1
|
Sahadevan P, Dingar D, Nawaito SA, Nair RS, Trépanier J, Sahmi F, Shi Y, Gillis MA, Sirois MG, Meloche S, Tardif JC, Allen BG. ERK3 is involved in regulating cardiac fibroblast function. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16108. [PMID: 38872461 PMCID: PMC11176743 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
ERK3/MAPK6 activates MAP kinase-activated protein kinase (MK)-5 in selected cell types. Male MK5 haplodeficient mice show reduced hypertrophy and attenuated increase in Col1a1 mRNA in response to increased cardiac afterload. In addition, MK5 deficiency impairs cardiac fibroblast function. This study determined the effect of reduced ERK3 on cardiac hypertrophy following transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and fibroblast biology in male mice. Three weeks post-surgery, ERK3, but not ERK4 or p38α, co-immunoprecipitated with MK5 from both sham and TAC heart lysates. The increase in left ventricular mass and myocyte diameter was lower in TAC-ERK3+/- than TAC-ERK3+/+ hearts, whereas ERK3 haploinsufficiency did not alter systolic or diastolic function. Furthermore, the TAC-induced increase in Col1a1 mRNA abundance was diminished in ERK3+/- hearts. ERK3 immunoreactivity was detected in atrial and ventricular fibroblasts but not myocytes. In both quiescent fibroblasts and "activated" myofibroblasts isolated from adult mouse heart, siRNA-mediated knockdown of ERK3 reduced the TGF-β-induced increase in Col1a1 mRNA. In addition, intracellular type 1 collagen immunoreactivity was reduced following ERK3 depletion in quiescent fibroblasts but not myofibroblasts. Finally, knocking down ERK3 impaired motility in both atrial and ventricular myofibroblasts. These results suggest that ERK3 plays an important role in multiple aspects of cardiac fibroblast biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Sahadevan
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dharmendra Dingar
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sherin A Nawaito
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Reshma S Nair
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joëlle Trépanier
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fatiha Sahmi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Martin G Sirois
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Notch1 Is Involved in Physiologic Cardiac Hypertrophy of Mice via the p38 Signaling Pathway after Voluntary Running. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043212. [PMID: 36834623 PMCID: PMC9966550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate exercise such as voluntary wheel-running can induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Notch1 plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy; however, the experimental results are inconsistent. In this experiment, we aimed to explore the role of Notch1 in physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Twenty-nine adult male mice were randomly divided into a Notch1 heterozygous deficient control (Notch1+/- CON) group, a Notch1 heterozygous deficient running (Notch1+/- RUN) group, a wild type control (WT CON) group, and a wild type running (WT RUN) group. Mice in the Notch1+/- RUN and WT RUN groups had access to voluntary wheel-running for two weeks. Next, the cardiac function of all of the mice was examined by echocardiography. The H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, and a Western blot assay were carried out to analyze cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and the expression of proteins relating to cardiac hypertrophy. After two-weeks of running, the Notch1 receptor expression was decreased in the hearts of the WT RUN group. The degree of cardiac hypertrophy in the Notch1+/- RUN mice was lower than that of their littermate control. Compared to the Notch1+/- CON group, Notch1 heterozygous deficiency could lead to a decrease in Beclin-1 expression and the ratio of LC3II/LC3I in the Notch1+/- RUN group. The results suggest that Notch1 heterozygous deficiency could partly dampen the induction of autophagy. Moreover, Notch1 deficiency may lead to the inactivation of p38 and the reduction of β-catenin expression in the Notch1+/- RUN group. In conclusion, Notch1 plays a critical role in physiologic cardiac hypertrophy through the p38 signaling pathway. Our results will help to understand the underlying mechanism of Notch1 on physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Duan Y, Zhang W, Chen X, Wang M, Zhong L, Liu J, Bian W, Zhang S. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) genes in response to salinity stress in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 101:972-984. [PMID: 35818162 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene family has been systematically described in several fish species, but less so in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), which is an important global aquaculture species. In this study, 16 MAPK genes were identified in the channel catfish genome and classified into three subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, including six extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) genes, six p38-MAPK genes and four C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) genes. All MAPK genes were distributed unevenly across 10 chromosomes, of which three (IpMAPK8, IpMAPK12 and IpMAPK14) underwent teleost-specific whole genome duplication during evolution. Gene expression profiles in channel catfish during salinity stress were analysed using transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR). Results from reads per kilobase million (RPKM) analysis showed IpMAPK13, IpMAPK14a and IpMAPK14b genes were differentially expressed when compared with other genes between treatment and control groups. Furthermore, three of these genes were validated by qRT-PCR, of which IpMAPK14a expression levels were significantly upregulated in treatment groups (high and low salinity) when compared with the control group, with the highest expression levels in the low salinity group (P < 0.05). Therefore, IpMAPK14a may have important response roles to salinity stress in channel catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Duan
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqiang Zhong
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Ju Liu
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenji Bian
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- College of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin S, Liu C, Zhao X, Han X, Li X, Ye Y, Li Z. Recent Advances of Pyridinone in Medicinal Chemistry. Front Chem 2022; 10:869860. [PMID: 35402370 PMCID: PMC8984125 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.869860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridinones have been adopted as an important block in medicinal chemistry that could serve as hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. With the help of feasible synthesis routes via established condensation reactions, the physicochemical properties of such a scaffold could be manipulated by adjustment of polarity, lipophilicity, and hydrogen bonding, and eventually lead to its wide application in fragment-based drug design, biomolecular mimetics, and kinase hinge-binding motifs. In addition, most pyridinone derivatives exhibit various biological activities ranging from antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant to cardiotonic effects. This review focuses on recent contributions of pyridinone cores to medicinal chemistry, and addresses the structural features and structure–activity relationships (SARs) of each drug-like molecule. These advancements contribute to an in-depth understanding of the potential of this biologically enriched scaffold and expedite the development of its new applications in drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shibo Lin,
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanhao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqin Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu L, Li X, Wei S, Hu T, Wu C, Jian W, Luo P. Relationship between p38 signaling pathway and arsenic-induced apoptosis: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1213-1224. [PMID: 32621277 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure could induce apoptosis and cause related cancer. It was reported that p38 signaling pathway played a key transcriptional regulatory factor in arsenic-induced apoptosis. However, there were certain disputable questions about this point of opinion. Therefore, the relationship between p38 signaling pathway and arsenic-induced apoptosis was systematically reviewed and analyzed by meta-analysis. Twelve essays were analyzed with StataSE15.0 and Review Manager 5.3. The regulatory variables, such as normal cells and cancer cells, arsenic exposure time and exposure dose were analyzed by the subgroup analysis. The comprehensive effects were compared and analyzed by SMD method. Publication bias, the monolithic impact and heterogeneity were inspected. Subgroup analysis showed, when arsenic exposure was ≥ 5 μmol/l, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was down-regulated and the expression of p38 and Caspase-3 was up-regulated. When arsenic exposure was < 5 μmol/l, the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, p38 and Caspase-3 was up-regulated. Arsenic exposure time (≥ 48 h) or arsenic exposure dose (≥ 5 μmol/l or < 5 μmol/l) can promote the expression of p38. Arsenic exposure time was ≥ 48 h or exposure dose was < 5 μmol/l in cancer cells, arsenic exposure dose was ≥ 5 μmol/l or exposure time was < 48 h in normal cells, and they are statistically significant in the expression of p38. This study evaluates the role of p38 signaling pathway in arsenic-induced apoptosis, which is helpful to provide theoretical basis for the differentiation of arsenic-induced injury and the therapeutic mechanism of arsenic-induced apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Wei
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Hu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyan Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Jian
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Town of University, Guian New District, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ruiz M, Khairallah M, Dingar D, Vaniotis G, Khairallah RJ, Lauzier B, Thibault S, Trépanier J, Shi Y, Douillette A, Hussein B, Nawaito SA, Sahadevan P, Nguyen A, Sahmi F, Gillis MA, Sirois MG, Gaestel M, Stanley WC, Fiset C, Tardif JC, Allen BG. MK2-Deficient Mice Are Bradycardic and Display Delayed Hypertrophic Remodeling in Response to a Chronic Increase in Afterload. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e017791. [PMID: 33533257 PMCID: PMC7955338 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Mitogen‐activated protein kinase–activated protein kinase‐2 (MK2) is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38α/β. Herein, we examine the cardiac phenotype of pan MK2‐null (MK2−/−) mice. Methods and Results Survival curves for male MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice did not differ (Mantel‐Cox test, P=0.580). At 12 weeks of age, MK2−/− mice exhibited normal systolic function along with signs of possible early diastolic dysfunction; however, aging was not associated with an abnormal reduction in diastolic function. Both R‐R interval and P‐R segment durations were prolonged in MK2‐deficient mice. However, heart rates normalized when isolated hearts were perfused ex vivo in working mode. Ca2+ transients evoked by field stimulation or caffeine were similar in ventricular myocytes from MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice. MK2−/− mice had lower body temperature and an age‐dependent reduction in body weight. mRNA levels of key metabolic genes, including Ppargc1a, Acadm, Lipe, and Ucp3, were increased in hearts from MK2−/− mice. For equivalent respiration rates, mitochondria from MK2−/− hearts showed a significant decrease in Ca2+ sensitivity to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Eight weeks of pressure overload increased left ventricular mass in MK2+/+ and MK2−/− mice; however, after 2 weeks the increase was significant in MK2+/+ but not MK2−/− mice. Finally, the pressure overload–induced decrease in systolic function was attenuated in MK2−/− mice 2 weeks, but not 8 weeks, after constriction of the transverse aorta. Conclusions Collectively, these results implicate MK2 in (1) autonomic regulation of heart rate, (2) cardiac mitochondrial function, and (3) the early stages of myocardial remodeling in response to chronic pressure overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Maya Khairallah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Dharmendra Dingar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - George Vaniotis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Simon Thibault
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Joëlle Trépanier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Sherin Ali Nawaito
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt
| | - Pramod Sahadevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Albert Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Martin G Sirois
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell BiochemistryHannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | | | - Céline Fiset
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
p38 MAPK Pathway in the Heart: New Insights in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197412. [PMID: 33049962 PMCID: PMC7582802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) family controls cell adaptation to stress stimuli. p38 function has been studied in depth in relation to cardiac development and function. The first isoform demonstrated to play an important role in cardiac development was p38α; however, all p38 family members are now known to collaborate in different aspects of cardiomyocyte differentiation and growth. p38 family members have been proposed to have protective and deleterious actions in the stressed myocardium, with the outcome of their action in part dependent on the model system under study and the identity of the activated p38 family member. Most studies to date have been performed with inhibitors that are not isoform-specific, and, consequently, knowledge remains very limited about how the different p38s control cardiac physiology and respond to cardiac stress. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of the p38 pathway in cardiac physiology and discuss recent advances in the field.
Collapse
|
8
|
Loonat AA, Martin ED, Sarafraz-Shekary N, Tilgner K, Hertz NT, Levin R, Shokat KM, Burlingame AL, Arabacilar P, Uddin S, Thomas M, Marber MS, Clark JE. p38γ MAPK contributes to left ventricular remodeling after pathologic stress and disinhibits calpain through phosphorylation of calpastatin. FASEB J 2019; 33:13131-13144. [PMID: 31638431 PMCID: PMC6894093 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701545r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high and preferential expression of p38γ MAPK in the myocardium, little is known about its function in the heart. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the physiologic and biochemical roles of p38γ in the heart. Expression and subcellular localization of p38 isoforms was determined in mouse hearts. Comparisons of the cardiac function and structure of wild-type and p38γ knockout (KO) mice at baseline and after abdominal aortic banding demonstrated that KO mice developed less ventricular hypertrophy and that contractile function is better preserved. To identify potential substrates of p38γ, we generated an analog-sensitive mutant to affinity tag endogenous myocardial proteins. Among other proteins, this technique identified calpastatin as a direct p38γ substrate. Moreover, phosphorylation of calpastatin by p38γ impaired its ability to inhibit the protease, calpain. We have identified p38γ as an important determinant of the progression of pathologic cardiac hypertrophy after aortic banding in mice. In addition, we have identified calpastatin, among other substrates, as a novel direct target of p38γ that may contribute to the protection observed in p38γKO mice.-Loonat, A. A., Martin, E. D., Sarafraz-Shekary, N., Tilgner, K., Hertz, N. T., Levin, R., Shokat, K. M., Burlingame, A. L., Arabacilar, P., Uddin, S., Thomas, M., Marber, M. S., Clark, J. E. p38γ MAPK contributes to left ventricular remodeling after pathologic stress and disinhibits calpain through phosphorylation of calpastatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aminah A. Loonat
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E. Denise Martin
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Negin Sarafraz-Shekary
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina Tilgner
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas T. Hertz
- University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Levin
- University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kevan M. Shokat
- University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Pelin Arabacilar
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahzan Uddin
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Max Thomas
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Marber
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Clark
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The term uraemic cardiomyopathy refers to the cardiac abnormalities that are seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Historically, this term was used to describe a severe cardiomyopathy that was associated with end-stage renal disease and characterized by severe functional abnormalities that could be reversed following renal transplantation. In a modern context, uraemic cardiomyopathy describes the clinical phenotype of cardiac disease that accompanies CKD and is perhaps best characterized as diastolic dysfunction seen in conjunction with left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. A multitude of factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of uraemic cardiomyopathy, and current treatments only modestly improve outcomes. In this Review, we focus on evolving concepts regarding the roles of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), inflammation and systemic oxidant stress and their interactions with more established mechanisms such as pressure and volume overload resulting from hypertension and anaemia, respectively, activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems, activation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway, abnormal mineral metabolism and increased levels of endogenous cardiotonic steroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Joseph I Shapiro
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dumont AA, Dumont L, Berthiaume J, Auger-Messier M. p38α MAPK proximity assay reveals a regulatory mechanism of alternative splicing in cardiomyocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118557. [PMID: 31505169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is essential for normal heart function. However, p38 also contributes to heart failure pathogenesis by affecting cardiomyocytes contractility and survival. To unravel part of the complex role of p38 in cardiac function, we performed an APEX2-based proximity assay in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and identified the protein interaction networks (interactomes) of two highly expressed p38 isoforms in the heart. We found that p38α and p38γ have distinct interactomes in cardiomyocytes under both basal and osmotic stress-activated states. Interestingly, the activated p38α interactome contains many RNA-binding proteins implicated in splicing, including the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3). Its interaction with the activated p38α was validated by co-immunoprecipitation. The cytoplasmic abundance and alternative splicing function of SRSF3 are also both modulated by the p38 signaling pathway. Our findings reveal a new function for p38 as a specific regulator of SRSF3 in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey-Ann Dumont
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Lauralyne Dumont
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Berthiaume
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mannix Auger-Messier
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cardiac Fibroblast p38 MAPK: A Critical Regulator of Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6030027. [PMID: 31394846 PMCID: PMC6787752 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac fibroblast is a remarkably versatile cell type that coordinates inflammatory, fibrotic and hypertrophic responses in the heart through a complex array of intracellular and intercellular signaling mechanisms. One important signaling node that has been identified involves p38 MAPK; a family of kinases activated in response to stress and inflammatory stimuli that modulates multiple aspects of cardiac fibroblast function, including inflammatory responses, myofibroblast differentiation, extracellular matrix turnover and the paracrine induction of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This review explores the emerging importance of the p38 MAPK pathway in cardiac fibroblasts, describes the molecular mechanisms by which it regulates the expression of key genes, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for reducing adverse myocardial remodeling.
Collapse
|
12
|
Transcript levels for extracellular matrix proteins are altered in MK5-deficient cardiac ventricular fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:164-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
13
|
Brand CS, Lighthouse JK, Trembley MA. Protective transcriptional mechanisms in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:1-12. [PMID: 31042488 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several lines of evidence suggest that physical activity and exercise can pre-condition the heart to improve the response to acute cardiac injury such as myocardial infarction or ischemia/reperfusion injury, preventing the progression to heart failure. It is becoming more apparent that cardioprotection is a concerted effort between multiple cell types and converging signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms of cardioprotection are not completely understood. What is clear is that the mechanisms underlying this protection involve acute activation of transcriptional activators and their corresponding gene expression programs. Here, we review the known stress-dependent transcriptional programs that are activated in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts to preserve function in the adult heart after injury. Focus is given to prominent transcriptional pathways such as mechanical stress or reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent activation of myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and gene expression that positively regulates protective PI3K/Akt signaling. Together, these pathways modulate both beneficial and pathological responses to cardiac injury in a cell-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Janet K Lighthouse
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box CVRI, Rochester, NY 14624, USA.
| | - Michael A Trembley
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nawaito SA, Sahadevan P, Clavet-Lanthier MÉ, Pouliot P, Sahmi F, Shi Y, Gillis MA, Lesage F, Gaestel M, Sirois MG, Calderone A, Tardif JC, Allen BG. MK5 haplodeficiency decreases collagen deposition and scar size during post-myocardial infarction wound repair. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1281-H1296. [PMID: 30901279 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00532.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MK5 is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38, ERK3, and ERK4 MAPKs. MK5 mRNA and immunoreactivity are detected in mouse cardiac fibroblasts, and MK5 haplodeficiency attenuates the increase in collagen 1-α1 mRNA evoked by pressure overload. The present study examined the effect of MK5 haplodeficiency on reparative fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI). Twelve-week-old MK5+/- and wild-type littermate (MK5+/+) mice underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADL). Surviving mice were euthanized 8 or 21 days post-MI. Survival rates did not differ significantly between MK5+/+ and MK5+/- mice, with rupture of the LV wall being the primary cause of death. Echocardiographic imaging revealed similar increases in LV end-diastolic diameter, myocardial performance index, and wall motion score index in LADL-MK5+/+ and LADL-MK5+/- mice. Area at risk did not differ between LADL-MK5+/+ and LADL-MK5+/- hearts. In contrast, infarct size, scar area, and scar collagen content were reduced in LADL-MK5+/- hearts. Immunohistochemical analysis of mice experiencing heart rupture revealed increased MMP-9 immunoreactivity in the infarct border zone of LADL-MK5+/- hearts compared with LADL-MK5+/+. Although inflammatory cell infiltration was similar in LADL-MK5+/+ and LADL-MK5+/- hearts, angiogenesis was more pronounced in the infarct border zone of LADL-MK5+/- mice. Characterization of ventricular fibroblasts revealed reduced motility and proliferation in fibroblasts isolated from MK5-/- mice compared with those from both wild-type and haplodeficient mice. siRNA-mediated knockdown of MK5 in fibroblasts from wild-type mice also impaired motility. Hence, reduced MK5 expression alters fibroblast function and scar morphology but not mortality post-MI. NEW & NOTEWORTHY MK5/PRAK is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38 MAPK and/or atypical MAPKs ERK3/4. MK5 haplodeficiency reduced infarct size, scar area, and scar collagen content post-myocardial infarction. Motility and proliferation were reduced in cultured MK5-null cardiac myofibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Ali Nawaito
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Pramod Sahadevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Fatiha Sahmi
- Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Frederic Lesage
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin G Sirois
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angelo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lighthouse JK, Burke RM, Velasquez LS, Dirkx RA, Aiezza A, Moravec CS, Alexis JD, Rosenberg A, Small EM. Exercise promotes a cardioprotective gene program in resident cardiac fibroblasts. JCI Insight 2019; 4:92098. [PMID: 30626739 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and heart disease both induce cardiac remodeling, but only disease causes fibrosis and compromises heart function. The cardioprotective benefits of exercise have been attributed to changes in cardiomyocyte physiology, but the impact of exercise on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) is unknown. Here, RNA-sequencing reveals rapid divergence of CF transcriptional programs during exercise and disease. Among the differentially expressed programs, NRF2-dependent antioxidant genes - including metallothioneins (Mt1 and Mt2) - are induced in CFs during exercise and suppressed by TGF-β/p38 signaling in disease. In vivo, mice lacking Mt1/2 exhibit signs of cardiac dysfunction in exercise, including cardiac fibrosis, vascular rarefaction, and functional decline. Mechanistically, exogenous MTs derived from fibroblasts are taken up by cultured cardiomyocytes, reducing oxidative damage-dependent cell death. Importantly, suppression of MT expression is conserved in human heart failure. Taken together, this study defines the acute transcriptional response of CFs to exercise and disease and reveals a cardioprotective mechanism that is lost in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet K Lighthouse
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ryan M Burke
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Lissette S Velasquez
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ronald A Dirkx
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Alessandro Aiezza
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Alex Rosenberg
- Department of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Research, and
| | - Eric M Small
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sato S, Imachi H, Lyu J, Miyai Y, Fukunaga K, Dong T, Ibata T, Kobayashi T, Yoshimoto T, Kikuchi F, Yonezaki K, Yamaji N, Iwama H, Murao K. Effect of TNF-α on the expression of ABCA1 in pancreatic β-cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:185-193. [PMID: 30131353 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a 254-kD membrane protein, is a key regulator of lipid efflux from cells to apolipoproteins. ABCA1 in pancreatic β-cells influences insulin secretion and cholesterol homeostasis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a pleiotropic cytokine that elicits a wide spectrum of physiological events, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and is also known to decrease glucose-dependent insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. In the present study, we examined the role of TNF-α on ABCA1 expression in rat pancreatic islets and INS-1 cells. ABCA1 protein levels decreased in response to rising concentrations of TNF-α in pancreatic islets. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a significant decrease in ABCA1 mRNA expression. In parallel with its effect on endogenous ABCA1 mRNA levels, TNF-α suppressed the activity of a reporter construct containing the ABCA1 promoter. This effect was abrogated by BIRB796, but not by SB203580 or PD98095. The constitutively active form of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) γ suppressed ABCA1 promoter activity but not p38-MAPK (α, β), while a dominant-negative mutant of p38-MAPK γ blocked the effect of TNF-α on ABCA1 promoter activity. BIRB796 inhibited the increased cholesterol ester content induced by TNF-α. However, BIRB796 had no effect on the decreased insulin content nor ABCA1 suppression caused by TNF-α in INS-1 cells. In summary, TNF-α suppressed the expression of endogenous ABCA1 in pancreatic islets and INS-1 cells. These findings raise the possibility that TNF-α may affect insulin secretion by controlling ABCA1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seisuke Sato
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hitomi Imachi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Jingya Lyu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kensaku Fukunaga
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ibata
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takuo Yoshimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Fumi Kikuchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yonezaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Nao Yamaji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Iwama
- Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Murao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bageghni SA, Hemmings KE, Zava N, Denton CP, Porter KE, Ainscough JFX, Drinkhill MJ, Turner NA. Cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAP kinase promotes cardiac hypertrophy via a putative paracrine interleukin-6 signaling mechanism. FASEB J 2018; 32:4941-4954. [PMID: 29601781 PMCID: PMC6629170 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701455rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAPK contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Our study used a novel fibroblast-specific, tamoxifen-inducible p38α knockout (KO) mouse line to characterize the role of fibroblast p38α in modulating cardiac hypertrophy, and we elucidated the mechanism. Myocardial injury was induced in tamoxifen-treated Cre-positive p38α KO mice or control littermates via chronic infusion of the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol. Cardiac function was assessed by pressure-volume conductance catheter analysis and was evaluated for cardiac hypertrophy at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. Isoproterenol infusion in control mice promoted overt cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction (reduced ejection fraction, increased end systolic volume, increased cardiac weight index, increased cardiomyocyte area, increased fibrosis, and up-regulation of myocyte fetal genes and hypertrophy-associated microRNAs). Fibroblast-specific p38α KO mice exhibited marked protection against myocardial injury, with isoproterenol-induced alterations in cardiac function, histology, and molecular markers all being attenuated. In vitro mechanistic studies determined that cardiac fibroblasts responded to damaged myocardium by secreting several paracrine factors known to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, including IL-6, whose secretion was dependent upon p38α activity. In conclusion, cardiac fibroblast p38α contributes to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction, potentially via a mechanism involving paracrine fibroblast-to-myocyte IL-6 signaling.-Bageghni, S. A., Hemmings, K. E., Zava, N., Denton, C. P., Porter, K. E., Ainscough, J. F. X., Drinkhill, M. J., Turner, N. A. Cardiac fibroblast-specific p38α MAP kinase promotes cardiac hypertrophy via a putative paracrine interleukin-6 signaling mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumia A. Bageghni
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Karen E. Hemmings
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ngonidzashe Zava
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher P. Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Porter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Justin F. X. Ainscough
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mark J. Drinkhill
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dingar D, Tu WB, Resetca D, Lourenco C, Tamachi A, De Melo J, Houlahan KE, Kalkat M, Chan PK, Boutros PC, Raught B, Penn LZ. MYC dephosphorylation by the PP1/PNUTS phosphatase complex regulates chromatin binding and protein stability. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3502. [PMID: 30158517 PMCID: PMC6115416 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-MYC (MYC) oncoprotein is deregulated in over 50% of cancers, yet regulatory mechanisms controlling MYC remain unclear. To this end, we interrogated the MYC interactome using BioID mass spectrometry (MS) and identified PP1 (protein phosphatase 1) and its regulatory subunit PNUTS (protein phosphatase-1 nuclear-targeting subunit) as MYC interactors. We demonstrate that endogenous MYC and PNUTS interact across multiple cell types and that they co-occupy MYC target gene promoters. Inhibiting PP1 by RNAi or pharmacological inhibition results in MYC hyperphosphorylation at multiple serine and threonine residues, leading to a decrease in MYC protein levels due to proteasomal degradation through the canonical SCFFBXW7 pathway. MYC hyperphosphorylation can be rescued specifically with exogenous PP1, but not other phosphatases. Hyperphosphorylated MYC retained interaction with its transcriptional partner MAX, but binding to chromatin is significantly compromised. Our work demonstrates that PP1/PNUTS stabilizes chromatin-bound MYC in proliferating cells. Deregulated MYC activity is oncogenic and is deregulated in a large fraction of human cancers. Here the authors find that protein phosphatase 1 and its regulatory subunit PNUTS controls MYC stability and its interaction with chromatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Dingar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - William B Tu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Diana Resetca
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Corey Lourenco
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Aaliya Tamachi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Jason De Melo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Kathleen E Houlahan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Manpreet Kalkat
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Pak-Kei Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON Canada M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Linda Z Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
ROS Control Mitochondrial Motility through p38 and the Motor Adaptor Miro/Trak. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1667-1680. [PMID: 29117569 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial distribution and motility are recognized as central to many cellular functions, but their regulation by signaling mechanisms remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that reactive oxygen species (ROS), either derived from an extracellular source or intracellularly generated, control mitochondrial distribution and function by dose-dependently, specifically, and reversibly decreasing mitochondrial motility in both rat hippocampal primary cultured neurons and cell lines. ROS decrease motility independently of cytoplasmic [Ca2+], mitochondrial membrane potential, or permeability transition pore opening, known effectors of oxidative stress. However, multiple lines of genetic and pharmacological evidence support that a ROS-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38α, is required for the motility inhibition. Furthermore, anchoring mitochondria directly to kinesins without involvement of the physiological adaptors between the organelles and the motor protein prevents the H2O2-induced decrease in mitochondrial motility. Thus, ROS engage p38α and the motor adaptor complex to exert changes in mitochondrial motility, which likely has both physiological and pathophysiological relevance.
Collapse
|
20
|
Sahadevan P, Allen BG. MK5: A novel regulator of cardiac fibroblast function? IUBMB Life 2017; 69:785-794. [PMID: 28941148 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MAP kinase-activated protein kinases (MKs), protein serine/threonine kinases downstream of the MAPKs, regulate a number of biological functions. MK5 was initially identified as a substrate for p38 MAPK but subsequent studies revealed that MK5 activity is regulated by atypical MAPKs ERK3 and ERK4. However, the roles of these MAPKs in activating MK5 remain controversial. The interactome and physiological function of MK5 are just beginning to be understood. Here, we provide an overview of the structure-function of MK5 including recent progress in determining its role in cardiac structure and function. The cardiac phenotype of MK5 haplodeficient mice, and the effect of reduced MK5 expression on cardiac remodeling, is also discussed. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(10):785-794, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Sahadevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal and Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal and Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ruiz M, Coderre L, Allen BG, Des Rosiers C. Protecting the heart through MK2 modulation, toward a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy and lipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:1914-1922. [PMID: 28735097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Various signaling pathways have been identified in the heart as important players during development, physiological adaptation or pathological processes. This includes the MAPK families, particularly p38MAPK, which is involved in several key cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, metabolism and survival. Disrupted p38MAPK signaling has been associated with several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as well as diabetes and its related complications. Despite efforts to translate this knowledge into therapeutic avenues, p38 inhibitors have failed in clinical trials due to adverse effects. Inhibition of MK2, a downstream target of p38, appears to be a promising alternative strategy. Targeting MK2 activity may avoid the adverse effects linked to p38 inhibition, while maintaining its beneficial effects. MK2 was first considered as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid polyarthritis. A growing body of evidence now supports a key role of MK2 signaling in the pathogenesis of CVD, particularly ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and hypertension and that its inhibition or inactivation is associated with improved heart and vascular functions. More recently, MK2 was shown to be a potential player in diabetes and related complications, particularly in liver and heart, and perturbations in calcium handling and lipid metabolism. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the role of MK2 in p38MAPK-mediated signaling and the benefits of its loss of function in CVD and diabetes, with an emphasis on the roles of MK2 in calcium handling and lipid metabolism. This article is part of a Special issue entitled Cardiac adaptations to obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, edited by Professors Jan F.C. Glatz, Jason R.B. Dyck and Christine Des Rosiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lise Coderre
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruce Gordon Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cuenda A, Sanz-Ezquerro JJ. p38γ and p38δ: From Spectators to Key Physiological Players. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:431-442. [PMID: 28473179 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the physiological roles of p38γ and p38δ signalling pathways are largely unknown, new genetic and pharmacological tools are providing groundbreaking information on the function of these two stress-activated protein kinases. Recent studies show the importance of p38γ and p38δ in the regulation of processes as diverse as cytokine production, protein synthesis, exocytosis, cell migration, gene expression, and neuron activity, which have an acute impact on the development of pathologies related to inflammation, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. These recent breakthroughs are resolving some of the questions that have long been asked regarding the function of p38γ and p38δ in biology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan José Sanz-Ezquerro
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nawaito SA, Dingar D, Sahadevan P, Hussein B, Sahmi F, Shi Y, Gillis MA, Gaestel M, Tardif JC, Allen BG. MK5 haplodeficiency attenuates hypertrophy and preserves diastolic function during remodeling induced by chronic pressure overload in the mouse heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H46-H58. [PMID: 28432058 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00597.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5) is a protein serine/threonine kinase that is activated by p38 MAPK and the atypical MAPKs ERK3 and ERK4. The physiological function(s) of MK5 remains unknown. Here, we examined the effect of MK5 haplodeficiency on cardiac function and myocardial remodeling. At 12 wk of age, MK5 haplodeficient mice (MK5+/-) were smaller than age-matched wild-type littermates (MK5+/+), with similar diastolic function but reduced systolic function. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was used to induce chronic pressure overload in 12-wk-old male MK5+/- and MK5+/+ mice. Two weeks post-TAC, heart weight-to-tibia length ratios were similarly increased in MK5+/- and MK5+/+ hearts, as was the abundance of B-type natriuretic peptide and β-myosin heavy chain mRNA. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in both MK5+/+ and MK5+/- mice, whereas regional peak systolic tissue velocities were reduced and isovolumetric relaxation time was prolonged in MK5+/+ hearts but not in MK5+/- hearts. The TAC-induced increase in collagen type 1-α1 mRNA observed in MK5+/+ hearts was markedly attenuated in MK5+/- hearts. Eight weeks post-TAC, systolic function was equally impaired in MK5+/+ and MK5+/- mice. In contrast, the increase in E wave deceleration rate and progression of hypertrophy observed in TAC MK5+/+ mice were attenuated in TAC MK5+/- mice. MK5 immunoreactivity was detected in adult fibroblasts but not in myocytes. MK5+/+, MK5+/-, and MK5-/- fibroblasts all expressed α-smooth muscle actin in culture. Hence, reduced MK5 expression in cardiac fibroblasts was associated with the attenuation of both hypertrophy and development of a restrictive filling pattern during myocardial remodeling in response to chronic pressure overload.NEW & NOTEWORTHY MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5)/p38-regulated/activated protein kinase is a protein serine/threonine kinase activated by p38 MAPK and/or the atypical MAPKs ERK3 and ERK4. MK5 immunoreactivity was detected in adult ventricular fibroblasts but not in myocytes. MK5 haplodeficiency attenuated the progression of hypertrophy, reduced collagen type 1 mRNA, and protected diastolic function in response to chronic pressure overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Ali Nawaito
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dharmendra Dingar
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pramod Sahadevan
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Fatiha Sahmi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce G Allen
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Exenatide Regulates Substrate Preferences Through the p38γ MAPK Pathway After Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Heart. Heart Lung Circ 2017; 26:404-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
25
|
Chen M, Xin J, Liu B, Luo L, Li J, Yin W, Li M. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Intracellular Polyamine Signaling Is Involved in TRPV1 Activation-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003718. [PMID: 27473037 PMCID: PMC5015292 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is expressed in the cardiovascular system, and increased TRPV1 expression has been associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Nevertheless, the role of TRPV1 in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In cultured cardiomyocytes, activation of TRPV1 increased cell size and elevated expression of atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA and intracellular calcium level, which was reversed by TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. Increased expression of phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ and mitogen-activated protein kinases were found in TRPV1 agonist capsaicin-treated cardiomyocytes. Selective inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and p38. Capsaicin induced an increase in expression of ornithine decarboxylase protein, which is the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis in cardiomyocytes. Nevertheless, there was no obvious change of ornithine decarboxylase expression in TRPV1 knockdown cells after capsaicin treatment, and specific inhibitors of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ or p38 downregulated the capsaicin-induced expression of ornithine decarboxylase. Capsazepine alleviated the increase in cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes and the ratio of heart weight to body weight and improved cardiac function, including left ventricular internal end-diastolic and -systolic dimensions and ejection fraction and fractional shortening percentages, in mice treated with transverse aorta constriction. Capsazepine also reduced expression of ornithine decarboxylase and cardiac polyamine levels. Transverse aorta constriction induced increases in phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ and extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and p38 and Serca2a were attenuated by capsazepine treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and intracellular polyamines are essential for TRPV1 activation-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajia Xin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Liyang Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
González-Terán B, López JA, Rodríguez E, Leiva L, Martínez-Martínez S, Bernal JA, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, Redondo JM, Vazquez J, Sabio G. p38γ and δ promote heart hypertrophy by targeting the mTOR-inhibitory protein DEPTOR for degradation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10477. [PMID: 26795633 PMCID: PMC5476828 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted organ growth leads to disease development. Hypertrophy underlies postnatal heart growth and is triggered after stress, but the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes are largely unknown. Here we show that cardiac activation of p38γ and p38δ increases during postnatal development and by hypertrophy-inducing stimuli. p38γ/δ promote cardiac hypertrophy by phosphorylating the mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibitor DEPTOR, which leads to its degradation and mTOR activation. Hearts from mice lacking one or both kinases are below normal size, have high levels of DEPTOR, low activity of the mTOR pathway and reduced protein synthesis. The phenotype of p38γ/δ−/− mice is reverted by overactivation of mTOR with amino acids, shRNA-mediated knockdown of Deptor, or cardiomyocyte overexpression of active p38γ and p38δ. Moreover, in WT mice, heart weight is reduced by cardiac overexpression of DEPTOR. Our results demonstrate that p38γ/δ control heart growth by modulating mTOR pathway through DEPTOR phosphorylation and subsequent degradation. mTOR signalling pathway is a critical regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. Here the authors show that two kinases, p38γ and p38δ, control heart growth by promoting mTOR activity via phosphorylation and consequent proteasome degradation of mTOR inhibitor DEPTOR, extending our knowledge of cardiac hypertrophy regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara González-Terán
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio López
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Leiva
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez-Martínez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bernal
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Jesús Jiménez-Borreguero
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vazquez
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
ET-1 Promotes Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells into Osteoblasts through ETR, MAPK, and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways under Inflammatory Microenvironment. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8467849. [PMID: 26884650 PMCID: PMC4738707 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8467849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease that affects the tooth-supporting tissues. ET-1 is related to periodontitis and involved in the regulation of cytokines, but the mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate how ET-1 affects proinflammatory cytokine expression and differentiation in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). PDLSCs were isolated from the periodontal ligament tissues of periodontitis patients and then treated with ET-1 (1, 10, or 100 nM) for 12 h, 24 h, or 72 h. The osteogenic potential of PDLSCs was tested using ALP staining. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were evaluated by ELISA and western blot. Runx2, OCN, and COL1 mRNA and western levels were detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. To examine the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in ET-1-mediated cytokine expression and osteogenic differentiation, ETR pathway, MAPKs pathway, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and Wnt/Ca2+ pathway were detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. ET-1 promoted differentiation of PDLSCs into osteoblasts by increasing secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. ET-1 also increased expression of Runx2, OCN, and COL1. ET-1 promotes differentiation of PDLSCs into osteoblasts through ETR, MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways under inflammatory microenvironment.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Stress-response kinases, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated in response to the challenge of a myriad of stressors. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), and p38 MAPKs are the predominant members of the MAPK family in the heart. Extensive studies have revealed critical roles of activated MAPKs in the processes of cardiac injury and heart failure and many other cardiovascular diseases. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that MAPKs also promote the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Thus, understanding the functional impact of MAPKs in the heart could shed new light on the development of novel therapeutic approaches to improve cardiac function and prevent arrhythmia development in the patients. This review will summarize the recent findings on the role of MAPKs in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmia development and point to the critical need of future studies to further elucidate the fundamental mechanisms of MAPK activation and arrhythmia development in the heart.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lu K, Chang G, Ye L, Zhang P, Li Y, Zhang D. Protective effects of extendin‑4 on hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced injury in H9c2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3007-16. [PMID: 25936390 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues are likely to exert cardioprotective effects via balancing the energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes following ischemic or hypoxic insults. The present study aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanism of exendin-4, a GLP-1 analogue, on cardiomyocyte glucose uptake using an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) of H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells. Pre-treatment with exendin-4 (200 nM) prior to H/R increased the cell viability, decreased cell apoptosis, enhanced cardiomyocyte glucose uptake and increased the production of adenosine triphosphate. Exendin-4 also decreased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB in the culture medium. Furthermore, the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 in the H9c2 cells was decreased, while the activity of phosphofructokinase-1 was increased following exendin-4 treatment. Moreover, pre-treatment with exendin-4 increased the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) γ and translocation of glucose transporter-1 in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. However, these effects were attenuated by the p38MAPK inhibitors BIRB796 and SB203580. The results suggested that exendin-4 exerted significant cardioprotective effects against H/R-induced cell injury and restored the metabolic imbalance of cardiomyocytes by activating the p38MAPK signaling pathway in the H9c2 cell model. Importantly, p38MAPKγ, one subunit of p38MAPK, may have the most important function in this process. The results of the present study may be helpful in the development of novel drugs to treat patients with coronary heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Guanglei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Dongying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Martin ED, Bassi R, Marber MS. p38 MAPK in cardioprotection - are we there yet? Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2101-13. [PMID: 25204838 PMCID: PMC4386984 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PKs transfer a phosphate from ATP to the side-chain hydroxyl group of a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue of a substrate protein. This in turn can alter that protein's function; modulating fundamental cellular processes including, metabolism, transcription, growth, division, differentiation, motility and survival. PKs are subdivided into families based on homology. One such group are the stress-activated kinases, which as the name suggests, are activated in response to cellular stresses such as toxins, cytokines, mechanical deformation and osmotic stress. Members include the p38 MAPK family, which is composed of α, β, γ and δ, isoforms which are encoded by separate genes. These kinases transduce extracellular signals and coordinate the cellular responses needed for adaptation and survival. However, in cardiovascular and other disease states, these same systems can trigger maladaptive responses that aggravate, rather than alleviate, the disease. This situation is analogous to adrenergic, angiotensin and aldosterone signalling in heart failure, where inhibition is beneficial despite the importance of these hormones to homeostasis. The question is whether similar benefits could accrue from p38 inhibition? In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of p38, the history of p38 inhibitors and their use in preclinical studies. Finally, we will summarize the results of recent cardiovascular clinical trials with p38 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E D Martin
- King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' HospitalLondon, UK
| | - R Bassi
- King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' HospitalLondon, UK
| | - M S Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' HospitalLondon, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dingar D, Kalkat M, Chan PK, Srikumar T, Bailey SD, Tu WB, Coyaud E, Ponzielli R, Kolyar M, Jurisica I, Huang A, Lupien M, Penn LZ, Raught B. BioID identifies novel c-MYC interacting partners in cultured cells and xenograft tumors. J Proteomics 2014; 118:95-111. [PMID: 25452129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The BioID proximity-based biotin labeling technique was recently developed for the characterization of protein-protein interaction networks [1]. To date, this method has been applied to a number of different polypeptides expressed in cultured cells. Here we report the adaptation of BioID to the identification of protein-protein interactions surrounding the c-MYC oncoprotein in human cells grown both under standard culture conditions and in mice as tumor xenografts. Notably, in vivo BioID yielded >100 high confidence MYC interacting proteins, including >30 known binding partners. Putative novel MYC interactors include components of the STAGA/KAT5 and SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, DNA repair and replication factors, general transcription and elongation factors, and transcriptional co-regulators such as the DNA helicase protein chromodomain 8 (CHD8). Providing additional confidence in these findings, ENCODE ChIP-seq datasets highlight significant coincident binding throughout the genome for the MYC interactors identified here, and we validate the previously unreported MYC-CHD8 interaction using both a yeast two hybrid analysis and the proximity-based ligation assay. In sum, we demonstrate that BioID can be utilized to identify bona fide interacting partners for a chromatin-associated protein in vivo. This technique will allow for a much improved understanding of protein-protein interactions in a previously inaccessible biological setting. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The c-MYC (MYC) oncogene is a transcription factor that plays important roles in cancer initiation and progression. MYC expression is deregulated in more than 50% of human cancers, but the role of this protein in normal cell biology and tumor progression is still not well understood, in part because identifying MYC-interacting proteins has been technically challenging: MYC-containing chromatin-associated complexes are difficult to isolate using traditional affinity purification methods, and the MYC protein is exceptionally labile, with a half-life of only ~30 min. Developing a new strategy to gain insight into MYC-containing protein complexes would thus mark a key advance in cancer research. The recently described BioID proximity-based labeling technique represents a promising new complementary approach for the characterization of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in cultured cells. Here we report that BioID can also be used to characterize protein-protein interactions for a chromatin-associated protein in tumor xenografts, and present a comprehensive, high confidence in vivo MYC interactome. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein dynamics in health and disease. Guest Editors: Pierre Thibault and Anne-Claude Gingras.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Dingar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Manpreet Kalkat
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Pak-Kei Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Tharan Srikumar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Swneke D Bailey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - William B Tu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Romina Ponzielli
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Max Kolyar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Annie Huang
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Linda Z Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada.
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Oh CC, Nguy MQ, Schwenke DC, Migrino RQ, Thornburg K, Reaven P. p38α mitogen-activated kinase mediates cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by palmitate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:628-33. [PMID: 24931668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The mechanisms underlying lipotoxic/diabetic cardiomyopathy remain poorly understood. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) levels, elevated in obesity and type 2 diabetes, induce apoptosis in many cell types including cardiomyocytes. Signaling pathways, including the p38α mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK)-dependent pathway, have been implicated in apoptosis due to a diverse range of insults. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that SFA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is dependent on p38α activation. METHODS AND RESULTS Human adult ventricular cardiomyocytes (AC16 cells) were exposed to high physiological levels of palmitate (PA), a SFA. The apoptotic response was measured using annexin-V by flow cytometry, and the p38α-dependent pathway was evaluated using a p38 inhibitor PD169316, and by p38α small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown. PA exposure for 16 h dose-dependently increased apoptosis in AC16 cardiomyocytes (control: 2.6±0.6%, 150 μM PA: 3.5±0.9%, 300 μM PA: 11.5±1.6%, n=4, p<0.01). PA did not change total p38α protein levels, but increased p38α phosphorylation dose-dependently (n=5, p<0.01). PD169316 tended to reduce PA-induced apoptosis (n=4, p=0.05). Specific p38α siRNA markedly reduced the expression of p38α but not p38β (n=3, p<0.0001), and dose-dependently attenuated PA-induced apoptosis (control siRNA: 7.7±1.0%, 300 μM PA: 34.4±5.0%, 300 μM PA+30 pmol siRNA: 23.7±4.4%, 300 μM PA+60 pmol siRNA: 19.7±2.6%, 300 μM PA+120 pmol siRNA: 17.3±2.8%, n=4, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that PA induces p38α activation, and reducing p38α expression attenuates PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our results support a potential mechanism by which high plasma SFA levels through p38α activation may lead to the development of lipotoxic/diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Oh
- Phoenix VA HealthCare System, Phoenix, AZ, United States.
| | - Michael Q Nguy
- Phoenix VA HealthCare System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | | | | | - Kent Thornburg
- Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Peter Reaven
- Phoenix VA HealthCare System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mitra A, Ray A, Datta R, Sengupta S, Sarkar S. Cardioprotective Role of P38 MAPK During Myocardial Infarction Via Parallel Activation of α-Crystallin B and Nrf2. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1272-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arkadeep Mitra
- Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory; Department of Zoology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
| | - Aramita Ray
- Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory; Department of Zoology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
| | - Ritwik Datta
- Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory; Department of Zoology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology; New Delhi India
| | - Sagartirtha Sarkar
- Genetics and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory; Department of Zoology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huynh K, Bernardo BC, McMullen JR, Ritchie RH. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: mechanisms and new treatment strategies targeting antioxidant signaling pathways. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 142:375-415. [PMID: 24462787 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic population. Both experimental and clinical evidence suggest that diabetic subjects are predisposed to a distinct cardiomyopathy, independent of concomitant macro- and microvascular disorders. 'Diabetic cardiomyopathy' is characterized by early impairments in diastolic function, accompanied by the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The pathophysiology underlying diabetes-induced cardiac damage is complex and multifactorial, with elevated oxidative stress as a key contributor. We now review the current evidence of molecular disturbances present in the diabetic heart, and their role in the development of diabetes-induced impairments in myocardial function and structure. Our focus incorporates both the contribution of increased reactive oxygen species production and reduced antioxidant defenses to diabetic cardiomyopathy, together with modulation of protein signaling pathways and the emerging role of protein O-GlcNAcylation and miRNA dysregulation in the progression of diabetic heart disease. Lastly, we discuss both conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of left ventricular dysfunction in diabetic patients, from inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system, through recent evidence favoring supplementation of endogenous antioxidants for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Novel therapeutic strategies, such as gene therapy targeting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase PI3K(p110α) signaling pathway, and miRNA dysregulation, are also reviewed. Targeting redox stress and protective protein signaling pathways may represent a future strategy for combating the ever-increasing incidence of heart failure in the diabetic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Huynh
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Julie R McMullen
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu H, Yanamandala M, Lee TC, Kim JK. Mitochondrial p38β and manganese superoxide dismutase interaction mediated by estrogen in cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85272. [PMID: 24465521 PMCID: PMC3899003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims While etiology behind the observed acceleration of ischemic heart disease in postmenopausal women is poorly understood, collective scientific data suggest cardioprotective effects of the endogenous female sex hormone, estrogen. We have previously shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) protects cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) by inhibiting p38α - p53 signaling in apoptosis and activating pro-survival p38β mitogen activated protein kinase (p38β MAPK), leading to suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) post H/R. However, little is known about the mechanism behind the antioxidant actions of E2-dependent p38β. The aim of this study is to determine whether the cytoprotection by estrogen involves regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a major mitochondrial ROS scavenging enzyme, via cardiac p38β. Methods and Results We identified mitochondrial p38β by immunocytochemistry and by immunoblotting in mitochondria isolated from neonatal cardiomyocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. E2 facilitated the mitochondrial localization of the active form of the kinase, phosphorylated p38β (p-p38β). E2 also reduced the H/R-induced mitochondrial membrane potential decline, augmented the MnSOD activity and suppressed anion superoxide generation, while the dismutase protein expression remained unaltered. Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed physical association between MnSOD and p38β. p38β phosphorylated MnSOD in an E2-dependent manner in in-vitro kinase assays. Conclusion This work demonstrates for the first time a mitochondrial pool of active p38β and E2-mediated phosphorylation of MnSOD by the kinase. The results shed light on the mechanism behind the cytoprotective actions of E2 in cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Mounica Yanamandala
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Tiffany C. Lee
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Jin Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
p38 MAPK alpha mediates cytokine-induced IL-6 and MMP-3 expression in human cardiac fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012. [PMID: 23206705 PMCID: PMC3573232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pre-clinical studies suggest that the p38 MAPK signaling pathway plays a detrimental role in cardiac remodeling, but its role in cardiac fibroblast (CF) function is not well defined. We aimed to identify the p38 MAPK subtypes expressed by human CF, study their activation in response to proinflammatory cytokines, and determine which subtypes were important for expression of specific cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of mRNA levels in human CF cultured from multiple patients revealed a consistent pattern of expression with p38α being most abundant, followed by p38γ, then p38δ and only low expression of p38β (3% of p38α mRNA levels). Immunoblotting confirmed marked protein expression of p38α, γ and δ, with little or no expression of p38β. Phospho-ELISA and combined immunoprecipitation/immunoblotting techniques demonstrated that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and TNFα selectively activated p38α and p38γ, but not p38δ. Selective p38α siRNA gene silencing reduced IL-1α-induced IL-6 and MMP-3 mRNA expression and protein secretion, without affecting IL-1α-induced IL-1β and MMP-9 mRNA expression. In conclusion, human CF express the α, γ and δ subtypes of p38 MAPK, and the α subtype is important for IL-1α-induced IL-6 and MMP-3 expression in this cell type.
Collapse
|
37
|
Machado FS, Dutra WO, Esper L, Gollob K, Teixeira MM, Factor SM, Weiss LM, Nagajyothi F, Tanowitz HB, Garg NJ. Current understanding of immunity to Trypanosoma cruzi infection and pathogenesis of Chagas disease. Semin Immunopathol 2012; 34:753-70. [PMID: 23076807 PMCID: PMC3498515 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-012-0351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi remains an important neglected tropical disease and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. No longer confined to endemic areas of Latin America, it is now found in non-endemic areas due to immigration. The parasite may persist in any tissue, but in recent years, there has been increased recognition of adipose tissue both as an early target of infection and a reservoir of chronic infection. The major complications of this disease are cardiomyopathy and megasyndromes involving the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis of Chagas disease is complex and multifactorial involving many interactive pathways. The significance of innate immunity, including the contributions of cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress, has been emphasized. The role of the components of the eicosanoid pathway such as thromboxane A(2) and the lipoxins has been demonstrated to have profound effects as both pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. Additionally, we discuss the vasoconstrictive actions of thromboxane A(2) and endothelin-1 in Chagas disease. Human immunity to T. cruzi infection and its role in pathogen control and disease progression have not been fully investigated. However, recently, it was demonstrated that a reduction in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was associated with clinically significant chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana S. Machado
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology and Morphology, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Walderez O. Dutra
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology and Morphology, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pathology, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Lisia Esper
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology and Morphology, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kenneth Gollob
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology and Morphology, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Santa Casa Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- SRI International, Biosciences Division, Menlo Park, CA
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Tropical Diseases, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology and Morphology, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Stephen M. Factor
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Louis M. Weiss
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Fnu Nagajyothi
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Herbert B. Tanowitz
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Nisha J. Garg
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pathology, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Boivin B, Khairallah M, Cartier R, Allen BG. Characterization of hsp27 kinases activated by elevated aortic pressure in heart. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 371:31-42. [PMID: 22878564 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hemodynamic overload results in left ventricular hypertrophy, fibroblast proliferation, and interstitial fibrosis. The small heat shock protein hsp27 has been shown to be cardioprotective and this requires a phosphorylatable form of this protein. To further understand the regulation of hsp27 in heart in response to stress, we investigated the ability of elevated aortic pressure to activate hsp27-kinase activities. Isolated hearts were subjected to retrograde perfusion and then snap frozen. Hsp27-kinase activity was measured in vitro as hsp27 phosphorylation. Immune complex assays revealed that MK2 activity was low in non-perfused hearts and increased following crystalline perfusion at 60 or 120 mmHg. Hsp27-kinase activities were further studied following ion-exchange chromatography. Anion exchange chromatography on Mono Q revealed 2 peaks (b and c) of hsp27-kinase activity. A third peak a was detected upon chromatography of the Mono Q flow-through fractions on the cation exchange resin, Mono S. The hsp27-kinase activity underlying peaks a and c increased as perfusion pressure was increased from 40 to 120 mmHg. In contrast, peak b increased over pressures 60-100 mmHg but was decreased at 120 mmHg. Peaks a, b, and c contained MK2 immunoreactivity, whereas MK3 and MK5 immunoreactivity was detected in peak a. p38 MAPK and phospho-p38 MAPK were also detected in peaks b and c but absent from peak a. Hsp27-kinase activity in peaks b and c (120 mmHg) eluted from a Superose 12 gel filtration column with an apparent molecular mass of 50 kDa. Hence, peaks b and c were not a result of MK2 forming complexes. In-gel hsp27-kinase assays revealed a single 49-kDa renaturable hsp27-kinase activity in peaks b and c at 60 mmHg, whereas several hsp27-kinases (p43, p49, p54, p66) were detected in peaks b and c from hearts perfused at 120 mmHg. Thus, multiple hsp27-kinases were activated in response to elevated aortic pressure in isolated, perfused rat hearts and hence may be implicated in regulating the cardioprotective effects of hsp27 and thus may represent targets for cardioprotective therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Boivin
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger St., Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chang C, Zhang C, Zhao X, Kuang X, Tang H, Xiao X. Differential regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in human with different types of mitral valvular disease. J Surg Res 2012; 181:49-59. [PMID: 22664133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are considered to play a prominent role in cardiac development, function, and pathogenesis. The different types of mitral valvular disease (MVD), including mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS), have different underlying pathophysiologic changes, but the precise intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are not clear. Thus, we investigated the differential regulation of MAPK signaling pathways in humans with different types of MVD. METHODS Left atrial appendage tissue samples from 32 patients with MVD who were undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery were studied. Serum angiotensin II concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of MAPK pathway-related genes and proteins was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Echocardiography showed that patients with MS had a greater left atrial pressure overload than those with MR. The relative amounts of angiotensin II, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1, p38α, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2, c-Fos, activating transcription factor 2, and c-Jun mRNA were significantly upregulated in those with MS compared with those with MR (P < 0.05). The serum angiotensin II concentrations were significantly increased in those with MS compared with those with MR (P = 0.017). Substantial changes in the phosphorylated forms of the MAPK proteins were detected. Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and phosphorylated p38 were significantly increased in those with MS compared with those with MR (P < 0.001), and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the MR group was significantly greater than that in the MS group (P < 0.001). Histologically, more serious myocardial cells losses, myolysis, and interstitial fibrosis were detected in the MS group. CONCLUSIONS The different types of MVD have different hemodynamic characteristics, and different MAPK pathways were activated in the MR and MS groups, which could lead to diverse left atrial histologic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xiao J, Jiang H, Zhang R, Fan G, Zhang Y, Jiang D, Li H. Augmented cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in mice lacking ELTD1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35779. [PMID: 22606234 PMCID: PMC3350503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor (EGF), latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 (ELTD1) is developmentally upregulated in the heart. Little is known about the relationship between ELTD1 and cardiac diseases. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the role of ELTD1 in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice and ELTD1-knockout (KO) mice were subjected to left ventricular pressure overload by descending aortic banding (AB). KO mice exhibited more unfavorable cardiac remodeling than WT mice 28 days post AB; this remodeling was characterized by aggravated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, thickening of the ventricular walls, dilated chambers, increased fibrosis, and blunted systolic and diastolic cardiac function. Analysis of signaling pathways revealed enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in response to ELTD1 deletion. CONCLUSIONS ELTD1 deficiency exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac function induced by AB-induced pressure overload by promoting both cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. These effects are suggested to originate from the activation of the ERK and JNK pathways, suggesting that ELTD1 is a potential target for therapies that prevent the development of cardiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HJ); (HL)
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangpu Fan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingsheng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HJ); (HL)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Turner NA. Therapeutic regulation of cardiac fibroblast function: targeting stress-activated protein kinase pathways. Future Cardiol 2011; 7:673-91. [DOI: 10.2217/fca.11.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
42
|
Meng R, Pei Z, Zhang A, Zhou Y, Cai X, Chen B, Liu G, Mai W, Wei J, Dong Y. AMPK activation enhances PPARα activity to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy via ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 511:1-7. [PMID: 21530483 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy through peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-α (PPARα) signaling pathway, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. A rat model of cardiac hypertrophy created by transaortic constriction (TAC) was used to investigate the mechanism involved in regulation of PPARα activity by AMPK. It was observed that treatment with AICAR (5-aminoimidazole 1 carboxamide ribonucleoside), an AMPK activator, significantly inhibited cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. Phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (phospho-ERK1/2) and phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein levels were significantly up-regulated, while PPARα protein level was down-regulated in TAC rats. AICAR treatment reversed the changes of PPARα and phospho-ERK1/2, but increased phospho-p38 MAPK protein level in TAC rats. Similar changes of PPARα and phospho-ERK1/2 protein levels were observed in the hypertrophied cardiomyocytes induced by phenylephrine treatment. Epidermal growth factor (EGF, ERK1/2 activator), but not SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) blocked the up-regulation of PPARα protein level induced by AICAR. Luciferase assay showed that AICAR increased PPARα transcriptional activity which was abrogated by EGF, but not by SB203580. These results demonstrate that AMPK activation enhances the activity of PPARα to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy through ERK1/2, but not p38 MAPK, signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongsen Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Marber MS, Rose B, Wang Y. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway--a potential target for intervention in infarction, hypertrophy, and heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010; 51:485-90. [PMID: 21062627 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38s) are stress-activated Ser/Thr kinases. Their activation has been associated with various pathological stressors in the heart. Activated p38 is implicated in a wide spectrum of cardiac pathologies, including hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, as well as systolic and diastolic heart failure. In this review, the specific contribution of different isoforms of p38 kinases to cardiac diseases as well as TAB-1-mediated non-canonical activation pathway are discussed as a rationale for inhibiting p38 activity to treat cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic injury, and heart failure. Finally, a summary of current clinical trials targeting p38 kinases in cardiovascular diseases is provided to highlight the potential promise as well as existing challenges of this therapeutic approach. This article is part of a special issue entitled "Key Signaling Molecules in Hypertrophy and Heart Failure."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|