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Ramos Canabarra Dos Santos T, de Jesus Bassi M, Muller de França M, Majewski JK, Barcote MVW, Stanislawczuk AEP, Roman LS. Gas Sensor Based on Highly Effective Slot-Die Printed PEDOT:PSS@ZnO Hybrid Nanocomposite for Methanol Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38832687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the development of gas sensors based on the PEDOT:PSS@ZnO hybrid active layer slot-die printing aqueous ink. Two different zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were studied to form the nanocomposites, as well as the use of glass and PET substrates to manufacture the devices. Despite the influence of the morphology of the active layer, all device variations studied here exhibited high response values for methanol gas at room temperature, in addition to presenting good repeatability, reversibility, and the possibility of technology transfer to flexible substrates. Furthermore, PEDOT:PSS@ZnO showed good selectivity to methanol compared to ethanol, ammonia, and CO2. The best devices showed responses greater than 700% in detecting methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maiara de Jesus Bassi
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Morgana Muller de França
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- PIPE - Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Júlia Ketzer Majewski
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Woiski Barcote
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Lucimara Stolz Roman
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- PIPE - Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
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2
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Qiu C, He M, Xu SF, Ali AM, Shen L, Wang JS. Self-adhesive, conductive, and multifunctional hybrid hydrogel for flexible/wearable electronics based on triboelectric and piezoresistive sensor. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131825. [PMID: 38679271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Flexible electronics are highly developed nowadays in human-machine interfaces (HMI). However, challenges such as lack of flexibility, conductivity, and versatility always greatly hindered flexible electronics applications. In this work, a multifunctional hybrid hydrogel (H-hydrogel) was prepared by combining two kinds of 1D polymer chains (polyacrylamide and polydopamine) and two kinds of 2D nanosheets (Ti3C2Tx MXene and graphene oxide nanosheets) as quadruple crosslinkers. The introduced Ti3C2Tx MXene and graphene oxide nanosheets are bonded with the PAM and PDA polymer chains by hydrogen bonds. This unique crosslinking and stable structure endow the H-hydrogel with advantages such as good flexibility, electrical conductivity, self-adhesion, and mechanical robustness. The two kinds of nanosheets not only improved the mechanical strength and conductivity of the H-hydrogel, but also helped to form the double electric layers (DELs) between the nanosheets and the bulk-free water phase inside the H-hydrogel. When utilized as the electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), high electrical output performances were realized due to the dynamic balance of the DELs between the nanosheets and the H-hydrogel's inside water molecules. Moreover, flexible sensors, including triboelectric, and strain/pressure sensors, were achieved for human motion detection at low frequencies. This hydrogel is promising for HMI and e-skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Shi-Feng Xu
- College of Science, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110136, China
| | - Aasi Mohammad Ali
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Jia-Shi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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3
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Chen EX, He L, Qiu M, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Li WH, Xiao JZ, Chen J, Xu G, Lin Q. Regulating electron transfer and orbital interaction within metalloporphyrin-MOFs for highly sensitive NO 2 sensing. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6833-6841. [PMID: 38725503 PMCID: PMC11077542 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06909e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The understanding of electron transfer pathways and orbital interactions between analytes and adsorption sites in gas-sensitive studies, especially at the atomic level, is currently limited. Herein, we have designed eight isoreticular catechol-metalloporphyrin scaffolds, FeTCP-M and InTCP-M (TCP = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-catechol-porphyrin, M = Fe, Co, Ni and Zn) with adjustable charge transfer schemes in the coordination microenvironment and precise tuning of orbital interactions between analytes and adsorption sites, which can be used as models for exploring the influence of these factors on gas sensing. Our experimental findings indicate that the sensitivity and selectivity can be modulated using the type of metals in the metal-catechol chains (which regulate the electron transfer routes) and the metalloporphyrin rings (which fine-tune the orbital interactions between analytes and adsorption sites). Among the isostructures, InTCP-Co demonstrates the highest response and selectivity to NO2 under visible light irradiation, which could be attributed to the more favorable transfer pathway of charge carriers in the coordination microenvironment under visible light illumination, as well as the better electron spin state compatibility, higher orbital overlap and orbital symmetry matching between the N-2s2pz hybrid orbital of NO2 and the Co-3dz2 orbital of InTCP-Co.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Xia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Liang He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Mei Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang Jiangxi 330045 China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Yayong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Wen-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Jian-Ze Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qipu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
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Song J, Lu H, Liu M, Hu H, Jiang J, Zhang L, Li H. Dopant Enhanced Conjugated Polymer Thin Film for Low-Power, Flexible and Wearable DMMP Sensor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308595. [PMID: 38050930 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer has the potential to be applied on flexible devices as an active layer, but further investigation is still hindered by poor conductivity and mechanical stability. Here, this work demonstrates a dopant-enhanced conductive polymer thin film and its application in dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) sensor. Among five comparable polymers this work employs, poly(bisdodecylthioquaterthiophene) (PQTS12) achieves the highest doping efficiency after doped by FeCl3, with the conductivity increasing by about five orders of magnitude. The changes in Young's modulus are also considered to optimize the conductivity and flexibility of this thin film, and finally the decay of conductivity is only 9.2% after 3000 times of mechanical bending. This work applies this thin film as the active layer of the DMMP gas sensor, which could be operated under 1 mV driving voltage and 28 nW power consumption, with a sustainable durability against bending and compression. In addition, this sensor is provided with alarm capability while exposed to the DMMP atmospheres at different hazard levels. This work expects that this general approach could offer solutions for the fabrication of low-power and flexible gas sensors, and provide guidance for next-generation wearable devices with broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Hong Hu
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Jingyan Jiang
- College of Big data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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Rajput SK, Mothika VS. Powders to Thin Films: Advances in Conjugated Microporous Polymer Chemical Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300730. [PMID: 38407503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemical sensing of harmful species released either from natural or anthropogenic activities is critical to ensuring human safety and health. Over the last decade, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been proven to be potential sensor materials with the possibility of realizing sensing devices for practical applications. CMPs found to be unique among other porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to their high chemical/thermal stability, high surface area, microporosity, efficient host-guest interactions with the analyte, efficient exciton migration along the π-conjugated chains, and tailorable structure to target specific analytes. Several CMP-based optical, electrochemical, colorimetric, and ratiometric sensors with excellent selectivity and sensing performance were reported. This review comprehensively discusses the advances in CMP chemical sensors (powders and thin films) in the detection of nitroaromatic explosives, chemical warfare agents, anions, metal ions, biomolecules, iodine, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with simultaneous delineation of design strategy principles guiding the selectivity and sensitivity of CMP. Preceding this, various photophysical mechanisms responsible for chemical sensing are discussed in detail for convenience. Finally, future challenges to be addressed in the field of CMP chemical sensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Venkata Suresh Mothika
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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Sharma A, Eadi SB, Noothalapati H, Otyepka M, Lee HD, Jayaramulu K. Porous materials as effective chemiresistive gas sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2530-2577. [PMID: 38299314 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00761d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Chemiresistive gas sensors (CGSs) have revolutionized the field of gas sensing by providing a low-power, low-cost, and highly sensitive means of detecting harmful gases. This technology works by measuring changes in the conductivity of materials when they interact with a testing gas. While semiconducting metal oxides and two-dimensional (2D) materials have been used for CGSs, they suffer from poor selectivity to specific analytes in the presence of interfering gases and require high operating temperatures, resulting in high signal-to-noise ratios. However, nanoporous materials have emerged as a promising alternative for CGSs due to their high specific surface area, unsaturated metal actives, and density of three-dimensional inter-connected conductive and pendant functional groups. Porous materials have demonstrated excellent response and recovery times, remarkable selectivity, and the ability to detect gases at extremely low concentrations. Herein, our central emphasis is on all aspects of CGSs, with a primary focus on the use of porous materials. Further, we discuss the basic sensing mechanisms and parameters, different types of popular sensing materials, and the critical explanations of various mechanisms involved throughout the sensing process. We have provided examples of remarkable performance demonstrated by sensors using these materials. In addition to this, we compare the performance of porous materials with traditional metal-oxide semiconductors (MOSs) and 2D materials. Finally, we discussed future aspects, shortcomings, and scope for improvement in sensing performance, including the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), and porous organic polymers (POPs), as well as their hybrid counterparts. Overall, CGSs using porous materials have the potential to address a wide range of applications, including monitoring water quality, detecting harmful chemicals, improving surveillance, preventing natural disasters, and improving healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Sharma
- Hybrid Porous Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India.
| | - Sunil Babu Eadi
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Hemanth Noothalapati
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- IT4Innovations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Hi-Deok Lee
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
- Korea Sensor Lab, Department of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kolleboyina Jayaramulu
- Hybrid Porous Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India.
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Le CV, Yoon H. Advances in the Use of Conducting Polymers for Healthcare Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1564. [PMID: 38338846 PMCID: PMC10855550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymers (CPs) are an innovative class of materials recognized for their high flexibility and biocompatibility, making them an ideal choice for health monitoring applications that require flexibility. They are active in their design. Advances in fabrication technology allow the incorporation of CPs at various levels, by combining diverse CPs monomers with metal particles, 2D materials, carbon nanomaterials, and copolymers through the process of polymerization and mixing. This method produces materials with unique physicochemical properties and is highly customizable. In particular, the development of CPs with expanded surface area and high conductivity has significantly improved the performance of the sensors, providing high sensitivity and flexibility and expanding the range of available options. However, due to the morphological diversity of new materials and thus the variety of characteristics that can be synthesized by combining CPs and other types of functionalities, choosing the right combination for a sensor application is difficult but becomes important. This review focuses on classifying the role of CP and highlights recent advances in sensor design, especially in the field of healthcare monitoring. It also synthesizes the sensing mechanisms and evaluates the performance of CPs on electrochemical surfaces and in the sensor design. Furthermore, the applications that can be revolutionized by CPs will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Van Le
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Saeed AM, Taha AG, Dardeer HM, Aly MF. One-pot synthesis of novel chitosan-salicylaldehyde polymer composites for ammonia sensing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:239. [PMID: 38168141 PMCID: PMC10761969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (Chs)-salicylaldehyde (Sal) polymer derivatives were formed via the reaction of Chs-Sal with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD). These polymers were synthesized through inclusion with β-CD and doping with ZnO NPs to give pseudopolyrotaxane and Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs composite, respectively, for low-temperature detection and sensing of NH3 vapors as great significance in environmental control and human health. Additionally, the polymer (Chs-Sal/β-CD/ZnO NPs) was prepared via the insertion of generated composite (Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs) through β-cyclodextrin ring. The structural and morphological characterizations of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed by utilizing FTIR, XRD and, SEM, respectively. Also, the optical properties and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the synthesized polymers were explored. The obtained results confirmed that using β-CD or ZnO NPs for modification of polymer (Chs-Sal) dramatically enhanced thermal stability and optical features of the synthesized polymers. Investigations on the NH3-sensing properties of Chs-Sal/β-CD/ZnO NPs composite were carried out at concentrations down to 10 ppm and good response and recovery times (650 s and 350 s, respectively) at room temperature (RT) and indicated that modification by β-CD and doping with ZnO NPs effectively improves the NH3-sensing response of Chs-Sal from 712 to 6192 using Chs-Sal/β-CD/ZnO NPs, respectively, with low LOD and LOQ of 0.12 and 0.4 ppb, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Muhammed Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Gaber Taha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Hemat Mohamed Dardeer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Fawzy Aly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
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Mirzaei A, Lee MH, Safaeian H, Kim TU, Kim JY, Kim HW, Kim SS. Room Temperature Chemiresistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D MXenes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8829. [PMID: 37960529 PMCID: PMC10650214 DOI: 10.3390/s23218829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their large surface area, two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting nanomaterials have been extensively studied for gas-sensing applications in recent years. In particular, the possibility of operating at room temperature (RT) is desirable for 2D gas sensors because it significantly reduces the power consumption of the sensing device. Furthermore, RT gas sensors are among the first choices for the development of flexible and wearable devices. In this review, we focus on the 2D MXenes used for the realization of RT gas sensors. Hence, pristine, doped, decorated, and composites of MXenes with other semiconductors for gas sensing are discussed. Two-dimensional MXene nanomaterials are discussed, with greater emphasis on the sensing mechanism. MXenes with the ability to work at RT have great potential for practical applications such as flexible and/or wearable gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran; (A.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Myoung Hoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (M.H.L.); (T.-U.K.)
| | - Haniyeh Safaeian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran; (A.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Tae-Un Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (M.H.L.); (T.-U.K.)
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (M.H.L.); (T.-U.K.)
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Yang GG, Kim DH, Samal S, Choi J, Roh H, Cunin CE, Lee HM, Kim SO, Dincă M, Gumyusenge A. Polymer-Based Thermally Stable Chemiresistive Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of NO 2 Gas Emission. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3687-3692. [PMID: 37721017 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a thermally stable, mechanically compliant, and sensitive polymer-based NO2 gas sensor design. Interconnected nanoscale morphology driven from spinodal decomposition between conjugated polymers tethered with polar side chains and thermally stable matrix polymers offers judicious design of NO2-sensitive and thermally tolerant thin films. The resulting chemiresitive sensors exhibit stable NO2 sensing even at 170 °C over 6 h. Controlling the density of polar side chains along conjugated polymer backbone enables optimal design for coupling high NO2 sensitivity, selectivity, and thermal stability of polymer sensors. Lastly, thermally stable films are used to implement chemiresistive sensors onto flexible and heat-resistant substrates and demonstrate a reliable gas sensing response even after 500 bending cycles at 170 °C. Such unprecedented sensor performance as well as environmental stability are promising for real-time monitoring of gas emission from vehicles and industrial chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Gug Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sanket Samal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jungwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Heejung Roh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Camille E Cunin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyuck Mo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aristide Gumyusenge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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11
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Gul JZ, Khan M, Rehman MM, Mohy Ud Din Z, Kim WY. Preparation and Performance Analysis of 3D Thermoformed Fluidic Polymer Temperature Sensors for Aquatic and Terrestrial Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8506. [PMID: 37896599 PMCID: PMC10610857 DOI: 10.3390/s23208506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Employing a combination of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) thermoforming and 3D-printed cylindrical patterns, we carefully engineer a linear resistive temperature sensor. This intricate process involves initial PET thermoforming, yielding a hollow cylindrical chamber. This chamber is then precisely infused with a composite fluid of graphite and water glue. Ensuring electrical connectivity, both ends are affixed with metal wires and securely sealed using a hot gun. This cost-effective, versatile sensor adeptly gauges temperature shifts by assessing composite fluid resistance alterations. Its PET outer surface grants immunity to water and solubility concerns, enabling application in aquatic and aerial settings without extra encapsulation. Rigorous testing reveals the sensor's linearity and stability within a 10 °C to 60 °C range, whether submerged or airborne. Beyond 65 °C, plastic deformation arises. To mitigate hysteresis, a 58 °C operational limit is recommended. Examining fluidic composite width and length effects, we ascertain a 12 Ω/°C sensitivity for these linear sensors, a hallmark of their precision. Impressive response and recovery times of 4 and 8 s, respectively, highlight their efficiency. These findings endorse thermoforming's potential for fabricating advanced temperature sensors. This cost-effective approach's adaptability underscores its viability for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Zeb Gul
- Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, AIR University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Maryam Khan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Muhammad Muqeet Rehman
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Zia Mohy Ud Din
- Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, AIR University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Woo Young Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (M.M.R.)
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12
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Cheng S, Wang Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Sun C, Wang T. Recent Progress in Gas Sensors Based on P3HT Polymer Field-Effect Transistors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8309. [PMID: 37837139 PMCID: PMC10575277 DOI: 10.3390/s23198309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the rapid development of the global economy has led to a substantial increase in energy consumption, subsequently resulting in the emission of a significant quantity of toxic gases into the environment. So far, gas sensors based on polymer field-effect transistors (PFETs), a highly practical and cost-efficient strategy, have garnered considerable attention, primarily attributed to their inherent advantages of offering a plethora of material choices, robust flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Notably, the development of functional organic semiconductors (OSCs), such as poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), has been the subject of extensive scholarly investigation in recent years due to its widespread availability and remarkable sensing characteristics. This paper provides an exhaustive overview encompassing the production, functionalization strategies, and practical applications of gas sensors incorporating P3HT as the OSC layer. The exceptional sensing attributes and wide-ranging utility of P3HT position it as a promising candidate for improving PFET-based gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chenfang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
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13
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Kim Y, Lee D, Nguyen KV, Lee JH, Lee WH. Optimization of Gas-Sensing Properties in Poly(triarylamine) Field-Effect Transistors by Device and Interface Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3463. [PMID: 37631519 PMCID: PMC10459528 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the gas-sensing mechanism in bottom-gate organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) using poly(triarylamine) (PTAA). A comparison of different device architectures revealed that the top-contact structure exhibited superior gas-sensing performance in terms of field-effect mobility and sensitivity. The thickness of the active layer played a critical role in enhancing these parameters in the top-contact structure. Moreover, the distance and pathway for charge carriers to reach the active channel were found to significantly influence the gas response. Additionally, the surface treatment of the SiO2 dielectric with hydrophobic self-assembled mono-layers led to further improvement in the performance of the OFETs and gas sensors by effectively passivating the silanol groups. Under optimal conditions, our PTAA-based gas sensors achieved an exceptionally high response (>200%/ppm) towards NO2. These findings highlight the importance of device and interface engineering for optimizing gas-sensing properties in amorphous polymer semiconductors, offering valuable insights for the design of advanced gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnan Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggeun Lee
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ky Van Nguyen
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Wi Hyoung Lee
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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14
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Goswami MK, Srivastava A, Dohare RK, Tiwari AK, Srivastav A. Recent advances in conducting polymer-based magnetic nanosorbents for dyes and heavy metal removal: fabrication, applications, and perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27458-4. [PMID: 37195615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally, treating and disposing of industrial pollutants is a techno-economic challenge. Industries' large production of harmful heavy metal ions (HMIs) and dyes and inappropriate disposal worsen water contamination. Much attention is required on the development of efficient and cost-effective technologies and approaches for removing toxic HMIs and dyes from wastewater as they pose a severe threat to public health and aquatic ecosystems. Due to the proven superiority of adsorption over other alternative methods, various nanosorbents have been developed for the efficient removal of HMIs and dyes from wastewater and aqueous solutions. Being a good adsorbent, conducting polymer-based magnetic nanocomposites (CP-MNCPs) has drawn more attention for HMIs and dye removal. Conductive polymers' pH-responsiveness makes CP-MNCP ideal for wastewater treatment. The composite material absorbed dyes and/or HMIs from contaminated water could be removed by changing the pH. Here, we review the production strategies and applications of CP-MNCPs for HMIs and dye removal. The review also sheds light on the adsorption mechanism, adsorption efficiency, kinetic and adsorption models, and regeneration capacity of the various CP-MNCPs. To date, various modifications to conducting polymers (CPs) have been explored to improve the adsorption properties. It is evident from the literature survey that the combination of SiO2, graphene oxide (GO), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with CPs-MNCPs enhances the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites to a large extent, so future research should lean toward the development of cost-effective hybrid CPs-nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajeev Kumar Dohare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Anjani Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, 226025, UP, India
| | - Anupam Srivastav
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, UP, India
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15
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Gai S, Wang X, Zhang R, Zeng K, Miao S, Wu Y, Wang B. A controllably fabricated polypyrrole nanorods network by doping a tetra-β-carboxylate cobalt phthalocyanine tetrasodium salt for enhanced ammonia sensing at room temperature. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13725-13734. [PMID: 37152582 PMCID: PMC10158350 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00103b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology adjustment and functional doping optimization of polypyrrole (PPy) are of great significance in improving its gas sensing performance. Here, the PPy-0.5TcCoPc nanorods with a uniform dispersed 3-D network were prepared using one-step in situ polymerization using the electrostatic interaction between dopant counterion substituents in tetra-β-carboxylate cobalt phthalocyanine tetrasodium salt (TcCoPcTs) with larger space structure and pyrrole (Py) molecules, in which TcCoPcTs is not only used as a dopant molecule crosslinking PPy chains to obtain a 3-D network, thus improving the conductivity, but also as a sensor accelerator to improve the gas-sensing performance. The resulting PPy-TcCoPc hybrid exhibits superior NH3-sensing properties than PPy and tetra-β-carboxylate cobalt phthalocyanine (TcCoPc) under the same test conditions, especially the PPy-0.5TcCoPc sensor shows ultrafast response/recovery time to 50 ppm NH3 (8.1 s/370.8 s), low detection limit of 8.1 ppb and excellent gas selectivity at room temperature (20 °C). Besides, the PPy-0.5TcCoPc sensor also maintains superior response (49.3% to 50 ppm NH3), humidity resistance and conspicuous stability over 45 days. The excellent NH3-sensing performance of the PPy-0.5TcCoPc hybrid arises from the excellent gas selectivity of TcCoPc, the remarkable response mechanism between PPy and NH3, the high electrical conductivity, abundant active sites and good electron transport ability of the unique 3-D network with large specific surface area. The morphology regulation and functional doping optimization strategy of TcCoPcTs doped PPy broaden the research direction of ideal gas sensor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Gai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology Harbin 150050 P. R. China
| | - Runze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
| | - Kun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
| | - Shoulei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 800216 Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China
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16
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Zhu C, Zhou T, Xia H, Zhang T. Flexible Room-Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensors Based on PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS Film for Breathing Analysis and Food Safety. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1158. [PMID: 37049261 PMCID: PMC10097228 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors have played a critical role in healthcare, atmospheric environmental monitoring, military applications and so on. In particular, flexible sensing devices are of great interest, benefitting from flexibility and wearability. However, developing flexible gas sensors with a high sensitivity, great stability and workability is still challenging. In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, which were further modified with polyaniline (PANI) using a simple chemical oxidation synthesis. The superior flexibility of the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS film enabled a stable initial resistance value, even under bending conditions. The flexible sensor showed excellent NH3 sensing performances, including a high response (11.8 ± 0.2 for 40 ppm of NH3) and a low limit of detection (10 ppb) at room temperature. Moreover, the effect of a humid environment on the NH3 sensing performances was investigated. The results show that the response of the sensor is enhanced under high humidity conditions because water molecules can promote the adsorption of NH3 on the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS films. In addition, the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS film sensor had the abilities of detecting NH3 in the simulated breath of patients with kidney disease and the freshness of shrimp. These above results reveal the potential application of the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS sensor for monitoring NH3 in human breath and food.
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17
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Kausar A. Epitome of Fullerene in Conducting Polymeric Nanocomposite—Fundamentals and Beyond. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2121223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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18
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Sambasevam KP, Sateria SF, Baharin SNA, Azman NJ, Ahmad Wakid S, Shahabuddin S. An optimization of fungal chitin grafted polyaniline for ammonia gas detection via Box Behnken design. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124079. [PMID: 36934823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, chitin (Ch) was chemically extracted from wild mushrooms and then grafted to polyaniline (PANI) to form a composite (Ch-g-PANI) to detect ammonia (NH3) gas. The Ch-g-PANI was comprehensively characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The NH3 gas detection optimization was evaluated using Box-Behnken Design. Typically, physical factors such as (A)film layer, (B)loading %, and (C)contact time were investigated and validated through the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA revealed that dual interactions between (A)film layer - (C)contact time, and (B)loading % - (C)contact time are among the significant factors. By considering these significant interactions, the highest sensitivity was obtained when (A)film layer (3), (B)loading (5 %), and (C)contact time (10 min) in NH3 gas detection. Then, the optimized Ch-g-PANI was tested in the linear range of NH3 gas concentration from 10 to 50 ppm, which resulted in a linear calibration curve with R2 = 0.994 and a detection limit of 15.03 ppm. Sensor performances showed that Ch-g-PANI films possess high selectivity for NH3 gas among the common interfering gases and the film can be reused for up to 6 cycles. Therefore, the new mushroom-sourced Ch-g-PANI is an inexpensive and economical sensor in the NH3 gas sensor field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam
- Advanced Materials for Environmental Remediation (AMER), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Electrochemical Material and Sensor (EMaS) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Syafarina Farisa Sateria
- Advanced Materials for Environmental Remediation (AMER), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Atika Baharin
- Advanced Materials for Environmental Remediation (AMER), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Jannah Azman
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Sarini Ahmad Wakid
- School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Department of Chemistry, School of EnergyTechnology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India
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19
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Gniadek M, Królikowska A, Malinowska S, Donten M. Influence of nanostructural additives on the properties of polypyrrole-based composites. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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20
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Singh A, Yadav BC. Green synthesized ZnO/NiO heterostructures based quick responsive LPG sensor for the detection of below LEL with DFT calculations. RESULTS IN SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rsurfi.2023.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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21
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Pathak AK, Swargiary K, Kongsawang N, Jitpratak P, Ajchareeyasoontorn N, Udomkittivorakul J, Viphavakit C. Recent Advances in Sensing Materials Targeting Clinical Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Biomarkers: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:114. [PMID: 36671949 PMCID: PMC9855562 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In general, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have a high vapor pressure at room temperature (RT). It has been reported that all humans generate unique VOC profiles in their exhaled breath which can be utilized as biomarkers to diagnose disease conditions. The VOCs available in exhaled human breath are the products of metabolic activity in the body and, therefore, any changes in its control level can be utilized to diagnose specific diseases. More than 1000 VOCs have been identified in exhaled human breath along with the respiratory droplets which provide rich information on overall health conditions. This provides great potential as a biomarker for a disease that can be sampled non-invasively from exhaled breath with breath biopsy. However, it is still a great challenge to develop a quick responsive, highly selective, and sensitive VOC-sensing system. The VOC sensors are usually coated with various sensing materials to achieve target-specific detection and real-time monitoring of the VOC molecules in the exhaled breath. These VOC-sensing materials have been the subject of huge interest and extensive research has been done in developing various sensing tools based on electrochemical, chemoresistive, and optical methods. The target-sensitive material with excellent sensing performance and capturing of the VOC molecules can be achieved by optimizing the materials, methods, and its thickness. This review paper extensively provides a detailed literature survey on various non-biological VOC-sensing materials including metal oxides, polymers, composites, and other novel materials. Furthermore, this review provides the associated limitations of each material and a summary table comparing the performance of various sensing materials to give a better insight to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Pathak
- International School of Engineering (ISE), Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kankan Swargiary
- International School of Engineering (ISE), Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuntaporn Kongsawang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pannathorn Jitpratak
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Noppasin Ajchareeyasoontorn
- International School of Engineering (ISE), Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jade Udomkittivorakul
- International School of Engineering (ISE), Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Charusluk Viphavakit
- International School of Engineering (ISE), Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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22
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Kong TT, Zhou JH, Nie F, Zhang C, Shen FX, Dai SW, Pan HT, Gong LX, Zhao L. Sensitive Organic Vapor Sensors Based on Flexible Porous Conductive Composites with Multilevel Pores and Thin, Rough, Hollow-Wall Structure. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224809. [PMID: 36432936 PMCID: PMC9697012 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced organic vapor sensors that simultaneously have high sensitivity, fast response, and good reproducibility are required. Herein, flexible, robust, and conductive vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs)-filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) porous composites (VGCFs/PDMS sponge (CPS)) with multilevel pores and thin, rough, and hollows wall were prepared based on the sacrificial template method and a simple dip-spin-coating process. The optimized material showed outstanding mechanical elasticity and durability, good electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity, as well as excellent acid and alkali tolerance. Additionally, CPS exhibited good reproducible sensing behavior, with a high sensitivity of ~1.5 × 105 s-1 for both static and flowing organic vapor, which was not affected in cases such as 20% squeezing deformation or environment humidity distraction (20~60% RH). Interestingly, both the reproducibility and sensitivity of CPS were better than those of film-shaped VGCFs/PDMS (CP), which has a thickness of two hundred microns. Therefore, the contradiction between the reproducibility and high sensitivity was well-solved here. The above excellent performance could be ascribed to the unique porous structures and the rough, thin, hollow wall of CPS, providing various gas channels and large contact areas for organic vapor penetration and diffusion. This work paves a new way for developing advanced vapor sensors by optimizing and tailoring the pore structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Kong
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jia-Hai Zhou
- Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Feng Nie
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Shen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shou-Wei Dai
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hong-Tao Pan
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li-Xiu Gong
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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23
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Qiu Y, Qu K. Binary organic-inorganic nanocomposite of polyaniline-MnO 2 for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of environmental pollutant nitrite. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114066. [PMID: 35963318 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to wide usage as nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture and food additive in industry, nitrite, as one of inorganic environmental pollutants, could cause detrimental effects to the ecological environment. Therefore, accurate, sensitive and rapid detection of nitrite is necessary. In this work, binary hybrid polyaniline-MnO2 organic-inorganic nanocomposite is prepared chemically and characterized via X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Polyaniline-MnO2 organic-inorganic nanocomposite serves as excellent electrode modifier for electrochemical sensing of nitrite by two modes of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, achieving broad linear ranges and low limits of detection for both methods. Moreover, the organic-inorganic nanocomposite displays satisfactory sensing performance in real water sample analysis. Amine and imino groups of polyaniline contribute to the better adsorption behavior of nitrite onto the nanocomposite, which improves the nanocomposite's sensing performance. In summary, the synergistic effects between polyaniline and MnO2 is taken advantaged in the nanocomposite for effective electrochemical sensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Qiu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China
| | - Ke Qu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China.
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24
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Metal oxide nanofibers based chemiresistive H2S gas sensors. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Ou LX, Liu MY, Zhu LY, Zhang DW, Lu HL. Recent Progress on Flexible Room-Temperature Gas Sensors Based on Metal Oxide Semiconductor. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:206. [PMID: 36271065 PMCID: PMC9587164 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, there is a great demand for portable gas sensors. Metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) are one of the most traditional and well-studied gas sensing materials and have been widely used to prepare various commercial gas sensors. However, it is limited by high operating temperature. The current research works are directed towards fabricating high-performance flexible room-temperature (FRT) gas sensors, which are effective in simplifying the structure of MOS-based sensors, reducing power consumption, and expanding the application of portable devices. This article presents the recent research progress of MOS-based FRT gas sensors in terms of sensing mechanism, performance, flexibility characteristics, and applications. This review comprehensively summarizes and discusses five types of MOS-based FRT gas sensors, including pristine MOS, noble metal nanoparticles modified MOS, organic polymers modified MOS, carbon-based materials (carbon nanotubes and graphene derivatives) modified MOS, and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides materials modified MOS. The effect of light-illuminated to improve gas sensing performance is further discussed. Furthermore, the applications and future perspectives of FRT gas sensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Xi Ou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics &Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics &Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics &Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - David Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics &Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics &Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Hua Y, Ahmadi Y, Kim KH. Molecularly imprinted polymers for sensing gaseous volatile organic compounds: opportunities and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119931. [PMID: 35977643 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical sensors that can detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the subject of extensive research efforts. Among various sensing technologies, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are regarded as a highly promising option for their detection with many advantageous properties, e.g., specific binding-site for template molecules, high recognition specificity, ease of preparation, and chemical stability. This review covers recent advances in the sensing application of MIPs toward various types of VOCs (e.g., aliphatic and aromatic compounds). Particular emphasis has been placed on multiple approaches to the synthesis of MIP-based VOC sensors in association with their performance and sensing mechanisms. Current challenges and opportunities for new VOC-sensing applications are also discussed based on MIP technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbiao Hua
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Younes Ahmadi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Lei G, Pan H, Mei H, Liu X, Lu G, Lou C, Li Z, Zhang J. Emerging single atom catalysts in gas sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7260-7280. [PMID: 35899763 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs) offer unprecedented opportunities for high-efficiency reactions taking place in many important fields of catalytic processes, electrochemistry, and photoreactions. Due to their maximized atomic utilization and unique electronic and chemical properties, SACs can provide high activity and excellent selectivity for gas adsorption and electron transport, leveraging SACs that enhance the detection sensitivity and selectivity to target gases. In the past few years, SACs including both noble (Pt, Pd, Au, etc.) and non-noble (Mn, Ni, Zn etc.) metals have been demonstrated to be very useful in optimizing sensing performances. However, a comprehensive review on this topic is still missing. Herein, we summarize the synthesis technologies of SACs that are applicable to gas sensors. The electronic and chemical interactions between SACs and host sensing materials, which are crucial to sensor functions, are discussed. Then, we highlight the application progress of various SACs in gas sensors. Prospects in the creation of new sensing materials with emerging SACs and versatile supports are also present. Finally, the challenges and prospects of SACs in the future development of sensors are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Lei
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Hongyin Pan
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Houshan Mei
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xianghong Liu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Guocai Lu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Chengming Lou
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zishuo Li
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Aleksandrova M. Texturing of nanocoatings for surface acoustic wave-based sensors for volatile organic compounds. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
An approach for texturing of gas-sensitive nanocoatings by using surface acoustic waves (SAW) is presented in this article. The objective of the work is to enhance the performance of precise SAW-based gas sensors due to the increased specific area of the sensitive nanocoating, induced during its growth and to replace the expensive lithographic techniques for nanopatterning, typically used for this purpose. The technique can be used for tuneable alignment of nanoparticles or nanowires and it is scale-independent. To control the texture of the sensitive nanocoating, a specific electrode topology was used to generate waves with a specific space distribution, which in turn caused assembling of the nanoparticles increasing the adsorption capacity. In this way, a broader dynamic range of 7,000 ppm was achieved (three times extended as compared to the non-textured sensing film), measurement error of 0.6% against 4% for the non-patterned, faster response time in the sub-seconds range (970 ms vs 1.1 s), negligible hysteresis of 10 mV (against >100 mV), and very good sensitivity of 5 µV per ppm, which are in line with the current standards for ethanol sensors. The enhanced sensor parameters were achieved by implementation of conventional patterning technologies without the need for nanolithographic techniques for the texturing the nanocoating. The method is low-cost, and applicable in a variety of sensing structures despite the sensing coating (optical, biological, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Aleksandrova
- Department of Microelectronics, Technical University of Sofia , Sofia 1000 , Bulgaria
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Hu W, Wu W, Jian Y, Haick H, Zhang G, Qian Y, Yuan M, Yao M. Volatolomics in healthcare and its advanced detection technology. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:8185-8213. [PMID: 35789633 PMCID: PMC9243817 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Various diseases increasingly challenge the health status and life quality of human beings. Volatolome emitted from patients has been considered as a potential family of markers, volatolomics, for diagnosis/screening. There are two fundamental issues of volatolomics in healthcare. On one hand, the solid relationship between the volatolome and specific diseases needs to be clarified and verified. On the other hand, effective methods should be explored for the precise detection of volatolome. Several comprehensive review articles had been published in this field. However, a timely and systematical summary and elaboration is still desired. In this review article, the research methodology of volatolomics in healthcare is critically considered and given out, at first. Then, the sets of volatolome according to specific diseases through different body sources and the analytical instruments for their identifications are systematically summarized. Thirdly, the advanced electronic nose and photonic nose technologies for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detection are well introduced. The existed obstacles and future perspectives are deeply thought and discussed. This article could give a good guidance to researchers in this interdisciplinary field, not only understanding the cutting-edge detection technologies for doctors (medicinal background), but also making reference to clarify the choice of aimed VOCs during the sensor research for chemists, materials scientists, electronics engineers, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Hu
- School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, 730107 China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an, 730107 China
| | - Yingying Jian
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an, 730107 China
| | - Hossam Haick
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200002 Israel
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Yun Qian
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033 China
| | - Mingshui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 310006 China
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
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