the anti-tumor effects of TAp63 in colorectal cancer. miR-133b may represent a tiemolecule between TAp63 and RhoA, forming a TAp63/miR-133b/RhoA negative feedback loop, which could significantly inhibit proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis.
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Zhao H, Lin Y, Chen S, Li X, Huo H. 5-HT3 Receptors: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:29-36. [PMID: 28486926 PMCID: PMC5771379 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170508170412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a syndrome of brain dysfunction caused by spontaneous, abnormal discharge. Many anti-epileptic drugs have developed in past decades. 5-HT is an important neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous system of the human body which is involved in a number of physiological activities, such as sensation, movement, and behavior. 5-HT subtype have been divided into seven sub-groups from 5-HT1 to 5HT7. However, the role of 5-HT3 receptor on epilepsy is unclear. Therefore, in this article, the possible role of 5-HT3 receptor on epilepsy was systemically reviewed. METHODS Data were collected from Web of Science, Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, through searching of these keywords: "5-HT3" and "epilepsy". RESULTS An increasing number of studies have shown that the activation of the 5-HT3 receptor can inhibit epileptic seizures, while inhibition of the 5-HT3 receptor can promote spike waves. CONCLUSION In this review, we discuss the relationship between the 5HT3 receptor and epilepsy; this review may provide a new insight for clinical application of epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130041, P.R. China
- School of Life Science Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin130024, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130041, P.R. China
| | - Shurui Chen
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130041, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Huo
- School of Life Science Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin130024, P.R. China
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Tiwari D, Peariso K, Gross C. MicroRNA-induced silencing in epilepsy: Opportunities and challenges for clinical application. Dev Dyn 2018; 247:94-110. [PMID: 28850760 PMCID: PMC5740004 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are master regulators of gene expression. Single microRNAs influence multiple proteins within diverse molecular pathways and networks. Therefore, changes in levels or activity of microRNAs can have profound effects on cellular function. This makes dysregulated microRNA-induced silencing an attractive potential disease mechanism in complex disorders like epilepsy, where numerous cellular pathways and processes are affected simultaneously. Indeed, several years of research in rodent models have provided strong evidence that acute or recurrent seizures change microRNA expression and function. Moreover, altered microRNA expression has been observed in brain and blood from patients with various epilepsy disorders, such as tuberous sclerosis. MicroRNAs can be easily manipulated using sense or antisense oligonucleotides, opening up opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize studies using these techniques to identify microRNAs that modulate seizure susceptibility, describe protein targets mediating some of these effects, and discuss cellular pathways, for example neuroinflammation, that are controlled by epilepsy-associated microRNAs. We critically assess current gaps in knowledge regarding target- and cell-specificity of microRNAs that have to be addressed before clinical application as therapeutic targets or biomarkers. The recent progress in understanding microRNA function in epilepsy has generated strong momentum to encourage in-depth mechanistic studies to develop microRNA-targeted therapies. Developmental Dynamics 247:94-110, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Tiwari
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Katrina Peariso
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christina Gross
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Yao Y, Yang Y, He X, Wang X. miR-16-1 expression, heat shock protein 70 and inflammatory reactions in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:495-498. [PMID: 28672958 PMCID: PMC5488623 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of miR-16-1 expression and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inflammatory reaction mechanism in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection were studied. Six-to-eight-week-old healthy male C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine (320-340 mg/kg, 40 mg/ml) to induce status epilepsy. After 7 days, mice were inoculated with 100 µl Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) in the neck, including 6.25×23 PFU Japanese encephalitis virus P3 wild strain. The experiment was divided into 4 groups, including, the healthy control group, the epilepsy model group, the model group + negative inoculation group and the virus infection group with 10 mice in each group. The healthy control group received intraperitoneal injection of the same amount of normal saline; the model group + negative inoculation group was injected with the same amount of DMEM without P3. One and three days after infection, 5 mice from each group were sacrificed, hippocampus tissues were obtained and astrocytes were isolated. After purification, glial fibrillary acidic protein was identified by immunohistochemical staining. Infected glial cells were detected by P3 antigen of immunofluorescence staining. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of miR-16-1 mRNA in astrocytes. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of HSP70. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory factors in tail vein blood. Level of expression of miR-16-1 mRNA, HSP70 as well as IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB inflammatory factor levels of virus infected mice of 1 and 3 days were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of model group and negative inoculation group and lowest in control group. In conclusion, the level of expression of miR-16-1 and HSP70 can be increased by the infection of Japanese encephalitis virus on the astrocytes of mice with epilepsy, to promote the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xuehua He
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Upregulation of breast cancer resistance protein and major vault protein in drug resistant epilepsy. Seizure 2017; 47:9-12. [PMID: 28273590 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Identifying factors involved in the development of drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) remains a challenge. Candidate gene studies have shown modulation of resistance to drugs by various multidrug resistance proteins in DRE. However the resistance to drugs in DRE could be more complex and multifactorial involving molecules in different pharmacokinetic processes. In this study for the first time we have analyzed the relative expression of four molecules with different drug resistance mechanisms in two most common DRE pathologies, mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) with respect to each other and also with different non-epileptic controls. METHODS Brain tissues resected from MTLE (n=16) and FCD type I and II (n=12) patients who had undergone surgery were analysed for mRNA levels of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1(MRP1), major vault protein (MVP), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and one drug metabolising enzyme (UGT1A4) as compared to non-epileptic controls which were tissues resected from tumor periphery (n=6) and autopsy tissues (n=4) by quantitative PCR. RESULTS We found significant upregulation of MVP and BCRP whereas MRP1 and UGT1A4 were unaltered in both pathologies. While upregulation of BCRP was significantly higher in MTLE (9.34±0.45; p<0.05), upregulation of MVP was significantly higher in FCD (2.94±0.65; p<0.01). CONCLUSION We propose that upregulation of BCRP and MVP is associated with MTLE and FCD and these molecules not only may have the potential to predict pathology specific phenotypes but may also have therapeutic potential as adjunct treatment in these pathologies.
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