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Paramasivam G, Palem VV, Meenakshy S, Suresh LK, Gangopadhyay M, Antherjanam S, Sundramoorthy AK. Advances on carbon nanomaterials and their applications in medical diagnosis and drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:114032. [PMID: 38905812 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials are indispensable due to their unique properties of high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal stability, which makes them important nanomaterials in biomedical applications and waste management. Limitations of conventional nanomaterials, such as limited surface area, difficulty in fine tuning electrical or thermal properties and poor dispersibility, calls for the development of advanced nanomaterials to overcome such limitations. Commonly, carbon nanomaterials were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), laser ablation or arc discharge methods. The advancement in these techniques yielded monodispersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and allows p-type and n-type doping to enhance its electrical and catalytic activities. The functionalized CNTs showed exceptional mechanical, electrical and thermal conductivity (3500-5000 W/mK) properties. On the other hand, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) exhibit strong photoluminescence properties with high quantum yield. Carbon nanohorns are another fascinating type of nanomaterial that exhibit a unique structure with high surface area and excellent adsorption properties. These carbon nanomaterials could improve waste management by adsorbing pollutants from water and soil, enabling precise environmental monitoring, while enhancing wastewater treatment and drug delivery systems. Herein, we have discussed the potentials of all these carbon nanomaterials in the context of innovative waste management solutions, fostering cleaner environments and healthier ecosystems for diverse biomedical applications such as biosensing, drug delivery, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Paramasivam
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India.
| | - Vishnu Vardhan Palem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641022 India
| | - Simi Meenakshy
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India
| | - Lakshmi Krishnaa Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India
| | - Moumita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India
| | - Santhy Antherjanam
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, No.162, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India.
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Jia G, Zhang Y, Yu JC, Guo Z. Asymmetric Atomic Dual-Sites for Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403153. [PMID: 39039977 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Atomically dispersed active sites in a photocatalyst offer unique advantages such as locally tuned electronic structures, quantum size effects, and maximum utilization of atomic species. Among these, asymmetric atomic dual-sites are of particular interest because their asymmetric charge distribution generates a local built-in electric potential to enhance charge separation and transfer. Moreover, the dual sites provide flexibility for tuning complex multielectron and multireaction pathways, such as CO2 reduction reactions. The coordination of dual sites opens new possibilities for engineering the structure-activity-selectivity relationship. This comprehensive overview discusses efficient and sustainable photocatalysis processes in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, focusing on strategic active-site design and future challenges. It serves as a timely reference for the design and development of photocatalytic conversion processes, specifically exploring the utilization of asymmetric atomic dual-sites for complex photocatalytic conversion pathways, here exemplified by the conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangri Jia
- Department of Chemistry and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingchuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jimmy C Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
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Majdoub M, Sengottuvelu D, Nouranian S, Al-Ostaz A. Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (g-C 3N 4 QDs): From Chemistry to Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301462. [PMID: 38433108 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Since their emergence in 2014, graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C3N4 QDs) have attracted much interest from the scientific community due to their distinctive physicochemical features, including structural, morphological, electrochemical, and optoelectronic properties. Owing to their desirable characteristics, such as non-zero band gap, ability to be chemically functionalized or doped, possessing tunable properties, outstanding dispersibility in different media, and biocompatibility, g-C3N4 QDs have shown promise for photocatalysis, energy devices, sensing, bioimaging, solar cells, optoelectronics, among other applications. As these fields are rapidly evolving, it is very strenuous to pinpoint the emerging challenges of the g-C3N4 QDs development and application during the last decade, mainly due to the lack of critical reviews of the innovations in the g-C3N4 QDs synthesis pathways and domains of application. Herein, an extensive survey is conducted on the g-C3N4 QDs synthesis, characterization, and applications. Scenarios for the future development of g-C3N4 QDs and their potential applications are highlighted and discussed in detail. The provided critical section suggests a myriad of opportunities for g-C3N4 QDs, especially for their synthesis and functionalization, where a combination of eco-friendly/single step synthesis and chemical modification may be used to prepare g-C3N4 QDs with, for example, enhanced photoluminescence and production yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Majdoub
- Center for Graphene Research and Innovation, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Dineshkumar Sengottuvelu
- Center for Graphene Research and Innovation, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Sasan Nouranian
- Center for Graphene Research and Innovation, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Ostaz
- Center for Graphene Research and Innovation, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
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Wu S, Yan M, Wu Y, Wu Y, Lan X, Cheng J, Zhao W. Designing a photocatalytic and self-renewed g-C 3N 4 nanosheet/poly-Schiff base composite coating towards long-term biofouling resistance. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38953849 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00550c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Inhibiting the adhesion and growth of marine microorganisms through photocatalysis is a potentially efficient and environmentally friendly antifouling strategy. However, the undesired "shading effect" caused by resin coatings and microbial deposition reduces the utilization of the catalysts and leads to a failure in the antifouling active substance on the coating surface. Here, we successfully developed a composite coating (DPC-x) combining g-C3N4 nanosheet (g-C-NS) photocatalysts with degradable green poly-Schiff base resins, which integrates the dual functions of enhanced dynamic self-renewal and photocatalytic antibacterial activities towards long-term anti-biofouling. The controllable and complete degradability of the poly-Schiff base polymer chains and the self-renewal mechanism of the DPC-x coating exposed the internal g-C-NS, which provided a constant stream of photocatalytic reactive interfaces for 100% utilization and release of the photocatalysts. g-C-NS were homogeneously dispersed in the degradable resin coating, significantly enhancing and adjusting the self-renewal rate of the poly-Schiff base resin coating in visible light. The degradation reaction rate of DPC-0.2 (20 wt% g-C-NS) was 40 times that of DPC, thus improving the capabilities of surface self-renewal and fouling-release. Due to the synergistic antifouling mechanism of the efficient antibacterial properties and the enhanced degradation/self-renewal, the antimicrobial rates of DPC and DPC-0.2 were 94.58% and 99.31% in the dark, and 98.2% and 99.87% in visible light. DPC-x has excellent all-weather antimicrobial efficacy and could offer a new perspective on eco-friendly marine antifouling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minglong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yinghao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yangmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Xijian Lan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
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Guo J, Gao B, Li Q, Wang S, Shang Y, Duan X, Xu X. Size-Dependent Catalysis in Fenton-like Chemistry: From Nanoparticles to Single Atoms. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403965. [PMID: 38655917 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
State-of-the-art Fenton-like reactions are crucial in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for water purification. This review explores the latest advancements in heterogeneous metal-based catalysts within AOPs, covering nanoparticles (NPs), single-atom catalysts (SACs), and ultra-small atom clusters. A distinct connection between the physical properties of these catalysts, such as size, degree of unsaturation, electronic structure, and oxidation state, and their impacts on catalytic behavior and efficacy in Fenton-like reactions. In-depth comparative analysis of metal NPs and SACs is conducted focusing on how particle size variations and metal-support interactions affect oxidation species and pathways. The review highlights the cutting-edge characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, indispensable for deciphering the complex electronic and structural characteristics of active sites in downsized metal particles. Additionally, the review underscores innovative strategies for immobilizing these catalysts onto membrane surfaces, offering a solution to the inherent challenges of powdered catalysts. Recent advances in pilot-scale or engineering applications of Fenton-like-based devices are also summarized for the first time. The paper concludes by charting new research directions, emphasizing advanced catalyst design, precise identification of reactive oxygen species, and in-depth mechanistic studies. These efforts aim to enhance the application potential of nanotechnology-based AOPs in real-world wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirui Guo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Yanan Shang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Xing Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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Wen F, Liu S, Huang X, Pang L, Li C, Liu H. Photocatalytic Synthesis of Ammonia from Hollow Coral-Like Graphitic Carbon Nitride/FeOCl Loaded with Fe-1T MoS 2 Nanosheets as Cocatalysts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12207-12215. [PMID: 38822806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic ammonia synthesis (PAS) represents an emerging environmentally friendly approach to ammonia production. In this work, we employed Fe doping to modify the cocatalyst 1T MoS2, enhancing the active N2 sites on Fe-1T MoS2 by inducing defects on the surface of 1T MoS2. Afterward, Fe-1T MoS2 was loaded onto a hollow coral-like graphitic carbon nitride (CCN)/FeOCl composite. Under simulated sunlight, the efficiency of 5% Fe-1T MoS2@CCN/FeOCl (Fe-MCN/FeOCl) reached 367.62 μmol g-1 h-1, surpassing 1T MoS2@CCN(MCN) by 3.2 times, CCN by 16.9 times, and g-C3N4 by 32.5 times, where 5% means the doping amount of Fe in 1T MoS2. The good performance of Fe MCN/FeOCl should be attributed to the Fe doping in Fe-MCN/FeOCl which not only increases the separation efficiency of active sites and charge carriers, but also reduces the sample impedance significantly through the heterojunction formed between CCN and FeOCl. This work also presents a method for creating more efficient and stable photocatalysts for ammonia synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shichuang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Le Pang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Changdi Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Hu Z, Huang J, Yang S, Li H. High-efficiency photocatalytic CO 2 reduction enabled by interfacial Ov and isolated Ti 3+ of g-C 3N 4/TiO 2 Z-scheme heterojunction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:891-901. [PMID: 38447403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the real force that drives the separation of Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs in the interface of heterojunction photocatalysts can establish a clear mechanism for efficient solar energy conversion efficiency. Herein, the formation of oxygen vacancy (Ov) and isolated Ti3+ was precisely regulated at the interface of g-C3N4/TiO2 Z-scheme heterojunction (g-C3N4/Ov-Ti3+-TiO2) by optimizing the opening degree of the calcination system, showing excellent production rate of CO and CH4 from CO2 photoreduction under visible light. This photocatalytic system also exhibited prominent stability. Combining theoretical calculation and characterization, the introduction of Ov and isolated Ti3+ on the interface could construct a charge transfer channel to break the forbidden transition of n → π*, improving the separation process of photoexcited electron-hole pairs. The photoexcited electrons weakened the covalent interaction of CO bonds to promote the activation of adsorbed inert CO2 molecules, significantly reducing the energy barrier of the rate-limiting step during CO2 reduction. This work demonstrates the great application potential of reasonably regulating heterojunction interface for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jinshu Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Song Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
| | - Hu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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Michalska M, Pavlovsky J, Simha Martynkova G, Kratosova G, Hornok V, Nagy PB, Novak V, Szabo T. Comparative study of photocatalysis with bulk and nanosheet graphitic carbon nitrides enhanced with silver. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11512. [PMID: 38769357 PMCID: PMC11106318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, g-CN) in both bulk and nanosheet forms, which have been surface-modified with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), as photocatalysts for the degradation of acid orange 7 (AO7), a model dye. The photodegradation of AO7 dye molecules in water was used to test the potential photocatalytic properties of these powder materials under two different lamps with wavelengths of 368 nm (UV light) and 420 nm (VIS light). To produce Ag NPs (Ag content 0.5, 1.5, and 3 wt%) on the g-CN materials, a new synthesis route based on a wet and low-temperature method was proposed, eliminating the need for reducing agents. The photodegradation activity of the samples increased with increasing silver content, with the best photocatalytic performances achieved for bulk g-CN samples and nanosheet silver-modified samples (with the highest content of 3 wt% Ag) under UV light, i.e., more than 75% and 78%, respectively. The VIS-induced photocatalytic activity of both examined series was higher than that of UV. The highest activities of 92% and 98% were achieved for the 1.5% Ag-modified g-CN bulk and nanosheet materials. This research presents an innovative, affordable, and environmentally friendly chemical approach to synthesizing photocatalysts that can be used for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Michalska
- Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Pavlovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Grazyna Simha Martynkova
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Kratosova
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Viktoria Hornok
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér. 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Peter B Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér. 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Vlastimil Novak
- Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tamas Szabo
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér. 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
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Liu K, You Q, Jawed R, Han D, Miao Y, Gu X, Dong J, Butch CJ, Wang Y. Purine-Doped g-C 3N 4-Modified Fabrics for Personal Protective Masks with Rapid and Sustained Antibacterial Activity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2911-2923. [PMID: 38619913 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Protective masks are critical to impeding microorganism transmission but can propagate infection via pathogen buildup and face touching. To reduce this liability, we integrated electrospun photocatalytic graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanoflakes into standard surgical masks to confer a self-sanitization capacity. By optimizing the purine/melamine precursor ratio during synthesis, we reduced the g-C3N4 band gap from 2.92 to 2.05 eV, eliciting a 4× increase in sterilizing hydrogen peroxide production under visible light. This narrower band gap enables robust photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species from environmental and breath humidity to swiftly eliminate accumulated microbes. Under ambient sunlight, the g-C3N4 nanocomposite mask layer achieved a 97% reduction in the bacterial viability during typical use. Because the optimized band gap also allows photocatalytic activity under shadowless lamp illumination, the self-cleaning functionality could mitigate infection risk from residual pathogens in routine hospital settings. Both g-C3N4 and polycaprolactone demonstrate favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability, making this approach preferable over current commercially available metal-based options. Given the abundance and low cost of these components, this scalable approach could expand global access to reusable self-sanitizing protective masks, serving as a sustainable public health preparedness measure against future pandemics, especially in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rohil Jawed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yufei Miao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junming Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Christopher J Butch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhu C, Xiao X, Wang X, Ma Z, Han Y. Lignin-modified graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes for photocatalytic H 2O 2 production and degradation of brilliant black BN. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131533. [PMID: 38608988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
As a renewable aromatic compound with enormous production potential, lignin has various potential high-value utilization pathways, but the success achieved in the field of photocatalysis is limited. Herein, this work prepares a new type of photocatalyst by modifying Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotubes (CNT) with self-assembled lignin nanospheres for the photocatalytic production of H2O2 and the degradation of azo dyes. Under light conditions, lignin enhances the production of H2O2 through oxygen reduction and collaborates with carbon nitride tubes to generate O2- and 1O2. Furthermore, carbon nitride tubes form electron-rich regions with lignin, promoting the transfer of electrons from adsorbed aromatic pollutants to this region, thereby facilitating their degradation. The experimental results indicate that the addition of 5 % lignin significantly enhances the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of azo dyes, with a degradation rate 1.87 times higher than that of the original carbon nitride tubes. Furthermore, CNL also have excellent degradation ability to pollutants in actual wastewater. This study provides new insights and prospects for the high-value utilization of lignin, enabling it to be used as a photocatalytic co-catalyst to participate in the photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- The Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Paper and Pulp Engineering, The Key Laboratory of High Value Utilization of Botanical Resources of China, Light Industry College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- The Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Paper and Pulp Engineering, The Key Laboratory of High Value Utilization of Botanical Resources of China, Light Industry College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xing Wang
- The Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Paper and Pulp Engineering, The Key Laboratory of High Value Utilization of Botanical Resources of China, Light Industry College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zihao Ma
- The Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Paper and Pulp Engineering, The Key Laboratory of High Value Utilization of Botanical Resources of China, Light Industry College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Ying Han
- The Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Paper and Pulp Engineering, The Key Laboratory of High Value Utilization of Botanical Resources of China, Light Industry College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
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11
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Luo X, Zhai Y, Wang P, Tian B, Liu S, Li J, Yang C, Strehmel V, Li S, Matyjaszewski K, Yilmaz G, Strehmel B, Chen Z. Light-Mediated Polymerization Catalyzed by Carbon Nanomaterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316431. [PMID: 38012084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials, specifically carbon dots and carbon nitrides, play a crucial role as heterogeneous photoinitiators in both radical and cationic polymerization processes. These recently introduced materials offer promising solutions to the limitations of current homogeneous systems, presenting a novel approach to photopolymerization. This review highlights the preparation and photocatalytic performance of these nanomaterials, emphasizing their application in various polymerization techniques, including photoinduced i) free radical, ii) RAFT, iii) ATRP, and iv) cationic photopolymerization. Additionally, it discusses their potential in addressing contemporary challenges and explores prospects in this field. Moreover, carbon nitrides, in particular, exhibit exceptional oxygen tolerance, underscoring their significance in radical polymerization processes and allowing their applications such as 3D printing, surface modification of coatings, and hydrogel engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Bing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
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12
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Shao M, Shao Y, Pan H. Progress on enhancing the charge separation efficiency of carbon nitride for robust photocatalytic H 2 production. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11243-11262. [PMID: 38567551 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06333j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Solar-driven H2 production from water splitting with efficient photocatalysts is a sustainable strategy to meet the clean energy demand and alleviate the approaching environmental issues caused by fossil fuel consumption. Among various semiconductor-based photocatalysts, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted much attention due to its advantages of long term-stability, visible light response, low cost, and easy preparation. However, the intrinsic Coulombic attraction between charge carriers and the interlayer electrostatic barrier of bulk g-C3N4 result in severe charge recombination and low charge separation efficiency. This perspective summarizes the recent progress in the development of g-C3N4 photocatalytic systems, and focuses on three main modification strategies for promoting charge transfer and minimizing charge recombination, including structural modulation, heterojunction construction, and cocatalyst loading. Based on this progress, we provide conclusions regarding the current challenges of further improving photocatalytic efficiency to fulfill commercial requirements, and propose some recommendations for the design of novel and satisfactory g-C3N4 photocatalysts, which is expected to progress the solar-to-hydrogen conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Yangfan Shao
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
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13
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Wu Z, Xie Z, Zhu Y, Wang B, Nie Y, Qiu J, Le Z. Solvent-regulated self-assembled carbon nitride for photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) in water. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:651-664. [PMID: 38430372 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Manufacturing high-performance and reusable materials from radioactive uranium-containing wastewater remains a significant challenge. Herein, a supramolecular self-assembly strategy was proposed, using melamine and cyanuric acid as precursors and using intermolecular hydrogen bond force to form carbon nitride (CN-D) in different solvents through a single thermal polymerization strategy. Supramolecular self-assembly method is a promising strategy to synthesize a novel carbon nitride with molecular regulatory properties. In addition, 98% of U(VI) in wastewater can be removed by using CN-D for 60 min under visible light. After five cycles of recycling, more than 95% of U(VI) can still be reduced, indicating that it has good recyclability and reusability. This study not only provides an efficient photocatalytic method of uranium reduction, but also provides a new method for self-assembly synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Zongbo Xie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Ye'an Zhu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Yidan Nie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Jialin Qiu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Zhanggao Le
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
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14
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Wang S, Wang J. The correlation between electron exchange capacity of Fenton-like heterogeneous catalyst and catalytic activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141587. [PMID: 38494002 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Electron transfer played key role in peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts (HFCs). However, the relationship between electron exchange capacity (EEC) and catalytic activity of HFCs has not been elucidated. Herein, thirteen HFCs reported in our previous studies were selected to measure their EEC via electrochemical methods and to investigate the correlation between EEC and catalytic activity for PMS. The results show that nitrogen-doped graphene oxide had much higher EEC (5.299 mM(e) g-1), followed by reduced graphene oxide (3.23 mM(e) g-1), nitrogen-doped biochar-700 (2.032 mM(e) g-1), graphene oxdie (1.789 mM(e) g-1), nitrogen-doped biochar-300 (1.15 mM(e) g-1), g-C3N4 (0.752 mM(e) g-1) and biochar (0.351 mM(e) g-1). For carbon materials, their catalytic activity was not determined by electron donor capacity (EDC), electron acceptor capacity (EAC) and EEC (EDC + EAC), but was linear correlation with |EDC-EAC| that can characterize the extent of HFCs reacting with PMS. The higher the |EDC-EAC| is, the higher the catalytic activity of HFCs is. For carbonaceous materials, their catalytic activity was not proportional to EAC, but had good linear correlation with EDC and |EDC-EAC|. The discrepancy between carbon materials and carbonaceous materials could be due to the different activation mechanisms. Further analysis found that there was no correlation between EEC and the reactive species derived from PMS, indicating that the produced reactive species was not only controlled by EEC. This study firstly elucidated the correlation between EEC and catalytic activity of HFCs, and |EDC-EAC| could be used as an index for evaluating the catalytic activity of HFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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15
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Zeng Y, Deng J, Zhou N, Xia W, Wang Z, Song B, Wang Z, Yang Y, Xu X, Zeng G, Zhou C. Mediated Peroxymonosulfate Activation at the Single Atom Fe-N 3 O 1 Sites: Synergistic Degradation of Antibiotics by Two Non-Radical Pathways. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311552. [PMID: 38501866 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The activation of persulfates to degrade refractory organic pollutants is a hot issue in advanced oxidation right now. Here, it is reported that single-atom Fe-incorporated carbon nitride (Fe-CN-650) can effectively activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal. Through some characterization techniques and DFT calculation, it is proved that Fe single atoms in Fe-CN-650 exist mainly in the form of Fe-N3 O1 coordination, and Fe-N3 O1 exhibited better affinity for PMS than the traditional Fe-N4 structure. The degradation rate constant of SMX in the Fe-CN-650/PMS system reached 0.472 min-1 , and 90.80% of SMX can still be effectively degraded within 10 min after five consecutive recovery cycles. The radical quenching experiment and electrochemical analysis confirm that the pollutants are mainly degraded by two non-radical pathways through 1 O2 and Fe(IV)═O induced at the Fe-N3 O1 sites. In addition, the intermediate products of SMX degradation in the Fe-CN-650/PMS system show toxicity attenuation or non-toxicity. This study offers valuable insights into the design of carbon-based single-atom catalysts and provides a potential remediation technology for the optimum activation of PMS to disintegrate organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jie Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wu Xia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xing Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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16
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Zhou X, Zhang L, Liu H, Yang Q, Zhu S, Wu H, Ohno T, Zhang Y, Wang T, Su D, Wang C. The powerful combination of 2D/2D Ni-MOF/carbon nitride for deep desulfurization of thiophene in fuel: Conversion route, DFT calculation, mechanism. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:627-638. [PMID: 38134671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
2D/2D Ni-MOF/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was utilized for desulfurization. The multilayer pore structure and high specific surface area of Ni-MOF/g-C3N4 promote the adsorption and conversion of thiophene. In addition, the two-dimensional structure exposes more active centers and shortens photogenerated carrier migration to the material surface distance, it enhances photogenerated charge transfer. The Ni-MOF and g-C3N4 construct a Z-scheme heterojunction structure with tight contact, it effectively enhances the material's photocatalytic redox ability. In the light, the material generates more photocarriers for the production of free radicals including hydroxyl radicals, holes, and superoxide radicals. The higher carrier concentration of Ni-MOF/g-C3N4 promotes the activation and oxidation of thiophene, consequently enhancing the photocatalytic desulfurization capability. The results showed that the conversion of thiophene was 98.82 % in 3 h under visible light irradiation. Radical capture experiments and analysis using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated that superoxide radicals, holes, and hydroxyl radicals played crucial roles in PODS (photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization). In addition, DFT (density functional theory) calculations were conducted to determine the paths of electron migration and TH (thiophene) adsorption energy. Finally, a mechanism for photocatalytic desulfurization was proposed based on the comprehensive analysis of theoretical calculations and experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Hang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Haonan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Teruhisa Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Dawei Su
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Chengyin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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17
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Li T, Lai B, Liu J, Yuan S, Liu N, Zhao X, Luo X, Yu D, Zhao Y. Small variation induces a big difference: the effect of polymerization kinetics of graphitic carbon nitride on its photocatalytic activity. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4010-4019. [PMID: 38315559 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00042k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has emerged as a promising visible-light-responsive photocatalyst, and its activity is highly sensitive to synthesis conditions. In this work, we attempt to correlate the photocatalytic activity of g-CN with its production yield, which is kinetically determined by the specific condensation process. Bulk g-CN samples were synthesized by the conventional condensation procedure, but in static air and flowing air, respectively. The one synthesized in static air showed a lower production yield with an increased specific surface area and preferential surface chemical states, corresponding to a significantly improved activity for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) and dye degradation. We further synthesized a series of g-CN samples by merely changing the synthetic atmosphere, the ramping rate, and the loading amount of the precursor, and the difference in their PHE performance was found to be as high as 7.05 times. The notable changes in their production yields as well as the photocatalytic activities have been discussed from the point of view of polymerization reaction kinetics, and the self-generated NH3 atmosphere plays a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Shuangtao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao 066102, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xiaoguang Luo
- Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dongli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Yuanchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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18
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Cong X, Li A, Guo F, Qin H, Zhang X, Wang W, Xu W. Construction of CdS@g-C 3N 4 heterojunction photocatalyst for highly efficient degradation of gaseous toluene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169777. [PMID: 38176568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Exploring efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of VOCs under visible light is a challenge. CdS@g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalytic materials were developed in this study using a microwave-assisted sol-gel process. CdS@g-C3N4(0.2) photocatalyzed the maximum degradation of gaseous toluene under visible light irradiation, and the time required to achieve the same degradation rate was reduced by 270 min when compared to pure CdS. The morphological characterization, photoelectric property analysis, and DFT calculations all verified that the CdS nanoparticles were uniformly disseminated on the surface of g-C3N4, and that the interfaces were closely contacted to form a heterojunction interface with a built-in field. This enhances charge transfer from CdS to g-C3N4 while successfully decreasing electron-hole pair recombination caused by light. Furthermore, the energy band structure was altered to absorb longer wavelengths of light and extend the absorption spectral range, improving the photocatalytic material's efficacy for broad-spectrum light such as sunshine. This paper proposes methods for predicting and optimizing the surface structure of catalysts, as well as developing high-performance multi-heterojunction photocatalysts for the degradation of indoor VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhang Cong
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Anming Li
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Feng Guo
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
| | - Haotong Qin
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Wenzhuang Wang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Wenling Xu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
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19
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Ren Y, Xu Y. Recent advances in two-dimensional polymers: synthesis, assembly and energy-related applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1823-1869. [PMID: 38192222 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00782k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) are a class of 2D crystalline polymer materials with definite structures, which have outstanding physical-chemical and electronic properties. They cleverly link organic building units through strong covalent bonds and can construct functional 2DPs through reasonable design and selection of different monomer units to meet various application requirements. As promising energy materials, 2DPs have developed rapidly in recent years. This review first introduces the basic overview of 2DPs, such as their historical development, inherent 2D characteristics and diversified topological advantages, followed by the summary of the typical 2DP synthesis methods recently (including "top-down" and "bottom-up" methods). The latest research progress in assembly and processing of 2DPs and the energy-related applications in energy storage and conversion are also discussed. Finally, we summarize and prospect the current research status, existing challenges, and future research directions of 2DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ren
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
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20
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Liang H, Zeng Z, Qiao Z, Li Y, Wang C. The heterointerface effect to boost the catalytic performance of single atom catalysts for sulfur conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5858-5867. [PMID: 38305023 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05883b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered as one of the promising next-generation energy storage devices due to their characteristics of high energy density and low cost. However, the shuttle effect and sluggish conversion of lithium polysulfide (LiPs) have hindered their commercial applications. To address these issues, in our previous works, we have screened several highly efficient single atom catalysts (SACs) (MN4@G, M = V, Mo and W) with atomically dispersed transition metal atoms supported by nitrogen doped graphene based on high throughput calculations. Nevertheless, they still suffer from low loading of metal centers and unsatisfactory capability for accelerating the reaction kinetics. To tackle such problems, based on first-principles calculations, we systematically investigated the heterointerface effect on the catalytic performance of such three MN4@G toward sulfur conversion upon forming heterostructures with 5 typical two-dimensional materials of TiS2, C3N4, BN, graphene and reduced graphene oxide. Guided by efficient descriptors proposed in our previous work, we screened VN4@G/TiS2, MoN4@G/TiS2 and WN4@G/TiS2 possessing low Li2S decomposition barriers of 0.54, 0.44 and 0.41 eV, respectively. They also possess enhanced capabilities for catalyzing the sulfur reduction reaction as well as stabilizing soluble LiPs. More interestingly, the heterointerface can enhance the capability of the carbon atoms far away from the metal centers for trapping LiPs. This work shows that introducing a heterointerface is a promising strategy to boost the performance of SACs in Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikuan Liang
- State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihao Zeng
- State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengping Qiao
- State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Li
- State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengxin Wang
- State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Zhang X, Wu F, Li G, Wang L, Huang J, Song A, Meng A, Li Z. Construction of intramolecular donor-acceptor type carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen production. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:439-450. [PMID: 37951001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
High-efficiency photocatalysts based on organic polymeric semiconductor are often limited by slow charge separation kinetics and sluggish redox reaction dynamics. Herein, the donor-acceptor conjugated polymeric carbon nitride (D/A-CN) was synthesized by grafting benzene ring and pyridine moiety into the backbone of CN through a flexible pyrolysis strategy. The D/A-CN shows a high photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 4795 µmol·h-1·g-1, which is ≈6.08 times higher than that of pristine CN (787.5 µmol·h-1·g-1). Both experimental and theoretical results confirm that the robust internal electric field is established in the D/A-CN framework due to the enhanced molecular dipole, which apply a kinetic force to facilitate the separation and mobility of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the deeper conduction band potential caused by the elevated orbital energy level of D/A-CN contributes to the enhanced reduction ability of photoinduced electron. Consequently, the faster carrier transfer kinetics and the stronger thermodynamic reduction driving force synergistically lead to efficient photocatalytic H2 production of D/A-CN. This work reinforces the comprehension of the structure-performance relationship of donor-acceptor structural photocatalysts and provides an insight for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of polymeric photocatalysts at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Guicun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Manufacture of Ceramic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Aili Song
- Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Alan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
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22
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Wang J, Wang S, Hu C. Advanced treatment of coking wastewater: Recent advances and prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140923. [PMID: 38092162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Advanced treatment of refractory industrial wastewater is still a challenge. Coking wastewater is one of coal chemical wastewater, which contains various refractory organic pollutants. To meet the more and more rigorous discharge standard and increase the reuse ratio of coking wastewater, advanced treatment process must be set for treating the biologically treated coking wastewater. To date, several advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including Fenton, ozone, persulfate-based oxidation, and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, have been applied for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater. However, the performance of different advanced treatment processes changed greatly, depending on the components of coking wastewater and the unique characteristics of advanced treatment processes. In this review article, the state-of-the-art advanced treatment process of coking wastewater was systematically summarized and analyzed. Firstly, the major organic pollutants in the secondary effluents of coking wastewater was briefly introduced, to better understand the characteristics of the biologically treated coking wastewater. Then, the performance of various advanced treatment processes, including physiochemical methods, biological methods, advanced oxidation methods and combined methods were discussed for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater in detail. Finally, the conclusions and remarks were provided. This review will be helpful for the proper selection of advanced treatment processes and promote the development of advanced treatment processes for coking wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Shizong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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23
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Tian C, Yu H, Zhai R, Zhang J, Gao C, Qi K, Zhang Y, Ma Q, Guo M. Visible Light Photoactivity of g-C 3N 4/MoS 2 Nanocomposites for Water Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium. Molecules 2024; 29:637. [PMID: 38338381 PMCID: PMC10856395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Water pollution has becoming an increasingly serious issue, and it has attracted a significant amount of attention from scholars. Here, in order remove heavy metal hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from wastewater, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was modified with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) at different mass ratios via an ultrasonic method to synthesize g-C3N4/MoS2 (CNM) nanocomposites as photocatalysts. The nanocomposites displayed efficient photocatalytic removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from water under UV, solar, and visible light irradiation. The CNM composite with a 1:2 g-C3N4 to MoS2 ratio achieved optimal 91% Cr (VI) removal efficiency at an initial 20 mg/L Cr (VI) concentration and pH 3 after 120 min visible light irradiation. The results showed a high pH range and good recycling stability. The g-C3N4/MoS2 nanocomposites exhibited higher performance compared to pure g-C3N4 due to the narrowed band gap of the Z-scheme heterojunction structure and effective separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, as evidenced by structural and optical characterization. Overall, the ultrasonic synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalysts shows promise as an efficient technique for enhancing heavy metal wastewater remediation under solar and visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Tian
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Huijuan Yu
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Ruiqi Zhai
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Cuiping Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Kezhen Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China;
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (C.T.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Microbial Remediation Technology of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Mengxue Guo
- Resources and Environment Institute, Yunnan Land and Resources Vocational College, Kunming 652501, China;
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24
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Li B, Zheng X, Kim S, Wang X, Jiang F, Li R, Joo SW, Cong C, Li X. Fully printed non-contact touch sensors based on GCN/PDMS composites: enabling over-the-bottom detection, 3D recognition, and wireless transmission. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024; 25:2311635. [PMID: 38361533 PMCID: PMC10868416 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2311635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement in intelligent bionics has elevated electronic skin to a pivotal component in bionic robots, enabling swift responses to diverse external stimuli. Combining wearable touch sensors with IoT technology lays the groundwork for achieving the versatile functionality of electronic skin. However, most current touch sensors rely on capacitive layer deformations induced by pressure, leading to changes in capacitance values. Unfortunately, sensors of this kind often face limitations in practical applications due to their uniform sensing capabilities. This study presents a novel approach by incorporating graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at a low concentration. Surprisingly, this blend of materials with higher dielectric constants yields composite films with lower dielectric constants, contrary to expectations. Unlike traditional capacitive sensors, our non-contact touch sensors exploit electric field interference between the object and the sensor's edge, with enhanced effects from the low dielectric constant GCN/PDMS film. Consequently, we have fabricated touch sensor grids using an array configuration of dispensing printing techniques, facilitating fast response and ultra-low-limit contact detection with finger-to-device distances ranging from 5 to 100 mm. These sensors exhibit excellent resolution in recognizing 3D object shapes and accurately detecting positional motion. Moreover, they enable real-time monitoring of array data with signal transmission over a 4G network. In summary, our proposed approach for fabricating low dielectric constant thin films, as employed in non-contact touch sensors, opens new avenues for advancing electronic skin technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiang Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianbin Zheng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - SeHyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuhao Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhao Jiang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Li
- Technology Research and Development Department, Shandong Zhongkang Guochuang Research Institute of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology Co., Ltd ., Taian, China
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenhao Cong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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25
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Yu J, Cai M, Cheng Q, Chen F, Bai JQ, Wei Y, Chen J, Sun S. Understanding the Poly (Triazine Imide) Crystals Formation Process: The Conversion from Heptazine to Triazine. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302982. [PMID: 38031382 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly (triazine imide) (PTI) generally obtained via ionothermal synthesis features extended π-conjugation and enhanced crystallinity. However, in-depth investigation of the polycondensation process for PTI is an onerous task due to multiple influencing factors and limited characterization techniques. Herein, to simplify the polymerization route and exclude non-essential factors, PTI was prepared by calcining only melamine and LiCl. This study aims to identify the pivotal role of LiCl in PTI formation, which can convert heptazine-based intermediates into more stable triazine-based PTI framework. Based on this discovery, we demonstrate the transformation process of the prepared samples from amorphous Bulk g-C3 N4 to regular PTI, and further prove that the reaction with LiCl causes disruption of heptazine covalent organic frameworks. Additionally, the PTI exhibits higher photocatalytic water splitting performance due to efficient charge carrier mobility and separation, as well as faster reaction kinetics. This discovery deepens understanding of the polycondensation process of PTI crystals and provides insights toward the rational design of crystalline carbon nitride-based semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengdie Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Qi Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuxue Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingshuai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Song Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
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26
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Ma L, Lin C, Jiang W, Yan S, Jiang H, Song X, Ai X, Cao X, Ding Y. Achieving Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution through the Construction of g-C 3N 4@PdS@Pt Nanocomposites. Molecules 2024; 29:493. [PMID: 38276572 PMCID: PMC11154439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective supported catalysts have emerged as a promising approach to enhance carrier separation, particularly in the realm of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Herein, a pioneering exploration involves the loading of PdS and Pt catalyst onto g-C3N4 nanosheets to construct g-C3N4@PdS@Pt nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of nanocomposites was evaluated under visible light and full spectrum irradiation. The results show that g-C3N4@PdS@Pt nanocomposites exhibit excellent properties. Under visible light irradiation, these nanocomposites exhibit a remarkable production rate of 1289 μmol·g-1·h-1, marking a staggering 60-fold increase compared to g-C3N4@Pt (20.9 μmol·g-1·h-1). Furthermore, when subjected to full spectrum irradiation, the hydrogen production efficiency of g-C3N4@PdS@Pt-3 nanocomposites reaches an impressive 11,438 μmol·g-1·h-1, representing an eightfold enhancement compared to g-C3N4@Pt (1452 μmol·g-1·h-1) under identical conditions. Detailed investigations into the microstructure and optical properties of g-C3N4@PdS catalysts were conducted, shedding light on the mechanisms governing photocatalytic hydrogen production. This study offers valuable insights into the potential of these nanocomposites and their pivotal role in advancing photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Ma
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shun Yan
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Huilin Jiang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiang Song
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaoqian Ai
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China;
| | - Xiaoxiao Cao
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China;
| | - Yihuan Ding
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
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27
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Haseen U, Kapoor S, Khan RA, Ahmad H, Koo BH. In Situ Fabrication and Characterization of g-C 3N 4 onto Cellulose Nanofibers and Selective Separation of Heavy Metal Ions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1620-1626. [PMID: 38222511 PMCID: PMC10785291 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets were synthesized onto cellulose nanofiber surfaces utilizing an eco-friendly salt melt approach. The fabricated material CNF@C3N4 selectively removes Ni(II) and Cu(II) from electroplating wastewater samples. The immobilization of g-C3N4 on solid substrates eases handling of nanomaterial in a flow-through approach and mitigates sorbent loss during column operations. Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, tunneling electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron microscopy were employed to analyze the surface morphology and chemical bonding within the synthesized material. Selective Cu(II) and Ni(II) sorption predominantly arises from the soft-soft interaction between metal ions and associated nitrogen groups. An inner-sphere surface complexation mechanism effectively elucidated the interaction dynamics between the metal and CNF@C3N4. Experimental findings demonstrated satisfactory separation of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, with the extraction of 340.0 and 385.0 mg g-1 of material, respectively. Additionally, the devised technique was executed for the preconcentration and quantification of trace metals ions in water samples with a detection limit and limit of quantification of 0.06 and 0.20 μg L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Haseen
- Department
of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sakshi Kapoor
- Department
of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rais Ahmad Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hilal Ahmad
- Division
of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Faculty of
Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Bon Heun Koo
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon
National University, Changwon 1140, Gyeongnam, South Korea
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Wang L, Fan Z, Yue F, Zhang S, Qin S, Luo C, Pang L, Zhao J, Du J, Jin B, Zhang H. Flower-like 3D MoS 2 microsphere/2D C 3N 4 nanosheet composite for highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of nitrite. Food Chem 2024; 430:137027. [PMID: 37517943 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite pollution poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. In this study, a reliable and selective electrochemical (EC) sensor was developed for the quantitative determination of nitrite by combining flower-like three-dimensional (3D) MoS2 microspheres with two-dimensional (2D) C3N4 nanosheets. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of MoS2 and C3N4, the 3D MoS2/2D C3N4 nanocomposite displayed numerous active sites, a 3D mesoporous structure, high conductivity and excellent catalytic activity. The 3D MoS2/2D C3N4-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited a superior electrocatalytic activity toward nitrite oxidation, with a wider linear detection range (0.1-1100 μM), a lower detection limit (LOD) (0.065 μM, S/N = 3), outstanding stability, remarkable reproducibility and strong selectivity. Furthermore, the nitrite EC sensor was successfully applied to detect actual food and environmental samples involving sausage, pickled vegetables, river water and tap water, thus demonstrating the potential of the prepared 3D MoS2/2D C3N4/GCE for food analysis and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhaoya Fan
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Feng Yue
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuo Qin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chenhao Luo
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Long Pang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Baodan Jin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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29
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Hassan AE, Elewa AM, Hussien MSA, El-Mahdy AFM, Mekhemer IMA, Yahia IS, Mohamed TA, Chou HH, Wen Z. Designing of covalent organic framework/2D g-C 3N 4 heterostructure using a simple method for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1650-1661. [PMID: 37812841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Designing heterostructure photocatalysts is a promising approach for developing highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen energy production. In this work, we synthesized a series of a covalent organic framework (COF)/g-C3N4 (CN) heterojunction photocatalysts, denoted as x % COF/CN (in which x indicates the weight % of COF and x = 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 90, 95, 100), for hydrogen production. The COF, which is a key component of the photocatalyst, was prepared by assembling benzothiadiazole (BT) and pyrene (Py) derivatives as building blocks. Integrating COF rods into the two-dimensional (2D) layered g-C3N4 structure significantly improved photocatalytic H2 production. The hybrid system (30 % COF/CN) displayed an outstanding hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 27540 ± 805 μmol g-1h-1, outperforming most known COFs and g-C3N4-based photocatalysts, besides exhibiting stable photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the apparent quantum yield (AQY) was 15.5 ± 0.8 % at 420 nm. Experimental techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the 30 % COF/CN heterostructure has broad visible-light absorption, adequate band energy levels, and the best chemical reactivity descriptors compared to the individual components, resulting in effective carrier separation and excellent performance. Our findings offer a valuable strategy for developing highly efficient and stable heterojunction photocatalysts for visible-light-driven H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Hassan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elewa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; Nuclear Chemistry Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Mai S A Hussien
- Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Biomedical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab, Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo 11757, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F M El-Mahdy
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Islam M A Mekhemer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ibrahim S Yahia
- Laboratory of Nano-Smart Materials for Science and Technology (LNSMST), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek A Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ho-Hsiu Chou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan.
| | - Zhenhai Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Kalantari Bolaghi Z, Rodriguez-Seco C, Yurtsever A, Ma D. Exploring the Remarkably High Photocatalytic Efficiency of Ultra-Thin Porous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:103. [PMID: 38202558 PMCID: PMC10781176 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a metal-free photocatalyst used for visible-driven hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, and organic pollutant degradation. In addition to the most attractive feature of visible photoactivity, its other benefits include thermal and photochemical stability, cost-effectiveness, and simple and easy-scale-up synthesis. However, its performance is still limited due to its low absorption at longer wavelengths in the visible range, and high charge recombination. In addition, the exfoliated nanosheets easily aggregate, causing the reduction in specific surface area, and thus its photoactivity. Herein, we propose the use of ultra-thin porous g-C3N4 nanosheets to overcome these limitations and improve its photocatalytic performance. Through the optimization of a novel multi-step synthetic protocol, based on an initial thermal treatment, the use of nitric acid (HNO3), and an ultrasonication step, we were able to obtain very thin and well-tuned material that yielded exceptional photodegradation performance of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation, without the need for any co-catalyst. About 96% of MO was degraded in as short as 30 min, achieving a normalized apparent reaction rate constant (k) of 1.1 × 10-2 min-1mg-1. This represents the highest k value ever reported using C3N4-based photocatalysts for MO degradation, based on our thorough literature search. Ultrasonication in acid not only prevents agglomeration of g-C3N4 nanosheets but also tunes pore size distribution and plays a key role in this achievement. We also studied their performance in a photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), achieving a production of 1842 µmol h-1 g-1. Through a profound analysis of all the samples' structure, morphology, and optical properties, we provide physical insight into the improved performance of our optimized porous g-C3N4 sample for both photocatalytic reactions. This research may serve as a guide for improving the photocatalytic activity of porous two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Seco
- Centre Énergie Materiaux et Telécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada; (Z.K.B.); (A.Y.)
| | | | - Dongling Ma
- Centre Énergie Materiaux et Telécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada; (Z.K.B.); (A.Y.)
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31
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Chen Y, Yin J, Jiang S, Zhu X, Lei Y, Xu X, Gao Y. Poly-1,3-dioxolane anchoring graphitic carbon nitride to achieve high-energy-density solid-state Li metal batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:490-499. [PMID: 37604060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state Li metal batteries (SSLMBs) are promising solutions for the next-generation energy storage devices with high energy densities and safety. Accordingly, the advanced solid-state electrolytes are further needed to address the challenges-low ionic conductivity, poor interfacial compatibility and uncontrollably Li dendrites, boosting the electrochemical and safety performances of SSLMBs. Herein, a "flexible and rigid" strategy is proposed to enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes. Specifically, the flexible poly-1,3-dioxolane (poly-DOL) and rigid graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) are coordinated by a coupling reaction to prepare g-C3N4-poly-DOL, which is further employed as the filler for the PEO matrix to fabricate a composite polymer electrolyte g-C3N4-pDOL-PEO. The flexible poly-DOL and rigid g-C3N4 together endow the PEO-based electrolyte with good interfacial stability, high ion-conductivity and strong mechanical strength. Consequently, the Li/g-C3N4-pDOL-PEO/LiFePO4 cell delivers high cyclability with a capacity retention ratio of 89.7 % after 150 cycles and an average Coulombic efficiency over 99.9 %, and, the Li/g-C3N4-pDOL-PEO/Li cell can stably cycle beyond 300 h at 0.2 mAh cm-2 with small polarization (13 mV). The "flexible and rigid" strategy coupling the polymer with the filler provides an effective electrolyte design for high-performance SSLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse of Shandong Province, Binzhou Key Laboratory of Applied Electrochemistry, College of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, PR China
| | - Junying Yin
- Engineering Research Center for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse of Shandong Province, Binzhou Key Laboratory of Applied Electrochemistry, College of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| | - Sen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xuequan Zhu
- Sunyes Shanshan Advanced Materials Technology (Quzhou) Co. Ltd., Quzhou 324012, PR China
| | - Yue Lei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yunfang Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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Du C, Xu J, Ding G, He D, Zhang H, Qiu W, Li C, Liao G. Recent Advances in LDH/g-C 3N 4 Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Organic Pollutant Removal. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3066. [PMID: 38063762 PMCID: PMC10707826 DOI: 10.3390/nano13233066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has been decreased by using photocatalytic technology in conjunction with solar energy. An efficient method to obtain highly efficient photocatalysts is to build heterojunction photocatalysts by combining graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with layered double hydroxides (LDHs). In this review, recent developments in LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions and their applications for organic pollutant removal are systematically exhibited. The advantages of LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction are first summarized to provide some overall understanding of them. Then, a variety of approaches to successfully assembling LDH and g-C3N4 are simply illustrated. Last but not least, certain unmet research needs for the LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction are suggested. This review can provide some new insights for the development of high-performance LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts. It is indisputable that the LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions can serve as high-performance photocatalysts to make new progress in organic pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Du
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.D.); (J.X.); (D.H.); (W.Q.)
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Jialin Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.D.); (J.X.); (D.H.); (W.Q.)
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Guixiang Ding
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Dayong He
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.D.); (J.X.); (D.H.); (W.Q.)
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Hao Zhang
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Weibao Qiu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.D.); (J.X.); (D.H.); (W.Q.)
| | - Chunxue Li
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China;
| | - Guangfu Liao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.D.); (J.X.); (D.H.); (W.Q.)
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
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Hsu CY, Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty HR, Alsailawi HA, Islam S, Shather AH, Mekkey SM, Ahmed AA, Hadrawi SK, Ali Kahi N. A DFT study on the probability of using the heteroatom decorated graphitic carbonitride (g-C 3N 4) species for delivering of three novel Multiple sclerosis drugs. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 125:108605. [PMID: 37660616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In this project, the possibility of drug delivery application of three anti-Multiple sclerosis (MS) agents (containing diroximel fumarate (DXF), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and mono methyl fumarate (MMF)) by using some heteroatom decorated graphitic carbonitride (g-C3N4) (as nano-sized carriers) have been systematically investigated. The results of the study have indicated that As-g-C3N4 QD is not a suitable candidate for drug delivery (at least in the cases of DMF, and DXF drugs); while, it would be an accurate semiconductor sensor for selective detection of each mentioned agents. Also, the use of the P-doped as well as pristine g-C3N4 QD could lead to weak electronic signals with relatively same values (in electronvolts). It means that P-g-C3N4, and g-C3N4 QDs are not good sensors for detection of each of the three considered drugs. However, those two sorbents would be suitable carriers for delivering of all three mentioned pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City, 71710, Taiwan
| | | | - H A Alsailawi
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, AlSafwa University College, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kerbala, 56001, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Saiful Islam
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Shather
- Department of computer engineering technology, Al Kitab University, Altun Kopru, Kirkuk 00964, Iraq
| | - Shereen M Mekkey
- College of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University, 51001 Hilla, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Aziz Ahmed
- Collage of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Salema K Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Naghmeh Ali Kahi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Manikandan R, Yoon JH, Chang SC. Emerging Trends in nanostructured materials-coated screen printed electrodes for the electrochemical detection of hazardous heavy metals in environmental matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140231. [PMID: 37775053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) have become a significant contaminant in recent years. The increase in heavy metal pollution is a serious situation, requiring progressively robust, fast sensing, highly sensitive, and suitable techniques for heavy metal detection. Compared to other classical analytical methods, electroanalytical techniques, especially stripping voltammetric techniques with modified screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), have several advantages, such as fast sensing, great sensitivity, specificity, and long-time stability. Therefore, these techniques are more suitable for HMI detection. In this review, the nanostructured materials used to coat SPEs for the electrochemical determination of HMI are summarized. Additionally, the electrode fabrication method, modification steps, and electroanalytical study of these materials are systematically discussed. Hence, this review will support the researchers in precisely evaluating the electrochemical HMIs detection through highly sensitive stripping voltammetric techniques using SPE modified with nanostructured carbon and their allotropes, metal, metal oxides and their nanocomposites as sensor materials. Moreover, modified electrodes real time detection of HMIs in different food and environmental samples were briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Manikandan
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Yoon
- Busan Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan, 46742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Wang J, Xu B. Removal of radionuclide 99Tc from aqueous solution by various adsorbents: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 270:107267. [PMID: 37598575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Technetium isotope 99Tc is a main radioactive waste produced in the process of nuclear reaction, which has the characteristics of long half-life and strong environmental mobility, and can be bio-accumulated in organisms, resulting in serious threat to human health and ecosystem. Adsorption method is widely used in the field of removing radionuclides from water due to the advantages of high treatment rate, simple and mature industrial application. In this review paper, the recent advances in research and application of various adsorption materials for 99Tc pollution treatment were summarized and analyzed for the first time, including inorganic adsorbents, such as activated carbon, zero-valent iron, metallic minerals, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), tin-based materials, and sulfur-based materials; organic adsorbents, such as porous organic polymers (POPs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and ion exchange resin; and biological adsorbents, such as biopolymers (chitosan, cellulose, alginate), and microbial cells. The performance characteristics and the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of various adsorption materials were discussed. This review could deepen the understanding of the adsorptive removal of 99Tc from aqueous solution, and provide a reference for the future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Bowen Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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36
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Wang X, Wang A, Zhao M, Marom N. Inverted Lowest Singlet and Triplet Excitation Energy Ordering of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Flakes. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:10910-10919. [PMID: 38033187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
In organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), only 25% of electrically generated excitons are in a singlet state, S1, and the remaining 75% are in a triplet state, T1. In thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) chromophores the transition from the nonradiative T1 state to the radiative S1 state can be thermally activated, which improves the efficiency of OLEDs. Chromophores with inverted energy ordering of S1 and T1 states, S1 < T1, are superior to TADF chromophores, thanks to the absence of an energy barrier for the transition from T1 to S1. We benchmark the performance of time-dependent density functional theory using different exchange-correlation functionals and find that scaled long-range corrected double-hybrid functionals correctly predict the inverted singlet-triplet gaps of N-substituted phenalene derivatives. We then show that the inverted energy ordering of S1 and T1 is an intrinsic property of graphitic carbon nitride flakes. A design strategy of new chromophores with inverted singlet-triplet gaps is proposed. The color of emitted light can be fine-tuned through flake size and amine substitution on flake vertices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Wang
- School of Foundational Education, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266114, China
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P. R. China
| | - Aizhu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Noa Marom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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37
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Cheng S, Miao L, Xue K, Bao Z, Liang J, Li X, Zhu W, Chen Y, Yu Y. Self-assembly synthesis of hollow phosphorus-doped graphitic carbon nitride microboxes for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31020-31027. [PMID: 37938902 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of photocatalysts with efficiency and stability is highly desirable but remains challenging. Here, we report a supramolecular self-assembly strategy to construct hollow phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 microboxes (PCNMs). Considering the effects of multiple parameters on the structure and activity of samples, the orthogonal design is innovatively introduced to optimize technology parameters for screening high-performance g-C3N4. Under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm), rhodamine B (RhB, 4 mg L-1) is completely degraded in just 80 seconds in the presence of the optimal PCNM. The kinetic rate constant of RhB degradation with the PCNM is 3.4633 min-1, demonstrating unprecedented activity that is about 112 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 (0.0309 min-1) synthesized by direct polycondensation of melamine. Additionally, the optimal PCNM also shows enhanced degradation efficiency for tetracycline. The outstanding properties are primarily attributed to the hollow architecture, high specific surface area, and phosphorus doping. This work advances the design of photocatalysts correlating various factors, opening an avenue for optimizing photocatalytic synthesis and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Lifeng Miao
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Kunze Xue
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhenhong Bao
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
| | - Yongzhi Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333001, P. R. China.
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Li Y, Weng S, Wang S, Zhang G, Liu F, Liu M. Engineering the activity and stability of ZIF-8(Zn/Co)@g-C 3N 4 nanocomposites and their synergistic action in converting atmospheric CO 2 into cyclic carbonates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 656:24-34. [PMID: 37980721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel catalytic materials that integrate multifunctional sites has significant implications for expanding the utilization of CO2 resources. However, simultaneously achieving high activity and stability remains a formidable challenge. In this study, a series of ZIF-8(Zn/Co)@g-C3N4 nanocomposites were prepared by employing a thermo-physical compounding strategy that involved the combination of nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets with ZIF-8(ZnCo). The influences of different compositions of g-C3N4 and ZIF-8(Zn/Co) on the catalyst structure were systematically investigated. Subsequently, the catalytic activities of these nanocomposites towards the cycloaddition reaction between CO2 and epoxide were examined under different conditions. The presence of abundant Lewis base sites in g-C3N4 facilitates CO2 activation, while multiple Lewis acid sites in ZIF-8(Zn/Co) enable efficient epoxide activation. By working synergistically with a co-catalyst, tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), CO2 and epoxides can be efficiently reacted to synthesize the corresponding cyclic carbonates under mild or even atmospheric pressure conditions. The catalytic reaction conditions were optimized, and both the catalyst's recycling performance and the scope of epoxides with various substituents were investigated. The integration of g-C3N4 and ZIF-8(Zn/Co) endows the catalytic material with exceptional structural stability and remarkable catalytic activity, thereby providing a new platform for highly efficient CO2 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Shiwei Weng
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050081, PR China
| | - Guojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
| | - Mengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
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Chu X, Sathish CI, Yang JH, Guan X, Zhang X, Qiao L, Domen K, Wang S, Vinu A, Yi J. Strategies for Improving the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Carbon Nitride-Based Catalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302875. [PMID: 37309270 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and their-related environmental issues, sustainable, clean, and renewable energy is urgently needed to replace fossil fuel as the primary energy resource. Hydrogen is considered as one of the cleanest energies. Among the approaches to hydrogen production, photocatalysis is the most sustainable and renewable solar energy technique. Considering the low cost of fabrication, earth abundance, appropriate bandgap, and high performance, carbon nitride has attracted extensive attention as the catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production in the last two decades. In this review, the carbon nitride-based photocatalytic hydrogen production system, including the catalytic mechanism and the strategies for improving the photocatalytic performance is discussed. According to the photocatalytic processes, the strengthened mechanism of carbon nitride-based catalysts is particularly described in terms of boosting the excitation of electrons and holes, suppressing carriers recombination, and enhancing the utilization efficiency of photon-excited electron-hole. Finally, the current trends related to the screening design of superior photocatalytic hydrogen production systems are outlined, and the development direction of carbon nitride for hydrogen production is clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueze Chu
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - C I Sathish
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jae-Hun Yang
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiangwei Zhang
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Kazunari Domen
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 4-17-1, Wakasato, Nagano-shi, Nagano, 380-8533, Japan
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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40
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Purbayanto MAK, Chandel M, Birowska M, Rosenkranz A, Jastrzębska AM. Optically Active MXenes in Van der Waals Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301850. [PMID: 37715336 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The vertical integration of distinct 2D materials in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provides the opportunity for interface engineering and modulation of electronic as well as optical properties. However, scarce experimental studies reveal many challenges for vdW heterostructures, hampering the fine-tuning of their electronic and optical functionalities. Optically active MXenes, the most recent member of the 2D family, with excellent hydrophilicity, rich surface chemistry, and intriguing optical properties, are a novel 2D platform for optoelectronics applications. Coupling MXenes with various 2D materials into vdW heterostructures can open new avenues for the exploration of physical phenomena of novel quantum-confined nanostructures and devices. Therefore, the fundamental basis and recent findings in vertical vdW heterostructures composed of MXenes as a primary component and other 2D materials as secondary components are examined. Their robust designs and synthesis approaches that can push the boundaries of light-harvesting, transition, and utilization are discussed, since MXenes provide a unique playground for pursuing an extraordinary optical response or unusual light conversion features/functionalities. The recent findings are finally summarized, and a perspective for the future development of next-generation vdW multifunctional materials enriched by MXenes is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A K Purbayanto
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Madhurya Chandel
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Magdalena Birowska
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago, 8370456, Chile
| | - Agnieszka M Jastrzębska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
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41
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Wang Y, Zhong S, Niu Z, Dai Y, Li J. Synthesis and up-to-date applications of 2D microporous g-C 3N 4 nanomaterials for sustainable development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10883-10911. [PMID: 37622731 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of industrial technology and the increase of people's environmental awareness, the research on sustainable materials and their applications has become a hot topic. Among two-dimensional (2D) materials that have been selected for sustainable research, graphitic phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has become a hot research topic because of its many outstanding advantages such as simple preparation, good electrochemical properties, excellent photochemical properties, and better thermal stability. Nevertheless, the inherent limitations of g-C3N4 due to its relatively poor specific surface area, rapid charge recombination, limited light absorption range, and inferior dispersion in aqueous and organic media have limited its practical application. In the review, we summarize and analyze the unique structure of the 2D microporous nanomaterial g-C3N4, its synthesis method, chemical modification method, and the latest application examples in various fields in recent years, highlighting its advantages and shortcomings, with a view to providing ideas for overcoming the difficulties in its application. Furthermore, the pressing challenges faced by g-C3N4 are briefly discussed, as well as an outlook on the application prospects of g-C3N4 materials. It is expected that the review in this paper will provide more theoretical strategies for the future practical application of g-C3N4-based materials, as well as contributing to nanomaterials in sustainable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Suyue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenhua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Yangyang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
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Zabielaite A, Balciunaite A, Upskuviene D, Simkunaite D, Levinas R, Niaura G, Vaiciuniene J, Jasulaitiene V, Tamasauskaite-Tamasiunaite L, Norkus E. Investigation of Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution on Cobalt-Nanoparticles-Supported Graphitic Carbon Nitride. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5923. [PMID: 37687616 PMCID: PMC10488936 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on fabricating cobalt particles deposited on graphitic carbon nitride (Co/gCN) using annealing, microwave-assisted and hydrothermal syntheses, and their employment in hydrogen and oxygen evolution (HER and OER) reactions. Composition, surface morphology, and structure were examined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The performance of Co-modified gCN composites for the HER and OER were investigated in an alkaline media (1 M KOH). Compared to the metal-free gCN, the modification of gCN with Co enhances the electrocatalytic activity towards the HER and OER. Additionally, thermal annealing of both Co(NO3)2 and melamine at 520 °C for 4 h results in the preparation of an effective bifunctional Co3O4/gCN catalyst for the HER with the lower Eonset of -0.24 V, a small overpotential of -294.1 mV at 10 mA cm-2, and a low Tafel slope of -29.6 mV dec-1 in a 1.0 M KOH solution and for the OER with the onset overpotential of 286.2 mV and overpotential of 422.3 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm-2 with the Tafel slope of 72.8 mV dec-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausrine Zabielaite
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.B.); (D.U.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (G.N.); (J.V.); (V.J.); (E.N.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Loreta Tamasauskaite-Tamasiunaite
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.B.); (D.U.); (D.S.); (R.L.); (G.N.); (J.V.); (V.J.); (E.N.)
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Rajendramani R, Madan K, Kallingal MSN, Guru S, De S, Gangavarapu RR. Hydrogen Evolution Activity of Nitrogen-Rich g-C 3-xN 4+x Synthesized by Solid-Gas Interface Method. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11992-12003. [PMID: 37578307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of a metal-free carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalyst in the form of nitrogen-rich g-C3-xN4+x derivatives is desirable for efficient solar to hydrogen conversion and remains a challenging task to achieve. Herein we report the development of homogeneous sheets of nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitride samples from melamine by a solid-gas interface approach. Using this method, pure g-C3N4 (CN), g-C3-xN4+x under ammonia flow (CN-NH3) and g-C3-xN4+x under nitrogen flow (CN-N2) are prepared. The g-C3-xN4+x (CN-NH3) sample shows better surface conductivity, wide optical absorbance in the visible region, reduced recombination and high electron donor density, and higher performance toward photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution (HER). The g-C3-xN4+x (CN-NH3) generates a photocurrent of 2.06 μA cm-2, which is 2.5 times higher than that of the pure g-C3N4 (CN) sample (0.85 μA cm-2). It also shows higher photocatalytic water splitting ability compared to the CN and CN-N2 samples, generating 634 μmol g-1 hydrogen without cocatalyst and 1163 μmol g-1 of hydrogen with Pt cocatalyst. Density functional calculations suggest that the progressive band gap reduction with the increase in the N-dopant percentage can be attributed to the gradual increase in the partial π-occupations, which can lead to a significant stabilization of the conduction band minima. The theoretical modeling, however, indicates a saturation in the band gap effect after 75% of N-dopant. The onset potential of g-C3-xN4+x for HER appears at η = 0.43 V in dark and η = 0.34 V vs Ag/AgCl under solar light illumination of 1 sun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Rajendramani
- Department of Chemistry and DST Solar Energy Harnessing Centre (DSEHC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Krateeka Madan
- Department of Chemistry and DST Solar Energy Harnessing Centre (DSEHC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Sruthi Guru
- Department of Chemistry and DST Solar Energy Harnessing Centre (DSEHC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Susmita De
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry & Drug Discovery, University of Calicut, Calicut University, Malappuram 673 635, Kerala, India
| | - Ranga Rao Gangavarapu
- Department of Chemistry and DST Solar Energy Harnessing Centre (DSEHC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Wen J, Wang G, Li X, Liu W, Zhan H, Yang Y, Li T, Zheng W. Preparation of Oxygen-Doping Nongraphitic Carbon Nitride via Efficiency Exfoliation for the Application of Photocatalytic Degradation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11851-11863. [PMID: 37556777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
E-OLCN photocatalyst was synthesized by oxygen doping of low molecular weight carbon nitride (LCN) with ethanol solvent stripping. The enhanced light absorption, fast electron transport rate, and photogenerated carrier separation efficiency of E-OLCN leads to the excellent photocatalytic degradation performance compared with the original materials. The synergistic effect of oxygen doping and ethanol solvent stripping plays a significant role for the modulation of electronic and structural properties of the prepared catalysts. Methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) are chosen as typical pollutants for the application of photocatalytic degradation. The E-OLCN sample exhibits outstanding photocatalytic degradation performance, where the rate constant k (1 × 10-2 min-1) of E-OLCN (1.68) is 2.9 times than that of O-LCN (0.58) and 8.8 times than that of pristine LCN (0.19) for MO. Moreover, modulated E-OLCN shows good stability after cycling experiments and the activity still achieved 90%. The detailed mechanism for MO degradation was proposed with the technical support of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and electron spin resonance (EPR). The superoxide radical (·O2-) is the main active species and the MO molecule could be decomposition completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
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45
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Kumar N, Kumari M, Ismael M, Tahir M, Sharma RK, Kumari K, Koduru JR, Singh P. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4)-assisted materials for the detection and remediation of hazardous gases and VOCs. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116149. [PMID: 37209982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials are attracting attention for their unique properties, such as low-cost, chemical stability, facile synthesis, adjustable electronic structure, and optical properties. These facilitate the use of g-C3N4 to design better photocatalytic and sensing materials. Environmental pollution by hazardous gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be monitored and controlled using eco-friendly g-C3N4- photocatalysts. Firstly, this review introduces the structure, optical and electronic properties of C3N4 and C3N4 assisted materials, followed by various synthesis strategies. In continuation, binary and ternary nanocomposites of C3N4 with metal oxides, sulfides, noble metals, and graphene are elaborated. g-C3N4/metal oxide composites exhibited better charge separation that leads to enhancement in photocatalytic properties. g-C3N4/noble metal composites possess higher photocatalytic activities due to the surface plasmon effects of metals. Ternary composites by the presence of dual heterojunctions improve properties of g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic application. In the later part, we have summarised the application of g-C3N4 and its assisted materials for sensing toxic gases and VOCs and decontaminating NOx and VOCs by photocatalysis. Composites of g-C3N4 with metal and metal oxide give comparatively better results. This review is expected to bring a new sketch for developing g-C3N4-based photocatalysts and sensors with practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
| | - Monika Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Mohammed Ismael
- Electrical energy storage system, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kavitha Kumari
- Baba Mastnath University, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
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Wei J, Luo D, Shi M, Yuan Q, Wang M, Huang Y, Ni Y. Ultrathin Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Exfoliated and In Situ Modified with a Nickel Bis(Chelate) Complex for Boosting Photocatalytic Performances. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37384457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Exfoliation and interfacial modification of two-dimensional (2D) polymeric carbon nitride (CN) are considerably vital for applications in photo/electrocatalysis fields. Here, a grinding-ultrasonic route was designed to construct nickel bis(chelate) complex (Ni(abt)2, abt = 2-aminobenzenethiolate)-modified CN ultrathin nanosheets. Under the assistance of the shear force derived from the grinding process, Ni(abt)2 was implanted into the interlamination of bulk CN, resulting in the formation of ultrathin CN (UCN) nanosheets. Simultaneously, Ni(abt)2 molecules were anchored on the surfaces of as-formed UCN nanosheets due to the π-π stacking interaction. Interestingly, compared with single Ni(abt)2 and UCN, the as-obtained Ni(abt)2/UCN nanosheets exhibited excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution capability. A molecule-semiconductor internal electron transmission mechanism was suggested for explaining the separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the interface-induced electron redistribution tuned the electron density and hydrogen adsorption of the active centers, thus enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalyst. In addition, the as-obtained Ni(abt)2/UCN nanosheets could also catalyze the reduction of nitroaromatics in the presence of NaBH4. It was found that under the simulated sunlight irradiation, the conversion efficiency of nitroaromatic compounds to amino aromatic ones was up to 97.3%, far higher than that under the condition without light irradiation (51.7%), suggesting that the photocatalytic-produced hydrogen took part in the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieding Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Dian Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Manman Shi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Qingbing Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Meifang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, WanNan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Heifei 230032, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, 189 Jiuhua Southern Road, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
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Kumar R, Sudhaik A, Sonu A, Raizada P, Nguyen VH, Van Le Q, Ahamad T, Thakur S, Hussaind CM, Singh P. Integrating K and P co-doped g-C 3N 4 with ZnFe 2O 4 and graphene oxide for S-scheme-based enhanced absorption coupled photocatalytic real wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139267. [PMID: 37343631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a significant increase in the interest of using photocatalysis for environmental clean-up applications. In this research, potassium, and phosphorus co-doped graphitic carbon nitride (KPCN) photocatalyst modified with graphene oxide (GO) and heterostructured with ZnFe2O4 was synthesized via the hydrothermal method (KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4). The photoactivity of KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst was examined for the photocatalytic degradation of target pollutants such as methylene blue (MB) dye, rhodamine B (RhB) dye, and tetracycline (TC) antibiotic. Furthermore, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency for real wastewater was determined to explore the practical application of KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst. The degradation efficiencies of bare graphitic carbon nitride, KPCN, KPCN/GO, and KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4 photocatalysts for tetracycline antibiotics were 30%, 42%, 57%, and 87% within 60 min, respectively. Moreover, KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst showed 71% COD removal efficiency within 240 min. The •OH and •O2- were the major reactive species in the photocatalytic process. Results showed that the degradation efficiencies of graphitic carbon nitride were greatly enhanced upon doping and further improved with the addition of GO and ZnFe2O4. Doping improved light harvesting, GO enhanced the adsorption ability and heterojunction with ZnFe2O4 enhanced the charge separation as well as the reusability of synthesized KPCN/GO/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Anita Sudhaik
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - A Sonu
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Pankaj Raizada
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Kanchipuram District, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anamro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sourbh Thakur
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India.
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Wen J, Zhou L, Tang Q, Xiao X, Sun S. Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by carbon quantum dots functionalized g-C 3N 4: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115133. [PMID: 37327524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has received much attention due to its unique characteristics of stable physicochemical features, facile preparation, and inexpensive cost. However, the bulk g-C3N4 has a weak capacity for pollutant degradation and needs to be modified for real application. Therefore, extensive research has been done on g-C3N4, and the discovery of the novel zero-dimensional nanomaterials known as carbon quantum dots (CQDs) provided it with a unique modification option. In this review, the development for the removal of organic pollutants by g-C3N4/CQDs was discussed. Firstly, the preparation of g-C3N4/CQDs were introduced. Then, the application and the degradation mechanism of g-C3N4/CQDs were briefly described. And the discussion of the influencing factors on g-C3N4/CQDs' ability to degrade organic pollutants came in third. Finally, the conclusions of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by g-C3N4/CQDs and future perspectives followed. This review will strengthen the understanding of the photocatalytic degradation of real organic wastewater by g-C3N4/CQDs, including their preparation, application, mechanism, and influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Lean Zhou
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Qingxin Tang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Xiaozhen Xiao
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Shiquan Sun
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China.
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49
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Tang S, Ma Y, Wang H, Liang Y, Xu X, Zhang D, Cao B, Wang Q, Li W. One-Pot Synthesis of 2D-2D WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 Photocatalyst in Reverse Microemulsion System via Supercritical CO 2 for Enhanced Hydrogen Generation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202184. [PMID: 36814358 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Construction of Z-scheme photocatalyst is an effective approach for using solar energy to produce hydrogen during water splitting. Herein, 2D/2D WO3 /g-C3 N4 heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized by a convenient and green method including exfoliation and heterojunction procedures, in the reverse microemulsion system via supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2 ). The resultant W/CN-10.3 composite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activities towards the hydrogen evolution during water splitting with a hydrogen evolution rate of 688.51 μmol g-1 h-1 , which was more than 16 times higher than bulk g-C3 N4 with the same loading amount of Pt as cocatalyst. Due to its effective separation of photogenerated carriers and prolonged lifetime, more photoexcited electrons with high reduction ability could contribute to the production of H2 . Possible formation mechanism of 2D-2D WO3 /g-C3 N4 nanosheets via scCO2 in the reverse microemulsion system by the one-pot method has been proposed. This work provides an efficient and green strategy to synthesize 2D-2D heterojunction for the utilization in solar-to-fuel conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoru Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Haimeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Dingyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Beiming Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
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Wen F, Huang X, Li Y, Pang L, Xu Y, Zhang T. Photocatalytic Synthesis of Ammonia from Pinecone Graphite-Phase Carbon Nitride Loaded with MoS 2 Nanosheets as Co-catalysts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37289619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process to alleviate the energy and environmental crises. Here, we designed a pinecone-shaped graphite-phase carbon nitride (PCN) catalyst supported with MoS2 nanosheets by a supramolecular self-assembly method. The catalyst shows an excellent photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (PNRR) due to the larger specific surface area and the enhancement of visible light owing to the reduced band gap. Under simulated sunlight, the sample of PCN loaded with 5 wt % MoS2 nanosheets (MS5%/PCN) shows a PNRR efficiency of 279.41 μmol g-1 h-1, which is 14.9 times that of bulk graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4), 4.6 times that of PCN, and 5.4 times that of MoS2, respectively. The unique pinecone-like structure of MS5%/PCN not only improves the ability of light absorption but also assists in the uniform loading of MoS2 nanosheets. Likewise, the existence of MoS2 nanosheets improves the light absorption ability of the catalyst and reduces the impedance of the catalyst. Furthermore, as a co-catalyst, MoS2 nanosheets can efficiently adsorb nitrogen (N2) and serve as active N2 reduction sites. From the perspective of structural design, this work can offer novel solutions for the creation of effective N2-fixing photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Yajie Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Le Pang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Yuan Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
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