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McKimpson WM, Spiegel S, Mukhanova M, Kraakman M, Du W, Kitamoto T, Yu J, Deng Z, Pajvani U, Accili D. Calorie restriction activates a gastric Notch-FOXO1 pathway to expand ghrelin cells. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305093. [PMID: 38958606 PMCID: PMC11222742 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction increases lifespan. Among the tissue-specific protective effects of calorie restriction, the impact on the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. We report increased numbers of chromogranin A-positive (+), including orexigenic ghrelin+ cells, in the stomach of calorie-restricted mice. This effect was accompanied by increased Notch target Hes1 and Notch ligand Jag1 and was reversed by blocking Notch with DAPT, a gamma-secretase inhibitor. Primary cultures and genetically modified reporter mice show that increased endocrine cell abundance is due to altered Lgr5+ stem and Neurog3+ endocrine progenitor cell proliferation. Different from the intestine, calorie restriction decreased gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, while increasing a FOXO1/Neurog3+ subpopulation of endocrine progenitors in a Notch-dependent manner. Further, activation of FOXO1 was sufficient to promote endocrine cell differentiation independent of Notch. The Notch inhibitor PF-03084014 or ghrelin receptor antagonist GHRP-6 reversed the phenotypic effects of calorie restriction in mice. Tirzepatide additionally expanded ghrelin+ cells in mice. In summary, calorie restriction promotes Notch-dependent, FOXO1-regulated gastric endocrine cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M. McKimpson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophia Spiegel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Mukhanova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kraakman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhaobin Deng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Utpal Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Gutierrez E, Mitchell S, Hambly C, Sayle KL, von Kriegsheim A, Speakman JR, Britton K. Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur elemental and isotopic variations in mouse hair and bone collagen during short-term graded calorie restriction. iScience 2024; 27:110059. [PMID: 38947513 PMCID: PMC11214416 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study characterized the effect of calorie restriction (CR) on elemental content and stable isotope ratio measurements of bone "collagen" and hair keratin. Adult mice on graded CR (10-40%; 84 days) showed decreased hair δ 15N, δ 13C, and δ 34S values (significantly for δ 15N) with increasing CR, alongside a significant increase in bone "collagen" δ 15N values and a decrease in "collagen" δ 13C values. We propose this was likely due to the intensified mobilization of endogenous proteins, as well as lipids in newly synthesized "collagen". Elemental analysis of bone "collagen" revealed decreased carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur % content with increasing CR which is attributed to a change in the in vivo bone "collagen" structure with extent of CR. This complexity challenges the use of elemental indicators in the assessment of collagen quality in archaeological studies where nutritional stress may be a factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléa Gutierrez
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB39 2PN, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2TZ, UK
- AASPE “Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique: Sociétés, Pratiques, Environnements”, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sharon Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Catherine Hambly
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Kerry L. Sayle
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland G75 0QF, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Scotland EH4 2XR, UK
| | - John R. Speakman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2TZ, UK
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Centre for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PRC
- Centre of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming, PRC
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PRC
| | - Kate Britton
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB39 2PN, UK
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3
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Ungvari A, Kiss T, Gulej R, Tarantini S, Csik B, Yabluchanskiy A, Mukli P, Csiszar A, Harris ML, Ungvari Z. Irradiation-induced hair graying in mice: an experimental model to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions targeting oxidative stress, DNA damage prevention, and cellular senescence. GeroScience 2024; 46:3105-3122. [PMID: 38182857 PMCID: PMC11009199 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hair graying, also known as canities or achromotrichia, is a natural phenomenon associated with aging and is influenced by external factors such as stress, environmental toxicants, and radiation exposure. Understanding the mechanisms underlying hair graying is an ideal approach for developing interventions to prevent or reverse age-related changes in regenerative tissues. Hair graying induced by ionizing radiation (γ-rays or X-rays) has emerged as a valuable experimental model to investigate the molecular pathways involved in this process. In this review, we examine the existing evidence on radiation-induced hair graying, with a particular focus on the potential role of radiation-induced cellular senescence. We explore the current understanding of hair graying in aging, delve into the underlying mechanisms, and highlight the unique advantages of using ionizing-irradiation-induced hair graying as a research model. By elucidating the molecular pathways involved, we aim to deepen our understanding of hair graying and potentially identify novel therapeutic targets to address this age-related phenotypic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamas Kiss
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Boglarka Csik
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melissa L Harris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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4
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Chinnapaka S, Malekzadeh H, Tirmizi Z, Ejaz A. Caloric restriction mitigates age-associated senescence characteristics in subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7535-7552. [PMID: 38728252 PMCID: PMC11131987 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue regulates metabolic balance, but aging disrupts it, shifting fat from insulin-sensitive subcutaneous to insulin-resistant visceral depots, impacting overall metabolic health. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are crucial for tissue regeneration, but aging diminishes their stemness and regeneration potential. Our findings reveal that aging is associated with a decrease in subcutaneous adipose tissue mass and an increase in the visceral fat depots mass. Aging is associated with increase in adipose tissue fibrosis but no significant change in adipocyte size was observed with age. Long term caloric restriction failed to prevent fibrotic changes but resulted in significant decrease in adipocytes size. Aged subcutaneous ASCs displayed an increased production of ROS. Using mitochondrial membrane activity as an indicator of stem cell quiescence and senescence, we observed a significant decrease in quiescence ASCs with age exclusively in subcutaneous adipose depot. In addition, aged subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulated more senescent ASCs having defective autophagy activity. However, long-term caloric restriction leads to a reduction in mitochondrial activity in ASCs. Furthermore, caloric restriction prevents the accumulation of senescent cells and helps retain autophagy activity in aging ASCs. These results suggest that caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics hold promise as a potential strategy to rejuvenate the stemness of aged ASCs. Further investigations, including in vivo evaluations using controlled interventions in animals and human studies, will be necessary to validate these findings and establish the clinical potential of this well-established approach for enhancing the stemness of aged stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaiah Chinnapaka
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Hamid Malekzadeh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zayaan Tirmizi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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5
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Matteini F, Montserrat-Vazquez S, Florian MC. Rejuvenating aged stem cells: therapeutic strategies to extend health and lifespan. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38604982 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a global decline in stem cell function. To date, several strategies have been proposed to rejuvenate aged stem cells: most of these result in functional improvement of the tissue where the stem cells reside, but the impact on the lifespan of the whole organism has been less clearly established. Here, we review some of the most recent work dealing with interventions that improve the regenerative capacity of aged somatic stem cells in mammals and that might have important translational possibilities. Overall, we underscore that somatic stem cell rejuvenation represents a strategy to improve tissue homeostasis upon aging and present some recent approaches with the potential to affect health span and lifespan of the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Matteini
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Program for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Montserrat-Vazquez
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Program for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Carolina Florian
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Program for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- The Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Gonzalez-Armenta JL, Bergstrom J, Lee J, Furdui CM, Nicklas BJ, Molina AJA. Serum factors mediate changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics associated with diet and exercise interventions. GeroScience 2024; 46:349-365. [PMID: 37368157 PMCID: PMC10828137 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial improvements resulting from behavioral interventions, such as diet and exercise, are systemic and apparent across multiple tissues. Here, we test the hypothesis that factors present in serum, and therefore circulating throughout the body, can mediate changes in mitochondrial function in response to intervention. To investigate this, we used stored serum from a clinical trial comparing resistance training (RT) and RT plus caloric restriction (RT + CR) to examine effects of blood borne circulating factors on myoblasts in vitro. We report that exposure to dilute serum is sufficient to mediate bioenergetic benefits of these interventions. Additionally, serum-mediated bioenergetic changes can differentiate between interventions, recapitulate sex differences in bioenergetic responses, and is linked to improvements in physical function and inflammation. Using metabolomics, we identified circulating factors associated with changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics and the effects of interventions. This study provides new evidence that circulating factors play a role in the beneficial effects of interventions that improve healthspan among older adults. Understanding the factors that drive improvements in mitochondrial function is a key step towards predicting intervention outcomes and developing strategies to countermand systemic age-related bioenergetic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Gonzalez-Armenta
- Section On Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jaclyn Bergstrom
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0665, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0665, USA
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Section On Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Section On Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0665, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0665, USA.
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7
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Qiu R, Qiu X, Su M, Sun M, Wang Y, Wu J, Wang H, Tang D, Tao S. Dietary Restriction Delays But Cannot Heal Irradiation-Induced Hair Graying by Preserving Hair Follicle Stem Cells in Quiescence. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:242-252. [PMID: 37933912 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage represents one of the cell intrinsic causes of stem cell aging, which leads to differentiation-induced removal of damaged stem cells in skin and blood. Dietary restriction (DR) retards aging across various species, including several strains of laboratory mice. Whether, DR has the potential to ameliorate DNA damage-driven stem cell exhaustion remains incompletely understood. In this study, we show that DR strongly extends the time to hair graying in response to γ-irradiation (ionizing radiation [IR])-induced DNA damage of C57BL/6 J mice. The study shows that DR prolongs resting phase of hair follicles. DR-mediated prolongation of hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) quiescence blocks hair growth and prevents the depletion of HFSCs and ckit+ melanoblasts in response to IR. However, prolongation of HFSC quiescence also correlates with a suppression of DNA repair and cannot prevent melanoblast loss and hair graying in the long run, when hair cycling is reinitiated even after extended periods of time. Altogether, these results support a model indicating that nutrient deprivation can delay but not heal DNA damage-driven extinction of melanoblasts by stalling HFSCs in a prolonged state of quiescence coupled with inhibition of DNA repair. Disconnecting these two types of responses to DR could have the potential to delay stem cell aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Qiu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Xingxing Qiu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Mingyue Su
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Man Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Jianying Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Duozhuang Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Si Tao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
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8
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Andersen OE, Poulsen JV, Farup J, de Morree A. Regulation of adult stem cell function by ketone bodies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1246998. [PMID: 37745291 PMCID: PMC10513036 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1246998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells play key roles in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Recent evidence suggests that dietary interventions can significantly impact adult stem cell function. Some of these effects depend on ketone bodies. Adult stem cells could therefore potentially be manipulated through dietary regimens or exogenous ketone body supplementation, a possibility with significant implications for regenerative medicine. In this review we discuss recent findings of the mechanisms by which ketone bodies could influence adult stem cells, including ketogenesis in adult stem cells, uptake and transport of circulating ketone bodies, receptor-mediated signaling, and changes to cellular metabolism. We also discuss the potential effects of ketone bodies on intracellular processes such as protein acetylation and post-transcriptional control of gene expression. The exploration of mechanisms underlying the effects of ketone bodies on stem cell function reveals potential therapeutic targets for tissue regeneration and age-related diseases and suggests future research directions in the field of ketone bodies and stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Emil Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jean Farup
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Dragan M, Chen Z, Li Y, Le J, Sun P, Haensel D, Sureshchandra S, Pham A, Lu E, Pham KT, Verlande A, Vu R, Gutierrez G, Li W, Jang C, Masri S, Dai X. Ovol1/2 loss-induced epidermal defects elicit skin immune activation and alter global metabolism. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56214. [PMID: 37249012 PMCID: PMC10328084 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin epidermis constitutes the outer permeability barrier that protects the body from dehydration, heat loss, and myriad external assaults. Mechanisms that maintain barrier integrity in constantly challenged adult skin and how epidermal dysregulation shapes the local immune microenvironment and whole-body metabolism remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that inducible and simultaneous ablation of transcription factor-encoding Ovol1 and Ovol2 in adult epidermis results in barrier dysregulation through impacting epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and inflammatory gene expression. We find that aberrant skin immune activation then ensues, featuring Langerhans cell mobilization and T cell responses, and leading to elevated levels of secreted inflammatory factors in circulation. Finally, we identify failure to gain body weight and accumulate body fat as long-term consequences of epidermal-specific Ovol1/2 loss and show that these global metabolic changes along with the skin barrier/immune defects are partially rescued by immunosuppressant dexamethasone. Collectively, our study reveals key regulators of adult barrier maintenance and suggests a causal connection between epidermal dysregulation and whole-body metabolism that is in part mediated through aberrant immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Dragan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Present address:
Institute of PsoriasisTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Daniel Haensel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Present address:
Program in Epithelial BiologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Anh Pham
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Eddie Lu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Katherine Thanh Pham
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Amandine Verlande
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Remy Vu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Guadalupe Gutierrez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- The NSF‐Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Dermatology, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
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10
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Odama M, Maegawa E, Suzuki K, Fujii Y, Maeda R, Murakami S, Ito T. Effects of Betulinic Acid on the Proliferation, Cellular Senescence, and Type 1 Interferon-Related Signaling Pathways in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6935-6943. [PMID: 37116884 PMCID: PMC10177962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoids, including betulinic acid (BA), and their glycosides are abundant in fruits such as Zizyphus sp., Dillenia sp., and Azanza sp. These compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities in human cells. Here, we investigated the effects of BA on the cellular proliferation and senescence of cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). BA treatment for 24-48 h increased the proliferation of low-passage young fibroblasts. Furthermore, BA reduced the proportion of senescent cells, as determined via the β-galactosidase assay of high-passage NHDFs. DNA microarray analysis and subsequent validations via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that BA downregulates interferon (IFN)-inducible genes, including IFIT1, IFITM1, IFI6, MX1, and OAS2, which are upregulated in replicative senescent cells compared with the low-passage young cells (control). Enrichment analysis based on the microarray data predicted BA-induced suppression of the type I IFN signaling pathway. BA downregulated the expression of the IRF9 transcriptional factor downstream of the type 1 IFN signaling pathway. IFN-inducible genes were downregulated via IRF9 silencing using siRNA compared with the negative control treated with siRNA. Consistently, BA treatment reduced the proportion of senescent cells and IFN-inducible genes in etoposide-treated fibroblasts. Hence, BA alleviates cellular senescence via the inhibition of the type 1 IFN signaling pathway in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Odama
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Eiji Maegawa
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Suzuki
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yujiro Fujii
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Reika Maeda
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigeru Murakami
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department
of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Bio Incubation Center (FBIC), Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun 910-1195, Fukui, Japan
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11
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Oichi T, Kodama J, Wilson K, Tian H, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Usami Y, Oshima Y, Saito T, Tanaka S, Iwamoto M, Otsuru S, Enomoto-Iwamoto M. Nutrient-regulated dynamics of chondroprogenitors in the postnatal murine growth plate. Bone Res 2023; 11:20. [PMID: 37080994 PMCID: PMC10119120 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal bone growth relies on endochondral ossification in the cartilaginous growth plate, where chondrocytes accumulate and synthesize the matrix scaffold that is replaced by bone. The chondroprogenitors in the resting zone maintain the continuous turnover of chondrocytes in the growth plate. Malnutrition is a leading cause of growth retardation in children; however, after recovery from nutrient deprivation, bone growth is accelerated beyond the normal rate, a phenomenon termed catch-up growth. Although nutritional status is a known regulator of long bone growth, it is largely unknown whether and how chondroprogenitor cells respond to deviations in nutrient availability. Here, using fate-mapping analysis in Axin2CreERT2 mice, we showed that dietary restriction increased the number of Axin2+ chondroprogenitors in the resting zone and simultaneously inhibited their differentiation. Once nutrient deficiency was resolved, the accumulated chondroprogenitor cells immediately restarted differentiation and formed chondrocyte columns, contributing to accelerated growth. Furthermore, we showed that nutrient deprivation reduced the level of phosphorylated Akt in the resting zone and that exogenous IGF-1 restored the phosphorylated Akt level and stimulated differentiation of the pooled chondroprogenitors, decreasing their numbers. Our study of Axin2CreERT2 revealed that nutrient availability regulates the balance between accumulation and differentiation of chondroprogenitors in the growth plate and further demonstrated that IGF-1 partially mediates this regulation by promoting the committed differentiation of chondroprogenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Oichi
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Sensory & Motor System Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 1738608, Japan.
| | - Joe Kodama
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kimberly Wilson
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hongying Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yu Usami
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, 5650871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oshima
- Sensory & Motor System Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Taku Saito
- Sensory & Motor System Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Sensory & Motor System Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Satoru Otsuru
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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12
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McKimpson WM, Spiegel S, Mukhanova M, Kraakman M, Du W, Kitamoto T, Yu J, Pajvani U, Accili D. Calorie Restriction activates a gastric Notch-FOXO1 pathway to expand Ghrelin cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531352. [PMID: 36945500 PMCID: PMC10028817 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction increases lifespan. While some tissue-specific protective effects of calorie restriction have been described, the impact of calorie restriction on the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. We found increased abundance of chromogranin A+, including orexigenic ghrelin+, endocrine cells in the stomach of calorie-restricted mice. This effect coincided with increased Notch target Hes1 and Notch ligand Jag1 and was reversed when Notch signaling was blocked using the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT. Using primary cultures and genetically-modified reporter mice, we determined that increased endocrine cell abundance was due to altered stem and progenitor proliferation. Different from the intestine, calorie restriction decreased gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, while increasing a FOXO1/Neurog3+ subpopulation of endocrine progenitors in a Notch-dependent manner. Further, calorie restriction triggered nuclear localization of FOXO1, which was sufficient to promote endocrine cell differentiation. Taken together, the data indicate that calorie restriction promotes gastric endocrine cell differentiation triggered by active Notch signaling and regulated by FOXO1.
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13
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Oichi T, Kodama J, Wilson K, Tian H, Imamura Y, Usami Y, Oshima Y, Saito T, Tanaka S, Iwamoto M, Otsuru S, Iwamoto-Enomoto M. Nutrient-regulated dynamics of chondroprogenitors in the postnatal murine growth plate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.20.524764. [PMID: 36711544 PMCID: PMC9882259 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.20.524764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal bone growth relies on endochondral ossification in the cartilaginous growth plate where chondrocytes accumulate and synthesize the matrix scaffold that is replaced by bone. The chondroprogenitors in the resting zone maintain the continuous turnover of chondrocytes in the growth plate. Malnutrition is a leading cause of growth retardation in children; however, after recovery from nutrient deprivation, bone growth is accelerated beyond the normal rate, a phenomenon termed catch-up growth. Though nutritional status is a known regulator of long bone growth, it is largely unknown if and how chondroprogenitor cells respond to deviations in nutrient availability. Here, using fate-mapping analysis in Axin2Cre ERT2 mice, we showed that dietary restriction increased the number of Axin2+ chondroprogenitors in the resting zone and simultaneously inhibited their differentiation. Once nutrient deficiency was resolved, the accumulated chondroprogenitor cells immediately restarted differentiation and formed chondrocyte columns, contributing to accelerated growth. Furthermore, we showed that nutrient deprivation reduced the level of phosphorylated Akt in the resting zone, and that exogenous IGF-1 canceled this reduction and stimulated differentiation of the pooled chondroprogenitors, decreasing their numbers. Our study of Axin2Cre ERT2 revealed that nutrient availability regulates the balance between accumulation and differentiation of chondroprogenitors in the growth plate, and further demonstrated that IGF-1 partially mediates this regulation by promoting the committed differentiation of the chondroprogenitor cells.
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14
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Honsho M, Mawatari S, Fujino T. Transient Ca2+ entry by plasmalogen-mediated activation of receptor potential cation channel promotes AMPK activity. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1008626. [PMID: 36406270 PMCID: PMC9672372 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1008626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanolamine-containing alkenyl ether glycerophospholipids, plasmalogens, are major cell membrane components of mammalian cells that activate membrane protein receptors such as ion transporters and G-protein coupled receptors. However, the mechanism by which plasmalogens modulate receptor function is unknown. Here, we found that exogenously added plasmalogens activate transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 4 (TRPC4) to increase Ca2+ influx, followed by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2-mediated phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Upon topical application of plasmalogens to the skin of mice, AMPK activation was observed in TRPC4-expressing hair bulbs and hair follicles. Here, TRPC4 was co-localized with the leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5, a marker of hair-follicle stem cells, leading to hair growth. Collectively, this study indicates that plasmalogens could function as gate openers for TRPC4, followed by activating AMPK, which likely accelerates hair growth in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Honsho
- Department of Neuroinflammation and Brain Fatigue Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masanori Honsho,
| | - Shiro Mawatari
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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A stem cell aging framework, from mechanisms to interventions. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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16
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Kowaltowski AJ. Cold Exposure and the Metabolism of Mice, Men, and Other Wonderful Creatures. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022; 37:0. [PMID: 35575253 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00002.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory rodents and cold-adapted animals in the wild use a significant amount of the energy derived from food intake for heat generation. Thermogenesis involving mitochondrial uncoupling in the brown adipose tissue differs quantitatively in mice, humans, and cold-adapted animals and could be an important ally to combat obesity if humans were prepared to deviate slightly from thermoneutral living conditions to activate this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Puca F, Fedele M, Rasio D, Battista S. Role of Diet in Stem and Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158108. [PMID: 35897685 PMCID: PMC9330301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and lifestyle factors greatly affect health and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer. Stem cells’ functions, including their ability to divide asymmetrically, set the rules for tissue homeostasis, contribute to health maintenance, and represent the entry point of cancer occurrence. Stem cell properties result from the complex integration of intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic factors. In this context, diet-induced metabolic changes can have a profound impact on stem cell fate determination, lineage specification and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the multiple “non-metabolic” effects of diet on stem cell functions, including little-known effects such as those on liquid-liquid phase separation and on non-random chromosome segregation (asymmetric division). A deep understanding of the specific dietetic requirements of normal and cancer stem cells may pave the way for the development of nutrition-based targeted therapeutic approaches to improve regenerative and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Puca
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78705, USA;
- Department of Oncology, IRBM Science Park SpA, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Debora Rasio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Wang J, Cui B, Chen Z, Ding X. The regulation of skin homeostasis, repair and the pathogenesis of skin diseases by spatiotemporal activation of epidermal mTOR signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:950973. [PMID: 35938153 PMCID: PMC9355246 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.950973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermis, the outmost layer of the skin, is a stratified squamous epithelium that protects the body from the external world. The epidermis and its appendages need constantly renew themselves and replace the damaged tissues caused by environmental assaults. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a central controller of cell growth and metabolism that plays a critical role in development, homeostasis and diseases. Recent findings suggest that mTOR signaling is activated in a spatiotemporal and context-dependent manner in the epidermis, coordinating diverse skin homeostatic processes. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling underlies the pathogenesis of skin diseases, including psoriasis and skin cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of epidermal mTOR signaling activity and function in skin, with a focus on skin barrier formation, hair regeneration, wound repair, as well as skin pathological disorders. We propose that fine-tuned control of mTOR signaling is essential for epidermal structural and functional integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baiping Cui
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolei Ding,
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19
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Sangalli JR, Nociti RP, Del Collado M, Sampaio RV, da Silveira JC, Perecin F, Smith LC, Ross PJ, Meirelles FV. Characterization of histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation in bovine tissues, cells, and cumulus-oocyte complexes. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:375-398. [PMID: 35802460 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Besides their canonical roles as energy sources, short-chain fatty acids act as metabolic regulators of gene expression through histone posttranslational modifications. Ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) causes a novel epigenetic modification, histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb), which is associated with genes upregulated in starvation-responsive metabolic pathways. Dairy cows increase BHB in early lactation, and the effects of this increase on cellular epigenomes are unknown. We searched for and identified that Kbhb is present in bovine tissues in vivo and confirmed that this epigenetic mark is responsive to BHB in bovine and human fibroblasts cultured in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes with high concentrations of BHB did not affect the competence to complete meiotic maturation or to develop until the blastocyst stage. BHB treatment strongly induced H3K9bhb in cumulus cells, but faintly in oocytes. RNA-seq analysis in cumulus cells indicated that BHB treatment altered the expression of 345 genes. The downregulated genes were mainly involved in glycolysis and ribosome assembly pathways, while the upregulated genes were involved in mitochondrial metabolism and oocyte development. The genes and pathways altered by BHB will provide entry points to carry out functional experiments aiming to mitigate metabolic disorders and improve fertility in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano R Sangalli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maite Del Collado
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Vilar Sampaio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale (CRRA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juliano C da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale (CRRA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Flávio V Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Rostami E, Maleki M, Koohestani R, Oghazi MR, Safavi EA, Hayati F. Effect of intermittent fasting on saving zone of stasis in burn wounds in rats. Burns 2022; 49:901-913. [PMID: 35787965 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent Fasting (IF) has proved to have various positive effects on life span, diseases, and healing of tissues in rodents. We evaluated the protective effect of fasting in maintaining the ischemic zones in burn wounds. METHODS In this study, 20 rats were divided into two groups where the IF rats were deprived of food for three months. Burn wounds were created by burn comb model on the back of all rats. On days 3 and 21 after injury, five rats in each group were euthanized whereby samples were collected for histopathological, immunohistochemical (Bcl2, P53 and VEGF), and biochemical (MDA, TAC, HP) evaluations. RESULTS Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial layer and zone of ischemia remained viable in the intermittent fasting group on day 3. On the 21st day, epithelialization, angiogenesis, inflammation, fibrocyte-fibroblast, and collagen density were different in the ischemic and necrotic zones between the control and intermittent fasting groups (p<0.05). We found no statistical differences in Bcl2, P53, VEGF, MDA, TAC, and HP on day 3 between the intermittent fasting and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent fasting before burn wounds reduces tissue damage caused by ischemia and enhanced the viability of cells in zone of stasis. It also accelerated wound healing by increasing epithelialization and collagen production in the skin and regulating inflammatory responses. This intervention appears to be related to better collagen arrangement and angiogenesis.
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21
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Lyu Y, Ge Y. Toward Elucidating Epigenetic and Metabolic Regulation of Stem Cell Lineage Plasticity in Skin Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:903904. [PMID: 35663405 PMCID: PMC9160930 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.903904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ in human body, harboring a plethora of cell types and serving as the organismal barrier. Skin aging such as wrinkling and hair graying is graphically pronounced, and the molecular mechanisms behind these phenotypic manifestations are beginning to unfold. As in many other organs and tissues, epigenetic and metabolic deregulations have emerged as key aging drivers. Particularly in the context of the skin epithelium, the epigenome and metabolome coordinately shape lineage plasticity and orchestrate stem cell function during aging. Our review discusses recent studies that proposed molecular mechanisms that drive the degeneration of hair follicles, a major appendage of the skin. By focusing on skin while comparing it to model organisms and adult stem cells of other tissues, we summarize literature on genotoxic stress, nutritional sensing, metabolic rewiring, mitochondrial activity, and epigenetic regulations of stem cell plasticity. Finally, we speculate about the rejuvenation potential of rate-limiting upstream signals during aging and the dominant role of the tissue microenvironment in dictating aged epithelial stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yejing Ge
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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22
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Abstract
Metabolism has been studied mainly in cultured cells or at the level of whole tissues or whole organisms in vivo. Consequently, our understanding of metabolic heterogeneity among cells within tissues is limited, particularly when it comes to rare cells with biologically distinct properties, such as stem cells. Stem cell function, tissue regeneration and cancer suppression are all metabolically regulated, although it is not yet clear whether there are metabolic mechanisms unique to stem cells that regulate their activity and function. Recent work has, however, provided evidence that stem cells do have a metabolic signature that is distinct from that of restricted progenitors and that metabolic changes influence tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Stem cell maintenance throughout life in many tissues depends upon minimizing anabolic pathway activation and cell division. Consequently, stem cell activation by tissue injury is associated with changes in mitochondrial function, lysosome activity and lipid metabolism, potentially at the cost of eroding self-renewal potential. Stem cell metabolism is also regulated by the environment: stem cells metabolically interact with other cells in their niches and are able to sense and adapt to dietary changes. The accelerating understanding of stem cell metabolism is revealing new aspects of tissue homeostasis with the potential to promote tissue regeneration and cancer suppression.
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23
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Duan J, Greenberg EN, Karri SS, Andersen B. The circadian clock and diseases of the skin. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2413-2436. [PMID: 34535902 PMCID: PMC8515909 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Organisms have an evolutionarily conserved internal rhythm that helps them anticipate and adapt to daily changes in the environment. Synchronized to the light-dark cycle with a period of around 24 hours, the timing of the circadian clock is set by light-triggering signals sent from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Other inputs, including food intake, exercise, and temperature, also affect clocks in peripheral tissues, including skin. Here, we review the intricate interplay between the core clock network and fundamental physiological processes in skin such as homeostasis, regeneration, and immune- and stress responses. We illustrate the effect of feeding time on the skin circadian clock and skin functions, a previously overlooked area of research. We then discuss works that relate the circadian clock and its disruption to skin diseases, including skin cancer, sunburn, hair loss, aging, infections, inflammatory skin diseases, and wound healing. Finally, we highlight the promise of circadian medicine for skin disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Duan
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Elyse Noelani Greenberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Satya Swaroop Karri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Bogi Andersen
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
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Kadharusman MM, Antarianto RD, Hardiany NS. A Review of the Impact of Calorie Restriction on Stem Cell Potency. Malays J Med Sci 2021; 28:5-13. [PMID: 34512126 PMCID: PMC8407795 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) prolongs lifespan in various species and also minimises pathologies caused by aging. One of the characteristics seen in age-related pathologies is stem cell exhaustion. Here, we review the various impacts of CR on mammalian health mediated through stem cell potency in various tissues. This study comprised of a literature search through NCBI, Science Direct, Google Scholar and PubMed, focusing on the impact of CR on pluripotency. In the skeletal muscle, CR acts as an anti-inflammatory agent and increases the presence of satellite cells endogenously to improve regeneration, thus causing a metabolic shift to oxidation to meet oxygen demand. In the intestinal epithelium, CR suppresses the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling in Paneth cells to shift the stem cell equilibrium towards self-renewal at the cost of differentiation. In haematopoiesis, CR prevents deterioration or maintains the function of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) depending on the genetic variation of the mice. In skin and hair follicles, CR increases the thickness of the epidermis and hair growth and improves hair retention through stem cells. CR mediates the proliferation and self-renewal of stem cells in various tissues, thus increasing its regenerative ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Novi Silvia Hardiany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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25
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Novak JSS, Baksh SC, Fuchs E. Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in homeostasis and disease. Genes Dev 2021; 35:199-211. [PMID: 33526586 PMCID: PMC7849367 DOI: 10.1101/gad.346973.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells maintain tissues by balancing self-renewal with differentiation. A stem cell's local microenvironment, or niche, informs stem cell behavior and receives inputs at multiple levels. Increasingly, it is becoming clear that the overall metabolic status of an organism or metabolites themselves can function as integral members of the niche to alter stem cell fate. Macroscopic dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, the ketogenic diet, and a high-fat diet systemically alter an organism's metabolic state in different ways. Intriguingly, however, they all converge on a propensity to enhance self-renewal. Here, we highlight our current knowledge on how dietary changes feed into stem cell behavior across a wide variety of tissues and illuminate possible explanations for why diverse interventions can result in similar stem cell phenotypes. In so doing, we hope to inspire new avenues of inquiry into the importance of metabolism in stem cell homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse S S Novak
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sanjeethan C Baksh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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26
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Kamiya Y, Odama M, Mizuguti A, Murakami S, Ito T. Puerarin blocks the aging phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249367. [PMID: 33886592 PMCID: PMC8061915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblast aging contributes to aging-associated functional defects in the skin since dermal fibroblasts maintain skin homeostasis by interacting with the epidermis and extracellular matrix. Here, we found that puerarin, an isoflavone present in Pueraria lobata (Kudzu), can prevent the development of the aging-phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) were subcultivated and high-passage cells were selected as senescent cells, whereas low-passage cells were selected as a young cell control. Puerarin treatment increased cell proliferation and decreased the proportion of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase-positive cells in a high-passage culture of NHDFs. Moreover, puerarin treatment reduced the number of smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive myofibroblasts and the expression of a reticular fibroblast marker, calponin 1 (CNN1), which were induced in high-passage NHDFs. Fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor antagonist, blocked the puerarin-mediated downregulation of SMA and CNN1. Our results suggest that puerarin may be a useful functional food that alleviates aging-related functional defects in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kamiya
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Mao Odama
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Aki Mizuguti
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigeru Murakami
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
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27
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Marcheggiani F, Kordes S, Cirilli I, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Vogelsang A, Möller N, Blatt T, Weise JM, Damiani E, Tiano L. Anti-ageing effects of ubiquinone and ubiquinol in a senescence model of human dermal fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:282-288. [PMID: 33482334 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an endogenous lipophilic quinone found in equilibrium between its oxidised (ubiquinone) and reduced (ubiquinol) form, ubiquitous in biological membranes and endowed with antioxidant and bioenergetic properties, both crucial to the ageing process. CoQ10 biosynthesis decreases with age in different tissues including skin and its biosynthesis can be modulated by 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors such as statins. Statin-induced CoQ10 deprivation has previously been shown to be associated with the development of a senescence phenotype in cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), hence this model was used to further investigate the role of CoQ10 in skin ageing. The present study aimed to compare the bioavailability of exogenously added CoQ10, in the form of ubiquinone or ubiquinol, to CoQ10-deprived HDF, and to determine their efficacy in rescuing the senescent phenotype induced by CoQ10 deprivation. First, additional senescence markers were implemented to further support the pro-ageing effect of statin-induced CoQ10 deprivation in HDF. Indeed, numerous senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers such as p21, IL-8, CXCL1, and MMP-1 were upregulated, whereas components of the extracellular matrix were downregulated (elastin, collagen type 1). Next, we showed that CoQ10 supplementation to statin-treated HDF was able to counteract CoQ10 deprivation and rescued the development of selected senescence/ageing markers in HDF. Ubiquinol resulted more bioavailable than ubiquinone at the same concentration (15 μg/mL) and it significantly improved the cellular oxidative status even within isolated mitochondria highlighting an effective subcellular delivery. Ubiquinol was also more efficient compared to ubiquinone in reverting the expression of the senescent phenotype, quantified in terms of β-galactosidase positivity, p21, collagen type 1, and elastin at the gene and protein expression levels. In conclusion, our results highlight the pivotal role of CoQ10 for skin vitality and strongly support the use of both forms as a beneficial and effective anti-ageing skin care treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Sebastian Kordes
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, Italy.
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Alexandra Vogelsang
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Nadine Möller
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Thomas Blatt
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Julia M Weise
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
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28
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Wirth A, Wolf B, Huang CK, Glage S, Hofer SJ, Bankstahl M, Bär C, Thum T, Kahl KG, Sigrist SJ, Madeo F, Bankstahl JP, Ponimaskin E. Novel aspects of age-protection by spermidine supplementation are associated with preserved telomere length. GeroScience 2021; 43:673-690. [PMID: 33517527 PMCID: PMC8110654 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing provokes a plethora of molecular, cellular and physiological deteriorations, including heart failure, neurodegeneration, metabolic maladaptation, telomere attrition and hair loss. Interestingly, on the molecular level, the capacity to induce autophagy, a cellular recycling and cleaning process, declines with age across a large spectrum of model organisms and is thought to be responsible for a subset of age-induced changes. Here, we show that a 6-month administration of the natural autophagy inducer spermidine in the drinking water to aged mice is sufficient to significantly attenuate distinct age-associated phenotypes. These include modulation of brain glucose metabolism, suppression of distinct cardiac inflammation parameters, decreased number of pathological sights in kidney and liver and decrease of age-induced hair loss. Interestingly, spermidine-mediated age protection was associated with decreased telomere attrition, arguing in favour of a novel cellular mechanism behind the anti-ageing effects of spermidine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wirth
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Wolf
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheng-Kai Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/EG, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai G Kahl
- Dept. of Psychiatry; Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan J Sigrist
- Freie University Berlin, Institute of Biology, Takusstraße 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/EG, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin ave. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603950.
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29
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Walendzik K, Bukowska J, Kopcewicz M, Machcinska S, Gimble JM, Gawronska-Kozak B. Age, Diet and Epidermal Signaling Modulate Dermal Fibroblasts' Adipogenic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238955. [PMID: 33255750 PMCID: PMC7728337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The recognition of a distinct fat depot, the dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), points out the complexity of the interaction among skin resident cells: keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts (DFs) and adipocytes in response to physiological (diet, age) and pathological (injury) stimulations. dWAT has been recognized as a significant contributor to thermoregulation, hair cycle, immune response, wound healing and scarring. In this study, we examined age- and diet-related changes in dWAT modulation and DFs' adipogenic potential. The data showed that diet modulates dWAT expansion predominantly by hypertrophy, whereas age affects the pool of adipocyte progenitor cells in the skin indicating its role in dWAT hyperplasia. Analysis of DFs' migratory abilities in the model of skin explants isolated from the skin of young, old, low (LFD)- or high (HFD)-fat diet C56BL/6 mice revealed that HFD, regardless of animal age has the most profound stimulatory impact of DF migration. We determined that the adipogenic potential of DFs is comparable to stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of inguinal fat depot and ear mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC). We also showed the stimulatory role of epidermally expressed transcription factor Foxn1 on adipogenic signaling: bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Walendzik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.W.); (J.B.); (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Joanna Bukowska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.W.); (J.B.); (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Marta Kopcewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.W.); (J.B.); (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Sylwia Machcinska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.W.); (J.B.); (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Gimble
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Obatala Sciences Inc., 2000 Lakeshore Drive, #4020, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Structural and Cellular Biology, and Surgery and Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Barbara Gawronska-Kozak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.W.); (J.B.); (M.K.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-89-5234634; Fax: +48-89-5240124
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30
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Spehar K, Pan A, Beerman I. Restoring aged stem cell functionality: Current progress and future directions. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1060-1077. [PMID: 32473067 PMCID: PMC7483369 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, associated with the decline of physical and cognitive abilities of humans and other mammals [Cell 2013;153:1194]. Therefore, it has become an active area of research within the aging and stem cell fields, and various techniques have been employed to mitigate the decline of stem cell function both in vitro and in vivo. While some techniques developed in model organisms are not directly translatable to humans, others show promise in becoming clinically relevant to delay or even mitigate negative phenotypes associated with aging. This review focuses on diet, treatment, and small molecule interventions that provide evidence of functional improvement in at least one type of aged adult stem cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Spehar
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, BRC, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Pan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Isabel Beerman
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, BRC, Baltimore, Maryland
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31
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Walker JM, Garcet S, Aleman JO, Mason CE, Danko D, Butler D, Zuffa S, Swann JR, Krueger J, Breslow JL, Holt PR. Obesity and ethnicity alter gene expression in skin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14079. [PMID: 32826922 PMCID: PMC7442822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is accompanied by dysfunction of many organs, but effects on the skin have received little attention. We studied differences in epithelial thickness by histology and gene expression by Affymetrix gene arrays and PCR in the skin of 10 obese (BMI 35-50) and 10 normal weight (BMI 18.5-26.9) postmenopausal women paired by age and ethnicity. Epidermal thickness did not differ with obesity but the expression of genes encoding proteins associated with skin blood supply and wound healing were altered. In the obese, many gene expression pathways were broadly downregulated and subdermal fat showed pronounced inflammation. There were no changes in skin microbiota or metabolites. African American subjects differed from European Americans with a trend to increased epidermal thickening. In obese African Americans, compared to obese European Americans, we observed altered gene expression that may explain known differences in water content and stress response. African Americans showed markedly lower expression of the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator characteristic of the disease cystic fibrosis. The results from this preliminary study may explain the functional changes found in the skin of obese subjects and African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M Walker
- The Rockefeller University Hospital, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Sandra Garcet
- Laboratory of Investigational Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jose O Aleman
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Translational Obesity Research, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - David Danko
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Butler
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Simone Zuffa
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - James Krueger
- Laboratory of Investigational Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jan L Breslow
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Peter R Holt
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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32
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Chai M, Jiang M, Vergnes L, Fu X, de Barros SC, Doan NB, Huang W, Chu J, Jiao J, Herschman H, Crooks GM, Reue K, Huang J. Stimulation of Hair Growth by Small Molecules that Activate Autophagy. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3413-3421.e3. [PMID: 31216464 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair plays important roles, ranging from the conservation of body heat to the preservation of psychological well-being. Hair loss or alopecia affects millions worldwide, but methods that can be used to regrow hair are lacking. We report that quiescent (telogen) hair follicles can be stimulated to initiate anagen and hair growth by small molecules that activate autophagy, including the metabolites α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and α-ketobutyrate (α-KB), and the prescription drugs rapamycin and metformin, which impinge on mTOR and AMPK signaling. Stimulation of hair growth by these agents is blocked by specific autophagy inhibitors, suggesting a mechanistic link between autophagy and hair regeneration. Consistently, increased autophagy is detected upon anagen entry during the natural hair follicle cycle, and oral α-KB prevents hair loss in aged mice. Our finding that anagen can be pharmacologically activated in telogen skin when natural anagen-inducing signal(s) are absent has implications for the treatment of hair loss patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chai
- Molecular Biology Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Meisheng Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xudong Fu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stéphanie C de Barros
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ngan B Doan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wilson Huang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jessie Chu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jing Jiao
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Harvey Herschman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gay M Crooks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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33
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Choi YJ. Shedding Light on the Effects of Calorie Restriction and its Mimetics on Skin Biology. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051529. [PMID: 32456324 PMCID: PMC7284700 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the aging process of an organism, the skin gradually loses its structural and functional characteristics. The skin becomes more fragile and vulnerable to damage, which may contribute to age-related diseases and even death. Skin aging is aggravated by the fact that the skin is in direct contact with extrinsic factors, such as ultraviolet irradiation. While calorie restriction (CR) is the most effective intervention to extend the lifespan of organisms and prevent age-related disorders, its effects on cutaneous aging and disorders are poorly understood. This review discusses the effects of CR and its alternative dietary intake on skin biology, with a focus on skin aging. CR structurally and functionally affects most of the skin and has been reported to rescue both age-related and photo-induced changes. The anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, stem cell maintenance, and metabolic activities of CR contribute to its beneficial effects on the skin. To the best of the author’s knowledge, the effects of fasting or a specific nutrient-restricted diet on skin aging have not been evaluated; these strategies offer benefits in wound healing and inflammatory skin diseases. In addition, well-known CR mimetics, including resveratrol, metformin, rapamycin, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, show CR-like prevention against skin aging. An overview of the role of CR in skin biology will provide valuable insights that would eventually lead to improvements in skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
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34
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Ma S, Sun S, Geng L, Song M, Wang W, Ye Y, Ji Q, Zou Z, Wang S, He X, Li W, Esteban CR, Long X, Guo G, Chan P, Zhou Q, Belmonte JCI, Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH. Caloric Restriction Reprograms the Single-Cell Transcriptional Landscape of Rattus Norvegicus Aging. Cell 2020; 180:984-1001.e22. [PMID: 32109414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging causes a functional decline in tissues throughout the body that may be delayed by caloric restriction (CR). However, the cellular profiles and signatures of aging, as well as those ameliorated by CR, remain unclear. Here, we built comprehensive single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic atlases across various rat tissues undergoing aging and CR. CR attenuated aging-related changes in cell type composition, gene expression, and core transcriptional regulatory networks. Immune cells were increased during aging, and CR favorably reversed the aging-disturbed immune ecosystem. Computational prediction revealed that the abnormal cell-cell communication patterns observed during aging, including the excessive proinflammatory ligand-receptor interplay, were reversed by CR. Our work provides multi-tissue single-cell transcriptional landscapes associated with aging and CR in a mammal, enhances our understanding of the robustness of CR as a geroprotective intervention, and uncovers how metabolic intervention can act upon the immune system to modify the process of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lingling Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanxia Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiran Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | | | - Xiao Long
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Guoji Guo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Weiqi Zhang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Disease Genomics and Individualized Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Dhamrait GK, Panchal K, Fleury NJ, Abel TN, Ancliffe MK, Crew RC, Croft K, Fernandez BO, Minnion M, Hart PH, Lucas RM, Mark PJ, Feelisch M, Weller RB, Matthews V, Gorman S. Characterising nitric oxide-mediated metabolic benefits of low-dose ultraviolet radiation in the mouse: a focus on brown adipose tissue. Diabetologia 2020; 63:179-193. [PMID: 31713010 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Exposure to sunlight has the potential to suppress metabolic dysfunction and obesity. We previously demonstrated that regular exposure to low-doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reduced weight gain and signs of diabetes in male mice fed a high-fat diet, in part via release of nitric oxide from skin. Here, we explore further mechanistic pathways through which low-dose UVR exerts these beneficial effects. METHODS We fed mice with a luciferase-tagged Ucp1 gene (which encodes uncoupling protein-1 [UCP-1]), referred to here as the Ucp1 luciferase transgenic mouse ('Thermomouse') a high-fat diet and examined the effects of repeated exposure to low-dose UVR on weight gain and development of metabolic dysfunction as well as UCP-1-dependent thermogenesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). RESULTS Repeated exposure to low-dose UVR suppressed the development of glucose intolerance and hepatic lipid accumulation via dermal release of nitric oxide while also reducing circulating IL-6 (compared with mice fed a high-fat diet only). Dietary nitrate supplementation did not mimic the effects of low-dose UVR. A single low dose of UVR increased UCP-1 expression (by more than twofold) in iBAT of mice fed a low-fat diet, 24 h after exposure. However, in mice fed a high-fat diet, there was no effect of UVR on UCP-1 expression in iBAT (compared with mock-treated mice) when measured at regular intervals over 12 weeks. More extensive circadian studies did not identify any substantial shifts in UCP-1 expression in mice exposed to low-dose UVR, although skin temperature at the interscapular site was reduced in UVR-exposed mice. The appearance of cells with a white adipocyte phenotype ('whitening') in iBAT induced by consuming the high-fat diet was suppressed by exposure to low-dose UVR in a nitric oxide-dependent fashion. Significant shifts in the expression of important core gene regulators of BAT function (Dio2, increased more than twofold), fatty acid transport (increased Fatp2 [also known as Slc27a2]), lipolysis (decreased Atgl [also known as Pnpla2]), lipogenesis (decreased Fasn) and inflammation (decreased Tnf), and proportions of macrophages (increased twofold) were observed in iBAT of mice exposed to low-dose UVR. These effects were independent of nitric oxide released from skin. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that non-burning (low-dose) UVR suppresses the BAT 'whitening', steatotic and pro-diabetic effects of consuming a high-fat diet through skin release of nitric oxide, with some metabolic and immune pathways in iBAT regulated by UVR independently of nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursimran K Dhamrait
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Kunjal Panchal
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Naomi J Fleury
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Tamara N Abel
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Mathew K Ancliffe
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Rachael C Crew
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kevin Croft
- School of Biomedical Science - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Prue H Hart
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia
| | - Robyn M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter J Mark
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard B Weller
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vance Matthews
- School of Biomedical Science - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shelley Gorman
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6782, Australia.
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de Assis LVM, Moraes MN, Castrucci AMDL. The molecular clock in the skin, its functionality, and how it is disrupted in cutaneous melanoma: a new pharmacological target? Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3801-3826. [PMID: 31222374 PMCID: PMC11105295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the interface between the organism and the external environment, acting as its first barrier. Thus, this organ is constantly challenged by physical stimuli such as UV and infrared radiation, visible light, and temperature as well as chemicals and pathogens. To counteract the deleterious effects of the above-mentioned stimuli, the skin has complex defense mechanisms such as: immune and neuroendocrine systems; shedding of epidermal squamous layers and apoptosis of damaged cells; DNA repair; and pigmentary system. Here we have reviewed the current knowledge regarding which stimuli affect the molecular clock of the skin, the consequences to skin-related biological processes and, based on such knowledge, we suggest some therapeutic targets. We also explored the recent advances regarding the molecular clock disruption in melanoma, its impact on the carcinogenic process, and its therapeutic value in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Maria Nathalia Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
- School of Health Science, University Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
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37
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Tümpel S, Rudolph KL. Quiescence: Good and Bad of Stem Cell Aging. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:672-685. [PMID: 31248787 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are required for lifelong homeostasis and regeneration of tissues and organs in mammals, but the function of stem cells declines during aging. To preserve stem cells during life, they are kept in a quiescent state with low metabolic and low proliferative activity. However, activation of quiescent stem cells - an essential process for organ homeostasis/regeneration - requires concerted and faithful regulation of multiple molecular circuits controlling biosynthetic processes, repair mechanisms, and metabolic activity. Thus, while protecting stem cell maintenance, quiescence comes at the cost of vulnerability during the process of stem cell activation. Here we discuss molecular and biochemical processes regulating stem cells' maintenance in and exit from quiescence and how age-related failures of these circuits can contribute to organism aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Tümpel
- Research Group on Stem Cell Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - K Lenhard Rudolph
- Research Group on Stem Cell Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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38
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Kfir SH, Barash I. Calorie restriction and rapamycin administration induce stem cell self-renewal and consequent development and production in the mammary gland. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111477. [PMID: 31242443 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Expansion of the mammary epithelial stem cell pool holds promise for consequent mammary gland development and production. Complementary analyses of bovine mammary implants maintained in de-epithelialized mouse mammary fat pad and endogenous mouse mammary gland were performed to elucidate the effect of calorie restriction (CR) on stem cell self-renewal. CR elevated propagation rate and non-adherent mammosphere generation in cultured bovine mammary cells. A corresponding decrease in progenitor-induced colony formation and differentiation marker expression was noted. In the mouse gland, CR enhanced the take rate of transplanted cells and outgrowths' fat pad occupancy. Downregulating mTOR activity by rapamycin administration reproduced CR's effects on stem cell self-renewal within a shorter period. Flow cytometry demonstrated a significant 1.5-fold increase in stem cell number and a corresponding decrease in luminal progenitor and differentiated cells. Consequent effects of rapamycin administration included enhanced ductlet generation in bovine implants and higher milk-protein gene expression in cultured mouse mammary cells. The stimulatory effect of CR on BST-1 expression in both bovine implants and mouse glands resembled that noted in the intestinal Paneth stem cell niche (Yilmaz et al., 2012). A putative niche may also exist in the mammary gland, conveying energy-status information to the insulated stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhav Hanna Kfir
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel; The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itamar Barash
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel.
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39
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Łapiński S, Orel J, Niedbała P, Kucharska W, Jakubowska M, Lisowska-Lis A, Tombarkiewicz B, Lis MW. Infrared Thermography as an Indicator of Heat Loss in Fur-Chewing Chinchillas ( Chinchilla Lanigera). J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2019; 23:338-347. [PMID: 31095420 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2019.1614924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fur-chewing is a common problem in chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). It may affect the welfare of animals due to heat loss, thereby possibly impacting food and water intake to maintain body temperature. In this context, infrared thermography seems to be a suitable method of measuring heat emissions from the surface of objects. Sexually mature male domestic chinchillas were divided into two groups: "non-fur chewers", exhibiting normal behaviour (n = 25), and "fur chewers" displaying fur-chewing behaviour (n = 23). Food and water intake (mean ± SD) measured in the control animals amounted to 20.7 ± 4.52 g and 15.9 ± 3.45 mL, while in fur-chewing chinchillas were 25% and 33% higher, respectively. Metabolic energy intake, were calculated 2.2 and 2.8 W for the control and fur-chewing animals, respectively. Heat flux through chewed areas was 6.06 mW cm-2, which is 2.8 times higher than through undamaged chinchilla fur. To sum up, thermal imagingexplicitly shows that fur-chewing causes increased heat loss. Disturbances in the maintenance of thermal homeostasis may be an additional factor that reduces the welfare of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Łapiński
- Department of Swine and Small Animal Breeding, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Orel
- Department of Veterinary, Reproduction and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Niedbała
- Department of Swine and Small Animal Breeding, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | - Weronika Kucharska
- Department of Veterinary, Reproduction and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jakubowska
- Department of Veterinary, Reproduction and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Tombarkiewicz
- Department of Veterinary, Reproduction and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin W Lis
- Department of Veterinary, Reproduction and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków , Kraków, Poland
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Stout R, Birch-Machin M. Mitochondria's Role in Skin Ageing. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:E29. [PMID: 31083540 PMCID: PMC6627661 DOI: 10.3390/biology8020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin ageing is the result of a loss of cellular function, which can be further accelerated by external factors. Mitochondria have important roles in skin function, and mitochondrial damage has been found to accumulate with age in skin cells, but also in response to solar light and pollution. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key features in all ageing tissues, including skin. This is directly linked to skin ageing phenotypes: wrinkle formation, hair greying and loss, uneven pigmentation and decreased wound healing. The loss of barrier function during skin ageing increases susceptibility to infection and affects wound healing. Therefore, an understanding of the mechanisms involved is important clinically and also for the development of antiageing skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin Stout
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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41
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Fasting and Its Impact on Skin Anatomy, Physiology, and Physiopathology: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020249. [PMID: 30678053 PMCID: PMC6413166 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin serves as the first protective line and barrier of the body. Like many other organs, skin can be affected by several disorders in response to external factors such as pathogens, ultraviolet light, and pollution, as well as endogenous alterations related to aging and/or oxidative stress disturbance. Researchers have reported new insights into how skin cells are altered in response to caloric restriction diets in mammals. One of the most well-known caloric restriction diets is the Ramadan intermittent fasting, which is a radical change in the diet plan of practitioners for the period of one lunar month. Ramadan fasting represents the fourth of the five pillars of the Islamic creed. Even though infirm individuals are waived to take part in this religious duty, patients with various health problems, including those with different skin disorders, might choose to share this event with peers and family members. No standardized protocols or guidelines exist, however, to advise their physicians on the proper management of their patients' condition during fasting. With an increasing Muslim population living in Western countries, this topic has started to draw substantial attention, not only of Middle-Eastern physicians, but also of clinicians in the West. For this purpose, we carried out a comprehensive overview on the topic. Our main findings are that: (1) there is a strong need for evidence-based suggestions and guidance. Literature on the impact of the Ramadan fasting, as well as of other kinds of fasting, on skin diseases is scarce and of poor quality, as well as the information available from the Internet; (2) patients willing to fast should be advised about the importance of taking proper treatments or consider alternative options including administration of trans-dermal/topical drugs, as they are permitted during daylight hours. Further, non-compliance has important, clinical and economic implications for an effective patient management.
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Hegab AE, Ozaki M, Meligy FY, Nishino M, Kagawa S, Ishii M, Betsuyaku T. Calorie restriction enhances adult mouse lung stem cells function and reverses several ageing-induced changes. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:295-308. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Hegab
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Mari Ozaki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Fatma Y. Meligy
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Makoto Nishino
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shizuko Kagawa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoko Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
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Nicu C, Pople J, Bonsell L, Bhogal R, Ansell DM, Paus R. A guide to studying human dermal adipocytes in situ. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:589-602. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Nicu
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | | | - Laura Bonsell
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | | | - David M. Ansell
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery; Miller School of Medicine; University of Miami; Miami FL USA
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