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An Y, Zhai Z, Wang X, Ding Y, He L, Li L, Mo Q, Mu C, Xie R, Liu T, Zhong W, Wang B, Cao H. Targeting Desulfovibrio vulgaris flagellin-induced NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation in macrophages attenuates ulcerative colitis. J Adv Res 2023; 52:219-232. [PMID: 37586642 PMCID: PMC10555950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The perturbations of gut microbiota could interact with excessively activated immune responses and play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Desulfovibrio, the most predominant sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) resided in the human gut, was observed to overgrow in patients with UC. The interactions between specific gut microbiota and drugs and their impacts on UC treatment have not been demonstrated well. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elucidate whether Desulfovibrio vulgaris (D. vulgaris, DSV) and its flagellin could activate nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLR) family of apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIP) / NLR family caspase activation and recruitment domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome and promote colitis, and further evaluate the efficacy of eugeniin targeting the interaction interface of D. vulgaris flagellin (DVF) and NAIP to attenuate UC. METHODS The abundance of DSV and the occurrence of macrophage pyroptosis in human UC tissues were investigated. Colitis in mice was established by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and gavaged with DSV or its purified flagellin. NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. The effects of eugeniin on blocking the interaction of DVF and NAIP/NLRC4 and relieving colitis were also assessed. RESULTS The abundance of DSV increased in the feces of patients with UC and was found to be associated with disease activity. DSV and its flagellin facilitated DSS-induced colitis in mice. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing showed that gene expression associated with inflammasome complex and pyroptosis was upregulated after DVF treatment in macrophages. DVF was further demonstrated to induce significant macrophage pyroptosis in vitro, depending on NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, eugeniin was screened as an inhibitor of the interface between DVF and NAIP and successfully alleviated the proinflammatory effect of DVF in colitis. CONCLUSION Targeting DVF-induced NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis ameliorates UC. This finding is of great significance for exploring the gut microbiota-host interactions in UC development and providing new insights for precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping An
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Zihan Zhai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiyun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin He
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingfeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Mo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenlu Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
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Ren X, Yin M, Zhao Q, Zheng Z, Wang H, Lu Z, Li X, Qian P. Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Induces Porcine Gasdermin E-Mediated Pyroptosis through the Protease Activity of 3C pro. J Virol 2023; 97:e0068623. [PMID: 37367489 PMCID: PMC10373541 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00686-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute, highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals caused by FMD virus (FMDV). Currently, the molecular pathogenesis of FMDV infection remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that FMDV infection induced gasdermin E (GSDME)-mediated pyroptosis independent of caspase-3 activity. Further studies showed that FMDV 3Cpro cleaved porcine GSDME (pGSDME) at the Q271-G272 junction adjacent to the cleavage site (D268-A269) of porcine caspase-3 (pCASP3). The inhibition of enzyme activity of 3Cpro failed to cleave pGSDME and induce pyroptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of pCASP3 or 3Cpro-mediated cleavage fragment pGSDME-NT was sufficient to induce pyroptosis. Moreover, the knockdown of GSDME attenuated the pyroptosis caused by FMDV infection. Our study reveals a novel mechanism of pyroptosis induced by FMDV infection and might provide new insights into the pathogenesis of FMDV and the design of antiviral drugs. IMPORTANCE Although FMDV is an important virulent infectious disease virus, few reports have addressed its relationship with pyroptosis or pyroptosis factors, and most studies focus on the immune escape mechanism of FMDV. GSDME (DFNA5) was initially identified as being associated with deafness disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that GSDME is a key executioner for pyroptosis. Here, we first demonstrate that pGSDME is a novel cleavage substrate of FMDV 3Cpro and can induce pyroptosis. Thus, this study reveals a previously unrecognized novel mechanism of pyroptosis induced by FMDV infection and might provide new insights into the design of anti-FMDV therapies and the mechanisms of pyroptosis induced by other picornavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujiao Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengge Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengjun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Li D, Bühler M, Runft S, Gerold G, Marek K, Baumgärtner W, Strowig T, Gerhauser I. ASC- and caspase-1-deficient C57BL/6 mice do not develop demyelinating disease after infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10960. [PMID: 37414913 PMCID: PMC10326010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) induces an acute polioencephalomyelitis and a chronic demyelinating leukomyelitis in SJL mice. C57BL/6 (B6) mice generally do not develop TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) due to virus elimination. However, TMEV can persist in specific immunodeficient B6 mice such as IFNβ-/- mice and induce a demyelinating process. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 are activated by the inflammasome pathway, which consists of a pattern recognition receptor molecule sensing microbial pathogens, the adaptor molecule Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and the executioner caspase-1. To analyze the contribution of the inflammasome pathway to the resistance of B6 mice to TMEV-IDD, ASC- and caspase-1-deficient mice and wild type littermates were infected with TMEV and investigated using histology, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western Blot. Despite the antiviral activity of the inflammasome pathway, ASC- and caspase-1-deficient mice eliminated the virus and did not develop TMEV-IDD. Moreover, a similar IFNβ and cytokine gene expression was found in the brain of immunodeficient mice and their wild type littermates. Most importantly, Western Blot showed cleavage of IL-1β and IL-18 in all investigated mice. Consequently, inflammasome-dependent activation of IL-1β and IL-18 does not play a major role in the resistance of B6 mice to TMEV-IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Bühler
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Runft
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Marek
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department for Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Gerhauser
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
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Carrizales-Sánchez AK, Tamez-Rivera O, García-Gamboa R, García-Cayuela T, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez NA, Elizondo-Montemayor L, García-Rivas G, Pacheco A, Hernández-Brenes C, Senés-Guerrero C. Gut microbial composition and functionality of school-age Mexican population with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1193832. [PMID: 37342535 PMCID: PMC10277889 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1193832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut metagenome in pediatric subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been poorly studied, despite an alarming worldwide increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity and MetS within this population. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomic composition of Mexican pediatric subjects with MetS and T2DM using shotgun metagenomics and analyze the potential relationship with metabolic changes and proinflammatory effects. Paired-end reads of fecal DNA samples were obtained through the Illumina HiSeq X Platform. Statistical analyses and correlational studies were conducted using gut microbiome data and metadata from all individuals. Gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in MetS and T2DM children compared to healthy subjects, which was characterized by an increase in facultative anaerobes (i.e., enteric and lactic acid bacteria) and a decrease in strict anaerobes (i.e., Erysipelatoclostridium, Shaalia, and Actinomyces genera). This may cause a loss of gut hypoxic environment, increased gut microbial nitrogen metabolism, and higher production of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These metabolic changes may trigger the activation of proinflammatory activity and impair the host's intermediate metabolism, leading to a possible progression of the characteristic risk factors of MetS and T2DM, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and an increased abdominal circumference. Furthermore, specific viruses (Jiaodavirus genus and Inoviridae family) showed positive correlations with proinflammatory cytokines involved in these metabolic diseases. This study provides novel evidence for the characterization of MetS and T2DM pediatric subjects in which the whole gut microbial composition has been characterized. Additionally, it describes specific gut microorganisms with functional changes that may influence the onset of relevant health risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Tamez-Rivera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nora A Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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5
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Masters SL. Ten things to know about NLRP10. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:561-562. [PMID: 36949288 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
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6
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Zheng D, Mohapatra G, Kern L, He Y, Shmueli MD, Valdés-Mas R, Kolodziejczyk AA, Próchnicki T, Vasconcelos MB, Schorr L, Hertel F, Lee YS, Rufino MC, Ceddaha E, Shimshy S, Hodgetts RJ, Dori-Bachash M, Kleimeyer C, Goldenberg K, Heinemann M, Stettner N, Harmelin A, Shapiro H, Puschhof J, Chen M, Flavell RA, Latz E, Merbl Y, Abdeen SK, Elinav E. Epithelial Nlrp10 inflammasome mediates protection against intestinal autoinflammation. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:585-594. [PMID: 36941399 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01450-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Unlike other nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors, Nlrp10 lacks a canonical leucine-rich repeat domain, suggesting that it is incapable of signal sensing and inflammasome formation. Here we show that mouse Nlrp10 is expressed in distal colonic intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and modulated by the intestinal microbiome. In vitro, Nlrp10 forms an Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC)-dependent, m-3M3FBS-activated, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-modulated inflammasome driving interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 secretion. In vivo, Nlrp10 signaling is dispensable during steady state but becomes functional during autoinflammation in antagonizing mucosal damage. Importantly, whole-body or conditional IEC Nlrp10 depletion leads to reduced IEC caspase-1 activation, coupled with enhanced susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, mediated by altered inflammatory and healing programs. Collectively, understanding Nlrp10 inflammasome-dependent and independent activity, regulation and possible human relevance might facilitate the development of new innate immune anti-inflammatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zheng
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gayatree Mohapatra
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lara Kern
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yiming He
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Merav D Shmueli
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rafael Valdés-Mas
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Tomasz Próchnicki
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Lena Schorr
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Hertel
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ye Seul Lee
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Emmanuelle Ceddaha
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sandy Shimshy
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ryan James Hodgetts
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mally Dori-Bachash
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Christian Kleimeyer
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kim Goldenberg
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Melina Heinemann
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Stettner
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagit Shapiro
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yifat Merbl
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suhaib K Abdeen
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Sharma BR, Kanneganti TD. Inflammasome signaling in colorectal cancer. Transl Res 2023; 252:45-52. [PMID: 36150688 PMCID: PMC9839553 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Inflammation is often an underlying risk factor for developing CRC. Maintaining gut homeostasis and balancing inflammation is therefore critical to prevent CRC development. One key class of molecular complexes that impact gut homeostasis are inflammasomes, cytosolic multiprotein immune complexes that assemble upon sensing various intracellular alterations. Inflammasomes regulate inflammation, cell death, cytokine release, signaling cascades, and other cellular processes. Roles for inflammasomes in colitis and colitis-associated CRC have been shown in multiple animal models. The activation of inflammasomes leads to the release of the bioactive forms of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, the inflammasome effector cytokines. These cytokines ensure an optimal inflammatory immune response during colitis and colitis-associated CRC. The activation of some inflammasome sensors, including NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRP6, and Pyrin, provides protection from colitis-associated CRC via effector cytokine-dependent mechanisms. Additionally, activation of other inflammasome sensors, such as AIM2, NLRC4, and NAIPs, provides mostly effector cytokine-independent protection. Inflammasomes can also act as integral components of PANoptosomes, which are multifaceted complexes that integrate components from other cell death pathways and regulate a unique form of innate immune inflammatory cell death called PANoptosis. Furthermore, IRF1, a key regulator of some inflammasomes and PANoptosomes, has been implicated in CRC. It is therefore critical to consider the role of inflammasomes in effector cytokine-dependent and -independent protection as well as their role in PANoptosis to modulate CRC for therapeutic targeting. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of inflammasome activation, the functions of inflammasomes in CRC, and current obstacles and future perspectives in inflammasome and CRC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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8
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Giannos P, Prokopidis K, Isanejad M, Wright HL. Markers of immune dysregulation in response to the ageing gut: insights from aged murine gut microbiota transplants. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:533. [PMID: 36544093 PMCID: PMC9773626 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perturbations in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota are accompanied by a decline in immune homeostasis during ageing, characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and enhanced innate immunity. Genetic insights into the interaction between age-related alterations in the gut microbiota and immune function remain largely unexplored. METHODS We investigated publicly available transcriptomic gut profiles of young germ-free mouse hosts transplanted with old donor gut microbiota to identify immune-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Literature screening of the Gene Expression Omnibus and PubMed identified one murine (Mus musculus) gene expression dataset (GSE130026) that included small intestine tissues from young (5-6 weeks old) germ-free mice hosts that were compared following 8 weeks after transplantation with either old (~ 24-month old; n = 5) or young (5-6 weeks old; n = 4) mouse donor gut microbiota. RESULTS A total of 112 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and used to construct a gut network of encoded proteins, in which DEGs were functionally annotated as being involved in an immune process based on gene ontology. The association between the expression of immune-process DEGs and abundance of immune infiltrates from gene signatures in normal colorectal tissues was estimated from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. The analysis revealed a 25-gene signature of immune-associated DEGs and their expression profile was positively correlated with naïve T-cell, effector memory T-cell, central memory T-cell, resident memory T-cell, exhausted T-cell, resting Treg T-cell, effector Treg T-cell and Th1-like colorectal gene signatures. Conclusions These genes may have a potential role as candidate markers of immune dysregulation during gut microbiota ageing. Moreover, these DEGs may provide insights into the altered immune response to microbiota in the ageing gut, including reduced antigen presentation and alterations in cytokine and chemokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Giannos
- Society of Meta-Research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Society of Meta-Research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK.,Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Masoud Isanejad
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Helen L Wright
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
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9
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Lin Q, Kuypers M, Liu Z, Copeland JK, Chan D, Robertson SJ, Kontogiannis J, Guttman DS, Banks EK, Philpott DJ, Mallevaey T. Invariant natural killer T cells minimally influence gut microbiota composition in mice. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2104087. [PMID: 35912530 PMCID: PMC9348128 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2104087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are unconventional T cells that respond to glycolipid antigens found in microbes in a CD1d-dependent manner. iNKT cells exert innate-like functions and produce copious amounts of cytokines, chemokines and cytotoxic molecules within only minutes of activation. As such, iNKT cells can fuel or dampen inflammation in a context-dependent manner. In addition, iNKT cells provide potent immunity against bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. Although microbiota-iNKT cell interactions are not well-characterized, mounting evidence suggests that microbiota colonization early in life impacts iNKT cell homeostasis and functions in disease. In this study, we showed that CD1d-/- and Vα14 Tg mice, which lack and have increased numbers of iNKT cells, respectively, had no significant alterations in gut microbiota composition compared to their littermate controls. Furthermore, specific iNKT cell activation by glycolipid antigens only resulted in a transient and minimal shift in microbiota composition when compared to the natural drift found in our colony. Our findings demonstrate that iNKT cells have little to no influence in regulating commensal bacteria at steady state.Abbreviations: iNKT: invariant Natural Killer T cell; αGC: α-galactosylceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Lin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,CONTACT Thierry Mallevaey University of Toronto, Department of Immunology, Medical Sciences Building, Room 7334,1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, OntarioM5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meggie Kuypers
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhewei Liu
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julia K Copeland
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donny Chan
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan J Robertson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean Kontogiannis
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David S Guttman
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E. Kate Banks
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thierry Mallevaey
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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10
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Li Y, Lin X, Wang W, Wang W, Cheng S, Huang Y, Zou Y, Ke J, Zhu L. The Proinflammatory Role of Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:926915. [PMID: 35722277 PMCID: PMC9201962 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.926915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Since guanylate-binding protein 5 (GBP5) induces the NLRP3 inflammasome activity, we aim to investigate the potential role of GBP5 in IBD pathogenesis. The expression of GBP5, NLRP3 inflammasome, and related cytokines and chemokines was examined in two cohorts of IBD patients and healthy controls, by microarray transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time PCR. Cellular localization of GBP5 in colonic biopsies was examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy. For functional studies, GBP5 was induced by interferon γ or silenced by siRNA or CRISPR/CAS9 technique, and inflammatory activities were evaluated at mRNA and protein levels. We found that the expression of GBP5 was elevated in colonic mucosa in two geographically and culturally distinct IBD cohorts. In colonic tissues of IBD patients, GBP5 expression was mainly confined to immune cells and the levels of GBP5 expression were correlated with those of the inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In cultured T and macrophage cells, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines was increased when GBP5 was induced, while GBP5 deficiency leads to decreased expression of proinflammatory mediators including gasdermin D, caspase 1, cytokines, and chemokines. We conclude that GBP5 is required in the expression of many proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in intestinal immune cells. In addition, GBP5 may upregulate inflammatory reactions through an inflammasome-mediated mechanism. Since GBP5 plays a proinflammatory role at the early steps of the inflammatory cascades of IBD pathogenesis, and is implicated in IBD patients of distinct genetic and environmental backgrounds, targeting GBP5 could be an effective strategy for the management of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xutao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijing Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yibo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Pretre V, Papadopoulos D, Regard J, Pelletier M, Woo J. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and the inflammasome in cancer. Cytokine 2022; 153:155850. [PMID: 35279620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the significant contribution of inflammation to the development and progression of various types of cancer. Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment mediates complex interactions between innate immunity, adaptive immunity, microbiomes and stroma, and ultimately alters the overall fitness of tumor cells at multiple stages of carcinogenesis. Malignancies are known to arise in areas of chronic inflammation and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment (often called tumor-promoting inflammation) is believed to allow cancer cells to evade immunosurveillance while promoting genetic instability, survival and progression. Among the strongest data suggesting a causal role for inflammation in cancer come from the recent CANTOS trial which demonstrated that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) inhibition with canakinumab leads to a significant, dose-dependent decrease in incident lung cancer. This observation has launched a series of additional clinical studies to understand the role of IL-1β and the inflammasome in cancer, and the clinical utility of IL-1β inhibition in different stages of lung cancer. In this article we will review recent data implicating IL-1β signaling and its upstream regulator NLRP3 in both solid tumor and hematologic malignancies. We will discuss the key preclinical observations and the current clinical landscape, and describe the pharmacologic tools which will be used to evaluate the effects of blocking tumor-promoting inflammation clinically.
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12
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Cai Z, Yuan S, Luan X, Feng J, Deng L, Zuo Y, Li J. Pyroptosis-Related Inflammasome Pathway: A New Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842313. [PMID: 35355717 PMCID: PMC8959892 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a highly specific type of inflammatory programmed cell death that is mediated by Gasdermine (GSDM). It is characterized by inflammasome activation, caspase activation, and cell membrane pore formation. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading diabetic complications and is a critical cause of fatalities in chronic diabetic patients, it is defined as a clinical condition of abnormal myocardial structure and performance in diabetic patients without other cardiac risk factors, such as hypertension, significant valvular disease, etc. There are no specific drugs in treating DCM despite decades of basic and clinical investigations. Although the relationship between DCM and pyroptosis is not well established yet, current studies provided the impetus for us to clarify the significance of pyroptosis in DCM. In this review, we summarize the recent literature addressing the role of pyroptosis and the inflammasome in the development of DCM and summary the potential use of approaches targeting this pathway which may be future anti-DCM strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Suxin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xingzhao Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Feng,
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yumei Zuo
- Department of outpatient, The 13th Retired Cadre Recuperation Clinic Of Chengdu, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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13
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Watanabe D, Guo Y, Kamada N. Interaction between the inflammasome and commensal microorganisms in gastrointestinal health and disease. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13452. [PMID: 34705319 PMCID: PMC8649886 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a cytosolic multiprotein complex that plays a crucial role in inflammation and cell death. The sensor proteins in the inflammasome complex detect various microbial and endogenous stimuli, leading to subsequent caspase activation. The activation of caspases results in the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 or pyroptosis. Inflammasome dysfunction is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including autoimmune disease and cancer. It appears that the interactions between the gut microbiota and the inflammasome play crucial roles in the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiota induces the expression and activation of inflammasome proteins, which contribute to both homeostasis and disease in the gut. Likewise, although controversial, mounting evidence suggests that inflammasome activation can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, which, in turn, affects disease progression. In this review, we summarize the current concepts and recent insights linking the inflammasome and gut commensal microorganisms. We describe how the reciprocal interaction between the inflammasome and the commensal microbiota relates to physiological and pathophysiological consequences in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Yijie Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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14
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Xu J, Cai S, Zhao J, Xu K, Ji H, Wu C, Xiao J, Wu Y. Advances in the Relationship Between Pyroptosis and Diabetic Neuropathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:753660. [PMID: 34712670 PMCID: PMC8545826 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a novel programmed cell death process that promotes the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) by activating inflammasomes and gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to cell swelling and rupture. Pyroptosis is involved in the regulation of the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, and nerve injury. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by long-term hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation. The people have paid more and more attention to the relationship between pyroptosis, diabetes, and its complications, especially its important regulatory significance in diabetic neurological diseases, such as diabetic encephalopathy (DE) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). This article will give an in-depth overview of the relationship between pyroptosis, diabetes, and its related neuropathy, and discuss the regulatory pathway and significance of pyroptosis in diabetes-associated neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shufang Cai
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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15
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Gao H, Cao M, Yao Y, Hu W, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zeng C, Tang J, Luan S, Chen P. Dysregulated Microbiota-Driven Gasdermin D Activation Promotes Colitis Development by Mediating IL-18 Release. Front Immunol 2021; 12:750841. [PMID: 34721422 PMCID: PMC8551709 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.750841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance between gut microbiota and host is critical for maintaining host health. Although dysregulation of the gut microbiota triggers the development of various inflammatory diseases, including colitis, the molecular mechanism of microbiota-driven colitis development is largely unknown. Here, we found that gasdermin D (GSDMD) was activated during acute colitis. In the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, compared to wild-type mice, Gsdmd-deficient mice had less colitis severity. Mechanistically, GSDMD expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), but not infiltrating immune cells, was critical for GSDMD-mediated colitis progression. Moreover, commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) largely overgrew during colitis, and then the dysregulated commensal E. coli mediated GSDMD activation. Furthermore, the activated GSDMD promoted the release of interleukin-18 (IL-18), but not the transcript or maturation level of IL-18, which in turn mediated goblet cell loss to induce colitis development. Thus, GSDMD promotes colitis development by mediating IL-18 release, and the microbiota can mediate colitis pathogenesis through regulation of GSDMD activation. Our results provide a potential molecular mechanism by which the microbiota-driven GSDMD activation contributes to colitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Gao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengtao Cao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yikun Yao
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 305 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army of China (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Tang
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Luan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Lv Q, Xing Y, Liu J, Dong D, Liu Y, Qiao H, Zhang Y, Hu L. Lonicerin targets EZH2 to alleviate ulcerative colitis by autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2880-2899. [PMID: 34589402 PMCID: PMC8463273 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in colonic macrophages strongly associates with the occurrence and progression of ulcerative colitis. Although targeting NLRP3 inflammasome has been considered to be a potential therapy, the underlying mechanism through which pathway the intestinal inflammation is modulated remains controversial. By focusing on the flavonoid lonicerin, one of the most abundant constituents existed in a long historical anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious herb Lonicera japonica Thunb., here we report its therapeutic effect on intestinal inflammation by binding directly to enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) histone methyltransferase. EZH2-mediated modification of H3K27me3 promotes the expression of autophagy-related protein 5, which in turn leads to enhanced autophagy and accelerates autolysosome-mediated NLRP3 degradation. Mutations of EZH2 residues (His129 and Arg685) indicated by the dynamic simulation study have found to greatly diminish the protective effect of lonicerin. More importantly, in vivo studies verify that lonicerin dose-dependently disrupts the NLRP3–ASC–pro-caspase-1 complex assembly and alleviates colitis, which is compromised by administration of EZH2 overexpression plasmid. Thus, these findings together put forth the stage for further considering lonicerin as an anti-inflammatory epigenetic agent and suggesting EZH2/ATG5/NLRP3 axis may serve as a novel strategy to prevent ulcerative colitis as well as other inflammatory diseases.
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Key Words
- 3-MC, 3-methylcholanthrene
- 5-ASA, 5-aminosalicylic acid
- AIM2, absent in melanoma 2
- ATG5, autophagy-related protein 5
- ATG7, autophagy-related protein 7
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Autophagy
- BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages
- CETSA, cellular thermal shift assay
- CHX, cycloheximide
- ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation
- Colitis
- DAI, disease activity index
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- DSS, dextran sulfate sodium
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- ECL, enhanced chemiluminescent
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EZH2
- EZH2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Lonicerin
- M-CSF, macrophage colony stimulating factor
- MDP, muramyldipeptide
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MSU, monosodium urate crystals
- NLRP3 inflammasome
- NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain-like receptors family pyrin domain containing 3
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PMA, phorbol myristate acetate
- PMSF, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride
- PRC2, polycomb repressive complex 2
- RMSD, root mean-square deviation
- RMSF, root mean-square fluctuation
- SIP, solvent-induced protein precipitation
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- UC, ulcerative colitis
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Sharma BR, Kanneganti TD. NLRP3 inflammasome in cancer and metabolic diseases. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:550-559. [PMID: 33707781 PMCID: PMC8132572 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 147.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric cytosolic protein complex that assembles in response to cellular perturbations. This assembly leads to the activation of caspase-1, which promotes maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, as well as inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). The inflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of systemic low-grade inflammation, and aberrant NLRP3 activation can drive a chronic inflammatory state in the body to modulate the pathogenesis of inflammation-associated diseases. Therefore, targeting NLRP3 or other signaling molecules downstream, such as caspase-1, IL-1β or IL-18, has the potential for great therapeutic benefit. However, NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory cytokines play dual roles in mediating human disease. While they are detrimental in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, they have a beneficial role in numerous infectious diseases and some cancers. Therefore, fine tuning of NLRP3 inflammasome activity is essential for maintaining proper cellular homeostasis and health. In this Review, we will cover the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its divergent roles in the pathogenesis of inflammation-associated diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes and obesity, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA,Correspondence to: Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, MS #351, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105-3678, Tel: (901) 595-3634; Fax. (901) 595-5766.,
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18
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Khatri V, Kalyanasundaram R. Therapeutic implications of inflammasome in inflammatory bowel disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21439. [PMID: 33774860 PMCID: PMC8010917 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002622r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains a persistent health problem with a global burden surging over 6.8 million cases currently. Clinical pathology of IBD is complicated; however, hyperactive inflammatory and immune responses in the gut is shown to be one of the persistent causes of the disease. Human gut inflammasome, the activator of innate immune system is believed to be a primary underlying cause for the pathology and is largely associated with the progression of IBD. To manage IBD, there is a need to fully understand the role of inflammasome activation in IBD. Since inflammasome potentially play a significant role in IBD, systemic modulation of inflammasome may provide an effective therapeutic and clinical approach to control IBD symptoms. In this review, we have focused on this association between IBD and gut inflammasome, and recent advances in the research and therapeutic strategies for IBD. We have discussed inflammasomes and their components, outcomes from the experimental animals and human studies, inflammasome inhibitors, and developments in the inflammasome-targeted therapies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Khatri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
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19
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Iljazovic A, Roy U, Gálvez EJC, Lesker TR, Zhao B, Gronow A, Amend L, Will SE, Hofmann JD, Pils MC, Schmidt-Hohagen K, Neumann-Schaal M, Strowig T. Perturbation of the gut microbiome by Prevotella spp. enhances host susceptibility to mucosal inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:113-124. [PMID: 32433514 PMCID: PMC7790746 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diverse microbial signatures within the intestinal microbiota have been associated with intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases, but whether these candidate microbes actively modulate host phenotypes or passively expand within the altered microbial ecosystem is frequently not known. Here we demonstrate that colonization of mice with a member of the genus Prevotella, which has been previously associated to colitis in mice, exacerbates intestinal inflammation. Our analysis revealed that Prevotella intestinalis alters composition and function of the ecosystem resulting in a reduction of short-chain fatty acids, specifically acetate, and consequently a decrease in intestinal IL-18 levels during steady state. Supplementation of IL-18 to Prevotella-colonized mice was sufficient to reduce intestinal inflammation. Hence, we conclude that intestinal Prevotella colonization results in metabolic changes in the microbiota, which reduce IL-18 production and consequently exacerbate intestinal inflammation, and potential systemic autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Iljazovic
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Urmi Roy
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eric J C Gálvez
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bei Zhao
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Achim Gronow
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lena Amend
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sabine E Will
- Bacterial Metabolomics, Leibniz institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julia D Hofmann
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina C Pils
- Mouse Pathology, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schmidt-Hohagen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Meina Neumann-Schaal
- Bacterial Metabolomics, Leibniz institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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20
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The RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin regulates RALDH2 expression by intestinal dendritic cells and controls local Treg homeostasis. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:80-91. [PMID: 32467605 PMCID: PMC9386908 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AU-rich element (ARE)-mediated mRNA decay represents a key mechanism to avoid excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Tristetraprolin (TTP, encoded by Zfp36) is a major ARE-binding protein, since Zfp36-/- mice develop a complex multiorgan inflammatory syndrome that shares many features with spondyloarthritis. The role of TTP in intestinal homeostasis is not known. Herein, we show that Zfp36-/- mice do not develop any histological signs of gut pathology. However, they display a clear increase in intestinal inflammatory markers and discrete alterations in microbiota composition. Importantly, oral antibiotic treatment reduced both local and systemic joint and skin inflammation. We further show that absence of overt intestinal pathology is associated with local expansion of regulatory T cells. We demonstrate that this is related to increased vitamin A metabolism by gut dendritic cells, and identify RALDH2 as a direct target of TTP. In conclusion, these data bring insights into the interplay between microbiota-dependent gut and systemic inflammation during immune-mediated disorders, such as spondyloarthritis.
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21
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Effects of Resveratrol on Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Expression in Mast Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 57:medicina57010021. [PMID: 33379407 PMCID: PMC7824250 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Resveratrol (RSV) exerts various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer. Although, it has been verified the beneficial effects of RSV on various subjects, the effect of RSV on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) regulation has not been elucidated. Materials and Methods: Here, we examined how RSV regulates TSLP in HMC-1 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and calcium assay were performed to evaluate the effect of RSV. Results: TSLP production and mRNA expression were reduced by RSV. RSV down-regulated nuclear factor-κB activation, IκBα phosphorylation as well as activation of receptor-interacting protein2 and caspase-1 in HMC-1 cells. In addition, RSV treatment decreased the up-regulation of intracellular calcium in HMC-1 cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that RSV might be useful for the treatment of atopic diseases through blocking of TSLP.
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22
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Wagatsuma K, Nakase H. Contradictory Effects of NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulatory Mechanisms in Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218145. [PMID: 33143375 PMCID: PMC7662299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is an intracellular molecular complex, which is mainly involved in innate immunity. Inflammasomes are formed in response to danger signals, associated with infection and injury, and mainly regulate the secretion of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. Inflammasome dysregulation is known to be associated with various diseases and conditions, and its regulatory mechanisms have become of great interest in recent years. In the colon, inflammasomes have been reported to be associated with autophagy and the microbiota, and their dysregulation contributes to colitis and. However, the detailed role of inflammasomes in inflammatory bowel disease is still under debate because the mechanisms that regulate the inflammasome are complex and the inflammasome components and cytokines show seemingly contradictory multiple effects. Herein, we comprehensively review the literature on inflammasome functioning in the colon and describe the complex interactions of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components with inflammatory cytokines, autophagy, and the microbiota in experimental colitis models and patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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23
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Hou XD, Yan N, Du YM, Liang H, Zhang ZF, Yuan XL. Consumption of Wild Rice ( Zizania latifolia) Prevents Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease through the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5375. [PMID: 32751062 PMCID: PMC7432455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to excess weight and obesity threatens public health worldwide. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to obesity and related diseases. The cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of wild rice have been reported in several studies; however, whether it has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota is unknown. Here, we show that wild rice reduces body weight, liver steatosis, and low-grade inflammation, and improves insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing demonstrated that wild rice treatment significantly changed the gut microbiota composition in mice fed an HFD. The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were notably decreased upon wild rice consumption. Compared with a normal chow diet (NCD), HFD feeding altered 117 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and wild rice supplementation reversed 90 OTUs to the configuration in the NCD group. Overall, our results suggest that wild rice may be used as a probiotic agent to reverse HFD-induced MAFLD through the modulation of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Hou
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.-D.H.); (N.Y.); (Y.-M.D.); (Z.-F.Z.)
| | - Ning Yan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.-D.H.); (N.Y.); (Y.-M.D.); (Z.-F.Z.)
| | - Yong-Mei Du
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.-D.H.); (N.Y.); (Y.-M.D.); (Z.-F.Z.)
| | - Hui Liang
- College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266101, China;
| | - Zhong-Feng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.-D.H.); (N.Y.); (Y.-M.D.); (Z.-F.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Long Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.-D.H.); (N.Y.); (Y.-M.D.); (Z.-F.Z.)
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24
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Moon PD, Han NR, Lee JS, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. p-coumaric acid, an active ingredient of Panax ginseng, ameliolates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions through inhibition of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in mice. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:176-182. [PMID: 33437169 PMCID: PMC7790890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with chronic skin inflammatory reactions. p-coumaric acid (pCA) is an active ingredient of Panax ginseng Meyer (Araliaceae). Methods Here, we estimated an anti-AD effect of pCA on activated mast cells, activated splenocytes, and a mouse model of AD. Cytokines levels were measured by ELISA and protein activation was analyzed by Western blotting. 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was used to induce AD-like skin lesions. Results The treatment with pCA suppressed the productions and mRNA expressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), TNF-ɑ, IL-6, and IL-1β in HMC-1 cells. pCA downregulated the expressions of RIP2 and caspase-1, phosphorylated-(p)p38/pJNK/pERK, and pIKKβ/pIkBɑ/NF-κB in HMC-1 cells. pCA also decreased the productions of TSLP, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the supernatant of stimulated splenic cells. Comparing to DNFB-sensitized control group, pCA-treated group alleviated pathological changes of AD-like lesions. pCA decreased the proteins and mRNA expressions levels of TSLP, IL-6, and IL-4 in the skin lesions. Caspase-1 activation was also downregulated by pCA treatment in the AD-like lesions. The serum levels of histamine, IgE, TSLP, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, and IL-4 were suppressed following treatment with pCA. Conclusion This study suggests that pCA has the potential to improve AD by suppressing TSLP as well as inflammatory cytokines via blocking of caspase-1/NF-κB signal cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Division of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, BioChip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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25
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Fung TC. The microbiota-immune axis as a central mediator of gut-brain communication. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 136:104714. [PMID: 31846737 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammatory disorders are associated with neurophysiological and behavioral symptoms. Conversely, many disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are accompanied by intestinal complications. These observations suggest that intestinal and nervous system physiologies are functionally linked. Indeed, a growing body of literature has revealed multiple pathways mediating bidirectional communication between the intestine and the CNS, collectively referred to as the gut-brain axis. In particular, microbes naturally colonizing the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract, termed the gut microbiota, not only correlate with but also play a causative role in regulating CNS function, development and host behavior. Despite these findings, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate gut-brain communication remains in its infancy. However, members of the gut microbiota have been established as potent modulators of intestinal, systemic and CNS-resident immune cell function, suggesting that gut-brain interactions may involve the host immune system. Multiple CNS disorders with gut microbiota associations, including neuroinflammatory, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, also have significant inflammatory manifestations. In this review, I discuss recent advances exploring the role of microbiota-immune interactions as a critical regulator of the gut-brain axis in the context of CNS and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Fung
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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26
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Yu ZW, Zhang J, Li X, Wang Y, Fu YH, Gao XY. A new research hot spot: The role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, a key step in pyroptosis, in diabetes and diabetic complications. Life Sci 2019; 240:117138. [PMID: 31809715 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of cell death mediated by gasdermin D (GSDMD); it is characterised by NLRP3 inflammasome activation, caspase activation, cell membrane pore formation, and the release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a central role in pyroptosis. Recent research has suggested that NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. This finding provided the impetus for us to clarify the significance of pyroptosis in diabetes. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in pyroptosis, as well as recent advances in the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in the development of diabetes and diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu-Hong Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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27
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Talley S, Kalinina O, Winek M, Paik W, Cannon AR, Alonzo F, Choudhry MA, Knight KL, Campbell EM. A Caspase-1 Biosensor to Monitor the Progression of Inflammation In Vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2497-2507. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Lipinski S, Pfeuffer S, Arnold P, Treitz C, Aden K, Ebsen H, Falk-Paulsen M, Gisch N, Fazio A, Kuiper J, Luzius A, Billmann-Born S, Schreiber S, Nuñez G, Beer HD, Strowig T, Lamkanfi M, Tholey A, Rosenstiel P. Prdx4 limits caspase-1 activation and restricts inflammasome-mediated signaling by extracellular vesicles. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101266. [PMID: 31544965 PMCID: PMC6792017 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic protein complexes, which orchestrate the maturation of active IL‐1β by proteolytic cleavage via caspase‐1. Although many principles of inflammasome activation have been described, mechanisms that limit inflammasome‐dependent immune responses remain poorly defined. Here, we show that the thiol‐specific peroxidase peroxiredoxin‐4 (Prdx4) directly regulates IL‐1β generation by interfering with caspase‐1 activity. We demonstrate that caspase‐1 and Prdx4 form a redox‐sensitive regulatory complex via caspase‐1 cysteine 397 that leads to caspase‐1 sequestration and inactivation. Mice lacking Prdx4 show an increased susceptibility to LPS‐induced septic shock. This effect was phenocopied in mice carrying a conditional deletion of Prdx4 in the myeloid lineage (Prdx4‐ΔLysMCre). Strikingly, we demonstrate that Prdx4 co‐localizes with inflammasome components in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from inflammasome‐activated macrophages. Purified EVs are able to transmit a robust IL‐1β‐dependent inflammatory response in vitro and also in recipient mice in vivo. Loss of Prdx4 boosts the pro‐inflammatory potential of EVs. These findings identify Prdx4 as a critical regulator of inflammasome activity and provide new insights into remote cell‐to‐cell communication function of inflammasomes via macrophage‐derived EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lipinski
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Steffen Pfeuffer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Anatomical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Treitz
- Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henriette Ebsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Falk-Paulsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolas Gisch
- Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Antonella Fazio
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Kuiper
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anne Luzius
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Billmann-Born
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gabriel Nuñez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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29
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McEntee CP, Finlay CM, Lavelle EC. Divergent Roles for the IL-1 Family in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1266. [PMID: 31231388 PMCID: PMC6568214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory disorders of the gastro-intestinal tract are a major cause of morbidity and significant burden from a health and economic perspective in industrialized countries. While the incidence of such conditions has a strong environmental component, in particular dietary composition, epidemiological studies have identified specific hereditary mutations which result in disequilibrium between pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. The IL-1 super-family of cytokines and receptors is highly pleiotropic and plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of several auto-inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. However, the role of this super-family in the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases remains incompletely resolved despite extensive research. Herein, we highlight the currently accepted paradigms as they pertain to specific IL-1 family members and focus on some recently described non-classical roles for these pathways in the gastrointestinal tract. Finally, we address some of the shortcomings and sources of variance in the field which to date have yielded several conflicting results from similar studies and discuss the potential effect of these factors on data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P McEntee
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conor M Finlay
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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30
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Ji J, Ge X, Chen Y, Zhu B, Wu Q, Zhang J, Shan J, Cheng H, Shi L. Daphnetin ameliorates experimental colitis by modulating microbiota composition and T reg/T h17 balance. FASEB J 2019; 33:9308-9322. [PMID: 31145641 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802659rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic pathologies associated with extensive gut dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation. Hence, endeavors to improve the inflammatory pathology by manipulating gut microbiota are ongoing. Daphnetin (DAPH) is a coumarin derivative extracted from Daphne odora var with anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties that has been widely used in treating inflammatory disorders. Herein, we showed that DAPH remarkably alleviated experimental colitis by reducing colonic inflammation, improving colonic integrity, and reestablishing immune and metabolic homeostasis in the inflicted intestines. Our analysis showed that DAPH modified the composition of gut microbiota and altered the metabolic profiles in dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice. In particular, this agent significantly elevated the abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota, causatively related with the enhanced development of Treg cells and the reduced proinflammatory Th17 cell differentiation. More critically, the protective effect of DAPH was shown to be transmissible among colitic mice through cohousing or fecal microbiota transplantation, further substantiating the importance of SCFA-producing gut microbiota in DAPH action. We thus for the first time reveal the potential of DAPH in resetting the gut microbiome and reestablishing immune homeostasis in colitic mice, which may have clinical implications for treating IBD.-Ji, J., Ge, X., Chen, Y., Zhu, B., Wu, Q., Zhang, J., Shan, J., Cheng, H., Shi, L. Daphnetin ameliorates experimental colitis by modulating microbiota composition and Treg/Th17 balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Ji
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Medical and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyin Ge
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Medical and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yugen Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Medical and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Centers of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Medical and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, School of Medical and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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31
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Wang Y, Hatabu T. Mulberry juice freeze-dried powder attenuates the disease severity by the maintaining of colon mucosa in mice with DSS-induced acute colitis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:914-922. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1580135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the microbial compositions and gene expression related to inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis and the effect of mulberry supplementation. Male BALB/c mice received a diet supplemented with mulberry juice freeze-dried powder (MFP) or not for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, the mice received water containing 5% (w/v) DSS or not for 1 week. The disease activity index score in mice fed MFP was significantly decreased. A significant decrease in Bifidobacterium spp. and the Clostridium perfringens subgroup was observed in mice not fed MFP. The number of goblet cell and NLRP6 expression were observed in mice fed a diet supplemented with MFP compared with mice not fed MFP. These results may indicate that mulberry mitigates DSS-induced acute colitis by a changing the gut microbial flora and by improving mucosal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Hatabu
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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32
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Moon PD, Han NR, Lee JS, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Ursolic acid downregulates thymic stromal lymphopoietin through the blockade of intracellular calcium/caspase‑1/NF‑κB signaling cascade in HMC‑1 cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:2252-2258. [PMID: 30976816 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays an important role in allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis and asthma. Ursolic acid (UA) has various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anticancer. However, the effect of UA on TSLP regulation has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to analyze how UA regulates the production of TSLP in the human mast cell line HMC‑1. Enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blotting, caspase‑1 assay and fluorescent measurements of intracellular calcium levels were conducted to analyze the regulatory effects of UA. The results revealed that UA inhibited TSLP production and mRNA expression. In addition, UA reduced the activation of nuclear factor‑κB and degradation of IκBα. Caspase‑1 activity was increased by exposure to phorbol myristate acetate plus calcium ionophore, whereas it was reduced by UA. Finally, UA treatment prevented an increase in intracellular calcium levels. These results indicated that UA may be a useful agent for the treatment and/or prevention of atopic and inflammatory diseases, and its effects are likely mediated by TSLP downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Research Institute for Basic Science, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, Republic of Korea
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Use of Physcion to Improve Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions through Blocking of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081484. [PMID: 30991764 PMCID: PMC6514936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physcion is well known for the treatment of carcinoma. However, the therapeutic effect of physcion on atopic dermatitis (AD) through the inhibition of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) level remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-AD effect of physcion using HMC-1 cells, splenocytes, and a murine model. Treatment with physcion decreased production and mRNA expression levels of TSLP, IL-6, TNF-ɑ, and IL-1β in activated HMC-1 cells. Physcion reduced the expression levels of RIP2/caspase-1 and phospho (p)ERK/pJNK/pp38 in activated HMC-1 cells. Physcion suppressed the expression levels of pIKKβ/NF-κB/pIkB in activated HMC-1 cells. Moreover, physcion attenuated the production levels of TSLP, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-, and IFN-γ from activated splenocytes. Oral administration of physcion improved the severity of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD-like lesional skin through reducing infiltration of inflammatory cells and mast cells, and the protein and mRNA levels of TSLP, IL-4, and IL-6 in the lesional skin tissues. Physcion attenuated histamine, IgE, TSLP, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF- levels in serum. In addition, physcion inhibited caspase-1 activation in the lesional skin tissues. These findings indicate that physcion could ameliorate AD-like skin lesions by inhibiting TSLP levels via caspase-1/MAPKs/NF-kB signalings, which would provide experimental evidence of the therapeutic potential of physcion for AD.
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are molecular platforms that assemble upon sensing various intracellular stimuli. Inflammasome assembly leads to activation of caspase 1, thereby promoting the secretion of bioactive interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and inducing an inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. Effectors of the inflammasome efficiently drive an immune response, primarily providing protection against microbial infections and mediating control over sterile insults. However, aberrant inflammasome signalling is associated with pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, neurodegeneration and malignancies. Chronic inflammation perpetuated by inflammasome activation plays a central role in all stages of tumorigenesis, including immunosuppression, proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Conversely, inflammasome signalling also contributes to tumour suppression by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, which portrays the diverse roles of inflammasomes in tumorigenesis. Studies have underscored the importance of environmental factors, such as diet and gut microbiota, in inflammasome signalling, which in turn influences tumorigenesis. In this Review, we deliver an overview of the interplay between inflammasomes and tumorigenesis and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Lagkouvardos I, Lesker TR, Hitch TCA, Gálvez EJC, Smit N, Neuhaus K, Wang J, Baines JF, Abt B, Stecher B, Overmann J, Strowig T, Clavel T. Sequence and cultivation study of Muribaculaceae reveals novel species, host preference, and functional potential of this yet undescribed family. MICROBIOME 2019; 7:28. [PMID: 30782206 PMCID: PMC6381624 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria within family S24-7 (phylum Bacteroidetes) are dominant in the mouse gut microbiota and detected in the intestine of other animals. Because they had not been cultured until recently and the family classification is still ambiguous, interaction with their host was difficult to study and confusion still exists regarding sequence data annotation. METHODS We investigated family S24-7 by combining data from large-scale 16S rRNA gene analysis and from functional and taxonomic studies of metagenomic and cultured species. RESULTS A total of 685 species was inferred by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence clustering. While many species could not be assigned ecological habitats (93,045 samples analyzed), the mouse was the most commonly identified host (average of 20% relative abundance and nine co-occurring species). Shotgun metagenomics allowed reconstruction of 59 molecular species, of which 34 were representative of the 16S rRNA gene-derived species clusters. In addition, cultivation efforts allowed isolating five strains representing three species, including two novel taxa. Genome analysis revealed that S24-7 spp. are functionally distinct from neighboring families and versatile with respect to complex carbohydrate degradation. CONCLUSIONS We provide novel data on the diversity, ecology, and description of bacterial family S24-7, for which the name Muribaculaceae is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Lagkouvardos
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Till R. Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas C. A. Hitch
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Eric J. C. Gálvez
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nathiana Smit
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Neuhaus
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jun Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - John F. Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Birte Abt
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner sites Hannover-Braunschweig and Munich, Germany
| | - Bärbel Stecher
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner sites Hannover-Braunschweig and Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner sites Hannover-Braunschweig and Munich, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Clavel
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Visscher C, Hankel J, Nies A, Keller B, Galvez E, Strowig T, Keller C, Breves G. Performance, Fermentation Characteristics and Composition of the Microbiome in the Digest of Piglets Kept on a Feed With Humic Acid-Rich Peat. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:29. [PMID: 30809530 PMCID: PMC6380164 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from breast milk to solid feed is a dramatic change in the nutrition of piglets, frequently necessitating antibiotic treatment. In efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics, dietetic concepts based on natural feed additives are becoming more and more important. In the present study, experiments were carried out with 15 rearing piglets (days 28–56) divided into three groups that were offered different diets (Ctr [0% peat]; H1.5 [1.5% peat]; and H3.0 [3.0% peat] based on a commercial weaner recipe; all ~178 g CP, 13.7 MJ ME, 13.3 g Lys, as-fed). The contents of cecal and colon digesta were removed at necropsy. The gas formation (4 h) in colon digesta was measured using in vitro batch fermenters. For microbiome studies, 16S rRNA amplification was performed within the hypervariable region V 4 and sequenced with Illumina MiSeq platform. DNA read mapping and statistical analysis were performed using QIIME (version 1.8.0), MicrobiomeAnalyst, RStudio, and SAS Enterprise Guide. The mean body weight of the animals at the end of the trial did not show statistical differences (in kg: Ctr: 26.1 ± 4.85, H1.5: 28.5 ± 3.41, H3.0: 26.2 ± 4.92). The daily weight gains were high for this age (in g/day; Ctr: 607 ± 157; H1.5: 692 ± 101; H3.0: 615 ± 113) and the feed to gain ratio low (in kg/kg; Ctr: 1.538; H1.5: 1.462; H3.0: 1.462). Concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in the cecal content were significantly lower when peat was used (mmol/kg wet weight; Ctr: 173 ± 30.0; H1.5:134 ± 15.0; H3.0:133 ± 17.3). Numerical differences were found in the gas formation (in mL gas per 10 mL batch in 4 h; Ctr: 7.9 ± 2.2; H1.5: 7.4 ± 2.4; H3.0: 6.6 ± 1.1). The microbiome analyses in the cecal content showed significantly higher values for alpha diversity Chao 1 index for samples from the control group. Significant differences were found for bacterial relative abundance for Tenericutes at phylum level and Mollicutes at class level (p < 0.05) in cecal microbiota. Therefore, there was initial evidence that peat influences intestinal microflora causing a shift in the overall concentration of fermentation products in both, the cecal and the colon content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Hankel
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Nies
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Keller
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eric Galvez
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Keller
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center GmbH & Co. KG, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Breves
- Institute for Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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Wullaert A, Lamkanfi M, McCoy KD. Defining the Impact of Host Genotypes on Microbiota Composition Requires Meticulous Control of Experimental Variables. Immunity 2019; 48:605-607. [PMID: 29669239 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Wullaert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Janssen Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340-Beerse, Belgium
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Gastrointestinal Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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38
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Mao L, Kitani A, Strober W, Fuss IJ. The Role of NLRP3 and IL-1β in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2566. [PMID: 30455704 PMCID: PMC6230716 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is logical to assume that a major pro-inflammatory mechanism, i.e., the NLRP3 inflammasome would play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in humans. However, while both studies of murine models of gut disease and patients provide data that the main cytokine product generated by this inflammasome, IL-1β, does in fact contribute to inflammation in IBD, there is no evidence that IL-1β plays a decisive or prominent role in "ordinary" patients with IBD (Crohn's disease). On the other hand, there are several definable point mutations that result in over-active NLRP3 inflammasome activity and in these cases, the gut inflammation is driven by IL-1β and is treatable by biologic agents that block the effects of this cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ivan J. Fuss
- Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Fan TJ, Tchaptchet SY, Arsene D, Mishima Y, Liu B, Sartor RB, Carroll IM, Miao EA, Fodor AA, Hansen JJ. Environmental Factors Modify the Severity of Acute DSS Colitis in Caspase-11-Deficient Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:2394-2403. [PMID: 30312415 PMCID: PMC6185382 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human and mouse studies implicate the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, though the effects in mice are variable. The noncanonical inflammasome activator caspase-11 (Casp11) reportedly attenuates acute dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis in mice. However, the effects of Casp11 on chronic experimental colitis and factors that influence the impact of Casp11 on acute DSS colitis are unknown. METHODS We studied the role of Casp11 in Il10-/- mice and acute and chronic DSS colitis mouse models. We quantified colonic Casp11 mRNA using quantative polymerase chain reaction and colitis using weight loss, blinded histological scoring, IL-12/23p40 secretion by colonic explants, and fecal lipocalin-2. We determined fecal microbial composition using 16S amplicon sequencing. RESULTS We detected increased colonic Casp11 mRNA in Il10-/- mice with chronic colitis, but not in mice with DSS colitis. The presence of Casp11 did not alter the severity of chronic colitis in DSS-treated or Il10-/- mice. Contrary to prior reports, we initially observed that Casp11 exacerbates acute DSS colitis. Subsequent experiments in the same animal facility revealed no effect of Casp11 on acute DSS colitis. There were pronounced stochastic changes in the fecal microbiome over this time. The majority of bacterial taxa that changed over time in wild-type vs Casp11-/- mice belong to the Clostridiales. CONCLUSIONS Casp11 does not impact chronic experimental colitis, and its effects on acute DSS colitis vary with environmental factors including the microbiota, particularly Clostridiales. Stochastic drifts in intestinal microbiota composition, even in mice in the same housing facility, should be considered when interpreting studies of acute DSS colitis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Jia Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sandrine Y Tchaptchet
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Diana Arsene
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Yoshiyuki Mishima
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Bo Liu
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ian M Carroll
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Edward A Miao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anthony A Fodor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan J Hansen
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Address correspondence to: Jonathan J. Hansen, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 7341 MBRB, CB 7032, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7032 ()
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Shao X, Wang B, Mu K, Li L, Li Q, He W, Yao Q, Jia X, Zhang JA. Key gene co-expression modules and functional pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 474:252-259. [PMID: 29614339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is a common autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by positive thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody. To better understand its molecular pathogenesis, we adopted the weighted gene co-expression network analysis to reveal co-expression modules of key genes involved in the pathogenesis of GD, protein-protein interaction network analysis to identify the hub genes related to GD development and functional analyses to explore their possible functions. Our results showed that 1) a total of 2667 differentially expressed genes in our microarray study and 16 different gene co-expression modules were associated with GD, and 2) the most significant module was associated with the percentage of macrophages, T follicular helper cells and CD4+ memory T cells and mainly enriched in immune regulation and immune response. Overall, our study reveals several key gene co-expression modules and functional pathways involved in GD, which provides some novel insights into the pathogenesis of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Kaida Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qiuming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xi Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jin-An Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China.
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NLRP1 restricts butyrate producing commensals to exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3728. [PMID: 30214011 PMCID: PMC6137172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial signaling pathways are normally triggered by innate immune receptors when detecting pathogenic microbes to provide protective immunity. Here we show that the inflammasome sensor Nlrp1 aggravates DSS-induced experimental mouse colitis by limiting beneficial, butyrate-producing Clostridiales in the gut. The colitis-protective effects of Nlrp1 deficiency are thus reversed by vancomycin treatment, but recapitulated with butyrate supplementation in wild-type mice. Moreover, an activating mutation in Nlrp1a increases IL-18 and IFNγ production, and decreases colonic butyrate to exacerbate colitis. We also show that, in patients with ulcerative colitis, increased NLRP1 in inflamed regions of the colon is associated with increased IFN-γ. In this context, NLRP1, IL-18 or IFN-γ expression negatively correlates with the abundance of Clostridiales in human rectal mucosal biopsies. Our data identify the NLRP1 inflammasome to be a key negative regulator of protective, butyrate-producing commensals, which therefore promotes inflammatory bowel disease.
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NLRP3 inflammasome in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:817-830. [DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Palazon-Riquelme P, Lopez-Castejon G. The inflammasomes, immune guardians at defence barriers. Immunology 2018; 155:320-330. [PMID: 30098204 PMCID: PMC6187212 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of its strategic location, the epithelium is constantly exposed to a wide variety of pathogen and danger signals. Traditionally, the epithelium has been perceived as a defensive but passive barrier; however, it has now become evident that the epithelium senses and actively responds to these signals in order to maintain barrier homeostasis and contributes to the inflammatory response. One way it does this is by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. These two cytokines are synthesized as inactive precursors, the maturation of which is mediated by pro-inflammatory caspases after the activation and assembly of macromolecular complexes called inflammasomes. Epithelial cells express a large panel of inflammasome components, and although the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of these complexes in haematopoietic cells are well understood, how epithelial cells react to danger signals to activate the inflammasome remains unclear. We review and discuss how different inflammasomes contribute to barrier homeostasis and inflammation at several barrier sites, their mechanisms and how their aberrant regulation contributes to disease at the different epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Palazon-Riquelme
- International Centre for Infectiology Research, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,Manchester Collaborative Centre of Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gloria Lopez-Castejon
- Manchester Collaborative Centre of Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Mamantopoulos M, Ronchi F, McCoy KD, Wullaert A. Inflammasomes make the case for littermate-controlled experimental design in studying host-microbiota interactions. Gut Microbes 2018; 9:374-381. [PMID: 29672197 PMCID: PMC6219641 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1421888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human diseases are thought to evolve due to a combination of host genetic mutations and environmental factors that include alterations in intestinal microbiota composition termed dysbiosis. Although in some cases, host genetics may shape the gut microbiota and enable it to provoke disease, experimentally disentangling cause and consequence in such host-microbe interactions requires strict control over non-genetic confounding factors. Mouse genetic studies previously proposed Nlrp6/ASC inflammasomes as innate immunity regulators of the intestinal ecosystem. In contrast, using littermate-controlled experimental setups, we recently showed that Nlrp6/ASC inflammasomes do not alter the gut microbiota composition. Our analyses indicated that maternal inheritance and long-term separate housing are non-genetic confounders that preclude the use of non-littermate mice when analyzing host genetic effects on intestinal ecology. Here, we summarize and discuss our gut microbiota analyses in inflammasome-deficient mice for illustrating the importance of littermate experimental design in studying host-microbiota interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Mamantopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francesca Ronchi
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Inselspital, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kathy D. McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Gastrointestinal Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andy Wullaert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,CONTACT Andy Wullaert
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Abstract
Inflammasome signalling is an emerging pillar of innate immunity and has a central role in the regulation of gastrointestinal health and disease. Activation of the inflammasome complex mediates both the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and the execution of a form of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. In most cases, these mediators of inflammation provide protection against bacterial, viral and protozoal infections. However, unchecked inflammasome activities perpetuate chronic inflammation, which underpins the molecular and pathophysiological basis of gastritis, IBD, upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity. Studies have also highlighted an inflammasome signature in the maintenance of gut microbiota and gut-brain homeostasis. Harnessing the immunomodulatory properties of the inflammasome could transform clinical practice in the treatment of acute and chronic gastrointestinal and extragastrointestinal diseases. This Review presents an overview of inflammasome biology in gastrointestinal health and disease and describes the value of experimental and pharmacological intervention in the treatment of inflammasome-associated clinical manifestations.
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46
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Gálvez EJC, Iljazovic A, Gronow A, Flavell R, Strowig T. Shaping of Intestinal Microbiota in Nlrp6- and Rag2-Deficient Mice Depends on Community Structure. Cell Rep 2017; 21:3914-3926. [PMID: 29281837 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Contradicting observations have been made regarding the relative contributions of immune sensors to shaping the microbiome, yet the reasons for these discrepancies are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the contribution of environmental factors in shaping the microbiome in mice deficient in adaptive immunity (Rag2-/-) and Nlrp6, an immune sensor proposed to be involved in regulation of microbiota composition. In conventionally housed Nlrp6-/- mice, familial transmission has a significant effect on microbiota composition, complicating the analysis of genotype-dependent effects. Notably, after rederivation into standardized specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions devoid of pathobionts, microbiota composition was indistinguishable between WT, Rag2-/-, and Nlrp6-/- mice. However, upon reintroduction of a pathobiont-containing community host, genotype-dependent differences reappear, specifically affecting the relative abundance of pathobionts such as Helicobacter spp. Our results show that the impact of Nlrp6 and also of adaptive immunity on microbiota composition depends on community structure and primarily influences pathobionts but not commensals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J C Gálvez
- Research Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aida Iljazovic
- Research Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Achim Gronow
- Research Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Till Strowig
- Research Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Lei-Leston AC, Murphy AG, Maloy KJ. Epithelial Cell Inflammasomes in Intestinal Immunity and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1168. [PMID: 28979266 PMCID: PMC5611393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRR), such as NOD-like receptors (NLRs), sense conserved microbial signatures, and host danger signals leading to the coordination of appropriate immune responses. Upon activation, a subset of NLR initiate the assembly of a multimeric protein complex known as the inflammasome, which processes pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediates a specialized form of cell death known as pyroptosis. The identification of inflammasome-associated genes as inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility genes implicates a role for the inflammasome in intestinal inflammation. Despite the fact that the functional importance of inflammasomes within immune cells has been well established, the contribution of inflammasome expression in non-hematopoietic cells remains comparatively understudied. Given that intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) act as a barrier between the host and the intestinal microbiota, inflammasome expression by these cells is likely important for intestinal immune homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammasome plays a key role in shaping epithelial responses at the host-lumen interface with many inflammasome components highly expressed by IEC. Recent studies have exposed functional roles of IEC inflammasomes in mucosal immune defense, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we present the main features of the predominant inflammasomes and their effector mechanisms contributing to intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. We also discuss existing controversies in the field and open questions related to their implications in disease. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of intestinal inflammasome signaling could hold therapeutic potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Lei-Leston
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alison G Murphy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Maloy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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48
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are protein complexes formed upon encounter of microbial or damage-associated stimuli. The main output of inflammasome assembly is activation of caspase-1, a protease involved in both pro-inflammatory and host-protective responses. Defined bacterial or viral ligands have been identified for the inflammasome-forming receptors AIM2, NLRP1, and NLRC4. The signals activating other inflammasomes, NLRP3, NLRP6, and pyrin, are less well understood. Recent studies implicated several low-molecular-weight compounds traditionally linked to metabolism, not immunity, in modulation of inflammasome signaling. Furthermore, genetic, pharmacological, or pathogen-mediated interference with energy metabolism also affects inflammasome activation. Here we review the findings on how microbial- and host-derived metabolites regulate activation of the NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasomes. We discuss the different models of how glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism control the NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, we summarize the findings on metabolic control of pyrin and point to open questions to be addressed to broaden our understanding of metabolism-inflammasome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Próchnicki
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; Centre for Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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