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Sävilammi T, Alakangas RR, Häyrynen T, Uusi-Heikkilä S. Gut Microbiota Profiling as a Promising Tool to Detect Equine Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2396. [PMID: 39199930 PMCID: PMC11350833 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal disorders are common and debilitating in horses, but their diagnosis is often difficult and invasive. Fecal samples offer a non-invasive alternative to assessing the gastrointestinal health of horses by providing information about the gut microbiota and inflammation. In this study, we used 16S sequencing to compare the fecal bacterial diversity and composition of 27 healthy horses and 49 horses diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We also measured fecal calprotectin concentration, a marker of intestinal inflammation, in healthy horses and horses with IBD. We found that microbiota composition differed between healthy horses and horses with IBD, although less than five percent of the variation in microbiota composition was explained by individual health status and age. Several differentially abundant bacterial taxa associated with IBD, age, or body condition were depleted from the most dominant Firmicutes phylum and enriched with the Bacteroidota phylum. An artificial neural network model predicted the probability of IBD among the test samples with 100% accuracy. Our study is the first to demonstrate the association between gut microbiota composition and chronic forms of IBD in horses and highlights the potential of using fecal samples as a non-invasive source of biomarkers for equine IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Sävilammi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Rinna-Riikka Alakangas
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
| | - Tuomas Häyrynen
- Laukaa Horse Hospital, Ravitie 4, 41330 Vihtavuori, Finland;
| | - Silva Uusi-Heikkilä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
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Morgan K, Morris J, Cai Q, Kilgore P, Cvek U, Trutschl M, Lofton KT, Mavuram MS, Ramesh P, Dao N, Alhaque A, Alexander JS. STABILITY (Symptomatic Review during Biologic Therapy) of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Receiving Infusion Therapy Improves Clinical Outcomes. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:398-407. [PMID: 39189166 PMCID: PMC11348379 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have correlate improved patient outcomes with increased physician-patient contacts, particularly in chronic diseases. Extending this approach to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care presents a promising means of improving outcomes. At LSU Health Shreveport (LSUHS), a new approach called "STABILITY" (Symptomatic Review during Biologic Therapy) was implemented during infusion therapy visits for IBD patients. These brief 15 min physician-patient interviews aimed to discuss the patients' current IBD-related symptoms and evaluate the need for any changes in their treatment plan. Our goal was to remove a care gap and prevent intensifying symptoms created by missed appointments and loss of contact. To analyze the effectiveness of the STABILITY approach, a retrospective chart review was conducted on 111 IBD patients (18 with ulcerative colitis, 93 with Crohn's disease) seen at LSUHS between 2011 and 2022. Since March 2019, STABILITY has been mandatory for all infusion therapy visits. The data collected included patients' demographics, lab levels for biomarkers (fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rates), hospitalizations, medication changes, and diagnosis dates before and after the implementation of STABILITY. Additionally, voluntary, anonymous infusion patient satisfaction surveys post-STABILITY were used to gather patient responses. In males with IBD, disease severity and hospitalizations were reduced significantly (p = 0.004 and 0.0234, respectively). In females with IBD, disease severity and hospitalizations were also reduced significantly (p = 0.0001 and 0.0072, respectively). In patients with UC and CD, there were significant improvements in disease severity (p = 0.043 and p = 0.0001, respectively), and CD hospitalizations were also improved (p = 0.0013). In males and females with UC, disease severity was marginally and significantly reduced (p = 0.0781 and p = 0.0379, respectively). In males and females with CD, disease severity was significantly reduced (p = 0.0161 and 0.0003, respectively), and CD male and female hospitalizations were also reduced significantly (p = 0.0436 and 0.013). Analyzing of survey responses, we found that the most patients reported improved IBD symptoms (56%), gained understanding of their condition (84%) and were in favor of continuing STABILITY consultations during infusion therapy (93%). To further investigate the impact of STABILITY, we conducted a comparative analysis between IBD patients undergoing STABILITY infusion therapy and LSUHS patients solely on self-injectable biologics. Our paired data analysis showed significant improvements in disease severity in female IBD patients (1.69 ± 0.13 vs. 1.41 ± 0.12, p = 0.0001) and male IBD patients (1.58 ± 0.16 vs. 1.2 ± 0.135, p = 0.004), in UC patients (1.833 ± 0.4.2 vs. 1.444, p = 0.043), in all CD patients (1.59 ± 0.11 vs. 1.29 ± 0.01, p = 0.0001), in male CD patients (1.52 ± 0.167 vs. 1.15 ± 0.15, p = 0.016), in female CD patients (1.66 ± 0.15 vs. 1.4 ± 0.13, p = 0.0003), in female UC patients (1.82 ± 0.32 vs. 1.45 ± 0.31, p = 0.0379), and marginally in male UC patients (p = 0.0781). Similarly, hospitalizations were significantly reduced in CD patients considered in aggregate (0.21 ± 0.04 vs. 0.11 ± 0.03, p = 0.0013), in male IBD patients (0.175 ± 0.06 vs. 0.05 ± 0.035, p = 0.024), in female IBD patients (0.21 ± 0.05 vs. 0.11 ± 0.04, p = 0.0072), in male CD patients (0.18 ± 0.07 vs. 0.06 ± 0.042, p = 0.0436), and in females with CD (0.23 ± 0.06 vs. 0.13 ± 0.04, p = 0.013). Although average values for fecal calprotectin, CRP, and sedimentation rate were frequently reduced after STABILITY interviews, these data did not reach statistical significance. These preliminary findings suggest that STABILITY may be effective in maintaining low disease activity or remission in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Morgan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (K.M.); (J.M.); (Q.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - James Morris
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (K.M.); (J.M.); (Q.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Qiang Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (K.M.); (J.M.); (Q.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Phillip Kilgore
- Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (P.K.); (U.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Urska Cvek
- Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (P.K.); (U.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Marjan Trutschl
- Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (P.K.); (U.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Katelynn T. Lofton
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA (P.R.)
| | - Meher Sindhoora Mavuram
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (K.M.); (J.M.); (Q.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Prerana Ramesh
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA (P.R.)
| | - Nhi Dao
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA (P.R.)
| | - Ahmed Alhaque
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA (P.R.)
| | - Jonathan Steven Alexander
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA (P.R.)
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Blüthner E, Dehe A, Büning C, Siegmund B, Prager M, Maul J, Krannich A, Preiß J, Wiedenmann B, Rieder F, Khedraki R, Tacke F, Sturm A, Schirbel A. Diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel diseases in a German population. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3465-3478. [PMID: 39156497 PMCID: PMC11326085 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i29.3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis is key to prevent bowel damage in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Risk factor analyses linked with delayed diagnosis in European IBD patients are scarce and no data in German IBD patients exists. AIM To identify risk factors leading to prolonged diagnostic time in a German IBD cohort. METHODS Between 2012 and 2022, 430 IBD patients from four Berlin hospitals were enrolled in a prospective study and asked to complete a 16-item questionnaire to determine features of the path leading to IBD diagnosis. Total diagnostic time was defined as the time from symptom onset to consulting a physician (patient waiting time) and from first consultation to IBD diagnosis (physician diagnostic time). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for each time period. RESULTS The total diagnostic time was significantly longer in Crohn's disease (CD) compared to ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (12.0 vs 4.0 mo; P < 0.001), mainly due to increased physician diagnostic time (5.5 vs 1.0 mo; P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, the predominant symptoms diarrhea (P = 0.012) and skin lesions (P = 0.028) as well as performed gastroscopy (P = 0.042) were associated with longer physician diagnostic time in CD patients. In UC, fever was correlated (P = 0.020) with shorter physician diagnostic time, while fatigue (P = 0.011) and positive family history (P = 0.046) were correlated with longer physician diagnostic time. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that CD patients compared to UC are at risk of long diagnostic delay. Future efforts should focus on shortening the diagnostic delay for a better outcome in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Blüthner
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Annalena Dehe
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin 10249, Germany
| | - Carsten Büning
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Waldfriede, Berlin 14163, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Matthias Prager
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Praxis für Gastroenterologie Berlin Zehlendorf, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Jochen Maul
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Gastroenterologie am Bayrischen Platz, Berlin 10825, Germany
| | - Alexander Krannich
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Clinical Trial Office, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Jan Preiß
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Diabetology and Hepatology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Bertram Wiedenmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Raneem Khedraki
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Andreas Sturm
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin 14050, Germany
| | - Anja Schirbel
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Gastroenterologie im Havelland, Straße der Einheit, Falkensee 14612, Germany
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Isobe K, Saida S, Honda Y, Nihira H, Hiejima E, Izawa K, Kubota H, Kato I, Umeda K, Hiramatsu H, Yasumi T, Takita J. Successful cord blood transplantation using reduced intensity conditioning in a 5-month-old patient with IL-10RA deficiency. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31056. [PMID: 38721857 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saida
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nihira
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eitaro Hiejima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazushi Izawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Mickiewicz-Góra D, Sznurkowska K, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Drozd A, Borkowska A, Zagierski M, Troch J, Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz A. Markers of Intestinal Permeability and Inflammation in Enterally Fed Children with Cerebral Palsy. Nutrients 2024; 16:2447. [PMID: 39125328 PMCID: PMC11314602 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) results in non-progressive damage to the central nervous system, leading to functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and requiring enteral nutrition via gastrostomy in some patients. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of enteral nutrition on intestinal inflammation expressed by stool calprotectin and intestinal permeability determined by fecal zonulin and IFABP, and to determine whether CP affects these parameters. The study group consisted of 30 children with CP, fed enterally (Cerebral Palsy Enteral Nutrition-CPEN), and two reference groups: 24 children with CP, fed orally with a standard diet (CPC-Cerebral Palsy Controls) and 24 healthy children (HC-healthy controls). The differences between these groups and between the combined CP groups (CPG and CPEN + CPC) and HC were analyzed. Fecal zonulin, calprotectin, and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (IFABP2) levels were determined by ELISA. The concentrations of fecal calprotectin and zonulin were significantly higher in the CPEN group than in the CPC group (p = 0.012, p = 0.025). When comparing the CPG (n = 53) with the HC group (n = 24), statistically significant differences were observed for calprotectin (p = 0.000018, higher in the CPG) and IFABP (p = 0.021, higher in HC). Enteral nutrition was associated in our cohort with increased fecal calprotectin and zonulin. Children with cerebral palsy presented with increased fecal calprotectin but not increased intestinal permeability expressed by stool zonulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Mickiewicz-Góra
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Katarzyna Sznurkowska
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
| | | | - Arleta Drozd
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Maciej Zagierski
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Joanna Troch
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland; (A.B.); (M.Z.); (J.T.); (A.S.-S.)
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Wang F, Gao S, Peng Q, Tan L, Chen S, Xia Z. Effects of Heat-Treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7384 Combined with Fibersol-2 on the Intestinal Health of Cats Submitted to an Abrupt Dietary Change: A Randomized Controlled Study. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2179. [PMID: 39123705 PMCID: PMC11311022 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abrupt dietary change can disrupt the intestinal balance in felines. This study aimed to assess the impact of heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7384 combined with Fibersol-2 on the intestinal health of adult cats before and after dietary change. We selected 24 British shorthair cats, dividing them into two groups. From day 1 to day 14, the control group received a lower protein (33%) concentration (LPF) diet, while the treated group received the same LPF diet supplemented with 0.16% functional additives, consisting of Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7384 combined with Fibersol-2. Subsequently, from day 15 to day 28, the control group transitioned to a higher protein (40%) concentration (HPF) diet, while the treated group received the same HPF diet supplemented with 0.16% functional additives. Blood and fresh feces were collected on day 0, 14, 17, 21, and 28 of the experiment. The results suggest that the use of heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7384 combined with Fibersol-2 may improve gastrointestinal function in cats by reducing serum LPS levels and fecal pH, while increasing fecal sIgA levels. In addition, the functional additive regulates the fecal microbiota and its function, promoting intestinal homeostasis and colonization with beneficial bacteria such as Blautia. Furthermore, on day 28, there was a significant difference in fecal microbiota beta diversity between the two groups. In summary, the addition of heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7384 combined with Fibersol-2 contributes to improving the intestinal health of adult cats affected by abrupt dietary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Siyuan Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Qianqian Peng
- ADM (Shanghai) Management Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China; (Q.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Lili Tan
- ADM (Shanghai) Management Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China; (Q.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Siyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Zhaofei Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.W.); (S.G.)
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Motawi TK, Shaker OG, Amr G, Senousy MA. RNA methylation machinery and m 6A target genes as circulating biomarkers of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: Correlation with disease activity, location, and inflammatory cytokines. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119831. [PMID: 38925436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), the main subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has been challenging due to the constraints of the current techniques. N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) regulators have evolved as key players in IBD pathogenesis; however, their relation to its clinical setting is largely unexplored. This study investigated the potential of selected RNA methylation machinery and m6A target genes as serum biomarkers of UC and CD, their predictive and discriminating capabilities, and their correlations with laboratory data, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon-γ, disease activity scores, and pathological features. Fifty UC and 45 CD patients, along with 30 healthy volunteers were enlisted. The mRNA expression levels of the m6A writers methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and Wilms-tumor associated protein (WTAP), and the reader YTH domain family, member 1 (YTHDF1), along with the m6A candidate genes sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 (UBE2L3) were upregulated in UC patients, whereas only METTL3, HK2, and UBE2L3 were upregulated in CD patients versus controls. Serum WTAP (AUC = 0.94, 95 %CI = 0.874-1.006) and HK2 (AUC = 0.911, 95 %CI = 0.843-0.980) expression levels showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for UC, METTL3 showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for CD (AUC = 0.91, 95 %CI = 0.828-0.992), meanwhile, WTAP showed excellent discriminative power between the two diseases (AUC = 0.91, 95 %CI = 0.849-0.979). Multivariate logistic analysis unveiled the association of METTL3 and UBE2L3 expression with the risk of CD and UC diagnosis, respectively, controlled by age and sex as confounders. Remarkable correlations were recorded between the gene expression of studied m6A regulators and targets in both diseases. Among UC patients, serum METTL3 and WTAP were correlated with UC extent/type, while WTAP was correlated with IL-6. Among CD patients, serum METTL3 and HK2 were correlated with CD activity index (CDAI) and CD location. In conclusion, m6A regulators and target genes are distinctly expressed in UC and CD clinical samples, correlate with disease activity and extent/location, and could serve as a novel approach to empower the diagnosis and stratification of IBD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek K Motawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Olfat G Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Amr
- General Administration of Blood Banks, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Senousy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
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8
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Michaelis S, Hochfellner A, Schneider C, Schnedl WJ, Baranyi A, Enko D. Performance evaluation of a smartphone-based home test for fecal calprotection. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0422. [PMID: 38986473 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fecal calprotectin (FC) serves as a non-invasive marker for the assessment of gut inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Laboratory measurements are usually performed with immunologic methods like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Recently, quantitative home tests based on the lateral flow technology with smartphones as read-out devices have been developed. We compared the quantitative and qualitative performance of the quantitative lateral flow home test Preventis SmarTest® Calprotectin Home and the immunological test used in our laboratory (Eurospital Calprest® Turbo). METHODS Fourty-five routine samples were analyzed in parallel with both tests according to the manufacturer's instructions. The read-out of the home test was performed with two smartphones (Apple iPhone 14 Pro and Samsung Galaxy XCover 5). The qualitative interpretation (positive, negative, borderline) was conducted using the cut-offs provided by the manufacturers. RESULTS Statistically significant correlations with the laboratory standard method were observed for both smartphones (Spearman's rho 0.703 and 0.715, all p<0.005). The home test showed systematically higher concentrations compared to the routine assay. We found minimal qualitative agreement between the two tests (Cohen's kappas (κ)=0.323 and 0.300; p=0.003 and 0.005) showing a lower rate of positives with the home test. Both used smartphones showed good quantitative and qualitative agreement. CONCLUSIONS The tests are quantitatively not interchangeable. However, the home test may be applicable for the serial follow-up management of patients with IBD. The higher rate of samples classified as negative with the home test may lead to an underestimation of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Michaelis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | - Anna Hochfellner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | - Christopher Schneider
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Baranyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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9
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Bosselaar S, Dhelin L, Dautel E, Titecat M, Duthoy S, Stelmaszczyk M, Delory N, De Sousa Violante M, Machuron F, Ait-Abderrahim H, Desreumaux P, Foligné B, Monnet C. Taxonomic and phenotypic analysis of bifidobacteria isolated from IBD patients as potential probiotic strains. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:233. [PMID: 38951788 PMCID: PMC11218132 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are a major public health issue with unclear aetiology. Changes in the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota are associated with these pathologies, including the depletion of strict anaerobes such as Feacalibacterium prausnitzii. Less evidence is observed for depletion in other anaerobes, among which bifidobacteria. This study characterized the taxonomic and functional diversity of bifidobacteria isolated from the human intestinal microbiota in active and non-active IBD patients by a culturomics approach and evaluated if these bifidobacteria might be used as probiotics for gut health. RESULTS A total of 341 bifidobacteria were isolated from the intestinal microbiota of IBD patients (52 Crohn's disease and 26 ulcerative colitis patients), with a high proportion of Bifidobacterium dentium strains (28% of isolated bifidobacteria). In ulcerative colitis, the major species identified was B. dentium (39% of isolated bifidobacteria), in active and non-active ulcerative colitis. In Crohn's disease, B. adolescentis was the major species isolated from non-active patients (40%), while similar amounts of B. dentium and B. adolescentis were found in active Crohn's disease patients. The relative abundance of B. dentium was increased with age, both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and active and non-active IBD patients. Antibacterial capacities of bifidobacteria isolated from non-active ulcerative colitis against Escherichia coli LF82 and Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 were observed more often compared to strains isolated from active ulcerative colitis. Finally, B. longum were retained as strains with the highest probiotic potential as they were the major strains presenting exopolysaccharide synthesis, antibacterial activity, and anti-inflammatory capacities. Antimicrobial activity and EPS synthesis were further correlated to the presence of antimicrobial and EPS gene clusters by in silico analysis. CONCLUSIONS Different bifidobacterial taxonomic profiles were identified in the microbiota of IBD patients. The most abundant species were B. dentium, mainly associated to the microbiota of ulcerative colitis patients and B. adolescentis, in the intestinal microbiota of Crohn's disease patients. Additionally, the relative abundance of B. dentium significantly increased with age. Furthermore, this study evidenced that bifidobacteria with probiotic potential (antipathogenic activity, exopolysaccharide production and anti-inflammatory activity), especially B. longum strains, can be isolated from the intestinal microbiota of both active and non-active Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Bosselaar
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France.
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Lucile Dhelin
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Ellena Dautel
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Marie Titecat
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Duthoy
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Marie Stelmaszczyk
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Nathan Delory
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Madeleine De Sousa Violante
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - François Machuron
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Hassina Ait-Abderrahim
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Pierre Desreumaux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000, Lille, France
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Lille University Hospital, 59037, Lille, France
| | - Benoit Foligné
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Céline Monnet
- Lesaffre International - Lesaffre Institute of Science and Technology, 101 Rue de Menin, 59706, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
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10
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Diez-Martin E, Hernandez-Suarez L, Muñoz-Villafranca C, Martin-Souto L, Astigarraga E, Ramirez-Garcia A, Barreda-Gómez G. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Bases, Predictive Biomarkers, Diagnostic Methods, and Therapeutic Options. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7062. [PMID: 39000169 PMCID: PMC11241012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the immune system relentlessly attacks intestinal cells, causing recurrent tissue damage over the lifetime of patients. The etiology of IBD is complex and multifactorial, involving environmental, microbiota, genetic, and immunological factors that alter the molecular basis of the organism. Among these, the microbiota and immune cells play pivotal roles; the microbiota generates antigens recognized by immune cells and antibodies, while autoantibodies target and attack the intestinal membrane, exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage. Given the altered molecular framework, the analysis of multiple molecular biomarkers in patients proves exceedingly valuable for diagnosing and prognosing IBD, including markers like C reactive protein and fecal calprotectin. Upon detection and classification of patients, specific treatments are administered, ranging from conventional drugs to new biological therapies, such as antibodies to neutralize inflammatory molecules like tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and integrin. This review delves into the molecular basis and targets, biomarkers, treatment options, monitoring techniques, and, ultimately, current challenges in IBD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eguzkiñe Diez-Martin
- Research and Development Department, IMG Pharma Biotech S.L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Leidi Hernandez-Suarez
- Research and Development Department, IMG Pharma Biotech S.L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Villafranca
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Basurto, Avda Montevideo 18, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Leire Martin-Souto
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Egoitz Astigarraga
- Research and Development Department, IMG Pharma Biotech S.L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
| | - Andoni Ramirez-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
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11
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Rajkovaca Latic I, Popovic Z, Mijatovic K, Sahinovic I, Pekic V, Vucic D, Cosic V, Miskic B, Tomic S. Association of intestinal inflammation and permeability markers with clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 123:106948. [PMID: 38554664 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis can stimulate degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and development of Parkinson's disease (PD) via the gut-brain axis in certain patients. METHODS In a case-control study, fecal markers of intestinal inflammation and permeability were measured using the ELISA method in PD patients and healthy controls. Motor and nonmotor symptoms were assessed using the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) Unified PD Rating Scale, Hoehn & Yahr scale, MDS Non-Motor Symptom Scale, Scales for Outcomes in PD - Autonomic Dysfunction, PD Sleep Scale - 2, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. A correlation was established between the intestinal inflammation and permeability markers and PD symptoms. RESULTS Higher levels of beta-defensin 2, zonulin and lactoferrin were recorded in PD patients compared to controls. Calprotectin and secretory immunoglobulin A showed no significant differences. Regression analysis indicated the roles of beta-defensin 2 and lactoferrin in predicting PD likelihood. Calprotectin yielded positive correlations with disease duration, depression, motor fluctuations, and gastrointestinal symptoms; beta defensin 2 with thermoregulation; and secretory immunoglobulin A with depression. Secretory immunoglobulin A showed negative correlation with age and age at disease onset, while zonulin showed negative correlation with the MDS Unified PD Rating Scale total score. CONCLUSIONS Fecal markers differed in PD patients compared to controls and correlated with age, disease duration, and some nonmotor symptoms. Future studies should identify the subgroups of PD patients that are likely to develop intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Rajkovaca Latic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Dr.Josip Bencevic General Hospital, Andrije Stampara 42, 35 000, Slavonski Brod, Croatia.
| | - Zvonimir Popovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Neurology, Osijek University Hospital Center, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Katica Mijatovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Nucelar Medicine, Osijek University Hospital Center, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Sahinovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital Center, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vlasta Pekic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Neurology, Osijek University Hospital Center, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia; Department of Cardiology, Dr.Josip Bencevic General Hospital, Andrije Stampara 42, 35 000, Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Vesna Cosic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Blazenka Miskic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Dr.Josip Bencevic General Hospital, Andrije Stampara 42, 35 000, Slavonski Brod, Croatia; Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Svetlana Tomic
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Neurology, Osijek University Hospital Center, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000, Osijek, Croatia
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12
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Saviano A, Migneco A, Brigida M, Petruzziello C, Zanza C, Savioli G, Franceschi F, Ojetti V. Serum Calprotectin in the Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Diseases: An Ace up Your Sleeve? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:762. [PMID: 38792945 PMCID: PMC11123171 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background: Calprotectin (CP) is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein that plays a key role in innate immunity and in the recruitment of inflammatory cells. CP can be detected both in serum and in fecal samples. Serum CP (sCP) is more specific for autoimmune diseases, while fecal CP (fCP) has been well investigated for gastrointestinal diseases. Few studies have shown the clinical effectiveness of sCP as an acute-phase biomarker for gastrointestinal diseases. Aim: The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the role of sCP as a useful alternative biomarker of the acute-phase activity of gastrointestinal diseases and as a possible tool for screening and monitoring these diseases. Material and Methods: We searched original articles, abstracts, reviews, case reports, and clinical trials on PubMed®, Up-to-Date®, and Medscape® in the last ten years. Conclusion: We found that sCP could represent a useful biomarker in the evaluation of the inflammatory stage in patients with immune-mediated gastrointestinal diseases, but more studies are needed to promote its routine use in clinical practice as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as a replacement for fCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Saviano
- Emergency Department, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (F.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Migneco
- Emergency Department, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (F.F.)
| | - Mattia Brigida
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Petruzziello
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, GVM Care and Research, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Christian Zanza
- Geriatric Medicine Residency Program, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Savioli
- Emergency Medicine and Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Emergency Department, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (F.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, GVM Care and Research, 00165 Rome, Italy;
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13
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Long C, Zhou X, Xia F, Zhou B. Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Assessment, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Considerations. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:243. [PMID: 38666855 PMCID: PMC11048184 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of metabolic stress liver injury closely related to insulin resistance (IR) and genetic susceptibility without alcohol consumption, which encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from simple hepatic lipid accumulation, known as steatosis, to the more severe form of steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), posing significant health risks. As a multisystem disease, NAFLD is closely associated with systemic insulin resistance, central obesity, and metabolic disorders, which contribute to its pathogenesis and the development of extrahepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and certain extrahepatic cancers. Recent evidence highlights the indispensable roles of intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota in the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the role of intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota in NAFLD, including intestinal barrier function and assessment, inflammatory factors, TLR4 signaling, and the gut-liver axis. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on the potential therapeutic strategies targeting gut permeability and gut microbiota in individuals with NAFLD/NASH, such as interventions with medications/probiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT), and modifications in lifestyle, including exercise and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Long
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sehenzhen 518107, China;
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sehenzhen 518107, China;
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Benjie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sehenzhen 518107, China;
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen 518107, China
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14
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Rim S, Vedøy OB, Brønstad I, McCann A, Meyer K, Steinsland H, Hanevik K. Inflammation, the kynurenines, and mucosal injury during human experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection. Med Microbiol Immunol 2024; 213:2. [PMID: 38430452 PMCID: PMC10908629 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-024-00786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrhea in children and travelers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. ETEC is a non-invasive gut pathogen colonizing the small intestinal wall before secreting diarrhea-inducing enterotoxins. We sought to investigate the impact of ETEC infection on local and systemic host defenses by examining plasma markers of inflammation and mucosal injury as well as kynurenine pathway metabolites. Plasma samples from 21 volunteers experimentally infected with ETEC were collected before and 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after ingesting the ETEC dose, and grouped based on the level of intestinal ETEC proliferation: 14 volunteers experienced substantial proliferation (SP) and 7 had low proliferation (LP). Plasma markers of inflammation, kynurenine pathway metabolites, and related cofactors (vitamins B2 and B6) were quantified using targeted mass spectrometry, whereas ELISA was used to quantify the mucosal injury markers, regenerating islet-derived protein 3A (Reg3a), and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (iFABP). We observed increased concentrations of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), neopterin, kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR), and Reg3a in the SP group following dose ingestion. Vitamin B6 forms, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and pyridoxal, decreased over time in the SP group. CRP, SAA, and pyridoxic acid ratio correlated with ETEC proliferation levels. The changes following experimental ETEC infection indicate that ETEC, despite causing a non-invasive infection, induces systemic inflammation and mucosal injury when proliferating substantially, even in cases without diarrhea. It is conceivable that ETEC infections, especially when repeated, contribute to negative health impacts on children in ETEC endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehee Rim
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Oda Barth Vedøy
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Brønstad
- National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Hans Steinsland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Intervention Science in Maternal and Child Health, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kurt Hanevik
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, National Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Xia P, Ji X, Yan L, Lian S, Chen Z, Luo Y. Roles of S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 in infection, inflammation and immunity. Immunology 2024; 171:365-376. [PMID: 38013255 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
S100 proteins are small proteins that are only expressed in vertebrates. They are widely expressed in many different cell types and are involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and tumorigenesis. As members of the S100 protein subfamily of myeloid-related proteins, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 play a crucial role in resisting microbial infection and maintaining immune homeostasis. These proteins chelate the necessary metal nutrients of pathogens invading the host by means of 'nutritional immunity' and directly inhibit the growth of pathogens in the host. They interact with receptors on the cell surface to initiate inflammatory signal transduction, induce cytokine expression and participate in the inflammatory response and immune regulation. Furthermore, the increased content of these proteins during the pathological process makes them useful as disease markers for screening and detecting related diseases. This article summarizes the structure and function of the proteins S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 and lays the foundation for further understanding their roles in infection, immunity and inflammation, as well as their potential applications in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xingduo Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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16
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Maroudias G, Vrachnis D, Fotiou A, Loukas N, Mantzou A, Pergialiotis V, Valsamakis G, Machairiotis N, Stavros S, Panagopoulos P, Vakas P, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Drakakis P, Vrachnis N. Measurement of Calprotectin and PTH in the Amniotic Fluid of Early Second Trimester Pregnancies and Their Impact on Fetuses with Growth Disorders: Are Their Levels Related to Oxidative Stress? J Clin Med 2024; 13:855. [PMID: 38337548 PMCID: PMC10856459 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: During the early stages of human fetal development, the fetal skeleton system is chiefly made up of cartilage, which is gradually replaced by bone. Fetal bone development is mainly regulated by the parathyroid hormone parathormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein, with specific calprotectin playing a substantial role in cell adhesion and chemotaxis while exhibiting antimicrobial activity during the inflammatory osteogenesis process. The aim of our study was to measure the levels of PTH and calprotectin in early second trimester amniotic fluid and to carry out a comparison between the levels observed among normal full-term pregnancies (control group) and those of the groups of embryos exhibiting impaired or enhanced growth. Methods: For the present prospective study, we collected amniotic fluid samples from pregnancies that underwent amniocentesis at 15 to 22 weeks of gestational age during the period 2021-2023. Subsequently, we followed up on all pregnancies closely until delivery. Having recorded fetal birthweights, we then divided the neonates into three groups: small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results: In total, 64 pregnancies, including 14 SGA, 10 LGA, and 40 AGA fetuses, were included in our study. Both substances were detected in early second trimester amniotic fluid in both groups. Concentrations of calprotectin differed significantly among the three groups (p = 0.033). AGA fetuses had a lower mean value of 4.195 (2.415-6.425) IU/mL, whereas LGA fetuses had a higher mean value of 6.055 (4.887-13.950) IU/mL, while SGA fetuses had a mean value of 5.475 (3.400-9.177) IU/mL. Further analysis revealed that only LGA fetuses had significantly higher calprotectin concentrations compared to AGA fetuses (p = 0.018). PTH concentration was similar between the groups, with LGA fetuses having a mean value of 13.18 (9.51-15.52) IU/mL, while SGA fetuses had a mean value of 14.18 (9.02-16.00) IU/mL, and AGA fetuses had similar concentrations of 13.35 (9.05-15.81) IU/mL. The differences in PTH concentration among the three groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.513). Conclusions: Calprotectin values in the amniotic fluid in the early second trimester were higher in LGA fetuses compared to those in the SGA and AGA categories. LGA fetuses can possibly be in a state of low-grade chronic inflammation due to excessive fat deposition, causing oxidative stress in LGA fetuses and, eventually, the release of calprotectin. Moreover, PTH concentrations in the amniotic fluid of early second trimester pregnancies were not found to be statistically correlated with fetal growth abnormalities in either LGA or SGA fetuses. However, the early time of collection and the small number of patients in our study should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Maroudias
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Vrachnis
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandros Fotiou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Nikolaos Loukas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece (C.K.-G.)
| | - Vasileiοs Pergialiotis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Valsamakis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.)
| | - Nikolaos Machairiotis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Periklis Panagopoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Panagiotis Vakas
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.)
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece (C.K.-G.)
| | - Petros Drakakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
| | - Nikolaos Vrachnis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece (P.P.)
- Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17, UK
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Chen Y, Zhang J, Wu J, Zhang H, Luan Z, Zhao Z, Li C, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang S, Sun G. A bibliometric and visual analysis of the use of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease using CiteSpace. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1322319. [PMID: 38269276 PMCID: PMC10806014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1322319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The novel biologic agent ustekinumab (UST), a monoclonal antibody against the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, has been applied in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). With the development of relevant research, the clinical treatment and favorable prognosis of UST in CD have garnered considerable attention. However, there is a lack of reports that present the current status of UST-related studies in a comprehensive and objective manner. Consequently, this study aims to visually analyze the current status and clinical trends of UST-related research, identify leading researchers, and recognize deficiencies using bibliometrics and knowledge mapping, which might assist in understanding future research priorities in that specific field. Methods: Published articles containing the use of UST in CD were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection database between 2008 and 2022. Then, the bibliometric analysis was performed, and a knowledge map was generated and visualized using the CiteSpace software. Results: A total of 479 articles published between 2008 and 2022 were included in the bibliometric analysis. These publications were authored by 185 scholars from 51 countries or regions, among which the United States (38.3%), Canada (16.9%) and England (10.0%) were predominant in publishing. The keyword analysis indicated that UST has long been a popular biologic agent, and its clinical efficacy, safety, and indication for vulnerable populations in CD are popular research topics. The phrase "fecal calprotectin," a biomarker reflecting the degree of disease activity and monitoring the therapeutic response, began to gain traction in 2020 and has continued to this day. Looking for UST-related biomarkers was gaining clinical attention. Conclusion: The number of clinical studies involving the outcome of UST treatment in CD patients has increased, with the current research focusing on efficacy, safety, indications for vulnerable populations, therapeutic drug monitoring, and biomarkers. As an alternative drug after the failure of traditional immunosuppressive therapies or TNF-α antagonist therapy, UST is an effective and safe therapy in real-world refractory CD patients. UST will remain an active candidate for research in the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Luan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhuang Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hainan Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Congyong Li
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hainan Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- China Medical, Sanofi, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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18
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Huong BTT, Hien NM, Dung NT, Quang DM, Vinh NT, Tu TT, Chi TK, Phuong LTB, Nhan NT. Role of Calprotectin, IL-6, and CRP in Distinguishing Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Med Arch 2024; 78:105-111. [PMID: 38566874 PMCID: PMC10983091 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2024.78.105-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The early establishment of prophylaxis and immediate administration of anticoagulant therapy upon the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism should be the treatment objectives in these patients. Objective The study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off point of Calprotectin, IL-6 (interleukin-6), CRP (C reactive protein) to differentiate UC, IBS-D. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study of 335 individuals ≥15 years old was performed, including 31 healthy controls, 215 with IBS-D, 71 diagnosed with UC, and 18 diagnosed with CD. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC), sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC) were computed. Results The results showed that the median value of calprotectin (IQR) in healthy participants was 20.0 (6.0 - 34.0) µg/g; 17,7 (8,7-38,9) µg/g in IBS-D group; 1710.0 (588 - 4260,0) µg/g in UC group; and 560.5 (177.8 - 1210.0) µg/g in CD group. Calprotectin concentration in IBD group including UC and CD was higher than IBS-D with p<0.05. The median value of CRP (range IQR) was 1,3 (0,9 - 2,3) mg/L in IBS-D group; 7.0 (2.4 -16.6) mg/L in UC group; and 10.1 (2.2 - 42.5) mg/L in CD group. CRP concentration in IBD group including UC and CD was higher than IBS-D with p<0.05. The median value of IL-6 (range IQR) was 2.3 (1.6 - 5.7) pg/mL in IBS-D group; 16.8 (9.4 - 47.0) pg/mL in UC group; and 9.4 (7.9 - 11.0) pg/mL in CD group. Calprotectin concentration in IBD group including UC and CD was higher than IBS-D with p<0.05. The optimal cut-off point of calprotectin that differentiated IBS-D from IBD was 110.5 µg/g, with sensitivity and specificity of 93.3% and 91.4%, respectively; of IL-6 was 7.2 pg/mL with sensitivity and specificity of 92.0% and 78.0%, respectively; of CRP of 2.4 mg/L had specific sensitivities of 83.3% and 86.0%, respectively. Conclusion The Calprotectin immunoassay has the best value in discriminating between IBD and IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bui-Thi Thu Huong
- Department of Biochemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy (TUMP), Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Tien Dung
- Department of Internal medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy (TUMP), Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Dao Minh Quang
- Department of Oncology, Thanh Nhan Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Thanh Tu
- Department of Oncology, Thanh Nhan Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Khanh Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, Ha Noi Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Le-Thi Bich Phuong
- Department of Internal medicine, Van Hanh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen-Thi Nhan
- Medical Laboratory Faculty, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
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19
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Zaidalkiani AT, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Bahaa MM, Al-Faraga A, Batiha GES. Calprotectin in Parkinsonian disease: Anticipation and dedication. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102143. [PMID: 38008403 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). PD is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Non-motor symptoms such as constipation and dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) motility together with medications used in the management of PD affect gut microbiota. Alterations of gut microbiota with development of gut dyspiosis can induce momentous changes in gut barrier with subsequent systemic inflammation and induction of neuroinflammation. It has been shown that calprotectin which reflect intestinal inflammation and gut barrier injury are augmented in PD. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the possible role of gut barrier injury and associated dysbiois in PD neuropathology, and how calprotectin reflects gut barrier injury in PD. Benefit of this review was to elucidate that high fecal calprotectin level in PD patients indicated gut dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation. Early increment of fecal calprotectin indicates the development of gut dysbiosis and/or gut-barrier injury which may precede motor symptoms by decades. Thus, fecal calprotectin could be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in PD. preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in this regard to emphasize the potential role of fecal calprotectin in PD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ayah Talal Zaidalkiani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, 11196 Amman, Jordan
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia; AFNP Med, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mostafa M Bahaa
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Ammar Al-Faraga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira 22511, Egypt
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20
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Szczuko M, Komisarska P, Kikut J, Drozd A, Sochaczewska D. Calprotectin Is Associated with HETE and HODE Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7584. [PMID: 38137653 PMCID: PMC10744317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal diseases are identified as autoimmune phenomena attributed to a specific virus that binds to the mucosal epithelium. The importance of precise diagnostic processes and identification is emphasized, but the multifaceted and complex etiological factors pose challenges for effective treatment. A recent supplementary study suggested a linkage between the secretion of calprotectin, a protein associated with inflammatory processes, and increased levels of hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic (HODE) compounds. METHODS Sixty-two patients (average age: 14.06 ± 2.93 years) suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases were included in this study. Comparative analyses were performed to assess the concentrations of calprotectin against the levels of arachidonic acid derivatives. The calprotectin concentration was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The derivatives of HETE and HODE were identified through liquid chromatography. RESULTS Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) displayed higher average concentrations of fatty acid metabolites; however, no correlation with calprotectin was observed. A dependency of 12S HETE concentration relative to age was noted in the CD group, and a similar trend was also identified in ulcerative colitis (UC), with the significant metabolites being 15 HETE and 5 oxoETE. In UC patients, a positive correlation was established between the calprotectin concentration and the acids 5-HETE and 12-HETE. CONCLUSIONS These findings may be instrumental for monitoring the inflammatory states of patients and indicating a pathway for intervention. The metabolite 16RS HETE is associated with UC activity, and 15-HETE is related to the disease's duration. A relatively more significant role of HETE acids in the progression of the disease was observed in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Paulina Komisarska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Kikut
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Arleta Drozd
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Diana Sochaczewska
- Department of Neonatology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland;
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21
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Holten KIA, Bernklev T, Opheim R, Johansen I, Olsen BC, Lund C, Strande V, Medhus AW, Perminow G, Bengtson MB, Cetinkaya RB, Vatn S, Frigstad SO, Aabrekk TB, Detlie TE, Hovde Ø, Kristensen VA, Småstuen MC, Henriksen M, Huppertz-Hauss G, Høivik ML, Jelsness-Jørgensen LP. Fatigue in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from a Prospective Inception Cohort, the IBSEN III Study. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1781-1790. [PMID: 37279652 PMCID: PMC10673818 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although fatigue is common in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fatigue and its associated factors in a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with IBD. METHODS Patients ≥18 years old were recruited from the Inflammatory Bowel Disease South-Eastern Norway [IBSEN III] study, a population-based, observational inception cohort. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Questionnaire and compared with data from a Norwegian general population. Univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations of total fatigue [TF; continuous score] and substantial fatigue [SF; dichotomized score ≥4] with sociodemographic, clinical, endoscopic, laboratory, and other relevant patient data. RESULTS In total, 983/1509 [65.1%] patients with complete fatigue data were included (ulcerative colitis [UC], 68.2%; Crohn's disease [CD], 31.8%). The prevalence of SF was higher in CD [69.6%] compared with UC [60.2%] [p < 0.01], and in both diagnoses when compared to the general population [p < 0.001]. In multivariate analyses, depressive symptoms, pain intensity, and sleep disturbances were associated with increased TF for both diagnoses. In addition, increased clinical disease activity and Mayo endoscopic score were significantly associated with TF in UC, whereas all disease-related variables were insignificant in CD. Similar findings were observed for SF, except regarding the Mayo endoscopic score. CONCLUSIONS SF affects approximately two-thirds of patients newly diagnosed with IBD. Fatigue was associated with depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and increased pain intensity in both diagnoses, while clinical and endoscopic activity were associated factors only in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina I Aass Holten
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Østfold Hospital Trust, Sarpsborg, Norway
| | - Tomm Bernklev
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research and Development Department, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Randi Opheim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingunn Johansen
- Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Bjørn C Olsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Charlotte Lund
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Strande
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asle W Medhus
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gøri Perminow
- Pediatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Simen Vatn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Tone B Aabrekk
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Trond Espen Detlie
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Øistein Hovde
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway
| | | | | | - Magne Henriksen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Østfold Hospital Trust, Sarpsborg, Norway
| | | | - Marte Lie Høivik
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars-Petter Jelsness-Jørgensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Østfold Hospital Trust, Sarpsborg, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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22
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Gao S, Sun C, Kong J. Vitamin D Attenuates Ulcerative Colitis by Inhibiting ACSL4-Mediated Ferroptosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4845. [PMID: 38004239 PMCID: PMC10675831 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With environmental and lifestyle changes, recent epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is on the rise, while treatment options are limited. There is an urgent need to explore the underlying mechanisms of vitamin D (VD) as an effective treatment. METHODS Dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice and lipopolysaccharide-induced HCT116 cells were used to establish the classic UC models in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Typical symbols of inflammation (IL-6, COX-2), oxidative stress (MDA, MPO, GSH), and ferroptosis (ACSL4, GPX4, SLC7A11, and Iron) were analyzed by Western blot, Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and relative assay kits. The inflammation factors and oxidative stress injury of cells transfected with ACSL4+/+ plasmids were tested by Western blot, MDA, and MPO methods. RESULTS Vitamin D attenuated the levels of COX-2, IL-6, Iron, MDA, and MPO and improved SOD1 and GSH contents in DSS + VD and LPS + VD groups, compared with model groups. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) could relieve the levels of COX-2, IL-6, Iron, MDA, and MPO while increasing the contents of SOD1 and GSH in DSS + Fer-1 and LPS + Fer-1 compared to model groups. VD downregulated the expression of ACSL4 and upregulated GPX4 in tissues and cells. After transfected with ACSL4+/+ plasmids, we found VD's role of downregulating inflammation and oxidative stress was relieved. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D can relieve UC by inhibiting ferroptosis both in mice and in cells through the negative regulation of ACSL4, providing new insight into the therapeutic function of VD on UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Can Sun
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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23
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Bahar Halpern K, Korem Kohanim Y, Biram A, Harnik Y, Egozi A, Yakubovsky O, Shulman Z, Itzkovitz S. The cellular states and fates of shed intestinal cells. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1858-1869. [PMID: 37857731 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is replaced every few days1. Enterocytes are shed into the gut lumen predominantly from the tips of villi2,3 and have been believed to rapidly die upon their dissociation from the tissue4,5. However, technical limitations prohibited studying the cellular states and fates of shed intestinal cells. Here we show that shed epithelial cells remain viable and upregulate distinct anti-microbial programmes upon shedding, using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of male mouse intestinal faecal washes. We further identify abundant shedding of immune cells, which is elevated in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. We find that faecal host transcriptomics reflect changes in the intestinal tissue following perturbations. Our study suggests potential functions of shed cells in the intestinal lumen and demonstrates that host cell transcriptomes in intestinal washes can be used to probe tissue states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Bahar Halpern
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Yael Korem Kohanim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adi Biram
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yotam Harnik
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Egozi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oran Yakubovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ziv Shulman
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Pivac I, Jelicic Kadic A, Despot R, Zitko V, Tudor D, Runjic E, Markic J. Characteristics of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children: A Croatian Single-Centre Retrospective Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1677. [PMID: 37892340 PMCID: PMC10605261 DOI: 10.3390/children10101677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic gastrointestinal disorders often diagnosed in youth, presenting unique features compared to adult-onset cases. We aimed to profile pediatric IBD patients in Croatia through a retrospective analysis of children up to 18 years old diagnosed with IBD at the University Hospital of Split from 1 January 2012, to 31 December 2021, utilizing data collected during hospitalization for diagnosis. Over a decade, 107 children were diagnosed, with 43.9% having UC, 55.1% CD, and 0.9% IBD-unclassified. Median age at diagnosis was 14.1 years, with UC patients being older (14.8 vs. 13.7 years, p = 0.044). Males constituted 60.7% of patients. Median symptom duration was 2.0 months, with CD patients experiencing a longer diagnostic delay (3.0 vs. 2.0 months, p = 0.003). The median incidence rate was 9.89 (95% CI 5.93-13.84) per 100,000 children/year, varying across age groups. Median (IQR) BMI z-score was -0.34 (-0.97-0.45). Common symptoms included diarrhea (60.7%) and abdominal pain (50.5%), with rectal bleeding more prevalent in UC (72.3% vs. 32.2%, p < 0.001). While our study offers valuable insights into pediatric IBD in Croatia, further prospective research is needed to clarify disease progression and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pivac
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Antonia Jelicic Kadic
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Ranka Despot
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Vanda Zitko
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Darija Tudor
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Edita Runjic
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Josko Markic
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (D.T.); (E.R.)
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Ciortescu I, Nemteanu R, Gheorghe L, Hincu C, Fortu L, Chiriac O, Clim A, Plesa A. Emergency colectomy for massive rectal bleeding in a patient with well-controlled ulcerative colitis receiving Vedolizumab. Arch Clin Cases 2023; 10:133-137. [PMID: 37767054 PMCID: PMC10521634 DOI: 10.22551/2023.40.1003.10259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition, with a relapsing-remitting course. The case presented poses some valid questions regarding short-term and long-term management of patients with UC, and if the outcome (colectomy) could have been delayed or even prevented. Rectal bleeding is a cardinal symptom in patients with UC and it occurs among all patients during active disease. Massive rectal bleeding is an uncommon, but serious, complication of UC accounting for 0.1-1.4% of admissions. It is, nonetheless, noteworthy that instances of acute significant lower gastrointestinal bleeding accompanied by hemodynamic instability are infrequent. The rate of colectomy appears to be positively impacted by biological treatment. However, a refractory condition is still the primary reason for surgery, indicating a pressing need for new treatment approaches. Here we present the case of a young male patient who developed massive rectal bleeding and underwent emergent colectomy with ileostomy while having clinical and biological remission (normal calprotectin levels) at week 10 of Vedolizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ciortescu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Sf. Spiridon” University Emergency County Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Roxana Nemteanu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Sf. Spiridon” University Emergency County Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Liliana Gheorghe
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Radiology, “Sf. Spiridon” University Emergency County Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Corina Hincu
- Department of Radiology, “Sf. Spiridon” University Emergency County Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Liliana Fortu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- 2nd Surgery Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Andreea Clim
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Plesa
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Sf. Spiridon” University Emergency County Hospital, Iaşi, Romania
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26
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Huang X, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Gao C, He C. Clinical significance of the C-reactive protein-to-bilirubin ratio in patients with ulcerative colitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1227998. [PMID: 37817808 PMCID: PMC10560853 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1227998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing remitting disease of the colon. Appropriate monitoring of the disease status is necessary for patients to adopt optimal therapy and obtain a better prognosis. Finding an ideal non-invasive biomarker, which is suitable for long-term monitoring in clinical settings will bring a significant benefit to the individualized management of patients with UC. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical significance of a novel optimizing serological biomarker by integrating C-reactive protein (CRP) and bilirubin levels in monitoring disease activity. Methods A total of 182 patients with UC were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters of the subjects were retrieved from the electronic medical record database of our hospital. The CRP-to-bilirubin ratio (CBR) was computed for clinical activity of UC defined by the partial Mayo score and endoscopic activity by the Mayo endoscopic score (MES). Results CBR was significantly elevated in patients with UC than that in healthy controls. Patients with clinically or endoscopically active UC showed evidently higher CBR levels compared to those with inactive disease, even in a subset of patients with normal CRP levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of CBR was higher than that of CRP or bilirubin alone for determining clinical remission and endoscopic mucosal improvement. Furthermore, CBR levels were significantly decreased when patients achieved mucosal improvement compared with when they had active endoscopic inflammation. Conclusion CBR could be useful to reflect disease activity in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinghui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiping Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Aghamohammad S, Sepehr A, Miri ST, Najafi S, Pourshafie MR, Rohani M. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects of native potential probiotics as supplementary therapeutic agents in an in-vitro model of inflammation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:335. [PMID: 37735396 PMCID: PMC10515064 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IBD is considered an inflammatory disease with abnormal and exaggerated immune responses. To control the symptoms, different theraputic agents could be used, however, utilizing the agents with the least side effects could be important. Probiotics as beneficial microorganisms are one of the complementory theraputic agents that could be used to modulate inflammatory signaling pathways. In the current study, we aimed to identify the precise molecular effects of potential probiotics on signaling pathways involved in the development of inflammation. METHODS A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was used to analyze the expression of JAK /STAT (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, TYK2, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5 and STAT6) and inflammatory genes (NEMO, TIRAP, IRAK, and RIP) after the HT -29 cell line treatment with the sonicated pathogens and potential probiotics. A cytokine assay was also used to evaluate IL -6 and IL -1β production after potential probiotic treatment. RESULTS The potential probiotic cocktail downregulated the JAK genes and TIRAP, IRAK4, NEMO, and RIP genes in the NF-kB pathway compared with cells that were treated with sonicated gram negative pathogens. The expression of STAT genes was different after potential probiotic treatment. The production of IL -6 and IL -1β decreased after potential probiotic treatment. CONCLUSIONS Considering the importance of controlling the symptoms of IBD to improve the life quality of the patients, using probiotic could be crucial. In the current study the studied native potential probiotic cocktails showed anti-inflammatory effects via modulation of JAK /STAT and NF-kB signaling pathways. This observation suggests that our native potential probiotics consumption could be useful in reducing intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amin Sepehr
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Tina Miri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Najafi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Asiri AS, Algarni SS, Althubaiti AQ, Alzubaidi MA, Alghamdi JA, Almalki GA. Fecal Calprotectin and Organic Gastrointestinal Disease: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e45019. [PMID: 37829963 PMCID: PMC10565882 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of fecal calprotectin (FCP) for identifying organic gastrointestinal disease (OGID) in patients undergoing colonoscopy for gastrointestinal discomfort or active progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies published between January 2013 and December 2022 evaluating the clinical efficacy of FCP for differentiating OGID against functional gastrointestinal disease (FGID) were identified using PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. Clinical diagnostic studies involving individuals with lower gastrointestinal symptoms; using FCP as a diagnostic biomarker either in primary, secondary, or tertiary healthcare centers conducted either prospectively or retrospectively using stool samples (index test), contrasting FCP with a reference test, such as colonoscopy, or endoscopy, and assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were reviewed. The included studies were subjected to the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies for assessing the methodological quality by two independent authors. An initial literature search yielded 545 articles rendering 417 records after removing the duplicate records. After reading the abstracts and titles, 89 articles were eligible for full-text screening. The qualitative synthesis resulted in 20 articles. The efficient use of FCP for differentiating IBD from irritable bowel syndrome was investigated in 15 studies.Two of the included studies assessed the diagnostic ability of FCP to distinguish OGID from FGID, two studies utilized patients with ulcerative colitis, and one study involved patients with Crohn's disease. Overall study quality was high for 65% of studies,moderate for 25% of studies, and low for 10% of studies. The review outlined the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive FCP assessment for OGID in various clinical scenarios and in individuals of various ages. FCP is used as a tool for screening and monitoring in clinical practice for determining the need of further comprehensive investigations, thereby reducing the redundant use of invasive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saad S Algarni
- Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for Security forces, Jeddah, SAU
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Tursi A, Piovani D, Brandimarte G, Di Mario F, Elisei W, Picchio M, Allegretta L, Annunziata ML, Bafutto M, Bassotti G, Bianco MA, Colucci R, Conigliaro R, Dumitrascu DL, Escalante R, Ferrini L, Forti G, Franceschi M, Graziani MG, Lammert F, Latella G, Maconi G, Compare D, Nardone G, Camara De Castro Oliveira L, Oliveira EC, Papa A, Papagrigoriadis S, Pietrzak A, Pontone S, Poskus T, Pranzo G, Reichert MC, Rodinò S, Regula J, Scaccianoce G, Scaldaferri F, Vassallo R, Zampaletta C, Zullo A, Spaziani E, Bonovas S, Danese S. Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment classification, CODA score and fecal calprotectin in clinical assessment of patients with diverticular disease: A decision curve analysis. United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:642-653. [PMID: 37550901 PMCID: PMC10493361 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) classification and the Combined Overview on Diverticular Assessment (CODA) were found to be effective in predicting the outcomes of Diverticular Disease (DD). We ascertain whether fecal calprotectin (FC) can further aid in improving risk stratification. METHODS A three-year international, multicentre, prospective cohort study was conducted involving 43 Gastroenterology and Endoscopy centres. Survival methods for censored observations were used to estimate the risk of acute diverticulitis (AD) in newly diagnosed DD patients according to basal FC, DICA, and CODA. The net benefit of management strategies based on DICA, CODA and FC in addition to CODA was assessed with decision curve analysis, which incorporates the harms and benefits of using a prognostic model for clinical decisions. RESULTS At the first diagnosis of diverticulosis/DD, 871 participants underwent FC measurement. FC was associated with the risk of AD at 3 years (HR per each base 10 logarithm increase: 3.29; 95% confidence interval, 2.13-5.10) and showed moderate discrimination (c-statistic: 0.685; 0.614-0.756). DICA and CODA were more accurate predictors of AD than FC. However, FC showed high discrimination capacity to predict AD at 3 months, which was not maintained at longer follow-up times. The decision curve analysis comparing the combination of FC and CODA with CODA alone did not clearly indicate a larger net benefit of one strategy over the other. CONCLUSIONS FC measurement could be used as a complementary tool to assess the immediate risk of AD. In all other cases, treatment strategies based on the CODA score alone should be recommended.
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Gomes SF, Melo FJ, Silva R, Santiago M, Estevinho MM, Dias S, Dias CC, Magro F. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in fecal samples: validation of the extraction methodology and stability in short-term storage conditions. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1636-1642. [PMID: 37098041 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assesses the clinical relevance of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) membrane exopeptidase as a biomarker of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A spike-and-recovery approach of DPP4 in fecal samples was used to compare two different methods for protein extraction, followed by a stability assessment. METHODS Fecal samples of healthy volunteers spiked with known concentrations of recombinant DPP4 were processed using a standard manual extraction protocol and the CALEX® protocol. The two methods were compared by quantification of fecal DPP4 by ELISA, followed by Bland-Altman analysis. For the stability assays DPP4 was extracted from fecal samples and stored under different conditions of temperature and time after collection. RESULTS In general, the levels of spiked DPP4 in stool samples were lower with the manual protocol than in those obtained with the CALEX® method; this trend was corroborated by Bland-Altman analysis. Nonetheless, variability was within the acceptable limits for both protocols. In the stability assessment, no statistically significant differences were found between the results obtained under the different storage conditions. CONCLUSIONS Both manual and CALEX® protocols provided equal extraction ability of DPP4 from stool samples. In addition, DPP4 provided flexibility in terms of sample storage enabling the accurate assessment of samples delivered up to a week before analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F Gomes
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Jorge Melo
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Silva
- Portuguese Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (GEDII), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Santiago
- Portuguese Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (GEDII), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Estevinho
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Sandra Dias
- Portuguese Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (GEDII), Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Camila Dias
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Portuguese Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (GEDII), Porto, Portugal
- RISE - Health Research Network, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, São João University Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
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Iordache MM, Belu AM, Vlad SE, Aivaz KA, Dumitru A, Tocia C, Dumitru E. Calprotectin, Biomarker of Depression in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1240. [PMID: 37512053 PMCID: PMC10383955 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Calprotectin is a marker for intestinal inflammation. Recent research suggests a link between inflammation and depression. This study assessed the association between the levels of calprotectin in patients from South-Eastern Europe and the severity of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 confirmed patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) who were assessed using clinical interviews for determining the severities of mental disorders (i.e., depression severity-PHQ-9, anxiety-GAD-7) and the quality of life (EQ-5D). Stool samples were collected from all participants for measuring their levels of calprotectin. Results: The level of calprotectin is correlated with PHQ-9 (ρ = 0.416, p = 0.022) and EQ-5D (ρ = -0.304, p = 0.033) but not with GAD 7 (ρ = 0.059, p = 0.379). Calprotectin levels in patients with mild, moderate, and moderately severe depression were significantly higher than in patients with minimal depression (198 µg/g vs. 66,9 µg/g, p = 0.04). Calprotectin level was corelated with the following depressive symptoms: autolytic ideation (ρ = 0.557, p = 0.001), fatigue (ρ = 0.514, p = 0.002), slow movement (ρ = 0.490, p = 0.003), and sleep disorders (ρ = 0.403, p = 0.014). Calprotectin was an independent predictor of depression with an odds ratio of 1.01 (95%: 1.002-1.03, p < 0.01). An ROC analysis showed that a level of calprotectin of 131 µg/g or higher has a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 61%, and an accuracy of 70% for predicting depression. In this study, no significant correlations were found between calprotectin level and anxiety. Conclusions: Calprotectin levels are associated with the severity of depression, and checking for a calprotectin level of 131 µg/g or higher may be a potential accessible screening test for depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miorita Melina Iordache
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Alley, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Prof. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatry Hospital, 10 Berceni Str., 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Mihaela Belu
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Alley, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- "St. Apostol Andrew" Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sabina E Vlad
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Kamer Ainur Aivaz
- Faculty of Economics, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Street, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Andrei Dumitru
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Alley, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- "St. Apostol Andrew" Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristina Tocia
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Alley, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- "St. Apostol Andrew" Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Eugen Dumitru
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 Universitatii Alley, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- "St. Apostol Andrew" Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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Jo SY, Bang KS. Clinical characteristics and nursing diagnoses of pediatric patients hospitalized with inflammatory bowel disease: a single-center retrospective study in South Korea. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2023; 29:218-228. [PMID: 37554089 PMCID: PMC10415836 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2023.29.3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify clinical characteristics of South Korean pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a children's hospital over the past 5 years, with a specific focus on comparing the features observed between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Additionally, it aimed to examine the nursing diagnoses given to patients. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of Korean pediatric patients under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with IBD and hospitalized at a children's hospital in Seoul, South Korea, from January 2017 to December 2021. RESULTS The number of pediatric patients diagnosed with IBD steadily increased. This finding was particularly prominent for CD patients, the majority of whom were male. Pediatric patients with CD had significantly higher rates of abdominal pain and perianal lesions, while pediatric patients with UC had a higher rate of bloody stool. Laboratory findings indicated that CD patients had higher levels of inflammatory markers and lower albumin levels than UC patients. The nursing diagnoses given during hospitalization mostly related to safety and protection, physical comfort, and gastrointestinal function. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into Korean pediatric IBD patients, enabling early detection and the development of nursing intervention strategies. From a comprehensive perspective, nursing care should not only address patients' physical needs but also their psychosocial needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yoon Jo
- Graduate Student, College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Bang
- Professor, College of Nursing · The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kałużna A, Jura-Półtorak A, Derkacz A, Jaruszowiec J, Olczyk K, Komosinska-Vassev K. Circulating Profiles of Serum Proguanylin, S100A12 Protein and Pentraxin 3 as Diagnostic Markers of Ulcerative Colitis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4339. [PMID: 37445374 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate potential new biomarkers which could be used in the clinical practice of ulcerative colitis (UC). Given the crucial role of intestinal barrier integrity and inflammation in the pathogenesis of UC, the serum profile of proteins linked to intestinal barrier and pro-inflammatory neutrophil products may be useful in diagnosing and monitoring the activity of the disease. We measured serum levels of proguanylin (pro-GN), S100A12, and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in 31 patients with UC before and after a year of biological treatment, as well as in 20 healthy individuals. Significant differences in the serum profiles of pro-GN (5.27 vs. 11.35, p < 0.001), S100A12 (39.36 vs. 19.74, p < 0.001) and PTX3 (3197.05 vs. 1608.37, p < 0.001) were observed between pre-treatment patients with UC and healthy individuals. Furthermore, in UC patients prior to treatment, the levels of S100A12 (p < 0.0005; r = 0.628) and PTX3 (p < 0.05; r = 0.371) were correlated with disease activity as measured by the Mayo scale. Following a year of biological treatment with adalimumab, the concentration of pro-GN significantly increased (5.27 vs. 6.68, p < 0.005) in the blood of UC patients, while the level of PTX-3 decreased (3197.05 vs. 1946.4, p < 0.0001). Our study demonstrates the usefulness of pro-GN, S100A12, and PTX3 measurements in diagnosing and monitoring the activity of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kałużna
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jura-Półtorak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | | | - Julia Jaruszowiec
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystyna Olczyk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Komosinska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Arroyo-Manzanares N, García-Nicolás M, Abellán-Alfocea F, Prieto-Baeza L, Campillo N, Del Val Oliver B, Zarauz-García J, Sáenz L, Viñas P. Application of untargeted volatile profiling in inflammatory bowel disease research. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04748-x. [PMID: 37233766 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis depends on criteria based on histological, endoscopic, radiological, and clinical results. These studies show drawbacks as being expensive, invasive, and time-consuming. In this work, an untargeted metabolomic strategy based on the monitoring of volatile compounds in serum by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is proposed as a complementary, fast, and efficient test for IBD patient diagnosis. To develop the method and build a chemometric model that allows the IBD diagnosis, serum samples including IBD patients and healthy volunteers were collected. Analyses were performed by incubating 400 µL of serum for 10 min at 90 °C. For data processing, an untargeted metabolomic strategy was used. A total of 96 features were detected, of which a total of 10 volatile compounds could be identified and confirmed by means of the analysis of real standards. The chemometric treatment consisted of a discriminant analysis of orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA) obtaining a 100% of classification rate, since all the analyzed samples were correctly classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María García-Nicolás
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fuensanta Abellán-Alfocea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Laura Prieto-Baeza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Natalia Campillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Blanca Del Val Oliver
- Internal Medicine Service - Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Hospital General Universitario Rafael Méndez, Lorca, Spain
| | - José Zarauz-García
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario Rafael Méndez, Lorca, Spain
| | - Luis Sáenz
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario Rafael Méndez, Lorca, Spain
| | - Pilar Viñas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Morariu ID, Avasilcai L, Vieriu M, Lupu VV, Morariu BA, Lupu A, Morariu PC, Pop OL, Starcea IM, Trandafir L. Effects of a Low-FODMAP Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Both Children and Adults-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102295. [PMID: 37242178 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is a typical gastrointestinal disease that causes bloating, flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, or alteration of the last two in adults and children. A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) is one of the potential treatment strategies to reduce abdominal symptoms and increase the quality of life. The present narrative review aims to present a general overview of current studies that have evaluated the efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet against other diets in gastrointestinal symptoms, nutrient intake in adults and children, and lifestyle quality. The research was performed using seven searchable databases, which included the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, up to March 2023. In conclusion, there is significant evidence that the follow-up of a low-FODMAP diet might be a feasible first-line therapeutic strategy to reduce stomach discomfort, pain, bloating, and quality of life for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionela-Daniela Morariu
- Department of Environmental and Food Chemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana Avasilcai
- Department of Environmental and Food Chemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Madalina Vieriu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Branco-Adrian Morariu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Sfântul Spiridon" Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ancuța Lupu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Paula-Cristina Morariu
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Sfântul Spiridon" Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana-Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Sciences Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliana Magalena Starcea
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Lugonja SI, Pantic IL, Milovanovic TM, Grbovic VM, Djokovic BM, Todorovic ŽD, Simovic SM, Medovic RH, Zdravkovic ND, Zdravkovic ND. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Platelet Aggregation. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:554. [PMID: 36984554 PMCID: PMC10059701 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Atherosclerosis is one of inflammatory bowel disease's most significant cardiovascular manifestations. This research aimed to examine the relationship between biochemical, haemostatic, and immune parameters of atherosclerosis and ulcerative colitis patients and its relationship to platelet aggregation. Materials and Methods: A clinical, observational cross-sectional study was performed, during which the tested parameters were compared in the experimental and control groups. The patients were divided into four groups. The first group had 25 patients who had ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis. The second group included 39 patients with ulcerative colitis without atherosclerosis. The third group comprised 31 patients suffering from atherosclerosis without ulcerative colitis, and the fourth group comprised 25 healthy subjects. Results: In our study, we registered statistically higher levels of inflammatory markers like SE, CRP, Le, fecal calprotectin, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as the higher value of thrombocytes and thrombocyte aggregation in the group of patients with ulcerative colitis compared to the control group. Lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL were also recorded in patients with ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis and ulcerative colitis without atherosclerosis compared to healthy control. Triglyceride and remnant cholesterol were higher in patients with ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis and healthy control but lower than in patients with atherosclerosis only. Conclusions: Several inflammatory markers and platelet aggregation could be good discrimination markers for subjects with ulcerative colitis with the highest risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofija I. Lugonja
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital “Djordje Joanovic”, 5 Dr. Vase Savica Street, 23000 Zrenjanin, Serbia
| | - Ivana L. Pantic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 2 Dr. Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara M. Milovanovic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 2 Dr. Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr. Subotica Starijeg Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna M. Grbovic
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojana M. Djokovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Željko D. Todorovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Stefan M. Simovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Raša H. Medovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa D. Zdravkovic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa D. Zdravkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 30 Zmaj Jovina Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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The Usefulness of Tissue Calprotectin in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease—A Pilot Study. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord5010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is a highly sensitive biomarker of intestinal inflammation widely used in diagnostics and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Immunohistochemical assessment of calprotectin in the bowel mucosa is not a diagnostic standard. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate tissue calprotectin (TCP) as a potential marker providing added insight for pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: Fecal and tissue calprotectin were measured in children with CD. The values were correlated with disease activity and histopathological changes of the patients’ endoscopic biopsies. Disease activity was assessed using the Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI); fecal calprotectin (FCP) was measured with the ELISA test. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for calprotectin antigen was performed on the biopsy samples from six bowel segments, and the number of TCP cells was counted per high power field (HPF). Non-parametric statistical tests were used for data analysis. Results: Fifty-seven children with CD with a median age of 10.5 (1–17) years (yrs) were examined for fecal and tissue calprotectin. The patients’ median PCDAI score was 10 (0–63.5), while median FCP was 535 (30–600) μg/g. We observed a correlation between disease activity (PCDAI) and FCP, TCP in inflammatory lesions and in crypts. There was no association either between FCP and TCP or between TCP in epithelium and PCDAI. Conclusion: It seems that IHC detection of calprotectin in bowel mucosa to assess disease behavior may be useful. FCP is a gold-standard biomarker in the diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of IBD, and its levels correlated well with clinical activity in our study group.
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Yu S, Zhang M, Ye Z, Wang Y, Wang X, Chen YG. Development of a 32-gene signature using machine learning for accurate prediction of inflammatory bowel disease. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 36600111 PMCID: PMC9813306 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Numerous genes are implicated in the etiology of IBD, but the diagnosis of IBD is challenging. Here, XGBoost, a machine learning prediction model, has been used to distinguish IBD from healthy cases following elaborative feature selection. Using combined unsupervised clustering analysis and the XGBoost feature selection method, we successfully identified a 32-gene signature that can predict IBD occurrence in new cohorts with 0.8651 accuracy. The signature shows enrichment in neutrophil extracellular trap formation and cytokine signaling in the immune system. The probability threshold of the XGBoost-based classification model can be adjusted to fit personalized lifestyle and health status. Therefore, this study reveals potential IBD-related biomarkers that facilitate an effective personalized diagnosis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Yu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou Science Park, Luogang District, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700 China
| | - Mengxian Zhang
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Zhaofeng Ye
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yalong Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou Science Park, Luogang District, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700 China
| | - Xu Wang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700 China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510700 China ,grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China ,grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
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Augustin A, Guennec AL, Umamahesan C, Kendler‐Rhodes A, Tucker RM, Chekmeneva E, Takis P, Lewis M, Balasubramanian K, DeSouza N, Mullish BH, Taylor D, Ryan S, Whelan K, Ma Y, Ibrahim MAA, Bjarnason I, Hayee BH, Charlett A, Dobbs SM, Dobbs RJ, Weller C. Faecal metabolite deficit, gut inflammation and diet in Parkinson's disease: Integrative analysis indicates inflammatory response syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1152. [PMID: 36588088 PMCID: PMC9806009 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut-brain axis is widely implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). We take an integrated approach to considering the gut as a target for disease-modifying intervention, using continuous measurements of disease facets irrespective of diagnostic divide. METHODS We characterised 77 participants with diagnosed-PD, 113 without, by dietary/exogenous substance intake, faecal metabolome, intestinal inflammation, serum cytokines/chemokines, clinical phenotype including colonic transit time. Complete-linkage hierarchical cluster analysis of metabolites discriminant for PD-status was performed. RESULTS Longer colonic transit was linked to deficits in faecal short-chain-fatty acids outside PD, to a 'tryptophan-containing metabolite cluster' overall. Phenotypic cluster analysis aggregated colonic transit with brady/hypokinesia, tremor, sleep disorder and dysosmia, each individually associated with tryptophan-cluster deficit. Overall, a faster pulse was associated with deficits in a metabolite cluster including benzoic acid and an imidazole-ring compound (anti-fungals) and vitamin B3 (anti-inflammatory) and with higher serum CCL20 (chemotactic for lymphocytes/dendritic cells towards mucosal epithelium). The faster pulse in PD was irrespective of postural hypotension. The benzoic acid-cluster deficit was linked to (well-recognised) lower caffeine and alcohol intakes, tryptophan-cluster deficit to higher maltose intake. Free-sugar intake was increased in PD, maltose intake being 63% higher (p = .001). Faecal calprotectin was 44% (95% CI 5%, 98%) greater in PD [p = .001, adjusted for proton-pump inhibitors (p = .001)], with 16% of PD-probands exceeding a cut-point for clinically significant inflammation compatible with inflammatory bowel disease. Higher maltose intake was associated with exceeding this calprotectin cut-point. CONCLUSIONS Emerging picture is of (i) clinical phenotype being described by deficits in microbial metabolites essential to gut health; (ii) intestinal inflammation; (iii) a systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Augustin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- The Maudsley HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Chianna Umamahesan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- The Maudsley HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Rosalind M. Tucker
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- The Maudsley HospitalLondonUK
| | - Elena Chekmeneva
- National Phenome CentreImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Section of Bioanalytical ChemistryImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Panteleimon Takis
- National Phenome CentreImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Section of Bioanalytical ChemistryImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthew Lewis
- National Phenome CentreImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Section of Bioanalytical ChemistryImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Department of MetabolismDigestion and ReproductionImperial College, LondonUK
| | - David Taylor
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- The Maudsley HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Kevin Whelan
- Nutritional SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Liver StudiesKing's College HospitalLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - André Charlett
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Statistics, Modelling and EconomicsUK Health Security AgencyLondonUK
| | - Sylvia M. Dobbs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- GastroenterologyKing's College HospitalLondonUK
| | - R. John Dobbs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- GastroenterologyKing's College HospitalLondonUK
| | - Clive Weller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Hu Q, Tang XZ, Liu F, Liu DW, Cao B. Vedolizumab subcutaneous formulation maintenance therapy for patients with IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231166227. [PMID: 37124368 PMCID: PMC10141260 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231166227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The application of vedolizumab (VDZ) subcutaneous (SC) formulation has brought more convenience and hope to patients with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in the coronavirus disease 2019 context. Objective This study aimed to systematically evaluate all previous studies that used VDZ SC formulation for maintenance therapy in patients with IBD. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources and Methods The search was conducted using the subject and free terms related to 'Vedolizumab', 'Subcutaneous', and 'IBD', in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and at ClinicalTrials.gov databases between 2008 and 2022. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, respectively. The endpoints included efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Results A total of 60 studies and 2 completed clinical registry trials were retrieved, of which 3 RCTs with high methodological quality, and 3 cohort studies with large heterogeneity were included in the meta-analysis. In the RCT study design, patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) under different conditions after treated with VDZ SC were significantly distinct than those for placebo (PBO) in clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission. In Crohn's disease (CD), the aforementioned parameters were slightly higher than those for PBO, but there was not statistically significant in endoscopic remission and the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor-naive patients. The clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission in patients with UC after VDZ SC treatment were similar to those after intravenous (IV) treatment. The risk ratios in patients experiencing adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs after VDZ SC and PBO treatments were 86% and 89% in UC, and 96% and 80% in CD, respectively. Compared with IV, safety was not statistically different. The risk of developing anti-VDZ antibody after VDZ SC treatment was only 20% of that after PBO in patients with UC, but it was 9.38 times in CD. Conclusion VDZ SC treatment maintained the clinical efficacy of IV induction in patients with IBD without increasing the safety risk, and the efficacy was more pronounced in patients with UC. Immunogenicity might be a potential factor for the decrease in efficacy rate in patients with IBD. Registration INPLASY 2022120115.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fang Liu
- AnoRectal Surgery, Sixth affiliated hospital of
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-wu Liu
- AnoRectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital
of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, Guiyang,
China
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Khosravi P, Abroun S, Kaviani S, Masoudifar S, Farahani HS. Calprotectin as new potential clinical marker for multiple myeloma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282841. [PMID: 36928900 PMCID: PMC10019635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the role of inflammation in disease pathogenesis, have recently been considered. The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluation of fecal calprotectin (CP) as a non-invasive biomarker for the evaluation of inflammation in patients with multiple myeloma. This study is a hospital-based case control study. MM patients referred to patients referred to medical centers of Tehran province, Iran, were identified and classified into two groups of new MM patients (n = 40) and patients undergoing treatment (n = 28). Healthy individuals were included in the study as healthy control (n = 25). Morning stool samples were collected and CP was extracted immediately. After collecting the samples, CP was measured according to ELISA method and was determined in μg/g of feces. Values above 50 μg/g of feces are positive and indicate inflammation. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between groups in terms if CP mean (p = 0.001). The mean of CP among new cases, under treatment and control groups were 301.3 (SD: 141.0), 165.1 (SD: 153.9) and 36.9 (SD: 13.5), respectively. Then the groups were compared in pairs, the results showed that the new case group was significantly different from the under-treatment group (p = 0.001), and also the control group showed a significant difference with the new case group (p = 0.001) and the under-treatment group (p = 0.001) that the amount of CP in the control group was significantly lower than the other two groups. In addition, the results of the study showed a significant correlation between age and plasma cells with CP value, so that with increasing age and plasma cells, CP value also showed a significant increase. The results indicate that quantitative evaluation of CP as a non-invasive laboratory biomarker has a high potential as a clinical marker in patients with multiple myeloma and inflammation should considered as a hallmark of cancer. Further diagnostic studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Khosravi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abroun
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Saeid Kaviani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Masoudifar
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Park MY, Park SY, Hartog A, van Hoffen E, Kardinaal A, Kim J, Choi HJ, Kwon O, Kim JY. Study protocol for cholera vaccination as a model to measure the inflammatory response in the gut: A case of modulation with a Lactobacillus plantarum K8 lysate. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281817. [PMID: 36809275 PMCID: PMC9942990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It is crucial for human health that the immune system of the gastrointestinal tract works effectively. Dietary modulation is one of the factors that regulate the immune response in the gut. This study aims to develop a safe human challenge model to study gastrointestinal inflammation and immune function. This study focuses on evaluating gut stimulation induced by the oral cholera vaccine in healthy people. In addition, this paper describes the study design for assessing the efficacy and safety of a probiotic lysate, identifying whether functional ingredients in food can modulate inflammatory response induced by oral cholera vaccine. Forty-six males aged 20 to 50 with healthy bowel habits will be randomly allocated to the placebo or intervention group. Participants will consume 1 capsule of probiotic lysate or placebo twice daily for 6 weeks, take oral cholera vaccines on visit 2 (day 15) and visit 5 (day 29). The level of fecal calprotectin, a marker of gut inflammation, will be the primary outcome. The changes of cholera toxin-specific antibody levels and local/systemic inflammatory responses will be evaluated in blood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate gut stimulation of the oral cholera vaccine and investigate the effect of a probiotic lysate on improving the mild inflammatory response induced by the vaccine or supporting the immune response in healthy subjects. Trial registration: * This trial is registered in the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform of WHO (ICTRP, registration number: KCT0002589).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Anita Hartog
- Department of Health, NIZO, Ede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Joohee Kim
- BiofoodCRO Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Office of Infection Control, Ewha Woman’s University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- System Health & Engineering Major in Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (OK); (JYK)
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (OK); (JYK)
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Shokri‐Afra H, Moradi M, Musavi H, Moradi‐Sardareh H, Moradi poodeh B, Kazemi Veisari A, Oladi Z, Ebrahimi M. Serum calprotectin can indicate current and future severity of COVID-19. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 37:e24809. [PMID: 36525302 PMCID: PMC9833977 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive and prognostic biomarkers to guide 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are critically evolving. Dysregulated immune responses are the pivotal cause of severity mainly mediated by neutrophil activation. Thus, we evaluated the association of calprotectin, neutrophil secretory protein, and other mediators of inflammation with the severity and outcomes of COVID-19. METHODS This two-center prospective study focused on PCR-proven COVID-19 patients (n = 76) with different clinical presentations and SARS-CoV-2 negative control subjects (n = 24). Serum calprotectin (SC) was compared with IL-6 and other laboratory parameters. RESULTS Median levels of SC were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients in comparison to the control group (3760 vs. 2100 ng/ml, p < 0.0001). Elevated SC was significantly respective of disease severity (3760 ng/ml in mild up to 5700 ng/ml in severe cases, p < 0.0001). Moreover, the significant positive and negative correlations of SC with disease severity and oxygenation status indicated disease progression and respiratory worsening, respectively. It was found that SC was high in severe patients during hospitalization and significantly declined to normal after recovery. The logistic analysis identified the independent predictive power of SC for respiratory status or clinical severity. Indeed, SC behaved as a better discriminator for both outcomes, as it exhibited the largest area under the curve (receiver operating curve analysis), with the highest specificity and sensitivity when the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers was compared. CONCLUSION Calprotectin can be used as a reliable prognostic tool to predict the poor clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Shokri‐Afra
- Gut and Liver Research Center, Non‐communicable Diseases InstituteMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Mona Moradi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases InstituteMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Hadis Musavi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Hemen Moradi‐Sardareh
- Department of Research and TechnologyAsadabad School of Medical ScienceAsadabadIran,Biomad companyOsloNorway
| | - Bahman Moradi poodeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Lahijan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityLahijanIran
| | - Arash Kazemi Veisari
- Gut and Liver Research Center, Non‐communicable Diseases InstituteMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Ziaeddin Oladi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ghaem Shahr Razi HospitalMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Mahboobe Ebrahimi
- Gut and Liver Research Center, Non‐communicable Diseases InstituteMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
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Grgić D, Golubić K, Brinar M, Krznarić Ž. Predictive value of faecal calprotectin in ulcerative colitis - single centre experience. Ann Med 2022; 54:1570-1577. [PMID: 35635011 PMCID: PMC9891222 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2082518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Faecal calprotectin is an important biomarker used in the evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to establish the value of faecal calprotectin concentration as a predictor of remission in ulcerative colitis and its correlation with laboratory, endoscopic and clinical findings. METHODS The single centre study included 126 adult patients with established diagnosis of ulcerative colitis consecutively visiting our Day clinic from March 2017 to March 2019. We measured serum biomarkers- CRP, haemoglobin, leukocytes and platelets. Faecal calprotectin was determined from stool, and endoscopy was performed with calculation of MAYO endoscopic subscore system (MES 0-1: remission, and MES 2-3: active disease). Clinical assessment was done by using Mayo score for ulcerative colitis (clinical Mayo score <2:remission, >5: active disease).The statistical analysis was performed using an univariate and multivariate model of disease remission prediction using logistic regression. RESULTS According to univariate analysis the increase of faecal calprotectin concentration by 10 ug/g is associated with an 8% decrease in probability of disease remission (OR 0.9921, p < .05). In the multivariate analysis, faecal calprotectin remained a significant predictor of disease remission (OR 0.9948, 95% CI 0.9914-0.9982, p = .0028), however, with a significant contribution of C-reactive protein (OR 0.8340, 95% CI 0.7085-0.9818, p = .0292). According to our model the cut off value for faecal calprotectin was 154 ug/g. CONCLUSION Our results have shown that faecal calprotectin is an independent predictor of remission in UC patients. The results of our study represent real-life data from a single university centre dealing with FC as a prognostic marker in patients with UC. KEY MESSAGESFaecal calprotectin is an independent predictor of remission in UC patients.Recent studies have suggested that calprotectin correlates well with endoscopic activity of inflammation but correlation of faecal calprotectin in a phase of remission hasn't been evaluated yet.We have found that other inflammatory biomarkers do not correlate well with either endoscopic or clinical activity in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Grgić
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karlo Golubić
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Brinar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Krznarić
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Zheng J, Sun Q, Zhang J, Ng SC. The role of gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and prognosis. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 10:1091-1102. [PMID: 36461896 PMCID: PMC9752296 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated intestinal disease consisting of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Inflammatory bowel disease is believed to be developed as a result of interactions between environmental, immune-mediated and microbial factors in a genetically susceptible host. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have aided the identification of consistent alterations of the gut microbiome in patients with IBD. Preclinical and murine models have also shed light on the role of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in IBD. These findings have stimulated interest in development of non-invasive microbial and metabolite biomarkers for predicting disease risk, disease progression, recurrence after surgery and responses to therapeutics. This review briefly summarizes the current evidence on the role of gut microbiome in IBD pathogenesis and mainly discusses the latest literature on the utilization of potential microbial biomarkers in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zheng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qianru Sun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingwan Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Di Brizzi EV, Rocco A, Babino G, Buononato D, Argenziano G, Balato A. Evaluation of the Role of Faecal Calprotectin in the Management of Psoriatic Patients under Treatment with Biologic Drugs. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112968. [PMID: 36428539 PMCID: PMC9687727 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fecal calprotectin has emerged as a significant, validated, and non-invasive biomarker allowing for the evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease. Our study assessed the reliability of the use of faecal calprotectin as a valuable tool in the management of psoriatic patients on biological therapy. Methods: This was a single-centre prospective study including adult patients affected by moderate-to-severe psoriasis starting biological therapy. Faecal calprotectin levels were evaluated at baseline and at week 24 (W24) of treatment in all enrolled patients. Results: Overall, 129 patients were enrolled. The mean baseline faecal calprotectin levels were 74.7 μg/g and a significant reduction was detected at W24 of biological therapy (57.5 μg/g). An analysis of faecal CP values stratified by therapy type was performed. No significant reduction was assessed at W24 for any of the anti-IL17 drugs, whereas a significant reduction was detected for all IL23 inhibitors. Conclusions: Our study showed the potential use of faecal CP levels as a valuable tool for exploring intestinal inflammation in the management of psoriatic patients undergoing treatment with biologic drugs.
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Inciarte-Mundo J, Frade-Sosa B, Sanmartí R. From bench to bedside: Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) as a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1001025. [PMID: 36405711 PMCID: PMC9672845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A9/S100A8 (calprotectin), a member of the S100 protein family, has been shown to play a pivotal role in innate immunity activation. Calprotectin plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as it triggers chemotaxis, phagocyte migration and modulation of neutrophils and macrophages. Higher calprotectin levels have been found in synovial fluid, plasma, and serum from RA patients. Recent studies have demonstrated better correlations between serum or plasma calprotectin and composite inflammatory disease activity indexes than c-reactive protein (CRP) or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Calprotectin serum levels decreased after treatment, independently of the DMARD type or strategy. Calprotectin has shown the strongest correlations with other sensitive techniques to detect inflammation, such as ultrasound. Calprotectin independently predicts radiographic progression. However, its value as a biomarker of treatment response and flare after tapering is unclear. This update reviews the current understanding of calprotectin in RA and discusses possible applications as a biomarker in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Inciarte-Mundo
- Biological aggression and Response Mechanisms, Inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Frade-Sosa
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sanmartí
- Biological aggression and Response Mechanisms, Inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,*Correspondence: Raimon Sanmartí,
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Saviano A, Candelli M, Zanza C, Piccioni A, Migneco A, Ojetti V. Gastrointestinal Involvement in Extra-Digestive Disease: Which Is the Role of Fecal Calprotectin? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58101384. [PMID: 36295545 PMCID: PMC9608771 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a very sensitive marker of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Its clinical utility can be appreciated in both intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests a link between intestinal inflammation and dermatological, rheumatic and neurological diseases. This review focuses on the role of FC in non-gastrointestinal disease, such as rheumatic, dermatologic, neurologic and last but not least SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Saviano
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Migneco
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Policlinico Gemelli/IRCCS University of Catholic of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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New Faecal Calprotectin Assay by IDS: Validation and Comparison to DiaSorin Method. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102338. [PMID: 36292026 PMCID: PMC9600005 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The faecal calprotectin (FC) measurement is used for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of this study was to validate for the first time the new IDS FC extraction device and immunoassay kit, and to compare it with the DiaSorin test in patients with and without IBD. Methods: First, the precision of the IDS assay and its stability were assessed. Then, 379 stool extracts were analysed with the IDS kit on iSYS and compared with a DiaSorin Liaison XL assay. Results: The intra- and inter-assay CVs did not exceed 5%. The stool samples were stable up to 4 weeks at −20 °C. Lot-to-lot comparison showed a good correlation (Lot1 = 1.06 × Lot2 + 0.60; p > 0.05). The Passing and Bablok regression showed no significant deviation from linearity between the two methods (IDS = 1.06 × DiaSorin − 0.6; p > 0.05; concordance correlation coefficient = 0.93). According to the recommended cut-offs, the IDS assay identified more IBD and irritable bowel syndrome patients than DiaSorin, which had more borderline results (16 vs. 20%, respectively). Conclusions: The IDS faecal calprotectin had good analytical validation parameters. Compared to the DiaSorin method, it showed comparable results, but slightly outperformed it in the identification of more IBD patients and active disease.
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Wang S, Su M, Lin J, Zhang L, Li J, Tian Y, Qiu W. S100A8/A9, an Upregulated Host Factor in BK Virus Infection after Kidney Transplantation, Is Associated with Allograft Function Impairment. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2356-2366. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sixu Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
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