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Pan Z, Hu W, Huang J, Zheng Z, Lin E, Wang P, Mao L. Increased FGL1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes EMT in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2066-2081. [PMID: 37843652 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) is a proliferation- and metabolism-related factor secreted by the liver that is aberrantly expressed and functionally abnormal in human malignancies. However, the role of FGL1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown. We analysed FGL1 expression in HNSCC and its impact on patient survival using the TCGA database. The role of FGL1 in HNSCC cells was investigated by Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. In addition, we conducted in vivo experiments to assess the effect of FGL1 knockdown on tumour growth. We found that FGL1 was highly expressed in HNSCC and correlated with a poor prognosis. Downregulation of FGL1 expression inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells. Furthermore, mechanistic analysis revealed that FGL1 induced an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and, thus, the malignant progression of HNSCC cells. Finally, xenograft models showed that FGL1 knockdown significantly inhibited EMT in HNSCC in vivo. Our study revealed that FGL1, an oncogene, promotes the malignant progression of HNSCC, providing new perspective on and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - Weiqun Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jinqiao Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhicong Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - Enrun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - PingPing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China
| | - Linwei Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, PR China.
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2
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Chen J, Wu L, Li Y. FGL1 and FGL2: emerging regulators of liver health and disease. Biomark Res 2024; 12:53. [PMID: 38816776 PMCID: PMC11141035 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a complex group of diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates, emerging as a major global health concern. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of fibrinogen-like proteins, specifically fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) and fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2), in the regulation of various liver diseases. FGL1 plays a crucial role in promoting hepatocyte growth, regulating lipid metabolism, and influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME), contributing significantly to liver repair, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and liver cancer. On the other hand, FGL2 is a multifunctional protein known for its role in modulating prothrombin activity and inducing immune tolerance, impacting viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver transplantation. Understanding the functions and mechanisms of fibrinogen-like proteins is essential for the development of effective therapeutic approaches for liver diseases. Additionally, FGL1 has demonstrated potential as a disease biomarker in radiation and drug-induced liver injury as well as HCC, while FGL2 shows promise as a biomarker in viral hepatitis and liver transplantation. The expression levels of these molecules offer exciting prospects for disease assessment. This review provides an overview of the structure and roles of FGL1 and FGL2 in different liver conditions, emphasizing the intricate molecular regulatory processes and advancements in targeted therapies. Furthermore, it explores the potential benefits and challenges of targeting FGL1 and FGL2 for liver disease treatment and the prospects of fibrinogen-like proteins as biomarkers for liver disease, offering insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongming Chen
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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3
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Shafieizadeh Z, Shafieizadeh Z, Davoudi M, Afrisham R, Miao X. Role of Fibrinogen-like Protein 1 in Tumor Recurrence Following Hepatectomy. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:406-415. [PMID: 38638375 PMCID: PMC11022061 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Partial hepatectomy is a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Within 2 weeks following partial hepatectomy, specific molecular pathways are activated to promote liver regeneration. Nevertheless, residual microtumors may also exploit these pathways to reappear and metastasize. Therapeutically targeting molecules that are differentially regulated between normal cells and malignancies, such as fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), appears to be an effective approach. The potential functions of FGL1 in both regenerative and malignant cells are discussed within the ambit of this review. While FGL1 is normally elevated in regenerative hepatocytes, it is normally downregulated in malignant cells. Hepatectomy does indeed upregulate FGL1 by increasing the release of transcription factors that promote FGL1, including HNF-1α and STAT3, and inflammatory effectors, such as TGF-β and IL6. This, in turn, stimulates certain proliferative pathways, including EGFR/Src/ERK. Hepatectomy alters the phase transition of highly differentiated hepatocytes from G0 to G1, thereby transforming susceptible cells into cancerous ones. Activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by FGL1 allele loss on chromosome 8, a tumor suppressor area, may also cause hepatocellular carcinoma. Interestingly, FGL1 is specifically expressed in the liver via HNF-1α histone acetylase activity, which triggers lipid metabolic reprogramming in malignancies. FGL1 might also be involved in other carcinogenesis processes such as hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immunosuppression, and sorafenib-mediated drug resistance. This study highlights a research gap in these disciplines and the necessity for additional research on FGL1 function in the described processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shafieizadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Shafieizadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Davoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Xiaolei Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
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Stefanaki K, Ilias I, Paschou SA, Karagiannakis DS. Hepatokines: the missing link in the development of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS? Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:715-724. [PMID: 37704921 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The liver plays a critical role in several metabolic pathways, including the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, is closely associated with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hepatokines, newly discovered proteins secreted by hepatocytes, have been linked to the induction of these metabolic dysregulations. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, has been associated with NAFLD and IR, while hyperandrogenism additionally appears to be implicated in the pathogenesis of the latter. However, the potential role of hepatokines in the development of metabolic disorders in PCOS has not been fully investigated. Therefore, the aim of this review is to critically appraise the current evidence regarding the interplay of hepatokines with NAFLD, hyperandrogenism, and IR in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Stefanaki
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, "Elena Venizelou" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Alexandra" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios S Karagiannakis
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Laiko" General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Cakmak A, Kale İ, Muhcu M. Investigation of maternal serum hepassocin concentrations in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective case-control study. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:441-447. [PMID: 37369220 DOI: 10.1055/a-2096-6339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal serum hepassocin concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 pregnant women who applied to the Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between April 2022 and November 2022. The GDM group consisted of 44 pregnant women who had a 75-g OGTT between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy and were diagnosed with GDM. The control group consisted of 44 healthy pregnant women who were matched with the GDM group in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) and had a normal 75-g OGTT result. Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and perinatal outcomes were noted. Two groups were compared in terms of maternal serum hepassocin concentrations. RESULTS Both groups were similar in terms of age, BMI, weight gain, gravida, parity, polycystic ovary syndrome history, history of diabetes mellitus in the family, and the gestational week at blood sampling for hepassocin (p>0.05 for each). The median maternal serum hepassocin concentration was found to be 18.21 ng/ml in the GDM group, while it was determined as 13.05 ng/ml in the non-GDM group (p=0.012). The GDM group was divided into two groups: the group that only dieted until birth and the group that used insulin until birth for blood glucose regulation. The median hepassocin concentration was found to be 17.99 ng/ml in the diet-only GDM group and 32.15 ng/ml in the insulin-using GDM group. ROC analysis was performed to determine the value of maternal serum hepassocin concentration in predicting GDM. AUC analysis of maternal serum hepassocin for estimation of GDM was 0.656 (p=0.012, 95% CI=0.53-0.77). The optimal threshold value for maternal serum hepassocin concentration was determined as 14.13 ng/ml with 61.4% sensitivity and 61.4% specificity. CONCLUSION Serum hepassocin concentration evaluated between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation was found to be higher in pregnant women with GDM than in the non-GDM group. The highest serum hepassocin concentration was found in the GDM group using insulin for blood glucose regulation. Hepassocin seems to be a promising molecule that can be used in GDM screening in pregnant women who do not want to have an OGTT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Cakmak
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kale
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Muhcu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Wang CC, Lin CH, Chou HW, Wang CT, Liang YC, Wu HT, Ou HY. Compensatory Increase of Serum Hepassocin Protects Hyperthyroidism-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1936. [PMID: 37509575 PMCID: PMC10377103 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic dysfunction is commonly observed in subjects with hyperthyroidism. Hepassocin is a hepatokine playing an important role in metabolic diseases and exhibiting a hepatic protective effect. Nevertheless, the relationship between hepassocin and hyperthyroidism was still unknown. In the present study, a total of 36 subjects with Graves' disease were enrolled, and we found that the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly decreased in parallel with the decrement in serum hepassocin concentrations at 6 months after standard treatment for hyperthyroidism. In addition, HepG2 cell line was used to investigate the role of hepassocin in hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction. Treatment of hepassocin recombinant protein in HepG2 cells dose-dependently decreased triiodothyronine (T3)-induced ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation. Moreover, hepassocin significantly increased the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in a dose-dependent manner. Deletion of hepassocin in HepG2 cells reversed the effects of T3 on PEPCK expressions. Furthermore, we found that T3 increased the expression of hepassocin through a hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α-dependent pathway. Taken together, these results indicated a compensatory increase in serum hepassocin might have a protective role in hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Wen Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Teng Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tsung Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
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7
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Sui Y, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Li G, Liu L, Tan H, Sun B, Li L. Fibrinogen-like Protein 1 as a Predictive Marker for the Incidence of Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121753. [PMID: 36556955 PMCID: PMC9785826 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is defined as an acute inflammatory disorder of the pancreas and is a common gastrointestinal disease. Since currently used indicators lack specifics and cannot accurately reflect the phase of disease, better diagnostic approaches need to be explored. Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL-1) is a reactant in acute inflammatory diseases and is increased in the plasma of AP patients. In the current study, we aim to investigate the clinical benefits of FGL-1 in predicting the severity of AP and infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN), which can improve the diagnostic efficiency of AP. Materials and Methods: In this study, 63 patients diagnosed with AP from December 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled. Regarding the severity of AP, patients were separated into severe acute pancreatitis (SAP, n = 12) and No-SAP groups (n = 51). On the basis of infective conditions, patients were divided into IPN (n = 9) and No-IPN (n = 54) groups. The demographic data (sex and age) and blood parameters (WBC, HCT, glucose, calcium, FIB, APTT, PCT, CRP, and FGL-1) were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The plasma FGL-1 levels were increased in both SAP (p < 0.01) and IPN (p < 0.05) subgroups compared to the healthy control group. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated plasma FGL-1 (p < 0.01) and PCT levels (p < 0.05) within 72 h after the onset of AP were positively correlated with the severity of AP, while increased plasma FGL-1 (p < 0.01) and CRP (p < 0.05) levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of IPN. The combination of FGL-1 and PCT showed superiority to both individual markers in SAP prediction. However, the combination of FGL-1 and CRP showed no diagnostic advantage over CRP in IPN prediction. Conclusions: Plasma FGL-1 within 72 h after the onset could be used for the stratification of AP and its infectious complications. The combination of PCT and FGL-1 presents an enormous advantage for the early identification of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Sui
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang 550024, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongtao Tan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (L.L.)
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8
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Protective Role of Hepassocin against Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113325. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepassocin (HPS) is a hepatokine that has multiple proposed physiological functions. Some of the biological processes in which it is involved are closely related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but the role of HPS in the regulation of ER stress remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that HPS transcription is induced by the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) cascade upon ER stress in hepatocytes. Additionally, fasting/refeeding also induced HPS expression in mice liver. The loss of HPS sensitizes hepatocytes to ER stress-related cytotoxicity in vitro, whereas HPS treatment altered these phenotypes. HPS deficiency exacerbates fasting/refeeding-induced ER stress in vivo. The preliminary administration of HPS ameliorates liver steatosis, cell death, and inflammation in mice injected with tunicamycin (TM). The improvement of HPS can be observed even if HPS protein is injected after TM treatment. Furthermore, the administration of an ER stress inhibitor alleviated steatohepatitis in methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed HPS-deficient mice. These results suggest that HPS protects hepatocytes from physiological and pathological ER stress, and that the inactivation of HPS signaling aggravating ER stress may be a novel mechanism that drives the development of steatohepatitis. The protective mechanism of HPS against ER stress in hepatocytes was associated with the regulation of ER calcium handling, and the suppression of calcium influx release from ER upon stressor treatment. Collectively, our findings indicate that HPS may act in a negative feedback fashion to regulate hepatic ER stress and protect hepatocytes from ER stress-related injury. HPS has the potential to be a candidate drug for the treatment of ER stress-related liver injury.
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Yang Y, Liu X, Chen H, Wang P, Yao S, Zhou B, Yin R, Li C, Wu C, Yang X, Yu M. HPS protects the liver against steatosis, cell death, inflammation, and fibrosis in mice with steatohepatitis. FEBS J 2022; 289:5279-5304. [PMID: 35285180 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepassocin (HPS) is a hepatokine associated with metabolic regulation and development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, previous reports on HPS are controversial and its true function is not yet understood. Here, we demonstrated that hepatic HPS expression levels were upregulated in short-term feeding and downregulated in long-term feeding in high-fat diet (HFD)- and methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mice, as well as in genetically obese (ob/ob) mice. HFD- and MCD-induced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis were more pronounced in HPS knockout mice than in the wild-type mice. Moreover, HPS depletion aggravated HFD-induced insulin resistance. By contrast, HPS administration improved MCD- or HFD-induced liver phenotypes and insulin resistance in HPS knockout and wild-type mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that MCD-induced hepatic oxidative stress was significantly increased by HPS deficiency and could be attenuated by HPS administration. Furthermore, palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress were exclusively enhanced in HPS knockout hepatocytes and diminished by HPS cotreatment. These data suggest that HPS ameliorates NASH in mice, at least in part, by inhibiting the oxidative stress. HPS expression levels are downregulated in human fatty liver tissues, suggesting that it may play an important protective role in NASH. Collectively, our findings provide clear genetic evidence that HPS has beneficial effects on the development of steatohepatitis in mice and suggest that upregulating HPS signaling may represent an effective treatment strategy for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Songhui Yao
- Institute of Life Sciences, HeBei University, Baoding, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Changyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Chutse Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China.,Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, HeBei University, Baoding, China
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10
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Vachher M, Bansal S, Kumar B, Yadav S, Arora T, Wali NM, Burman A. Contribution of organokines in the development of NAFLD/NASH associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1553-1584. [PMID: 35818831 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Globally the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on an upsurge. Evidence is accumulating that liver disorders like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with increased risk of developing HCC. NAFLD has a prevalence of about 25% and 50%-90% in obese population. With the growing burden of obesity epidemic worldwide, HCC presents a major healthcare burden. While cirrhosis is one of the major risk factors of HCC, available literature suggests that NAFLD/NASH associated HCC also develops in minimum or noncirrhotic livers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with NAFLD and NASH related HCC that would help in early diagnosis and favorable prognosis of HCC secondary to NAFLD. Adipokines, hepatokines and myokines are factors secreted by adipocytes, hepatocytes and myocytes, respectively, playing essential roles in cellular homeostasis, energy balance and metabolism with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. In this review, we endeavor to focus on the role of these organokines in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and its progression to HCC to augment the understanding of the factors stimulating hepatocytes to acquire a malignant phenotype. This shall aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies and tools for early diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Vachher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Savita Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nalini Moza Wali
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Archana Burman
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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11
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Hua N, Chen A, Yang C, Dong H, He X, Ru G, Tong X, Zhou F, Wang S. The correlation of fibrinogen-like protein-1 expression with the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7911-7919. [PMID: 35776395 PMCID: PMC9304048 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-like-protein 1 (FGL1), a member of the fibrinogen-related protein (FREP) family, is a major ligand of the immune inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3). While FGL1 is strongly implicated in the development and prognosis of a variety of diseases, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still disputed. Therefore, the role of FGL1 expression in the progression and prognosis of HCC was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, bioinformatics analysis was first used to probe the expression profile of FGL1 in multiple malignant tumor tissues and paired normal tissues, and to explore the possible relationship between FGL1 and prognosis of HCC patients. Thereafter, the expression levels of FGL1 were determined and compared in human HCC cell lines, HCC tissues, peri-tumor tissues and normal liver tissues by western blot analysis. Furthermore, tissue microarrays were used to detect the expression of FGL1 through immunohistochemical staining and to verify whether the FGL1 expression level was associated with clinicopathological features and the prognosis of HCC patients. The results showed that FGL1 was downregulated significantly in most of the HCC cells lines and HCC tissues, corresponding to the results of the bioinformatics and western blot analyses. FGL1 expression level in HCC was found to be correlated to Edmondson grade and metastasis of the HCC. Additionally, high FGL1 expression was associated with better overall survival in HCC patients, suggesting that FGL1 could function as a tumor suppressor. CONCLUSIONS The expression level of FGL1 can be correlated with the progression and prognosis of HCC, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanni Hua
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.,Cancer Center, Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Anxian Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Xianglei He
- Departments of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoqing Ru
- Departments of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Cancer Center, Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Departments of TCM Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shibing Wang
- Cancer Center, Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Liu XH, Qi LW, Alolga RN, Liu Q. Implication of the hepatokine, fibrinogen-like protein 1 in liver diseases, metabolic disorders and cancer: The need to harness its full potential. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:292-300. [PMID: 34975333 PMCID: PMC8692158 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) is a novel hepatokine that forms part of the fibrinogen superfamily. It is predominantly expressed in the liver under normal physiological conditions. When the liver is injured by external factors, such as chemical drugs and radiation, FGL1 acts as a protective factor to promote the growth of regenerated cells. However, elevated hepatic FGL1 under high fat conditions can cause lipid accumulation and inflammation, which in turn trigger the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, and obesity. FGL1 is also involved in the regulation of insulin resistance in adipose tissues and skeletal muscles as a means of communication between the liver and other tissues. In addition, the abnormally changed FGL1 levels in the plasma of cancer patients make it a potential predictor of cancer incidence in clinical practice. FGL1 was recently identified as a major functional ligand of the immune inhibitory receptor, lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3), thus making it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy except for the classical programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis. Despite the potential of FGL1 as a new cancer biomarker and therapeutic target, there are few related studies and much of what has been reported are superficial and lack depth and particularity. Therefore, elucidating the role and underlying mechanisms of FGL1 could be crucial for the development of promising diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for related diseases. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the cellular mechanisms and clinical prospects of FGL1 in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, metabolic disorders and cancer, and proffer suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Raphael N Alolga
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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13
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Lv Z, Cui B, Huang X, Feng HY, Wang T, Wang HF, Xuan YD, Li HZ, Ma X, Huang Y, Zhang X. FGL1 as a Novel Mediator and Biomarker of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:756843. [PMID: 34956878 PMCID: PMC8695555 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.756843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which is the most prevalent renal cell carcinoma subtype, has a poor prognosis. Emerging strategies for enhancing the immune response in ccRCC therapy are currently being investigated. Fibrinogen-like Protein 1(FGL1) is a novel mechanism that tumors may use to evade the immune system by binding LAG-3 and negatively regulating T cells. In this study, we aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of FGL1 in ccRCC, and its expression and prognostic value. We found that FGL1 was upregulated in tumor tissues and plasma specimens of ccRCC patients. High FGL1 expression predicted a poor prognosis for ccRCC patients. We also discovered that overexpression of FGL1 enhances RCC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis by activating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Consistent with these results, we identified a significant positive correlation between expression of FGL1 and EMT-related genes through tissue microarray analysis. Gene-expression analysis revealed that FGL1-deficient ccRCC cell lines had altered transcriptional output in inflammatory response, cell-cell signaling, negative regulation of T cell activation, and intracellular signal transduction. Depletion of FGL1 significantly inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis in orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Infiltration of myeloid-derived CD11b+ and Ly6G+ immune cells in tumor microenvironment (TME) was strikingly decreased when FGL1 expression reduced. Therefore, increased FGL1 expression in ccRCC is positively correlated with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, FGL1 facilitates the EMT process and modulates TME, which promotes ccRCC progression and metastasis. Consequently, targeting FGL1 can potentially improve clinical outcome of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lv
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Yi Feng
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Feng Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Dong Xuan
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Zhao Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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14
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Lin WW, Ho KW, Su HH, Fang TF, Tzou SC, Chen IJ, Lu YC, Chang MS, Tsai YC, Liu ES, Su YC, Wang YT, Cheng TL, Huang HK. Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1 Serves as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent for Collagen-Induced Arthritis Therapy in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767868. [PMID: 34975855 PMCID: PMC8716738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) was recently identified as a major ligand of lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3) on activated T cells and serves as an immune suppressive molecule for regulation of immune homeostasis. However, whether FGL1 has therapeutic potential for use in the T cell-induced the autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is still unknown. Here, we attempted to evaluate the effect of FGL1 protein on arthritis progression. We also evaluated potential adverse events in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. We first confirmed that soluble Fgl1 protein could specifically bind to surface Lag-3 receptor on 3T3-Lag-3 cells and further inhibit interleukin (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) secretion from activated primary mouse T cells by 95% and 43%, respectively. Intraperitoneal administration of Fgl1 protein significantly decreased the inflammatory cytokine level (i.e., IL-1β and IL-6) in local paw tissue, and prevented joint inflammation, cellular infiltration, bone deformation and attenuated collagen-induced arthritis progression in vivo. We further demonstrated that exogenous Fgl1 does not cause obvious adverse events during treatment by monitoring body weight and liver weight, and assessing the morphology of several organs (i.e., heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) by pathological studies. We expect that Fgl1 protein may be suitable to serve as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of RA or even other types of T cell-induced autoimmune or inflammatory diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Wei Lin, ; Hsin-Kai Huang,
| | - Kai-Wen Ho
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Fang Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Lu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Shen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - En-Shuo Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tseng Wang
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Kai Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Wei Lin, ; Hsin-Kai Huang,
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15
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Yang Y, Zhai H, Wan Y, Wang X, Chen H, Dong L, Liu T, Dou G, Wu C, Yu M. Recombinant Human HPS Protects Mice and Nonhuman Primates from Acute Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12886. [PMID: 34884691 PMCID: PMC8657617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury shares a common feature of hepatocytes death, immune system disorders, and cellular stress. Hepassocin (HPS) is a hepatokine that has ability to promote hepatocytes proliferation and to protect rats from D-galactose (D-Gal)- or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury by stimulating hepatocytes proliferation and preventing the high mortality rate, hepatocyte death, and hepatic inflammation. In this paper, we generated a pharmaceutical-grade recombinant human HPS using mammalian cells expression system and evaluated the effects of HPS administration on the pathogenesis of acute liver injury in monkey and mice. In the model mice of D-galactosamine (D-GalN) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury, HPS treatment significantly reduced hepatocyte death and inflammation response, and consequently attenuated the development of acute liver failure. In the model monkey of D-GalN-induced liver injury, HPS administration promoted hepatocytes proliferation, prevented hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidation stress, and resulted in amelioration of liver injury. Furthermore, the primary pharmacokinetic study showed natural HPS possesses favorable pharmacokinetics; the acute toxicity study indicated no significant changes in behavioral, clinical, or histopathological parameters of HPS-treated mice, implying the clinical potential of HPS. Our results suggest that exogenous HPS has protective effects on acute liver injury in both mice and monkeys. HPS or HPS analogues and mimetics may provide novel drugs for the treatment of acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Huali Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yue Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (H.C.); (L.D.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, An Hui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (H.C.); (L.D.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, He Bei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (H.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Lihou Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (H.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Taoyun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (T.L.); (G.D.)
| | - Guifang Dou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (T.L.); (G.D.)
| | - Chutse Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (T.L.); (G.D.)
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (H.C.); (L.D.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, An Hui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, He Bei University, Baoding 071002, China
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16
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Stefaniuk D, Misztal T, Pięt M, Zając A, Kopycińska M, Matuszewska A, Ruminowicz-Stefaniuk M, Matuszewski Ł, Marcińczyk N, Belcarz A, Żuchowski J, Skrabalak I, Grąz M, Ciołek B, Paduch R, Jaszek M. Thromboelastometric Analysis of Anticancer Cerrena unicolor Subfractions Reveal Their Potential as Fibrin Glue Drug Carrier Enhancers. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091263. [PMID: 34572476 PMCID: PMC8470457 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influence of two subfractions (with previously proven anti-cancer properties) isolated from wood rot fungus Cerrena unicolor on the formation of a fibrin clot was investigated in the context of potential use as fibrin glue and sealant enhancers and potential wound healing agents. With the use of ROTEM thromboelastometry, we demonstrated that, in the presence of fibrinogen and thrombin, the S6 fraction accelerated the formation of a fibrin clot, had a positive effect on its elasticity modulus, and enhanced the degree of fibrin cross-linking. The S5 fraction alone showed no influence on the fibrin coagulation process; however, in the presence of fibrin, it exhibited a decrease in anti-proliferative properties against the HT-29 line, while it increased the proliferation of cells in general at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Both fractions retained their proapoptotic properties to a lesser degree. In combination with the S6 fraction in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:3, the fractions contributed to increased inhibition of the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This may suggest anti-metastatic activity of the combined fractions. In conclusion, the potential of the fractions isolated from the C. unicolor secretome to be used as a means of improving the wound healing process was presented. The potential for delivering agents with cytostatic properties introduced far from the site of action or exerting a pro-proliferative effect at the wound site with the aid of a fibrin sealant was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Stefaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.); (M.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Adrian Zając
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Kopycińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.); (M.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Matuszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Marta Ruminowicz-Stefaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Łukasz Matuszewski
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Natalia Marcińczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Belcarz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Żuchowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Ilona Skrabalak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Marcin Grąz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Beata Ciołek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.); (M.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (M.R.-S.); (I.S.); (M.G.); (B.C.); (M.J.)
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17
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Mori K, Suzuki T, Miura K, Dohmae N, Simizu S. Involvement of LH3 and GLT25D1 for glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxylation on non-collagen-like domain of FGL1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 560:93-98. [PMID: 33984770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxylation (GGH) is one type of post-translational modification, which is mainly observed in collagen-like domain-containing proteins. Using LC-MS/MS analysis, we found a GGH-like modification at Lys65 of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), although it does not contain a collagen-like domain. To identify the glycosyltransferases responsible for this modification, we established LH3/GLT25D1-knockout FGL1-overexpressing HT1080 cell lines. The result showed that knockout of LH3 or GLT25D1 significantly inhibited the glycosylation. Furthermore, deficiency of GGH by point mutation of the FGL1 protein or knockout of the GGH-related glycosyltransferase reduced FGL1 protein levels. Taken together, these data indicate that Lys65 of FGL1 is glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxylated by LH3 and GLT25D1. Our results provide novel insights to regulate various FGL1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuki Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Siro Simizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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18
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Zhang X, Zhu H, Zheng X, Jiao Y, Ning L, Zhou EM, Mu Y. A Double-Antibody Sandwich ELISA for Sensitive and Specific Detection of Swine Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670626. [PMID: 33968077 PMCID: PMC8102871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), a member of the fibrinogen family, is a specific hepatocyte mitogen. Recently, it has been reported that FGL1 is the main inhibitory ligand of lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG3). Furthermore, the FGL1-LAG3 pathway has a synergistic effect with programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway and is regarded as a promising immunotherapeutic target. However, swine FGL1 (sFGL1) has not been characterized and its detection method is lacking. In the study, the sFGL1 gene was amplified from the liver tissue of swine and then inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector, pQE-30. The recombinant plasmid pQE30-sFGL1 was transformed into JM109 competent cells. The recombinant sFGL1 was induced expression by isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and the purified sFGL1 was used as an antigen to produce mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) and rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb). After identification, a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for sensitive and specific detection of sFGL1 was developed. Swine FGL1 in samples was captured by anti‐sFGL1 mAb followed by detection with anti‐sFGL1 rabbit pAb and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG. The limit of detection of the developed sFLG1-DAS-ELISA is 35 pg/ml with recombinant sFLG1. Besides, it does not show cross‐reactivity with the control protein. Then serum samples of PRRSV-negative and -positive pigs were tested with the established DAS-ELISA and calculated according to the equation of y=0.0735x+0.0737. The results showed that PRRSV infection enhanced the serum FGL1 levels significantly. Our research provides a platform for the research on the functional roles of swine FGL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Haipeng Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Yunjie Jiao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Lulu Ning
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - En-Min Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Yang Mu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
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19
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Yu J, Li J, Shen J, Du F, Wu X, Li M, Chen Y, Cho CH, Li X, Xiao Z, Zhao Y. The role of Fibrinogen-like proteins in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1079-1087. [PMID: 33867830 PMCID: PMC8040309 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.56748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-associated protein (FREP) family is a family of proteins with a fibrin domain at the carboxyl terminus. Recent investigations illustrated that two members of FREP family, fibrinogen-like protein-1 (FGL1) and fibrinogen-like protein-2 (FGL2), play crucial roles in cancer by regulating the proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells, or regulating the functions of immune cells in tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, they are potential targets for medical intervention of tumor development. In this review, we discussed the structure, and the roles of FGL1 and FGL2 in tumors, especially the roles in regulating immune cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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20
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Tsai IT, Hung WC, Lu YC, Wu CC, Lee TL, Hsuan CF, Yu TH, Wei CT, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Wang CP. Circulating hepassocin level in patients with stable angina is associated with fatty liver and renal function. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1-7. [PMID: 33390768 PMCID: PMC7738965 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease and it is often associated with hepatic steatosis. Hepassocin (also known as hepatocyte-derived fibrinogen related protein or fibrinogen-like 1) is a novel hepatokine that causes hepatic steatosis and induces insulin resistance. However, the role of hepassocin in renal function status remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the association of plasma hepassocin level with fatty liver and renal function status in patients with stable angina. Methods: Plasma hepassocin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 395 consecutive patients with stable angina. Renal function was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Fatty liver was defined by ultrasonography and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index. Results: With increasing hepassocin tertiles, patients had higher prevalence of fatty live, an increased waist-to-hip ratio, and neutrophil count, monocyte count, and FIB-4 index, higher levels of uric acid, blood urine nitrogen and higher sensitivity C-reactive protein. They also had incrementally lower eGFR, serum hemoglobin and albumin levels. In multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, only eGFR was significantly independent negatively associated with plasma hepassocin levels. Conclusion: Our results indicate that circulating hepassocin in patients with stable angina is associated with fatty liver and renal function, which suggests that increased plasma hepassocin may be involved in the pathogenesis of fatty liver and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ting Tsai
- Department of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chuan Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
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21
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Jensen-Cody SO, Potthoff MJ. Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver. Mol Metab 2020; 44:101138. [PMID: 33285302 PMCID: PMC7788242 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The liver is a key regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and can sense and respond to nutrient excess and deficiency through crosstalk with multiple tissues. Regulation of systemic energy homeostasis by the liver is mediated in part through regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Dysregulation of either process may result in metabolic dysfunction and contribute to the development of insulin resistance or fatty liver disease. Scope of review The liver has recently been recognized as an endocrine organ that secretes hepatokines, which are liver-derived factors that can signal to and communicate with distant tissues. Dysregulation of liver-centered inter-organ pathways may contribute to improper regulation of energy homeostasis and ultimately metabolic dysfunction. Deciphering the mechanisms that regulate hepatokine expression and communication with distant tissues is essential for understanding inter-organ communication and for the development of therapeutic strategies to treat metabolic dysfunction. Major conclusions In this review, we discuss liver-centric regulation of energy homeostasis through hepatokine secretion. We highlight key hepatokines and their roles in metabolic control, examine the molecular mechanisms of each hepatokine, and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets for metabolic disease. We also discuss important areas of future studies that may contribute to understanding hepatokine signaling under healthy and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon O Jensen-Cody
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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22
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Liu S, Guo Y, Lu L, Lu J, Ke M, Xu T, Lu Y, Chen W, Wang J, Kong D, Shen Q, Zhu Y, Tan W, Ji W, Zhou W. Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1 Is a Novel Biomarker for Predicting Disease Activity and Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579228. [PMID: 33123164 PMCID: PMC7574527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), afflicting over 1% of the population, is an inflammatory joint disease leading to cartilage damage and ultimately impaired joint function. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are considered as the first-line treatment to inhibit the progression of RA, and the treatment depends on the disease status assessment. The disease activity score 28 as clinical gold standard is extensively used for RA assessment, but it has the limitations of delayed assessment and the need for specialized expertise. It is necessary to discover biomarkers that can precisely monitor disease activity, and provide optimized treatment for RA patients. A total of 1,244 participants from two independent centers were divided into five cohorts. Cohorts 1–4 constituted sera samples of moderate to high active RA, low active RA, RA in remission and healthy subjects. Cohort 5 consisted of sera of RA, osteoarthritis (OA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and healthy subjects. Biomarkers were found from cohorts 1–2 (screening sets), cohort 3 (discovery and external validation sets), cohort 4 (drug intervention set) and cohort 5 (biomarker-specific evaluation set). We found 68 upregulated and 74 downregulated proteins by TMT-labeled proteomics in cohort 1, and fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values in cohort 2. In cohort 3, in cross-comparison among moderate/high active RA, low active RA, RA in remission and healthy subjects, FGL1 had AUC values of approximately 0.9000 and predictive values of 90%. Additionally, FGL1 had a predictive value of 91.46% for moderate/high active RA vs. remission/low active RA and 80.77% for RA in remission vs. low active RA in cohort 4. Importantly, FGL1 levels had no significant difference in OA and AS compared with healthy persons. The concentrations in SLE and pSS were improved, but approximately 3-fold lower than that in active RA in cohort 5. In summary, FGL1 is a novel and specific biomarker that could be clinically useful for predicting progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunke Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengying Ke
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Deshun Kong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuxiang Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youjuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - WenFeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Sun C, Gao W, Liu J, Cheng H, Hao J. FGL1 regulates acquired resistance to Gefitinib by inhibiting apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2020; 21:210. [PMID: 32778129 PMCID: PMC7418324 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the role of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) in regulating gefitinib resistance of PC9/GR non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The effect of different concentrations of gefitinib on cell proliferation were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. FGL1 expression in the normal human bronchial epithelial cell line Beas-2B, as well as four lung tumor cell lines, H1975, A549, PC9, and PC9/GR, was investigated by using western blotting and qRT-PCR. FGL1 was knocked down using small interfering RNA to evaluate the effects of FGL1 on PC9 and PC9/GR. The correlation between FGL1 expression and gefitinib resistance was determined in vitro via CCK-8 and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry and in vivo via flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Results FGL1 expression was significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer cells with EGFR mutation and higher in the gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line PC9/GR than in the gefitinib-sensitive NSCLC cell line PC9. Further, FGL1 expression in PC9 and PC9/GR cells increased in response to gefitinib treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of FGL1 suppressed cell viability, reduced the gefitinib IC50 value, and enhanced apoptosis in PC9 and PC9/GR cells upon gefitinib treatment. Mouse xenograft experiments showed that FGL1 knockdown in PC9/GR tumor cells enhanced the inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing actions of gefitinib. The potential mechanism of gefitinib in inducing apoptosis of PC9/GR cells involves inhibition of PARP1 and caspase 3 expression via suppression of FGL1. Conclusions FGL1 confers gefitinib resistance in the NSCLC cell line PC9/GR by regulating the PARP1/caspase 3 pathway. Hence, FGL1 is a potential therapeutic target to improve the treatment response of NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiqing Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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24
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Role of placental fibrinogen-like protein 1 in gestational diabetes. Transl Res 2020; 218:73-80. [PMID: 32006524 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In view of the increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the increased risks of delivering a macrosomic infant, developing preeclampsia, and suffering a perinatal death due to GDM, GDM has emerged as a growing public health problem. Although the placenta was suggested to play a crucial role in the pathology of GDM, the mechanisms that induce the development of GDM are still obscure. Fibrinogen-like protein (FGL)-1 is a hepatokine that plays an important role in hepatogenesis, as well as in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes. Although FGL-1 is also expressed by the placenta, the pathophysiological role of FGL-1 in GDM is still unknown. In this study, FGL-1 levels were evaluated in 45 subjects with (n = 16) or without (n = 29) GDM. We found that FGL-1 was mainly expressed by placental trophoblasts, and FGL-1 expression was significantly higher in subjects with GDM. FGL-1 increased trophoblast proliferation through an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent pathway. In addition, plasma concentrations of FGL-1 were higher in subjects with GDM, and the increased circulating FGL-1 might contribute to systemic insulin resistance. FGL-1 disrupted the gluconeogenic action of insulin in HepG2 cells, and decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake by L6 myotubes. Taken together, placental FGL-1 possibly plays a role in the impairment of insulin function in the development of GDM, and it might be a novel biomarker for diagnosing GDM.
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25
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Huang RL, Li CH, Du YF, Cheng KP, Lin CH, Hu CY, Wu JS, Chang CJ, Wu HT, Ou HY. Discovery of a role of the novel hepatokine, hepassocin, in obesity. Biofactors 2020; 46:100-105. [PMID: 31587376 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a public health problem that has raised concerns worldwide and is often associated with hepatic steatosis. Hepassocin is a novel hepatokine that causes hepatic steatosis and induces insulin resistance (IR). However, the role of hepassocin in obesity remains obscure. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between hepassocin levels and obesity. In total, 371 subjects who had a normal weight (NW), were overweight, or were obese were enrolled. We found that hepassocin levels in subjects who were overweight (6,705 ± 1,707 pg/ml) or obese (7,335 ± 2,077 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those of subjects with a NW (5,767 ± 1,500 pg/ml) (p < .001, test for trend). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that the body-mass index, waist circumference, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and homeostatic model assessment of IR were independently associated with hepassocin after adjusting for age, sex, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, log triglycerides, alanine transaminase, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate. This study provides evidence that subjects who were overweight or obese had significantly higher hepassocin levels than those with a NW. Hepassocin may be a useful biomarker in managing obesity and its related metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lai Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Li
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ye-Fong Du
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Pi Cheng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yuan Hu
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jin Shang Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tsung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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26
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Wu HT, Chen SC, Fan KC, Kuo CH, Lin SY, Wang SH, Chang CJ, Li HY. Targeting fibrinogen-like protein 1 is a novel therapeutic strategy to combat obesity. FASEB J 2019; 34:2958-2967. [PMID: 31908014 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901925r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like-protein 1 (FGL1) is a novel hepatokine that plays an important role in hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Although FGL1 expression can be detected in adipose tissues, the functions of FGL1 in adipose tissues are still unknown. In this study, 356 participants with (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 ; n = 134) or without obesity (BMI <25 kg/m2 ; n = 222) were recruited, and we found that the plasma FGL1 concentrations were significantly higher in obese group than those of in the normal weight group, and were positively correlated with age, BMI, waist circumference, fat content, plasma glucose at 2 hours during an oral glucose tolerance test, and the insulin sensitivity index. In univariate analyses, BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat areas were positively correlated with FGL1 levels. After adjusting for age and gender, obesity indices, including the BMI and different fat areas, remained significantly associated with FGL1 levels. In order to investigate the causal relationship between FGL1 and obesity, animal and cell models were used. Overexpression of FGL1 in epididymal adipose tissue by lentiviral vector encoding FGL1 increased the fat pad size, whereas FGL1-knockdown by lentiviral vector encoding short-hairpin RNA targeted to FGL1 decreased high-fat diet-induced adiposity. In addition, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used to clarify the possible mechanism of FGL1-induced adipogenesis. FGL1 induced adipogenesis through an ERK1/2-C/EBPβ-dependent pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings highlight the pathophysiological role of FGL1 in obesity, and FGL1 might be a novel therapeutic target to combat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tsung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chi Chen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Xindian, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chih Fan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Heng Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yu Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shi J, Fan J, Su Q, Yang Z. Cytokines and Abnormal Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:703. [PMID: 31736870 PMCID: PMC6833922 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear evidence indicates that cytokines, for instance, adipokines, hepatokines, inflammatory cytokines, myokines, and osteokines, contribute substantially to the development of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. Some cytokines play a positive role in metabolism action, while others have a negative metabolic role linking to the induction of metabolic dysfunction. The mechanisms involved are not fully understood, but are associated with lipid accumulation in organs and tissues, especially in the adipose and liver tissue, changes in energy metabolism, and inflammatory signals derived from various cell types, including immune cells. In this review, we describe the roles of certain cytokines in the regulation of metabolism and inter-organ signaling in regard to the pathophysiological aspects. Given the disease-related changes in circulating levels of relevant cytokines, these factors may serve as biomarkers for the early detection of metabolic disorders. Moreover, based on preclinical studies, certain cytokines that can induce improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism and immune response may emerge as novel targets of broader and more efficacious treatments and prevention of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangao Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Digestion and Nutrition, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Watt MJ, Miotto PM, De Nardo W, Montgomery MK. The Liver as an Endocrine Organ-Linking NAFLD and Insulin Resistance. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1367-1393. [PMID: 31098621 DOI: 10.1210/er.2019-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a dynamic organ that plays critical roles in many physiological processes, including the regulation of systemic glucose and lipid metabolism. Dysfunctional hepatic lipid metabolism is a cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide, and is closely associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Through the use of advanced mass spectrometry "omics" approaches and detailed experimentation in cells, mice, and humans, we now understand that the liver secretes a wide array of proteins, metabolites, and noncoding RNAs (miRNAs) and that many of these secreted factors exert powerful effects on metabolic processes both in the liver and in peripheral tissues. In this review, we summarize the rapidly evolving field of "hepatokine" biology with a particular focus on delineating previously unappreciated communication between the liver and other tissues in the body. We describe the NAFLD-induced changes in secretion of liver proteins, lipids, other metabolites, and miRNAs, and how these molecules alter metabolism in liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreas to induce insulin resistance. We also synthesize the limited information that indicates that extracellular vesicles, and in particular exosomes, may be an important mechanism for intertissue communication in normal physiology and in promoting metabolic dysregulation in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Watt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paula M Miotto
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William De Nardo
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Plasma Fibrinogen-Like 1 as a Potential Biomarker for Radiation-Induced Liver Injury. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091042. [PMID: 31489941 PMCID: PMC6770824 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver damage upon exposure to ionizing radiation, whether accidental or because of therapy can contribute to liver dysfunction. Currently, radiation therapy is used for various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma; however, the treatment dose is limited by poor liver tolerance to radiation. Furthermore, reliable biomarkers to predict liver damage and associated side-effects are unavailable. Here, we investigated fibrinogen-like 1 (FGL1)-expression in the liver and plasma after radiation exposure. We found that 30 Gy of liver irradiation (IR) induced cell death including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, with fibrotic changes in the liver occurring during the acute and subacute phase in mice. Moreover, FGL1 expression pattern in the liver following IR was associated with liver damage represented by injury-related proteins and oxidative stress markers. We confirmed the association between FGL1 expression and hepatocellular injury by exposing human hepatocytes to radiation. To determine its suitability, as a potential biomarker for radiation-induced liver injury, we measured FGL1 in the liver tissue and the plasma of mice following total body irradiation (TBI) or liver IR. In TBI, FGL1 showed the highest elevation in the liver compared to other major internal organs including the heart, lung, kidney, and intestine. Notably, plasma FGL1 showed good correlation with radiation dose by liver IR. Our data revealed that FGL1 upregulation indicates hepatocellular injury in response to IR. These results suggest that plasma FGL1 may represent a potential biomarker for acute and subacute radiation exposure to the liver.
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30
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VEGFR2 activation mediates the pro-angiogenic activity of BMP4. Angiogenesis 2019; 22:521-533. [PMID: 31363885 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) regulates multiple biological processes, including vascular development and angiogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in mediating the angiogenic activity of BMP4. BMP4 induces a rapid relocation and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 on the endothelial cell membrane. These effects occur in the absence of a direct interaction of BMP4 and/or BMP receptors with VEGFR2. At variance, BMP4, by interacting with the BMPRI-II hetero-complex, induces c-Src phosphorylation which, in turn, activates VEGFR2, leading to an angiogenic response. Accordingly, the BMPR inhibitor dorsomorphin prevents c-Src activation and specific inhibition of c-Src significantly reduces downstream VEGFR2 phosphorylation and the angiogenic activity exerted by BMP4 in a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay. Together, our data indicate that the pro-angiogenic activity exerted by BMP4 in endothelial cells is mediated by a BMPR-mediated intracellular transactivation of VEGFR2 via c-Src.
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31
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Ma YC, Li MM, Wu Q, Xu WF, Lin S, Chen ZW, Liu L, Shi L, Sheng Q, Li TT, Zhang Q, Li XH. Hydroxysafflor yellow A sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent by decreasing WSB1 expression. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Liu P, Lee MK, Choi JW, Choi YH, Nam TJ. Crude protein from spirulina increases the viability of CCD‑986sk cells via the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:771-778. [PMID: 30569098 PMCID: PMC6317665 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirulina, an edible blue-green alga, has great potential for various applications in human health, possibly including reduced skin aging. The mechanisms by which spirulina crude protein (SPCP) may influence human skin fibroblast viability are not yet understood; therefore, a human dermal fibroblast cell line (CCD-986sk) was used as a cell model system to study the influence of SPCP on human skin fibroblast viability. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that collagen formation improved in SPCP-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner, while elastase activity was decreased. In addition, western blot analysis showed a dose-dependent decrease in the expression of the aging-associated gene matrix metalloproteinase-8, a collagen-degradative enzyme. It was also shown that SPCP upregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity, leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Together, these results demonstrated that SPCP increases human fibroblast viability by activation of the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway. This contribution sheds light on the molecular mechanism for SPCP increasing the viability of human skin cell and provides a potential efficient cosmeceutical for protecting human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Wook Choi
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Jeong Nam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Zou J, Lei T, Guo P, Yu J, Xu Q, Luo Y, Ke R, Huang D. Mechanisms shaping the role of ERK1/2 in cellular senescence (Review). Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:759-770. [PMID: 30535440 PMCID: PMC6323238 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a result of cellular stress and is a potential mechanism for regulating cancer. As a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) has an important role in delivering extracellular signals to the nucleus, and these signals regulate the cell cycle, cell proliferation and cell development. Previous studies demonstrated that ERK1/2 is closely associated with cell aging; however other previous studies suggested that ERK1/2 exerts an opposite effect on aging models and target proteins, even within the same cell model. Recent studies demonstrated that the effect of ERK1/2 on aging is likely associated with its target proteins and regulators, negative feedback loops, phosphorylated ERK1/2 factors and ERK1/2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The present review aims to examine the mechanism of ERK1/2 and discuss its role in cellular outcomes and novel drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Zou
- Research Institute of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Lei
- Research Institute of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Pei Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518110, P.R. China
| | - Jason Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Qichao Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, The People's Hospital of Xinyu City, Xinyu, Jiangxi 338025, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Luo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Rong Ke
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Deqiang Huang
- Research Institute of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Jin H, Kang GY, Jeon S, Kim JM, Park YN, Cho J, Lee YS. Identification of molecular signatures involved in radiation-induced lung fibrosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 97:37-47. [PMID: 30406363 PMCID: PMC6326977 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In radiotherapy, radiation (IR)-induced lung fibrosis has severe and dose-limiting side effects. To elucidate the molecular effects of IR fibrosis, we examined the fibrosis process in irradiated mouse lung tissues. High focal IR (90 Gy) was exposed to a 3-mm volume of the left lung in C57BL6 mice. In the diffused irradiation, 20 Gy dose delivered with a 7-mm collimator almost covered the entire left lung. Histological examination for lung tissues of both irradiated and neighboring regions was done for 4 weeks after irradiation. Long-term effects (12 months) of 20Gy IR were compared on a diffuse region of the left lung and non-irradiated right lung. Fibrosis was initiated as early as 2 weeks after IR in the irradiated lung region and neighboring region. Upregulation of gtse1 in both 90Gy-irradiated and neighboring regions was observed. Upregulation of fgl1 in both 20Gy diffused irradiated and non-irradiated lungs was identified. When gtse1 or flg1 was knock-downed, TGFβ or IR-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition was inhibited, accompanied with the inhibition of cellular migration, suggesting fibrosis responsible genes. Immunofluorescence analysis using mouse fibrotic lung tissues suggested that fibrotic regions showed increased expressions of Gtse1 and Fgl1, indicating novel molecular signatures of gtse1and fgl1 for IR-induced lung fibrosis. Even though their molecular mechanisms and IR doses or irradiated volumes for lung fibrosis may be different, these genes may be novel targets for understanding IR-induced lung fibrosis and in treatment strategies. KEY MESSAGES: Upregulation of gtse1 by 90Gy focal irradiation and upregulation of fgl1 by 20Gy diffused irradiation are identified in mouse lung fibrosis model. Gtse1 and Fgl1 are involved in radiation or TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Radiation-induced fibrotic regions of mouse lungs showed increased expressions of Gtse1 and Fgl1. Gtse1 and Fgl1 are suggested to be novel targets for radiation-induced lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Ga-Young Kang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Seulgi Jeon
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Jin-Mo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea
| | - You Na Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea.
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Huang Y, Peng Q, Li HY, Jia ZD, Li Y, Gao Y. Novel sericin-based hepatocyte serum-free medium and sericin’s effect on hepatocyte transcriptome. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3398-3413. [PMID: 30122879 PMCID: PMC6092578 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a novel hepatocyte serum-free medium based on sericin, and to explore the effect of sericin on the hepatocyte transcriptome.
METHODS A controlled trial comparing novel serum-free medium and other media: C3A cells were cultured in our novel serum-free medium, HepatoZYME, complete medium (DMEM/F12 with 100 mL/L FBS), and DMEM/F12, and then cell attachment, proliferation, and function as well as the biocompatibility of the media were assessed. A comparative study of serum-free media with or without 2 mg/mL sericin: the effect of sericin on C3A growth was assessed by cell viability and proliferation, the effect of sericin on C3A cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry, and the effect of sericin on the C3A transcriptome was assessed by gene-chip array and RT-qPCR.
RESULTS More C3A cells attached to the plate containing our serum-free medium than to those containing HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 at 24 h post-seeding. Both the viability and proliferation rate of C3A cells in sericin-based serum-free medium were superior to those of cells in HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 (P < 0.001). The content of albumin and urea in our serum-free medium was significantly higher than that in HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 throughout the whole culture period (P < 0.001) and was similar to that in complete medium at day 3, 4, and 5. In part 2, cell viability and proliferation were greater in the presence of 2 mg/mL sericin (P < 0.001), as was the proportion of cells in S phase (16.21% ± 0.98% vs 12.61% ± 0.90%, P < 0.01). Gene-chip array analysis indicated that the expression of CCR6, EGFR, and FOS were up-regulated by 2 mg/mL sericin, and RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of CCR6, EGFR, FOS, AKT1, JNK1, NFkB1, MMP-9, MEK2, ERK1/2 and MYC was up-regulated by 2 mg/mL sericin (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION We developed a novel hepatocyte serum-free medium. Sericin probably enhances cell attachment through the CCR6-Akt-JNK-NF-κB pathway and promotes cell proliferation through CCR6-mediated activation of the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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Jung TW, Chung YH, Kim HC, Abd El-Aty AM, Jeong JH. Hyperlipidemia-induced hepassocin in the liver contributes to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:26-33. [PMID: 29111387 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepassocin (HPS) has recently been identified as a novel hepatokine that causes hepatic steatosis. However, the role of HPS in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle under obesity remains unclear. The effect of hyperlipidemia on hepatic HPS expression was evaluated in primary hepatocytes and liver of mice. HPS-mediated signal pathways were explored using small interfering (si) RNAs of specific genes or inhibitors. We found that treatment of primary hepatocytes with palmitate could induce HPS expression through C/EBPβ-mediated transcriptional activation. Furthermore, increased HPS expression was observed in the liver of high fat diet (HFD)-fed or tunicamycin-treated mice. Pretreatment with 4-phenylbutyrate (4-BPA) (an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor) and suppression of p38 by siRNA abrogated the effect of palmitate on HPS expression in primary hepatocytes. Treatment of differentiated C2C12 cells with recombinant HPS caused c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and impairment of insulin sensitivity in a dose-dependent manner. siRNA-mediated suppression of JNK reduced the effect of HPS on insulin signaling. Furthermore, the suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by siRNA mitigated both HPS-induced JNK phosphorylation and insulin resistance. In addition, HPS did not affect inflammation and ER stress in differentiated C2C12 cells. In conclusion, we elucidated that ER stress induced by palmitate could increase the expression of HPS in hepatocytes and further contribute to the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle via EGFR/JNK-mediated pathway. Taken together, we suggest that HPS could be a therapeutic target for obesity-linked insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Jung
- Research Administration Team, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Long non-coding RNA Gm2199 rescues liver injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation through the upregulation of ERK1/2. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:602. [PMID: 29789577 PMCID: PMC5964236 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0595-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of regulators of various human diseases. This study was designed to explore the potential role of lncRNAs in experimental hepatic damage. In vivo hepatic damage in mice and in vitro hepatocyte damage in AML12 and NCTC1469 cells were induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treatments. Expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed by microarray. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to predict the potential functions of differentially expressed lncRNAs with respect to hepatic damage. Overexpression of lncRNA Gm2199 was achieved by transfection of the pEGFP-N1-Gm2199 plasmid in vitro and adeno-associated virus-Gm2199 in vivo. Cell proliferation and viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assay. Protein and mRNA expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) were detected by western blot and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Microarray analysis identified 190 and 148 significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, respectively. The analyses of lncRNA-mRNA co-expression and lncRNA-biological process networks unraveled potential roles of the differentially expressed lncRNAs including Gm2199 in the pathophysiological processes leading to hepatic damage. Gm2199 was downregulated in both damaged livers and hepatocyte lines. Overexpression of Gm2199 restored the reduced proliferation of damaged hepatocyte lines and increased the expression of ERK1/2. Overexpression of Gm2199 also promoted the proliferation and viability of normal hepatocyte lines and increased the level of p-ERK1/2. Overexpression of Gm2199 in vivo also protected mouse liver injury induced by CCl4, evidenced by more proliferating hepatocytes, less serum alanine aminotransferase, less serum aspartate aminotransferase, and decreased hepatic hydroxyproline. The ability of Gm2199 to maintain hepatic proliferation capacity indicates it as a novel anti-liver damage lncRNA.
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Dai H, Jia G, Wang H, Yang J, Jiang H, Chu M. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation is involved in the induction of human hepatoma SMMC7721 cell proliferation by insufficient radiofrequency ablation. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2463-2467. [PMID: 28789459 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that insufficient radiofrequency ablation (RFA) promotes the malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SMMC7721 cells via the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-induced overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aims of the present study were to address the involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation in the enhanced SMMC7721 cell proliferation induced by insufficient RFA, in addition to its association with the CaMKII/ERK/VEGF signaling cascade. SMMC7721 cells were subjected to a 47°C treatment regimen to simulate insufficient RFA. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT and colony formation assays. The expression levels of VEGF, CaMKII, phosphorylated (phospho)-CaMKII, ERK, phospho-ERK, EGFR and phospho-EGFR were analyzed using western blotting. The results demonstrated that the enhancement of SMMC7721 cell proliferation by the 47°C treatment regimen was significantly inhibited by exposure of the cells to AG178 (a specific inhibitor of EGFR). Furthermore, AG1478 exposure prevented the overexpression of VEGF and phosphorylation of ERK, but had no significant effects on CaMKII phosphorylation. By contrast, 47°C treatment-induced EGFR phosphorylation was inhibited by treatment with KN93 (a specific inhibitor of CaMKII). Overall, the results of the present study have suggested a role for EGFR transactivation in the RFA-promoted growth of residual HCC. Thus, targeting EGFR may represent a useful preventive and therapeutic strategy for RFA-induced HCC progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Guizhi Jia
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Jingming Yang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Chu
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Hou J, Wang X, Zheng H, Xiong W, Yuan J. Combined effect of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate and benzo (a) pyrene on the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from HepG2 cells via the EGFR-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate plus benzo (a) pyrene induced inflammatory response in HepG2 cells through the activation of EGFR-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
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Wu HT, Ou HY, Hung HC, Su YC, Lu FH, Wu JS, Yang YC, Wu CL, Chang CJ. A novel hepatokine, HFREP1, plays a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1732-42. [PMID: 27221093 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Type 2 diabetes is highly correlated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatocyte-derived fibrinogen-related protein 1 (HFREP1) is a hepatokine that mediates NAFLD development; however, the role of HFREP1 in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes remains obscure. METHODS A total of 193 age- and sex-matched participants with normal glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD) were recruited for a cross-sectional study. Plasma HFREP1 levels were measured and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between HFREP1, IFG, IGT and NDD. The causal relationship between HFREP1 and insulin resistance was then investigated in animal and cell models. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests, and euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp, were used to evaluate insulin sensitivity in animals with Hfrep1 overexpression or knockdown in liver by lentiviral vectors. HepG2 cells were used to clarify the possible mechanism of HFREP1-induced insulin resistance. RESULTS Plasma HFREP1 concentrations were significantly increased in participants with IFG, IGT and NDD. HFREP1 concentrations were independently associated with fasting plasma glucose levels, insulin resistance, IFG, IGT and NDD. Injection of recombinant HFREP1 or Hfrep1 overexpression induced insulin resistance in mice, and HFREP1 disrupted insulin signalling to induce insulin resistance through an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent pathway. Moreover, hepatic knockdown of HFREP1 improved insulin resistance in both mice fed a high-fat diet and ob/ob mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings highlight the crucial role of HFREP1 in insulin resistance and diabetes, and provide a potential strategy and biomarker for developing therapeutic approaches to combat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tsung Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chang Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chu Su
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Hwa Lu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shang Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Liang Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jen Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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