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Khan IR, Sadida HQ, Hashem S, Singh M, Macha MA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Khurshid I, Bhat AA. Therapeutic implications of signaling pathways and tumor microenvironment interactions in esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116873. [PMID: 38843587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and altered signaling pathways. Downregulating these pathways in EC is essential for suppressing tumor development, preventing metastasis, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. This approach can increase tumor sensitivity to treatments, enhance patient outcomes, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and spread. The TME, comprising cellular and non-cellular elements surrounding the tumor, significantly influences EC's development, course, and treatment responsiveness. Understanding the complex relationships within the TME is crucial for developing successful EC treatments. Immunotherapy is a vital TME treatment for EC. However, the heterogeneity within the TME limits the application of anticancer drugs outside clinical settings. Therefore, identifying reliable microenvironmental biomarkers that can detect therapeutic responses before initiating therapy is crucial. Combining approaches focusing on EC signaling pathways with TME can enhance treatment outcomes. This integrated strategy aims to interfere with essential signaling pathways promoting cancer spread while disrupting factors encouraging tumor development. Unraveling aberrant signaling pathways and TME components can lead to more focused and efficient treatment approaches, identifying specific cellular targets for treatments. Targeting the TME and signaling pathways may reduce metastasis risk by interfering with mechanisms facilitating cancer cell invasion and dissemination. In conclusion, this integrative strategy has significant potential for improving patient outcomes and advancing EC research and therapy. This review discusses the altered signaling pathways and TME in EC, focusing on potential future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inamu Rashid Khan
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Ibraq Khurshid
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
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Santos-Ribeiro D, Cunha C, Carvalho A. Humoral pathways of innate immune regulation in granuloma formation. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:419-427. [PMID: 38762333 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The humoral arm of mammalian innate immunity regulates several molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to pathogens, inflammation, and tissue repair. Recent studies highlight the crucial role played by humoral mediators in granulomatous inflammation. However the molecular mechanisms linking the function of these soluble molecules to the initiation and maintenance of granulomas remain elusive. We propose that humoral innate immunity coordinates fundamental physiological processes in macrophages which, in turn, initiate activation and transformation events that enable granuloma formation. We discuss the involvement of humoral mediators in processes such as immune activation, phagocytosis, metabolism, and tissue remodeling, and how these can dictate macrophage functionality during granuloma formation. These advances present opportunities for discovering novel disease factors and developing targeted, more effective treatments for granulomatous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Santos-Ribeiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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3
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Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Xu H. Potential therapeutic targets in myeloid cell therapy for overcoming chemoresistance and immune suppression in gastrointestinal tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104362. [PMID: 38614267 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), myeloid cells play a pivotal role. Myeloid-derived immunosuppressive cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are central components in shaping the immunosuppressive milieu of the tumor. Within the TME, a majority of TAMs assume an M2 phenotype, characterized by their pro-tumoral activity. These cells promote tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. In contrast, M1 macrophages, under appropriate activation conditions, exhibit cytotoxic capabilities against cancer cells. However, an excessive M1 response may lead to pro-tumoral inflammation. As a result, myeloid cells have emerged as crucial targets in cancer therapy. This review concentrates on gastrointestinal tumors, detailing methods for targeting macrophages to enhance tumor radiotherapy and immunotherapy sensitivity. We specifically delve into monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages' various functions, establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment, promoting tumorigenic inflammation, and fostering neovascularization and stromal remodeling. Additionally, we examine combination therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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Tan C, Li Y, Wang K, Lin Y, Chen Y, Zheng X. Causal roles and clinical utility of cardiovascular proteins in colorectal cancer risk: a multi-modal study integrating mendelian randomization, expression profiling, and survival analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:138. [PMID: 38778378 PMCID: PMC11110250 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This comprehensive investigation delved into the intricate causal interplay existing between cardiovascular-related plasma proteins and the susceptibility to colorectal cancer, leveraging the robust framework of Mendelian randomization, and employed expression profiling and survival analysis to unravel the latent clinical worth embedded within pertinent gene expressions. METHODS Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) of 85 cardiovascular proteins were employed as instrumental variables to investigate the causal relationship between proteins and CRC risk using a Mendelian randomization approach. Causal inferences were graded as strong, intermediate or weak based on statistical checks. Drug-target MR examined VEGF receptors for their potential as therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer. Differential expression analysis, diagnostic ROC curves, and survival analyses were performed for identified proteins using RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colorectal cancer cohort. RESULTS Using cis-pQTLs, LOX-1, VEGF-A and OPG were associated with increased CRC risk (strong evidence), while PTX3, TNF-R2 and MMP-7 were protective (strong evidence). Pan-pQTL analysis found MMP-10 increased risk (intermediate evidence) and ADM increased risk (weak evidence). Drug-target MR found VEGF R1 may be promising therapeutic targets. Differential expression analysis revealed seven genes encoding the identified proteins were dysregulated in tumors. ROC analysis showed five gene expression had high diagnostic accuracy. KM analysis showed four genes had prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale MR study implicates several cardiovascular proteins in CRC susceptibility and progression. Findings highlight roles for VEGF signaling and extracellular matrix regulation. Results nominate specific proteins as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Tan
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Li
- General Practice Department at the Second Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 318 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| | - Kexin Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lin
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xuebao Zheng
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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5
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Solomou G, Young AMH, Bulstrode HJCJ. Microglia and macrophages in glioblastoma: landscapes and treatment directions. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38712663 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the central nervous system and remains uniformly and rapidly fatal. The tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) compartment comprises brain-resident microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) recruited from the periphery. Immune-suppressive and tumour-supportive TAM cell states predominate in glioblastoma, and immunotherapies, which have achieved striking success in other solid tumours have consistently failed to improve survival in this 'immune-cold' niche context. Hypoxic and necrotic regions in the tumour core are found to enrich, especially in anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive TAM cell states. Microglia predominate at the invasive tumour margin and express pro-inflammatory and interferon TAM cell signatures. Depletion of TAMs, or repolarisation towards a pro-inflammatory state, are appealing therapeutic strategies and will depend on effective understanding and classification of TAM cell ontogeny and state based on new single-cell and spatial multi-omic in situ profiling. Here, we explore the application of these datasets to expand and refine TAM characterisation, to inform improved modelling approaches, and ultimately underpin the effective manipulation of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Solomou
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam M H Young
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harry J C J Bulstrode
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Liu J, Qiu C, Zhou Z, Li J, Zhen Y, Wang R, Zhuang Y, Zhang F. Pentraxin 3 exacerbates psoriasiform dermatitis through regulation of macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111805. [PMID: 38457930 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanism of Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in the pathogenesis of psoriasiform dermatitis using Ptx3-knockout (Ptx3-KO) background mice. METHODS An Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced murine psoriatic model was created using Ptx3-KO (Ptx3-/-) and wild-type (Ptx3+/+) mice. Skin lesion severity and expression of inflammatory mediators (IL-6 and TNFα) were assessed using PASI score and ELISA, respectively. Cutaneous tissues from the two mice groups were subjected to histological analyses, including HE staining, Masson staining, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). The PTX3, iNOS, COX2, and Arg1 expressions were quantified and compared between the two groups. We used RNA-seq to clarify the underlying mechanisms of the disease. Flow cytometry was used to analyze systemic Th17 cell differentiation and macrophage polarization. RESULT The psoriatic region exhibited a higher PTX3 expression than the normal cutaneous area. Moreover, PTX3 was upregulated in HaCaT cells post-TNFα stimulation. Upon IMQ stimulation, Ptx3-/- mice displayed a lower degree of the psoriasiform dermatitis phenotype compared to Ptx3+/+ mice. Consistent with the RNA-seq results, further experiments confirmed that compared to the wild-type group, the PTX3-KO group exhibited a generally lower IL-6, TNFα, iNOS, and COX2 expression and a contrasting trend in macrophage polarization. However, no significant difference in Th17 cell activation was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that PTX3 was upregulated in psoriatic skin tissues and TNFα-stimulated HaCaT cells. We also discovered that PTX3 deficiency in mice ameliorated the psoriasiform dermatitis phenotype upon IMQ stimulation. Mechanistically, PTX3 exacerbates psoriasiform dermatitis by regulating macrophage polarization rather than Th17 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Zhonghua Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Jinxu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yunyue Zhen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
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Saxena R, Gottlin EB, Campa MJ, Bushey RT, Guo J, Patz EF, He YW. Complement factor H: a novel innate immune checkpoint in cancer immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1302490. [PMID: 38389705 PMCID: PMC10883309 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1302490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The elimination of cancer cells critically depends on the immune system. However, cancers have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms to evade immune monitoring, leading to tumor progression. Complement factor H (CFH), predominately known for its function in inhibiting the alternative pathway of the complement system, has recently been identified as an important innate immunological checkpoint in cancer. CFH-mediated immunosuppression enhances tumor cells' ability to avoid immune recognition and produce an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review explores the molecular underpinnings, interactions with immune cells, clinical consequences, and therapeutic possibilities of CFH as an innate immune checkpoint in cancer control. The difficulties and opportunities of using CFH as a target in cancer immunotherapy are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Saxena
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth B Gottlin
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael J Campa
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ryan T Bushey
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Edward F Patz
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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Panebianco M, Ciccarese C, Strusi A, Beccia V, Carbone C, Agostini A, Piro G, Tortora G, Iacovelli R. The Role of the Complement in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma (ccRCC)-What Future Prospects Are There for Its Use in Clinical Practice? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:490. [PMID: 38339243 PMCID: PMC10854780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the first-line available therapeutic options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have radically changed with the introduction into clinical practice of new immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations. Many efforts are focusing on identifying novel prognostic and predictive markers in this setting. The complement system (CS) plays a central role in promoting the growth and progression of mRCC. In particular, mRCC has been defined as an "aggressive complement tumor", which encompasses a group of malignancies with poor prognosie and highly expressed complement components. Several preclinical and retrospective studies have demonstrated the negative prognostic role of the complement in mRCC; however, there is little evidence on its possible role as a predictor of the response to ICIs. The purpose of this review is to explore more deeply the physio-pathological role of the complement in the development of RCC and its possible future use in clinical practice as a prognostic and predictive factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Panebianco
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Chiara Ciccarese
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Alessandro Strusi
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Viria Beccia
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Roberto Iacovelli
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (C.C.); (A.A.); (G.P.); (G.T.)
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (V.B.)
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Chen FW, Wu YL, Cheng CC, Hsiao YW, Chi JY, Hung LY, Chang CP, Lai MD, Wang JM. Inactivation of pentraxin 3 suppresses M2-like macrophage activity and immunosuppression in colon cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:10. [PMID: 38243273 PMCID: PMC10799366 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment is characterized by inflammation-like and immunosuppression situations. Although cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are among the major stromal cell types in various solid cancers, including colon cancer, the interactions between CAFs and immune cells remains largely uncharacterized. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is responsive to proinflammatory cytokines and modulates immunity and tissue remodeling, but its involvement in tumor progression appears to be context-dependent and is unclear. METHODS Open-access databases were utilized to examine the association of PTX3 expression and the fibroblast signature in colon cancer. Loss-of-function assays, including studies in tamoxifen-induced Ptx3 knockout mice and treatment with an anti-PTX3 neutralizing antibody (WHC-001), were conducted to assess the involvement of PTX3 in colon cancer progression as well as its immunosuppressive effect. Finally, bioinformatic analyses and in vitro assays were performed to reveal the downstream effectors and decipher the involvement of the CREB1/CEBPB axis in response to PTX3 and PTX3-induced promotion of M2 macrophage polarization. RESULTS Clinically, higher PTX3 expression was positively correlated with fibroblasts and inflammatory response signatures and associated with a poor survival outcome in colon cancer patients. Blockade of PTX3 significantly reduced stromal cell-mediated tumor development. The decrease of the M2 macrophage population and an increase of the cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell population were observed following PTX3 inactivation in allografted colon tumors. We further revealed that activation of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) mediated the PTX3-induced promotion of M2 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSIONS PTX3 contributes to stromal cell-mediated protumor immunity by increasing M2-like macrophage polarization, and inhibition of PTX3 with WHC-001 is a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Wei Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ling Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ying Chi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Hung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Peng Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Derg Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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10
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Yuan J, Yu S. Comprehensive Analysis Reveals Prognostic and Therapeutic Immunity-Related Biomarkers for Pediatric Metastatic Osteosarcoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:95. [PMID: 38256356 PMCID: PMC10820594 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, presents a complex pathogenesis characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations. This study aims to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pediatric osteosarcoma, with a focus on those influencing metastasis and patient survival. Materials and Methods: We utilized the GSE33382 dataset from the GEO database for a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. This included a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to identify central DEGs associated with osteosarcoma metastasis and patient survival. Results: Our analysis identified 88 DEGs related to osteosarcoma metastasis. Among them, three survival-related central DEGs-C1QA, CD74, and HLA-DMA-were significantly linked to patient outcomes. Further correlation analysis established a strong relationship between these genes, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint gene expression, and overall survival. Notably, C1QA and CD74 exhibited higher expression in non-metastatic osteosarcoma cases, suggesting a potential role in disease progression. Conclusions: The identified DEGs, particularly C1QA, CD74, and HLA-DMA, may serve as critical biomarkers for pediatric osteosarcoma prognosis and potential targets for immunotherapy. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the molecular landscape of osteosarcoma and open new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shengji Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China;
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11
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Ma YJ, Parente R, Zhong H, Sun Y, Garlanda C, Doni A. Complement-pentraxins synergy: Navigating the immune battlefield and beyond. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115878. [PMID: 37952357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement is a crucial immune defense system that triggers rapid immune responses and offers efficient protection against foreign invaders and unwanted host elements, acting as a sentinel. Activation of the complement system occurs upon the recognition of pathogenic microorganisms or altered self-cells by pattern-recognition molecules (PRMs) such as C1q, collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins. Recent accumulating evidence shows that pentraxins establish a cooperative network with different classes of effector PRMs, resulting in synergistic effects in complement activation. This review describes the complex interaction of pentraxins with the complement system and the implications of this cooperative network for effective host defense during pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jie Ma
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.
| | | | - Hang Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Zajkowska M, Mroczko B. The Role of Pentraxin 3 in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5832. [PMID: 38136377 PMCID: PMC10741769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers have become a huge problem worldwide as the number of new cases continues to increase. Due to the growing need to explore new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the detection and treatment of cancerous lesions, we sought to elucidate the role of Pentraxin-3 in the progression of cancerous lesions, as it is involved in the process of angiogenesis and inflammation. Statistically significant changes in the concentration of this parameter have emerged in many gastrointestinal cancer patients. Moreover, it is related to the advancement of cancer, as well as processes leading to the development of those changes. In the case of studies concerning tissue material, both increased and decreased tissue expression of the tested parameter were observed and were dependent on the type of cancer. In the case of cell lines, both human and animal, a significant increase in Pentraxin 3 gene expression was observed, which confirmed the changes observed at the protein level. In conclusion, it can be assumed that PTX3, both at the level of gene expression and protein concentrations, is highly useful in the detection of gastrointestinal cancers, and its use as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target may be useful in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zajkowska
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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13
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Meri S, Magrini E, Mantovani A, Garlanda C. The Yin Yang of Complement and Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1578-1588. [PMID: 37902610 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related inflammation is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Complement activation occurs in cancer and supports the development of an inflammatory microenvironment. Complement has traditionally been considered a mechanism of immune resistance against cancer, and its activation is known to contribute to the cytolytic effects of antibody-based immunotherapeutic treatments. However, several studies have recently revealed that complement activation may exert protumoral functions by sustaining cancer-related inflammation and immunosuppression through different molecular mechanisms, targeting both the TME and cancer cells. These new discoveries have revealed that complement manipulation can be considered a new strategy for cancer therapies. Here we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms by which the different elements of the complement system exert antitumor or protumor functions, both in preclinical studies and in human tumorigenesis. Complement components can serve as disease biomarkers for cancer stratification and prognosis and be exploited for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppo Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and Translational Immunology Research Program, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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14
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Lasorsa F, Rutigliano M, Milella M, Ferro M, Pandolfo SD, Crocetto F, Simone S, Gesualdo L, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Complement System and the Kidney: Its Role in Renal Diseases, Kidney Transplantation and Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16515. [PMID: 38003705 PMCID: PMC10671650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk among the complement system, immune cells, and mediators of inflammation provides an efficient mechanism to protect the organism against infections and support the repair of damaged tissues. Alterations in this complex machinery play a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Core complement proteins C3 and C5, their activation fragments, their receptors, and their regulators have been shown to be active intracellularly as the complosome. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to complement-induced damage, and emerging findings have revealed the role of complement system dysregulation in a wide range of kidney disorders, including glomerulopathies and ischemia-reperfusion injury during kidney transplantation. Different studies have shown that activation of the complement system is an important component of tumorigenesis and its elements have been proved to be present in the TME of various human malignancies. The role of the complement system in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been recently explored. Clear cell and papillary RCC upregulate most of the complement genes relative to normal kidney tissue. The aim of this narrative review is to provide novel insights into the role of complement in kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Milella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 71013 Milan, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Simone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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15
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Sun Y, Liu L, Yang R. PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease by regulating the NF-κB pathway. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220735. [PMID: 37941784 PMCID: PMC10628575 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance leads to serious complications in Kawasaki disease (KD) with no effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). PTX3 levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting. Cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. Biological functions were analyzed using CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, TUNEL, and qRT-PCR. The levels of factors of the NF-κB pathway were examined using western blotting. The results demonstrated that PTX3 expression was highest in patients and HCAECs with IVIG-resistance. Knockdown of PTX3 promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis and inflammation of IVIG-resistant HCAECs, whereas PTX3 overexpression produced the opposite results. Moreover, PTX3 activated the NF-κB pathway in IVIG-resistant HCAECs. A rescue study showed that PTX3 modulated biological behaviors by regulating the NF-κB pathway. Overall, our findings demonstrate that PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury by activating the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that PTX3 may become a novel therapeutic target for patients with IVIG-resistant KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Children’s Hospital of Shanxi (Women Health Center of Shanxi), No. 65, Jinxi Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030025, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Children’s Hospital of Shanxi (Women Health Center of Shanxi), No. 65, Jinxi Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030025, China
| | - Ruihua Yang
- Children’s Hospital of Shanxi (Women Health Center of Shanxi), No. 65, Jinxi Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030025, China
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16
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Qiu C, Liu J, Li J, Di D, Li M, Liu T, Wang X, Zhao Y, Wang L, Liu X. Pentraxin 3 deficiency ameliorates the severity of osteoarthritis and alleviates inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 677:20-25. [PMID: 37542771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint disorders, characterized by articular cartilage breakdown, synovitis, osteophytes generation and subchondral bone sclerosis. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a long pentraxin protein, secreted by immune cells, and PTX3 is identified to play a critical role in inflammation and macrophage polarization. However, the underlying mechanism of PTX3 in osteoarthritis under the circumstance of Ptx3-knockout (KO) mice model is still unknown. METHODS Murine destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) OA model was created in Ptx3-knockout (KO) and wildtype mice, respectively. The degenerative status of cartilage was detected by Safranin O, H&E staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and micro-CT. OARSI scoring was employed to assess the proteoglycan of cartilage. Serum inflammatory cytokines were examined by ELISA and systematic macrophage polarization in spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Safranin O and H&E staining confirmed that the joint cartilage was mostly with reduced degeneration in both the senior KO mice and the DMM model generated from the KO mice, compared to the WT group. This is also supported by micro-CT examination and OARSI scoring. Immunohistochemistry illustrated an up-regulation of Aggrecan and Collagen 2 and down-regulation of ADAMTS-5 and MMP13 in KO mice in comparison with the WT mice. ELISA indicated a dramatical decrease in the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in KO mice. Polarization of M2-like macrophages was observed in the KO group. CONCLUSION Pentraxin 3 deficiency significantly ameliorated the severity of osteoarthritis by preventing cartilage degeneration and alleviated systematic inflammation by inducing M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Jinghang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Derun Di
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Manyu Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Molecular Orthopaedics, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Lianlei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
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17
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Massimino AM, Colella FE, Bottazzi B, Inforzato A. Structural insights into the biological functions of the long pentraxin PTX3. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274634. [PMID: 37885881 PMCID: PMC10598717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) are a heterogenous group of proteins that recognize pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively), and cooperate with cell-borne receptors in the orchestration of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogenic insults and tissue damage. Amongst soluble PRMs, pentraxins are a family of highly conserved proteins with distinctive structural features. Originally identified in the early 1990s as an early inflammatory gene, PTX3 is the prototype of long pentraxins. Unlike the short pentraxin C reactive protein (CRP), whose expression is mostly confined to the liver, PTX3 is made by several immune and non-immune cells at sites of infection and inflammation, where it intercepts fundamental aspects of infection immunity, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. Of note, PTX3 cross talks to components of the complement system to control cancer-related inflammation and disposal of pathogens. Also, it is an essential component of inflammatory extracellular matrices (ECMs) through crosslinking of hyaluronic acid and turn-over of provisional fibrin networks that assemble at sites of tissue injury. This functional diversity is mediated by unique structural characteristics whose fine details have been unveiled only recently. Here, we revisit the structure/function relationships of this long pentraxin in light of the most recent advances in its structural biology, with a focus on the interplay with complement and the emerging roles as a component of the ECM. Differences to and similarities with the short pentraxins are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Humoral Innate Immunity, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Humoral Innate Immunity, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
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18
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Li R, Sexton WJ, Dhillon J, Berglund A, Naidu S, Borjas G, Rose K, Kim Y, Wang X, Conejo-Garcia JR, Jain RK, Poch MA, Spiess PE, Pow-Sang J, Gilbert SM, Zhang J. A Phase II Study of Durvalumab for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Unresponsive Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ of the Bladder. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3875-3881. [PMID: 37505486 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint blockade holds promise for treating bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). In this phase II study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of durvalumab, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, against BCG-unresponsive carcinoma in situ (CIS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with BCG-unresponsive CIS-containing NMIBC received durvalumab IV at 1,500 mg every 4 weeks for up to 12 months. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) rate at month 6, defined by negative cystoscopy, urine cytology, and absence of high-grade recurrence on bladder mapping biopsy. The null hypothesis specified a CR rate of 18% and alternative hypothesis of 40%. According to the Simon two-stage design, if ≤3/13 patients achieved CR during stage 1, the trial is stopped due to futility. RESULTS Between March 8, 2017, and January 24, 2020, 17 patients were accrued whereas 4 withdrew from study treatment after bladder biopsy at month 3 was positive for CIS. Two of 17 (12%) achieved a CR at month 6, with duration of response of 10 and 18 months, respectively. A single grade 3 lipase elevation was attributed to durvalumab, and immune-related adverse events were observed in 7/17 (41%) patients. Only 1/17 patients had high programmed death-ligand 1 expression pretreatment. On RNA sequencing, complement activation genes were elevated posttreatment, along with enrichment of tumor-associated macrophage signature. CONCLUSIONS Durvalumab monotherapy conferred minimal efficacy in treating BCG-unresponsive CIS of the bladder, with 6-month CR of 12%. Complement activation is a potential mechanism behind treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Li
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Wade J Sexton
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics/Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Shreyas Naidu
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gustavo Borjas
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kyle Rose
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics/Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics/Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Rohit K Jain
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael A Poch
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Scott M Gilbert
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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19
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Giacomini A, Turati M, Grillo E, Rezzola S, Ghedini GC, Schuind AC, Foglio E, Maccarinelli F, Faletti J, Filiberti S, Chambery A, Valletta M, Melocchi L, Gofflot S, Chiavarina B, Turtoi A, Presta M, Ronca R. The PTX3/TLR4 autocrine loop as a novel therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:82. [PMID: 37749607 PMCID: PMC10519006 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern recognition receptor long pentraxin-3 (PTX3) plays conflicting roles in cancer by acting as an oncosuppressor or as a pro-tumor mediator depending on tumor context. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive histotype of breast cancer, characterized by the lack of efficacious therapeutic targets/approaches and poor prognosis. Thus, the characterization of new molecular pathways and/or alternative druggable targets is of great interest in TNBC. METHODS The expression of PTX3 in BC tumor samples and in BC cell lines has been analyzed using the Gene Expression-Based Outcome for Breast Cancer Online (GOBO), qPCR, Western blot and ELISA assay. The contribution of tumor and stromal cells to PTX3 production in TNBC was assessed by analyzing single cell RNA sequencing data and RNAscope performed on TNBC tumor samples. In order to investigate the effects of PTX3 in TNBC, different cell lines were engineered to knock-down (MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells) or overexpress (MDA-MB-468 and E0771 cells) PTX3. Finally, using these engineered cells, in vitro (including gene expression profiling and gene set enrichment analyses) and in vivo (orthotopic tumor models in immune-compromised and immune competent mice) analyses were performed to assess the role and the molecular mechanism(s) exerted by PTX3 in TNBC. RESULTS In silico and experimental data indicate that PTX3 is mainly produced by tumor cells in TNBC and that its expression levels correlate with tumor stage. Accordingly, gene expression and in vitro results demonstrate that PTX3 overexpression confers a high aggressive/proliferative phenotype and fosters stem-like features in TNBC cells. Also, PTX3 expression induces a more tumorigenic potential when TNBC cells are grafted orthotopically in vivo. Conversely, PTX3 downregulation results in a less aggressive behavior of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, our data reveal that PTX3 drives the activation of the pro-tumorigenic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in TNBC, demonstrating for the first time that the PTX3/TLR4 autocrine stimulation loop contributes to TNBC aggressiveness and that TLR4 inhibition significantly impacts the growth of PTX3-producing TNBC cells. CONCLUSION Altogether, these data shed light on the role of tumor-produced PTX3 in TNBC and uncover the importance of the PTX3/TLR4 axis for therapeutic and prognostic exploitation in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marta Turati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaia Cristina Ghedini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ander Churruca Schuind
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Foglio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Maccarinelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jessica Faletti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Serena Filiberti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
| | - Mariangela Valletta
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
| | - Laura Melocchi
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza Hospital Institute, Brescia, 25121, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Chiavarina
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marco Presta
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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20
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Marin AM, Batista M, Korte de Azevedo AL, Bombardelli Gomig TH, Soares Caldeira Brant R, Chammas R, Uno M, Dias Araújo D, Zanette DL, Nóbrega Aoki M. Screening of Exosome-Derived Proteins and Their Potential as Biomarkers in Diagnostic and Prognostic for Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12604. [PMID: 37628784 PMCID: PMC10454563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the oncological area, pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal diseases, with 5-year survival rising just 10% in high-development countries. This disease is genetically characterized by KRAS as a driven mutation followed by SMAD4, CDKN2, and TP53-associated mutations. In clinical aspects, pancreatic cancer presents unspecific clinical symptoms with the absence of screening and early plasmatic biomarker, being that CA19-9 is the unique plasmatic biomarker having specificity and sensitivity limitations. We analyzed the plasmatic exosome proteomic profile of 23 patients with pancreatic cancer and 10 healthy controls by using Nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (NanoLC-MS/MS). The pancreatic cancer patients were subdivided into IPMN and PDAC. Our findings show 33, 34, and 7 differentially expressed proteins when comparing the IPMN vs. control, PDAC-No treatment vs. control, and PDAC-No treatment vs. IPMN groups, highlighting proteins of the complement system and coagulation, such as C3, APOB, and SERPINA. Additionally, PDAC with no treatment showed 11 differentially expressed proteins when compared to Folfirinox neoadjuvant therapy or Gemcitabine adjuvant therapy. So here, we found plasmatic exosome-derived differentially expressed proteins among cancer patients (IPMN, PDAC) when comparing with healthy controls, which could represent alternative biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation, supporting further scientific and clinical studies on pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelis Maria Marin
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (M.B.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Michel Batista
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (M.B.); (D.L.Z.)
- Mass Spectrometry Facility RPT02H, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luiz Korte de Azevedo
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Genetic Department, University of Parana State (UFPR), Curitiba 80060-000, Brazil; (A.L.K.d.A.); (T.H.B.G.)
| | - Talita Helen Bombardelli Gomig
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Genetic Department, University of Parana State (UFPR), Curitiba 80060-000, Brazil; (A.L.K.d.A.); (T.H.B.G.)
| | - Rodrigo Soares Caldeira Brant
- Mass Spectrometry Facility RPT02H, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology (C2PO), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.); (D.D.A.)
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology (C2PO), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.); (D.D.A.)
| | - Diogo Dias Araújo
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology (C2PO), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.); (D.D.A.)
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (M.B.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (M.B.); (D.L.Z.)
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21
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Kotsari M, Dimopoulou V, Koskinas J, Armakolas A. Immune System and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): New Insights into HCC Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11471. [PMID: 37511228 PMCID: PMC10380581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO's recently released worldwide cancer data for 2020, liver cancer ranks sixth in morbidity and third in mortality among all malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common kind of liver cancer, accounts approximately for 80% of all primary liver malignancies and is one of the leading causes of death globally. The intractable tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the development and progression of HCC and is one of three major unresolved issues in clinical practice (cancer recurrence, fatal metastasis, and the refractory tumor microenvironment). Despite significant advances, improved molecular and cellular characterization of the tumor microenvironment is still required since it plays an important role in the genesis and progression of HCC. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the HCC immune microenvironment, distinct cellular constituents, current therapies, and potential immunotherapy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kotsari
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Dimopoulou
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - John Koskinas
- B' Department of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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22
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Lv X, Mao Z, Sun X, Liu B. Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2709. [PMID: 37345046 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (LC) is always a challenge. The difficulty in the decision of therapeutic schedule and diagnosis is directly related to intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in the progression of LC. It has been proven that most tumors emerge and evolve under the pressure of their living microenvironment, which involves genetic, immunological, metabolic, and therapeutic components. While most research on ITH revealed multiple mechanisms and characteristic, a systemic exposition of ITH in LC is still hard to find. In this review, we describe how ITH in LC develops from the perspective of space and time. We discuss elaborate details and affection of every aspect of ITH in LC and the relationship between them. Based on ITH in LC, we describe a more accurate multidisciplinary therapeutic strategy on LC and provide the newest opinion on the potential approach of LC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Lv
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Zixian Mao
- Pujiang Community Health Center of Minhang District of Shanghai, Shanghai 201114, China
| | - Xianjun Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Baojun Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
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23
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Li Mow Chee F, Beernaert B, Griffith BGC, Loftus AEP, Kumar Y, Wills JC, Lee M, Valli J, Wheeler AP, Armstrong JD, Parsons M, Leigh IM, Proby CM, von Kriegsheim A, Bickmore WA, Frame MC, Byron A. Mena regulates nesprin-2 to control actin-nuclear lamina associations, trans-nuclear membrane signalling and gene expression. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1602. [PMID: 36959177 PMCID: PMC10036544 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix, mediated by integrin adhesion complexes, play key roles in fundamental cellular processes, including the sensing and transduction of mechanical cues. Here, we investigate systems-level changes in the integrin adhesome in patient-derived cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells and identify the actin regulatory protein Mena as a key node in the adhesion complex network. Mena is connected within a subnetwork of actin-binding proteins to the LINC complex component nesprin-2, with which it interacts and co-localises at the nuclear envelope. Moreover, Mena potentiates the interactions of nesprin-2 with the actin cytoskeleton and the nuclear lamina. CRISPR-mediated Mena depletion causes altered nuclear morphology, reduces tyrosine phosphorylation of the nuclear membrane protein emerin and downregulates expression of the immunomodulatory gene PTX3 via the recruitment of its enhancer to the nuclear periphery. We uncover an unexpected role for Mena at the nuclear membrane, where it controls nuclear architecture, chromatin repositioning and gene expression. Our findings identify an adhesion protein that regulates gene transcription via direct signalling across the nuclear envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Li Mow Chee
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Bruno Beernaert
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Billie G C Griffith
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Alexander E P Loftus
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Yatendra Kumar
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jimi C Wills
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Martin Lee
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jessica Valli
- Edinburgh Super Resolution Imaging Consortium, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Ann P Wheeler
- Advanced Imaging Resource, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - J Douglas Armstrong
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9LE, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Irene M Leigh
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Charlotte M Proby
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Wendy A Bickmore
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Margaret C Frame
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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24
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Bai Q, Fan R, Zhong N, Liu J, Pan X, Yao H, Ma J. Host PTX3 Protein and Bacterial Capsule Coordinately Regulate the Inflammatory Response during Streptococcus suis Infection. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030239. [PMID: 36977278 PMCID: PMC10059727 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is a noteworthy zoonotic pathogen that has been responsible for large economic losses in pig production and a great threat to human health. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential regulator of the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens; however, its role during SS2 infection is not fully understood. In this study, we found that the SS2 strain HA9801 induced a significant inflammatory response in the mouse air pouch model; this response was amplified by the treatment of exogenous PTX3 simultaneously in terms of the results of inflammatory cell recruitment and proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 production. In addition, PTX3 facilitated the phagocytosis of macrophage Ana-1 against SS2 strain HA9801. The supplementation of exogenous PTX3 significantly reduced the bacterial loads in a dose-dependent manner in lungs, livers and bloods of SS2-infected mice compared to the samples with HA9801 infection alone; this finding indicated that PTX3 may facilitate the bacterial clearance through enhancing the host inflammatory response during SS2 infection. Both PTX3 and SS2 capsular polysaccharide (CPS2) were required for the robust inflammatory response, implying that the host PTX3 protein and SS2 surface CPS2 modulate the host innate immune response in concert. All of these results suggested that PTX3 is a potential novel biological agent for the SS2 infection; however, the recommended dose of PTX3 must be evaluated strictly to avoid inducing an excessive inflammatory response that can cause serious tissue injury and animal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Bai
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruhui Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ningyuan Zhong
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianan Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinming Pan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huochun Yao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiale Ma
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing 210095, China
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25
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Gao J, Zhang H, Yang Y, Tao J. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2023; 46:835-852. [PMID: 36897552 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytoplasmic multiprotein complex composed of the innate immune receptor protein NLRP3, the adapter protein apoptosis-associate speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and the inflammatory protease cysteine-1. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or other endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. As part of the innate immune response, activated NLRP3 promotes GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis, and IL-1β and IL-18 are released during inflammation. Aberrantly activated NLRP3 is deeply involved in various inflammatory diseases. Due to its interaction with adaptive immunity. NLRP3 inflammation has increasingly received attention in autoimmune diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a classic autoimmune disease, which mainly causes bone and cartilage damage. Elevated levels of NLRP3 can be detected in the synovium of RA patients. NLRP3 overactivation is strongly associated with RA activity. Mouse models of spontaneous arthritis has shown that NLRP3/IL-1β axis is implicated in periarticular inflammation in RA. In this review, we describe the current understanding of NLRP3 activation in RA pathogenesis and dissect its impact on innate and adaptive immunity. We also discuss the potential application of specific inhibitors of NLRP3 to provide new therapeutic strategies for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
- College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Liandu District, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Chen Y, Liu S, Wu L, Liu Y, Du J, Luo Z, Xu J, Guo L, Liu Y. Epigenetic regulation of chemokine (CC-motif) ligand 2 in inflammatory diseases. Cell Prolif 2023:e13428. [PMID: 36872292 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate responses to inflammation are conducive to pathogen elimination and tissue repair, while uncontrolled inflammatory reactions are likely to result in the damage of tissues. Chemokine (CC-motif) Ligand 2 (CCL2) is the main chemokine and activator of monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. CCL2 played a key role in amplifying and accelerating the inflammatory cascade and is closely related to chronic non-controllable inflammation (cirrhosis, neuropathic pain, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, deforming arthritis, ischemic injury, cancer, etc.). The crucial regulatory roles of CCL2 may provide potential targets for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we presented a review of the regulatory mechanisms of CCL2. Gene expression is largely affected by the state of chromatin. Different epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, post-translational modification of histones, histone variants, ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling, and non-coding RNA, could affect the 'open' or 'closed' state of DNA, and then significantly affect the expression of target genes. Since most epigenetic modifications are proven to be reversible, targeting the epigenetic mechanisms of CCL2 is expected to be a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the epigenetic regulation of CCL2 in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyi Chen
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyan Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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27
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Kaushal P, Zhu J, Wan Z, Chen H, Ye J, Luo C. Prognosis and Immune Landscapes in Glioblastoma Based on Gene-Signature Related to Reactive-Oxygen-Species. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:102-119. [PMID: 35779207 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-022-08719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and aggressive primary brain tumor and is highly resistant to current therapeutic strategies. Previous studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and immunosuppressive environment in GBM. To further study the role of ROS in prognosis, tumor micro-environment (TME) and immunotherapeutic response in GBM, an ROS-related nine-gene signature was constructed using the Lasso-Cox regression method and validated using three other datasets in our research, based on the hallmark ROS-pathway-related gene sets and the Cancer Genome Atlas GBM dataset. Differences in prognosis, TME scores, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity between high-risk and low-risk subgroups were analyzed using R software. Collectively, our research uncovered a novel ROS-related prognostic model for primary GBM, which could prove to be a potential tool for clinical diagnosis of GBM, and help assess the immune and molecular characteristics of ROS in the tumorigenesis and immunosuppression of GBM. Our research also revealed that the expressions of ROS-related genes-HSPB1, LSP1, and PTX3-were closely related to the cell markers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and M2 macrophages validated by quantitative RT-PCR, suggesting them could be potential targets of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kaushal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junle Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huairui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingliang Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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28
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Moretta L, Sozzani S. Legends of allergy and immunology: Alberto Mantovani, a visionary scientist unraveling the complexity of innate immunity in cancer and inflammation. Allergy 2023; 78:886-888. [PMID: 36373227 DOI: 10.1111/all.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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29
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Abstract
Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant. Clinical correlative data and a plethora of preclinical studies in mouse models of cancers have shown that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a cancer-promoting role. Within the primary tumour, TAMs promote tumour cell invasion and intravasation and tumour stem cell viability and induce angiogenesis. At the metastatic site, metastasis-associated macrophages promote extravasation, tumour cell survival and persistent growth, as well as maintain tumour cell dormancy in some contexts. In both the primary and metastatic sites, TAMs are suppressive to the activities of cytotoxic T and natural killer cells that have the potential to eradicate tumours. Such activities suggest that TAMs will be a major target for therapeutic intervention. In this Perspective article, we chronologically explore the evolution of our understanding of TAM biology put into the context of major enabling advances in macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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30
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Identification and Analysis of Crucial Genes in H. pylori-Associated Gastric Cancer Using an Integrated Bioinformatics Approach. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:8538240. [PMID: 36778919 PMCID: PMC9908346 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8538240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer (GC) has been widely studied, and H. pylori is considered as the main factor. Utilizing bioinformatics analysis, this study examined gene signatures related to progressing H. pylori-associated GC. Materials and Methods The dataset GSE13195 was chosen to search for abnormally expressed genes in H. pylori-associated GC and normal tissues. The TCGA-STAD database was chosen to verify the expression of key genes in GC and normal tissues. Results In GSE13195, a total of 332 differential expression genes (DEGs) were screened. The results of weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that the light cyan, plum2, black, and magenta4 modules were associated with stages (T3, T2, and T4), while the orangered4, salmon2, pink, and navajowhite2 modules were correlated with lymph node metastasis (N3, N2, and N0). Based on the results of DEGs and hub genes, a total of 7 key genes (ADAM28, FCER1G, MRPL14, SOSTDC1, TYROBP, C1QC, and C3) were screened out. These gene mRNA levels were able to distinguish between normal and H. pylori-associated GC tissue using receiver operating characteristic curves. After transcriptional level verification and survival analysis, ADAM28 and C1QC were excluded. An immune infiltration study revealed that key genes were involved in regulating the infiltration levels of cells associated with innate immune response, antigen presentation process, humoral immune response, or Tcell-mediated immune response. In addition, drugs targeting FCER1G and TYROBP have been approved and are under investigation. Conclusion Our study identified five key genes involved in H. pylori-associated GC tumorigenesis. Patients with higher levels of C3 expression had a poorer prognosis than those with lower levels. In addition, these key genes may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for H. pylori-associated GC diagnosis, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy in the future.
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31
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Ke Y, Wu K, Shen C, Zhu Y, Xu C, Li Q, Hu J, Liu S. Clinical Utility of Circulating Pentraxin 3 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Infect Dis Ther 2023; 12:67-80. [PMID: 36443545 PMCID: PMC9707160 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-022-00730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is involved in inflammation regulation and has a certain association with infectious diseases. However, its specific correlation with infectious diseases remains controversial. This study aimed to analyze the association between them and explore the possible role of PTX3 in the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS Five databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov, and gray literature) were searched. Outcomes were expressed as a standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of included articles. Stata 12 and Meta-DiSc were applied to analyze the pooled data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to determine the prognostic value of PTX3 for mortality. RESULTS Six articles met the inclusion criteria. Circulating PTX3 levels had a nonsignificant difference between intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients with COVID-19 [SMD 1.37 (-0.08, 2.81); I2 = 93.9%, P < 0.01], while the PTX3 levels in nonsurvival COVID-19 patients was significantly lower than those in survival patients [SMD -1.41 (-1.92, -0.91); I2 = 66.4%, P = 0.051]. Circulating PTX3 had good mortality prediction ability (area under ROC curve, AUC = 0.829) in COVID-19. Funnel plots and Egger's tests showed low probabilities of publication bias. Through sensitivity analysis, the results of this study were robust. CONCLUSION This study found that PTX3 was differentially expressed between survival and nonsurvival patients with COVID-19, while there was no significant difference between ICU and non-ICU patients. Meanwhile, circulating PTX3 may be a good biomarker for monitoring the prognosis of COVID-19, which may provide new ideas and directions for clinical and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Ke
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kaihan Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenglu Shen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chuchu Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, No 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiushuang Li
- Department of Clinical Evaluation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), No. 54, Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), No. 54, Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Clinical Evaluation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), No. 54, Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Novel prognostic implications of complement activation in the tumour microenvironment for de novo metastatic BRAF V600E mutant colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:102-111. [PMID: 36319846 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis of metastatic BRAF V600E mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) is poor, and the prognostic implications of immune contextures in the tumour microenvironment (TME) for CRC remain elusive. METHODS We collected the primary tumour specimens and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with de novo metastatic microsatellite-stable BRAF V600E mutant CRC from two medical centres. Gene expression analysis was performed using the nCounterⓇ PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for analysing survival outcomes in association with immune gene expression and immune cells. Our complement score was defined on the basis of the average gene expression in the selected co-expression module. RESULTS High expression of classical and regulatory complement genes was significantly associated with poor prognosis (N = 54). A high complement score (defined as a score above the median value) indicated significantly shorter survival. The overall survival (OS) impact of the high score remained significant in multivariate analyses. Additionally, our complement score was strongly correlated with C4d expression in immunohistochemical staining and tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) M2 signatures. CONCLUSIONS Complement activation in the TME was significantly associated with poor OS and was correlated with TAM M2 in patients with de novo metastatic BRAF V600E mutant CRC.
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Chiari D, Pirali B, Perano V, Leone R, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B. The crossroad between autoimmune disorder, tissue remodeling and cancer of the thyroid: The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1146017. [PMID: 37025408 PMCID: PMC10070760 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1146017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid is at the crossroads of immune dysregulation, tissue remodeling and oncogenesis. Autoimmune disorders, nodular disease and cancer of the thyroid affect a large amount of general population, mainly women. We wondered if there could be a common factor behind three processes (immune dysregulation, tissue remodeling and oncogenesis) that frequently affect, sometimes coexisting, the thyroid gland. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential component of the humoral arm of the innate immune system acting as soluble pattern recognition molecule. The protein is found expressed in a variety of cell types during tissue injury and stress. In addition, PTX3 is produced by neutrophils during maturation in the bone-marrow and is stored in lactoferrin-granules. PTX3 is a regulator of the complement cascade and orchestrates tissue remodeling and repair. Preclinical data and studies in human tumors indicate that PTX3 can act both as an extrinsic oncosuppressor by modulating complement-dependent tumor-promoting inflammation, or as a tumor-promoter molecule, regulating cell invasion and proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, thus suggesting that this molecule may have different functions on carcinogenesis. The involvement of PTX3 in the regulation of immune responses, tissue remodeling and oncosuppressive processes led us to explore its potential role in the development of thyroid disorders. In this review, we aimed to highlight what is known, at the state of the art, regarding the connection between the long pentraxin 3 and the main thyroid diseases i.e., nodular thyroid disease, thyroid cancer and autoimmune thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Chiari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- General Surgery Department, Humanitas Mater Domini Clinical Institute, Castellanza, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Pirali, ; Damiano Chiari,
| | - Barbara Pirali
- Endocrinology Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, Humanitas Mater Domini Clinical Institute, Castellanza, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Pirali, ; Damiano Chiari,
| | - Vittoria Perano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
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The Tumor Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Untying an Intricate Immunological Network. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246151. [PMID: 36551635 PMCID: PMC9776867 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HCC, the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, is prototypically an inflammation-driven cancer developing after years of inflammatory insults. Consequently, the hepatic microenvironment is a site of complex immunological activities. Moreover, the tolerogenic nature of the liver can act as a barrier to anti-tumor immunity, fostering cancer progression and resistance to immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICB). In addition to being a site of primary carcinogenesis, many cancer types have high tropism for the liver, and patients diagnosed with liver metastasis have a dismal prognosis. Therefore, understanding the immunological networks characterizing the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC will deepen our understanding of liver immunity, and it will underpin the dominant mechanisms controlling both spontaneous and therapy-induced anti-tumor immune responses. Herein, we discuss the contributions of the cellular and molecular components of the liver immune contexture during HCC onset and progression by underscoring how the balance between antagonistic immune responses can recast the properties of the TME and the response to ICB.
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Insights into the Relationship between Pentraxin-3 and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315302. [PMID: 36499628 PMCID: PMC9739619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer can be cured if detected early and treated effectively, it is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Tumor development can be limited by an appropiate immune response, but it can be promoted by chronic extensive inflammation through metabolic dysregulation and angiogenesis. In the past decade, numerous efforts have been made in order to identify novel candidates with predictive values in cancer diagnostics. In line with this, researchers have investigated the involvement of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in cellular proliferation and immune escape in various types of cancers, although it has not been clearly elucidated. PTX-3 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily which plays an important role in regulating inflammation, innate immunity response, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Increased synthesis of inflammatory biomarkers and activation of different cellular mechanisms can induce PTX-3 expression in various types of cells (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, myeloid dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells). PTX-3 has both pro- and anti-tumor functions, thus dual functions in oncogenesis. This review elucidates the potential usefulness of PTX-3 as a serum biomarker in cancer. While future investigations are needed, PTX-3 is emerging as a promising tool for cancer's diagnosis and prognosis, and also treatment monitoring.
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Qin Y, Yang J, Liang C, Liu J, Deng Z, Yan B, Fu Y, Luo Y, Li X, Wei X, Li W. Pan-cancer analysis identifies migrasome-related genes as a potential immunotherapeutic target: A bulk omics research and single cell sequencing validation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:994828. [PMID: 36405728 PMCID: PMC9669594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The migrasome is a newly discovered organelle that resembles extracellular vesicles in structure. However, the function of the migrasome in tumors, particularly in relation to tumor immunity and tumor microenvironment, is unclear. Methods Gene expression data, copy number variation raw data, and methylation data of 33 cancer types were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) based on 114 case of colorectal cancer was used to validate the expression of the migrasome hub-gene. We analyzed the expression, prognosis, genetic variation, and drug sensitivity profiles of migrasome-related genes (MRGs) in pan-cancer datasets. A migrasome score was constructed based on gene set enrichment analysis, and the correlation of migrasomes with the tumor microenvironment was assessed. The CancerSEA was used to perform a single-cell level functional analysis of the migrasome. Additionally, we also analyzed the correlation between migrasomes and tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) data was used to assess the activation state of migrasomes in the tumor microenvironment. Results PIGK expression was significantly up-regulated in 22 of 33 tumors, and high expression of migrasome was estimated to have contributed to poor prognosis. Missense mutations are the most common type of mutation in MRGs. We identified piperlongumine as a potential drug targeting migrasomes. The migrasome score was significantly and positively correlated with the tumor immunity score and the stroma score. In most tumors, the abundance of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment was significantly and positively correlated with the migrasome score. Additionally, the migrasome scores were significantly correlated with the immune checkpoint genes in pan-cancer as well as immune checkpoint therapy-related markers including TMB and MSI. According to scRNA-seq analysis, migrasome differed significantly among cells of the tumor microenvironment. IHC confirmed low expression of ITGA5 and PIGK in colorectal cancer. Discussion We performed the first pan-cancer analysis of migrasomes and discovered that they play an important role in tumor development and immune escape. Our study provides new insights into the role of migrasomes in tumor prognosis and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cao Liang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhixing Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Binli Yan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yinghua Luo
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Xiaoying Wei, ; Xiaozhen Li,
| | - Xiaoying Wei
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Xiaoying Wei, ; Xiaozhen Li,
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Xiaoying Wei, ; Xiaozhen Li,
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Matthiesen R, Gameiro P, Henriques A, Bodo C, Moraes MCS, Costa-Silva B, Cabeçadas J, Gomes da Silva M, Beck HC, Carvalho AS. Extracellular Vesicles in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Characterization and Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13327. [PMID: 36362114 PMCID: PMC9654702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B cell lymphoma characterized by a heterogeneous behavior and in need of more accurate biological characterization monitoring and prognostic tools. Extracellular vesicles are secreted by all cell types and are currently established to some extent as representatives of the cell of origin. The present study characterized and evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) proteome in DLBCL by using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. The EV proteome is strongly affected by DLBCL status, with multiple proteins uniquely identified in the plasma of DLBCL. A proof-of-concept classifier resulted in highly accurate classification with a sensitivity and specificity of 1 when tested on the holdout test data set. On the other hand, no proteins were identified to correlate with non-germinal center B-cell like (non-GCB) or GCB subtypes to a significant degree after correction for multiple testing. However, functional analysis suggested that antigen binding is regulated when comparing non-GCB and GCB. Survival analysis based on protein quantitative values and clinical parameters identified multiple EV proteins as significantly correlated to survival. In conclusion, the plasma extracellular vesicle proteome identifies DLBCL cancer patients from healthy donors and contains potential EV protein markers for prediction of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Matthiesen
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Gameiro
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Henriques
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristian Bodo
- Champalimaud Physiology and Cancer Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Champalimaud Physiology and Cancer Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Cabeçadas
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Gomes da Silva
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hans Christian Beck
- Centre for Clinical Proteomics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
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The natural FGF-trap long pentraxin 3 inhibits lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic dissemination. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:84. [PMID: 36320051 PMCID: PMC9623950 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vascular system represents a major route for dissemination of several solid tumors, including melanoma. Even though the members of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor family VEGF-C and VEGF-A have been shown to drive tumor lymphangiogenesis, experimental evidence indicates that also the pro-angiogenic factor Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF2) may play a role in the lymphangiogenic switch by triggering the activation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in cooperation with VEGFs.The soluble pattern recognition receptor Long Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) acts as a natural FGF trap, thus exerting an oncosuppressive role in FGF-dependent tumors. Here, the capacity of PTX3 to modulate lymphangiogenesis was assessed in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrate that recombinant human PTX3 inhibits the lymphangiogenic activity exerted by the VEGF-A/FGF2/sphingosine-1-phosphate (VFS) cocktail on human and murine LECs. In keeping with in vitro data, a reduced lymphangiogenic response was observed in a lymphangiogenic Matrigel plug assay following the subcutaneous injection of the VFS cocktail in PTX3-overexpressing transgenic TgN(Tie2-hPTX3) mice when compared to wild-type or Ptx3 null animals. Accordingly, the capacity of B16F10-VEGFC-luc melanoma cells to colonize the primary tumor-draining lymph node after grafting into the foot pad was dramatically impaired in PTX3-overexpressing mice.Together with the observation that both the VFS cocktail and melanoma cell conditioned media caused a significant downregulation of PTX3 expression in LECs, these data indicate that the FGF trap activity of PTX3 may exert a key effect in the modulation of lymphangiogenesis and tumor metastatic dissemination.
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Ishikawa G, Herzog EL. PTX3 in Granuloma Formation and Sarcoidosis: Helping Macrophages Accept a "Complement". Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1064-1065. [PMID: 35820078 PMCID: PMC9704837 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1277ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Genta Ishikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
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Ding Q, Li H, Xu Z, Hu K, Ye Q. Identification of CFHR4 associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:812663. [PMID: 36338737 PMCID: PMC9632743 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.812663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most leading causes of cancer death worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of HCC patients remains low due to the lack of early-stage symptoms. Human complement factor H-related protein 4 (CFHR4) is a critical gene that belongs to the factor H family of plasma glycoproteins, which has not been linked to HCC development. The correlations between CFHR4 and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in HCC are yet unknown. The present study demonstrated the involvement of CFHR4 in HCC via data mining approaches. Results A total of 18 upregulated and 67 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Importantly, CFHR4, which was screened from DEGs, was shown to express at a lower level in HCC tumor tissue than normal tissues. Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemical (IHC) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments of clinical samples further validated CFHR4 was aberrantly expressed in HCC patients; Data from TCGA showed that CFHR4 was inversely correlated with a cancer family history, histological grade, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and serum AFP level of HCC patients; Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that low expression of CFHR4 was an independent predictive marker in patients with HCC; Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the lower expression of CFHR4 was significantly associated with the progression of HCC and poor prognosis rates. Furthermore, TIMER analysis indicated that CFHR4 expression levels had correlations with infiltrating levels of immune cells in HCC. Conclusion CFHR4 expression was low in HCC and was significantly related to the poor prognosis of HCC and the level of immune infiltration. CFHR4 played important roles in regulating the initiation and progression of HCC and could be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Methods The expression of CFHR4 was analyzed by GEO and TCGA-LIHC database and verified by WB and IHC assay. The biological function of CFHR4 was performed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, and the genomic alteration of CFHR4 was investigated by cBioPortal database.The correlation between CFHR4 expression and clinical relevance was evaluated through Cox proportional hazards model, and the correlation between CFHR4 expression and tumor immune infiltrates were studied by TIMER database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Ding
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanluo Li
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigao Xu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kanghong Hu
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Beach C, MacLean D, Majorova D, Arnold JN, Olcina MM. The effects of radiation therapy on the macrophage response in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1020606. [PMID: 36249052 PMCID: PMC9559862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1020606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of radiotherapy, a mainstay of cancer treatment, is strongly influenced by both cellular and non-cellular features of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population within the TME and their prevalence significantly correlates with patient prognosis in a range of cancers. Macrophages display intrinsic radio-resistance and radiotherapy can influence TAM recruitment and phenotype. However, whether radiotherapy alone can effectively "reprogram" TAMs to display anti-tumor phenotypes appears conflicting. Here, we discuss the effect of radiation on macrophage recruitment and plasticity in cancer, while emphasizing the role of specific TME components which may compromise the tumor response to radiation and influence macrophage function. In particular, this review will focus on soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines and components of the complement system) as well as physical changes to the TME. Since the macrophage response has the potential to influence radiotherapy outcomes this population may represent a drug target for improving treatment. An enhanced understanding of components of the TME impacting radiation-induced TAM recruitment and function may help consider the scope for future therapeutic avenues to target this plastic and pervasive population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Beach
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David MacLean
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dominika Majorova
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James N. Arnold
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monica M. Olcina
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Monica M. Olcina,
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Zhou Z, Zhou X, Yang Y, Wang L, Wu Z. Pan-Cancer Analysis of Pentraxin 3: A Potential Biomarker of COVID-19. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184438. [PMID: 36139597 PMCID: PMC9496739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a potential biomarker of the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients, is aberrantly expressed in human tumors. However, a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PTX3 remains to be elucidated. PTX3 data profiles and clinical information in TCGA cancers were obtained from different public databases to clarify the expression levels, genetic alterations, prognostic significance, underlying mechanisms, and the predicted role in immunotherapy of PTX3 across TCGA cancers. Our analyses showed that PTX3 was aberrantly expressed in most tumors and was significantly related to prognosis and tumor stage. Interaction network and enrichment analyses revealed that PTX3 participated in tumor immuno-related progression. In addition, PTX3 levels were critically associated with immune cell components and immune scores, and PTX3 strongly coexpressed with immune-related genes in TCGA cancers. Meanwhile, PTX3 expression was associated with immune checkpoint genes, and immunotherapy potential biomarkers in multiple cancers, predicting special immunotherapy responses in different tumor types. In kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), PTX3 emerged as an independent prognostic factor through multivariable Cox regression analyses. Blocking PTX3 with siRNA could suppress the growth of KIRC cells and invasion. Conclusively, our study shows a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of PTX3, which might serve as a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lujia Wang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-21-52887081 (L.W.); +86-21-52887081 (Z.W.)
| | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-21-52887081 (L.W.); +86-21-52887081 (Z.W.)
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Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids Decrease the Proliferation, Invasion, and Secretion of Clinically Relevant Cytokines by Cultured Human Colon Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091267. [PMID: 36139106 PMCID: PMC9496155 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids isolated from members of the Amaryllidaceae plant family are promising anticancer agents. The purpose of the current study was to determine if the isocarbostyrils narciclasine, pancratistatin, lycorane, lycorine, crinane, and haemanthamine inhibit phenomena related to cancer progression in vitro. To achieve this, we examined the proliferation, adhesion, and invasion of cultured human colon cancer cells via MTT assay and Matrigel-coated Boyden chambers. In addition, Luminex assays were used to quantify the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and cytokines associated with poor clinical outcomes. We found that all alkaloids decreased cell proliferation regardless of TP53 status, with narciclasine exhibiting the greatest potency. The effects on cell proliferation also appear to be specific to cancer cells. Narciclasine, lycorine, and haemanthamine decrease both adhesion and invasion but with various potencies depending on the cell line. In addition, narciclasine, lycorine, and haemanthamine decreased the secretion of MMP-1, -2, and -7, as well as the secretion of the cytokines pentraxin 3 and vascular endothelial growth factor. In conclusion, the present study shows that Amaryllidaceae alkaloids decrease phenomena and cytokines associated with colorectal cancer progression, supporting future investigations regarding their potential as multifaceted drug candidates.
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Senent Y, Tavira B, Pio R, Ajona D. The complement system as a regulator of tumor-promoting activities mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer Lett 2022; 549:215900. [PMID: 36087681 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression relies on the interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which also influences therapeutic responses. The complement system, an essential part of innate immunity, has been traditionally considered an effector arm against tumors. However, established tumors co-opt complement-mediated immune responses in the TME to support chronic inflammation, activate cancer-related signaling pathways and hamper antitumor immune responses. In this context, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population of myeloid progenitors with immunosuppressive functions, are recognized as major mediators of tumor-associated complement activities. This review focuses on the impact of complement activation within the TME, with a special emphasis on MDSC functions and the involvement of the C5a/C5aR1 axis. We also discuss the translation of these findings into therapeutic advances based on complement inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Senent
- Cima-University of Navarra, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain; Cancer Center University of Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tavira
- Cima-University of Navarra, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain; Cancer Center University of Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Cima-University of Navarra, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain; Cancer Center University of Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Ajona
- Cima-University of Navarra, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain; Cancer Center University of Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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45
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Molecular insight into pentraxin-3: update advances in innate immunity, inflammation, tissue remodeling, diseases, and drug role. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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46
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Mantovani A, Allavena P, Marchesi F, Garlanda C. Macrophages as tools and targets in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:799-820. [PMID: 35974096 PMCID: PMC9380983 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 248.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages are an essential component of the tumour microenvironment and have a role in the orchestration of angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodelling, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and immunosuppression, as well as in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Conversely, when appropriately activated, macrophages can mediate phagocytosis of cancer cells and cytotoxic tumour killing, and engage in effective bidirectional interactions with components of the innate and adaptive immune system. Therefore, they have emerged as therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. Macrophage-targeting strategies include inhibitors of cytokines and chemokines involved in the recruitment and polarization of tumour-promoting myeloid cells as well as activators of their antitumorigenic and immunostimulating functions. Early clinical trials suggest that targeting negative regulators (checkpoints) of myeloid cell function indeed has antitumor potential. Finally, given the continuous recruitment of myelomonocytic cells into tumour tissues, macrophages are candidates for cell therapy with the development of chimeric antigen receptor effector cells. Macrophage-centred therapeutic strategies have the potential to complement, and synergize with, currently available tools in the oncology armamentarium. Macrophages can promote tumorigenesis and enhance the antitumour response. This Review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of macrophages in the tumour microenvironment and provides an overview of macrophage-targeted therapies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. .,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy. .,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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47
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Huang R, Zhu G, Fu X, Liu W, Tao C, Gao J, Qu W, Fang Y, Jiang X, Ding Z, Zhou J, Shi Y, Fan J, Tang Z. Comprehensive analysis of complement-associated molecular features in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1694-1707. [PMID: 35929594 PMCID: PMC9828444 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement cascade plays a "complementing" role in human immunity. However, the potential roles of complement system in impacting molecular and clinical features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, eleven public datasets are analyzed to compare the complement status between normal and cancerous samples based on 18 classical complement-associated genes. The complement scores are constructed to quantify complement signatures of individual tumors. HCC patients in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort are focused to perform systematical analyses between complement status and immune infiltration, miRNA expression, DNA methylation, clinicopathological features, and drug response. The results show that the complement scores in normal tissues are dramatically higher than those of tumor tissues. Tumor samples in the TCGA cohort are classified into complement score-low and score-high groups. Pathway analysis reveals that tumor-promoting pathways are typically inhibited in complement score-high group. This study also shows that tumor-killing immune cells, such as CD8 + T cells and natural killer cells are abundant and tumor-suppressing miRNAs are upregulated in complement score-high samples. In addition, we identify that complement scores are negatively correlated with certain clinical features, including pathological grade, clinical-stage, and portal vein invasion. Moreover, various molecular features together with complement scores are found to be correlated with response to anti-cancer drugs. This study provides a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis conducive to understanding the role of complement in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Guiqi Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Xiutao Fu
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Weiren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Chenyang Tao
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Weifeng Qu
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Xifei Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Zhenbin Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64041990-3233; E-mail: (Y.S.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; E-mail: (J.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990-8612; E-mail: (Z.T.). @
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64041990-3233; E-mail: (Y.S.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; E-mail: (J.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990-8612; E-mail: (Z.T.). @
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and TransplantationLiver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan Universityand Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of EducationShanghai200032China,Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and MetastasisChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai200032China.,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64041990-3233; E-mail: (Y.S.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; E-mail: (J.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990-8612; E-mail: (Z.T.). @
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Sasagawa S, Kato H, Nagaoka K, Sun C, Imano M, Sato T, Johnson TA, Fujita M, Maejima K, Okawa Y, Kakimi K, Yasuda T, Nakagawa H. Immuno-genomic profiling of biopsy specimens predicts neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100705. [PMID: 35944530 PMCID: PMC9418738 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers and is primarily treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Some ESCCs respond well to NAC. However, biomarkers to predict NAC sensitivity and their response mechanism in ESCC remain unclear. We perform whole-genome sequencing and RNA sequencing analysis of 141 ESCC biopsy specimens before NAC treatment to generate a machine-learning-based diagnostic model to predict NAC reactivity in ESCC and analyzed the association between immunogenomic features and NAC response. Neutrophil infiltration may play an important role in ESCC response to NAC. We also demonstrate that specific copy-number alterations and copy-number signatures in the ESCC genome are significantly associated with NAC response. The interactions between the tumor genome and immune features of ESCC are likely to be a good indicator of therapeutic capability and a therapeutic target for ESCC, and machine learning prediction for NAC response is useful. Four different immune subtypes from RNA-seq of ESCC biopsy specimen Neutrophils within tumors are associated with tumor sensitivity to NAC Specific copy-number changes and signatures in ESCC are associated with NAC response Machine learning prediction for NAC response using immunogenomics of ESCC is useful
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kato
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Nagaoka
- Department of Immuno-therapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Changbo Sun
- Department of Immuno-therapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Motohiro Imano
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takao Sato
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Okawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kakimi
- Department of Immuno-therapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takushi Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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49
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Liu T, Wang Z, Zhang N, Dai Z, Wu W, Cao H, Feng S, Zhang L, Cheng Q, Liu Z. PTX3 mediates the infiltration, migration, and inflammation-resolving-polarization of macrophages in glioblastoma. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1748-1766. [PMID: 35855654 PMCID: PMC9532932 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential regulator of the immune system. However, the immune‐modulatory role of PTX3 in the tumor microenvironment of glioma has not been elucidated. Methods The RNA seq samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets. The single‐cell sequencing data of glioblastoma (GBM) samples were obtained from the Single Cell Portal platform (http://singlecell.broadinstitute.org). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess PTX3 expression, HAVCR2, PD‐1, PD‐L1, and CD276 in glioma sections from the Xiangya cohort (n = 60). Multiplex immunofluorescence staining of PTX3, CD68, and CD163 was performed in several solid cancer types, including GBM. HMC3 was cocultured with U251 and U87, and transwell assay and flow cytometry assay were performed to explore the migration and polarization activity of HMC3. Results PTX3 expression is significantly increased in GBM. PTX3 expression predicts worse survival in the Xiangya cohort. PTX3 is closely related to the expression of PD‐1, PD‐L1, CD276, and HAVCR2 in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, PTX3 is involved in tumorigenic and immunogenic processes, especially the activity of macrophages based on various signaling pathways in cellular communications and critical transcription factors. Specifically, PTX3 actively mediates macrophages' infiltration, migration, and inflammation‐resolving‐polarization. PTX3 could also predict immunotherapy response. Conclusion PTX3 is critically involved in macrophage infiltration, migration, and inflammation‐resolving‐polarization and modulates an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wantao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Songshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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50
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Fallati A, Di Marzo N, D’Amico G, Dander E. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs): An Ally of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) Cells in Disease Maintenance and Progression within the Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Niche. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143303. [PMID: 35884364 PMCID: PMC9323332 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer. Even though the cure rate actually exceeds 85%, the prognosis of relapsed/refractory patients is dismal. Recent literature data indicate that the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment could play a crucial role in the onset, maintenance and progression of the disease. In particular, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are key components of the BM niche, actively crosstalk with leukemic cells providing crucial signals for their survival and resistance to therapy. We hereby review the main mechanisms exploited by MSCs to nurture and protect B-ALL cells that could become appealing targets for innovative microenvironment remodeling therapies to be coupled with classical leukemia-directed strategies. Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are structural components of the bone marrow (BM) niche, where they functionally interact with hematopoietic stem cells and more differentiated progenitors, contributing to hematopoiesis regulation. A growing body of evidence is nowadays pointing to a further crucial contribution of MSCs to malignant hematopoiesis. In the context of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), MSCs can play a pivotal role in the definition of a leukemia-supportive microenvironment, impacting on disease pathogenesis at different steps including onset, maintenance and progression. B-ALL cells hijack the BM microenvironment, including MSCs residing in the BM niche, which in turn shelter leukemic cells and protect them from chemotherapeutic agents through different mechanisms. Evidence is now arising that altered MSCs can become precious allies to leukemic cells by providing nutrients, cytokines, pro-survivals signals and exchanging organelles, as hereafter reviewed. The study of the mechanisms exploited by MSCs to nurture and protect B-ALL blasts can be instrumental in finding new druggable candidates to target the leukemic BM microenvironment. Some of these microenvironment-targeting strategies are already in preclinical or clinical experimentation, and if coupled with leukemia-directed therapies, could represent a valuable option to improve the prognosis of relapsed/refractory patients, whose management represents an unmet medical need.
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