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Koziol-White C, Gebski E, Cao G, Panettieri RA. Precision cut lung slices: an integrated ex vivo model for studying lung physiology, pharmacology, disease pathogenesis and drug discovery. Respir Res 2024; 25:231. [PMID: 38824592 PMCID: PMC11144351 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) have emerged as a sophisticated and physiologically relevant ex vivo model for studying the intricacies of lung diseases, including fibrosis, injury, repair, and host defense mechanisms. This innovative methodology presents a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between traditional in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models, offering researchers a more accurate representation of the intricate microenvironment of the lung. PCLS require the precise sectioning of lung tissue to maintain its structural and functional integrity. These thin slices serve as invaluable tools for various research endeavors, particularly in the realm of airway diseases. By providing a controlled microenvironment, precision-cut lung slices empower researchers to dissect and comprehend the multifaceted interactions and responses within lung tissue, thereby advancing our understanding of pulmonary pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Eric Gebski
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Gaoyaun Cao
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Chen F, Zhao W, Du C, Chen Z, Du J, Zhou M. Bleomycin induces senescence and repression of DNA repair via downregulation of Rad51. Mol Med 2024; 30:54. [PMID: 38649802 PMCID: PMC11036784 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00821-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bleomycin, a potent antitumor agent, is limited in clinical use due to the potential for fatal pulmonary toxicity. The accelerated DNA damage and senescence in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is considered a key factor in the development of lung pathology. Understanding the mechanisms for bleomycin-induced lung injury is crucial for mitigating its adverse effects. METHODS Human lung epithelial (A549) cells were exposed to bleomycin and subsequently assessed for cellular senescence, DNA damage, and double-strand break (DSB) repair. The impact of Rad51 overexpression on DSB repair and senescence in AECs was evaluated in vitro. Additionally, bleomycin was intratracheally administered in C57BL/6 mice to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model. RESULTS Bleomycin exposure induced dose- and time-dependent accumulation of senescence hallmarks and DNA lesions in AECs. These effects are probably due to the inhibition of Rad51 expression, consequently suppressing homologous recombination (HR) repair. Mechanistic studies revealed that bleomycin-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Rad51 might primarily result from E2F1 depletion. Furthermore, the genetic supplement of Rad51 substantially mitigated bleomycin-mediated effects on DSB repair and senescence in AECs. Notably, decreased Rad51 expression was also observed in the bleomycin-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model. CONCLUSIONS Our works suggest that the inhibition of Rad51 plays a pivotal role in bleomycin-induced AECs senescence and lung injury, offering potential strategies to alleviate the pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenna Zhao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenghong Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, Guangdong, China.
| | - Meijuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Saxena P, Srivastava J, Rai B, Tripathy NK, Raza S, Sinha RA, Gupta R, Yadav S, Nityanand S, Chaturvedi CP. Elevated senescence in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of acquired aplastic anemia patients: A possible implication of DNA damage responses and telomere attrition. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167025. [PMID: 38237741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) are an integral part of the BM niche that is essential to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. In aplastic anemia (AA), a few studies have reported phenotypic defects in the BM-MSC, such as reduced proliferation, imbalanced differentiation, and apoptosis; however, the alterations at the molecular level need to be better characterized. Therefore, the current study aims to identify the causative factors underlying the compromised functions of AA BM-MSC that might eventually be contributing to the AA pathobiology. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) using the Illumina platform to comprehend the distinction between the transcriptional landscape of AA and control BM-MSC. Further, we validated the alterations observed in senescence by Senescence- associated beta-galactosidase (SA -β-gal) assay, DNA damage by γH2AX staining, and telomere attrition by relative telomere length assessment and telomerase activity assay. We used qRT-PCR to analyze changes in some of the genes associated with these molecular mechanisms. RESULTS The transcriptome profiling revealed enrichment of senescence-associated genes and pathways in AA BM-MSC. The senescent phenotype of AA BM-MSC was accompanied by enhanced SA -β-gal activity and elevated expression of senescence associated genes TP53, PARP1, and CDKN1A. Further, we observed increased γH2AX foci indicating DNA damage, reduced telomere length, and diminished telomerase activity in the AA BM-MSC. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that AA BM-MSC have a senescent phenotype accompanied by other cellular defects like DNA damage and telomere attrition, which are most likely driving the senescent phenotype of AA BM-MSC thus hampering their hematopoiesis supporting properties as observed in AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Saxena
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Jyotika Srivastava
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Rai
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Tripathy
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Sana Raza
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Sanjeev Yadav
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Soniya Nityanand
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India.
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Zhou H, Zhang Q, Liu C, Fan J, Huang W, Li N, Yang M, Wang H, Xie W, Kong H. NLRP3 inflammasome mediates abnormal epithelial regeneration and distal lung remodeling in silica‑induced lung fibrosis. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:25. [PMID: 38240085 PMCID: PMC10836498 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely related to silica particle‑induced chronic lung inflammation but its role in epithelial remodeling, repair and regeneration in the distal lung during development of silicosis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome on epithelial remodeling and cellular regeneration and potential mechanisms in the distal lung of silica‑treated mice at three time points. Pulmonary function assessment, inflammatory cell counting, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, histological and immunological analyses, hydroxyproline assay and western blotting were used in the study. Single intratracheal instillation of a silica suspension caused sustained NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the distal lung. Moreover, a time‑dependent increase in airway resistance and a decrease in lung compliance accompanied progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In the terminal bronchiole, lung remodeling including pyroptosis (membrane‑distributed GSDMD+), excessive proliferation (Ki67+), mucus overproduction (mucin 5 subtype AC and B) and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (decreased E‑Cadherin+ and increased Vimentin+), was observed by immunofluorescence analysis. Notably, aberrant spatiotemporal expression of the embryonic lung stem/progenitor cell markers SOX2 and SOX9 and ectopic distribution of bronchioalveolar stem cells were observed in the distal lung only on the 7th day after silica instillation (the early inflammatory phase of silicosis). Western blotting revealed that the Sonic hedgehog/Glioma‑associated oncogene (Shh/Gli) and Wnt/β‑catenin pathways were involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation‑mediated epithelial remodeling and dysregulated regeneration during the inflammatory and fibrotic phases. Overall, sustained NLRP3 inflammasome activation led to epithelial remodeling in the distal lung of mice. Moreover, understanding the spatiotemporal profile of dysregulated epithelial repair and regeneration may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for inhalable particle‑related chronic inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Fan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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D’Agnano V, Mariniello DF, Ruotolo M, Quarcio G, Moriello A, Conte S, Sorrentino A, Sanduzzi Zamparelli S, Bianco A, Perrotta F. Targeting Progression in Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms, Molecular Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Intervention. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:229. [PMID: 38398739 PMCID: PMC10890660 DOI: 10.3390/life14020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases comprise a heterogenous range of diffuse lung disorders, potentially resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. While idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been recognized as the paradigm of a progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease, other conditions with a progressive fibrosing phenotype characterized by a significant deterioration of the lung function may lead to a burden of significant symptoms, a reduced quality of life, and increased mortality, despite treatment. There is now evidence indicating that some common underlying biological mechanisms can be shared among different chronic fibrosing disorders; therefore, different biomarkers for disease-activity monitoring and prognostic assessment are under evaluation. Thus, understanding the common pathways that induce the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, comprehending the diversity of these diseases, and identifying new molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets remain highly crucial assignments. The purpose of this review is to examine the main pathological mechanisms regulating the progression of fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases and to provide an overview of potential biomarker and therapeutic options for patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito D’Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Domenica Francesca Mariniello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Michela Ruotolo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Gianluca Quarcio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Moriello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefano Conte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Sorrentino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (D.F.M.); (M.R.); (G.Q.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
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Bramey N, Melo-Narvaez MC, See F, Ballester-Lllobell B, Steinchen C, Jain E, Hafner K, Yildirim AÖ, Königshoff M, Lehmann M. Stimuli-specific senescence of primary human lung fibroblasts modulates alveolar stem cell function. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3879423. [PMID: 38352619 PMCID: PMC10862971 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3879423/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for chronic lung diseases (CLDs) including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accordingly, hallmarks of aging such as cellular senescence are present in different lung cell types such as fibroblasts in these patients. However, whether the senescent phenotype of fibroblasts derived from IPF or COPD patients differs is still unknown. Therefore, we characterized senescence at baseline and after exposure to disease-relevant insults (H 2 O 2 , bleomycin, and TGF-β1) in cultured primary human lung fibroblasts (phLF) from control donors, IPF, or COPD patients. We found that phLF from different disease-origins have a low baseline senescence. H 2 O 2 and bleomycin treatment induced a senescent phenotype in phLF, whereas TGF-β1 had primarily a pro-fibrotic effect. Notably, we did not observe any differences in susceptibility to senescence induction in phLF based on disease origin, while exposure to different stimuli resulted in distinct senescence programs in phLF. Moreover, senescent phLF reduced colony formation efficiency of distal alveolar epithelial progenitor cells in a stimuli-dependent manner. In conclusion, the senescent phenotype of phLF is mainly determined by the senescence inducer and impairs alveolar epithelial progenitor capacity in vitro .
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Wan R, Wang L, Zhu M, Li W, Duan Y, Yu G. Cellular Senescence: A Troy Horse in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16410. [PMID: 38003600 PMCID: PMC10671822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by myofibroblast abnormal activation and extracellular matrix deposition. However, the pathogenesis of PF remains unclear, and treatment options are limited. Epidemiological studies have shown that the average age of PF patients is estimated to be over 65 years, and the incidence of the disease increases with age. Therefore, PF is considered an age-related disease. A preliminary study on PF patients demonstrated that the combination therapy of the anti-senescence drugs dasatinib and quercetin improved physical functional indicators. Given the global aging population and the role of cellular senescence in tissue and organ aging, understanding the impact of cellular senescence on PF is of growing interest. This article systematically summarizes the causes and signaling pathways of cellular senescence in PF. It also objectively analyzes the impact of senescence in AECs and fibroblasts on PF development. Furthermore, potential intervention methods targeting cellular senescence in PF treatment are discussed. This review not only provides a strong theoretical foundation for understanding and manipulating cellular senescence, developing new therapies to improve age-related diseases, and extending a healthy lifespan but also offers hope for reversing the toxicity caused by the massive accumulation of senescence cells in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyan Wan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yudi Duan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoying Yu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (R.W.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.D.)
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Sui J, Boatz JC, Shi J, Hu Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Königshoff M, Kliment CR. Loss of ANT1 Increases Fibrosis and Epithelial Cell Senescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:556-569. [PMID: 37487137 PMCID: PMC10633847 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0315oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive lung scarring and remodeling. Although treatments exist that slow disease progression, IPF is irreversible, and there is no cure. Cellular senescence, a major hallmark of aging, has been implicated in IPF pathogenesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a driver of senescence. Adenine nucleotide translocases (ANTs) are abundant mitochondrial ATP-ADP transporters critical for regulating cell fate and maintaining mitochondrial function. We sought to determine how alterations in ANTs influence cellular senescence in pulmonary fibrosis. We found that SLC25A4 (solute carrier family 25 member 4) (ANT1) and SLC25A5 (ANT2) expression is reduced in the lungs of patients with IPF, particularly within alveolar type II (AT2) cells, by single-cell RNA sequencing and tissue staining. Loss of ANT1 by siRNA in lung epithelial cells resulted in increased senescence markers such as β-galactosidase and p21, with a reduction in the ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Bleomycin-treated ANT1 knockdown cells also had increased senescence markers compared with bleomycin-treated control cells. Loss of ANT1 in AT2 cells resulted in a reduction in alveolar organoid growth, with an increase in p21 by staining. Global loss of ANT1 resulted in worse lung fibrosis and increased senescence in the bleomycin- and asbestos-induced mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. In summary, loss of ANT1 contributes to IPF pathogenesis through mitochondrial dysfunction, increased senescence, and decreased regenerative capacity of AT2 cells, resulting in enhanced lung fibrosis. Modulation of ANTs presents a new therapeutic avenue that may alter cellular senescence pathways and limit pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Sui
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer C Boatz
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jian Shi
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Qianjiang Hu
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Corrine R Kliment
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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9
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Kapellos TS, Conlon TM, Yildirim AÖ, Lehmann M. The impact of the immune system on lung injury and regeneration in COPD. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2300589. [PMID: 37652569 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00589-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
COPD is a devastating respiratory condition that manifests via persistent inflammation, emphysema development and small airway remodelling. Lung regeneration is defined as the ability of the lung to repair itself after injury by the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cell populations, and becomes impaired in the COPD lung as a consequence of cell intrinsic epithelial stem cell defects and signals from the micro-environment. Although the loss of structural integrity and lung regenerative capacity are critical for disease progression, our understanding of the cellular players and molecular pathways that hamper regeneration in COPD remains limited. Intriguingly, despite being a key driver of COPD pathogenesis, the role of the immune system in regulating lung regenerative mechanisms is understudied. In this review, we summarise recent evidence on the contribution of immune cells to lung injury and regeneration. We focus on four main axes: 1) the mechanisms via which myeloid cells cause alveolar degradation; 2) the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures and the production of autoreactive antibodies; 3) the consequences of inefficient apoptotic cell removal; and 4) the effects of innate and adaptive immune cell signalling on alveolar epithelial proliferation and differentiation. We finally provide insight on how recent technological advances in omics technologies and human ex vivo lung models can delineate immune cell-epithelium cross-talk and expedite precision pro-regenerative approaches toward reprogramming the alveolar immune niche to treat COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore S Kapellos
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas M Conlon
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pneumology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Lung Research, Philipps University of Marburg, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
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10
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Mebratu YA, Soni S, Rosas L, Rojas M, Horowitz JC, Nho R. The aged extracellular matrix and the profibrotic role of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C565-C579. [PMID: 37486065 PMCID: PMC10511170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00124.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible and fatal lung disease that is primarily found in the elderly population, and several studies have demonstrated that aging is the major risk factor for IPF. IPF is characterized by the presence of apoptosis-resistant, senescent fibroblasts that generate an excessively stiff extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM profoundly affects cellular functions and tissue homeostasis, and an aberrant ECM is closely associated with the development of lung fibrosis. Aging progressively alters ECM components and is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells that promote age-related tissue dysfunction through the expression of factors linked to a senescence-associated secretary phenotype (SASP). There is growing evidence that SASP factors affect various cell behaviors and influence ECM turnover in lung tissue through autocrine and/or paracrine signaling mechanisms. Since life expectancy is increasing worldwide, it is important to elucidate how aging affects ECM dynamics and turnover via SASP and thereby promotes lung fibrosis. In this review, we will focus on the molecular properties of SASP and its regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, the pathophysiological process of ECM remodeling by SASP factors and the influence of an altered ECM from aged lungs on the development of lung fibrosis will be highlighted. Finally, recent attempts to target ECM alteration and senescent cells to modulate fibrosis will be introduced.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aging is the most prominent nonmodifiable risk factor for various human diseases including Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Aging progressively alters extracellular matrix components and is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells that promote age-related tissue dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the pathological impact of aging and senescence on lung fibrosis via senescence-associated secretary phenotype factors and potential therapeutic approaches to limit the progression of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes A Mebratu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Sourabh Soni
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Lorena Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Richard Nho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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11
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Li Y, Fan J, Zhu W, Niu Y, Wu M, Zhang A. Therapeutic Potential Targeting Podocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 9:254-264. [PMID: 37900001 PMCID: PMC10601935 DOI: 10.1159/000530344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Podocytes are essential components of the glomerular filtration barrier and essential for the proper filtration function of the glomerulus. Podocyte injury under various stress conditions is the primary pathogenesis and key determinant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) with prominent clinical manifestations of proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. Summary Under physiological conditions, a highly coordinated mitochondrial quality control system, including antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, and mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis, guarantees the sophisticated structure and various functions of podocytes. However, under FSGS pathological conditions, mitochondria encounter oxidative stress, dynamics disturbances, and defective mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, mutations in mitochondrial DNA and mitochondria-related genes are also strongly associated with FSGS. Based on these pieces of evidence, bioactive agents that function to relieve mitochondrial oxidative stress and promote mitochondrial biogenesis have been proven effective in preclinical FSGS models. Targeting the mitochondrial network is expected to provide new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FSGS and delay its progression to end-stage renal disease. Key Messages Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in podocyte injury and FSGS progression. This review summarized recent advances in the study of mitochondrial homeostatic imbalance and dysfunction in FSGS and discussed the potential of mitochondria-targeted therapeutics in improving FSGS and retarding its progression to end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Fan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenping Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Niu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Wu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Parimon T, Chen P, Stripp BR, Liang J, Jiang D, Noble PW, Parks WC, Yao C. Senescence of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells: a critical driver of lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C483-C495. [PMID: 37458437 PMCID: PMC10511168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00239.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis comprises a range of chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that impose a significant burden on patients and public health. Among these, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease of aging, is the most common and most severe form of ILD and is treated largely by lung transplantation. The lack of effective treatments to stop or reverse lung fibrosis-in fact, fibrosis in most organs-has sparked the need to understand causative mechanisms with the goal of identifying critical points for potential therapeutic intervention. Findings from many groups have indicated that repeated injury to the alveolar epithelium-where gas exchange occurs-leads to stem cell exhaustion and impaired alveolar repair that, in turn, triggers the onset and progression of fibrosis. Cellular senescence of alveolar epithelial progenitors is a critical cause of stemness failure. Hence, senescence impairs repair and thus contributes significantly to fibrosis. In this review, we discuss recent evidence indicating that senescence of epithelial progenitor cells impairs alveolar homeostasis and repair creating a profibrotic environment. Moreover, we discuss the impact of senescent alveolar epithelial progenitors, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, and AT2-derived transitional epithelial cells in fibrosis. Emerging evidence indicates that transitional epithelial cells are prone to senescence and, hence, are a new player involved in senescence-associated lung fibrosis. Understanding the complex interplay of cell types and cellular regulatory factors contributing to alveolar epithelial progenitor senescence will be crucial to developing targeted therapies to mitigate their downstream profibrotic sequelae and to promote normal alveolar repair.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With an aging population, lung fibrotic diseases are becoming a global health burden. Dysfunctional repair of the alveolar epithelium is a key causative process that initiates lung fibrosis. Normal alveolar regeneration relies on functional progenitor cells; however, the senescence of these cells, which increases with age, hinders their ability to contribute to repair. Here, we discuss studies on the control and consequence of progenitor cell senescence in fibrosis and opportunities for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Parimon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Peter Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jiurong Liang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - William C Parks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Changfu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
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13
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Chen Y, He Z, Zhao B, Zheng R. Downregulation of a potential therapeutic target NPAS2, regulated by p53, alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via suppressing HES1. Cell Signal 2023:110795. [PMID: 37406788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease and a severe form of pulmonary fibrosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells is induced in response to epithelial injury, which leads to the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lung parenchyma and contributes to pulmonary fibrosis. NPAS2 (neuronal PAS domain protein 2) is significantly increased in the lung tissues of IPF patients according to microarray dataset GSE10667 and NPAS2 is downregulated in differentiated human pulmonary type 2 epithelial cells in vitro based on microarray dataset GSE3306 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In this study, we demonstrated that NPAS2 was increased in bleomycin (BLM)- induced fibrotic lungs in mice. Knockdown of NPAS2 inhibited EMT in primary mouse lung alveolar type 2 epithelial (pmATII) cells and human lung alveolar type 2 epithelial cell line A549 cells under BLM challenge in vitro. Moreover, the silence of NPAS2 alleviated the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model. Mechanistically, NPAS2 promotes EMT through positively regulating hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1) expression. In this study, we present novel findings that have not been previously reported, emphasizing that p53 transcriptionally activates NPAS2 in ATII cells and overexpression of NPAS2 weakens the effects of TP53 knockdown on EMT of pmATII and A549 cells. Our results suggest NPAS2 is a novel target gene of p53 in regulating BLM-mediated EMT in ATII cells and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhong He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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14
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Delval L, Hantute-Ghesquier A, Sencio V, Flaman JM, Robil C, Angulo FS, Lipskaia L, Çobanoğlu O, Lacoste AS, Machelart A, Danneels A, Corbin M, Deruyter L, Heumel S, Idziorek T, Séron K, Sauve F, Bongiovanni A, Prévot V, Wolowczuk I, Belouzard S, Saliou JM, Gosset P, Bernard D, Rouillé Y, Adnot S, Duterque-Coquillaud M, Trottein F. Removal of senescent cells reduces the viral load and attenuates pulmonary and systemic inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected, aged hamsters. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:829-845. [PMID: 37414987 PMCID: PMC10353934 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00442-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Older age is one of the strongest risk factors for severe COVID-19. In this study, we determined whether age-associated cellular senescence contributes to the severity of experimental COVID-19. Aged golden hamsters accumulate senescent cells in the lungs, and the senolytic drug ABT-263, a BCL-2 inhibitor, depletes these cells at baseline and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relative to young hamsters, aged hamsters had a greater viral load during the acute phase of infection and displayed higher levels of sequelae during the post-acute phase. Early treatment with ABT-263 lowered pulmonary viral load in aged (but not young) animals, an effect associated with lower expression of ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ABT-263 treatment also led to lower pulmonary and systemic levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and to amelioration of early and late lung disease. These data demonstrate the causative role of age-associated pre-existing senescent cells on COVID-19 severity and have clear clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Delval
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aline Hantute-Ghesquier
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean Michel Flaman
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabiola Silva Angulo
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Larissa Lipskaia
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Ozmen Çobanoğlu
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lacoste
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Machelart
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Adeline Danneels
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathieu Corbin
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Heumel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Idziorek
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florent Sauve
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Bernard
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Serge Adnot
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Martine Duterque-Coquillaud
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France.
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15
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Heydemann L, Ciurkiewicz M, Beythien G, Becker K, Schughart K, Stanelle-Bertram S, Schaumburg B, Mounogou-Kouassi N, Beck S, Zickler M, Kühnel M, Gabriel G, Beineke A, Baumgärtner W, Armando F. Hamster model for post-COVID-19 alveolar regeneration offers an opportunity to understand post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3267. [PMID: 37277327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39049-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 survivors often suffer from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Current evidence suggests dysregulated alveolar regeneration as a possible explanation for respiratory PASC, which deserves further investigation in a suitable animal model. This study investigates morphological, phenotypical and transcriptomic features of alveolar regeneration in SARS-CoV-2 infected Syrian golden hamsters. We demonstrate that CK8+ alveolar differentiation intermediate (ADI) cells occur following SARS-CoV-2-induced diffuse alveolar damage. A subset of ADI cells shows nuclear accumulation of TP53 at 6- and 14-days post infection (dpi), indicating a prolonged arrest in the ADI state. Transcriptome data show high module scores for pathways involved in cell senescence, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis in cell clusters with high ADI gene expression. Moreover, we show that multipotent CK14+ airway basal cell progenitors migrate out of terminal bronchioles, aiding alveolar regeneration. At 14 dpi, ADI cells, peribronchiolar proliferates, M2-macrophages, and sub-pleural fibrosis are observed, indicating incomplete alveolar restoration. The results demonstrate that the hamster model reliably phenocopies indicators of a dysregulated alveolar regeneration of COVID-19 patients. The results provide important information on a translational COVID-19 model, which is crucial for its application in future research addressing pathomechanisms of PASC and in testing of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heydemann
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Ciurkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georg Beythien
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Institute of Virology Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Berfin Schaumburg
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Mounogou-Kouassi
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zickler
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Federico Armando
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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16
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Wang X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Bramasole L, Guo K, Mourtada F, Meul T, Hu Q, Viteri V, Kammerl I, Konigshoff M, Lehmann M, Magg T, Hauck F, Fernandez IE, Meiners S. DNA sensing via the cGAS/STING pathway activates the immunoproteasome and adaptive T-cell immunity. EMBO J 2023; 42:e110597. [PMID: 36912165 PMCID: PMC10106989 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunoproteasome is a specialized type of proteasome involved in MHC class I antigen presentation, antiviral adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, and is also part of a broader response to stress. Whether the immunoproteasome is regulated by DNA stress, however, is not known. We here demonstrate that mitochondrial DNA stress upregulates the immunoproteasome and MHC class I antigen presentation pathway via cGAS/STING/type I interferon signaling resulting in cell autonomous activation of CD8+ T cells. The cGAS/STING-induced adaptive immune response is also observed in response to genomic DNA and is conserved in epithelial and mesenchymal cells of mice and men. In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic activation of the cGAS/STING-induced adaptive immune response in aberrant lung epithelial cells concurs with CD8+ T-cell activation in diseased lungs. Genetic depletion of the immunoproteasome and specific immunoproteasome inhibitors counteract DNA stress induced cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell activation. Our data thus unravel cytoplasmic DNA sensing via the cGAS/STING pathway as an activator of the immunoproteasome and CD8+ T cells. This represents a novel potential pathomechanism for pulmonary fibrosis that opens new therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Wang
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huabin Zhang
- Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital and Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laylan Bramasole
- Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Guo
- Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fatima Mourtada
- Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Meul
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Qianjiang Hu
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Valeria Viteri
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ilona Kammerl
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Konigshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Magg
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isis E Fernandez
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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17
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Liu D, Xu C, Jiang L, Zhu X. Pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell subpopulation: Physiology, pathogenesis, and progress. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:38-51. [PMID: 36789358 PMCID: PMC9924023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lungs are structurally and functionally complex organs consisting of diverse cell types from the proximal to distal axis. They have direct contact with the external environment and are constantly at risk of various injuries. Capable to proliferate and differentiate, pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cells contribute to the maintenance of lung structure and function both under homeostasis and following injuries. Discovering candidate pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell types and underlying regenerative mechanisms provide insights into therapeutic strategy development for lung diseases. In this review, we reveal their compositions, roles in lung disease pathogenesis and injury repair, and the underlying mechanisms. We further underline the advanced progress in research approach and potential therapy for lung regeneration. We also demonstrate the feasibility and prospects of pulmonary endogenous stem cell transplantation for lung disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chufan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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18
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Tu M, Wei T, Jia Y, Wang Y, Wu J. Molecular mechanisms of alveolar epithelial cell senescence and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:186-203. [PMID: 36794134 PMCID: PMC9922607 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology. An increasing number of studies have reported that the incidence of IPF increases with age. Simultaneously, the number of senescent cells increased in IPF. Epithelial cell senescence, an important component of epithelial cell dysfunction, plays a key role in IPF pathogenesis. This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence and recent advances in the applications of drugs targeting pulmonary epithelial cell senescence to explore novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods All literature published in English on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were electronically searched online using the following keyword combinations: aging, alveolar epithelial cell, cell senescence, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, WNT/β-catenin, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Key Content and Findings We focused on signaling pathways associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence in IPF, including WNT/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and mTOR signaling pathways. Some of these signaling pathways are involved in alveolar epithelial cell senescence by affecting cell cycle arrest and secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype-associated markers. We also found that changes in lipid metabolism in alveolar epithelial cells can be induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, both of which contribute to cellular senescence and development of IPF. Conclusions Decreasing senescent alveolar epithelial cells may be a promising strategy for the treatment of IPF. Therefore, further investigations into new treatments of IPF by applying inhibitors of relevant signaling pathways, as well as senolytic drugs, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yufang Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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19
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Guan G, Cannon RD, Coates DE, Mei L. Effect of the Rho-Kinase/ROCK Signaling Pathway on Cytoskeleton Components. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:272. [PMID: 36833199 PMCID: PMC9957420 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of cells are important in tissue homeostasis and enable cell growth, division, migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanical properties are determined to a large extent by the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is a complex and dynamic network composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. These cellular structures confer both cell shape and mechanical properties. The architecture of the networks formed by the cytoskeleton is regulated by several pathways, a key one being the Rho-kinase/ROCK signaling pathway. This review describes the role of ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase) and how it mediates effects on the key components of the cytoskeleton that are critical for cell behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Guan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Richard D. Cannon
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Dawn E. Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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20
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Yan S, Li M, Liu B, Ma Z, Yang Q. Neutrophil extracellular traps and pulmonary fibrosis: an update. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:2. [PMID: 36658568 PMCID: PMC9851107 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a serious and often fatal illness that occurs in various clinical settings and represents a significant unmet medical need. Increasing evidence indicates that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute significantly to the progression of PF. Therefore, understanding the pathways by which NETs contribute to the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments. This review focuses on the formation of NETs and the common mechanisms of NETs in PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Yan
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Meiqi Li
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Baocheng Liu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Zhenzhen Ma
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Qingrui Yang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
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21
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Sutton NR, Malhotra R, Hilaire C, Aikawa E, Blumenthal RS, Gackenbach G, Goyal P, Johnson A, Nigwekar SU, Shanahan CM, Towler DA, Wolford BN, Chen Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Vascular Health: Insights From Vascular Aging and Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:15-29. [PMID: 36412195 PMCID: PMC9793888 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide, especially beyond the age of 65 years, with the vast majority of morbidity and mortality due to myocardial infarction and stroke. Vascular pathology stems from a combination of genetic risk, environmental factors, and the biologic changes associated with aging. The pathogenesis underlying the development of vascular aging, and vascular calcification with aging, in particular, is still not fully understood. Accumulating data suggests that genetic risk, likely compounded by epigenetic modifications, environmental factors, including diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and the plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells to acquire an osteogenic phenotype are major determinants of age-associated vascular calcification. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic and modifiable risk factors in regulating age-associated vascular pathology may inspire strategies to promote healthy vascular aging. This article summarizes current knowledge of concepts and mechanisms of age-associated vascular disease, with an emphasis on vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia R. Sutton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Cynthia Hilaire
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 1744 BSTWR, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260 USA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Roger S. Blumenthal
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease; Baltimore, MD
| | - Grace Gackenbach
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Parag Goyal
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Adam Johnson
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sagar U. Nigwekar
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Catherine M. Shanahan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Dwight A. Towler
- Department of Medicine | Endocrine Division and Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Brooke N. Wolford
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Research Department, Veterans Affairs Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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22
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Zhou S, Zhu J, Zhou PK, Gu Y. Alveolar type 2 epithelial cell senescence and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:999600. [PMID: 36407111 PMCID: PMC9666897 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.999600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic and progressive respiratory tract disease characterized by collagen deposition. The pathogenesis of RIPF is still unclear. Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AT2), the essential cells that maintain the structure and function of lung tissue, are crucial for developing pulmonary fibrosis. Recent studies indicate the critical role of AT2 cell senescence during the onset and progression of RIPF. In addition, clearance of senescent AT2 cells and treatment with senolytic drugs efficiently improve lung function and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis symptoms. These findings indicate that AT2 cell senescence has the potential to contribute significantly to the innovative treatment of fibrotic lung disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge from basic and clinical research about the mechanism and functions of AT2 cell senescence in RIPF and points to the prospects for clinical treatment by targeting senescent AT2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Zhou
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongqing Gu, ; Ping-Kun Zhou,
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongqing Gu, ; Ping-Kun Zhou,
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23
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Cui H, Xie N, Banerjee S, Dey T, Liu RM, Antony VB, Sanders YY, Adams TS, Gomez JL, Thannickal VJ, Kaminski N, Liu G. CD38 Mediates Lung Fibrosis by Promoting Alveolar Epithelial Cell Aging. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:459-475. [PMID: 35687485 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202109-2151oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: A prevailing paradigm recognizes idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) originating from various alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injuries, and there is a growing appreciation of AEC aging as a key driver of the pathogenesis. Despite this progress, it is incompletely understood what main factor(s) contribute to the worsened alveolar epithelial aging in lung fibrosis. It remains a challenge how to dampen AEC aging and thereby mitigate the disease progression. Objectives: To determine the role of AEC CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38) in promoting cellular aging and lung fibrosis. Methods: We used single-cell RNA sequencing, real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Measurements and Main Results: We discovered a pivotal role of CD38, a cardinal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) hydrolase, in AEC aging and its promotion of lung fibrosis. We found increased CD38 expression in IPF lungs that inversely correlated with the lung functions of patients. CD38 was primarily located in the AECs of human lung parenchyma and was markedly induced in IPF AECs. Similarly, CD38 expression was elevated in the AECs of fibrotic lungs of young mice and further augmented in those of old mice, which was in accordance with a worsened AEC aging phenotype and an aggravated lung fibrosis in the old animals. Mechanistically, we found that CD38 elevation downregulated intracellular NAD, which likely led to the aging promoting impairment of the NAD-dependent cellular and molecular activities. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genetic and pharmacological inactivation of CD38 improved these NAD dependent events and ameliorated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Conclusions: Our study suggests targeting alveolar CD38 as a novel and effective therapeutic strategy to treat this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachun Cui
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Na Xie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sami Banerjee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Tapan Dey
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rui-Ming Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Veena B Antony
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yan Y Sanders
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Taylor S Adams
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Gang Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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24
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Cellular senescence in neuroinflammatory disease: new therapies for old cells? Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:850-863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Black Ginseng Ameliorates Cellular Senescence via p53-p21/p16 Pathway in Aged Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081108. [PMID: 35892965 PMCID: PMC9331701 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The goal of this study was to examine if BG impacts the aging process, specifically cellular senescence, using in vitro and aged mouse models. Primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and aged mice (18 months old) showed that BG supplementation retarded cellular senescence. Of note, BG-supplemented aged mice had remarkedly altered hepatic genes involved in the aging process as it caused less activation of the canonical senescence pathway. These observations demonstrated that BG positively impacts the age-related phenotype by controlling the expression of cellular senescence in the liver and other metabolic organs such as skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. Abstract Cellular senescence, one of the hallmarks of aging, refers to permanent cell cycle arrest and is accelerated during the aging process. Black ginseng (BG), prepared by a repeated steaming and drying process nine times from fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), is garnering attention for herbal medicine due to its physiological benefits against reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation, and oncogenesis, which are common cues to induce aging. However, which key nodules in the cellular senescence process are regulated by BG supplementation has not been elucidated yet. In this study, we investigated the effects of BG on cellular senescence using in vitro and aged mouse models. BG-treated primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) in which senescence was triggered by ionizing radiation (IR) expressed less senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal)-positive stained cells. In our aged mice (18 months old) study, BG supplementation (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks altered hepatic genes involved in the aging process. Furthermore, we found BG supplementation downregulated age-related inflammatory genes, especially in the complement system. Based on this observation, we demonstrated that BG supplementation led to less activation of the canonical senescence pathway, p53-dependent p21 and p16, in multiple metabolic organs such as liver, skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. Thus, we suggest that BG is a potential senolytic candidate that retards cellular senescence.
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26
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Shen J, Li Y, Jiao Y, Wang J, Hou X, Su Y, Liu B, Liu H, Sun Z, Xi Q, Fu Z. Wnt 3a Protects Myocardial Injury in Elderly Acute Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting Serum Cystatin C/ROS-Induced Mitochondrial Damage. Front Physiol 2022; 13:950960. [PMID: 35936906 PMCID: PMC9355253 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.950960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging represents an independent risk factor affecting the poor prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This present research aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of myocardial injury in elderly AMI by animals and cells experiment. Our previous clinical study found the serum Cystatin C (Cys-C) increased in the elderly AMI population, while the mechanism underlying high Cys-C induced myocardial injury of AMI remains unclear. In the in-vitro study, we confirmed that Wnt/β-catenin could significantly reduce the expression of cytoplasmic Cys-C through transnuclear action, and highly attenuate the occurrence of mitochondrial oxidative stress injury induced via Cys-C/reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, the addition of exogenous Wnt3a and inhibition of Cys-C expression could effectively inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress injury and relieve the acute myocardial hypoxia injury. These results indicate that Cys-C exerted damaging effects on the hypoxic aging cardiomyocyte through the ROS/mitochondrial signaling pathway. Inhibition of this pathway effectively reduced the apoptosis of aging cardiomyocytes. In the in-vivo study, we also explored the function of the Wnt/Cys-C pathway on the ischemic infarction heart. We confirmed that Wnt/β-catenin served as the upstream protective protein of this pathway, and the promotion of this pathway improved the cardiac structure and function of the elderly AMI mice effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Outpatient Department of Tongzhou Retired Cadres Rest Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Jihang Wang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Hou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Su
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Henan Liu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xi
- The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Xi, ; Zhenhong Fu,
| | - Zhenhong Fu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Xi, ; Zhenhong Fu,
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27
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Allen NC, Reyes NS, Lee JY, Peng T. Intersection of Inflammation and Senescence in the Aging Lung Stem Cell Niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:932723. [PMID: 35912114 PMCID: PMC9325971 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.932723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the final stage of development with stereotyped changes in tissue morphology. These age-related changes are risk factors for a multitude of chronic lung diseases, transcending the diverse pathogenic mechanisms that have been studied in disease-specific contexts. Two of the hallmarks of aging include inflammation and cellular senescence, which have been attributed as drivers of age-related organ decline. While these two age-related processes are often studied independently in the same tissue, there appears to be a reciprocal relationship between inflammation and senescence, which remodels the aging tissue architecture to increase susceptibility to chronic diseases. This review will attempt to address the “chicken or the egg” question as to whether senescence drives inflammation in the aging lung, or vice versa, and whether the causality of this relationship has therapeutic implications for age-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C. Allen
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nabora S. Reyes
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tien Peng
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Tien Peng,
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28
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Zhu D, Wang Z, Zhang G, Ma C, Qiu X, Wang Y, Liu M, Guo X, Chen H, Deng Q, Kang X. Periostin promotes nucleus pulposus cells apoptosis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22369. [PMID: 35747912 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200123r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is closely linked to degenerative spinal disease, resulting in disability, poor quality of life, and financial burden. Apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells (NPCs) is a key pathological basis of IVDD. Periostin (POSTN), an extracellular matrix protein, is expressed in many tissues, whereas its abnormal expression is associated with IVDD. The conventional Wnt/β-catenin pathway is also involved in IVDD and contributes to NPCs apoptosis. However, research on the mechanisms of POSTN in IVDD is lacking. This study investigated the relationship between POSTN and β-catenin expression in degenerated IVDs. We detected the expression of POSTN, β-catenin, and cleaved-caspase-3 (C-caspase3) in degenerated and non-degenerated IVD tissues of different grades (n = 8) using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemical staining, and western blotting analysis. Next, we explored the effects of recombinant periostin (rPOSTN) and isoquercitrin (Iso), an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, on NPCs apoptosis. Finally, we inhibited the expression of POSTN in degenerated NPCs in vivo and investigated the anti-apoptotic effect. The expression of β-catenin, POSTN, and C-caspase3 in severe degenerative IVDs was significantly higher than that in mild degenerative IVDs. These findings were confirmed in rat and cell-based degenerative models. When treated with rPOSTN, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity and cell apoptosis were time- and dose-dependent. However, rPOSTN-induced NPCs apoptosis decreased after iso-induced inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. POSTN inhibition reduced apoptosis but was restored by rPOSTN re-addition. Lastly, POSTN inhibition ameliorated puncture-induced IVDD in vivo. Overall, our study demonstrated that POSTN promotes NPCs apoptosis and aggravates degeneration by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxue Zhu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaoheng Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Congwen Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Qiu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Yidian Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Mingqiang Liu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xudong Guo
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Gansu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
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Wang JY, Young LR. Insights into the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis from Genetic Diseases. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:20-35. [PMID: 35294321 PMCID: PMC9273221 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0557tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease process associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with limited therapeutic options owing to an incomplete understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Mechanisms driving the fibrotic cascade have been elucidated through studies of rare and common variants in surfactant-related and telomere-related genes in familial and sporadic forms of pulmonary fibrosis, as well as in multisystem Mendelian genetic disorders that present with pulmonary fibrosis. In this translational review, we outline insights into the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis derived from genetic forms of the disease, with a focus on model systems, shared cellular and molecular mechanisms, and potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Y. Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Lisa R. Young
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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30
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Lin CR, Bahmed K, Kosmider B. Impaired Alveolar Re-Epithelialization in Pulmonary Emphysema. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132055. [PMID: 35805139 PMCID: PMC9265977 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type II (ATII) cells are progenitors in alveoli and can repair the alveolar epithelium after injury. They are intertwined with the microenvironment for alveolar epithelial cell homeostasis and re-epithelialization. A variety of ATII cell niches, transcription factors, mediators, and signaling pathways constitute a specific environment to regulate ATII cell function. Particularly, WNT/β-catenin, YAP/TAZ, NOTCH, TGF-β, and P53 signaling pathways are dynamically involved in ATII cell proliferation and differentiation, although there are still plenty of unknowns regarding the mechanism. However, an imbalance of alveolar cell death and proliferation was observed in patients with pulmonary emphysema, contributing to alveolar wall destruction and impaired gas exchange. Cigarette smoking causes oxidative stress and is the primary cause of this disease development. Aberrant inflammatory and oxidative stress responses result in loss of cell homeostasis and ATII cell dysfunction in emphysema. Here, we discuss the current understanding of alveolar re-epithelialization and altered reparative responses in the pathophysiology of this disease. Current therapeutics and emerging treatments, including cell therapies in clinical trials, are addressed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ru Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Correspondence:
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31
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De Sadeleer LJ, Verleden SE, Schupp JC, McDonough JE, Goos T, Yserbyt J, Bargagli E, Rottoli P, Kaminski N, Prasse A, Wuyts WA. BAL Transcriptomes Characterize Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Endotypes With Prognostic Impact. Chest 2022; 161:1576-1588. [PMID: 35063449 PMCID: PMC9424328 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.12.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the plethora of pathophysiologic mechanisms described in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), we hypothesize that the mechanisms driving fibrosis in IPF may be different from one patient to another. RESEARCH QUESTION Do IPF endotypes exist and are they associated with outcome? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Using a publicly available gene expression dataset retrieved from BAL samples of patients with IPF and control participants (GSE70867), we clustered IPF samples based on a dimension reduction algorithm specifically designed for -omics data, called DDR Tree. After clustering, gene set enrichment analysis was performed for functional annotation, associations with clinical variables and prognosis were investigated, and differences in transcriptional regulation were determined using motif enrichment analysis. The findings were validated in three independent publicly available gene expression datasets retrieved from IPF blood samples. RESULTS One hundred seventy-six IPF samples from three centers were clustered in six IPF clusters, with distinct functional enrichment. Although clinical characteristics did not differ between the clusters, one cluster conferred worse sex-age-physiology score-corrected survival, whereas another showed a numeric trend toward worse survival (P = .08). The first was enriched for increased epithelial and innate and adaptive immunity signatures, whereas the other showed important telomere and mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of proteostasis, and increased myofibroblast signatures. The existence of these two endotypes, including the impact on survival of the immune endotype, was validated in three independent validation cohorts. Finally, we identified transcription factors regulating the expression of endotype-specific survival-associated genes. INTERPRETATION Gene expression-based endotyping in IPF is feasible and can inform clinical evolution. As endotype-specific pathways and survival-associated transcription factors are identified, endotyping may open up the possibility of endotype-tailored therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens J De Sadeleer
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Stijn E Verleden
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Pulmonology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - John E McDonough
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tinne Goos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonas Yserbyt
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Bargagli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, AOUS and Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Rottoli
- Specialization School in Respiratory Diseases, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Antje Prasse
- Department of Pulmonology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, BREATH, Hannover, Germany; Department of Pneumology, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wim A Wuyts
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETA, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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32
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Liang J, Huang G, Liu X, Taghavifar F, Liu N, Wang Y, Deng N, Yao C, Xie T, Kulur V, Dai K, Burman A, Rowan SC, Weigt SS, Belperio J, Stripp B, Parks WC, Jiang D, Noble PW. The ZIP8/SIRT1 axis regulates alveolar progenitor cell renewal in aging and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157338. [PMID: 35389887 PMCID: PMC9151700 DOI: 10.1172/jci157338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractType 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) function as progenitor cells in the lung. We have shown previously that failure of AEC2 regeneration results in progressive lung fibrosis in mice and is a cardinal feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we identified a deficiency of a specific zinc transporter SLC39A8 (ZIP8) in AEC2s from both IPF lungs and lungs of old mice. Loss of ZIP8 expression was associated with impaired renewal capacity of AEC2s and enhanced lung fibrosis. ZIP8 regulation of AEC2 progenitor function was dependent on SIRT1. Replenishment with exogenous zinc and SIRT1 activation promoted self-renewal and differentiation of AEC2s from lung tissues of IPF patients and old mice. Deletion of Zip8 in AEC2s in mice impaired AEC2 renewal, increased susceptibility of the mice to bleomycin injury, and the mice developed spontaneous lung fibrosis. Therapeutic strategies to restore zinc metabolism and appropriate SIRT1 signaling could improve AEC2 progenitor function and mitigate ongoing fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Liang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Guanling Huang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Forough Taghavifar
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ningshan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Nan Deng
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Changfu Yao
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ting Xie
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Vrishika Kulur
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Kristy Dai
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ankita Burman
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Simon C Rowan
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - S Samuel Weigt
- Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - John Belperio
- Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Barry Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - William C Parks
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Paul W Noble
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
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33
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Yu H, Lin Y, Zhong Y, Guo X, Lin Y, Yang S, Liu J, Xie X, Sun Y, Wang D, Li B, Ran P, Dai J. Impaired AT2 to AT1 cell transition in PM2.5-induced mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2022; 23:70. [PMID: 35337337 PMCID: PMC8957194 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01996-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Particular matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is one of the most important air pollutant, and it is positively associated with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the precise underlying mechanisms through which PM2.5 promotes the development of COPD remains largely unknown.
Methods Mouse alveolar destruction were determined by histological analysis of lung tissues and lung function test. Alveolar type II cells (AT2) to alveolar type I cells (AT1) transition in PM2.5-induced COPD mouse model was confirmed via immunofluorescence staining and qPCR analysis. The differentially expressed genes in PM2.5-induced COPD mouse model were identified by RNA-sequencing of alveolar epithelial organoids and generated by bioinformatics analysis. Results In this study, we found that 6 months exposure of PM2.5 induced a significantly decreased pulmonary compliance and resulted in pulmonary emphysema in mice. We showed that PM2.5 exposure significantly reduced the AT2 to AT1 cell transition in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found a reduced expression of the intermediate AT2-AT1 cell process marker claudin 4 (CLDN4) at day 4 of differentiation in mouse alveolar organoids treated with PM2.5, suggesting that PM2.5 exposure inhibited AT2 cells from entering the transdifferentiation process. RNA-sequencing of mouse alveolar organoids showed that several key signaling pathways that involved in the AT2 to AT1 cell transition were significantly altered including the Wnt signaling, MAPK signaling and signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells following PM2.5 exposure. Conclusions In summary, these data demonstrate a critical role of AT2 to AT1 cell transition in PM2.5-induced COPD mouse model and reveal the signaling pathways that potentially regulate AT2 to AT1 cell transition during this process. Our findings therefore advance the current knowledge of PM2.5-induced COPD and may lead to a novel therapeutic strategy to treat this disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01996-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Yu
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhong
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyin Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Yang
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinran Xie
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaowei Sun
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianwei Dai
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China. .,The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Xie T, Lynn H, Parks WC, Stripp B, Chen P, Jiang D, Noble PW. Abnormal respiratory progenitors in fibrotic lung injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:64. [PMID: 35130980 PMCID: PMC8822870 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and epithelium lineage labeling have yielded identification of multiple abnormal epithelial progenitor populations during alveolar type 2 (ATII) cell differentiation into alveolar type 1 (ATI) cells during regenerative lung post-fibrotic injury. These abnormal cells include basaloid/basal-like cells, ATII transition cells, and persistent epithelial progenitors (PEPs). These cells occurred and accumulated during the regeneration of distal airway and alveoli in response to both chronic and acute pulmonary injury. Among the alveolar epithelial progenitors, PEPs express a distinct Krt8+ phenotype that is rarely found in intact alveoli. However, post-injury, the Krt8+ phenotype is seen in dysplastic epithelial cells. Fully understanding the characteristics and functions of these newly found, injury-induced abnormal behavioral epithelial progenitors and the signaling pathways regulating their phenotype could potentially point the way to unique therapeutic targets for fibrosing lung diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding these epithelial progenitors as they relate to uncovering regenerative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xie
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Heather Lynn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William C Parks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Barry Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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35
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Increased LGR6 Expression Sustains Long-Term Wnt Activation and Acquisition of Senescence in Epithelial Progenitors in Chronic Lung Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123437. [PMID: 34943945 PMCID: PMC8700573 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases (CLDs) represent a set of disorders characterized by the progressive loss of proper lung function. Among severe CLDs, the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has grown over the last decades, mainly in the elderly population. Several studies have highlighted an increased expression of senescence-related markers in the resident progenitor cells in COPD and IPF, possibly undermining epithelial integrity and contributing to the progression and the aggravation of both diseases. Recently, the chronic activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway was shown to induce cellular senescence. Here, we investigated the localization and the expression of leucin-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 6 (LGR6), a protein that activates and potentiates the canonical Wnt signalling. Through immunohistochemical analyses, we identified a lesion-associated rise in LGR6 levels in abnormal lung epithelial progenitors in COPD and IPF when compared to histologically normal tissues. Moreover, in areas of aberrant regeneration, chronic damage and fibrosis, LGR6-expressing epithelial progenitors displayed a major increase in the expression of senescence-associated markers. Our study suggests the involvement of LGR6 in the chronic activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, mediating the impairment and exhaustion of epithelial progenitors in COPD and IPF.
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36
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Liu T, Gonzalez De Los Santos F, Hirsch M, Wu Z, Phan SH. Noncanonical Wnt Signaling Promotes Myofibroblast Differentiation in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:489-499. [PMID: 34107237 PMCID: PMC8641847 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0499oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway initiates a signaling cascade that is critical in cell differentiation and the normal development of multiple organ systems. The reactivation of this pathway has been documented in experimental and human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, wherein Wnt/β-catenin activation has been implicated in epithelial-cell repair. Furthermore, the canonical ligand Wnt3a is known to induce myofibroblast differentiation; however, the role of noncanonical Wnt ligands remains unclear. This study showed significantly higher levels of Wnt11 expression in cells from both patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and bleomycin-treated mice, as well as in TGFβ-treated mouse lung fibroblasts. Moreover, Wnt11 induced myofibroblast differentiation as manifested by increased α-SMA (ACTA2) expression, which was similar to that induced by canonical Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling. Further investigation revealed that Wnt11 induction of α-SMA was associated with the activation of JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase)/c-Jun signaling and was inhibited by a JNK inhibitor. The potential importance of this signaling pathway was supported by in vivo evidence showing significantly increased levels of Wnt11 and activated JNK in the lungs of mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, fibroblasts did not express canonical Wnt3a, but treatment of these cells with exogenous Wnt3a induced endogenous Wnt11 and Wnt5a, resulting in repression of the Wnt3a/β-catenin target gene Axin2. These findings suggested that the noncanonical Wnt induction of myofibroblast differentiation mediated by the JNK/c-Jun pathway might play a significant role in pulmonary fibrosis, in addition to or in synergy with canonical Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, Wnt3a activation of noncanonical Wnt signaling might trigger a switch from canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mitchell Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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37
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Pouwels SD, Hesse L, Wu X, Allam VSRR, van Oldeniel D, Bhiekharie LJ, Phipps S, Oliver BG, Gosens R, Sukkar MB, Heijink IH. LL-37 and HMGB1 induce alveolar damage and reduce lung tissue regeneration via RAGE. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L641-L652. [PMID: 34405719 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00138.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is still unknown whether RAGE directly contributes to alveolar epithelial damage and abnormal repair responses. We hypothesize that RAGE activation not only induces lung tissue damage but also hampers alveolar epithelial repair responses. The effects of the RAGE ligands LL-37 and HMGB1 were examined on airway inflammation and alveolar tissue damage in wild-type and RAGE-deficient mice and on lung damage and repair responses using murine precision cut lung slices (PCLS) and organoids. In addition, their effects were studied on the repair response of human alveolar epithelial A549 cells, using siRNA knockdown of RAGE and treatment with the RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1. We observed that intranasal installation of LL-37 and HMGB1 induces RAGE-dependent inflammation and severe alveolar tissue damage in mice within 6 h, with stronger effects in a mouse strain susceptible for emphysema compared with a nonsusceptible strain. In PCLS, RAGE inhibition reduced the recovery from elastase-induced alveolar tissue damage. In organoids, RAGE ligands reduced the organoid-forming efficiency and epithelial differentiation into pneumocyte-organoids. Finally, in A549 cells, we confirmed the role of RAGE in impaired repair responses upon exposure to LL-37. Together, our data indicate that activation of RAGE by its ligands LL-37 and HMGB1 induces acute lung tissue damage and that this impedes alveolar epithelial repair, illustrating the therapeutic potential of RAGE inhibitors for lung tissue repair in emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Pouwels
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Hesse
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xinhui Wu
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam
- Graduate School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daan van Oldeniel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Linsey J Bhiekharie
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Phipps
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Graduate School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria B Sukkar
- Graduate School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Torrens-Mas M, Perelló-Reus C, Navas-Enamorado C, Ibargüen-González L, Sanchez-Polo A, Segura-Sampedro JJ, Masmiquel L, Barcelo C, Gonzalez-Freire M. Organoids: An Emerging Tool to Study Aging Signature across Human Tissues. Modeling Aging with Patient-Derived Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10547. [PMID: 34638891 PMCID: PMC8508868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biology of aging is focused on the identification of novel pathways that regulate the underlying processes of aging to develop interventions aimed at delaying the onset and progression of chronic diseases to extend lifespan. However, the research on the aging field has been conducted mainly in animal models, yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, and cell cultures. Thus, it is unclear to what extent this knowledge is transferable to humans since they might not reflect the complexity of aging in people. An organoid culture is an in vitro 3D cell-culture technology that reproduces the physiological and cellular composition of the tissues and/or organs. This technology is being used in the cancer field to predict the response of a patient-derived tumor to a certain drug or treatment serving as patient stratification and drug-guidance approaches. Modeling aging with patient-derived organoids has a tremendous potential as a preclinical model tool to discover new biomarkers of aging, to predict adverse outcomes during aging, and to design personalized approaches for the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases and geriatric syndromes. This could represent a novel approach to study chronological and/or biological aging, paving the way to personalized interventions targeting the biology of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (C.N.-E.); (A.S.-P.); (L.M.)
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Catalina Perelló-Reus
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Oncogenesis Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.P.-R.); (L.I.-G.)
| | - Cayetano Navas-Enamorado
- Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (C.N.-E.); (A.S.-P.); (L.M.)
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lesly Ibargüen-González
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Oncogenesis Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.P.-R.); (L.I.-G.)
| | - Andres Sanchez-Polo
- Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (C.N.-E.); (A.S.-P.); (L.M.)
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- General & Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- School of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Luis Masmiquel
- Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (C.N.-E.); (A.S.-P.); (L.M.)
| | - Carles Barcelo
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Oncogenesis Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.P.-R.); (L.I.-G.)
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (C.N.-E.); (A.S.-P.); (L.M.)
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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39
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Cai Q, Ma J, Wang J, Wang J, Cui J, Wu S, Wang Z, Wang N, Wang J, Yang D, Yang J, Xue J, Li F, Chen J, Liu X. Adenoviral Transduction of Dickkopf-1 Alleviates Silica-Induced Silicosis Development in Lungs of Mice. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 33:155-174. [PMID: 34405699 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational disease caused by inhalation of silica dust, which is hallmarked by progressive pulmonary fibrosis associated with poor prognosis. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is implicated in the development of fibrosis and is a therapeutic target for fibrotic diseases. Previous clinical studies of patients with pneumoconiosis, including silicosis, revealed an increased concentration of circulating WNT3A and DKK1 proteins and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage compared with healthy subjects. The present study evaluated the effects of adenovirus-mediated transduction of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1), a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, on the development of pulmonary silicosis in mice. Consistent with previous human clinical studies, our experimental studies in mice demonstrated an aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity coinciding with increased Wnt3a and Dkk1 proteins and inflammation in lungs of silica-induced silicosis mice compared with controls. Intratracheal delivery of adenovirus expressing murine Dkk1 (AdDkk1) inhibited Wnt/β-catenin activity in mouse lungs. The adenovirus-mediated Dkk1 gene transduction demonstrated the potential to prevent silicosis development and ameliorate silica-induced lung fibrogenesis in mice, accompanied by the reduced expression of epithelia--mesenchymal transition markers and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins compared with mice treated with "null" adenoviral vector. Mechanistically, AdDkk1 is able to attenuate the lung silicosis by inhibiting a silica-induced spike in TGF-β/Smad signaling. In addition, the forced expression of Dkk1 suppressed silica-induced epithelial cell proliferation in polarized human bronchial epithelial cells. This study provides insight into the underlying role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in promoting the pathogenesis of silicosis and is proof-of-concept that targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling by Dkk1 gene transduction may be an alternative approach in the prevention and treatment of silicosis lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juying Wang
- Department of Occupational Disease, The Fifth People's Hospital of Ningxia, Shizuishan, China
| | - Jieda Cui
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Center of Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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40
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Samarelli AV, Tonelli R, Marchioni A, Bruzzi G, Gozzi F, Andrisani D, Castaniere I, Manicardi L, Moretti A, Tabbì L, Cerri S, Beghè B, Dominici M, Clini E. Fibrotic Idiopathic Interstitial Lung Disease: The Molecular and Cellular Key Players. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8952. [PMID: 34445658 PMCID: PMC8396471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that are known as diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs) lead to the damage of alveolar epithelium and lung parenchyma, culminating in inflammation and widespread fibrosis. ILDs that account for more than 200 different pathologies can be divided into two groups: ILDs that have a known cause and those where the cause is unknown, classified as idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). IIPs include idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) known also as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP), respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD), and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP). In this review, our aim is to describe the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to the onset and progression of the different IIPs, starting from IPF as the most studied, in order to find both the common and standalone molecular and cellular key players among them. Finally, a deeper molecular and cellular characterization of different interstitial lung diseases without a known cause would contribute to giving a more accurate diagnosis to the patients, which would translate to a more effective treatment decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Linda Manicardi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Luca Tabbì
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Bianca Beghè
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (F.G.); (D.A.); (I.C.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (S.C.); (B.B.); (M.D.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
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41
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Majewska J, Krizhanovsky V. Breathe it in - Spotlight on senescence and regeneration in the lung. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111550. [PMID: 34352324 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a highly coordinated and programmed cellular state, has a functional role in both lung physiology and pathology. While the contribution of senescent cells is recognized in the context of ageing and age-related pulmonary diseases, relatively less is known how cellular senescence of functionally distinct cell types leads to the progression of these pathologies. Recent advances in tools to track and isolate senescent cells from tissues, shed a light on the identity, behavior and function of senescent cells in vivo. The transient presence of senescent cells has an indispensable role in limiting lung damage and contributes to organ regenerative capacity upon acute stress insults. In contrast, persistent accumulation of senescent cells is a driver of age-related decline in organ function. Here, we discuss lung physiology and pathology as an example of seemingly contradictory role of senescence in structural and functional integrity of the tissue upon damage, and in age-related pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Majewska
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Valery Krizhanovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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42
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Samarelli AV, Tonelli R, Heijink I, Martin Medina A, Marchioni A, Bruzzi G, Castaniere I, Andrisani D, Gozzi F, Manicardi L, Moretti A, Cerri S, Fantini R, Tabbì L, Nani C, Mastrolia I, Weiss DJ, Dominici M, Clini E. Dissecting the Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Cause or Solution. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:692551. [PMID: 34290610 PMCID: PMC8287856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.692551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most aggressive forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, characterized by chronic and progressive fibrosis subverting the lung's architecture, pulmonary functional decline, progressive respiratory failure, and high mortality (median survival 3 years after diagnosis). Among the mechanisms associated with disease onset and progression, it has been hypothesized that IPF lungs might be affected either by a regenerative deficit of the alveolar epithelium or by a dysregulation of repair mechanisms in response to alveolar and vascular damage. This latter might be related to the progressive dysfunction and exhaustion of the resident stem cells together with a process of cellular and tissue senescence. The role of endogenous mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) resident in the lung in the homeostasis of these mechanisms is still a matter of debate. Although endogenous MSCs may play a critical role in lung repair, they are also involved in cellular senescence and tissue ageing processes with loss of lung regenerative potential. In addition, MSCs have immunomodulatory properties and can secrete anti-fibrotic factors. Thus, MSCs obtained from other sources administered systemically or directly into the lung have been investigated for lung epithelial repair and have been explored as a potential therapy for the treatment of lung diseases including IPF. Given these multiple potential roles of MSCs, this review aims both at elucidating the role of resident lung MSCs in IPF pathogenesis and the role of administered MSCs from other sources for potential IPF therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Heijink
- University of Groningen, Departments of Pathology & Medical Biology and Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Aina Martin Medina
- IdISBa (Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Linda Manicardi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Tabbì
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Nani
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilenia Mastrolia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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43
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Regulation of Cellular Senescence Is Independent from Profibrotic Fibroblast-Deposited ECM. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071628. [PMID: 34209854 PMCID: PMC8307656 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease with poor survival. Age is a major risk factor, and both alveolar epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts in this disease exhibit features of cellular senescence, a hallmark of ageing. Accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) is a core feature of IPF and is likely to affect cell function. We hypothesize that aberrant ECM deposition augments fibroblast senescence, creating a perpetuating cycle favouring disease progression. In this study, primary lung fibroblasts were cultured on control and IPF-derived ECM from fibroblasts pretreated with or without profibrotic and prosenescent stimuli, and markers of senescence, fibrosis-associated gene expression and secretion of cytokines were measured. Untreated ECM derived from control or IPF fibroblasts had no effect on the main marker of senescence p16Ink4a and p21Waf1/Cip1. However, the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and proteoglycan decorin (DCN) increased in response to IPF-derived ECM. Production of the proinflammatory cytokines C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8) by lung fibroblasts was upregulated in response to senescent and profibrotic-derived ECM. Finally, the profibrotic cytokines transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were upregulated in response to both senescent- and profibrotic-derived ECM. In summary, ECM deposited by IPF fibroblasts does not induce cellular senescence, while there is upregulation of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and differentiation into a myofibroblast phenotype in response to senescent- and profibrotic-derived ECM, which may contribute to progression of fibrosis in IPF.
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Carlier FM, de Fays C, Pilette C. Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:691227. [PMID: 34248677 PMCID: PMC8264588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.691227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and pathogens. The underlying mechanisms of host protection encompass multiple physical, chemical, and immune pathways. In the lung, inhaled agents continually challenge the airway epithelial barrier, which is altered in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we describe the epithelial barrier abnormalities that are observed in such disorders and summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms driving impaired barrier function, which could represent targets of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- François M. Carlier
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Charlotte de Fays
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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45
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Khedoe PPPSJ, Wu X, Gosens R, Hiemstra PS. Repairing damaged lungs using regenerative therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 59:85-94. [PMID: 34161852 PMCID: PMC9188766 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for better treatment of lung diseases that are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This urgency is illustrated by the current COVID-19 health crisis. Moderate-to-extensive lung injury characterizes several lung diseases, and not only therapies that reduce such lung injury are needed but also those that regenerate lung tissue and repair existing lung injury. At present, such therapies are not available, but as a result of a rapid increase in our understanding of lung development and repair, lung regenerative therapies are on the horizon. Here, we discuss existing targets for treatment, as well as novel strategies for development of pharmacological and cell therapy-based regenerative treatment for a variety of lung diseases and clinical studies. We discuss how both patient-relevant in vitro disease models using innovative culture techniques and other advanced new technologies aid in the development of pulmonary regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinhui Wu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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46
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Ptasinski V, Stegmayr J, Belvisi MG, Wagner DE, Murray LA. Targeting Alveolar Repair in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:347-365. [PMID: 34129811 PMCID: PMC8525210 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0476tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options. Current evidence suggests that IPF may be initiated by repeated epithelial injury in the distal lung followed by abnormal wound healing responses which occur due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Mechanisms contributing to chronic damage of the alveolar epithelium in IPF include dysregulated cellular processes such as apoptosis, senescence, abnormal activation of developmental pathways, aging, as well as genetic mutations. Therefore, targeting the regenerative capacity of the lung epithelium is an attractive approach in the development of novel therapies for IPF. Endogenous lung regeneration is a complex process involving coordinated cross-talk between multiple cell types and re-establishment of a normal extracellular matrix environment. This review will describe the current knowledge of reparative epithelial progenitor cells in the alveolar region of the lung and discuss potential novel therapeutic approaches for IPF focusing on endogenous alveolar repair. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Ptasinski
- Lund University Faculty of Medicine, 59568, Lund, Sweden.,AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, 128698, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - John Stegmayr
- Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, 59568, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Imperial College London, 4615, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Lunds Universitet, 5193, Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lynne A Murray
- AstraZeneca PLC, 4625, Cambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
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47
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Parimon T, Hohmann MS, Yao C. Cellular Senescence: Pathogenic Mechanisms in Lung Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6214. [PMID: 34207528 PMCID: PMC8227105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and fatal lung disease that significantly impacts the aging population globally. To date, anti-fibrotic, immunosuppressive, and other adjunct therapy demonstrate limited efficacies. Advancing our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of lung fibrosis will provide a future path for the cure. Cellular senescence has gained substantial interest in recent decades due to the increased incidence of fibroproliferative lung diseases in the older age group. Furthermore, the pathologic state of cellular senescence that includes maladaptive tissue repair, decreased regeneration, and chronic inflammation resembles key features of progressive lung fibrosis. This review describes regulatory pathways of cellular senescence and discusses the current knowledge on the senescence of critical cellular players of lung fibrosis, including epithelial cells (alveolar type 2 cells, basal cells, etc.), fibroblasts, and immune cells, their phenotypic changes, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which these cells contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. A few challenges in the field include establishing appropriate in vivo experimental models and identifying senescence-targeted signaling molecules and specific therapies to target senescent cells, known collectively as "senolytic" or "senotherapeutic" agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Parimon
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Miriam S. Hohmann
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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48
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Costa R, Wagner DE, Doryab A, De Santis MM, Schorpp K, Rothenaigner I, Lehmann M, Baarsma HA, Liu X, Schmid O, Campillos M, Yildirim AÖ, Hadian K, Königshoff M. A drug screen with approved compounds identifies amlexanox as a novel Wnt/β-catenin activator inducing lung epithelial organoid formation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4026-4041. [PMID: 34089180 PMCID: PMC8965750 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Emphysema is an incurable disease characterized by loss of lung tissue leading to impaired gas exchange. Wnt/β-catenin signalling is reduced in emphysema, and exogenous activation of the pathway in experimental models in vivo and in human ex vivo lung tissue improves lung function and structure. We sought to identify a pharmaceutical able to activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling and assess its potential to activate lung epithelial cells and repair. Experimental Approach: We screened 1216 human-approved compounds for Wnt/β-catenin signalling activation using luciferase reporter cells and selected candidates based on their computationally predicted protein targets. We further performed confirmatory luciferase reporter and metabolic activity assays. Finally, we studied the regenerative potential in murine adult epithelial cell-derived lung organoids and in vivo using a murine elastase-induced emphysema model. Key Results: The primary screen identified 16 compounds that significantly induced Wnt/β-catenin-dependent luciferase activity. Selected compounds activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling without inducing cell toxicity or proliferation. Two compounds were able to promote organoid formation, which was reversed by pharmacological Wnt/β-catenin inhibition, confirming the Wnt/β-catenin-dependent mechanism of action. Amlexanox was used for in vivo evaluation, and preventive treatment resulted in improved lung function and structure in emphysematous mouse lungs. Moreover, gene expression of Hgf, an important alveolar repair marker, was increased, whereas disease marker Eln was decreased, indicating that amlexanox induces proregenerative signalling in emphysema. Conclusion and Implications: Using a drug screen based on Wnt/β-catenin activity, organoid assays and a murine emphysema model, amlexanox was identified as a novel potential therapeutic agent for emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Costa
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ali Doryab
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Martina M De Santis
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenji Schorpp
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina Rothenaigner
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xueping Liu
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Monica Campillos
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Immunopathology of COPD, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kamyar Hadian
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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49
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Lehmann M, Königshoff M. Regenerative Medicine and the Hope for a Cure. Clin Chest Med 2021; 42:365-373. [PMID: 34024411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Current therapeutic strategies have succeeded in slowing down the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Emerging evidence highlights IPF as a disease of aging and impaired regeneration. Novel antiaging and regenerative medicine approaches hold promise to be able to reverse disease and might present hope for a cure. Research focusing on a deeper understanding of lung stem cell populations and how these are regulated and altered in fibrotic disease continues to drive the field, and accompanied by earlier diagnosis, the adaptation of clinically relevant models and readouts for regeneration of diseased lung, ultimately paves the way for translation into clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Lehmann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, München 81377, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, München 81377, Germany; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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50
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Aros CJ, Pantoja CJ, Gomperts BN. Wnt signaling in lung development, regeneration, and disease progression. Commun Biol 2021; 4:601. [PMID: 34017045 PMCID: PMC8138018 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is a vital, intricate system for several important biological processes including mucociliary clearance, airway conductance, and gas exchange. The Wnt signaling pathway plays several crucial and indispensable roles across lung biology in multiple contexts. This review highlights the progress made in characterizing the role of Wnt signaling across several disciplines in lung biology, including development, homeostasis, regeneration following injury, in vitro directed differentiation efforts, and disease progression. We further note uncharted directions in the field that may illuminate important biology. The discoveries made collectively advance our understanding of Wnt signaling in lung biology and have the potential to inform therapeutic advancements for lung diseases. Cody Aros, Carla Pantoja, and Brigitte Gomperts review the key role of Wnt signaling in all aspects of lung development, repair, and disease progression. They provide an overview of recent research findings and highlight where research is needed to further elucidate mechanisms of action, with the aim of improving disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Aros
- UCLA Department of Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carla J Pantoja
- UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brigitte N Gomperts
- UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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