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Li X, Song Y, Mu W, Hou X, Ba T, Ji S. Dysregulation of arginine methylation in tumorigenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1420365. [PMID: 38911125 PMCID: PMC11190088 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1420365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein methylation, similar to DNA methylation, primarily involves post-translational modification (PTM) targeting residues of nitrogen-containing side-chains and other residues. Protein arginine methylation, occurred on arginine residue, is mainly mediated by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which are ubiquitously present in a multitude of organisms and are intricately involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes. Specifically, PRMTs are pivotal in the process of gene transcription regulation, and protein function modulation. Abnormal arginine methylation, particularly in histones, can induce dysregulation of gene expression, thereby leading to the development of cancer. The recent advancements in modification mediated by PRMTs and cancer research have had a profound impact on our understanding of the abnormal modification involved in carcinogenesis and progression. This review will provide a defined overview of these recent progression, with the aim of augmenting our knowledge on the role of PRMTs in progression and their potential application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaqiong Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Mu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Te Ba
- Department of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Vanlieshout TL, Stouth DW, Raziee R, Sraka ASJ, Masood HA, Ng SY, Mattina SR, Mikhail AI, Manta A, Ljubicic V. Sex-Specific Effect of CARM1 in Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:486-498. [PMID: 37882083 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine how the intersection of coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) and biological sex affects skeletal muscle adaptations to chronic physical activity. METHODS Twelve-week-old female (F) and male (M) wild-type (WT) and CARM1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice were randomly assigned to sedentary (SED) or voluntary wheel running (VWR) experimental groups. For 8 wk, the animals in the VWR cohort had volitional access to running wheels. Subsequently, we performed whole-body functional tests, and 48 h later muscles were harvested for molecular analysis. Western blotting, enzyme activity assays, as well as confocal and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine skeletal muscle biology. RESULTS Our data reveal a sex-dependent reduction in VWR volume caused by muscle-specific ablation of CARM1, as F CARM1 mKO mice performed less chronic, volitional exercise than their WT counterparts. Regardless of VWR output, exercise-induced adaptations in physiological function were similar between experimental groups. A broad panel of protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) biology measurements, including markers of arginine methyltransferase expression and activity, were unaffected by VWR, except for CARM1 and PRMT7 protein levels, which decreased and increased with VWR, respectively. Changes in myofiber morphology and mitochondrial protein content showed similar trends among animals. However, a closer examination of transmission electron microscopy images revealed contrasting responses to VWR in CARM1 mKO mice compared with WT littermates, particularly in mitochondrial size and fractional area. CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrate that CARM1 mKO reduces daily running volume in F mice, as well as exercise-evoked skeletal muscle mitochondrial plasticity, which indicates that this enzyme plays an essential role in sex-dependent differences in exercise performance and mitochondrial health.
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Ma Z, Lyu X, Qin N, Liu H, Zhang M, Lai Y, Dong B, Lu P. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1: A versatile player in cell differentiation and development. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2383-2392. [PMID: 37554200 PMCID: PMC10404874 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification involved in the regulation of various cellular functions. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a protein arginine methyltransferase that asymmetrically dimethylates histone H3 and non-histone proteins to regulate gene transcription. CARM1 has been found to play important roles in cell differentiation and development, cell cycle progression, autophagy, metabolism, pre-mRNA splicing and transportation, and DNA replication. In this review, we describe the molecular characteristics of CARM1 and summarize its roles in the regulation of cell differentiation and development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Ma
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xinxing Lyu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Yongchao Lai
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peiyuan Lu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
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Ning J, Chen L, Xiao G, Zeng Y, Shi W, Tanzhu G, Zhou R. The protein arginine methyltransferase family (PRMTs) regulates metastases in various tumors: From experimental study to clinical application. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115456. [PMID: 37696085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of mortality among advanced cancer patients. Understanding its mechanisms and treatment strategies is vital for clinical application. Arginine methylation, a post-translational modification catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), is implicated in diverse physiological processes and disease progressions. Previous research has demonstrated PRMTs' involvement in tumor occurrence, progression, and metastasis. This review offers a comprehensive summary of the relationship between PRMTs, prognosis, and metastasis in various cancers. Our focus centers on elucidating the molecular mechanisms through which PRMTs regulate tumor metastasis. We also discuss relevant clinical trials and effective PRMT inhibitors, including chemical compounds, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and nanomaterials, for treating tumor metastasis. While a few studies present conflicting results, the overall trajectory suggests that inhibiting arginine methylation exhibits promise in curtailing tumor metastasis across various cancers. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms and molecular interactions are diverse. The development of inhibitors targeting arginine methylation, along with the progression of clinical trials, holds substantial potential in the field of tumor metastasis, meriting sustained attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Ning
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Guilong Tanzhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China.
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The Mechanism of Hyperglycemia-Induced Renal Cell Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Disease: An Update. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020539. [PMID: 36836895 PMCID: PMC9967500 DOI: 10.3390/life13020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of type I and II diabetes. It develops from the initial microproteinuria to end-stage renal failure. The main initiator for DN is chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia (HG) can stimulate the resident and non-resident renal cells to produce humoral mediators and cytokines that can lead to functional and phenotypic changes in renal cells and tissues, interference with cell growth, interacting proteins, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), etc., ultimately resulting in glomerular and tubular damage and the onset of kidney disease. Therefore, poor blood glucose control is a particularly important risk factor for the development of DN. In this paper, the types and mechanisms of DN cell damage are classified and summarized by reviewing the related literature concerning the effect of hyperglycemia on the development of DN. At the cellular level, we summarize the mechanisms and effects of renal damage by hyperglycemia. This is expected to provide therapeutic ideas and inspiration for further studies on the treatment of patients with DN.
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Patterns of Cannabis- and Substance-Related Congenital General Anomalies in Europe: A Geospatiotemporal and Causal Inferential Study. Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:69-118. [PMID: 36810339 PMCID: PMC9944887 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent series of congenital anomaly (CA) rates (CARs) have showed the close and epidemiologically causal relationship of cannabis exposure to many CARs. We investigated these trends in Europe where similar trends have occurred. METHODS CARs from EUROCAT. Drug use from European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Income data from World Bank. RESULTS CARs were higher in countries with increasing daily use overall (p = 9.99 × 10-14, minimum E-value (mEV) = 2.09) and especially for maternal infections, situs inversus, teratogenic syndromes and VACTERL syndrome (p = 1.49 × 10-15, mEV = 3.04). In inverse probability weighted panel regression models the series of anomalies: all anomalies, VACTERL, foetal alcohol syndrome, situs inversus (SI), lateralization (L), and teratogenic syndromes (TS; AAVFASSILTS) had cannabis metric p-values from: p < 2.2 × 10-16, 1.52 × 10-12, 1.44 × 10-13, 1.88 × 10-7, 7.39 × 10-6 and <2.2 × 10-16. In a series of spatiotemporal models this anomaly series had cannabis metric p-values from: 8.96 × 10-6, 6.56 × 10-6, 0.0004, 0.0019, 0.0006, 5.65 × 10-5. Considering E-values, the cannabis effect size order was VACTERL > situs inversus > teratogenic syndromes > FAS > lateralization syndromes > all anomalies. 50/64 (78.1%) E-value estimates and 42/64 (65.6%) mEVs > 9. Daily cannabis use was the strongest predictor for all anomalies. CONCLUSION Data confirmed laboratory, preclinical and recent epidemiological studies from Canada, Australia, Hawaii, Colorado and USA for teratological links between cannabis exposure and AAVFASSILTS anomalies, fulfilled epidemiological criteria for causality and underscored importance of cannabis teratogenicity. VACTERL data are consistent with causation via cannabis-induced Sonic Hedgehog inhibition. TS data suggest cannabinoid contribution. SI&L data are consistent with results for cardiovascular CAs. Overall, these data show that cannabis is linked across space and time and in a manner which fulfills epidemiological criteria for causality not only with many CAs, but with several multiorgan teratologic syndromes. The major clinical implication of these results is that access to cannabinoids should be tightly restricted in the interests of safeguarding the community's genetic heritage to protect and preserve coming generations, as is done for all other major genotoxins.
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NUP160 knockdown inhibits the progression of diabetic nephropathy in vitro and in vivo. Regen Ther 2022; 21:87-95. [PMID: 35785044 PMCID: PMC9234011 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic complication and podocyte damage is a hallmark of DN. The Nucleoporin 160 (NUP160) gene was demonstrated to regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in mouse podocytes. This study explored the possible role and mechanisms of NUP160 in high glucose-triggered podocyte injury. A rat model of DN was established by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Podocytes were treated with 33 mM high glucose. The effects of the Nup160 on DN and its mechanisms were assessed using MTT, flow cytometry, Western blot, ELISA, RT-qPCR, and luciferase reporter assays. The in vivo effects of NUP160 were analyzed by HE, PAS, and MASSON staining assays. The NUP160 level was significantly upregulated in podocytes treated with 33 mM high glucose. Functionally, NUP160 knockdown alleviated high glucose-induced apoptosis and inflammation in podocytes. Mechanistically, miR-495-3p directly targeted NUP160, and lncRNA HCG18 upregulated NUP160 by sponging miR-495-3p by acting as a ceRNA. Additionally, NUP160 overexpression reversed the effects of HCG18 knockdown in high glucose treated-podocytes. The in vivo assays indicated that NUP160 knockdown alleviated the symptoms of DN rats. NUP160 knockdown plays a key role in preventing the progression of DN, suggesting that targeting NUP160 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for DN treatment.
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European Epidemiological Patterns of Cannabis- and Substance-Related Body Wall Congenital Anomalies: Geospatiotemporal and Causal Inferential Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159027. [PMID: 35897396 PMCID: PMC9330494 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As body wall congenital anomalies (BWCAs) have a long history of being associated with prenatal or community cannabis exposure (CCE), it was of interest to investigate these epidemiological relationships in Europe given the recent increases in cannabis use prevalence, daily intensity, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) potency. Methods: This study makes use of BWCA data from Eurocat, drug exposure data from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, and income from the World Bank. Results: The mapping analysis showed that BWCARs increased in France, Spain, and the Netherlands. The bivariate mapping analysis showed that the BWCA rates (BWCAR) and the cannabis resin THC concentration rose simultaneously in France, the Netherlands, Bulgaria, Sweden, and Norway. The bivariate ranking of the BWCARs by median minimum E-value (mEV) was omphalocele > diaphragmatic hernia > abdominal wall defects > gastroschisis. With inverse probability weighted multivariable panel regression, the series of BWCAs, including gastroschisis, omphalocele, and diaphragmatic hernia, was positively related to various metrics of cannabis use from p = 2.45 × 10−14, 4.77 × 10−7 and <2.2 × 10−16. With geospatial regression, the same series of BWCAs was related to cannabis metrics from p = 0.0016, 5.28 × 10−6 and 4.88 × 10−9. Seventeen out of twenty-eight (60.7%) of the E-value estimates were >9 (high range), as were 14/28 (50.0%) of the mEVs. Conclusion: The data confirm the close relationship of the BWCARs with the metrics of CCE, fulfill the quantitative criteria of causal inference, and underscore the salience of the public health impacts of cannabinoid teratogenicity. Of major concern is the rising CCE impacting exponential cannabinoid genotoxic dose-response relationships. CCE should be carefully restricted to protect the food chain, the genome, and the epigenome of coming generations.
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vanLieshout TL, Stouth DW, Hartel NG, Vasam G, Ng SY, Webb EK, Rebalka IA, Mikhail AI, Graham NA, Menzies KJ, Hawke TJ, Ljubicic V. The CARM1 transcriptome and arginine methylproteome mediate skeletal muscle integrative biology. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101555. [PMID: 35872306 PMCID: PMC9379683 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) catalyzes the methylation of arginine residues on target proteins to regulate critical processes in health and disease. A mechanistic understanding of the role(s) of CARM1 in skeletal muscle biology is only gradually emerging. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of CARM1 in regulating the maintenance and plasticity of skeletal muscle. METHODS We used transcriptomic, methylproteomic, molecular, functional, and integrative physiological approaches to determine the specific impact of CARM1 in muscle homeostasis. RESULTS Our data defines the occurrence of arginine methylation in skeletal muscle and demonstrates that this mark occurs on par with phosphorylation and ubiquitination. CARM1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice displayed altered transcriptomic and arginine methylproteomic signatures with molecular and functional outcomes confirming remodeled skeletal muscle contractile and neuromuscular junction characteristics, which presaged decreased exercise tolerance. Moreover, CARM1 regulates AMPK-PGC-1α signalling during acute conditions of activity-induced muscle plasticity. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers the broad impact of CARM1 in the maintenance and remodelling of skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek W Stouth
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nicolas G Hartel
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Goutham Vasam
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sean Y Ng
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Erin K Webb
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew I Mikhail
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nicholas A Graham
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Keir J Menzies
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and the Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, K1H 8M5, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Geotemporospatial and causal inferential epidemiological overview and survey of USA cannabis, cannabidiol and cannabinoid genotoxicity expressed in cancer incidence 2003-2017: part 2 - categorical bivariate analysis and attributable fractions. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:100. [PMID: 35354495 PMCID: PMC8969377 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the cannabis-cancer relationship remains an important open question epidemiological investigation is warranted to calculate key metrics including Rate Ratios (RR), Attributable Fractions in the Exposed (AFE) and Population Attributable Risks (PAR) to directly compare the implicated case burden between emerging cannabinoids and the established carcinogen tobacco. METHODS SEER*Stat software from Centres for Disease Control was used to access age-standardized state census incidence of 28 cancer types (including "All (non-skin) Cancer") from National Cancer Institute in US states 2001-2017. Drug exposures taken from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2003-2017, response rate 74.1%. Federal seizure data provided cannabinoid exposure. US Census Bureau furnished income and ethnicity. Exposure dichotomized as highest v. lowest exposure quintiles. Data processed in R. RESULTS Nineteen thousand eight hundred seventy-seven age-standardized cancer rates were returned. Based on these rates and state populations this equated to 51,623,922 cancer cases over an aggregated population 2003-2017 of 124,896,418,350. Fifteen cancers displayed elevated E-Values in the highest compared to the lowest quintiles of cannabidiol exposure, namely (in order): prostate, melanoma, Kaposi sarcoma, ovarian, bladder, colorectal, stomach, Hodgkins, esophagus, Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, All cancer, brain, lung, CLL and breast. Eleven cancers were elevated in the highest THC exposure quintile: melanoma, thyroid, liver, AML, ALL, pancreas, myeloma, CML, breast, oropharynx and stomach. Twelve cancers were elevated in the highest tobacco quintile confirming extant knowledge and study methodology. For cannabidiol RR declined from 1.397 (95%C.I. 1.392, 1.402), AFE declined from 28.40% (28.14, 28.66%), PAR declined from 15.3% (15.1, 15.5%) and minimum E-Values declined from 2.13. For THC RR declined from 2.166 (95%C.I. 2.153, 2.180), AFE declined from 53.8% (53.5, 54.1%); PAR declined from 36.1% (35.9, 36.4%) and minimum E-Values declined from 3.72. For tobacco, THC and cannabidiol based on AFE this implies an excess of 93,860, 91,677 and 48,510 cases; based on PAR data imply an excess of 36,450, 55,780 and 14,819 cases. CONCLUSION Data implicate 23/28 cancers as being linked with THC or cannabidiol exposure with epidemiologically-causal relationships comparable to those for tobacco. AFE-attributable cases for cannabinoids (91,677 and 48,510) compare with PAR-attributable cases for tobacco (36,450). Cannabinoids constitute an important multivalent community carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia. .,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia. .,, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
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Inhibition of Notch activity suppresses hyperglycemia-augmented polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype and alleviates acute pancreatitis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:455-471. [PMID: 35302580 PMCID: PMC8987789 DOI: 10.1042/cs20211031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disorder characterized by acinar cell death and inflammation. Multiple factors cause hyperglycemia after AP. Macrophage polarization is involved in tissue injury and repair, and is regulated by Notch signaling during certain inflammatory diseases. The present study explores the relationship among hyperglycemia, macrophage polarization, and Notch signaling during AP and the related mechanisms. A cerulein-induced AP model was established in FVB/N mice, and AP with hyperglycemia was initiated by injection of 50% concentration glucose. Tissue damage, Notch activity, and macrophage polarization were assessed in pancreatic tissues. The role of Notch signaling in macrophage polarization during AP was also assessed in vitro by co-culturing primary macrophages and pancreatic acinar cells, and establishing a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model in RAW264.7 cells. Pancreatic acinar cells were damaged and proinflammatory factor levels were increased in pancreatic tissues during AP. The hyperglycemic conditions aggravated pancreatic injury, increased macrophage infiltration, promoted macrophage polarization towards an M1 phenotype, and led to excessive up-regulation of Notch activity. Inhibition of Notch signaling by DAPT or Notch1 knockdown decreased the proportion of M1 macrophages and reduced the production of proinflammatory factors, thus mitigating pancreatic injury. These findings suggest that hyperglycemia induces excessive Notch signaling after AP and further aggravates AP by promoting pancreatic macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype. The Notch signaling pathway is a potential target for the prevention and treatment of AP.
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Geotemporospatial and causal inference epidemiological analysis of US survey and overview of cannabis, cannabidiol and cannabinoid genotoxicity in relation to congenital anomalies 2001–2015. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:47. [PMID: 35042455 PMCID: PMC8767720 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cannabinoids including cannabidiol have recognized genotoxic activities but their significance has not been studied broadly epidemiologically across the teratological spectrum. We examined these issues including contextual space-time relationships and formal causal inferential analysis in USA.
Methods
State congenital anomaly (CA) rate (CAR) data was taken from the annual reports of the National Birth Defects Prevention Network 2001–2005 to 2011–2015. Substance abuse rates were from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health a nationally representative longitudinal survey of the non-institutionalized US population with 74.1% response rate. Drugs examined were cigarettes, monthly and binge alcohol, monthly cannabis and analgesic and cocaine abuse. Early termination of pregnancy for abortion (ETOPFA) rates were taken from the published literature. Cannabinoid concentrations were from Drug Enforcement Agency. Ethnicity and income data were from the US Census Bureau. Inverse probability weighted (IPW) regressions and geotemporospatial regressions conducted for selected CAs.
Results
Data on 18,328,529 births from an aggregated population of 2,377,483,589 for mid-year analyses 2005–2013 comprehending 12,611 CARs for 62 CAs was assembled and ETOPFA-corrected (ETOPFACAR) where appropriate. E-Values for ETOPFACARs by substance trends were elevated for THC (40 CAs), cannabis (35 CAs), tobacco (11 CAs), cannabidiol (8 CAs), monthly alcohol (5 CAs) and binge alcohol (2 CAs) with minimum E-Values descending from 16.55, 1.55x107, 555.10, 7.53x1019, 9.30 and 32.98. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, chromosomal, limb reductions, urinary, face and body wall CAs particularly affected. Highest v. lowest substance use quintile CAR prevalence ratios 2.84 (95%C.I. 2.44, 3.31), 4.85 (4.08, 5.77) and 1.92 (1.63, 2.27) and attributable fraction in exposed 0.28 (0.27, 0.28), 0.57 (0.51, 0.62) and 0.47 (0.38, 0.55) for tobacco, cannabis and cannabidiol. Small intestinal stenosis or atresia and obstructive genitourinary defect were studied in detail in lagged IPW pseudo-randomized causal regressions and spatiotemporal models confirmed the causal role of cannabinoids. Spatiotemporal predictive modelling demonstrated strongly sigmoidal non-linear cannabidiol dose-response power-function relationships (P = 2.83x10−60 and 1.61x10−71 respectively).
Conclusions
Data implicate cannabinoids including cannabidiol in a diverse spectrum of heritable CAs. Sigmoidal non-linear dose-response relationships are of grave concern.
These transgenerational genotoxic, epigenotoxic, chromosomal-toxic putatively causal teratogenic effects strongly indicate tight restrictions on community cannabinoid penetration.
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Cannabinoid and substance relationships of European congenital anomaly patterns: a space-time panel regression and causal inferential study. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2022; 8:dvab015. [PMID: 35145760 PMCID: PMC8824558 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With reports from Australia, Canada, USA, Hawaii and Colorado documenting a link between cannabis and congenital anomalies (CAs), this relationship was investigated in Europe. Data on 90 CAs were accessed from Eurocat. Tobacco and alcohol consumption and median household income data were from the World Bank. Amphetamine, cocaine and last month and daily use of cannabis from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Cannabis herb and resin Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations were from published reports. Data were processed in R. Twelve thousand three hundred sixty CA rates were sourced across 16 nations of Europe. Nations with a higher or increasing rate of daily cannabis use had a 71.77% higher median CA rates than others [median ± interquartile range 2.13 (0.59, 6.30) v. 1.24 (0.15, 5.14)/10 000 live births (P = 4.74 × 10-17; minimum E-value (mEV) = 1.52]. Eighty-nine out of 90 CAs in bivariate association and 74/90 CAs in additive panel inverse probability weighted space-time regression were cannabis related. In inverse probability weighted interactive panel models lagged to zero, two, four and six years, 76, 31, 50 and 29 CAs had elevated mEVs (< 2.46 × 1039) for cannabis metrics. Cardiovascular, central nervous, gastrointestinal, genital, uronephrology, limb, face and chromosomalgenetic systems along with the multisystem VACTERL syndrome were particularly vulnerable targets. Data reveal that cannabis is related to many CAs and fulfil epidemiological criteria of causality. The triple convergence of rising cannabis use prevalence, intensity of daily use and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentration in herb and resin is powerfully implicated as a primary driver of European teratogenicity, confirming results from elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- **Correspondence address. Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia. Tel: (617) +3844-4000; Fax: (617) +3844-4015; E-mail:
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
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14
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Protein arginine methylation: from enigmatic functions to therapeutic targeting. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:509-530. [PMID: 33742187 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are emerging as attractive therapeutic targets. PRMTs regulate transcription, splicing, RNA biology, the DNA damage response and cell metabolism; these fundamental processes are altered in many diseases. Mechanistically understanding how these enzymes fuel and sustain cancer cells, especially in specific metabolic contexts or in the presence of certain mutations, has provided the rationale for targeting them in oncology. Ongoing inhibitor development, facilitated by structural biology, has generated tool compounds for the majority of PRMTs and enabled clinical programmes for the most advanced oncology targets, PRMT1 and PRMT5. In-depth mechanistic investigations using genetic and chemical tools continue to delineate the roles of PRMTs in regulating immune cells and cancer cells, and cardiovascular and neuronal function, and determine which pathways involving PRMTs could be synergistically targeted in combination therapies for cancer. This research is enhancing our knowledge of the complex functions of arginine methylation, will guide future clinical development and could identify new clinical indications.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cannabis is a known teratogen. Data availability addressing both major congenital anomalies and cannabis use allowed us to explore their geospatial relationships. METHODS Data for the years 1998 to 2009 from Canada Health and Statistics Canada was analyzed in R. Maps have been drawn and odds ratios, principal component analysis, correlation matrices, least squares regression and geospatial regression analyses have been conducted using the R packages base, dplyr, epiR, psych, ggplot2, colorplaner and the spml and spreml functions from package splm. RESULTS Mapping showed cannabis use was more common in the northern Territories of Canada in the Second National Survey of Cannabis Use 2018. Total congenital anomalies, all cardiovascular defects, orofacial clefts, Downs syndrome and gastroschisis were all found to be more common in these same regions and rose as a function of cannabis exposure. When Canada was dichotomized into high and low cannabis use zones by Provinces v Territories the Territories had a higher rate of total congenital anomalies 450.026 v 390.413 (O.R. = 1.16 95%C.I. 1.08-1.25, P = 0.000058; attributable fraction in exposed 13.25%, 95%C.I. 7.04-19.04%). In geospatial analysis in a spreml spatial error model cannabis was significant both alone as a main effect (P < 2.0 × 10) and in all its first and second order interactions with both tobacco and opioids from P < 2.0 × 10. CONCLUSION These results show that the northern Territories of Canada share a higher rate of cannabis use together with elevated rates of total congenital anomalies, all cardiovascular defects, Down's syndrome and gastroschisis. This is the second report of a significant association between cannabis use and both total defects and all cardiovascular anomalies and the fourth published report of a link with Downs syndrome and thereby direct major genotoxicity. The correlative relationships described in this paper are confounded by many features of social disadvantage in Canada's northern territories. However, in the context of a similar broad spectrum of defects described both in animals and in epidemiological reports from Hawaii, Colorado, USA and Australia they are cause for particular concern and indicate further research.
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Hsieh MC, Ho YC, Lai CY, Wang HH, Yang PS, Cheng JK, Chen GD, Ng SC, Lee AS, Tseng KW, Lin TB, Peng HY. Blocking the Spinal Fbxo3/CARM1/K + Channel Epigenetic Silencing Pathway as a Strategy for Neuropathic Pain Relief. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1295-1315. [PMID: 33415686 PMCID: PMC8423947 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many epigenetic regulators are involved in pain-associated spinal plasticity. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), an epigenetic regulator of histone arginine methylation, is a highly interesting target in neuroplasticity. However, its potential contribution to spinal plasticity-associated neuropathic pain development remains poorly explored. Here, we report that nerve injury decreased the expression of spinal CARM1 and induced allodynia. Moreover, decreasing spinal CARM1 expression by Fbxo3-mediated CARM1 ubiquitination promoted H3R17me2 decrement at the K+ channel promoter, thereby causing K+ channel epigenetic silencing and the development of neuropathic pain. Remarkably, in naïve rats, decreasing spinal CARM1 using CARM1 siRNA or a CARM1 inhibitor resulted in similar epigenetic signaling and allodynia. Furthermore, intrathecal administration of BC-1215 (a novel Fbxo3 inhibitor) prevented CARM1 ubiquitination to block K+ channel gene silencing and ameliorate allodynia after nerve injury. Collectively, the results reveal that this newly identified spinal Fbxo3-CARM1-K+ channel gene functional axis promotes neuropathic pain. These findings provide essential insights that will aid in the development of more efficient and specific therapies against neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Ho
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Lai
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hsiao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Po-Sheng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gin-Den Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Soo-Cheen Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Sheng Lee
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Tseng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-Bin Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11689, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yu Peng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd, Sanzhi Dist, New Taipei, 25245, Taiwan.
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Tian F, Yang HT, Huang T, Chen FF, Xiong FJ. Involvement of CB2 signalling pathway in the development of osteoporosis by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of hBMSCs. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2426-2435. [PMID: 33512770 PMCID: PMC7933947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism underlying the involvement of CB2 in osteoporosis. Micro‐CT was utilized to examine femur bone architecture. Also, real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis were utilized to detect the effect of 2‐AG on the expression of CB2 and Notch, or the interaction between CB2 and Notch 2. 2‐AG treatment up‐regulated BMD, Tb.Sp and SMI in OVX mice, whereas proportion of bone volume in total volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N) and bone mineral density (BMD) were decreased in 2‐AG‐treated OVX mice. Accordingly, 2‐AG administration up‐regulated Notch 1 expression in OVX mice but had no effect on CB2 and Notch 2 expression. Meanwhile, 2‐AG administration promoted the differentiation of hBMSCs in OVX mice, while exhibiting no effect on the proliferation of hBMSCs. Furthermore, in the cellular models, 2‐AG treatment also up‐regulated Notch 1 expression but had no effect on CB2 and Notch 2 expression, while Notch 1 shRNA had no effect on CB2 and Notch 2 expression. 2‐AG promoted cell proliferation and differentiation, which were inhibited by Notch 1 shRNA. NICD had no effect on CB2 level but increased Notch 1 expression, and CB2 shRNA decreased CB2 and Notch 1 expression. Finally, CB2 shRNA inhibited cell proliferation and differentiation, whereas NICD promoted proliferation and differentiation of hBMSCs. Our results provided further evidence for the association of CB2 gene with BMD and osteoporosis, and identified CB2 as a promising target for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng-Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu-Jun Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Suresh S, Huard S, Dubois T. CARM1/PRMT4: Making Its Mark beyond Its Function as a Transcriptional Coactivator. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:402-417. [PMID: 33485722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), identified 20 years ago as a coregulator of transcription, is an enzyme that catalyzes arginine methylation of proteins. Beyond its well-established involvement in the regulation of transcription, the physiological functions of CARM1 are still poorly understood. However, recent studies have revealed novel roles of CARM1 in autophagy, metabolism, paraspeckles, and early development. In addition, CARM1 is emerging as an attractive therapeutic target and a drug response biomarker for certain types of cancer. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure of CARM1 and its post-translational modifications, its various functions, apart from transcriptional coactivation, and its involvement in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyuktha Suresh
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Solène Huard
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France.
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19
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CARM1 Regulates AMPK Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. iScience 2020; 23:101755. [PMID: 33241200 PMCID: PMC7672286 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is an emerging mediator of skeletal muscle plasticity. We employed genetic, physiologic, and pharmacologic approaches to determine whether CARM1 regulates the master neuromuscular phenotypic modifier AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). CARM1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice displayed reduced muscle mass and dysregulated autophagic and atrophic processes downstream of AMPK. We observed altered interactions between CARM1 and AMPK and its network, including forkhead box protein O1, during muscle disuse. CARM1 methylated AMPK during the early stages of muscle inactivity, whereas CARM1 mKO mitigated progression of denervation-induced atrophy and was accompanied by attenuated phosphorylation of AMPK targets such as unc-51 like autophagy-activating kinase 1Ser555. Lower acetyl-coenzyme A corboxylaseSer79 phosphorylation, as well as reduced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, was also observed in mKO animals following acute administration of the direct AMPK activator MK-8722. Our study suggests that targeting CARM1-AMPK interplay may have broad impacts on neuromuscular health and disease. Role of the arginine methyltransferase CARM1 in muscle biology remains undefined Skeletal muscle-specific removal of CARM1 alters autophagic and atrophic processes CARM1 methylates AMPK and mediates AMPK signaling during neurogenic muscle disuse Targeted pharmacological AMPK stimulation is impacted by CARM1 in skeletal muscle
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20
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Cai S, Wang P, Xie T, Li Z, Li J, Lan R, Ding Y, Lu J, Ye J, Wang J, Li Z, Liu P. Histone H4R3 symmetric di-methylation by Prmt5 protects against cardiac hypertrophy via regulation of Filip1L/β-catenin. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105104. [PMID: 32739429 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although histone lysine methylation has been extensively studied for their participation in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, the potential regulatory role of histone arginine methylation remains to be elucidated. The present study focused on H4R3 symmetric di-methylation (H4R3me2s) induced by protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5), and explored its epigenetic regulation and underlying mechanisms in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS 1. The expressions of Prmt5 and H4R3me2s were suppressed in cardiac hypertrophy models in vivo and in vitro; 2. Prmt5 silencing or its inhibitor EPZ, or knockdown of cooperator of Prmt5 (Copr5) to disrupt H4R3me2s, facilitated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, whereas overexpression of wild type Prmt5 rather than the inactive mutant protected cardiomyocytes against hypertrophy; 3. ChIP-sequence analysis identified Filip1L as a target gene of Prmt5-induced H4R3me2s; 4. Knockdown or inhibition of Prmt5 impaired Filip1L transcription and subsequently prevented β-catenin degradation, thus augmenting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that Prmt5-induced H4R3me2s ameliorates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by transcriptional upregulation of Filip1L and subsequent enhancement of β-catenin degradation. Deficiency of Prmt5 and the resulting suppression of H4R3me2s might facilitate the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Prmt5 might serve as a key epigenetic regulator in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidong Cai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 283 Jianghai Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Rui Lan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Nho JH, Park MJ, Park HJ, Lee JH, Choi JH, Oh SJ, Lee YJ, Yu YB, Kim HS, Kim DI, Choi WS. Protein arginine methyltransferase-1 stimulates dopaminergic neuronal cell death in a Parkinson's disease model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:389-395. [PMID: 32532423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are responsible for diverse neurodegenerative diseases. However, their pathophysiological role in dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been evaluated. In this study, we demonstrated that 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+), rotenone and paraquat, which cause dopaminergic neuronal cell death, increased PRMT1 expression in dopaminergic cell line. Dopaminergic neuronal cell death was increased by PRMT1 overexpression. MPP+-induced cell death was attenuated by PRMT1 knockdown. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) expression and activity, poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation), were elevated by MPP+. Moreover, we found that PRMT1 positively regulates nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Elevated PRMT1 expression was observed in the substantia nigra pars compacta of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-injected mice. Furthermore, MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death was reduced in PRMT1 haploinsufficient (prmt1+/-) mice. These data suggest that PRMT1 is implicated in PARP1/AIF-mediated dopaminergic neuronal cell death, which might be involved in the pathology of PD. Therefore, our results propose PRMT1 as a new target to develop a potential treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyun Nho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Non-clinical study (GLP) center, National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Jangheung-gun 59319, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hyung Joon Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Oh
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Development, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Beob Yu
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Development, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; Life Science Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea; College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Dong J, Jiang Z, Ma G. Hsp90 inhibition aggravates adriamycin-induced podocyte injury through intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 390:111928. [PMID: 32156599 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury leads to impaired filtration barrier function of the kidney that underlies the pathophysiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), the most common NS occurring in children. The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is involved in the regulation of apoptosis in a variety of cell types, however, little is known about its role in podocytes and whether it associated with NS. Here, we show that Hsp90 is upregulated in glomeruli podocytes from mice with adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy, and that it is also upregulated in an immortalized podocyte cell line treated with ADR in vitro, together suggesting an association of Hsp90 upregulation in podocytes with NS pathogenesis. Functionally, Hsp90 inhibition with PU-H71 aggravates ADR-induced podocyte apoptosis and worsens the impairment of filtration barrier function. Mechanistically, Hsp90 inhibition with PU-H71 enhances the activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and moreover, blockade of podocyte apoptosis with zVAD-fmk (aVAD), a pan-caspase inhibitor, abrogates effects of Hsp90 inhibition on filtration barrier function of ADR-treated podocytes, thus demonstrating that Hsp90 inhibition aggravates ADR-induced podocyte injury through intrinsic apoptosis pathway. In sum, this study reveals a detrimental role of Hsp90 inhibition in podocyte injury, which may offer it as a potential therapeutic target in NS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Dong
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, China.
| | - Guorui Ma
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, China
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Wei B, Liu YS, Guan HX. MicroRNA-145-5p attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis by targeting the Notch signaling pathway in podocytes. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:1915-1924. [PMID: 32104249 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are considered to serve essential roles in podocyte apoptosis, and to be critical in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Activation of the Notch signaling pathway has been demonstrated to serve an important role in DN development; however, its regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. The present study used a high glucose (HG)-induced in vitro apoptosis model using mouse podocytes. Expression levels of miR-145-5p and its target, Notch1, and other key factors involved in the apoptosis signaling pathway were detected and measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to elucidate the miRNA-target interactions. The functions of miR-145-5p in apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. The present study demonstrated that in HG conditions, miR-145-5p overexpression inhibited Notch1, Notch intracellular domain, Hes1 and Hey1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Notch1 was identified as a direct target of miR-145-5p. Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax levels were reduced significantly by miR-145-5p overexpression. These results indicate that miR-145-5p overexpression inhibited the Notch signaling pathway and podocyte lesions induced by HG. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that miR-145-5p may be a regulator of DN. Additionally, miR-145-5p inhibited HG-induced apoptosis by directly targeting Notch1 and dysregulating apoptotic factors, including cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax. The results of the present study provided evidence that miR-145-5p may offer a novel approach for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163411, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Song Liu
- Dental Department, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163411, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Li Y, Peng M, Zeng T, Zheng J, Liao Y, Zhang H, Yang S, Chen L. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 4 Regulates Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Type 1 Diabetic Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:535-544. [PMID: 32161480 PMCID: PMC7049750 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s235869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertriglyceridemia is considered to be driven by increased lipolysis in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, information regarding the transcriptional circuitry that governs lipolysis remains incomplete in T1DM. Protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4), a transcriptional coactivation factor, promotes autophagy and may play an important role in lipolysis. We wonder whether activated lipolysis in T1DM is regulated by PRMT4. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recombinant adeno-associated virus was adopted to overexpress PRMT4 in adipose tissue of mice. Streptozotocin (150 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice to induce T1DM. Plasma insulin, triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFAs) levels were determined using commercial assay kits. Differentiated adipocytes were applied to verify the regulation of PRMT4 on lipolysis. RESULTS Elevated serum triglycerides and FFAs were observed in PRMT4-overexpressed T1DM mice. We also observed that PRMT4 over-expression induced the decrease of fat pads weights and adipocyte sizes. Moreover, expression levels of lipolysis-related molecules, including ATGL, HSL, and MAGL, and HSL phosphorylation levels were increased in PRMT4-overexpressed mice when compared to those of control mice. In vitro, PRMT4 promoted FFAs release and activated HSL phosphorylation, whereas PRMT4 knockdown inhibited these processes. CONCLUSION PRMT4 promotes lipolysis and increases serum triglyceride in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430022, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lulu Chen Email
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Qiao X, Kim DI, Jun H, Ma Y, Knights AJ, Park MJ, Zhu K, Lipinski JH, Liao J, Li Y, Richard S, Weinman SA, Wu J. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Interacts With PGC1α and Modulates Thermogenic Fat Activation. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2773-2786. [PMID: 31555811 PMCID: PMC6853686 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are enzymes that regulate the evolutionarily conserved process of arginine methylation. It has been reported that PRMTs are involved in many metabolic regulatory pathways. However, until now, their roles in adipocyte function, especially browning and thermogenesis, have not been evaluated. Even though Prmt1 adipocyte-specific-deleted mice (Prmt1fl/flAQcre) appeared normal at basal level, following cold exposure or β-adrenergic stimulation, impaired induction of the thermogenic program was observed in both the interscapular brown adipose tissue and inguinal white adipose tissue of Prmt1fl/flAQcre mice compared with littermate controls. Different splicing variants of Prmt1 have been reported. Among them, PRMT1 variant 1 and PRMT1 variant 2 (PRMT1V2) are well conserved between humans and mice. Both variants contribute to the activation of thermogenic fat, with PRMT1V2 playing a more dominant role. Mechanistic studies using cultured murine and human adipocytes revealed that PRMT1V2 mediates thermogenic fat activation through PGC1α, a transcriptional coactivator that has been shown to play a key role in mitochondrial biogenesis. To our knowledge, our data are the first to demonstrate that PRMT1 plays a regulatory role in thermogenic fat function. These findings suggest that modulating PRMT1 activity may represent new avenues to regulate thermogenic fat and mediate energy homeostasis. This function is conserved in human primary adipocytes, suggesting that further investigation of this pathway may ultimately lead to therapeutic strategies against human obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dong-il Kim
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Jun
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kezhou Zhu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jay H Lipinski
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jiling Liao
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steven A Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jun Wu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Jun Wu, PhD, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 5115A, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
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26
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vanLieshout TL, Ljubicic V. The emergence of protein arginine methyltransferases in skeletal muscle and metabolic disease. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1070-E1080. [PMID: 31593503 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00251.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the methylation of arginine residues on target proteins and thus alter the stability, localization, or activity of the substrate. In doing so, PRMTs mediate a variety of intracellular functions that are essential for survival. Additionally, PRMT dysregulation is involved in a number of the most prevalent health disorders, including cancer and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as in the aging process. Investigations of PRMT biology in skeletal muscle cells began in 2002, and since then these enzymes have emerged as regulators of skeletal muscle phenotype determination, maintenance, and remodeling. Specifically, more recent in vivo studies have revealed that PRMTs impact multiple aspects of skeletal muscle biology, including satellite cell function and phenotypic plasticity in response to exercise and disuse. Skeletal muscle plays critically important roles in regulating whole body metabolism, and recent investigations have also begun elucidating PRMT expression and function under conditions of metabolic dysfunction. The goals of this review are to 1) summarize the literature on PRMT biology in skeletal muscle with a particular emphasis on the in vivo evidence and 2) survey PRMTs in metabolic disorders, namely, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also identify notable knowledge gaps therein and present opportunities to further expand our understanding of these enzymes so critical to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Jarrold J, Davies CC. PRMTs and Arginine Methylation: Cancer's Best-Kept Secret? Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:993-1009. [PMID: 31230909 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins is vital for increasing proteome diversity and maintaining cellular homeostasis. If the writing, reading, and removal of modifications are not controlled, cancer can develop. Arginine methylation is an understudied modification that is increasingly associated with cancer progression. Consequently protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), the writers of arginine methylation, have rapidly gained interest as novel drug targets. However, for clinical success a deep mechanistic understanding of the biology of PRMTs is required. In this review we focus on advances made regarding the role of PRMTs in stem cell biology, epigenetics, splicing, immune surveillance and the DNA damage response, and highlight the rapid rise of specific inhibitors that are now in clinical trials for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jarrold
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Clare C Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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28
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Wang Y, Ju C, Hu J, Huang K, Yang L. PRMT4 overexpression aggravates cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction by promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:645-650. [PMID: 31627895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction due to coronary artery occlusion leads to adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Apoptotic loss of cardiomyocytes near the ischemia area enlarges infarct area and promotes cardiac remodeling. Protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4), a type I protein arginine methyltransferase, is involved in many cellular processes. Here we aimed to investigate the role of PRMT4 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial infarction. We found that PRMT4 expression was markedly increased in ischemic heart and hypoxic cardiomyocytes. In vivo, cardiac-specific overexpression of PRMT4 in mice resulted in decreased survival rate, reduced left ventricular function, and aggravated cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction. Mechanistically, PRMT4 overexpression promoted hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis, while its inhibition abolished these effects. Taken together, our work suggested an essential role of PRMT4 in myocardial infarction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenhui Ju
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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29
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Rakow S, Pullamsetti SS, Bauer UM, Bouchard C. Assaying epigenome functions of PRMTs and their substrates. Methods 2019; 175:53-65. [PMID: 31542509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the widespread and increasing number of identified post-translational modifications (PTMs), arginine methylation is catalyzed by the protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and regulates fundamental processes in cells, such as gene regulation, RNA processing, translation, and signal transduction. As epigenetic regulators, PRMTs play key roles in pluripotency, differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, which are essential biological programs leading to development, adult homeostasis but also pathological conditions including cancer. A full understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie PRMT-mediated gene regulation requires the genome wide mapping of each player, i.e., PRMTs, their substrates and epigenetic marks, methyl-marks readers as well as interaction partners, in a thorough and unambiguous manner. However, despite the tremendous advances in high throughput sequencing technologies and the numerous efforts from the scientific community, the epigenomic profiling of PRMTs as well as their histone and non-histone substrates still remains a big challenge owing to obvious limitations in tools and methodologies. This review will summarize the present knowledge about the genome wide mapping of PRMTs and their substrates as well as the technical approaches currently in use. The limitations and pitfalls of the technical tools along with conventional approaches will be then discussed in detail. Finally, potential new strategies for chromatin profiling of PRMTs and histone substrates will be proposed and described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinja Rakow
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 2, BMFZ, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Uta-Maria Bauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 2, BMFZ, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Bouchard
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 2, BMFZ, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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30
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Cannabis Teratology Explains Current Patterns of Coloradan Congenital Defects: The Contribution of Increased Cannabinoid Exposure to Rising Teratological Trends. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2019; 58:1085-1123. [PMID: 31288542 PMCID: PMC6691650 DOI: 10.1177/0009922819861281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rising Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations in modern cannabis invites investigation of the teratological implications of prenatal cannabis exposure. Data from Colorado Responds to Children with Special Needs (CRCSN), National Survey of Drug Use and Health, and Drug Enforcement Agency was analyzed. Seven, 40, and 2 defects were rising, flat, and falling, respectively, and 10/12 summary indices rose. Atrial septal defect, spina bifida, microcephalus, Down's syndrome, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus rose, and along with central nervous system, cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, chromosomal, and musculoskeletal defects rose 5 to 37 times faster than the birth rate (3.3%) to generate an excess of 11 753 (22%) major anomalies. Cannabis was the only drug whose use grew from 2000 to 2014 while pain relievers, cocaine, alcohol, and tobacco did not. The correlation of cannabis use with major defects in 2014 (2019 dataset) was R = .77, P = .0011. Multiple cannabinoids were linked with summary measures of congenital anomalies and were robust to multivariate adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Yao B, Zhang H, Liang S, Ma J, Liang X, Shi W. Sam68 mediates high glucose‑induced podocyte apoptosis through modulation of Bax/Bcl‑2. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3728-3734. [PMID: 31485651 PMCID: PMC6755155 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia promotes podocyte apoptosis and contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanisms of hyperglycemia-induced podocyte apoptosis remain unknown. Recent studies have implicated Src-associated substrate during mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68) in various cellular processes including RNA metabolism, apoptosis, signal transduction. This study sought to examine the effect of Sam68 on high glucose (HG)-induced podocytes apoptosis, and the mechanism underlying this effect. Immortalized mouse podocytes were exposed to medium containing normal glucose, or HG and Sam68 siRNA, respectively. The expression of Sam68 in podocytes was determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. The role of Sam68 in HG-induced podocyte apoptosis was further evaluated by inhibiting Sam68 expression by Sam68 siRNA and performing flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of pro-apoptosis gene Bax and anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 were assessed by qRCR and immunoblotting. In the present study, it was first demonstrated that Sam68 was upregulated in a time and dose-dependent manner in in vitro HG-treated podocytes. Pretreatment with Sam68 siRNA markedly decreased nuclear Sam68 expression. Moreover, the effects of HG-induced apoptosis were also abrogated by Sam68 knockdown in cultured podocytes. Furthermore, HG increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in cultured podocytes, and this effect was blocked by Sam68 knockdown. The results of the present study revealed that Sam68 mediated HG-induced podocyte apoptosis, probably through the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, and thus may be a potential therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Binfeng Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shun Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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vanLieshout TL, Bonafiglia JT, Gurd BJ, Ljubicic V. Protein arginine methyltransferase biology in humans during acute and chronic skeletal muscle plasticity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:867-880. [PMID: 31369333 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00142.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the methylation of arginine residues on target proteins. While dysregulation of PRMTs has been documented in a number of the most prevalent diseases, our understanding of PRMT biology in human skeletal muscle is limited. This study served to address this knowledge gap by exploring PRMT expression and function in human skeletal muscle in vivo and characterizing PRMT biology in response to acute and chronic stimuli for muscle plasticity. Fourteen untrained, healthy men performed one session of sprint interval exercise (SIE) before completing four bouts of SIE per week for 6 wk as part of a sprint interval training (SIT) program. Throughout this time course, multiple muscle biopsies were collected. We found that at basal, resting conditions PRMT1, PRMT4, PRMT5, and PRMT7 were the most abundantly expressed PRMT mRNAs in human quadriceps muscle. Additionally, the broad subcellular distribution pattern of PRMTs suggests methyltransferase activity throughout human myofibers. A spectrum of PRMT-specific inductions, and decrements, in expression and activity were observed in response to acute and chronic cues for muscle plasticity. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that PRMTs are present and active in human skeletal muscle in vivo and that there are distinct, enzyme-specific responses and adaptations in PRMT biology to acute and chronic stimuli for muscle plasticity. This work advances our understanding of this critical family of enzymes in humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first report of protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) biology in human skeletal muscle in vivo. We observed that PRMT1, -4, -5, and -7 were the most abundant PRMT mRNAs in human muscle and that PRMT proteins exhibited a broad subcellular localization that included myonuclear, cytosolic, and sarcolemmal compartments. Acute exercise and chronic training evoked PRMT-specific alterations in expression and activity. This study reveals a hitherto unknown complexity to PRMT biology in human muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob T Bonafiglia
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendon J Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Birchmount Park Collegiate Institute, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Birchmount Park Collegiate Institute, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang X, Lu Y, Wang J, He N. Overexpression of Brg1 alleviates high glucose-induced retinal ganglion cell apoptosis though regulating Notch/Hes1 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1160-1166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fu Y, Wang C, Zhang D, Chu X, Zhang Y, Li J. miR-15b-5p ameliorated high glucose-induced podocyte injury through repressing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses by targeting Sema3A. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20869-20878. [PMID: 31025335 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte damage is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs play important roles in the DN pathogenesis. This study aimed to explore the possible roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-15b-5p on high glucose (HG)-triggered podocyte injury. We observed that miR-15b-5p declined dramatically in a time-dependent manner in podocytes exposed to HG. In addition, miR-15b-5p restored cell proliferation in HG-induced podocytes. Meanwhile, forced expression of miR-15b-5p apparently restrained HG-triggered apoptosis of podocytes, concomitant with downregulated in the proapoptotic protein markers Bax and cleavage caspase-3, and upregulated the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Simultaneously, introduction of miR-15b-5p repressed HG-induced oxidative stress damage in HG-treated podocytes, as evidenced by reduced MDA content, NOX4 expression, and enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Moreover, enforced expression of miR-15b-5p remarkably restrained the HG-stimulated inflammatory response, as reflected by attenuated the level of the cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. More important, we also identified Sema3A as a direct target of miR-15b-5p. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot subsequently confirmed that miR-15b-5p negatively modulated the level of Sema3A. Mechanically, overexpression of Sema3A impeded the beneficial effects of miR-15b-5p on HG-mediated apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Altogether, these findings manifested that miR-15b-5p protectively antagonized HG-triggered podocyte damage through relieving HG-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory process in podocytes by targeting Sema3A, suggesting that miR-15b-5p might be a new therapeutic agent to improve management of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chongxian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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Qin H, Xu J, Gong L, Jiang B, Zhao W. The long noncoding RNA ST7-AS1 promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by stabilizing CARM1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:34-40. [PMID: 30853182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) represents a malignant cancer and contributes largely to head and neck tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms for LSCC progression are poorly understood. In current work, we identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) termed suppressor of tumorigenicity 7 antisense RNA 1 (ST7-AS1) as an oncogenic factor in LSCC. ST7-AS1 is frequently overexpressed in LSCC tissues and cell lines. ST7-AS1 is required for the malignancy of LSCC cells through migration, tumor sphere formation assay and in vivo implantation. Mechanistically, ST7-AS1 could interact with CARM1, a well characterized protein arginine methyltransferase and protect CARM1 from ubiquitin-dependent degradation. CARM1 can methylate Sox-2, a pluripotent transcription factor. Thus, ST7-AS1 might mediate its oncogenic effect by signaling through CARM1-Sox-2 axis to enhance Sox-2 self-association and transactivation activity. Collectively, we have unraveled a ST7-AS1/CARM1/Sox-2 signaling axis in LSCC and may have created novel interconnections between noncoding RNAs and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinxia Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Baolu Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
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Porta M, Amione C, Barutta F, Fornengo P, Merlo S, Gruden G, Albano L, Ciccarelli M, Ungaro P, Durazzo M, Beguinot F, Berchialla P, Cavallo F, Trento M. The co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) gene is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2019; 63:284-292. [PMID: 30173329 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the expression of a panel of epigenetic enzymes catalyzing histone tails post-transcriptional modifications, together with effectors of metabolic and inflammatory alterations, in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Cross-sectional, case-control study of 21 people with type 2 diabetes and 21 matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from white cells and reverse transcribed. PCR primer assays for 84 key genes encoding enzymes known to modify genomic DNA and histones were performed. Western blot was performed on lysates using primary antibodies for abnormally expressed enzymes. Hormones and cytokines were measured by multiplex kits. A Bayesian network was built to investigate the relationships between epigenetic, cytokine, and endocrine variables. RESULTS Co-activator-associated aRginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression showed a five-fold higher median value, matched by higher protein levels, among patients who also had increased GIP, IL-4, IL-7, IL-13, IL-17, FGF basic, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNFα and decreased IP-10. In a Bayesian network approach, CARM1 expression showed a conditional dependence on diabetes, but was independent of all other variables nor appeared to influence any. CONCLUSIONS Increased CARM1 expression in type 2 diabetes suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are altered in human diabetes. The impact of lifestyle and pharmacological treatment on regulation of this enzyme should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Cristina Amione
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Barutta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornengo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Merlo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Ciccarelli
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Durazzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marina Trento
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Wang J, Qiu Z, Wu Y. Ubiquitin Regulation: The Histone Modifying Enzyme's Story. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090118. [PMID: 30150556 PMCID: PMC6162602 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications influence many fundamental cellular events by regulating chromatin structure and gene transcriptional activity. These modifications are highly dynamic and tightly controlled, with many enzymes devoted to the addition and removal of these modifications. Interestingly, these modifying enzymes are themselves fine-tuned and precisely regulated at the level of protein turnover by ubiquitin-proteasomal processing. Here, we focus on recent progress centered on the mechanisms regulating ubiquitination of histone modifying enzymes, including ubiquitin proteasomal degradation and the reverse process of deubiquitination. We will also discuss the potential pathophysiological significance of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Zhaoping Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Yadi Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, KY 40506, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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Li Y, Sui X, Hu X, Hu Z. Overexpression of KLF5 inhibits puromycin‑induced apoptosis of podocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3843-3849. [PMID: 30106142 PMCID: PMC6131625 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus (DM); the incidence has been predicted to reach 7.7% by 2030 on a global scale. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is involved in numerous important biological processes; however, the potential effects of KLF5 on podocytes in patients with diabetic nephrotic (DN) have not yet been investigated. In the present study, synaptopodin expression in podocytes was investigated using an immunofluorescence assay. Following this, the proliferation of podocytes was investigated using an MTT assay. In addition, KLF5 was overexpressed in podocytes, and cell cycle arrest and apoptosis was subsequently investigated using flow cytometry. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to detect the expression levels of genes involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis, and the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. The results demonstrated that treatment with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) suppressed the proliferation of podocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and overexpression of KLF5 induced cell cycle arrest of podocytes regulated by PAN. Furthermore, overexpression of KLF5 was revealed to have inhibited PAN-induced apoptosis of podocytes, and that overexpression of KLF5 suppressed the ERK/p38 MAP kinase pathway in podocytes induced by PAN. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that KLF5 may represent a potential therapeutic target for treatment of patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoni Sui
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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39
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Barutta F, Bruno G, Mastrocola R, Bellini S, Gruden G. The role of cannabinoid signaling in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Kidney Int 2018; 94:252-258. [PMID: 29706358 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous cannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol bind to the cannabinoid receptors of type 1 and 2. These receptors are also the binding sites for exogenous, both natural and synthetic, cannabinoids that are used for recreation purposes. Until recently, cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors have attracted little interest among nephrologists; however, a full endocannabinoid system (ECS) is present in the kidney and it has recently emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, drug nephrotoxicity, and progressive chronic kidney disease. This newly established role of the ECS in the kidney might have therapeutic relevance, as pharmacological modulation of the ECS has renoprotective effects in experimental animals, raising hope for future potential applications in humans. In addition, over the last years, there has been a number of reported cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with the use of synthetic cannabinoids that appear to have higher potency and rate of toxicity than natural Cannabis. This poorly recognized cause of renal injury should be considered in the differential diagnosis of AKI, particularly in young people. In this review we provide an overview of preclinical evidence indicating a role of the ECS in renal disease and discuss potential future therapeutic applications. Moreover, we give a critical update of synthetic cannabinoid-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barutta
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Graziella Bruno
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Bellini
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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40
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to examine and summarize studies assessing the relevance of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). RECENT FINDINGS Endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid receptors of type 1 (CB1R) and of type 2 (CB2R) are present in the normal kidney. Expression of CB1R and CB2R is altered in experimental DKD. Studies in experimental animals and cultured kidney cells show a beneficial effect of peripheral CB1R blockade and CB2R activation in DKD and an even greater efficacy of a combined treatment. Preclinical studies confirm that both CB1R and CB2R are implicated in the pathogenesis of DKD and may represent novel targets for treatment. However, we need to gain a better understanding of the ECS prior to move to human clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barutta
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C/so Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - R Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S Bellini
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C/so Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Bruno
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C/so Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C/so Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Stouth DW, vanLieshout TL, Shen NY, Ljubicic V. Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Plasticity by Protein Arginine Methyltransferases and Their Potential Roles in Neuromuscular Disorders. Front Physiol 2017; 8:870. [PMID: 29163212 PMCID: PMC5674940 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the methylation of arginine residues on target proteins, thereby mediating a diverse set of intracellular functions that are indispensable for survival. Indeed, full-body knockouts of specific PRMTs are lethal and PRMT dysregulation has been implicated in the most prevalent chronic disorders, such as cancers and cardiovascular disease (CVD). PRMTs are now emerging as important mediators of skeletal muscle phenotype and plasticity. Since their first description in muscle in 2002, a number of studies employing wide varieties of experimental models support the hypothesis that PRMTs regulate multiple aspects of skeletal muscle biology, including development and regeneration, glucose metabolism, as well as oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, investigations in non-muscle cell types strongly suggest that proteins, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, E2F transcription factor 1, receptor interacting protein 140, and the tumor suppressor protein p53, are putative downstream targets of PRMTs that regulate muscle phenotype determination and remodeling. Recent studies demonstrating that PRMT function is dysregulated in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggests that altering PRMT expression and/or activity may have therapeutic value for neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). This review summarizes our understanding of PRMT biology in skeletal muscle, and identifies uncharted areas that warrant further investigation in this rapidly expanding field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W Stouth
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Nicole Y Shen
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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42
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Blanc RS, Richard S. Arginine Methylation: The Coming of Age. Mol Cell 2017; 65:8-24. [PMID: 28061334 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 637] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification functioning as an epigenetic regulator of transcription and playing key roles in pre-mRNA splicing, DNA damage signaling, mRNA translation, cell signaling, and cell fate decision. Recently, a wealth of studies using transgenic mouse models and selective PRMT inhibitors helped define physiological roles for protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) linking them to diseases such as cancer and metabolic, neurodegenerative, and muscular disorders. This review describes the recent molecular advances that have been uncovered in normal and diseased mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roméo S Blanc
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada.
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43
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Sirt6 deficiency exacerbates podocyte injury and proteinuria through targeting Notch signaling. Nat Commun 2017; 8:413. [PMID: 28871079 PMCID: PMC5583183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a major determinant of proteinuric kidney disease and the identification of potential therapeutic targets for preventing podocyte injury has clinical importance. Here, we show that histone deacetylase Sirt6 protects against podocyte injury through epigenetic regulation of Notch signaling. Sirt6 is downregulated in renal biopsies from patients with podocytopathies and its expression correlates with glomerular filtration rate. Podocyte-specific deletion of Sirt6 exacerbates podocyte injury and proteinuria in two independent mouse models, diabetic nephropathy, and adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Sirt6 has pleiotropic protective actions in podocytes, including anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, is involved in actin cytoskeleton maintenance and promotes autophagy. Sirt6 also reduces urokinase plasminogen activator receptor expression, which is a key factor for podocyte foot process effacement and proteinuria. Mechanistically, Sirt6 inhibits Notch1 and Notch4 transcription by deacetylating histone H3K9. We propose Sirt6 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of proteinuric kidney disease. Podocytes are essential components of the renal glomerular filtration barrier and podocyte dysfunction leads to proteinuric kidney disease. Here Liu et al. show that Sirt6 protects podocytes from apoptosis and inflammation by increasing autophagic flux through inhibition of the Notch pathway.
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Li X, Lai Y, Li J, Zou M, Zou C. Oxidative stress destabilizes protein arginine methyltransferase 4 via glycogen synthase kinase 3β to impede lung epithelial cell migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28637674 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress impacts normal cellular function leading to the pathogenesis of various diseases including pulmonary illnesses. Protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) is critical for normal lung alveolar epithelial cell development; however, the regulation of PRMT4 within such pulmonary diseases has yet to be elucidated. Using biochemical approaches, we uncovered that peroxide (H2O2) treatment decreases PRMT4 protein stability in murine lung epithelial (MLE12) cells to impede cell migration. Protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) interacts with PRMT4 and catalyzes PRMT4 T132 phosphorylation that protects PRMT4 from ubiquitin proteasomal degradation. H2O2 downregulates GSK-3β to reduce PRMT4 at protein level. PRMT4 promotes cell migration and H2O2 degrades PRMT4 to inhibit lung epithelial cell migration. These observations demonstrate that oxidative stress destabilizes PRMT4 via GSK-3β signaling to impede lung epithelial cell migration that may hinder the lung repair and regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Li
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yandong Lai
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jin Li
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mingyi Zou
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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45
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Tam J. The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in the pathogenesis and treatment of kidney diseases. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 27:267-76. [PMID: 26280171 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are endogenous lipid ligands that bind to cannabinoid receptors that also mediate the effects of marijuana. The eCB system is comprised of eCBs, anandamide, and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, their cannabinoid-1 and cannabinoid-2 receptors (CB1 and CB2, respectively), and the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis and degradation. It is present in both the central nervous system and peripheral organs including the kidney. The current review focuses on the role of the eCB system in normal kidney function and various diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, that directly contributes to the development of renal pathologies. Normally, activation of the CB1 receptor regulates renal vascular hemodynamics and stimulates the transport of ions and proteins in different nephron compartments. In various mouse and rat models of obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, eCBs generated in various renal cells activate CB1 receptors and contribute to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis. These effects can be chronically ameliorated by CB1 receptor blockers. In contrast, activation of the renal CB2 receptors reduces the deleterious effects of these chronic diseases. Because the therapeutic potential of globally acting CB1 receptor antagonists in these conditions is limited due to their neuropsychiatric adverse effects, the recent development of peripherally restricted CB1 receptor antagonists may represent a novel pharmacological approach in treating renal diseases.
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46
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LaFoya B, Munroe JA, Mia MM, Detweiler MA, Crow JJ, Wood T, Roth S, Sharma B, Albig AR. Notch: A multi-functional integrating system of microenvironmental signals. Dev Biol 2016; 418:227-41. [PMID: 27565024 PMCID: PMC5144577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling cascade is an evolutionarily ancient system that allows cells to interact with their microenvironmental neighbors through direct cell-cell interactions, thereby directing a variety of developmental processes. Recent research is discovering that Notch signaling is also responsive to a broad variety of stimuli beyond cell-cell interactions, including: ECM composition, crosstalk with other signaling systems, shear stress, hypoxia, and hyperglycemia. Given this emerging understanding of Notch responsiveness to microenvironmental conditions, it appears that the classical view of Notch as a mechanism enabling cell-cell interactions, is only a part of a broader function to integrate microenvironmental cues. In this review, we summarize and discuss published data supporting the idea that the full function of Notch signaling is to serve as an integrator of microenvironmental signals thus allowing cells to sense and respond to a multitude of conditions around them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce LaFoya
- Biomolecular Sciences PhD Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Jordan A Munroe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Masum M Mia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Michael A Detweiler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Jacob J Crow
- Biomolecular Sciences PhD Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Travis Wood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Steven Roth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Bikram Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Allan R Albig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; Biomolecular Sciences PhD Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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47
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Borggrefe T, Lauth M, Zwijsen A, Huylebroeck D, Oswald F, Giaimo BD. The Notch intracellular domain integrates signals from Wnt, Hedgehog, TGFβ/BMP and hypoxia pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:303-13. [PMID: 26592459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling is a highly conserved signal transduction pathway that regulates stem cell maintenance and differentiation in several organ systems. Upon activation, the Notch receptor is proteolytically processed, its intracellular domain (NICD) translocates into the nucleus and activates expression of target genes. Output, strength and duration of the signal are tightly regulated by post-translational modifications. Here we review the intracellular post-translational regulation of Notch that fine-tunes the outcome of the Notch response. We also describe how crosstalk with other conserved signaling pathways like the Wnt, Hedgehog, hypoxia and TGFβ/BMP pathways can affect Notch signaling output. This regulation can happen by regulation of ligand, receptor or transcription factor expression, regulation of protein stability of intracellular key components, usage of the same cofactors or coregulation of the same key target genes. Since carcinogenesis is often dependent on at least two of these pathways, a better understanding of their molecular crosstalk is pivotal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - An Zwijsen
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease and Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franz Oswald
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm, Germany
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PRMT1 and PRMT4 Regulate Oxidative Stress-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Damage in SIRT1-Dependent and SIRT1-Independent Manners. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:617919. [PMID: 26583059 PMCID: PMC4637092 DOI: 10.1155/2015/617919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell damage is involved in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Arginine methylation catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) has emerged as an important histone modification involved in diverse diseases. Sirtuin (SIRT1) is a protein deacetylase implicated in the onset of metabolic diseases. Therefore, we examined the roles of type I PRMTs and their relationship with SIRT1 in human RPE cells under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. H2O2 treatment increased PRMT1 and PRMT4 expression but decreased SIRT1 expression. Similar to H2O2 treatment, PRMT1 or PRMT4 overexpression increased RPE cell damage. Moreover, the H2O2-induced RPE cell damage was attenuated by PRMT1 or PRMT4 knockdown and SIRT1 overexpression. In this study, we revealed that SIRT1 expression was regulated by PRMT1 but not by PRMT4. Finally, we found that PRMT1 and PRMT4 expression is increased in the RPE layer of streptozotocin-treated rats. Taken together, we demonstrated that oxidative stress induces apoptosis both via PRMT1 in a SIRT1-dependent manner and via PRMT4 in a SIRT1-independent manner. The inhibition of the expression of type I PRMTs, especially PRMT1 and PRMT4, and increased SIRT1 could be therapeutic approaches for diabetic retinopathy.
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Yeom CG, Kim DI, Park MJ, Choi JH, Jeong J, Wi A, Park W, Han HJ, Park SH. Insulin-induced CARM1 upregulation facilitates hepatocyte proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:568-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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New role of irisin in hepatocytes: The protective effect of hepatic steatosis in vitro. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1831-9. [PMID: 25917316 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is a newly identified myokine related to exercise and the browning of white fat. Recently, it was reported that irisin serum levels are associated with intrahepatic triglyceride content, suggesting that it might have an important role in the liver. The aim of this study was to determine the role of irisin in hepatocytes. Specifically, the effect of recombinant irisin on palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipogenesis and its related signal pathways were examined in AML12 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes. In the present study, we observed the presence of irisin inside the cells in response to the treatment of recombinant irisin by flow cytometry and cell imaging technique. Recombinant irisin significantly inhibited the PA-induced increase in lipogenic markers ACC and FAS at the mRNA and protein levels, and prevented the PA-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Additionally, irisin inhibited the PA-induced increase in the expression, nuclear localization, and transcriptional activities of the master regulators of lipogenesis (LXRα and SREBP-1c). Moreover, irisin attenuated PA-induced oxidative stress, which was confirmed by measuring the expression of inflammatory markers (NFκB, COX-2, p38 MAPK, TNF, IL-6) and superoxide indicator (dihydroethidium). The preventive effects of irisin against lipogenesis and oxidative stress were mediated by the inhibition of protein arginine methyltransferase-3 (PRMT3). These findings suggested that irisin might have a beneficial role in the prevention of hepatic steatosis by altering the expression of lipogenic genes and attenuating oxidative stress in a PRMT3 dependent manner.
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