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Khan AHA, Soto-Cañas A, Rad C, Curiel-Alegre S, Rumbo C, Velasco-Arroyo B, de Wilde H, Pérez-de-Mora A, Martel-Martín S, Barros R. Macrophyte assisted phytoremediation and toxicological profiling of metal(loid)s polluted water is influenced by hydraulic retention time. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33934-2. [PMID: 38890256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The present study reports findings related to the treatment of polluted groundwater using macrophyte-assisted phytoremediation. The potential of three macrophyte species (Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus, and Typha angustifolia) to tolerate exposure to multi-metal(loid) polluted groundwater was first evaluated in mesocosms for 7- and 14-day batch testing. In the 7-day batch test, the polluted water was completely replaced and renewed after 7 days, while for 14 days exposure, the same polluted water, added in the first week, was maintained. The initial biochemical screening results of macrophytes indicated that the selected plants were more tolerant to the provided conditions with 14 days of exposure. Based on these findings, the plants were exposed to HRT regimes of 15 and 30 days. The results showed that P. australis and S. holoschoenus performed better than T. angustifolia, in terms of metal(loid) accumulation and removal, biomass production, and toxicity reduction. In addition, the translocation and compartmentalization of metal(loid)s were dose-dependent. At the 30-day loading rate (higher HRT), below-ground phytostabilization was greater than phytoaccumulation, whereas at the 15-day loading rate (lower HRT), below- and above-ground phytoaccumulation was the dominant metal(loid) removal mechanism. However, higher levels of toxicity were noted in the water at the 15-day loading rate. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for macrophyte-assisted phytoremediation of polluted (ground)water streams that can help to improve the design and implementation of phytoremediation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqib Hassan Ali Khan
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Alberto Soto-Cañas
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Rad
- Research Group in Composting (UBUCOMP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Sandra Curiel-Alegre
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
- Research Group in Composting (UBUCOMP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Rumbo
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Blanca Velasco-Arroyo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Herwig de Wilde
- Department of Soil and Groundwater, TAUW België Nv, Waaslandlaan 8A3, 9160, Lokeren, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Pérez-de-Mora
- Department of Soil and Groundwater, TAUW GmbH, Landsbergerstr. 290, 80687, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonia Martel-Martín
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Rocío Barros
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), University of Burgos, Centro de I+D+I. Plaza Misael Bañuelos S/N. 09001, Burgos, Spain.
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Subpiramaniyam S, Hong SC, Yi PI, Jang SH, Suh JM, Jung ES, Park JS, Palanivel V, Song YC, Cho LH, Park YH, Kim JS. Biochemical responses and phytoremediation potential of Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai in water and nutrient media exposed to waste metal cutting fluid along with temperature and humidity stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131101. [PMID: 36878030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation of metals from water (WM) and nutrient (NM) media exposed to waste metal cutting fluid (WMCF) along with temperature (T) and humidity (H) stress was tested using Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai. In the absence of WMCF, biomass was higher in NM than in WM during all tests. Surprisingly, opposite results were noted in the presence of WMCF, with growth failing at exposure to > 0.1% and > 0.5% in NM and WM, respectively. Further, correlation analysis of the growth data following WM exposure revealed that biomass was affected positively by T and negatively by H and metal accumulation. Simultaneously, metal accumulation was affected negatively by T and positively by H. The average accumulations of Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb, and Zn across all T/H tests were 540, 282, 71, 1645, 2494 and 1110 mg·kg-1, respectively. The observed bioconcentration factor indicated that A. imbricata acts as a hyperaccumulator or accumulator of Zn (>10) and as either accumulator (>1) or excluder (<1) of the other metals. Overall, the phytoremediation performance of A. imbricata in multi-metal-contaminated WMCF was high in WM under all environmental conditions. Therefore, the use of WM is an economically feasible approach for the removal of metals from WMCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Chul Hong
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyong-In Yi
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Jang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Suh
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sang Jung
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Sung Park
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Velmurugan Palanivel
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Young-Chae Song
- Major in Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Lae-Hyeon Cho
- Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Park
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resource and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Suk Kim
- Jungbu Parks and Landscape Management Office, Samil-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul 04628, Republic of Korea
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Wang Y, Wang S, Sun J, Dai H, Zhang B, Xiang W, Hu Z, Li P, Yang J, Zhang W. Nanobubbles promote nutrient utilization and plant growth in rice by upregulating nutrient uptake genes and stimulating growth hormone production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149627. [PMID: 34426308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive application of chemical fertilizers can lead to serious environmental problems. In this study, we explored the use of nanobubble water for irrigation of crop rice as a means of reducing fertilizer use. The effect of nanobubbles on plant growth and nutrient uptake was evaluated in the laboratory, while crop yield and the efficiency of fertilizer use were evaluated in a field study. The laboratory experiments indicated that nanobubbles significantly improve plant height and root length in rice seedlings. Nanobubble treatment stimulated synthesis of the growth hormone gibberellin and upregulated the plant nutrient absorption genes OsBT, PiT-1 and SKOR, resulting in increased nutrient uptake and utilization by the roots. The field experiments verified the laboratory observations, showing that nanobubble treatment significantly increases rice yield by almost 8% when using similar levels of fertilizer as controls. Moreover, the same yield as controls was achieved with approximately 25% less fertilizer. As well as their impact on growth hormones and nutrient absorption genes, nanobubbles, due to hydrophobic and surface charge properties, enhance the release and absorption of soil nutrients, thereby reducing fertilizer demand. Overall, this study highlights a new and sustainable water irrigation strategy for enhancing crop yield and reducing chemical fertilizer waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Research Center for Ecological Science and Technology, Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, 351 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Shanghai Jincui Agriculture Company, Jinyang Road, Yangwan Village, Shanghai 201718, China
| | - Hengren Dai
- Shanghai Jincui Agriculture Company, Jinyang Road, Yangwan Village, Shanghai 201718, China
| | - Beijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jincui Agriculture Company, Jinyang Road, Yangwan Village, Shanghai 201718, China
| | - Weidong Xiang
- Research Center for Ecological Science and Technology, Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, 351 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zixin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China; Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
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Shikha D, Singh PK. In situ phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil and groundwater: a green inventive approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4104-4124. [PMID: 33210252 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal contamination of soil and groundwater is a serious threat to environment worldwide. The survival of human being primarily relies upon soil and groundwater sources. Therefore, the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil and groundwater is a matter of utmost concern. Heavy metals are non-degradable and persist in the environment and subsequently contaminate the food chain. Heavy metal pollution puts a serious impact on human health and it adversely affects our physical body. Although, numerous in situ conventional technologies have been utilized for the treatment purpose, but most of the techniques have some limitations such as high cost, deterioration of soil properties, disturbances to soil native flora and fauna and intensive labour. Despite that, in situ phytoremediation is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, solar-driven and novel approach with significant public acceptance. The past research reflects rare discussion addressing both (heavy metal in situ phytoremediation of soil and groundwater) in one platform. The present review article covers both the concepts of in situ phytoremediation of soil and groundwater with major emphasis on health risks of heavy metals, enhanced integrated approaches of in situ phytoremediation, mechanisms of in situ phytoremediation along with effective hyperaccumulator plants for heavy metals remediation, challenges and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Shikha
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT; Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Prasoon Kumar Singh
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT; Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
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Shen J, Liu B, Wu J, Chai Y, Cheng C, Liu C, Yan R, Saleem Khan MF. Characterization of fluorescent dissolved organic matters in metalworking fluid by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and high-performance liquid chromatography. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124703. [PMID: 31526999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, precise environment supervision has gradually become vital in water pollution control, which requires the clear identification of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in wastewater. Metalworking fluid (MWF) is a type of wastewater with high toxicity. Over ten million m3 of MWF is discharged per year. However, its DOM characteristics have not yet been systematically investigated. Therefore, in this study, the fluorescent DOM (FDOM) of MWF was firstly characterized by excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three fluorescent components (C1-C3) of the MWF from three metalworking plants (BO, TH, and YD) were identified. The peaks measured for C1 and C3 were attributed to tryptophan-like (Peak T) and humic/fulvic acid-like (Peak A + C) peaks, respectively, and the peaks at C2 were identified as humic-like (Peak A + M) or tryptophan-like (Peak T) peaks. There were differences in the C2 and C3 components of MWF from the three metalworking plants. The FDOM of MWF from the three metalworking plants exhibited similar polarity, but different apparent molecular weight distributions. In addition, the highest intensities of the three fluorescent peaks were sensitive to variations in the pH, humic acid (HA) concentrations, and metal ion levels (Cu2+, Fe3+, and Ni2+). The findings of this study not only indicate the FDOM characteristics of MWF, but also provide a promising method and valuable guidance for the practical monitoring of MWF in natural water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yidi Chai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Chuanyang Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Rui Yan
- R & D Centre, Gaobeidian WWTP, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Muhammad Farooq Saleem Khan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
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Kamaruzzaman M, Abdullah S, Hasan H, Hassan M, Othman A, Idris M. Characterisation of Pb-resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from Scirpus grossus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Lucas JA, Gutierrez-Albanchez E, Alfaya T, Feo-Brito F, Gutiérrez-Mañero FJ. Oxidative stress in ryegrass growing under different air pollution levels and its likely effects on pollen allergenicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:331-340. [PMID: 30599310 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, for the first time in the literature, the relationship between the degree of air pollution, the physiological state of the plants and the allergenic capacity of the pollen they produce has been studied. The physiological state of Lolium perenne plants growing in two cities with a high degree of traffic, but with different levels of air pollution, Madrid and Ciudad Real, have been explored. The photosynthetic efficiency of the plants through the emission of fluorescence of PSII, the degree of oxidative stress (enzymatic activities related to the ascorbate-glutathione cycle), the redox state (reduced and oxidized forms of ascorbate and glutathione) and the concentration of malondialdehyde have been evaluated. During the development period of the plants, Madrid had higher levels of NO2 and SO2 than Ciudad Real. The greater degree of air pollution suffered by Madrid plants was reflected on a lower photosynthetic efficiency and a greater degree of oxidative stress. In addition, NADPH oxidase activity and H2O2 levels in pollen from Madrid were significantly higher, suggesting a likely higher allergenic capacity of this pollen associated to a higher air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Lucas
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
| | - Enrique Gutierrez-Albanchez
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
| | - Teresa Alfaya
- Allergy Section, General Hospital, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | | | - Francisco Javier Gutiérrez-Mañero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
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Li G, Chen J, Yan W, Sang N. A comparison of the toxicity of landfill leachate exposure at the seed soaking and germination stages on Zea mays L. (maize). J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 55:206-213. [PMID: 28477815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To compare the toxicity of landfill leachate exposure at the early stages of seed soaking and germination on maize, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the physiological aspects of growth, yield and potential clastogenicity of root-tip cells. The maizes were treated with leachate at levels of 2%, 10%, 20%, 30% or 50% (V/V). First, the change of physiological indexes, including chlorophyll (Chl), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, combined with yield all showed that soaking with leachate, but not germination, generated a greater ecological risk on maize. After a soaking treatment of maize with 50% leachate, the Chl, MDA and ROS levels during a vigorous growth period were 47.3%, 149.8% and 309.7%, respectively, of the control, whereas the yield decreased to 68.6% of the control. In addition, our results demonstrated that the leachate at lower levels could promote growth. This is mainly embodied in that the yield of maize treated with 10% leachate at the soaking stage increased to 116.0% of the control. Moreover, the cytological analysis experiment also demonstrated that the ecological risk of leachate still exists in both cases. Furthermore, the gray relational analysis showed that the ear row number and tassel branch number were the major factors affecting the yield of maize treated with 50% leachate at the stages of soaking and germination, respectively. In general, these results are helpful in understanding the phytotoxicity of leachate, which provides additional reference data for risk assessment and management of leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Junyan Chen
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Grijalbo L, Becerril JM, Barrutia O, Gutierrez-Mañero J, Lucas Garcia JA. Lemna minor tolerance to metal-working fluid residues: implications for rhizoremediation. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:695-702. [PMID: 27007194 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For the first time in the literature, duckweed (Lemna minor) tolerance (alone or in combination with a consortium of bacteria) to spent metal-working fluid (MWF) was assessed, together with its capacity to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of this residue. In a preliminary study, L. minor response to pre-treated MWF residue (ptMWF) and vacuum-distilled MWF water (MWFw) was tested. Plants were able to grow in both residues at different COD levels tested (up to 2300 mg·l(-1) ), showing few toxicity symptoms (mainly growth inhibition). Plant response to MWFw was more regular and dose responsive than when exposed to ptMWF. Moreover, COD reduction was less significant in ptMWF. Thus, based on these preliminary results, a second study was conducted using MWFw to test the effectiveness of inoculation with a bacterial consortium isolated from a membrane bioreactor fed with the same residue. After 5 days of exposure, COD in solutions containing inoculated plants was significantly lower than in non-inoculated ones. Moreover, inoculation reduced β+γ-tocopherol levels in MWFw-exposed plants, suggesting pollutant imposed stress was reduced. We therefore conclude from that L. minor is highly tolerant to spent MWF residues and that this species can be very useful, together with the appropriate bacterial consortium, in reducing COD of this residue under local legislation limits and thus minimise its potential environmental impact. Interestingly, the lipophilic antioxidant tocopherol (especially the sum of β+γ isomers) proved to be an effective plant biomarker of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Grijalbo
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Facultad Farmacia, Urb. Monteprincipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - O Barrutia
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - J Gutierrez-Mañero
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Facultad Farmacia, Urb. Monteprincipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Lucas Garcia
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Facultad Farmacia, Urb. Monteprincipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
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García R, Campos J, Cruz JA, Calderón ME, Raynal ME, Buitrón G. BIOSORPTION OF CD, CR, MN, AND PB FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY Bacillus SP STRAINS ISOLATED FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE ACTIVATE SLUDGE. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recqb.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Grijalbo L, Gutierrez Mañero FJ, Fernandez-Pascual M, Lucas JA. Photosynthetic and Ultrastructure Parameters of Maize Plants are Affected During the Phyto-Rhizoremediation Process of Degraded Metal Working Fluids. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:1183-1191. [PMID: 26090801 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1045132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A phyto-rhizoremediation system using corn and esparto fiber as rooting support to remediate degraded metal working fluids (dMWFs) has been developed in the present study. In order to improve the process, plants were inoculated at the root level with bacteria either individually, and with a consortium of strains. All strains used were able to grow with MWFs. The results show that this system significantly lowers the Chemical Oxygen Demand below legal limits within 5 days. However, results were only improved with the bacterial consortium. Despite the effectiveness of the phyto-rhizoremediation process, plants are damaged at the photosynthetic level according to the photosynthetic parameters measured, as well as at the ultrastructure of the vascular cylinder and the Bundle Sheath Cells. Interestingly, the bacterial inoculation protects against this damage. Therefore, it seems that that the inoculation with bacteria can protect the plants against these harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Grijalbo
- a Departamento de CC. Farmacéuticas y de la Salud , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urb. Monteprincipe , 28668 , Boadilla del Monte , Madrid , Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gutierrez Mañero
- a Departamento de CC. Farmacéuticas y de la Salud , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urb. Monteprincipe , 28668 , Boadilla del Monte , Madrid , Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez-Pascual
- b Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Protection, CSIC , Serrano, 115-bis, 28006 , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lucas
- a Departamento de CC. Farmacéuticas y de la Salud , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urb. Monteprincipe , 28668 , Boadilla del Monte , Madrid , Spain
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Evaluation of the ecotoxicity of pollutants with bioluminescent microorganisms. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 145:65-135. [PMID: 25216953 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43619-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This chapter deals with the use of bioluminescent microorganisms in environmental monitoring, particularly in the assessment of the ecotoxicity of pollutants. Toxicity bioassays based on bioluminescent microorganisms are an interesting complement to classical toxicity assays, providing easiness of use, rapid response, mass production, and cost effectiveness. A description of the characteristics and main environmental applications in ecotoxicity testing of naturally bioluminescent microorganisms, covering bacteria and eukaryotes such as fungi and dinoglagellates, is reported in this chapter. The main features and applications of a wide variety of recombinant bioluminescent microorganisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, are also summarized and critically considered. Quantitative structure-activity relationship models and hormesis are two important concepts in ecotoxicology; bioluminescent microorganisms have played a pivotal role in their development. As pollutants usually occur in complex mixtures in the environment, the use of both natural and recombinant bioluminescent microorganisms to assess mixture toxicity has been discussed. The main information has been summarized in tables, allowing quick consultation of the variety of luminescent organisms, bioluminescence gene systems, commercially available bioluminescent tests, environmental applications, and relevant references.
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Grijalbo L, Fernandez-Pascual M, García-Seco D, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ, Lucas JA. Spent metal working fluids produced alterations on photosynthetic parameters and cell-ultrastructure of leaves and roots of maize plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:220-230. [PMID: 23770488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work we assess the capacity of maize (Zea mays) plants to phytoremediate spent metal working fluids (MWFs) and its effects on photosynthesis and ultrastructure of mesophyll and root cells. A corn-esparto fibre system patented by us has been used to phytoremediate MWFs in hydroponic culture. Furthermore, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been used to improve the process. The results show that this system is capable of significantly reducing the chemical oxygen demand, under local legislation limits. However, plant systems are really damaged, mainly its photosynthetic system, as shown by the photosynthetical parameters. Nevertheless, strain inoculated improves these parameters, especially Hill reaction. The ultrastructure of photosynthetic apparatus was also affected. Chloroplast number decreased and becomes degraded in the mesophyll of MWFs treated plants. In some cases even plasmolysis of chloroplast membrane was detected. Early senescence symptoms were detected in root ultrastructural study. Severe cellular damage was observed in the parenchymal root cells of plants grown with MWFs, while vascular bundles cell remained unchanged. It seems that the inoculation minimises the damage originated by the MWFs pollutants, appearing as less degenerative organelles and higher chloroplast number than in non-inoculated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Grijalbo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urb. Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
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Gomes PIA, Asaeda T. Phytoremediation of heavy metals by calcifying macro-algae (Nitella pseudoflabellata): implications of redox insensitive end products. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1328-1334. [PMID: 23773443 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the phytoremediation of heavy metals in water and understand the biochemistry of end products of calcifying macro algae (charophytes), an 84-wk laboratory experiment was conducted. Eighteen microcosms were maintained with and without plants. These were given different heavy metal treatments: no heavy metals, 0.2mgL(-1) Cr(6+) and 0.01mgL(-1) Cd. Accumulation observed to be 0.06% Cr by dry weight and for Cd it was 0.02%. The bioconcentration factors were 3000 and 25000 for Cr and Cd, respectively. Ratios of heavy metal accumulation in alkaline (i.e., calcified areas) to acidic areas of plants were 6 to 4 (for Cr) and 1 to 1 (for Cd). This elucidated an association between heavy metal accumulation and calcification. This was validated by sequential extraction of sediments. It was shown that in microcosms with plants, the heavy metals were mainly in redox insensitive and less bioavailable carbonate bound form (39-47%). This was followed by organic-bound form (23-34%). Carbonate bound end products will ensure long term storage of heavy metals and after plant senescence these will not re-enter the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattiyage I A Gomes
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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