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Kostić AŽ, Dramićanin AM, Milinčić DD, Pešić MB. Exploring the Botanical Origins of Bee-Collected Pollen: A Comprehensive Historical and Contemporary Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400194. [PMID: 38717321 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bee-collected pollen is one of the most important bee products. In order to predict its chemical composition and nutritional value botanical origin of pollen plays a crucial role. This review intended to collect all available data published about botanical origin of pollen collected all around the world. Due to enourmous amount of data and variables nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA), by applying Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA), was conducted in order to try to determine any specifity and/or differences among samples. Also, importance of some plant families/genera/species for bees was monitored. Based on CATPCA results families can serve in order to distinct samples from North/South America. Also, some samples from Europe (Turkey and Serbia) were characterized with presence of some specific families. Genera were excellent tool to distinguish samples from different parts of Brazil as well as Australia, Asia and Africa. Due to high and specific biodiversity pollen samples obtained from Sonoran desert (USA) completely were separated during analysis. This review presents the first attempt to summarize and classify a large number of data about botanical sources of bee-collected pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ž Kostić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra M Dramićanin
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijel D Milinčić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana B Pešić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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Shi J, Wang X, Chen Z, Mao D, Luo Y. Spatial distribution of two acaricides and five neonicotinoids in beehives and surrounding environments in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133892. [PMID: 38461662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Managed bees commonly suffer from cross-contamination with acaricides and neonicotinoids, posing robust threats to bee population health. However, their residual characteristics and spatial distribution in beehives and surrounding environments are poorly understood. This study detected two common acaricides and five neonicotinoids in 240 beehive samples and 44 surrounding environmental samples collected from 25 Chinese provinces. The results showed that 40.0% of the honey samples contained acaricides and 83.1% contained neonicotinoids. Neonicotinoid concentrations in honey were geographically distinguished by the "Hu Huanyong line", and concentrations of neonicotinoids in honey from eastern areas were 2.65-fold higher than those in honey from western areas. Compared to the approved acaricide amitraz, the banned acaricide coumaphos was detected more frequently in honey and was positively correlated with that quantified in the paired pollen samples. Although coumaphos was identified in only three soil samples, lower coumaphos residues in honey might be associated with persistent pollution in the surrounding environment. Conversely, neonicotinoids were detected at higher levels in honey than in the pollen and soil, demonstrating that the neonicotinoid residues in honey have a cumulative effect. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pesticide contamination scenarios that underlie the exposure risks of bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Zeyou Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Zioga E, White B, Stout JC. Honey bees and bumble bees may be exposed to pesticides differently when foraging on agricultural areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:166214. [PMID: 37567302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In an agricultural environment, where crops are treated with pesticides, bees are likely to be exposed to a range of chemical compounds in a variety of ways. The extent to which different bee species are affected by these chemicals, largely depends on the concentrations and type of exposure. We quantified the presence of selected pesticide compounds in the pollen of two different entomophilous crops; oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and broad bean (Vicia faba). Sampling was performed in 12 sites in Ireland and our results were compared with the pollen loads of honey bees and bumble bees actively foraging on those crops in those same sites. Detections were compound specific, and the timing of pesticide application in relation to sampling likely influenced the final residue contamination levels. Most detections originated from compounds that were not recently applied on the fields, and samples from B. napus fields were more contaminated compared to those from V. faba fields. Crop pollen was contaminated only with fungicides, honey bee pollen loads contained mainly fungicides, while more insecticides were detected in bumble bee pollen loads. The highest number of compounds and most detections were observed in bumble bee pollen loads, where notably, all five neonicotinoids assessed (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam) were detected despite the no recent application of these compounds on the fields where samples were collected. The concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides were positively correlated with the number of wild plant species present in the bumble bee-collected pollen samples, but this relationship could not be verified for honey bees. The compounds azoxystrobin, boscalid and thiamethoxam formed the most common pesticide combination in pollen. Our results raise concerns about potential long-term bee exposure to multiple residues and question whether honey bees are suitable surrogates for pesticide risk assessments for all bee species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zioga
- Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Blánaid White
- School of Chemical Sciences, DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jane C Stout
- Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Singh A, Sohal SK, Singh N, Arora S, Fnu S. Cosmopolitan honey bee, Apis mellifera, as quick and efficient marker of pesticide pollution in environment through RP-HPLC. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:83452-83462. [PMID: 37344714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are extremely hazardous to human health as well as various kinds of non-target organisms. The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is not only a dominant pollinator, but also a good indicator of pesticide residue and pollutants in the environment. At the time of sample collection in each village, the surrounding flora was Triticum aestivum and Brassica species. The area chosen for this study covered only 15% of the land in the state of Punjab, but pesticide consumption was approximately 75% of the state consumption. Pesticides in the collected samples (from six districts) were analyzed using RP-HPLC chromatography. The chemical methoxychlor (MC) was not found in any of the six villages' honey samples; however, spiromesifen (n = 5) and aldicarb (n = 5) were the most prevalent chemicals and were found in every honey sample. The pesticides carbendazim (n = 1) and parathion methyl (n = 1) were found only in Behman (longitude 29.9224° N and latitude 75.1137° E), and Malumazra (longitude 30.2468° N and latitude 75.8500° E). The carbofuran (n = 3) was discovered in Talwandi Sabo (longitude 29.984° N and latitude 75.8500° E), Himmatpura (longitude 30.5289° N and latitude 75.3616° E), and Malumazra, while atrazine (n = 4) was discovered in all except Malumazra. Three identical pesticides were observed in Chukrian (longitude 29.9759° N and latitude 75.4476° E) and Singo (longitude 29.9092° N and latitude 75.1589° E) indicating the same pesticides used in these villages. The given study gives a summary model to use A. mellifera as a quick monitoring bioindicator of the environment. This model helps to maintain a pesticide or pollutant database of selected areas for regular monitoring of the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Singh
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| | | | | | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botany, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Samiksha Fnu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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Knapp JL, Nicholson CC, Jonsson O, de Miranda JR, Rundlöf M. Ecological traits interact with landscape context to determine bees' pesticide risk. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:547-556. [PMID: 36849537 PMCID: PMC10089916 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-01990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Widespread contamination of ecosystems with pesticides threatens non-target organisms. However, the extent to which life-history traits affect pesticide exposure and resulting risk in different landscape contexts remains poorly understood. We address this for bees across an agricultural land-use gradient based on pesticide assays of pollen and nectar collected by Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris and Osmia bicornis, representing extensive, intermediate and limited foraging traits. We found that extensive foragers (A. mellifera) experienced the highest pesticide risk-additive toxicity-weighted concentrations. However, only intermediate (B. terrestris) and limited foragers (O. bicornis) responded to landscape context-experiencing lower pesticide risk with less agricultural land. Pesticide risk correlated among bee species and between food sources and was greatest in A. mellifera-collected pollen-useful information for future postapproval pesticide monitoring. We provide foraging trait- and landscape-dependent information on the occurrence, concentration and identity of pesticides that bees encounter to estimate pesticide risk, which is necessary for more realistic risk assessment and essential information for tracking policy goals to reduce pesticide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Knapp
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Botany, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Ove Jonsson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, SLU Centre for Pesticides in the Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joachim R de Miranda
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maj Rundlöf
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Marcu D, Keyser S, Petrik L, Fuhrimann S, Maree L. Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) and Male Reproductive Health: Challenging the Future with a Double-Edged Sword. TOXICS 2023; 11:330. [PMID: 37112557 PMCID: PMC10141735 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 9% of couples are infertile, with half of these cases relating to male factors. While many cases of male infertility are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, approximately 30% of cases are still idiopathic. Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) denote substances identified in the environment for the first time or detected at low concentrations during water quality analysis. Since CEC production and use have increased in recent decades, CECs are now ubiquitous in surface and groundwater. CECs are increasingly observed in human tissues, and parallel reports indicate that semen quality is continuously declining, supporting the notion that CECs may play a role in infertility. This narrative review focuses on several CECs (including pesticides and pharmaceuticals) detected in the nearshore marine environment of False Bay, Cape Town, South Africa, and deliberates their potential effects on male fertility and the offspring of exposed parents, as well as the use of spermatozoa in toxicological studies. Collective findings report that chronic in vivo exposure to pesticides, including atrazine, simazine, and chlorpyrifos, is likely to be detrimental to the reproduction of many organisms, as well as to sperm performance in vitro. Similarly, exposure to pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac and naproxen impairs sperm motility both in vivo and in vitro. These contaminants are also likely to play a key role in health and disease in offspring sired by parents exposed to CECs. On the other side of the double-edged sword, we propose that due to its sensitivity to environmental conditions, spermatozoa could be used as a bioindicator in eco- and repro-toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Marcu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Shannen Keyser
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Sciences Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Liana Maree
- Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
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Glyphosate and Glufosinate Residues in Honey and Other Hive Products. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061155. [PMID: 36981082 PMCID: PMC10048440 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hive products have numerous beneficial properties; however, the hive’s health is affected by the surrounding environment. The widespread use of herbicides in agriculture, such as glyphosate and glufosinate, has raised alarm among consumers, beekeepers, and environmentalists due to their potential to harm bees and humans through the consumption of bee products. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the presence of glyphosate, glufosinate, and their metabolites in hive products, collecting and comparing available data from peer-reviewed research and surveys conducted across several countries. Moreover, it analyzes and discusses the potential impacts of these substances on human and bee health, analytical aspects, and recent regulatory developments. The data has revealed that these substances can be present in the different matrices tested, but the concentrations found are usually lower than the maximum residue limits set. However, the use of different methodologies with non-uniform analytical performances, together with an incomplete search for regulated analytes, leads to heterogeneity and makes comparisons challenging. In addition to the completion of studies on the toxicology of herbicide active ingredients, further monitoring actions are necessary, harmonizing analytical methodologies and data management procedures.
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Liu F, Zhang G, Zhang C, Zhou W, Xu X, Shou Q, Yuan F, Li Q, Huang H, Hu J, Jiang W, Qin J, Ye W, Dai P. Pesticide exposure and forage shortage in rice cropping system prevents honey bee colony establishment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115097. [PMID: 36566965 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the key stable crops to feed half of the world's population, how rice cropping system affects honey bee health regarding pesticide exposure and forage availability is under investigated. We predicted honey bees were stressed by high pesticide exposure and forage dearth in monoculture rice systems. Providing access to natural habitats is a typical approach to mitigate the negative impact of intensive agriculture on honey bees. We aimed to determine if bee colonies located in landscapes with more cover of forest habitat would collect more forage and be exposed to less pesticides. We selected beekeeping locations in rice dominated landscapes (as control), mosaic landscapes of rice and medium woodland (MW) cover, and landscapes of high woodland (HW) cover, respectively, in July when rice starts bloom and pesticides are commonly used. Colonies were inspected at a biweekly frequency from July to October with population growth and forage (nectar and pollen) availability estimated. Pollen and bees were collected in middle August for pesticide exposure analysis. We did not observe enhancement in forage availability and reduction in pesticide exposure in landscapes with increased forest habitat (i.e., MW or HW cover), and all colonies failed in the end. Other natural habitats that can supplement flower shortage periods in forest can be considered for supporting bee health. Our results suggest that forest should be carefully assessed for being incorporated into beekeeping management or pollinator conservation when forest phenology can be a factor to affect its impact as a natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Chuanlian Zhang
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Zhou
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijian Xu
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyi Shou
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Huang
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Hu
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Wujun Jiang
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Qin
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Sericultural and Apiculture, Mengzi, Yunnan, 661101, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuguang Ye
- Apiculture Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pingli Dai
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China.
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Santos LMM, Nascimento MM, Borges SDS, Bomfim E, Macedo VDJ, Silva LA. Green photocatalytic remediation of Fenthion using composites with natural red clay and non-toxic metal oxides with visible light irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:118-129. [PMID: 34344269 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1964611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, composites with non-toxic metal oxides, such as TiO2 and ZnO, and a natural red clay (taua) reach in hematite were used in the photocatalytic degradation of Fenthion. The composite TiO2/Taua (0.5:1 wt. ratio) and pure TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method while ZnO/Taua (0.5:1 wt. ratio) and pure ZnO were prepared by Pechini method. The materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, and DRS. The anatase phase was formed in both pure TiO2 and TiO2/Taua, while the hexagonal phase was formed in pure ZnO and ZnO/Taua. The bandgap energies for the two composites were narrowed compared to the respective pure oxides as consequence of the hematite (α-Fe2O3, Eg = 2.1 eV) in the red clay, reaching 2.1 eV for TiO2/Taua and 2.0 eV for ZnO/Taua, while the bandgap energies for pure TiO2 and ZnO were 3.2 and 3.0 eV, respectively. Fenthion was not degraded in the dark, but the concentration droped 20% after 180 min under visible light irradiation without photocatalyst and 60% after 210 min in the presence of the pure red clay. Both TiO2/Taua and ZnO/Taua composites were also photocatalytic active to degrade Fenthion (λ > 420 nm), with degradation of 78% (in 180 min) and 85% (in 210 min) respectively. In the optimized conditions (pH 2, 100 mg L-1 of H2O2 and 30 mg L-1 of Fenthion), the ZnO/Taua composite was the most efficient, reaching 89% degradation in up to 30 min, with Fenthion sulfoxide as the degradation product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madson M Nascimento
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, INCT, de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Elton Bomfim
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Almeida Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, INCT, de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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10
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Zhang G, Kersten M, Owen A, Skidmore A. Honey bee foraging and pesticide exposure in a desert urban agroecosystem. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114472. [PMID: 38321687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The negative impacts of industrial farming on honey bee health have been widely recognized regarding pesticide use and natural foraging habitat loss. An assessment of suitability of urban farms regarding honey bee health is necessary for sustainable development of agriculture and apiculture in urban settings. Urban farms that adopt organic farming practices with restrictions on synthetic pesticide use and conservation of natural habitat can potentially create an environment to mitigate these environmental stressors on honey bees. In this experiment, bee-collected pollen was taken from honey bee colonies that were located on five organically managed urban farms located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to evaluate pesticide exposure and forage use. We also explored the influence of hive equipment on honey bee health in a high desert climate. We found that honey bees on organic urban farms were not stressed by pesticides with limited pesticide types detected (2 out of 187), low residue levels (< 20 µg/kg) and low toxicity (either no, or low toxicity with LD50 at 1,450,300 µg/kg). Honey bees had access to diverse forage resources based on pollen barcoding data. When comparing hive equipment between 10-frame, 8-frame Langstroth and top bar hives, it was determined that 8-frame hives could significantly enhance honey bee health including colony survival and weight growth, comb construction and brood production. Our results suggest that organic urban farms are appropriate locations for securing honey bee health and food safety in a desert climate; while, the selection of hive equipment should be considered when mitigating environmental stress to colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Agricultural Science Center at Los Lunas, New Mexico State University, Los Lunas, New Mexico 87031, United States of America; Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States of America; Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States of America.
| | - Miranda Kersten
- Agricultural Science Center at Los Lunas, New Mexico State University, Los Lunas, New Mexico 87031, United States of America
| | - Amy Owen
- Desert Hives LLC, Tijeras, New Mexico 87059, United States of America
| | - Amanda Skidmore
- Agricultural Science Center at Los Lunas, New Mexico State University, Los Lunas, New Mexico 87031, United States of America; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Morehead State University, Morehead, Kentucky 40351, United States of America
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11
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Matuszewska E, Plewa S, Pietkiewicz D, Kossakowski K, Matysiak J, Rosiński G, Matysiak J. Mass Spectrometry-Based Identification of Bioactive Bee Pollen Proteins: Evaluation of Allergy Risk after Bee Pollen Supplementation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227733. [PMID: 36431835 PMCID: PMC9695670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bee pollen, because of its high content of nutrients, is a very valuable medicinal and nutritional product. However, since its composition is not completely studied, the consumption of this product may cause adverse effects, including allergic reactions. Therefore, this study aimed to discover and characterize the bioactive proteins of bee pollen collected in Poland, focusing mainly on the allergens. For this purpose, the purified and concentrated pollen aqueous solutions were analyzed using the nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analytical platform. As a result of the experiments, 197 unique proteins derived from green plants (Viridiplantae) and 10 unique proteins derived from bees (Apis spp.) were identified. Among them, potential plant allergens were discovered. Moreover, proteins belonging to the group of hypothetical proteins, whose expression had not been confirmed experimentally before, were detected. Because of the content of bioactive compounds-both beneficial and harmful-there is a critical need to develop guidelines for standardizing bee pollen, especially intended for consumption or therapeutic purposes. This is of particular importance because awareness of the allergen content of bee pollen and other bee products can prevent health- or life-threatening incidents following the ingestion of these increasingly popular "superfoods".
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Matuszewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Szymon Plewa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dagmara Pietkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kacper Kossakowski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Matysiak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 13 Kaszubska Street, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 6 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Street, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Matysiak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
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Sharma A, Pant K, Brar DS, Thakur A, Nanda V. A review on Api-products: current scenario of potential contaminants and their food safety concerns. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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PAHs presence and source apportionment in honey samples: Fingerprint identification of rural and urban contamination by means of chemometric approach. Food Chem 2022; 382:132361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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14
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Kostić AŽ, Dojčinović B, Špirović Trifunović B, Milinčić DD, Nedić N, Stanojević S, Pešić M. Micro/trace/toxic elements and insecticide residues level in monofloral bee-collected sunflower pollen- health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:568-575. [PMID: 35611769 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2079348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current research was to determine the content of (potentially) toxic elements and insecticide residues in monofloral sunflower bee-collected pollen. For micro- and trace elements determination Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission (ICP-OES) analytical method was used while insecticide residue content was monitored by applying Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. In total, seventeen micro/trace elements were quantified. None of the twenty four examined insecticides were detected above the limit of detection (LOD) which makes studied sunflower bee-collected pollen eco-friendly both to bees and humans. Based on presence of several toxic as well as potentially toxic elements calculations for estimated weekly intakes (EWI), and oral intakes (OI) were made and used for health risk assessment based on the computation of two different health risk quotients (HQ)- acute (HQA) and long-term (HQL). The obtained results proved that all HQ values for adults were negligible or low except in case of HQL value for arsenic (0.32) which can be characterized as medium. However, in case of children much more precaution is needed due to significant HQL risk for arsenic (1.511). The attained data can help to make additional linkage between bee-collected pollen as food ingredients and potential benefits/risks for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ž Kostić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Dojčinović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Danijel D Milinčić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Nedić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair for Breeding and Reproduction of Domestic and Bred Animals, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Stanojević
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Pešić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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He Q, Yang Q, Liu Q, Hu Z, Gao Q, Dong Y, Xiao J, Yu L, Cao H. The effects of beta-cypermethrin, chlorbenzuron, chlorothalonil, and pendimethalin on Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis cerana cerana larvae reared in vitro. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1407-1416. [PMID: 34897947 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declines in bee populations and diversity have drawn international attention. The long-term use of chemical pesticides has affected bee behavior and physiology. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to four commonly used chemical pesticides (beta-cypermethrin, chlorbenzuron, chlorothalonil and pendimethalin) on the growth of Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis cerana cerana larvae reared in vitro. RESULTS Pesticide type and concentration were the main factors affecting honeybee fitness. Beta-cypermethrin and chlorbenzuron had chronic toxic effects on bee larvae. They reduced the fitness of A. m. ligustica and A. c. cerana even at low doses of 323.5 ng g-1 for beta-cypermethrin and 62.6 ng g-1 for chlorbenzuron in bee bread. The effects were positively associated with the dietary amounts of pesticides. By contrast, chlorothalonil and pendimethalin exposure did not affect bee larvae despite changes in enzyme activities. Caution is still needed with chlorothalonil, which led to a decrease in harvest adult bee numbers at a high dose (6937.2 ng g-1 ). Furthermore, a difference in pesticide resistance was observed, suggesting that A. m. ligustica may tolerate toxic effects better than A. c. cerana. CONCLUSION This study sheds new light on chronic toxicity in bee larvae exposed to residues in bee bread. The results could guide the scientific and rational use of chemical pesticides to reduce the potential risks to A. m. ligustica and A. c. cerana. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibao He
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiongqiong Liu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaoyin Hu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongcheng Dong
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Linsheng Yu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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16
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The Honey Bee Apis mellifera: An Insect at the Interface between Human and Ecosystem Health. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020233. [PMID: 35205099 PMCID: PMC8869587 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Apis mellifera Linnaeus (1758), a honey bee, is a eusocial insect widely known for its role in pollination, an essential ecosystem service for plant biodiversity, and quality of vegetables and fruit products. In addition, honey bees and bee products are valuable bioindicators of pollutants, such as airborne particulate matter, heavy metals, and pesticides. In this review, we explore the provisioning, regulating, and cultural services provided by the honey bee, an insect at the interface between human and ecosystem health. Abstract The concept of ecosystem services is widely understood as the services and benefits thatecosystems provide to humans, and they have been categorised into provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services. This article aims to provide an updated overview of the benefits that the honey bee Apis mellifera provides to humans as well as ecosystems. We revised the role of honey bees as pollinators in natural ecosystems to preserve and restore the local biodiversity of wild plants; in agro-ecosystems, this species is widely used to enhance crop yield and quality, meeting the increasing food demand. Beekeeping activity provides humans not only with high-quality food but also with substances used as raw materials and in pharmaceuticals, and in polluted areas, bees convey valuable information on the environmental presence of pollutants and their impact on human and ecosystem health. Finally, the role of the honey bee in symbolic tradition, mysticism, and the cultural values of the bee habitats are also presented. Overall, we suggest that the symbolic value of the honey bee is the most important role played by this insect species, as it may help revitalise and strengthen the intimate and reciprocal relationship between humans and the natural world, avoiding the inaccuracy of considering the ecosystems as mere providers of services to humans.
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Schuhmann A, Schmid AP, Manzer S, Schulte J, Scheiner R. Interaction of Insecticides and Fungicides in Bees. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 1:808335. [PMID: 38468891 PMCID: PMC10926390 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2021.808335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Honeybees and wild bees are among the most important pollinators of both wild and cultivated landscapes. In recent years, however, a significant decline in these pollinators has been recorded. This decrease can have many causes including the heavy use of biocidal plant protection products in agriculture. The most frequent residues in bee products originate from fungicides, while neonicotinoids and, to a lesser extent, pyrethroids are among the most popular insecticides detected in bee products. There is abundant evidence of toxic side effects on honeybees and wild bees produced by neonicotinoids, but only few studies have investigated side effects of fungicides, because they are generally regarded as not being harmful for bees. In the field, a variety of substances are taken up by bees including mixtures of insecticides and fungicides, and their combinations can be lethal for these pollinators, depending on the specific group of insecticide or fungicide. This review discusses the different combinations of major insecticide and fungicide classes and their effects on honeybees and wild bees. Fungicides inhibiting the sterol biosynthesis pathway can strongly increase the toxicity of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids. Other fungicides, in contrast, do not appear to enhance toxicity when combined with neonicotinoid or pyrethroid insecticides. But the knowledge on possible interactions of fungicides not inhibiting the sterol biosynthesis pathway and insecticides is poor, particularly in wild bees, emphasizing the need for further studies on possible effects of insecticide-fungicide interactions in bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Schuhmann
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Paulina Schmid
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Manzer
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Janna Schulte
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Scheiner
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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18
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Presence and distribution of pesticides in apicultural products: A critical appraisal. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Brigante J, Costa JO, Espíndola ELG, Daam MA. Acute toxicity of the insecticide abamectin and the fungicide difenoconazole (individually and in mixture) to the tropical stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1872-1879. [PMID: 34379243 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stingless bees have been recognized as essential plant pollinators and producers of various natural products in neotropical areas. Research into the potential risks of pesticides they may be exposed to in agricultural fields, however, remains meagre. Especially the toxicity of pesticide mixtures likely to occur under real-world conditions and that are likely to exert synergetic effects has been poorly studied. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the single and mixture acute contact and oral toxicity of commercial products containing the insecticide abamectin and the fungicide difenoconazole in laboratory bioassays with the Brazilian native stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. In addition, a comparison of the insecticide sensitivity of stingless bees relative to the honeybee Apis mellifera was made based on previously published toxicity data. Except for oral exposure to abamectin, M. scutellaris appeared to be more sensitive that A. mellifera in the single compound toxicity tests. A difenoconazole concentration at the NOEC (no observed effect concentration) level indicated a synergetic toxic interaction with abamectin. A sensitivity comparison based on published toxicity data for A. mellifera and stingless bees indicated several insecticidal modes of action having a high relative sensitivity to stingless bees that need especial consideration in future studies. The research findings highlight the need for testing native bee species and environmentally relevant pesticide mixtures in risk assessments to avoid underestimation of potential risks to bee populations and the subsequent loss of pollination ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janete Brigante
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Joyce Oliveira Costa
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Evaldo L G Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Michiel A Daam
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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20
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Deng Y, Jiang X, Zhao H, Yang S, Gao J, Wu Y, Diao Q, Hou C. Microplastic Polystyrene Ingestion Promotes the Susceptibility of Honeybee to Viral Infection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11680-11692. [PMID: 34374532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging threat to ecological conservation and biodiversity; however, little is known of the types and possible impacts of MPs in pollinators. To examine whether MPs were present in honeybees, we analyzed the honeybee samples collected in fields from six provinces in China. Four types MPs were identified in honeybee including polystyrene (PS) by Raman spectroscopic analysis, and these plastic polymers were detected in 66.7% bee samples. Then, we assessed the physical and biological impacts of PS of three sizes (0.5, 5, and 50 μm) on bees for 21 days. Next, we measured how the presence of PS affected the Israeli acute paralysis virus proliferation, a small RNA virus associated with bee colony decline. Experimental evidence showed that a large mass of PS was ingested and accumulated within the midgut and enhanced the susceptibility of bees to viral infection. Not only histological analysis showed that PS, especially 0.5 μm PS, damaged the midgut tissue and was subsequently transferred to the hemolymph, trachea, and Malpighian tubules, but also qPCR and transcriptomic results indicated that genes correlated with membrane lipid metabolism, immune response, detoxification, and the respiratory system were significantly regulated after PS ingestion. Our results highlight neglected MP contamination to the bees, a pollination ecosystem stressed by the anthropogenic pollution, and have implications for human health via ingestion of bee products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Deng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejian Jiang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, People's Republic of China
| | - Sa Yang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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21
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Identities, concentrations, and sources of pesticide exposure in pollen collected by managed bees during blueberry pollination. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16857. [PMID: 34413379 PMCID: PMC8377133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bees are critical for crop pollination, but there is limited information on levels and sources of pesticide exposure in commercial agriculture. We collected pollen from foraging honey bees and bumble bees returning to colonies placed in blooming blueberry fields with different management approaches (conventional, organic, unmanaged) and located across different landscape settings to determine how these factors affect pesticide exposure. We also identified the pollen and analyzed whether pesticide exposure was correlated with corbicular load composition. Across 188 samples collected in 2 years, we detected 80 of the 259 pesticide active ingredients (AIs) screened for using a modified QuEChERS method. Detections included 28 fungicides, 26 insecticides, and 21 herbicides. All samples contained pesticides (mean = 22 AIs per pollen sample), with pollen collected from bees on conventional fields having significantly higher average concentrations (2019 mean = 882.0 ppb) than those on unmanaged fields (2019 mean = 279.6 ppb). Pollen collected by honey bees had more AIs than pollen collected by bumble bees (mean = 35 vs. 19 AIs detected at each farm, respectively), whereas samples from bumble bees had higher average concentrations, likely reflecting differences in foraging behavior. Blueberry pollen was more common in pollen samples collected by bumble bees (25.9% per sample) than honey bees (1.8%), though pesticide concentrations were only correlated with blueberry pollen for honey bees. Pollen collected at farms with more blueberry in the surrounding landscape had higher pesticide concentrations, mostly AIs applied for control of blueberry pathogens and pests during bloom. However, for honey bees, the majority of AIs detected at each farm are not registered for use on blueberry at any time (55.2% of AIs detected), including several highly toxic insecticides. These AIs therefore came from outside the fields and farms they are expected to pollinate. For bumble bees, the majority of AIs detected in their pollen are registered for use on blueberry during bloom (56.9% of AIs detected), though far fewer AIs were sprayed at the focal farm (16.7%). Our results highlight the need for integrated farm and landscape-scale stewardship of pesticides to reduce exposure to pollinators during crop pollination.
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23
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Traynor KS, Tosi S, Rennich K, Steinhauer N, Forsgren E, Rose R, Kunkel G, Madella S, Lopez D, Eversole H, Fahey R, Pettis J, Evans JD. Pesticides in honey bee colonies: Establishing a baseline for real world exposure over seven years in the USA. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116566. [PMID: 33839524 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees Apis mellifera forage in a wide radius around their colony, bringing back contaminated food resources that can function as terrestrial bioindicators of environmental pesticide exposure. Evaluating pesticide exposure risk to pollinators is an ongoing problem. Here we apply five metrics for pesticide exposure risk (prevalence, diversity, concentration, significant pesticide prevalence, and hazard quotient (HQ)) to a nation-wide field study of honey bees, Apis mellifera in the United States. We examined samples from 1055 apiaries over seven years for 218 different pesticide residues and metabolites, determining that bees were exposed to 120 different pesticide products with a mean of 2.78 per sample. Pesticides in pollen were highly prevalent and variable across states. While pesticide diversity increased over time, most detections occurred at levels predicted to be of low risk to colonies. Varroacides contributed most to concentration, followed by fungicides, while insecticides contributed most to diversity above a toxicity threshold. High risk samples contained one of 12 different insecticides or varroacides. Exposures predicted to be low-risk were nevertheless associated with colony morbidity, and low-level fungicide exposures were tied to queen loss, Nosema infection, and brood diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S Traynor
- Global Biosocial Complexity Initiative at ASU, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Simone Tosi
- Epidemiology Unit, ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety) Animal Health Laboratory, F94701 Maisons-Alfort, France; Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Karen Rennich
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Nathalie Steinhauer
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Eva Forsgren
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robyn Rose
- USDA Farm Production and Conservation Business Center 1400 Independence Ave., S.W. Washington, DC 20250, USA
| | - Grace Kunkel
- Project Apis mellifera, PO Box 26793, Salt Lake City, UT 84126, USA
| | - Shayne Madella
- USDA ARS Bee Research Laboratory, Building 306, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Dawn Lopez
- USDA ARS Bee Research Laboratory, Building 306, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Heather Eversole
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rachel Fahey
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Jay D Evans
- USDA ARS Bee Research Laboratory, Building 306, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
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Honey Bee Health in Maine Wild Blueberry Production. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060523. [PMID: 34198744 PMCID: PMC8227623 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Wild blueberry is an important native North American crop that requires insect pollination. Migratory western honey bee colonies constitute the majority of commercial bees brought into Maine for pollination of wild blueberry. Currently, many stressors impact the western honey bee in the US. We designed a two-year monitoring study (2014 and 2015) to assess the potential health of honey bee colonies hired for pollination services in wild blueberry fields. We monitored the colony health of nine hive locations (three hives/location) in 2014 and nine locations (five hives/location) in 2015 during bloom (May–June). Queen health status, colony strength, rate of population increase, and pesticide residues on pollen, wax, and honey bee workers were measured. In addition, each hive was sampled to assess levels of mite parasites, viruses, and Microsporidian and Trypanosome pathogens. Different patterns in colony health were observed over the two years. Factors predicting colony growth rate over both years were Varroa mite infestation and risk due to pollen pesticide residues during bloom. In addition, recently discovered parasites and pathogens were already observed in most of the colonies suggesting that parasites and diseases spread rapidly and become established quickly in commercial honey bee colonies. Abstract A two-year study was conducted in Maine wild blueberry fields (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) on the health of migratory honey bee colonies in 2014 and 2015. In each year, three or five colonies were monitored at each of nine wild blueberry field locations during bloom (mid-May until mid-June). Colony health was measured by assessing colony strength during wild blueberry bloom. Potential factors that might affect colony health were queen failure or supersedure; pesticide residues on trapped pollen, wax comb, and bee bread; and parasites and pathogens. We found that Varroa mite and pesticide residues on trapped pollen were significant predictors of colony health measured as the rate of change in the amount of sealed brood during bloom. These two factors explained 71% of the variance in colony health over the two years. Pesticide exposure was different in each year as were pathogen prevalence and incidence. We detected high prevalence and abundance of two recently discovered pathogens and one recently discovered parasite, the trypanosome Lotmaria passim Schwartz, the Sinai virus, and the phorid fly, Apocephalus borealis Brues.
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Günes ME, Sari MF, Esen F. Organochlorine pesticides in honeybee, pollen and honey in Bursa, Turkey. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS. PART B, SURVEILLANCE 2021; 14:126-132. [PMID: 33691604 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2021.1896583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
g-In this study, the presence of OCP residues in the honeybee, pollen and honey samples in urban and semi-urban areas were investigated. A total of 10 OCP concentrations (∑10OCP) in honeybee samples were 39.14 ± 11.06 ng g-1 for the urban area and 39.93 ± 7.09 ng g-1 for the semi-urban area, respectively. Similarly, ∑10OCP concentrations in pollen and honey samples were estimated to be 21.72 ± 4.43 ng g-1 and 41.83 ± 1.61 ng g-1 for the urban area, 19.77 ± 2.86 ng g-1 and 39.23 ± 3.90 ng g-1 for the semi-urban area, respectively. Also, it was concluded that the existence of OCP residues in both sampling areas was due to the recent use of pesticides. Finally, the cancer risk caused by the consumption of pollen and honey samples was evaluated, and it was found that there was no cancer risk in both sampling areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Ertan Günes
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
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Barbosa MDM, Fernandes ACC, Alves RSC, Alves DA, Barbosa Junior F, Batista BL, Ribeiro MC, Hornos Carneiro MF. Effects of native forest and human-modified land covers on the accumulation of toxic metals and metalloids in the tropical bee Tetragonisca angustula. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112147. [PMID: 33756294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The intensive shift on land cover by anthropogenic activities have led to changes in natural habitats and environmental contamination, which can ultimately impact and threat biodiversity and ecosystem services, such as pollination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of native forest and human-modified land covers on the concentrations of chemical elements accumulated in the neotropical pollinator bee T. angustula. Eight landscapes, within an Ecological Corridor in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, with gradients of forest cover, spatial heterogeneity and varying land covers were used as sampling unities. Bees collected in traps or through actives searches had the concentration of 21 chemical elements determined by ICP-MS. Results show a beneficial effect of forested areas on the concentrations of some well-known toxic elements accumulated in bees, such as Hg, Cd, and Cr. Multivariate Redundancy Analysis (RDA) suggests road as the most important driver for the levels of Cr, Hg, Sb, Al, U, As, Pb and Pt and bare soil, pasture and urban areas as the landscape covers responsible for the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Mn, Mg, Ba and Sr in bees. The results reinforce the potential use of T. angustula bees as bioindicators of environmental quality and also show that these organisms are being directly affected by human land use, offering potential risks for the Neotropical ecosystem. Our study sheds light on how land covers (native forest and human-modified) can influence the levels of contaminants in insects within human-dominated landscapes. The generation of predictions of the levels of toxic metals and metalloids based on land use can both contribute to friendly farming planning as well as to support public policy development on the surrounding of protected areas and biodiversity conservation hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela de Matos Barbosa
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Souza Cruz Alves
- Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Denise Araujo Alves
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa Junior
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lemos Batista
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Milton Cezar Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Smith KE, Weis D, Scott SR, Berg CJ, Segal Y, Claeys P. Regional and global perspectives of honey as a record of lead in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110800. [PMID: 33529648 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Honey from Apis mellifera is a useful and inexpensive biomonitor for mapping metal distributions in urban centers. The sampling resolution of a biomonitoring survey (e.g., city versus global scale) determines which geochemical processes are reflected in the results. This study presents Pb isotopic compositions and metal concentrations in honey from around the world, sampled at varying resolutions: honey from Canada (n = 21), the United States (n = 111), Belgium (n = 25), and New Zealand (n = 10), with additional samples from Afghanistan, Brazil, Cuba, Germany, Liberia, Taiwan, and Turkey. Honey was sampled at high resolution in two uniquely different land-use settings (New York Metro Area and the Hawaiian island of Kaua'i), at regional-scale resolution in eastern North America (including the Great Lakes region), and Pb isotopic compositions of all samples were compared on a global scale. At high sampling resolution, metal concentrations in honey reveal spatially significant concentration gradients: in New York City, metals associated with human activity and city infrastructure (e.g., Pb, Sb, Ti, V) are more concentrated in honey collected within the city compared to honey from upstate New York, and metal concentrations in honey from Kaua'i suggest polluting effects of nearby agricultural operations. At lower resolution (regional and global scales), lead isotopic compositions of honey are more useful than metal concentrations in revealing large-scale Pb processes (e.g., the enduring legacy of global leaded gasoline use throughout the twentieth century) and the continental origin of the honey. Lead isotopic compositions of honey collected from N. America (especially from the eastern USA) are more radiogenic (206Pb/207Pb: 1.132-1.253, 208Pb/206Pb: 2.001-2.129) compared to European honey, and honey from New Zealand, which has the least radiogenic isotopic compositions measured in this study (206Pb/207Pb: 1.077-1.160, 208Pb/206Pb: 2.090-2.187). Thus, biomonitoring using honey at different resolutions reflects differing processes and, to some extent, a honey terroir defined by the Pb isotopic composition. The data presented here provide important (and current) global context for future studies that utilize Pb isotopes in honey. Moreover, this study exhibits community science in action, as most of the honey was collected by collaborators around the world, working directly with local apiarists and hobby beekeepers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Smith
- Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2020-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Dominique Weis
- Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2020-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sean R Scott
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Yaffa Segal
- New Rochelle High School, New Rochelle, NY, USA
| | - Philippe Claeys
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Valenzuela EF, de Paula FF, Teixeira APC, Menezes HC, Cardeal ZL. Assessment of pesticides in water using time-weighted average calibration of passive sampling device manufactured with carbon nanomaterial coating on stainless steel wire. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3315-3327. [PMID: 33733701 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The continued contamination of water sources by pesticides is a problem that involves the life of aquatic organisms and human health, especially in countries whose economy is based on agriculture. The need to know the quality of drinking water under these circumstances is a priority for the public health of any community. Passive sampling methods allow the determination of long-term environmental pollutants through a single sample collection, reducing time and cost of analyses. One advantage of passive sampling is that it is possible to calculate a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration value or an equilibrium concentration value, depending on the type of device used and the exposure time. Passive sampling techniques using carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have a high potential for pesticide sampling in aquatic systems. A device for passive sampling manufactured with CNMs in a microextraction system and recyclable materials was calibrated in laboratory exposure conditions over 15 days. The calibration results showed linear accumulation periods between 5 and 10 days. Sampling rates were between 0.014 and 0.146 mL day-1. The sampler was field-tested in the San Francisco river basin in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil for 7 days. This research allowed for the detection and calculation of TWA concentrations for organochlorine pesticides such as α-HCH, 4,4-DDE, and 4,4-DD in water sources. The manufactured device demonstrated greater sensitivity than the grab sampling processes for the detection of pesticides. The performed passive sampling system using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique allowed for the collection, detection, identification, and quantification of 26 pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard F Valenzuela
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Fabiano F de Paula
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Teixeira
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Helvécio C Menezes
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Zenilda L Cardeal
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil.
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From the hive to the table: Nutrition value, digestibility and bioavailability of the dietary phytochemicals present in the bee pollen and bee bread. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Świsłowski P, Kosior G, Rajfur M. The influence of preparation methodology on the concentrations of heavy metals in Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10068-10076. [PMID: 33161519 PMCID: PMC7884374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Active biomonitoring is used to assess environmental pollution of elements such as heavy metals by indicator species such as mosses. They are used, among others, in urbanized areas where no indicator species are found. In such study areas, mosses collected from sites considered to be ecologically clean shall be exposed. In this context, it is very important to prepare the mosses properly before the exposure, so that the information received about the condition of the environment is reliable. In 2018, studies were conducted in the forested areas of southern Poland-in Opolskie Province. Pleurozium schreberi mosses were used in these studies. Atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomiser (F-AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb present. The aim was to study the influence of preparation methodology on Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies. Four different methodologies were tested across four different sample locations (with varying levels of pollution). The results of the research were analysed and the coefficient of variation (CV) was determined. The value of the CV is influenced, among other things, by the location of the particular sample and the level of pollution by, for example heavy metals, in the moss. The research conducted proves that of the four methods used to prepare mosses for later exposure in active biomonitoring, the best method is averaging with simultaneous conditioning of mosses in demineralised water. This treatment causes the CV coefficient to fall below 10% for most of the metals determined in the moss samples. It has also been shown that maintaining moss collection methodology in accordance with ICP Vegetation standards (open/wooded area-tree canopy) also has a significant impact on the result obtained. Statistical analysis confirmed (Wilcoxon test) that the method of processing the mosses significantly influenced the results obtained. Thanks to the appropriate preparation of the mosses before exposition, they can be used in active biomonitoring of, for example, urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Świsłowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Kosior
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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31
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Toselli G, Sgolastra F. Seek and you shall find: An assessment of the influence of the analytical methodologies on pesticide occurrences in honey bee-collected pollen with a systematic review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127358. [PMID: 32563069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee mortality and colony losses have been reported worldwide. Although this phenomenon is caused by a combination of factors, agrochemicals have received special attention due to their potential effects on bees. In agricultural and urban environments bees are exposed to several compounds that may interact in unexpected ways, but information on the extent of pesticide exposure remains unclear. Several monitoring studies have been conducted to evaluate the field-realistic exposure of bees to pesticides after their release on the market. However, their outputs are difficult to compare and harmonize due to differences in the analytical methodologies and the sampling protocols (e.g. number of screened compounds and analysed samples, and detection limits (LODs)). Here, we hypothesize that the analytical methodologies used in the monitoring studies may strongly affect the pesticide occurrences in pollen underestimating the real pesticide exposure. By mean of a systematic literature review, we have collected relevant information on pesticide contaminations in the honey bee-collected pollen. Our findings showed that the pesticide occurrences were associated with the analytical methodologies and the real pesticide exposure has likely been underestimated in some monitoring studies. For four highly toxic compounds, the LOD used in these monitoring studies exceeded the doses that cause toxic effects on honey bees. We recommend that, especially for the highly toxic compounds, the LODs used in the monitoring studies should be low enough to exclude lethal or sublethal effects on bees and avoid "false negative" samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Toselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Sgolastra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy.
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32
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Prado FSRD, Dos Santos DM, de Almeida Oliveira TM, Micheletti Burgarelli JA, Castele JB, Vieira EM. Determination and uptake of abamectin and difenoconazole in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 via oral and topic acute exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114313. [PMID: 32806434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bees are considered as important providers of ecosystem services, acting via pollination process in crops and native plants, and contributing significantly to the maintenance of biodiversity. However, the decrease of bee's population has been observed worldwide and besides other factors, this collapse is also related to the extensive use of pesticides. In this sense, studies involving the assessment of adverse effects and the uptake of pesticides by bees are of great concern. This work presents an analytical method for the determination of the insecticide abamectin and the fungicide difenoconazole in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris exposed via oral and topic to endpoints concentrations of active ingredients (a.i.) alone and in commercial formulations and the discussion about its mortality and uptake. For this purpose, QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Efficient, Rugged and Safe) acetate modified method was used for extraction and pesticides were determined by LC-MS/MS. The validation parameters have included: a linear range between 0.01 and 1.00 μg mL-1; and LOD and LOQ of 0.038 and 0.076 μg g-1 for abamectin and difenoconazole, respectively. The uptake of tested pesticides via oral and topic was verified by the accumulation in adult forager bees, mainly when the commercial product was tested. Mortality was observed to be higher in oral exposure than in topic tests for both pesticides. For abamectin in a commercial formulation (a.i.) no differences were observed for oral or topic exposure. On the other hand, for difenoconazole, topic exposure had demonstrated higher accumulation in bees, according to the increase of received dose. Through the results, uptake and the possible consequences of bioaccumulated pesticides are also discussed and can contribute to the knowledge about the risks involving the exposure of bees to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Janete Brigante Castele
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Eny Maria Vieira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.
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34
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Sari MF, Gurkan Ayyildiz E, Esen F. Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in honeybee, pollen, and honey samples from urban and semi-urban areas in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4414-4422. [PMID: 31832954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, honeybees and bee products such as pollen and honey have been used as bioindicators for monitoring environmental pollution. Unfortunately, there are few studies about polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in honeybees and bee products from Turkey. Honeybee and pollen samples were taken between May and September 2017, and honey samples were taken between July and September 2017 at urban and semi-urban areas in Bursa (Turkey). PCB concentrations measured by gas chromatography-microelectron capture detector (GC-μECD) were found to be 135.46 ± 6.53, 81.47 ± 23.52, and 106.35 ± 21.60 ng g-1 dry weight (dw) for honeybee, pollen, and honey samples in the urban area, respectively; and 126.35 ± 26.54, 67.57 ± 27.34, and 118.88 ± 55.28 ng g-1 dw for honeybee, pollen, and honey samples in the semi-urban area, respectively. Pearson correlation was made between meteorological parameters and pollutant concentrations. According to the correlation results, a significant relationship was found between the pollen and honey results and the total cloudiness and temperature in the semi-urban area. The coefficient of divergence (COD) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) methods were applied to determine the similarities and differences between the pollutant concentrations and sources of the two areas and the temporal variation. According to these two methods, PCB concentrations and emission sources in honeybee and pollen samples in urban and semi-urban areas were generally different in May and June, and similar in August and September.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Emine Gurkan Ayyildiz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey.
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35
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Hooven LA, Chakrabarti P, Harper BJ, Sagili RR, Harper SL. Potential Risk to Pollinators from Nanotechnology-Based Pesticides. Molecules 2019; 24:E4458. [PMID: 31817417 PMCID: PMC6943562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in populations of insect pollinators is a global concern. While multiple factors are implicated, there is uncertainty surrounding the contribution of certain groups of pesticides to losses in wild and managed bees. Nanotechnology-based pesticides (NBPs) are formulations based on multiple particle sizes and types. By packaging active ingredients in engineered particles, NBPs offer many benefits and novel functions, but may also exhibit different properties in the environment when compared with older pesticide formulations. These new properties raise questions about the environmental disposition and fate of NBPs and their exposure to pollinators. Pollinators such as honey bees have evolved structural adaptations to collect pollen, but also inadvertently gather other types of environmental particles which may accumulate in hive materials. Knowledge of the interaction between pollinators, NBPs, and other types of particles is needed to better understand their exposure to pesticides, and essential for characterizing risk from diverse environmental contaminants. The present review discusses the properties, benefits and types of nanotechnology-based pesticides, the propensity of bees to collect such particles and potential impacts on bee pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa A. Hooven
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Priyadarshini Chakrabarti
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Bryan J. Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Ramesh R. Sagili
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Stacey L. Harper
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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36
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Peterson EM, Shaw KR, Smith PN. Toxicity of Agrochemicals Among Larval Painted Lady Butterflies (Vanessa cardui). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2629-2636. [PMID: 31397915 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the Southern High Plains of the United States, beef cattle feed yards and row crop agriculture are predominant sources of agrochemical usage. Beef cattle feed yards use large quantities of veterinary pharmaceuticals to promote cattle growth and health, along with insecticides to control insect pests, whereas row crop-based agriculture relies on herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides to increase yields. Previous studies have documented the occurrence of agrochemicals beyond feed yard and row crop agriculture boundaries in uncultivated, marginal areas, raising concern that migratory pollinators and pollinators indigenous to the Southern High Plains frequenting these remaining habitat corridors may become exposed to toxic agrochemicals. Larvae of the painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) were used to investigate the potential toxicity of agrochemicals used on feed yards and in row crop agriculture among pollinators. Moxidectin, an antiparasiticide used on beef cattle feed yards, was determined to be extremely toxic to V. cardui larvae, with a lethal dose at which 50% of larvae died of 2.1 ± 0.1 ng/g. Pyraclostrobin, clothianidin, and permethrin all delayed V. cardui development. However, moxidectin was the only chemical that produced significant toxic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. These results indicate that agrochemicals originating from feed yards have the potential to adversely impact the development of pollinator larvae occurring in the Southern High Plains. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2629-2636. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Peterson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine R Shaw
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Philip N Smith
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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37
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Wang YQ, Wang RF, Ma QL, Chen XT, Li YM, Zhang ZX. Analysis on safety assessment of Tephrosia vogelii Hook to Apis cerana cerana. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109468. [PMID: 31398580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tephrosia vogelii Hook was excellent insecticidal plant, it was introduced into China and planted over a large area in Guangdong province. The main active components of T. vogelii was rotenone and it widely found in leaves and pods of T. vogelii. This paper study of the safety assessment of T. vogelii flowers to worker bees. In this paper, the content of rotenone in T. vogelii petal, nectar, pollen, pistil, and stamen samples were investigated by HPLC, and tested the toxicity of T. vogelii flowers for Apis cerana cerana during 24 h. The dissipation and dynamic of rotenone in A. c. cerana different biological compartments were investigated under indoor conditions during 24 h. The results showed, The LT50 of T. vogelii flowers to worker bees were collected from the eastern, western, southern, northern and top were 13.95, 24.17, 12.55, 26.48, and 18.84 h, the haemolymph of worker bees have the highest content of rotenone, the least accumulation of rotenone in workers bee's thorax, and the rate of dissipation was slowly during the whole study. In conclusion, the results showed the T. vogelii create security risks to worker bees under some ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - R F Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Q L Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - X T Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Y M Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Z X Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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38
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Kunugi H, Mohammed Ali A. Royal Jelly and Its Components Promote Healthy Aging and Longevity: From Animal Models to Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194662. [PMID: 31547049 PMCID: PMC6802361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural phenomenon that occurs in all living organisms. In humans, aging is associated with lowered overall functioning and increased mortality out of the risk for various age-related diseases. Hence, researchers are pushed to find effective natural interventions that can promote healthy aging and extend lifespan. Royal jelly (RJ) is a natural product that is fed to bee queens throughout their entire life. Thanks to RJ, bee queens enjoy an excellent reproductive function and lengthened lifespan compared with bee workers, despite the fact that they have the same genome. This review aimed to investigate the effect of RJ and/or its components on lifespan/healthspan in various species by evaluating the most relevant studies. Moreover, we briefly discussed the positive effects of RJ on health maintenance and age-related disorders in humans. Whenever possible, we explored the metabolic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms through which RJ can modulate age-related mechanisms to extend lifespan. RJ and its ingredients—proteins and their derivatives e.g., royalactin; lipids e.g., 10-hydroxydecenoic acid; and vitamins e.g., pantothenic acid—improved healthspan and extended lifespan in worker honeybees Apis mellifera, Drosophila Melanogaster flies, Gryllus bimaculatus crickets, silkworms, Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, and mice. The longevity effect was attained via various mechanisms: downregulation of insulin-like growth factors and targeting of rapamycin, upregulation of the epidermal growth factor signaling, dietary restriction, and enhancement of antioxidative capacity. RJ and its protein and lipid ingredients have the potential to extend lifespan in various creatures and prevent senescence of human tissues in cell cultures. These findings pave the way to inventing specific RJ anti-aging drugs. However, much work is needed to understand the effect of RJ interactions with microbiome, diet, activity level, gender, and other genetic variation factors that affect healthspan and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
| | - Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt.
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Stoner KA, Cowles RS, Nurse A, Eitzer BD. Tracking Pesticide Residues to a Plant Genus Using Palynology in Pollen Trapped from Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) at Ornamental Plant Nurseries. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:351-362. [PMID: 30753426 PMCID: PMC6446217 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide studies have used the technique of pollen trapping, collecting pollen loads from returning honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foragers, to evaluate the exposure of honey bees to pesticides through pollen and as a biomonitoring tool. Typically, these surveys have found frequent contamination of pollen with multiple pesticides, with most of the estimated risk of acute oral toxicity to honey bees coming from insecticides. In our survey of pesticides in trapped pollen from three commercial ornamental plant nurseries in Connecticut, we found most samples within the range of acute toxicity in a previous state pollen survey, but a few samples at one nursery with unusually high acute oral toxicity. Using visual sorting by color of the pollen pellets collected in two samples from this nursery, followed by pesticide analysis of the sorted pollen and palynology to identify the plant sources of the pollen with the greatest acute toxicity of pesticide residues, we were able to associate pollen from the plant genus Spiraea L. (Rosales: Rosaceae) with extraordinarily high concentrations of thiamethoxam and clothianidin, and also with high concentrations of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos. This study is the first to trace highly toxic pollen collected by honey bees to a single plant genus. This method of tracking high toxicity pollen samples back to potential source plants could identify additional high-risk combinations of pesticide application methods and timing, movement into pollen, and attractiveness to bees that would be difficult to identify through modeling each of the contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard S Cowles
- Valley Laboratory, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Windsor, CT
| | - Andrea Nurse
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - Brian D Eitzer
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
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Al-Alam J, Chbani A, Faljoun Z, Millet M. The use of vegetation, bees, and snails as important tools for the biomonitoring of atmospheric pollution-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9391-9408. [PMID: 30715709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuous discharge of diverse chemical products in the environment is nowadays of great concern to the whole world as some of them persist in the environment leading to serious diseases. Several sampling techniques have been used for the characterization of this chemical pollution, although biomonitoring using natural samplers has recently become the technique of choice in this field due to its efficiency, specificity, and low cost. In fact, several living organisms known as biomonitors could accumulate the well-known persistent environmental pollutants allowing their monitoring in the environment. In this work, a review on environmental biomonitoring is presented. The main sampling techniques used for monitoring environmental pollutants are first reported, followed by an overview on well-known natural species used as passive samplers and known as biomonitors. These species include conifer needles, lichen, mosses, bees and their byproducts, and snails, and were widely used in recent research as reliable monitors for environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Asma Chbani
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Faljoun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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41
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Shimshoni JA, Sperling R, Massarwa M, Chen Y, Bommuraj V, Borisover M, Barel S. Pesticide distribution and depletion kinetic determination in honey and beeswax: Model for pesticide occurrence and distribution in beehive products. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212631. [PMID: 30785931 PMCID: PMC6382162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beehive products such as honey, beeswax and recently pollen have been regarded for many years as appropriate sentinels for environmental pesticide pollutions. However, despite yearly application of hundreds of approved pesticides in agricultural fields, only a minor fraction of these organic compounds were actually detected in honey and beeswax samples. This observation has led us to question the general suitability of beehive products as a sentinel for synthetic organic pesticides applied in the field. The aim of the present study was to experimentally determine the distribution (logarithmic ratio of beeswax to honey pesticide concentration, LogD) and depletion kinetics (half-life) of selected pesticides in honey and beeswax as a measure of the latter matrixes to serve as a pesticide sentinel. The obtained parameters were used to extrapolate to pesticide burden in honey and beeswax samples collected from German and Israeli apiaries. In addition, we aimed to establish a mathematical model, enabling us to predict distribution of selected pesticides between honey to beeswax, by utilizing simple substance descriptors, namely, octanol/water partitioning coefficient, molar weight and Henry coefficient. Based on the present results, it appears that pesticides with LogD values > 1 and half-life in beeswax > 1 day, were likely to accumulate and detected in beeswax samples, and less likely to be found in honey. On the other hand, pesticides with negative LogD values were highly likely to be found in honey and less so in beeswax samples. Finally, pesticides with LogD values between 0–1 were expected to be found in both matrixes. The developed model was successfully applied to predict LogD values, thereby identifying octanol/water partitioning and molar weight as the most prominent substance descriptors, which affect pesticide distribution between honey and beeswax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob A. Shimshoni
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Letzion, Israel
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Roy Sperling
- Department of Instrumental Analytic, Bilacon GMbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Massarwa
- Institute of Plant Protection and Inspection Services, Department of Feed Quality Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Rishon Letzion, Israel
| | - Yaira Chen
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Letzion, Israel
| | - Vijayakumar Bommuraj
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Letzion, Israel
| | - Mikhail Borisover
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Letzion, Israel
| | - Shimon Barel
- Department of Toxicology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel
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Gómez-Ramos MM, Ucles S, Ferrer C, Fernández-Alba AR, Hernando MD. Exploration of environmental contaminants in honeybees using GC-TOF-MS and GC-Orbitrap-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:232-244. [PMID: 30081361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reports an analytical approach by gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) intended to be used for investigation of non-targeted environmental contaminants in honeybees. The approach involves a generic extraction and analysis with two GC-HRMS systems: time-of-flight and Orbitrap analyzers, GC-TOF-MS, and GC-Orbitrap-MS operated in electron-impact ionization (EI) mode. The workflow for screening of non-targeted contaminants consisted of initial peak detection by deconvolution and matching the first-stage mass spectra EI-MS with a nominal mass spectral library. To gain further confidence in the structural characterization of the contaminants under investigation, molecular formula of representative ions (molecular and fragment ions) was provided for those with an accurate mass scoring (error < 5 ppm). This methology was applied for screening environmental contaminants in 75 samples of adult honeybee. This approach has provided the tentative identification of environmental contaminants belonging to different chemical groups, among them, PAHs, phthalates and synthetic musks. Residues of veterinary treatments used in apiculture were also detected in the honeybee samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Gómez-Ramos
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - S Ucles
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - C Ferrer
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A R Fernández-Alba
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M D Hernando
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology - INIA, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Al-Alam J, Fajloun Z, Chbani A, Millet M. Determination of 16 PAHs and 22 PCBs in honey samples originated from different region of Lebanon and used as environmental biomonitors sentinel. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 54:9-15. [PMID: 30199354 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1500782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the air quality in some Lebanese regions, a biomonitoring study based on honey as biomonitor candidate was conducted. For this, 18 samples of honey collected from four regions in Lebanon, were analyzed for their contamination by 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 22 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Samples were first extracted using a multi-residue extraction method based on the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method (QuEChERS) followed by a concentration step using Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedures. The extraction was then followed by chromatographic analysis by gas chromatography-ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). After PAHs samples assessment, different ratios of founded PAHs were calculated in order to estimate the sources of the pollution by these compounds. The obtained results showed that the four analyzed regions were contaminated with PAHs originated from both pyro and petro genic sources while none of them was found to be contaminated by any of the 22 assessed PCBs. The results of this study show that honey can be used as potential biomonitor candidate allowing the assessment of the pollution statement of a given environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- b Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS, Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences III , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
| | - Asma Chbani
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- d Faculty of Public Health III , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- b Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS, Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
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Ruiz-Toledo J, Vandame R, Castro-Chan RA, Penilla-Navarro RP, Gómez J, Sánchez D. Organochlorine Pesticides in Honey and Pollen Samples from Managed Colonies of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus and the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin from Southern, Mexico. INSECTS 2018; 9:E54. [PMID: 29748485 PMCID: PMC6023274 DOI: 10.3390/insects9020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we show the results of investigating the presence of organochlorine pesticides in honey and pollen samples from managed colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. and of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin. Three colonies of each species were moved into each of two sites. Three samples of pollen and three samples of honey were collected from each colony: the first collection occurred at the beginning of the study and the following ones at every six months during a year. Thus the total number of samples collected was 36 for honey (18 for A. mellifera and 18 for S. mexicana) and 36 for pollen (18 for A. mellifera and 18 for S. mexicana). We found that 88.44% and 93.33% of honey samples, and 22.22% and 100% of pollen samples of S. mexicana and A. mellifera, respectively, resulted positive to at least one organochlorine. The most abundant pesticides were Heptaclor (44% of the samples), γ-HCH (36%), DDT (19%), Endrin (18%) and DDE (11%). Despite the short foraging range of S. mexicana, the number of pesticides quantified in the honey samples was similar to that of A. mellifera. Paradoxically we found a small number of organochlorines in pollen samples of S. mexicana in comparison to A. mellifera, perhaps indicating a low abundance of pollen sources within the foraging range of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovani Ruiz-Toledo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Rémy Vandame
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad San Cristóbal de las Casas, Periférico Sur s/n, María Auxiliadora, San Cristóbal de Las Casas 29290, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Alberto Castro-Chan
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Laboratorio de Resistencia a Insecticidas, 4a. Norte y 19 Calle Poniente S/N, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Jaime Gómez
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Sánchez
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
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Drummond FA, Ballman ES, Eitzer BD, Du Clos B, Dill J. Exposure of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies to Pesticides in Pollen, A Statewide Assessment in Maine. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:378-387. [PMID: 29509899 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, we conducted a statewide assessment of honey bee exposure to pesticides with assistance of volunteer beekeepers. Pollen trapping was conducted at 32 sites in the spring, summer, and early fall. Apiary locations ranged from unmanaged natural landscapes to managed agricultural or urban landscapes. Pollen samples at each site were aggregated over the collection dates and chemical residue analysis was conducted on each pollen sample for 190 pesticides and metabolites using HPLC/MS. Twenty-five different residues were detected for an average of 2.9 detections per site. Detections were dominated by fungicides, but risk, calculated as: ppb residue concentration/LD50, was mostly due to insecticides. Beekeeper perceived land-use in the vicinity of each apiary was associated with significant differences in the number of detections and residue concentrations, agricultural landscapes greater than nonagricultural. However, there was no significant difference in oral or contact risk quotients due to land-use type. The landscape composition surrounding apiaries, derived with GIS, determined pesticide exposure for honey bees when total detections, log pesticide residue concentration, and log contact risk quotients were used as measures. Partial least squares explained 43.9% of the variance in pesticide exposure due to landscape composition. The best predictors describing pesticide exposure were: area (ha) of blueberry, coniferous forest, and urban/developed land cover types. Maine is the most forested state in the United States (as determined by % land area forested, 93%) and a negative exponential decay was observed between land area in conifer forest and the number of pesticide detections per apiary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis A Drummond
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Deering, Orono, ME
- Cooperative Extension, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - Elissa S Ballman
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Deering, Orono, ME
| | - Brian D Eitzer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | - Brianne Du Clos
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - James Dill
- Cooperative Extension, University of Maine, Orono, ME
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