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Li Y, Mondaza-Hernandez JL, Moura DS, Revenko AS, Tolentino A, Nguyen JT, Tran N, Meyer CA, Merino-Garcia J, Ramos R, Di Lernia D, Martin-Broto J, Hayenga HN, Bleris L. STAT6-targeting antisense oligonucleotides against solitary fibrous tumor. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102154. [PMID: 38511173 PMCID: PMC10950871 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare, non-hereditary soft tissue sarcoma thought to originate from fibroblastic mesenchymal stem cells. The etiology of SFT is thought to be due to an environmental intrachromosomal gene fusion between NGFI-A-binding protein 2 (NAB2) and signal transducer and activator protein 6 (STAT6) genes on chromosome 12, wherein the activation domain of STAT6 is fused with the DNA-binding domain of NAB2 resulting in the oncogenesis of SFT. All NAB2-STAT6 fusion variations discovered in SFTs contain the C-terminal of STAT6 transcript, and thus can serve as target site for antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)-based therapies. Indeed, our in vitro studies show the STAT6 3' untranslated region (UTR)-targeting ASO (ASO 993523) was able to reduce expression of NAB2-STAT6 fusion transcripts in multiple SFT cell models with high efficiency (half-maximal inhibitory concentration: 116-300 nM). Encouragingly, in vivo treatment of SFT patient-derived xenograft mouse models with ASO 993523 resulted in acceptable tolerability profiles, reduced expression of NAB2-STAT6 fusion transcripts in xenograft tissues (21.9%), and, importantly, reduced tumor growth (32.4% decrease in tumor volume compared with the untreated control). Taken together, our study established ASO 993523 as a potential agent for the treatment of SFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jose L. Mondaza-Hernandez
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - David S. Moura
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexey S. Revenko
- Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - Angelica Tolentino
- Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - John T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Nam Tran
- Neurosurgical Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Clark A. Meyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jose Merino-Garcia
- Pathology Department, University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma, Av. Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramos
- Pathology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Davide Di Lernia
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martin-Broto
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Heather N. Hayenga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Leonidas Bleris
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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2
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Ju SH, Lee SE, Yi S, Choi NR, Kim KH, Kim SM, Koh JY, Kim SK, Kim SY, Heo JY, Park JO, Park S, Koo BS, Kang YE. Transcriptomic characteristics according to tumor size and SUV max in papillary thyroid cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11005. [PMID: 38745021 PMCID: PMC11094162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The SUVmax is a measure of FDG uptake and is related with tumor aggressiveness in thyroid cancer, however, its association with molecular pathways is unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between SUVmax and gene expression profiles in 80 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. We conducted an analysis of DEGs and enriched pathways in relation to SUVmax and tumor size. SUVmax showed a positive correlation with tumor size and correlated with glucose metabolic process. The genes that indicate thyroid differentiation, such as SLC5A5 and TPO, were negatively correlated with SUVmax. Unsupervised analysis revealed that SUVmax positively correlated with DNA replication(r = 0.29, p = 0.009), pyrimidine metabolism(r = 0.50, p < 0.0001) and purine metabolism (r = 0.42, p = 0.0001). Based on subgroups analysis, we identified that PSG5, TFF3, SOX2, SL5A5, SLC5A7, HOXD10, FER1L6, and IFNA1 genes were found to be significantly associated with tumor aggressiveness. Both high SUVmax PTMC and macro-PTC are enriched in pathways of DNA replication and cell cycle, however, gene sets for purine metabolic pathways are enriched only in high SUVmax macro-PTC but not in high SUVmax PTMC. Our findings demonstrate the molecular characteristics of high SUVmax tumor and metabolism involved in tumor growth in differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Young Koh
- GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Seongyeol Park
- GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Xu M, Zhong W, Yang C, Liu M, Yuan X, Lu T, Li D, Zhang G, Liu H, Zeng Y, Yang X, Zhou Y, Zhou L. Tiliroside disrupted iron homeostasis and induced ferroptosis via directly targeting calpain-2 in pancreatic cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155392. [PMID: 38412575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tiliroside (TIL) is a flavonoid compound that exists in a variety of edible plants. These dietary plants are widely used as food and medicine to treat various diseases. However, the effect of TIL on pancreatic cancer (PC) and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to reveal the anti-PC effect of TIL and clarify its mechanism. METHODS The inhibitory effects of TIL on PC growth were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, biochemical analyses, RT-qPCR, genetic ablation, and western blotting were employed to evaluate ferroptosis, autophagy, and iron regulation. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), biomolecular layer interferometry (BLI), and molecular simulation analysis were combined to identify TIL molecular targets. The clinicopathological significance of Calpain-2 (CAPN2) was determined through immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a PC tissue microarray. RESULTS Herein, we showed that TIL was an effective anti-PC drug. CAPN2 was involved in the TIL - induced elevation of the labile iron pool (LIP) in PC cells. TIL directly bound to and inhibited CAPN2 activity, resulting in AKT deactivation and decreased expression of glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3) in PC cells. Consequently, TIL impaired ATP and NADPH generation, inducing autophagy and ROS production. The accumulation of TIL-induced ROS combined with LIP iron causes the Fenton reaction, leading to lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile, TIL-induced reduction of free iron ions promoted autophagic degradation of ferritin to regulate cellular iron homeostasis, which further exacerbated the death of PC cells by ferroptosis. As an extension of these in vitro findings, our murine xenograft study showed that TIL inhibited the growth of PANC-1 cells. Additionally, we showed that CAPN2 expression levels were related to clinical prognoses in PC patients. CONCLUSION We identify TIL as a potent bioactive inhibitor of CAPN2 and an anti-PC candidate of natural origin. These findings also highlight CAPN2 as a potential target for PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolei Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Weilan Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China; The Third Peoples Hospital of Qingdao, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong, 266400, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Desheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Guanqing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Yuying Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Yufu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Rd. Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China.
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Klement RJ. Anti-tumor effects of ketogenic diets and their synergism with other treatments in mice: Bayesian evidence synthesis of 1755 individual mouse survival data. Biomed J 2024; 47:100609. [PMID: 37245566 PMCID: PMC10900256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketogenic diets (KDs) are high-fat diets with putative anti-tumor effects. The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence for the anti-tumor effects of KDs in mice, with a focus on their possible synergism with chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), or targeted therapies (TT). METHODS Relevant studies were retrieved from a literature search. A total of 43 articles reporting on 65 mouse experiments fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 1755 individual mouse survival times were collated from the study authors or the publications. The restricted mean survival time ratio (RMSTR) between the KD and control groups served as the effect size. Bayesian evidence synthesis models were used to estimate pooled effect sizes and to assess the impact of putative confounders and synergism between KD and other therapies. RESULTS Overall, there was a significant survival-prolonging effect of KD monotherapy (RMSTR = 1.161 ± 0.040), which was confirmed in meta-regression accounting for syngeneic versus xenogeneic models, early versus late KD start and subcutaneous versus other organ growth. Combining the KD with RT or TT, but not CT, was associated with a further 30% (RT) or 21% (TT) prolongation of survival. An analysis accounting for 15 individual tumor entities showed that KDs exerted significant survival-prolonging effects in pancreatic cancer (all treatment combinations), gliomas (KD + RT and KD + TT), head and neck cancer (KD + RT), and stomach cancer (KD+RT and KD + TT). CONCLUSIONS This analytical study confirmed the overall anti-tumor effects of KDs in a large number of mouse experiments and provides evidence for synergistic effects with RT and TT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer J Klement
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Leopoldina Hospital Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany.
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5
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Ma X, Tian F, Li J, Wu Z, Cao L. In Vitro Simulated Ketogenic Diet Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Liver Cancer Cells by Reducing Insulin Production and Down-regulating FOXC2 Expression. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 35:726-734. [PMID: 39344752 PMCID: PMC11391236 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2024.23601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Ketogenic diet (KD) may benefit patients with liver cancer, but the underlying mechanism of its anti-cancer effect remains an open issue. This work aimed to explore the influence of simulated KD on the proliferation and migration of cultured hepatoma cells. The low-glucose medium supplemented with β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB-Glow) was utilized to simulate clinical KD treatment. Western blot was utilized for detecting the expression of glycolysis-related proteins, Seahorse XF96 for oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and ELISA for insulin content. Expression of FOXC2 in liver cancer cells was analyzed by bioinformatics and qPCR. Cell Count Kit-8 (CCK-8) testing kit was utilized for testing cell viability. KD treatment significantly reduced the expression of glycolysis-related proteins in Huh-7 cells, inhibited insulin production in β islet cells, reduced ECAR, and increased OCR. FOXC2 was significantly up-regulated in Huh-7 cell line, and sh-FOXC2 hindered the proliferation and migration of Huh-7 cells. The exogenous addition of insulin promoted the malignant progression of Huh-7 cells. Together, the medium simulating KD environment strengthened the protection of liver cancer cells by reducing insulin production and down-regulating FOXC2 expression. This study confirmed through in vitro cell experiments that KD could inhibit the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells by targeting down regulation of insulin and FOXC2 expression, providing new theoretical basis for the treatment of liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Emergency, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Liying Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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Saggese P, Pandey A, Alcaraz M, Fung E, Hall A, Yanagawa J, Rodriguez EF, Grogan TR, Giurato G, Nassa G, Salvati A, Shirihai OS, Weisz A, Dubinett SM, Scafoglio C. Glucose Deprivation Promotes Pseudohypoxia and Dedifferentiation in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2024; 84:305-327. [PMID: 37934116 PMCID: PMC10790128 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased utilization of glucose is a hallmark of cancer. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) is a critical player in glucose uptake in early-stage and well-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SGLT2 inhibitors, which are FDA approved for diabetes, heart failure, and kidney disease, have been shown to significantly delay LUAD development and prolong survival in murine models and in retrospective studies in diabetic patients, suggesting that they may be repurposed for lung cancer. Despite the antitumor effects of SGLT2 inhibition, tumors eventually escape treatment. Here, we studied the mechanisms of resistance to glucose metabolism-targeting treatments. Glucose restriction in LUAD and other tumors induced cancer cell dedifferentiation, leading to a more aggressive phenotype. Glucose deprivation caused a reduction in alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG), leading to attenuated activity of αKG-dependent histone demethylases and histone hypermethylation. The dedifferentiated phenotype depended on unbalanced EZH2 activity that suppressed prolyl-hydroxylase PHD3 and increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), triggering epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Finally, a HIF1α-dependent transcriptional signature of genes upregulated by low glucose correlated with prognosis in human LUAD. Overall, this study furthers current knowledge of the relationship between glucose metabolism and cell differentiation in cancer, characterizing the epigenetic adaptation of cancer cells to glucose deprivation and identifying targets to prevent the development of resistance to therapies targeting glucose metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE Epigenetic adaptation allows cancer cells to overcome the tumor-suppressive effects of glucose restriction by inducing dedifferentiation and an aggressive phenotype, which could help design better metabolic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Saggese
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aparamita Pandey
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Martín Alcaraz
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eileen Fung
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Abbie Hall
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jane Yanagawa
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erika F. Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tristan R. Grogan
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health – CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health – CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Annamaria Salvati
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health – CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Onco-Hematology, AOU “S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona,” University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health – CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Onco-Hematology, AOU “S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona,” University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Steven M. Dubinett
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Claudio Scafoglio
- Department of Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Samanta A, Saha P, Johnson O, Bishayee A, Sinha D. Dysregulation of delta Np63 alpha in squamous cell carcinoma and its therapeutic targeting. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189034. [PMID: 38040268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The gene p63 has two isoforms -a full length transactivated isoform (TA) p63 and an amino-terminally truncated isoform, ∆Np63. DeltaNp63 alpha (∆Np63α) is the predominant splice variant of the isoform, ∆Np63 and is expressed in the basal layer of stratified epithelia. ∆Np63α that is normally essential for the epithelial lineage maintenance may be dysregulated in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The pro-tumorigenic or antitumorigenic role of ∆Np63 is a highly contentious arena. ∆Np63α may act as a double-edged sword. It may either promote tumor progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, chemoresistance, and immune-inflammatory responses, or inhibit the aforementioned phenomena depending upon cell type and tumor microenvironment. Several signaling pathways, transforming growth factor-β, Wnt and Notch, as well as epigenetic alterations involving microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs are regulated by ∆Np63α. This review has attempted to provide an in-depth insight into the role of ∆Np63α in the development of SCCs during different stages of tumor formation and how it may be targeted for therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurima Samanta
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Olivia Johnson
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India.
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Zhou LL, Zhang T, Xue Y, Yue C, Pan Y, Wang P, Yang T, Li M, Zhou H, Ding K, Gan J, Ji H, Yang CG. Selective activator of human ClpP triggers cell cycle arrest to inhibit lung squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7069. [PMID: 37923710 PMCID: PMC10624687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemo-activation of mitochondrial ClpP exhibits promising anticancer properties. However, we are currently unaware of any studies using selective and potent ClpP activators in lung squamous cell carcinoma. In this work, we report on such an activator, ZK53, which exhibits therapeutic effects on lung squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. The crystal structure of ZK53/ClpP complex reveals a π-π stacking effect that is essential for ligand binding selectively to the mitochondrial ClpP. ZK53 features on a simple scaffold, which is distinct from the activators with rigid scaffolds, such as acyldepsipeptides and imipridones. ZK53 treatment causes a decrease of the electron transport chain in a ClpP-dependent manner, which results in declined oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in lung tumor cells. Mechanistically, ZK53 inhibits the adenoviral early region 2 binding factor targets and activates the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated-mediated DNA damage response, eventually triggering cell cycle arrest. Lastly, ZK53 exhibits therapeutic effects on lung squamous cell carcinoma cells in xenograft and autochthonous mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Chuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yihui Pan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Teng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Meixia Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Media, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kan Ding
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianhua Gan
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Cai-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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9
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Yu X, Yuan H, Yang Y, Zheng W, Zheng X, Lu SH, Jiang W, Yu X. Mammalian esophageal stratified tissue homeostasis is maintained distinctively by the epithelial pluripotent p63 +Sox2 + and p63 -Sox2 + cell populations. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:305. [PMID: 37752383 PMCID: PMC11072776 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Self-renewing, damage-repair and differentiation of mammalian stratified squamous epithelia are subject to tissue homeostasis, but the regulation mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigate the esophageal squamous epithelial tissue homeostasis in vitro and in vivo. We establish a rat esophageal organoid (rEO) in vitro system and show that the landscapes of rEO formation, development and maturation trajectories can mimic those of rat esophageal epithelia in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), snapshot immunostaining and functional analyses of stratified "matured" rEOs define that the epithelial pluripotent stem cell determinants, p63 and Sox2, play crucial but distinctive roles for regulating mammalian esophageal tissue homeostasis. We identify two cell populations, p63+Sox2+ and p63-Sox2+, of which the p63+Sox2+ population presented at the basal layer is the cells of origin required for esophageal epithelial stemness maintenance and proliferation, whereas the p63-Sox2+ population presented at the suprabasal layers is the cells of origin having a dual role for esophageal epithelial differentiation (differentiation-prone fate) and rapid tissue damage-repair responses (proliferation-prone fate). Given the fact that p63 and Sox2 are developmental lineage oncogenes and commonly overexpressed in ESCC tissues, p63-Sox2+ population could not be detected in organoids formed by esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. Taken together, these findings reveal that the tissue homeostasis is maintained distinctively by p63 and/or Sox2-dependent cell lineage populations required for the tissue renewing, damage-repair and protection of carcinogenesis in mammalian esophagi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuejing Zheng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Lu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xiying Yu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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10
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Oyelakin A, Sosa J, Nayak K, Glathar A, Gluck C, Sethi I, Tsompana M, Nowak N, Buck M, Romano RA, Sinha S. An integrated genomic approach identifies follistatin as a target of the p63-epidermal growth factor receptor oncogenic network in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad038. [PMID: 37492374 PMCID: PMC10365026 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous putative oncogenes have been associated with the etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the mechanisms by which these oncogenes and their downstream targets mediate tumor progression have not been fully elucidated. We performed an integrative analysis to identify a crucial set of targets of the oncogenic transcription factor p63 that are common across multiple transcriptomic datasets obtained from HNSCC patients, and representative cell line models. Notably, our analysis revealed FST which encodes follistatin, a secreted glycoprotein that inhibits the transforming growth factor TGFβ/activin signaling pathways, to be a direct transcriptional target of p63. In addition, we found that FST expression is also driven by epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR signaling, thus mediating a functional link between the TGF-β and EGFR pathways. We show through loss- and gain-of-function studies that FST predominantly imparts a tumor-growth and migratory phenotype in HNSCC cells. Furthermore, analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from HNSCC patients unveiled cancer cells as the dominant source of FST within the tumor microenvironment and exposed a correlation between the expression of FST and its regulators with immune infiltrates. We propose FST as a prognostic biomarker for patient survival and a compelling candidate mediating the broad effects of p63 on the tumor and its associated microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinsola Oyelakin
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Sosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kasturi Bala Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Glathar
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian Gluck
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Isha Sethi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Maria Tsompana
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Norma Nowak
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michael Buck
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rose-Anne Romano
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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11
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Xiao Y, Yu TJ, Xu Y, Ding R, Wang YP, Jiang YZ, Shao ZM. Emerging therapies in cancer metabolism. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1283-1303. [PMID: 37557070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is not only a biological hallmark but also reveals treatment vulnerabilities. Numerous metabolic molecules have shown promise as treatment targets to impede tumor progression in preclinical studies, with some advancing to clinical trials. However, the intricacy and adaptability of metabolic networks hinder the effectiveness of metabolic therapies. This review summarizes the metabolic targets for cancer treatment and provides an overview of the current status of clinical trials targeting cancer metabolism. Additionally, we decipher crucial factors that limit the efficacy of metabolism-based therapies and propose future directions. With advances in integrating multi-omics, single-cell, and spatial technologies, as well as the ability to track metabolic adaptation more precisely and dynamically, clinicians can personalize metabolic therapies for improved cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tian-Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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12
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Li Y, Nguyen JT, Ammanamanchi M, Zhou Z, Harbut EF, Mondaza-Hernandez JL, Meyer CA, Moura DS, Martin-Broto J, Hayenga HN, Bleris L. Reduction of Tumor Growth with RNA-Targeting Treatment of the NAB2-STAT6 Fusion Transcript in Solitary Fibrous Tumor Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3127. [PMID: 37370737 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma. This nonhereditary cancer is the result of an environmental intrachromosomal gene fusion between NAB2 and STAT6 on chromosome 12, which fuses the activation domain of STAT6 with the repression domain of NAB2. Currently there is not an approved chemotherapy regimen for SFTs. The best response on available pharmaceuticals is a partial response or stable disease for several months. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of RNA-based therapies for the treatment of SFTs. Specifically, in vitro SFT cell models were engineered to harbor the characteristic NAB2-STAT6 fusion using the CRISPR/SpCas9 system. Cell migration as well as multiple cancer-related signaling pathways were increased in the engineered cells as compared to the fusion-absent parent cells. The SFT cell models were then used for evaluating the targeting efficacies of NAB2-STAT6 fusion-specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and CRISPR/CasRx systems. Our results showed that fusion specific ASO treatments caused a 58% reduction in expression of fusion transcripts and a 22% reduction in cell proliferation after 72 h in vitro. Similarly, the AAV2-mediated CRISPR/CasRx system led to a 59% reduction in fusion transcript expressions in vitro, and a 55% reduction in xenograft growth after 29 days ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - John T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | | | - Zikun Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Elijah F Harbut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jose L Mondaza-Hernandez
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clark A Meyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - David S Moura
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martin-Broto
- Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIS/FJD-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Heather N Hayenga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Leonidas Bleris
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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13
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Peng H, Yan Y, He M, Li J, Wang L, Jia W, Yang L, Jiang J, Chen Y, Li F, Yuan X, Pang L. SLC43A2 and NFκB signaling pathway regulate methionine/cystine restriction-induced ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via a feedback loop. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:347. [PMID: 37268653 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies have indicated dietary restriction of methionine/cystine provided a therapeutic benefit in diseases such as cancer. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie the interaction between methionine/cystine restriction (MCR) and effects on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have remained elusive. Here, we discovered the dietary restriction of methionine/cystine has a large effect on cellular methionine metabolism as assayed in a ECA109 derived xenograft model. RNA-seq and enrichment analysis suggested the blocked tumor progression was affected by ferroptosis, together with the NFκB signaling pathway activation in ESCC. Consistently, GSH content and GPX4 expression were downregulated by MCR both in vivo and in vitro. The contents of Fe2+ and MDA were negatively correlated with supplementary methionine in a dose-dependent way. Mechanistically, MCR and silent of SLC43A2, a methionine transporter, diminished phosphorylation of IKKα/β and p65. Blocked NFκB signaling pathway further decreased the expression of SLC43A2 and GPX4 in both mRNA and protein level, which in turn downregulated the methionine intake and stimulated ferroptosis, respectively. ESCC progression was inhibited by enhanced ferroptosis and apoptosis and impaired cell proliferation. In this study, we proposed a novel feedback regulation mechanism underlie the correlation between dietary restriction of methionine/cystine and ESCC progression. MCR blocked cancer progression via stimulating ferroptosis through the positive feedback loop between SLC43A2 and NFκB signaling pathways. Our results provided the theoretical basis and new targets for ferroptosis-based clinical antitumor treatments for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Yuyu Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Min He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Lianghai Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Lan Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinfang Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China
| | - Yunzhao Chen
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou National Hi-Tech District, 215010, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University)/Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, 832002, Shihezi, China.
- Department of Pathology, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang and Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Al-Jada DN, Takruri HR, Talib WH. From antiepileptic therapy to promising adjuvant in medical oncology: A historical view of the ketogenic diet. PHARMANUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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15
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Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Novoa E, da Silva Lima N, Rodriguez A, Veyrat-Durebex C, Seoane S, Porteiro B, Fondevila MF, Fernandez U, Varela-Rey M, Senra A, Iglesias C, Escudero A, Fidalgo M, Guallar D, Perez-Fernandez R, Prevot V, Schwaninger M, López M, Dieguez C, Coppari R, Frühbeck G, Nogueiras R. Hepatic p63 regulates glucose metabolism by repressing SIRT1. Gut 2023; 72:472-483. [PMID: 35580962 PMCID: PMC9933162 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE p63 is a transcription factor within the p53 protein family that has key roles in development, differentiation and prevention of senescence, but its metabolic actions remain largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the physiological role of p63 in glucose metabolism. DESIGN We used cell lines and mouse models to genetically manipulate p63 in hepatocytes. We also measured p63 in the liver of patients with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESULTS We show that hepatic p63 expression is reduced on fasting. Mice lacking the specific isoform TAp63 in the liver (p63LKO) display higher postprandial and pyruvate-induced glucose excursions. These mice have elevated SIRT1 levels, while SIRT1 knockdown in p63LKO mice normalises glycaemia. Overexpression of TAp63 in wild-type mice reduces postprandial, pyruvate-induced blood glucose and SIRT1 levels. Studies carried out in hepatocyte cell lines show that TAp63 regulates SIRT1 promoter by repressing its transcriptional activation. TAp63 also mediates the inhibitory effect of insulin on hepatic glucose production, as silencing TAp63 impairs insulin sensitivity. Finally, protein levels of TAp63 are reduced in obese persons with T2D and are negatively correlated with fasting glucose and homeostasis model assessment index. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that p63 physiologically regulates glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Gonzalez-Rellan
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain
| | - Eva Novoa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Natalia da Silva Lima
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodriguez
- CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Christelle Veyrat-Durebex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Seoane
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Begoña Porteiro
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Uxia Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease, CIMUS University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Senra
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adriana Escudero
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Diana Guallar
- Department of Biochemistry, CIMUS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Roman Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, University of Lille, INSERM, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Paris, France
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- University of Lübeck, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Miguel López
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain
| | - Roberto Coppari
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain .,CIBERobn, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Spain, Spain.,Galician Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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16
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Saggese P, Pandey A, Fung E, Hall A, Yanagawa J, Rodriguez EF, Grogan TR, Giurato G, Nassa G, Salvati A, Weisz A, Dubinett SM, Scafoglio C. Glucose deprivation promotes pseudo-hypoxia and de-differentiation in lung adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526207. [PMID: 36778362 PMCID: PMC9915520 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased utilization of glucose is a hallmark of cancer. Several studies are investigating the efficacy of glucose restriction by glucose transporter blockade or glycolysis inhibition. However, the adaptations of cancer cells to glucose restriction are unknown. Here, we report the discovery that glucose restriction in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) induces cancer cell de-differentiation, leading to a more aggressive phenotype. Glucose deprivation causes a reduction in alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG), leading to attenuated activity of αKG-dependent histone demethylases and histone hypermethylation. We further show that this de-differentiated phenotype depends on unbalanced EZH2 activity, causing inhibition of prolyl-hydroxylase PHD3 and increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), triggering epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Finally, we identified an HIF1α-dependent transcriptional signature with prognostic significance in human LUAD. Our studies further current knowledge of the relationship between glucose metabolism and cell differentiation in cancer, characterizing the epigenetic adaptation of cancer cells to glucose deprivation and identifying novel targets to prevent the development of resistance to therapies targeting glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Saggese
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aparamita Pandey
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eileen Fung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abbie Hall
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane Yanagawa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erika F. Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tristan R. Grogan
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Annamaria Salvati
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Onco-Hematology, AOU “S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Onco-Hematology, AOU “S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Steven M. Dubinett
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Claudio Scafoglio
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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17
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Ghezzi C, Chen BY, Damoiseaux R, Clark PM. Pacritinib inhibits glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer cells by targeting FLT3. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1442. [PMID: 36697489 PMCID: PMC9876922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell lung cancer maintains its growth through elevated glucose consumption, but selective glucose consumption inhibitors are lacking. Here, we discovered using a high-throughput screen new compounds that block glucose consumption in three squamous cell lung cancer cell lines and identified 79 compounds that block glucose consumption in one or more of these cell lines. Based on its ability to block glucose consumption in all three cell lines, pacritinib, an inhibitor of FMS Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) and Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), was further studied. Pacritinib decreased glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer cells in cell culture and in vivo without affecting glucose consumption in healthy tissues. Pacritinib blocked hexokinase activity, and Hexokinase 1 and 2 mRNA and protein expression. Overexpression of Hexokinase 1 blocked the ability of pacritinib to inhibit glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer cells. Overexpression of FLT3 but not JAK2 significantly increased glucose consumption and blocked the ability of pacritinib to inhibit glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer cells. Additional FLT3 inhibitors blocked glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer cells. Our study identifies FLT3 inhibitors as a new class of inhibitors that can block glucose consumption in squamous cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ghezzi
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951770, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Bao Ying Chen
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951770, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951770, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Peter M Clark
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951770, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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18
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Glathar AR, Oyelakin A, Nayak KB, Sosa J, Romano RA, Sinha S. A Systemic and Integrated Analysis of p63-Driven Regulatory Networks in Mouse Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:446. [PMID: 36672394 PMCID: PMC9856320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and is linked to tobacco exposure, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Despite therapeutic advances, a lack of molecular understanding of disease etiology, and delayed diagnoses continue to negatively affect survival. The identification of oncogenic drivers and prognostic biomarkers by leveraging bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of OSCC can lead to more targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes. However, the generation, analysis, and continued utilization of additional genetic and genomic tools are warranted. Tobacco-induced OSCC can be modeled in mice via 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO), which generates a spectrum of neoplastic lesions mimicking human OSCC and upregulates the oncogenic master transcription factor p63. Here, we molecularly characterized established mouse 4NQO treatment-derived OSCC cell lines and utilized RNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing to uncover the global p63 gene regulatory and signaling network. We integrated our p63 datasets with published bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing of mouse 4NQO-treated tongue and esophageal tumors, respectively, to generate a p63-driven gene signature that sheds new light on the role of p63 in murine OSCC. Our analyses reveal known and novel players, such as COTL1, that are regulated by p63 and influence various oncogenic processes, including metastasis. The identification of new sets of potential biomarkers and pathways, some of which are functionally conserved in human OSCC and can prognosticate patient survival, offers new avenues for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ruth Glathar
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Akinsola Oyelakin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Kasturi Bala Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jennifer Sosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Rose-Anne Romano
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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19
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The Contributions of Cancer-Testis and Developmental Genes to the Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153630. [PMID: 35892887 PMCID: PMC9367444 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In addition to mutations, ectopically-expressed genes are emerging as important contributors to cancer development. Efforts to characterize the expression patterns in cancers of gamete-restricted cancer-testis antigens and developmentally-restricted genes are underway, revealing these genes to be putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various malignancies. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are two highly-prevalent non-melanoma skin cancers that result in considerable burden on patients and our health system. To optimize disease prognostication and treatment, it is necessary to further classify the molecular complexity of these malignancies. This review describes the expression patterns and functions of cancer-testis antigens and developmentally-restricted genes in BCC and cSCC tumors. A large number of cancer-testis antigens and developmental genes exhibit substantial expression levels in BCC and cSCC. These genes have been shown to contribute to several aspects of cancer biology, including tumorigenesis, differentiation, invasion and responses to anti-cancer therapy. Abstract Keratinocyte carcinomas are among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are the two cancers recognized as keratinocyte carcinomas. The standard of care for treating these cancers includes surgery and ablative therapies. However, in recent years, targeted therapies (e.g., cetuximab for cSCC and vismodegib/sonidegib for BCC) have been used to treat advanced disease as well as immunotherapy (e.g., cemiplimab). These treatments are expensive and have significant toxicities with objective response rates approaching ~50–65%. Hence, there is a need to dissect the molecular pathogenesis of these cancers to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve disease management. Several cancer-testis antigens (CTA) and developmental genes (including embryonic stem cell factors and fetal genes) are ectopically expressed in BCC and cSCC. When ectopically expressed in malignant tissues, functions of these genes may be recaptured to promote tumorigenesis. CTAs and developmental genes are emerging as important players in the pathogenesis of BCC and cSCC, positioning themselves as attractive candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets requiring rigorous testing. Herein, we review the current research and offer perspectives on the contributions of CTAs and developmental genes to the pathogenesis of keratinocyte carcinomas.
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20
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Chen H, Hu K, Xie Y, Qi Y, Li W, He Y, Fan S, Liu W, Li C. CDK1 Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Migration of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Repressing ∆Np63α-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137385. [PMID: 35806389 PMCID: PMC9266818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
∆Np63α is a key transcription factor overexpressed in types of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), which represses epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. In this study, we found that CDK1 phosphorylates ∆Np63α at the T123 site, impairing its affinity to the target promoters of its downstream genes and its regulation of them in turn. Database analysis revealed that CDK1 is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), especially the metastatic HNSCCs, and is negatively correlated with overall survival. We further found that CDK1 promotes the EMT and migration of HNSCC cells by inhibiting ∆Np63α. Altogether, our study identified CDK1 as a novel regulator of ΔNp63α, which can modulate EMT and cell migration in HNSCCs. Our findings will help to elucidate the migration mechanism of HNSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
| | - Ke Hu
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
| | - Ying Xie
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
| | - Yucheng Qi
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
| | - Wenjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.L.); (Y.H.); (W.L.)
| | - Yaohui He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.L.); (Y.H.); (W.L.)
| | - Shijie Fan
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.L.); (Y.H.); (W.L.)
| | - Chenghua Li
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.C.); (K.H.); (Y.X.); (Y.Q.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Oyelakin A, Nayak KB, Glathar AR, Gluck C, Wrynn T, Tugores A, Romano RA, Sinha S. EHF is a novel regulator of cellular redox metabolism and predicts patient prognosis in HNSCC. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac017. [PMID: 35664541 PMCID: PMC9155246 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease with relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. The lack of effective therapies, high recurrence rates and drug resistance driven in part, by tumor heterogeneity, contribute to the poor prognosis for patients diagnosed with this cancer. This problem is further exacerbated by the fact that key regulatory factors contributing to the disease diversity remains largely elusive. Here, we have identified EHF as an important member of the ETS family of transcription factors that is highly expressed in normal oral tissues, but lost during HNSCC progression. Interestingly, HNSCC tumors and cell lines exhibited a dichotomy of high and low EHF expression, and patients whose tumors retained EHF expression showed significantly better prognosis, suggesting a potential tumor suppressive role for EHF. To address this, we have performed gain and loss of function studies and leveraged bulk and single-cell cancer genomic datasets to identify global EHF targets by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation and next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments of HNSCC cell lines. These mechanistic studies have revealed that EHF, acts as a regulator of a broad spectrum of metabolic processes, specifically targeting regulators of redox homeostasis such as NRF2 and SOX2. Our immunostaining results confirm the mutually exclusive expression patterns of EHF and SOX2 in HNSCC tumors and suggest a possible role for these two factors in establishing discrete metabolic states within the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, EHF may serve as a novel prognostic marker for classifying HNSCC patients for actionable and targeted therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinsola Oyelakin
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kasturi Bala Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Ruth Glathar
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian Gluck
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Theresa Wrynn
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Tugores
- Unidad de Investigación, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil Avda Maritima del Sur, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rose-Anne Romano
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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22
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OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG co-regulate glycolysis and participate in somatic induced reprogramming. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:371-383. [DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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23
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Salas JR, Clark PM. SIGNALING PATHWAYS THAT DRIVE 18F-FDG ACCUMULATION IN CANCER. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:659-663. [PMID: 35241480 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
2-18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) measures glucose consumption and is an integral part of cancer management. Most cancer types upregulate their glucose consumption, yielding elevated 18F-FDG PET accumulation in those cancer cells. The biochemical pathway through which 18F-FDG accumulates in cancer cells is well-established. However, beyond well-known regulators such as c-Myc, PI3K/Akt, and HIF1α, the proteins and signaling pathways that cancer cells modulate to activate the facilitated glucose transporters (GLUTs) and hexokinase enzymes that drive elevated 18F-FDG accumulation are less well-understood. Understanding these signaling pathways could yield additional biological insights from 18F-FDG PET scans and could suggest new uses of 18F-FDG PET in the management of cancer. Work over the past five years, building on studies from years prior, has identified new proteins and signaling pathways that drive glucose consumption in cancer. Here we review these recent studies and discuss current limitations to our understanding of glucose consumption in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter M Clark
- University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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24
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Lau KTK, Ng L, Wong JWH, Loong HHF, Chan WWL, Lee CH, Wong CKH. Repurposing sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) for cancer treatment - A Review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:1121-1136. [PMID: 34272645 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Developed as an antidiabetic drug, recent evidence suggests that several sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), especially canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, may exhibit in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities in selected cancer types, including an inhibition of tumor growth and induction of cell death. When used in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, SGLT2i may offer possible synergistic effects in enhancing their treatment efficacy while alleviating associated side effects. Potential mechanisms include a reduction of glucose uptake into cancer cells, systemic glucose restriction, modulation of multiple signaling pathways, and regulation of different gene and protein expression. Furthermore, preliminary clinical findings have reported potential anticancer properties of canagliflozin and dapagliflozin in patients with liver and colon cancers respectively, with reference to decreases in their tumor marker levels. Given its general tolerability and routine use in diabetes management, SGLT2i may be a good candidate for drug repurposing in cancer treatment and as adjunct to conventional therapies. While current evidence reveals that only certain SGLT2i appear to be effective against selected cancer types, further studies are needed to explore the antitumor abilities of each SGLT2i in various cancers. Moreover, clinical trials are called for to evaluate the safety and feasibility of introducing SGLT2i in the treatment regimen of patients with specific cancers, and to identify the preferred route of drug administration for targeted delivery to selected tumor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy T K Lau
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lui Ng
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jason W H Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Li Ka Shing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Herbert H F Loong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wendy W L Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carlos K H Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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25
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Иванникова ЕВ, Алташина МВ, Трошина ЕА. [The ketogenic diet: history, mechanism of action, indications and contraindications]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2021; 68:49-72. [PMID: 35262297 PMCID: PMC9761873 DOI: 10.14341/probl12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-carb diets have been successfully used to alleviate a number of severe neurological diseases for about 100 years. The publication of the results of new studies suggesting that this type of diet may play a therapeutic role in other pathologies such as diabetes, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, and oncology is of particular interest for both doctors and the public. However, the long-term safety of using a low-carb or ketogenic diet, as well as its impact, primarily on the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, remains poorly studied. This article presents the results of observation of patients against the background of a low-carbohydrate diet, both in the short-term perspective as well as provides an assessment of its long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - М. В. Алташина
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр
эндокринологии
| | - Е. А. Трошина
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр
эндокринологии
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26
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Leite TC, Watters RJ, Weiss KR, Intini G. Avenues of research in dietary interventions to target tumor metabolism in osteosarcoma. J Transl Med 2021; 19:450. [PMID: 34715874 PMCID: PMC8555297 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone cancer, affecting mostly children and adolescents. Although much progress has been made throughout the years towards treating primary OS, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic OS has remained at only 20% for the last 30 years. Therefore, more efficient treatments are needed. Recent studies have shown that tumor metabolism displays a unique behavior, and plays important roles in tumor growth and metastasis, making it an attractive potential target for novel therapies. While normal cells typically fuel the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway with the products of glycolysis, cancer cells acquire a plastic metabolism, uncoupling these two pathways. This allows them to obtain building blocks for proliferation from glycolytic intermediates and ATP from OXPHOS. One way to target the metabolism of cancer cells is through dietary interventions. However, while some diets have shown anticancer effects against certain tumor types in preclinical studies, as of yet none have been tested to treat OS. Here we review the features of tumor metabolism, in general and about OS, and propose avenues of research in dietary intervention, discussing strategies that could potentially be effective to target OS metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiana Campos Leite
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Jean Watters
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kurt Richard Weiss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Intini
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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27
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Dey S, Ashrafi A, Vidal C, Jain N, Kalainayakan SP, Ghosh P, Alemi PS, Salamat N, Konduri PC, Kim JW, Zhang L. Heme Sequestration Effectively Suppresses the Development and Progression of Both Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:139-149. [PMID: 34635508 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two most common subtypes of lung cancer. Here, to identify new, targetable molecular properties of both subtypes, we monitored changes in the levels of heme- and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-related proteins during lung tumorigenesis. Heme is a central molecule for oxidative metabolism and ATP generation via OXPHOS. Notably, both lung ADC and SCC tumors can be induced in the genetically engineered KLLuc mouse model harboring the G12D Kras mutation and a conditional Lkb1 knockout. We found that the levels of the rate-limiting heme synthesis enzyme ALAS1 and uptake protein SLC48A1, along with OXPHOS complex subunits, progressively increased as lung tumorigenesis advanced. Our data demonstrated that elevated levels of heme- and OXPHOS-related proteins were associated with both ADC and SCC. Importantly, treatment of KLLuc mice with a heme-sequestering protein, HeSP2, that inhibits heme uptake in tumor cells effectively arrested lung tumor progression, and both ADC and SCC tumors were strongly suppressed. Additionally, HeSP2 effectively suppressed the growth of both SCC and ADC tumor xenografts in NOD/SCID mice. Further analyses indicated that HeSP2 effectively diminished OXPHOS in both ADC and SCC, reduced angiogenesis, alleviated tumor hypoxia, and suppressed cell proliferation. These results show that the advancing of lung tumorigenesis requires progressive increase in cellular heme synthesis and uptake, leading to intensified OXPHOS activity and ATP generation and promoting aggressive tumorigenic functions. IMPLICATIONS: Heme sequestration is an effective strategy for the suppression of both ADC and SCC tumor initiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchareeka Dey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Adnin Ashrafi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Chantal Vidal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Nivesh Jain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | | | - Poorva Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Parinaz Sadat Alemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Narges Salamat
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | | | - Jung-Whan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
- ReCerise Therapeutics Inc, Korea
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
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28
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Glenny EM, Coleman MF, Giles ED, Wellberg EA, Hursting SD. Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer. Annu Rev Nutr 2021; 41:253-282. [PMID: 34357792 PMCID: PMC8900211 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diet and nutrition are intricately related to cancer prevention, growth, and treatment response. Preclinical rodent models are a cornerstone to biomedical research and remain instrumental in our understanding of the relationship between cancer and diet and in the development of effective therapeutics. However, the success rate of translating promising findings from the bench to the bedside is suboptimal. Well-designed rodent models will be crucial to improving the impact basic science has on clinical treatment options. This review discusses essential experimental factors to consider when designing a preclinical cancer model with an emphasis on incorporatingthese models into studies interrogating diet, nutrition, and metabolism. The aims of this review are to (a) provide insight into relevant considerations when designing cancer models for obesity, nutrition, and metabolism research; (b) identify common pitfalls when selecting a rodent model; and (c) discuss strengths and limitations of available preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Glenny
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Michael F Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Erin D Giles
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
| | - Stephen D Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA
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29
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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mediation by the Disruptive Activity of Environmental Toxicants on Sex Hormone Receptors: In Silico Evaluation. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100255. [PMID: 34678951 PMCID: PMC8538912 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the disruptive activity of environmental toxicants on sex hormone receptors mediating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Toxicokinetics, gene target prediction, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and gene network analysis were applied in silico techniques. From the results, permethrin, perfluorooctanoic acid, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, O-phenylphenol, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol were the active toxic compounds that could modulate androgen (AR) and estrogen-α and -β receptors (ER) to induce T2DM. Early growth response 1 (EGR1), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), and tumour protein 63 (TP63) were the major transcription factors, while mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) were the major kinases upregulated by these toxicants via interactions with intermediary proteins such as PTEN, AKT1, NfKβ1, SMAD3 and others in the gene network analysis to mediate T2DM. These toxicants pose a major challenge to public health; hence, monitoring their manufacture, use, and disposal should be enforced. This would ensure reduced interaction between people and these toxic chemicals, thereby reducing the incidence and prevalence of T2DM.
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30
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Kumar K, Chawla R. Nanocarriers-mediated therapeutics as a promising approach for treatment and diagnosis of lung cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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31
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Wang X, Chen Y, Wang X, Tian H, Wang Y, Jin J, Shan Z, Liu Y, Cai Z, Tong X, Luan Y, Tan X, Luan B, Ge X, Ji H, Jiang X, Wang P. Stem cell factor SOX2 confers ferroptosis resistance in lung cancer via upregulation of SLC7A11. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5217-5229. [PMID: 34385181 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a lipid peroxidation-dependent cell death caused by metabolic dysfunction. Ferroptosis-associated enzymes are promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, such therapeutic strategies show limited efficacy due to drug resistance and other largely unknown underlying mechanisms. Here we report that cystine transporter SLC7A11 is upregulated in lung cancer stem-like cells (CSLC) and can be activated by stem cell transcriptional factor SOX2. Mutation of SOX2 binding site in SLC7A11 promoter reduced SLC7A11 expression and increased sensitivity to ferroptosis in cancer cells. Oxidation at Cys265 of SOX2 inhibited its activity and decreased the self-renewal capacity of CSLCs. Moreover, tumors with high SOX2 expression were more resistant to ferroptosis, and SLC7A11 expression was positively correlated with SOX2 in both mouse and human lung cancer tissue. Together, our study provides a mechanism by which cancer cells evade ferroptosis and suggests that oxidation of SOX2 can be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Yueqing Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
| | - Xudong Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Hongling Tian
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | | | - Jiali Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University
| | - Zezhi Shan
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Tongji University
| | - Xinyuan Tong
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
| | - Yi Luan
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Xiao Tan
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Bing Luan
- Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Xin Ge
- Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology, Memoria Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
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Tsai KF, Chen YL, Chiou TTY, Chu TH, Li LC, Ng HY, Lee WC, Lee CT. Emergence of SGLT2 Inhibitors as Powerful Antioxidants in Human Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1166. [PMID: 34439414 PMCID: PMC8388972 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral glucose-lowering agents. Apart from their glucose-lowering effects, large clinical trials assessing certain SGLT2 inhibitors have revealed cardiac and renal protective effects in non-diabetic patients. These excellent outcomes motivated scientists and clinical professionals to revisit their underlying mechanisms. In addition to the heart and kidney, redox homeostasis is crucial in several human diseases, including liver diseases, neural disorders, and cancers, with accumulating preclinical studies demonstrating the therapeutic benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors. In the present review, we aimed to update recent advances in the antioxidant roles of SGLT2 inhibitors in common but debilitating human diseases. We anticipate that this review will guide new research directions and novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, nephropathies, liver diseases, neural disorders, and cancers in the era of SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Fan Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
| | - Yung-Lung Chen
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Terry Ting-Yu Chiou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Huei Chu
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- Biobank and Tissue Bank, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Chih Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (K.-F.T.); (T.T.-Y.C.); (L.-C.L.); (H.-Y.N.)
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Kim T, Lee K, Nahm JH, Kim EY, Lee SH, Chang YS. Methionyl-tRNA synthetase and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases interacting multi-functional protein-lacking exon 2 as potential diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3135-3144. [PMID: 34249450 PMCID: PMC8263685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytological specimens from computed tomography (CT)-guided needle aspiration biopsy (CT-NAB) have relatively low sensitivity for lung cancer diagnosis. This study evaluated the usefulness of the dual immunofluorescence (IF) staining method using methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MARS), aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases interacting multi-functional protein-lacking exon 2 (AIMP2-DX2), and pan-cytokeratin (pan-CK) obtained from clinical specimens. One-hundred forty-five cytology specimens were prospectively collected from patients who underwent CT-NAB under the suspicion of lung cancer. The results of two combinations of MARS, AIMP2-DX2, and pan-CK dual IF staining were compared with those of conventional cytology by calculating the area under the curve (AUC). The results of combining dual IF with conventional cytology showed higher AUC than conventional cytology alone: cytology/MARS/AIMP2-DX2 (0.891 vs. 0.829, P = 0.003), cytology/MARS/pan-CK (0.916 vs. 0.829, P < 0.001), and cytology/AIMP2-DX2/pan-CK (0.877 vs. 0.829, P = 0.005). In specimens with non-diagnostic results in conventional cytology, MARS/AIMP2-DX2 dual IF staining showed sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of 60.0%, 86.4%, and 0.79, respectively. The dual IF staining method using two combinations of MARS, AIMP2-DX2, and pan-CK is an effective diagnostic tool that can improve the lung cancer diagnostic yield by complementing conventional cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
| | - Kyosun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
| | - Ji Hae Nahm
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 06229, Korea
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Su PH, Huang RL, Lai HC, Chen LY, Weng YC, Wang CC, Wu CC. NKX6-1 mediates cancer stem-like properties and regulates sonic hedgehog signaling in leiomyosarcoma. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:32. [PMID: 33906647 PMCID: PMC8077933 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leiomyosarcoma (LMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma, exhibits heterogeneous and complex genetic karyotypes with severe chromosomal instability and rearrangement and poor prognosis. Methods Clinical variables associated with NKX6-1 were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). NKX6-1 mRNA expression was examined in 49 human uterine tissues. The in vitro effects of NXK6-1 in LMS cells were determined by reverse transcriptase PCR, western blotting, colony formation, spheroid formation, and cell viability assays. In vivo tumor growth was evaluated in nude mice. Results Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and human uterine tissue datasets, we observed that NKX6-1 expression was associated with poor prognosis and malignant potential in LMS. NKX6-1 enhanced in vitro tumor cell aggressiveness via upregulation of cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth and promoted in vivo tumor growth. Moreover, overexpression and knockdown of NKX6-1 were associated with upregulation and downregulation, respectively, of stem cell transcription factors, including KLF8, MYC, and CD49F, and affected sphere formation, chemoresistance, NOTCH signaling and Sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathways in human sarcoma cells. Importantly, treatment with an SHH inhibitor (RU-SKI 43) but not a NOTCH inhibitor (DAPT) reduced cell survival in NKX6-1-expressing cancer cells, indicating that an SHH inhibitor could be useful in treating LMS. Finally, using the TCGA dataset, we demonstrated that LMS patients with high expression of NKX6-1 and HHAT, an SHH pathway acyltransferase, had poorer survival outcomes compared to those without. Conclusions Our findings indicate that NKX6-1 and HHAT play critical roles in the pathogenesis of LMS and could be promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for LMS patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-021-00726-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsuan Su
- Translational Epigenetics Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Lan Huang
- Translational Epigenetics Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Translational Epigenetics Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Yu Chen
- Translational Epigenetics Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Weng
- Translational Epigenetics Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu District, No. 325, Sec. 2, Chengong Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu District, No. 325, Sec. 2, Chengong Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
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35
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TP63 Is Significantly Upregulated in Diabetic Kidney. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084070. [PMID: 33920782 PMCID: PMC8071143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of tumor protein 63 (TP63) in regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and other downstream signal proteins in diabetes has not been characterized. RNAs extracted from kidneys of diabetic mice (db/db) were sequenced to identify genes that are involved in kidney complications. RNA sequence analysis showed more than 4- to 6-fold increases in TP63 expression in the diabetic mice’s kidneys, compared to wild-type mice at age 10 and 12 months old. In addition, the kidneys from diabetic mice showed significant increases in TP63 mRNA and protein expression compared to WT mice. Mouse proximal tubular cells exposed to high glucose (HG) for 48 h showed significant decreases in IRS-1 expression and increases in TP63, compared to cells grown in normal glucose (NG). When TP63 was downregulated by siRNA, significant increases in IRS-1 and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK (p-AMPK-Th172)) occurred under NG and HG conditions. Moreover, activation of AMPK by pretreating the cells with AICAR resulted in significant downregulation of TP63 and increased IRS-1 expression. Ad-cDNA-mediated over-expression of tuberin resulted in significantly decreased TP63 levels and upregulation of IRS-1 expression. Furthermore, TP63 knockdown resulted in increased glucose uptake, whereas IRS-1 knockdown resulted in a decrease in the glucose uptake. Altogether, animal and cell culture data showed a potential role of TP63 as a new candidate gene involved in regulating IRS-1 that may be used as a new therapeutic target to prevent kidney complications in diabetes.
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Choe JH, Mazambani S, Kim TH, Kim JW. Oxidative Stress and the Intersection of Oncogenic Signaling and Metabolism in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cells 2021; 10:606. [PMID: 33803326 PMCID: PMC8000417 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) arise from both stratified squamous and non-squamous epithelium of diverse anatomical sites and collectively represent one of the most frequent solid tumors, accounting for more than one million cancer deaths annually. Despite this prevalence, SCC patients have not fully benefited from recent advances in molecularly targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Rather, decades old platinum-based or radiation regimens retaining limited specificity to the unique characteristics of SCC remain first-line treatment options. Historically, a lack of a consolidated perspective on genetic aberrations driving oncogenic transformation and other such factors essential for SCC pathogenesis and intrinsic confounding cellular heterogeneity in SCC have contributed to a critical dearth in effective and specific therapies. However, emerging evidence characterizing the distinct genomic, epigenetic, and metabolic landscapes of SCC may be elucidating unifying features in a seemingly heterogeneous disease. In this review, by describing distinct metabolic alterations and genetic drivers of SCC revealed by recent studies, we aim to establish a conceptual framework for a previously unappreciated network of oncogenic signaling, redox perturbation, and metabolic reprogramming that may reveal targetable vulnerabilities at their intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua H. Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Simbarashe Mazambani
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Jung-whan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
- Research and Development, VeraVerse Inc., 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Metabolic Regulation of Epigenetic Modifications and Cell Differentiation in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123788. [PMID: 33339101 PMCID: PMC7765496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells change their metabolism to support a chaotic and uncontrolled growth. In addition to meeting the metabolic needs of the cell, these changes in metabolism also affect the patterns of gene activation, changing the identity of cancer cells. As a consequence, cancer cells become more aggressive and more resistant to treatments. In this article, we present a review of the literature on the interactions between metabolism and cell identity, and we explore the mechanisms by which metabolic changes affect gene regulation. This is important because recent therapies under active investigation target both metabolism and gene regulation. The interactions of these new therapies with existing chemotherapies are not known and need to be investigated. Abstract Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, with consistent rewiring of glucose, glutamine, and mitochondrial metabolism. While these metabolic alterations are adequate to meet the metabolic needs of cell growth and proliferation, the changes in critical metabolites have also consequences for the regulation of the cell differentiation state. Cancer evolution is characterized by progression towards a poorly differentiated, stem-like phenotype, and epigenetic modulation of the chromatin structure is an important prerequisite for the maintenance of an undifferentiated state by repression of lineage-specific genes. Epigenetic modifiers depend on intermediates of cellular metabolism both as substrates and as co-factors. Therefore, the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in cancer likely plays an important role in the process of the de-differentiation characteristic of the neoplastic process. Here, we review the epigenetic consequences of metabolic reprogramming in cancer, with particular focus on the role of mitochondrial intermediates and hypoxia in the regulation of cellular de-differentiation. We also discuss therapeutic implications.
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Zou Y, Fineberg S, Pearlman A, Feinman RD, Fine EJ. The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233662. [PMID: 33270630 PMCID: PMC7714189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of diet in cancer, in general, and breast cancer in particular, are not well understood. Insulin inhibition in ketogenic, high fat diets, modulate downstream signaling molecules and are postulated to have therapeutic benefits. Obesity and diabetes have been associated with higher incidence of breast cancer. Addition of anti-cancer drugs together with diet is also not well studied. METHODS Two diets, one ketogenic, the other standard mouse chow, were tested in a spontaneous breast cancer model in 34 mice. Subgroups of 3-9 mice were assigned, in which the diet were implemented either with or without added rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and potential anti-cancer drug. RESULTS Blood glucose and insulin concentrations in mice ingesting the ketogenic diet (KD) were significantly lower, whereas beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were significantly higher, respectively, than in mice on the standard diet (SD). Growth of primary breast tumors and lung metastases were inhibited, and lifespans were longer in the KD mice compared to mice on the SD (p<0.005). Rapamycin improved survival in both mouse diet groups, but when combined with the KD was more effective than when combined with the SD. CONCLUSIONS The study provides proof of principle that a ketogenic diet a) results in serum insulin reduction and ketosis in a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model; b) can serve as a therapeutic anti-cancer agent; and c) can enhance the effects of rapamycin, an anti-cancer drug, permitting dose reduction for comparable effect. Further, the ketogenic diet in this model produces superior cancer control than standard mouse chow whether with or without added rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Zou
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Susan Fineberg
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Alexander Pearlman
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Feinman
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Eugene J. Fine
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee Y, Joo J, Lee YJ, Lee EK, Park S, Kim TS, Lee SH, Kim SY, Wie GA, Park M, Kim MJ, Lee JS, Han JY. Randomized phase II study of platinum-based chemotherapy plus controlled diet with or without metformin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2020; 151:8-15. [PMID: 33278671 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulating evidence indicates anti-diabetic drug metformin has anti-cancer effect by controlling cancer metabolism. We evaluated whether addition of metformin to chemotherapy improved survival of lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized phase II study enrolled 164 patients with chemo-native, EGFR-ALK wild-type, stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were randomized to receive chemotherapy either with metformin (1000 mg twice daily) or alone every 3 weeks for six cycles. The patients received gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) on days 1 and 8 and carboplatin (5 area under the curve) on day 1. Exploratory studies included serum metabolic panels, positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging, and genetic mutation tests for metabolism-related genes. RESULTS Metformin group showed no significant difference in the risk of progression and death compared to control group (progression: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.01 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.72 - 1.42], P = 0.935; death: HR = 0.95 [95% CI = 0.67-1.34], P = 0.757). Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) had significantly higher fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on baseline PET image than non-SqCC NSCLC (P = 0.004). In the SqCC with high FDG uptake, the addition of metformin significantly decreased the risk of progression and death (progression: HR = 0.31 [95% CI = 0.12-0.78], P = 0.013; death: HR = 0.42 [95% CI = 0.18-0.94], P = 0.035). The HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased after the treatment in metformin group compared to control group (P = 0.011). The metformin group showed no survival benefit in the patients with hyperinsulinemia or patients whose insulin level was decreased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Addition of metformin to chemotherapy provided no survival benefit in unselected NSCLC patients. However, it significantly improved the survival of the selected patients with SqCC showing high FDG uptake. It suggests metformin shows the synergistic anti-tumor effect in the tumor which are highly dependent on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjoo Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungnam Joo
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - You Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Lee
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyung-Ah Wie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoung Park
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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Yi M, Tan Y, Wang L, Cai J, Li X, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Li G, Li X, Tan P, Xiang B. TP63 links chromatin remodeling and enhancer reprogramming to epidermal differentiation and squamous cell carcinoma development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4325-4346. [PMID: 32447427 PMCID: PMC7588389 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an aggressive malignancy that can originate from various organs. TP63 is a master regulator that plays an essential role in epidermal differentiation. It is also a lineage-dependent oncogene in SCC. ΔNp63α is the prominent isoform of TP63 expressed in epidermal cells and SCC, and overexpression promotes SCC development through a variety of mechanisms. Recently, ΔNp63α was highlighted to act as an epidermal-specific pioneer factor that binds closed chromatin and enhances chromatin accessibility at epidermal enhancers. ΔNp63α coordinates chromatin-remodeling enzymes to orchestrate the tissue-specific enhancer landscape and three-dimensional high-order architecture of chromatin. Moreover, ΔNp63α establishes squamous-like enhancer landscapes to drive oncogenic target expression during SCC development. Importantly, ΔNp63α acts as an upstream regulator of super enhancers to activate a number of oncogenic transcripts linked to poor prognosis in SCC. Mechanistically, ΔNp63α activates genes transcription through physically interacting with a number of epigenetic modulators to establish enhancers and enhance chromatin accessibility. In contrast, ΔNp63α also represses gene transcription via interacting with repressive epigenetic regulators. ΔNp63α expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In this review, we summarize recent advances of p63 in epigenomic and transcriptional control, as well as the mechanistic regulation of p63.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yixin Tan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Pingqing Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Abstract
Elevated circulating insulin levels are frequently observed in the setting of obesity and early type 2 diabetes, as a result of insensitivity of metabolic tissues to the effects of insulin. Higher levels of circulating insulin have been associated with increased cancer risk and progression in epidemiology studies. Elevated circulating insulin is believed to be a major factor linking obesity, diabetes and cancer. With the development of targeted cancer therapies, insulin signalling has emerged as a mechanism of therapeutic resistance. Although metabolic tissues become insensitive to insulin in the setting of obesity, a number of mechanisms allow cancer cells to maintain their ability to respond to insulin. Significant progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the insulin receptor and its signalling pathways in cancer, and a number of lessons have been learnt from therapeutic failures. These discoveries have led to numerous clinical trials that have aimed to reduce the levels of circulating insulin and to abrogate insulin signalling in cancer cells. With the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes worldwide, and the realization that hyperinsulinaemia may contribute to therapeutic failures, it is essential to understand how insulin and insulin receptor signalling promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Mu E, Wang J, Chen L, Lin S, Chen J, Huang X. Ketogenic diet induces autophagy to alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in murine models. Exp Lung Res 2020; 47:26-36. [PMID: 33121292 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1840667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Ketogenic diet (KD) has been identified as an effective strategy in treating multiple diseases. KD is capable of inducing autophagy which is an important therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis (PF). This study aimed to investigate the effect of KD treatment on PF progression. Materials and Methods: Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg) to establish PF model in male Kunming mice fed either KD or standard diet. The survival of mice was recorded every day for 3 weeks. The pulmonary tissues were weighed on day 21 and the pulmonary index was calculated. The histopathological changes of pulmonary tissues were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining, and the collagen deposition by hydroxyproline assay. Then the content of proinflammatory factors in pulmonary tissues was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of profibrogenic cytokines, autophagy markers and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins in pulmonary tissues using western blotting or immunohistochemistry. Results: KD treatment significantly restored the BLM-induced increase of pulmonary index and had a tendency to increase the survival rate of PF mice. Furthermore, KD treatment restored the BLM-induced damage of alveolar structure, infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition and decreased hydroxyproline content. In addition, the BLM-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β and expression of transforming growth factor β1, phospho-Smad2/3, connective tissue growth factor, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type III alpha 1 chain were inhibited by KD. KD treatment also up-regulated the expression of light chain 3 II/I and Beclin1 and down-regulated the expression of p62, phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR and phospho-p70S6K, suggesting that KD induced autophagy and suppressed the BLM-induced activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusions: These findings indicate that KD can alleviate PF in vivo by regulating autophagy and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which provides a novel therapeutic strategy for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Mu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuirong Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieming Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Guo Y, Liu J, Luo J, You X, Weng H, Wang M, Ouyang T, Li X, Liao X, Wang M, Lan Z, Shi Y, Chen S. Molecular Profiling Reveals Common and Specific Development Processes in Different Types of Gynecologic Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:584793. [PMID: 33194730 PMCID: PMC7658613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.584793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynecologic cancers have become a major threat to women's health. The molecular biology of gynecologic cancers is not as well understood as that of breast cancer, and precision targeting is still new. Although viewed collectively as a group of cancers within the female reproductive system, they are more often studied separately. A comprehensive within-group comparison on molecular profiles is lacking. METHODS We conducted a whole-exome sequencing study of cervical/endometrial/ovarian cancer samples from 209 Chinese patients. We combined our data with genomic and transcriptomic data from relevant TCGA cohorts to identify and verify common/exclusive molecular changes in cervical/endometrial/ovarian cancer. RESULTS We identified shared molecular features including a COSMIC signature of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), four recurrent copy-number variation (CNV) events, and extensive alterations in PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling and cilium component genes; we also identified transcription factors and pathways that are exclusively altered in cervical/endometrial/ovarian cancer. The functions of the commonly/exclusively altered genomic circuits suggest (1) a common reprogramming process during early tumor initiation, which involves PI3K activation, defects in mismatch repair and cilium organization, as well as disruption in interferon signaling and immune recognition; (2) a cell-type specific program at late-stage tumor development that eventually lead to tumor proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION This study describes, from a molecular point of view, how similar and how different gynecologic cancers are, and it provides a hypothesis about the causes of the observed similarities and differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Guo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin You
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Weng
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Minyi Wang
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Maocai Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoji Lan
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujian Shi
- Department of Research, Top Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancer cachexia cannot be easily reversed by standard nutritional support and interventions directed at underlying metabolic derangements may be needed to prevent or reverse cachexia and maintain healthy body composition. The following review will highlight the contribution and potential therapeutic interventions for insulin resistance, alterations in ghrelin signaling, and hypogonadism in cancer patients. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to decreased caloric intake, chronic inflammation, and altered metabolism of glucose, proteins and lipids, endocrine abnormalities can propagate weight loss or changes in body composition in cancer patients. SUMMARY Cancer cachexia, loss of muscle mass with or without the loss of fat mass, is a multifactorial syndrome, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, limited therapeutic options for the treatment of weight loss in cancer patients exist, which lead to clinically meaningful improvements in weight gain and performance status. Treatment directed at underlying insulin resistance, low testosterone, and altered ghrelin sensitivity, in the future, may lead to potential therapeutic options for loss of lean body mass and cancer cachexia.
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Abstract
p63 (also known as TP63) is a transcription factor of the p53 family, along with p73. Multiple isoforms of p63 have been discovered and these have diverse functions encompassing a wide array of cell biology. p63 isoforms are implicated in lineage specification, proliferative potential, differentiation, cell death and survival, DNA damage response and metabolism. Furthermore, p63 is linked to human disease states including cancer. p63 is critical to many aspects of cell signaling, and in this Cell science at a glance article and the accompanying poster, we focus on the signaling cascades regulating TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms and those that are regulated by TAp63 and ΔNp63, as well the role of p63 in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Fisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Seamus Balinth
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.,Stony Brook University, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Alea A Mills
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
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Perry RJ, Shulman GI. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: Understanding the mechanisms for therapeutic promise and persisting risks. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14379-14390. [PMID: 32796035 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.008387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a healthy person, the kidney filters nearly 200 g of glucose per day, almost all of which is reabsorbed. The primary transporter responsible for renal glucose reabsorption is sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2). Based on the impact of SGLT2 to prevent renal glucose wasting, SGLT2 inhibitors have been developed to treat diabetes and are the newest class of glucose-lowering agents approved in the United States. By inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule, these agents promote glycosuria, thereby reducing blood glucose concentrations and often resulting in modest weight loss. Recent work in humans and rodents has demonstrated that the clinical utility of these agents may not be limited to diabetes management: SGLT2 inhibitors have also shown therapeutic promise in improving outcomes in heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and, in preclinical studies, certain cancers. Unfortunately, these benefits are not without risk: SGLT2 inhibitors predispose to euglycemic ketoacidosis in those with type 2 diabetes and, largely for this reason, are not approved to treat type 1 diabetes. The mechanism for each of the beneficial and harmful effects of SGLT2 inhibitors-with the exception of their effect to lower plasma glucose concentrations-is an area of active investigation. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which these drugs cause euglycemic ketoacidosis and hyperglucagonemia and stimulate hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as their beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease and cancer. In so doing, we aim to highlight the crucial role for selecting patients for SGLT2 inhibitor therapy and highlight several crucial questions that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Perry
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Xu Q, Li Y, Gao X, Kang K, Williams JG, Tong L, Liu J, Ji M, Deterding LJ, Tong X, Locasale JW, Li L, Shats I, Li X. HNF4α regulates sulfur amino acid metabolism and confers sensitivity to methionine restriction in liver cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3978. [PMID: 32770044 PMCID: PMC7414133 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17818-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine restriction, a dietary regimen that protects against metabolic diseases and aging, represses cancer growth and improves cancer therapy. However, the response of different cancer cells to this nutritional manipulation is highly variable, and the molecular determinants of this heterogeneity remain poorly understood. Here we report that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) dictates the sensitivity of liver cancer to methionine restriction. We show that hepatic sulfur amino acid (SAA) metabolism is under transcriptional control of HNF4α. Knocking down HNF4α or SAA enzymes in HNF4α-positive epithelial liver cancer lines impairs SAA metabolism, increases resistance to methionine restriction or sorafenib, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and induces cell migration. Conversely, genetic or metabolic restoration of the transsulfuration pathway in SAA metabolism significantly alleviates the outcomes induced by HNF4α deficiency in liver cancer cells. Our study identifies HNF4α as a regulator of hepatic SAA metabolism that regulates the sensitivity of liver cancer to methionine restriction. The molecular determinants of differential responses of different cancer cells to methionine restriction are poorly understood. Here the authors show that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α regulates sulfur amino acid metabolism and dictates the sensitivity of liver cancer to this dietary manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kai Kang
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jason G Williams
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Lingfeng Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200001, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ming Ji
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Leesa J Deterding
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Xuemei Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200001, Shanghai, China
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Leping Li
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Igor Shats
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
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Contat C, Ancey PB, Zangger N, Sabatino S, Pascual J, Escrig S, Jensen L, Goepfert C, Lanz B, Lepore M, Gruetter R, Rossier A, Berezowska S, Neppl C, Zlobec I, Clerc-Rosset S, Knott GW, Rathmell JC, Abel ED, Meibom A, Meylan E. Combined deletion of Glut1 and Glut3 impairs lung adenocarcinoma growth. eLife 2020; 9:e53618. [PMID: 32571479 PMCID: PMC7311173 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose utilization increases in tumors, a metabolic process that is observed clinically by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET). However, is increased glucose uptake important for tumor cells, and which transporters are implicated in vivo? In a genetically-engineered mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma, we show that the deletion of only one highly expressed glucose transporter, Glut1 or Glut3, in cancer cells does not impair tumor growth, whereas their combined loss diminishes tumor development. 18F-FDG-PET analyses of tumors demonstrate that Glut1 and Glut3 loss decreases glucose uptake, which is mainly dependent on Glut1. Using 13C-glucose tracing with correlated nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and electron microscopy, we also report the presence of lamellar body-like organelles in tumor cells accumulating glucose-derived biomass, depending partially on Glut1. Our results demonstrate the requirement for two glucose transporters in lung adenocarcinoma, the dual blockade of which could reach therapeutic responses not achieved by individual targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Contat
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Pierre-Benoit Ancey
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Nadine Zangger
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Silvia Sabatino
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Justine Pascual
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Stéphane Escrig
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Louise Jensen
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Christine Goepfert
- Institute of Animal Pathology (COMPATH), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, and Histology Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Bernard Lanz
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Mario Lepore
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Anouk Rossier
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Inti Zlobec
- Institute of Pathology, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Stéphanie Clerc-Rosset
- BioEM Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Graham William Knott
- BioEM Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Anders Meibom
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Center for Advanced Surface Analysis, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center LémanLausanneSwitzerland
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Huang T, Yang J, Liu B, Fu L. A new mouse esophageal cancer cell line (mEC25)-derived pre-clinical syngeneic tumor model for immunotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:316-320. [PMID: 32510874 PMCID: PMC7365451 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tuxiong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518037, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518037, P. R. China
| | - Beilei Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518037, P. R. China
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50
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Tajan M, Vousden KH. Dietary Approaches to Cancer Therapy. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:767-785. [PMID: 32413275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The concept that dietary changes could improve the response to cancer therapy is extremely attractive to many patients, who are highly motivated to take control of at least some aspect of their treatment. Growing insight into cancer metabolism is highlighting the importance of nutrient supply to tumor development and therapeutic response. Cancers show diverse metabolic requirements, influenced by factors such as tissue of origin, microenvironment, and genetics. Dietary modulation will therefore need to be matched to the specific characteristics of both cancers and treatment, a precision approach requiring a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that determine the metabolic vulnerabilities of each cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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