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Rossi AS, Michlig MP, Repetti MR, Cazenave J. Single and joint toxicity of azoxystrobin and cyproconazole to Prochilodus lineatus: Bioconcentration and biochemical responses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167992. [PMID: 37875198 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are widely used across the world to protect crops and their presence in freshwater systems is increasing. However, the evaluation of their potential impacts on non-target organisms is in the minority of studies related to pesticides. In the current research, the single and joint toxicity of azoxystrobin (AZX) and cyproconazole (CYP) was investigated in juvenile fish Prochilodus lineatus. In particular, we evaluated bioconcentration and biochemical responses following a short-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the fungicides (alone and in mixture). We also determined interactions between the biological responses when the two compounds were used in mixture. Our results demonstrate that AZX and CYP pose a risk to native freshwater fish by causing deleterious effects. Both compounds, alone and in mixture, bioaccumulated in P. lineatus and triggered neurotoxicity and changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in several organs. Moreover, muscle was a target tissue for these fungicides and a synergistic interaction was observed for the mixture. Due to the lack of studies in fish assessing the effects following exposure to AZX-CYP mixtures and considering a realistic exposure situation in agriculture-impacted water bodies, these findings provide new and relevant information for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Rossi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Melina P Michlig
- Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos (PRINARC), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, UNL, Santiago del Estero 2654, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María R Repetti
- Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos (PRINARC), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, UNL, Santiago del Estero 2654, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Abdulazeez I, Ismail IS, Mohd Faudzi SM, Christianus A, Chong SG. Study on the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate via zebrafish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR-metabolomics analysis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:115-130. [PMID: 37548163 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2242005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Sodium taurocholate (NaT) is a hydrophobic bile salt that exhibits varying toxicity and antimicrobial activity. The accumulation of BSs during their entero-hepatic cycle causes cytotoxicity in the liver and intestine and could also alter the intestinal microbiome leading to various diseases. In this research, the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate in different concentrations (3000 mg/L, 1500 mg/L, 750 mg/L, 375 mg/L, and 0 mg/L) was investigated on four months old zebrafish by immersion in water for 96 h. The results were determined based on the fish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR metabolomics analysis which revealed LC50 of 1760.32 mg/L and 1050.42 mg/L after 72 and 96 h treatment, respectively. However, the non-lethal NaT concentrations of 750 mg/L and 375 mg/L at 96 h exposure significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased the total distance traveled and the activity duration, also caused surface respiration on the zebrafish. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that the metabolome of the fish treated with 750 mg/L was discriminated from that of the control by PC1. Major significantly downregulated metabolites by NaT-induction include valine, isoleucine, 2-hydroxyvalerate, glycine, glycerol, choline, glucose, pyruvate, anserine, threonine, carnitine and homoserine. On the contrary, taurine, creatine, lactate, acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate were upregulated suggesting cellular consumption of lipids, glucose and amino acids for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation during immune and inflammatory response. whereby these metabolites were released in the process. In conclusion, the research revealed the toxic effect of NaT and its potential to trigger changes in zebrafish metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isah Abdulazeez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Annie Christianus
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seok-Giok Chong
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Deng Y, Zheng M, Liu R, Zeng H, Diao J, Xiao R, Su X. Exploring the repairing mechanisms of reduced graphene oxide (rGo) on the dysregulation of Xenopus Laevis larva hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis caused by chiral triazole fungicide metconazole. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 195:105529. [PMID: 37666585 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Replacing chair fungicide racemate marketed product by its enantiomer with high activity and low environmental risk for application is a more environmentally friendly methods to control crop diseases. Moreover, carbon-based nanomaterials, with the desirable chemical and mechanical properties, exhibits latent reduce fungicide toxicity capability, while the mechanism is still poorly understood. Therefore, the present study characterized the toxicity of rac-metconazole (Mez; (1RS,5RS;1RS,5SR)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1H)) and its two cis-enantiomers as well as the repairing effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGo) on Xenopus Laevis larva by examining growth appearance indexes, Mez bioaccumulation, and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis related hormone contents and gene expression after 14 and 28 days exposure. Compared with two cis-Mez, rac-Mez was preferentially bioaccumulated in tadpoles, and rac-Mez treatment showed a higher toxicity effect on tadpole including growth stage and body weight inhibition by dysregulating tadpole thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone (TH) contents and related gene expression. Enantioselectivity was observed in two cis-Mez treatments. Compared with R,S-Mez, S,R-Mez treatment showed more severe damage on tadpole HPT axis related physiological and biochemical processes. rGo could effectively decrease the toxicity of Mez, especially shown the capacity of repairing the hormone dysregulation caused by R,S-Mez treatment. Moreover, the addition of rGo can decrease the bioaccumulation of Mez in tadpoles. Therefore, R,S-Mez is less toxic to Xenopus Laevis larva growth, and its toxicity could be effectively repaired by the addition of rGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haixia Zeng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jingling Diao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Su
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Porto VA, da Rocha Júnior ER, Ursulino JS, Porto RS, da Silva M, de Jesus LWO, Oliveira JMD, Crispim AC, Santos JCC, Aquino TMD. NMR-based metabolomics applied to ecotoxicology with zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a prominent model for metabolic profiling and biomarker discovery: Overviewing the most recent approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161737. [PMID: 36693575 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an innovative approach used in the medical, toxicological, and biological sciences. As an interdisciplinary topic, metabolomics and its relation with the environment and toxicological research are extensive. The use of substances, such as drugs and pesticides, contributes to the continuous releasing of xenobiotics into the environment, harming organisms and their habitats. In this context, fish are important bioindicators of the environmental condition and have often been used as model species. Among them, zebrafish (Danio rerio) presents itself as a versatile and straightforward option due to its unique attributes for research. Zebrafish proves to be a valuable model for toxicity assays and also for metabolomics profiling by analytical tools. Thus, NMR-based metabolomics associated with statistical analysis can reasonably assist researchers in critical factors related to discovering and validating biomarkers through accurate diagnosis. Therefore, this review aimed to report the studies that applied zebrafish as a model for (eco)toxicological assays and essentially utilized NMR-based metabolomics analysis to assess the biochemical profile and thus suggest the potential biological marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Amaral Porto
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
| | | | - Jeferson Santana Ursulino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Silva Porto
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Marciliano da Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Wender Oliveira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandre Carmo Crispim
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Ren P, Wang M, Zheng H, Gao Z, Han Z, Liu Y, Cai M. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of conazole fungicides in surface seawater of the East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 189:114796. [PMID: 36898271 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conazole fungicides (CFs), the common-used pesticide in agriculture distributed widely in the environment. This research analyzed the occurrence, potential sources, and risks of eight CFs in the East China Sea surface seawater in the early summer of 2020. The total CF concentration ranged from 0.30 to 6.20 ng/L, with an average value of 1.64 ± 1.24 ng/L. Fenbuconazole, hexaconazole, and triadimenol were the major CFs that comprised >96 % of the total concentration. The Yangtze River was identified as the significant source of CFs from the coastal regions to the off-shore inputs. Ocean current was the first-order factor controlling the content and distribution of CFs in the East China Sea. Although risk assessment revealed CFs posed a low or no substantial risk to ecology and human health, long-term monitoring was also encouraged. This study provided a theoretical foundation for assessing CFs' pollution levels and potential risks in the East China Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ren
- Deep-Sea Multidisciplinary Research Center, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Hongyuan Zheng
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Zheyi Han
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Yanguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Minghong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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6
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D’eon JC, Lankadurai BP, Simpson AJ, Reiner EJ, Poirier DG, Vanlerberghe GC, Simpson MJ. Cross-Platform Comparison of Amino Acid Metabolic Profiling in Three Model Organisms Used in Environmental Metabolomics. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030402. [PMID: 36984842 PMCID: PMC10058405 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental metabolomics is a promising approach to study pollutant impacts to target organisms in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. To this end, both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)- and mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods are used to profile amino acids in different environmental metabolomic studies. However, these two methods have not been compared directly which is an important consideration for broader comparisons in the environmental metabolomics field. We compared the quantification of 18 amino acids in the tissue extracts of Daphnia magna, a common model organism used in both ecotoxicology and ecology, using both 1H NMR spectroscopy and liquid chromatography with tandem MS (LC-MS/MS). 1H NMR quantification of amino acids agreed with the LC-MS/MS quantification for 17 of 18 amino acids measured. We also tested both quantitative methods in a D. magna sub-lethal exposure study to copper and lithium. Again, both NMR and LC-MS/MS measurements showed agreement. We extended our analyses with extracts from the earthworm Eisenia fetida and the plant model Nicotiana tabacum. The concentrations of amino acids by both 1H NMR and LC-MS/MS, agreed and demonstrated the robustness of both techniques for quantitative metabolomics. These findings demonstrate the compatibility of these two analytical platforms for amino acid profiling in environmentally relevant model organisms and emphasizes that data from either method is robust for comparisons across studies to further build the knowledge base related to pollutant exposure impacts and toxic responses of diverse environmental organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. D’eon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Brian P. Lankadurai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - André J. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Eric J. Reiner
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON M9P 3V6, Canada
| | - David G. Poirier
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON M9P 3V6, Canada
| | - Greg C. Vanlerberghe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Myrna J. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-287-7234
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7
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Rashad WA, Saadawy SF, Refaay NE. Mitigating effect of L-carnitine against atrazine-induced hepatotoxicity: histopathological and biochemical analyses in albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22034-22045. [PMID: 36282381 PMCID: PMC9938065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is an extensively used herbicide that is often found in drinking water and waterways. After metabolization and excretion in the liver, ATR residues or its metabolites were found in tissues causing harmful effects mainly to the endocrine system and liver. This study aimed to elucidate the toxic impact of ATR on the liver and possible ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC). It utilized 30 adult male albino rats divided into three equal groups; the control group received 0.5 cc distilled water orally for 14 days, an ATR-treated group received ATR in a dose of 400 mg/kg BW dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days, and a protected group (ATR + LC) received 400 mg/kg BW of ATR dissolved in distilled water, plus 100 mg/kg LC dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the liver tissue was prepared for histological and biochemical analyses and showed significant elevation of liver enzymes and oxidative parameters, altered expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic genes, and hepatic degenerative changes in the ATR-treated group. In conclusion, atrazine induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver of rats, and these toxic effects can be alleviated by L-carnitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Rashad
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Sara F Saadawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nehal E Refaay
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Xue P, Liu X, Shi X, Yuan H, Wang J, Zhang J, He Z. Stereoselective accumulation and biotransformation of chiral fungicide epoxiconazole and oxidative stress, detoxification, and endogenous metabolic disturbance in earthworm (Eisenia foetida). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159932. [PMID: 36343825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
>80 % of applied pesticides in agriculture will enter the soil and be exposed to soil animals. Little is known about the stereoselective metabolic effects of epoxiconazole (EPO) on soil animals. In this study, EPO-mediated stereoselective enrichment, biotransformation, oxidative stress, detoxification, and global metabolic profiles in earthworms were investigated by exposure to EPO and its enantiomers at 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg doses. Preferential enrichment of (-)-EPO was observed, and the five transformation products (TPs) exhibited the chemically specific stereoselective accumulation with inconsistent configurations. Biochemical markers related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and detoxification (·OH- content, SOD, CAT, GST, and CYP450 enzymes) showed a significant stereoselective activation overall at the low-level exposure (p-value <0.05). Based on untargeted metabolomic analysis, the steroid biosynthesis and ROS-related biotransformation, glutathione metabolism, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism of earthworms were significantly interfered with by EPO and its enantiomer exposure. More pronounced stereoselectivity was observed at the level of the global metabolic profile, while comparable levels of metabolic perturbations were identified at the individual metabolite level. This study provides novel insights into the stereoselective effects of the chiral fungicide EPO, and valuable evidence for soil environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xue
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Haiyue Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Zeying He
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Bai L, Shi P, Jia K, Yin H, Xu J, Yan X, Liao K. Triflumizole Induces Developmental Toxicity, Liver Damage, Oxidative Stress, Heat Shock Response, Inflammation, and Lipid Synthesis in Zebrafish. TOXICS 2022; 10:698. [PMID: 36422906 PMCID: PMC9699234 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triflumizole (TFZ) toxicity must be investigated in the aquatic environment to understand the potential risks to aquatic species. Accordingly, the adverse effects of TFZ exposure in zebrafish were investigated. Results demonstrate that, after TFZ exposure, the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) in 3 d post-fertilization (dpf) embryos and 6 dpf larvae were 4.872 and 2.580 mg/L, respectively. The development (including pericardium edema, yolk sac retention, and liver degeneration) was apparently affected in 3 dpf embryos. Furthermore, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in 6 dpf larvae were significantly increased. Additionally, the expression of heat shock response genes (including hsp70, grp78, hsp90, and grp94), inflammatory genes (including p65-nfκb, il-1β, and cox2a), and lipid synthetic genes (including srebp1, fas, acc, and ppar-γ) in 3 dpf embryos was significantly increased, which was also partially observed in the intestinal cell line form Pampus argenteus. Taken together, TFZ could affect the development of zebrafish, accompanied by disturbances of oxidative stress, heat shock response, inflammation, and lipid synthesis. Our findings provide an original insight into the potential risks of TFZ to the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Bai
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peng Shi
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kun Jia
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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10
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Meng Z, Cui J, Li R, Sun W, Bao X, Wang J, Zhou Z, Zhu W, Chen X. Systematic evaluation of chiral pesticides at the enantiomeric level: A new strategy for the development of highly effective and less harmful pesticides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157294. [PMID: 35839878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, pesticides have been used in large quantities, and they pose potential risks to organisms across various environments. Reducing the use of pesticides and their environmental risks has been an active research focus and difficult issue worldwide. As a class of pesticides with special structures, chiral pesticides generally exhibit enantioselectivity differences in biological activity, ecotoxicity, and environmental behavior. At present, replacing the racemates of chiral pesticides by identifying and developing their individual enantiomers with high efficiency and environmentally friendly characteristics is an effective strategy to reduce the use of pesticides and their environmental risks. In this study, we review the stereoselective behaviors of chiral pesticide, including their environmental behavior, stereoselective biological activity, and ecotoxicity. In addition, we emphasize that the systematic evaluation of chiral pesticides at the enantiomeric level is a promising novel strategy for developing highly effective and less harmful pesticides, which will provide important data support and an empirical basis for reducing pesticide application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Landscape Research Institute of Zhumadian, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Bao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Zhou X, Yang Y, Ming R, Chen H, Hu D, Lu P. Insight into the differences in the toxicity mechanisms of dinotefuran enantiomers in zebrafish by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:70833-70841. [PMID: 35589890 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dinotefuran is a chiral insecticide widely used to control Nilaparvata lugens in agriculture. However, little is known about the toxic effects of dinotefuran enantiomers on aquatic organisms. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to 1.00 and 10.00 mg/L dinotefuran enantiomers for 96 h, after which multivariate pattern recognition, metabolite identification, and pathway analysis were performed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were then conducted to reveal the metabolic perturbations caused by dinotefuran enantiomers. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed the perturbation of five main pathways, including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; retinol metabolism; arginine and proline metabolism; and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These disturbed metabolic pathways were strongly correlated with energy, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Pathway analysis also indicated that the metabolic pathway changes induced by the same level of R and S-dinotefuran were enantioselective. Our research may provide better insight into the risk of chiral dinotefuran in aquatic organisms in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Renyue Ming
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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12
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Xiao Y, Lin X, Zhou M, Ren T, Gao R, Liu Z, Shen W, Wang R, Xie X, Song Y, Hu W. Metabolomics analysis of the potential toxicological mechanisms of diquat dibromide herbicide in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1039-1055. [PMID: 35831485 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although diquat is a widely used water-soluble herbicide in the world, its sublethal adverse effects to fish have not been well characterised. In this study, histopathological examination and biochemical assays were applied to assess hepatotoxicity and combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics analysis to reveal overall metabolic mechanisms in the liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after diquat exposure at concentrations of 0.34 and 1.69 mg·L-1 for 21 days. Results indicated that 1.69 mg·L-1 diquat exposure caused cellular vacuolisation and degeneration with nuclear abnormality and led to the disturbance of antioxidative system and dysfunction in the liver. No evident pathological injury was detected, and changes in liver biochemistry were not obvious in the fish exposed to 0.34 mg·L-1 diquat. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed differences between profiles obtained by GC-MS spectrometry from control and two treatment groups. A total of 17 and 22 metabolites belonging to different classes were identified following exposure to 0.34 and 1.69 mg·L-1 diquat, respectively. The metabolic changes in the liver of zebrafish are mainly manifested as inhibition of energy metabolism, disorders of amino acid metabolism and reduction of antioxidant capacity caused by 1.69 mg·L-1 diquat exposure. The energy metabolism of zebrafish exposed to 0.34 mg·L-1 diquat was more inclined to rely on anaerobic glycolysis than that of normal zebrafish, and interference effects on lipid metabolism were observed. The metabolomics approach provided an innovative perspective to explore possible hepatic damages on fish induced by diquat as a basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruili Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Rd, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Atrazine Exposure Induces Hepatic Metabolism Disorder in Male Adult Zebrafish. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070400. [PMID: 35878305 PMCID: PMC9323832 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is a herbicide used in agricultural production and has been detected in surface water due to its widespread use worldwide. This may pose a threat to the health of aquatic animals. To explore the ATZ−induced hepatic metabolism disorder, male zebrafish were exposed to 300 and 1000 μg/L ATZ for 21 days, respectively. The results revealed that ATZ exposure significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels, while significantly (p < 0.05) increased pyruvate (PYR) and total cholesterol (TC) levels. In addition, the liver sample from the 1000 μg/L ATZ−treated group was used for GC/MS metabolomic analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) model showed significant separation of the 1000 μg/L ATZ group from the control group, indicating that ATZ exposure altered hepatic metabolism in male adult zebrafish. A total of 29 significantly (p < 0.05) different metabolites were observed and identified in the ATZ−treated group. Moreover, the most disturbed pathways by ATZ were the arginine and proline metabolic pathways, followed by the glutathione metabolic pathway. Three and two metabolites were significantly altered in the arginine and proline metabolic pathways and glutathione metabolic pathway, respectively. Based on these results, we suggested that ATZ was capable of altering liver metabolism in zebrafish and that its ecological risk to aquatic organisms cannot be ignored.
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14
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Huang T, Zhao Y, He J, Cheng H, Martyniuk CJ. Endocrine disruption by azole fungicides in fish: A review of the evidence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153412. [PMID: 35090921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Azole fungicides are widely used chemicals in agriculture and medicine. Their antifungal activity involves inhibition of steroid biosynthesis via inhibition of several cytochrome p450 enzymes. Evidence is accumulating in fish species to suggest azole fungicides perturb multiple hormone signaling pathways. The objective of this review was to comprehensively review data for azole-mediated impacts on the teleost endocrine system. We emphasize aspects of azole-induced endocrine disruption in several fish species, with special focus on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG), hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Histopathological, physiological, and molecular data suggest azole fungicides at environmentally relevant concentrations and above are endocrine disruptors in fish. Endocrine disruption has been well documented for some azoles (e.g., difenconazole, fadrozole, ketoconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon), but there are little data for others (e.g., cyproconazole, expoxiconazole, imidazole, metoconazole, nocodazole) in fish, revealing a knowledge gap in our understanding of azole toxicity. Based upon literature, computational analyses of transcriptome responses revealed progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, insulin signaling pathway, adrenergic signaling, and metabolism of angiotensinogen may be processes disrupted by azoles. However, hormonal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the cardiovascular system in response to azole exposure has yet to be investigated in fish. Recommendations for studies moving forward include focus on non-steroid endocrine pathways, mechanisms of neuroendocrine disruption, and transgenerational effects of azoles on fish. This critical review identifies knowledge gaps and future directions for environmental studies focused on the effects of azoles in aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, USA.
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15
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Usman S, Razis AFA, Shaari K, Azmai MNA, Saad MZ, Isa NM, Nazarudin MF. Polystyrene Microplastics Induce Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Javanese Medaka Fish (Oryzias javanicus Bleeker, 1854). Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1369-1379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Huang T, Jiang H, Zhao Y, He J, Cheng H, Martyniuk CJ. A comprehensive review of 1,2,4-triazole fungicide toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio): A mitochondrial and metabolic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151177. [PMID: 34699814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this critical review, we synthesize data from peer-reviewed literature reporting on triazole fungicide exposures in the zebrafish model. Based on their mode of action in plants (potent inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis), we focused attention on mechanisms related to cellular, lipid, and steroid metabolism. Evidence from several studies reveals that zebrafish exposed to triazoles present with impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress, as well as dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Such metabolic disruptions are expected to underscore developmental delays, deformity, and aberrant locomotor activity and behaviors often observed following exposure. We begin by summarizing physiological and behavioral effects observed with triazole fungicide exposure in zebrafish. We then discuss mechanisms that may underlie adverse apical effects, focusing on mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism. Using computational approaches, we also identify novel biomarkers of triazole fungicide exposure. Extracting and analyzing data contained in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) revealed that transcriptional signatures responsive to different triazoles are related to metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, biological oxidations, and fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism among other processes. Pathway and sub-network analysis identified several transcripts that are responsive in organisms exposed to triazole fungicides, several of which include lipid-related genes. Knowledge gaps and recommendations for future investigations include; (1) targeted metabolomics for metabolites in glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain; (2) additional studies conducted at environmentally relevant concentrations to characterize the potential for endocrine disruption, given that studies point to altered cholesterol (precursor for steroid hormones), as well as altered estrogen receptor alpha and thyroid hormone expression; (3) studies into the potential role for lipid peroxidation and oxidation of lipid biomolecules as a mechanism of triazole-induced toxicity, given the strong evidence for oxidative damage in zebrafish following exposure to triazole fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Haibo Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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17
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Qin Y, Wang X, Yan X, Zhu D, Wang J, Chen S, Wang S, Wen Y, Martyniuk CJ, Zhao Y. Developmental toxicity of fenbuconazole in zebrafish: effects on mitochondrial respiration and locomotor behavior. Toxicology 2022; 470:153137. [PMID: 35218879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are used to control the disease of cereal crops but may also cause adverse effects on non-target organisms. There is a lack of toxicity data for some triazoles such as fenbuconazole in aquatic organisms. This research was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of fenbuconazole at environmentally relevant concentrations with attention on the mitochondria, antioxidant system, and locomotor activity in zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to one concentration of 5, 50, 200 or 500ng/L fenbuconazole for 96h. There was no effect on survival nor percentage of fish hatched, but exposure to 200 and 500ng/L fenbuconazole resulted in malformation and hypoactivity in zebrafish. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of embryos were measured to determine if the fungicide impaired mitochondrial respiration. Exposure to 500ng/L fenbuconazole reduced basal OCR and oligomycin-induced ATP linked respiration in exposed fish. Fenbuconazole reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced the activities of mitochondrial Complex II and III. Transcript levels of both sdhc and cyc1, each related to Complex II and III, were also altered in expression by fenbuconazole exposure, consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction in embryos. Fenbuconazole activated the antioxidant system, based upon both transcriptional and enzymatic data in zebrafish. Consistent with mitochondrial impairment, molecular docking confirmed a strong binding capacity of the fungicide at the Qi site of Complex III, revealing this complex is susceptible to fenbuconazole. This study reveals potential toxicity pathways related to fenbuconazole exposure in aquatic organisms; such data can improve risk assessments for triazole fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingju Qin
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiliang Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Di Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Siying Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, The Education Department of Jilin Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin 136000, PR China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China.
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18
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Teng C, Gu Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhao H, Qi P, Guo C, Xu H, Di S, Wang X. Enantioselective Dissipation, Residue, and Risk Assessment of Diniconazole Enantiomers in Four Kinds of Fruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15512-15520. [PMID: 34927422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral diniconazole is a widely used triazole fungicide, while its enantioselective behaviors in fruits have not been reported. In this article, the absolute configuration was confirmed. A fast supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS) method was developed for the chiral separation and enantioselective study of diniconazole in four kinds of fruits. The residual concentrations gradually decreased with time in four kinds of fruits after applying diniconazole. The dissipation half-lives of R-diniconazole and S-diniconazole were in the range of 5.3-7.9 and 2.5-7.1 days respectively, and S-diniconazole was degraded preferentially. The residue concentrations were lower than the EU's MRL (0.01 mg/kg) on the 40th (harvest time), 30th, and 10th day in pear, jujube, and apple, respectively. But, in peach, residue concentrations were still higher than the MRL after 60 days and the ratio of R/S was 2.2. These results could be helpful for the reasonable use and risk assessment of chiral diniconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Teng
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlin Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
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19
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Zhang M, Song G, Wang S, Ge L, Liu F, Zhang M, Xie H, Feng J, Shen Q. Characterization of Metabolites in a Zebrafish Model of Alzheimer's Disease Supplemented with Mussel-Derived Plasmalogens by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry-Based Unbiased Metabolomics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12187-12196. [PMID: 34623133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens (Pls) are bioactive substances enriched in the brain with a regulatory effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD), while their metabolomic influence accompanying AD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we extracted and purified Pls (purity of ≥90%) from mussels and applied unbiased metabolomics using ultraperformance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry to analyze the variation of metabolites in the major metabolic pathways of AD and revealed the cognitive improvement effect of Pls using an experimental AD zebrafish model. The results showed that 37 differential endogenous metabolites were identified, among which glycerophosphocholine, choline, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), l-glutamine, linoleic acid, 9(S)-HPODE, methionine, and creatine were the major abnormally regulated metabolites, and the first four metabolites were viewed as potential endogenous markers. This study suggested that systemic metabolic profiling could reveal the potential metabolic networks of AD and illuminated the protective effect of Pls on AD through biochemistry mechanisms and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gongshuai Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shitong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lijun Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Feijian Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Hujun Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junli Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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20
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Jiang M, Chen H, Luo Y, Han Q, Peng R, Jiang X. Combined metabolomics and histological analysis of the tissues from cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis exposed to inking stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 38:100829. [PMID: 33812154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inking is part of a defensive stress response in cephalopods (cuttlefish, squid, and octopus). Some individual cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) die after continued stress and inking; however, the physiological effects of cephalopods in response to stress and inking remain unknown. The present study investigated the metabolic profile and discussed the physiological roles of S. pharaonis tissues in response to continuous inking using the 1H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis. A total of 50 metabolites, including amino acids, organic osmolytes, nucleotides, energy storage compounds, and obvious tissue-specific metabolites induced by inking stress, were identified in S. pharaonis tissues. Exposure to inking stress had different effects on the levels of the studied metabolites, for example, the levels of isoleucine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and betaine increased, but those of arginine and ATP decreased in the liver; inosine and lactate were accumulated whereas glutamate and choline were depleted in the gill; the levels of lactate and isoleucine were elevated but those of arginine and glycogen were depleted in the muscle tissue. Furthermore, the corresponding metabolic pathways of the characteristic metabolites indicated major changes in the functions of these metabolites. Histological changes in the studied tissues revealed liver lobule damage immediately after inking, with the presence of disordered epithelial cells and partial cell necrosis in the gill. Our results demonstrated that a combination of metabolomics and histological analyses could provide molecular-level insights for elucidating the defense response of cuttlefish against predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China
| | - Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China
| | - Qingxi Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China
| | - Ruibing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China
| | - Xiamin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, PR China.
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21
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Kalefetoğlu Macar T, Macar O, Yalçιn E, Çavuşoğlu K. Preventive efficiency of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruit extract in diniconazole fungicide-treated Allium cepa L. roots. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2534. [PMID: 33510323 PMCID: PMC7844236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is a medicinal plant with antioxidant-rich fruits. Diniconazole, a broad-spectrum fungicide, is employed extensively. The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive efficiency of C. mas fruit extract (CME) against the toxic effects of diniconazole on a model organism, Allium cepa L. For this aim, physiological, cytogenetic and biochemical parameters as well as the meristematic cell damages were investigated in A. cepa treated with diniconazole and C. mas extract. A. cepa bulbs were divided into six groups which were treated with tap water, 0.5 g/L CME, 1.0 g/L CME, 100 mg/L diniconazole, 0.5 g/L CME + 100 mg/L diniconazole and 1.0 g/L CME + 100 mg/L diniconazole, respectively. Diniconazole application caused a significant reduction in germination percentage, root elongation and total weight gain. Mitotic index decreased, while chromosomal aberrations increased following diniconazole application. Diniconazole caused significant rises in malondialdehyde content and the total activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. The meristematic cell damages induced by diniconazole were indistinct transmission tissue, epidermis cell deformation, thickening of the cortex cell wall and flattened cell nucleus. Aqueous C. mas extracts induced a dose-dependent prevention and amelioration in all damages arisen from diniconazole application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Kalefetoğlu Macar
- Department of Food Technology, Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Giresun University, 28400, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Oksal Macar
- Department of Food Technology, Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Giresun University, 28400, Giresun, Turkey.
| | - Emine Yalçιn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Giresun University, 28049, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Giresun University, 28049, Giresun, Turkey
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22
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Bielská L, Hale SE, Škulcová L. A review on the stereospecific fate and effects of chiral conazole fungicides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141600. [PMID: 33182213 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The production and use of chiral pesticides are triggered by the need for more complex molecules capable of effectively combating a greater spectrum of pests and crop diseases, while sustaining high production yields. Currently, chiral pesticides comprise about 30% of all pesticides in use; however, some pesticide groups such as conazole fungicides (CFs) consist almost exclusively of chiral compounds. CFs are produced and field-applied as racemic (1:1) mixtures of two enantiomers (one chiral center in the molecule) or four diastereoisomers, i.e., two pairs of enantiomers (two chiral centers in the molecule). Research on the stereoselective environmental behavior and effects of chiral pesticides such as CFs has become increasingly important within the fields of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology. This is motivated by the fact that currently, the fate and effects of chiral pesticides such as CFs that arise due to their stereoselectivity are not fully understood and integrated into risk assessment and regulatory decisions. In order to fill this gap, a summary of the state-of-the-art literature related to the stereospecific fate and effects of CFs is needed. This will also benefit the agrochemistry industry as they enhance their understanding of the environmental implications of CFs which will aid future research and development of chiral products. This review provides a collection of >80 stereoselective studies for CFs related to chiral analytical methods, fungicidal activity, non-target toxicity, and behavior of this broadly used pesticide class in the soil environment. In addition, the review sheds more light on mechanisms behind stereoselectivity, considers possible agricultural and environmental implications, and suggests future directions for the safe use of chiral CFs and the reduction of their environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bielská
- Recetox, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarah E Hale
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930, Ullevål Stadion, N-0806 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lucia Škulcová
- Recetox, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
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23
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Škulcová L, Chandran NN, Bielská L. Chiral conazole fungicides - (Enantioselective) terrestrial bioaccumulation and aquatic toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140821. [PMID: 32679504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Five conazole fungicides (CFs) (epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, myclobutanil, uniconazole (P), rac-uniconazole, and diniconazole) were tested in order to provide additional information on i) the effects of CFs on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and on the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius under acute exposure scenarios and in multi-generation exposure studies, taking advantage of the short life cycle of nematodes and ii) on the bioaccumulation (earthworm Eisenia andrei) profiles of CFs including also the enantiomer-specific assessment of degradation in soils and uptake/elimination by earthworms. Acute toxicity was considered low following the exposure of up to 2.5 mg of CFs per liter of the test medium. In a multigeneration study on nematodes, all five generations exposed to epoxiconazole were significantly negatively affected in terms of reproductive efficiency, and the severity of effects increased from F0 to F1 generation and was sustained thereafter. Adverse effects were also observed in the case of uniconazole (P) and diniconazole, and similarly to epoxiconazole, the effects occurred within the active life of the pesticides and were assumed to be based on their half-lives in soil (e.g., 53.3 to 691 days for uniconazole and diniconazole in our study) and in sediment/water. Bioaccumulation of diniconazole and uniconazole by earthworms varied between soils (Lufa 2.1 ≥ Lufa 2.4 > sandy soil > Lufa 2.2) and compounds (diniconazole > uniconazole) and was enantioselective. Earthworms preferentially accumulated R-uniconazole as a result of faster elimination of the S-form, which was evidenced from the enantiomer-specific uptake/elimination rate constants derived from the bioaccumulation profiles. Our results suggest that multigeneration exposure studies can advantageously be used for assessing the long-term and trans-general effects of pesticides. Also, the enantioselectivity in bioaccumulation observed for both uniconazole and diniconazole suggests that enantioselectivity in the fate and effects should be considered when exploring ways for safer and sustainable use of chiral pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Škulcová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Naveen Njattuvetty Chandran
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bielská
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic; Faculty of Agrosciences, Mendel University, Zemědělská 1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic.
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24
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhao X, Gao B, He Z, Li L, Shi H, Wang M. Stereoselective uptake and metabolism of prothioconazole caused oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122756. [PMID: 32353726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTA) is a novel, broad-spectrum, chiral triazole fungicide that is mainly used to prevent and control the disease of cereal crops. However, the adverse effects of PTA and its major metabolite on nontarget organisms have aroused wide concern. In the present work, the acute toxic of the metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (PTA-desthio), with an LC50 of 1.31 mg L-1, was 3.5-fold more toxic than the parent compound, indicating that the metabolism of PTA in zebrafish was toxic. The stereoselective uptake and metabolism of PTA and PTA-desthio in zebrafish was firstly investigated using LC-MS/MS. Remarkable enantioselectivity was observed: S-PTA and S-PTA-desthio were preferentially uptake with the uptake rate constants of 8.22 and 8.15 d-1 at exposure concentration of 0.5 mg L-1, respectively, and the R-PTA-desthio were preferentially metabolized. PTA-desthio was rapidly formed during the uptake processes. The antioxidant enzyme activities in the zebrafish changed significantly, and these effects were reversible. A metabolic pathway including 13 phase I metabolites and 2 phase II metabolites was firstly proposed. A glucuronic acid conjugate and sulfate conjugate were observed in zebrafish. The results of this work provide information that highlights and can help mitigate the potential toxicity of PTA to the ecological environment and humans health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Zongzhe He
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Lianshan Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 20095, PR China.
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25
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Lee HK, Kim K, Lee J, Lee J, Lee J, Kim S, Lee SE, Kim JH. Targeted toxicometabolomics of endosulfan sulfate in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) using GC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:122056. [PMID: 32000124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Endosulfan sulfate is a major oxidative metabolite of the chlorinated insecticide endosulfan. In this study, a targeted metabolomics approach was used to investigate the toxic mechanisms of endosulfan sulfate in adult zebrafish using the multiple reaction monitoring mode of a GC-MS/MS. The LC50 of endosulfan sulfate in adult zebrafish was determined and then zebrafish were exposed to endosulfan sulfate at one-tenth the LC50 (0.1LC50) or the LC50 for 24 and 48 h. After exposure, the fish were extracted, derivatized and analyzed by GC-MS/MS for 379 metabolites to identify 170 metabolites. Three experimental groups (control, 0.1LC50 and LC50) were clearly separated in PLS-DA score plots. Based on the VIP, ANOVA, and fold change results, 40 metabolites were selected as biomarkers. Metabolic pathways associated with those metabolites were identified using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 as follows: aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis, citrate cycle, glycerolipid metabolism, and arginine/proline metabolism. Gene expression studies confirmed the activation of citrate cycle and glycerolipids metabolism. MDA levels of the exposed group significantly increased in oxidative toxicity assay tests. Such significant perturbations of important metabolites within key biochemical pathways must result in biologically hazardous effects in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Kyung Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghak Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwa Lee
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Jiho Lee
- Environmental Medical Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Kim
- Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Han Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Xu J, Xiong H, Zhang X, Muhayimana S, Liu X, Xue Y, Huang Q. Comparative cytotoxic effects of five commonly used triazole alcohol fungicides on human cells of different tissue types. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 55:438-446. [PMID: 32180509 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1709377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of triazole fungicides makes people attach great concern over its adverse effects in mammalian. In this paper, cytotoxic effects of triazole alcohol fungicides (TAFs) were assessed on human HeLa, A549, HCT116 and K562 cells, and the potential mechanism of TAFs cytotoxicity was studied preliminarily. Results showed that TAFs had cytotoxicity on human cells with different level and cytotoxic selectivity. TAFs cytotoxicity was resonated with a typical hormetic biphasic dose action that produced a complex pattern of stimulatory or inhibitory effects on cell viability. Among the five TAFs, diniconazole revealed a widest range of cytotoxicity to inhibit the viability of the adherent and the suspension cells, causing HeLa cells shrinkage, A549 cells shrunken, and K562 cells collapse, and showed stronger cytotoxicity than hexaconazole. Moreover, the involvement of ROS generation in the cytotoxicity of TAFs on human cells was observed, and the apoptosis of HeLa cells and the formation of apoptotic body in K562 cells induced by diniconazole were characterized. The results indicated the cytotoxicity of TAFs with different structures on human cells was depended on their own property and cell specificity, K562 cells were the most susceptible to TAFs and diniconazole was the strongest toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyong Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xianfei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Solange Muhayimana
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yufan Xue
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qingchun Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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27
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Germeys C, Vandoorne T, Bercier V, Van Den Bosch L. Existing and Emerging Metabolomic Tools for ALS Research. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121011. [PMID: 31817338 PMCID: PMC6947647 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that aberrant energy metabolism could play an important role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite this, studies applying advanced technologies to investigate energy metabolism in ALS remain scarce. The rapidly growing field of metabolomics offers exciting new possibilities for ALS research. Here, we review existing and emerging metabolomic tools that could be used to further investigate the role of metabolism in ALS. A better understanding of the metabolic state of motor neurons and their surrounding cells could hopefully result in novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valérie Bercier
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-33-06-81
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28
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Kim HM, Long NP, Yoon SJ, Nguyen HT, Kwon SW. Metabolomics and phenotype assessment reveal cellular toxicity of triclosan in Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124306. [PMID: 31319312 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antibiotic that is added to household and personal care products. Recently, it has become more popular, turning into one of the major contaminants of the environment. This raises a dawning awareness regarding health and environmental issues. In this study, the toxicity of TCS to Caenorhabditis elegans was evaluated using a metabolomics approach. Additionally, the lifespan, locomotion, and reproduction of C. elegans were monitored for a better interpretation of toxic effects. In C. elegans exposed to TCS at the concentration of 1 mg/L, the average lifespan decreased in approximately 3 days. Reproduction and locomotion were also decreased with TCS exposure. The number of progenies, head thrashes, and body bends decreased to 45.15 ± 11.63, 39.60 ± 5.90, and 9.20 ± 1.56 with the exposure to TCS, respectively. Oxidative stress was induced by TCS exposure, which was confirmed by using DAF-16:GFP strain and H2DCF-DA-based ROS assay. Metabolomics analysis revealed that carbohydrates and amino acids related to energy production were considerably affected by TCS exposure. Additionally, levels of tyrosine, serine, and polyamines, responsible for neurotransmitter and stress response, were significantly altered. Collectively, our findings suggest that TCS induces toxic effects by various mechanisms and exerts a strong influence in various phenotypes of the tested model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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29
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Tian S, Teng M, Meng Z, Yan S, Jia M, Li R, Liu L, Yan J, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Toxicity effects in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) induced by prothioconazole. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113269. [PMID: 31574395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are widely used in agriculture production and have adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. As one of the triazole fungicides, prothioconazole has been reported to cause many toxicological effects, but its risks to aquatic organisms are unknown. In this study, we systematically explored the toxicity effects of prothioconazole exposure on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) involving in developmental toxicity, oxidative damage and metabolism disorders. The results showed that prothioconazole exposure to zebrafish embryos produced a series of toxic symptoms, including hatching inhibition, shortening of body length, pericardial cyst and yolk cyst. In addition, prothioconazole exposure caused significant lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. Particularly, we also found that metabolites and genes involved in lipid metabolism also showed significant changes. This study may provide theoretical basis for systematically assessing the potential risks of zebrafish embryos with prothioconazole exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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30
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Zhao C, Jia Z, Li E, Zhao X, Han T, Tian J, Li F, Zou D, Lin R. Hepatotoxicity evaluation of Euphorbia kansui on zebrafish larvae in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152959. [PMID: 31132752 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Euphorbia kansui is effective in treating various diseases, such as ascites and edema, but its liver toxicity is a major obstacle in its wide use in the clinic. However, further investigations have suggested that Euphorbia kansui can cause liver injury. HYPOTHESIS The study aims to investigate the effect of Euphorbia kansui exposure on zebrafish, and explain the underlying toxicity mechanisms from a comprehensive perspective. STUDY DESIGN The 4dpf zebrafish larvae were exposed to Euphorbia kansui at a sub-lethal concentration. METHODS We evaluated the effect of Euphorbia kansui on the ultrastructure and function of the liver, apoptosis of liver cells by PCR and western blot, and metabolic profile by GC-MS based on sub-lethal concentrations. RESULTS Our results suggested Euphorbia kansui could lead to liver injury and significant alteration of the metabolomics of the zebrafish larvae in sub-lethal concentration conditions. It could also induce alterations in liver microstructure, hepatic function, gene expression and protein associated with the apoptosis process, as well as endogenous metabolism. KEGG pathway analysis identified some biological processes on the basis of different metabolisms and their associated processes especially for amino acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The results bring us closer to an in-depth understanding of the toxic effects of Euphorbia kansui on zebrafish liver, which will be significantly helpful in effectively guiding safer clinical application of this herb in the clinic. Furthermore, our results also showed the zebrafish model is reliable for evaluation of Euphorbia kansui extract hepatotoxicity and as a methodological reference for the evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine with underlying liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjun Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Zhe Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Erwen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ting Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Jinghuan Tian
- CCRF (Beijing) Incorporated, Shimao International Center Office Building One, Room, 806, Gongti North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, PR China
| | - Farong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shanxi Normal University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Dixin Zou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China.
| | - Ruichao Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Garden, Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, PR China.
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Zhang R, Pan Z, Wang X, Shen M, Zhou J, Fu Z, Jin Y. Short-term propamocarb exposure induces hepatic metabolism disorder associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis in adult male zebrafish. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:88-96. [PMID: 30544157 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Propamocarb (PM) is a pesticide that is widely used to protect cucumbers and other plants from downy mildew. Recently, some studies indicated that PM exposure had potential toxic effects in animals. In this study, adult male zebrafish were exposed to 100 and 1000 μg/l PM for 7 days to assess its effects on metabolism and the gut microbiota. We observed a significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) in the livers of zebrafish that were exposed to 1000 μg/l PM for 7 days. At the same time, some genes related to glycolysis and lipid metabolism in the livers of zebrafish, including hexokinase-1 (HK1), pyruvate kinase (PK), acyl-CoA oxidase (Aco), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (Ppar-α), apolipoprotein A-IV-like (Apo), Acetyl CoA carboxylase-1 (Acc1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (Dgat), and fatty acid synthase (Fas), were also decreased significantly after PM exposure. Based on GC-MS metabolomics analysis, a total of 48 metabolites changed significantly in the 1000 μg/l PM treatment group in comparison with the control group. These altered metabolites were mainly associated with the glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism pathways. Interestingly, we further found that the 1000 μg/l PM treatment group also showed significant elevations in Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes at the phylum level. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in the V3-V4 region also showed a significant change in the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in the 1000 μg/l PM treatment group. Our results indicated that exposure to PM for a short time could induce hepatic metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in adult male zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihong Pan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Manlu Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Wang F, Gao J, Chen L, Zhou Z, Liu D, Wang P. Enantioselective bioaccumulation and metabolism of lactofen in zebrafish Danio rerio and combined effects with its metabolites. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:443-452. [PMID: 30245221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residue in agricultural land might led to contamination of fresh waters, creating potential risks to organisms. The environmental behavior of herbicide lactofen may be enantioselective and the metabolites may have high toxic effects in individual or in combination. In this work, the enantioselective bioaccumulation, metabolism and toxic effects of lactofen and three metabolites (desethyl lactofen, acifluorfene, and amino acifluorfene) in zebrafish were investigated. The antioxidase activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase), lipid peroxidation content were measured after exposure, and genetic toxicity was evaluated by a micronucleus test. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) method was used to determine the effects of the lactofen and its metabolites as well as their combinations. The metabolites were found to have higher toxic effects, and enantioselective toxic effects of lactofen and desethyl lactofen were observed, with the S-enantiomer more toxic. Based on IBR values, synergistic effects existed in combination of lactofen and desethyl lactofen, while antagonistic effects of lactofen with acifluorfene or amino acifluorfene were observed. Zebrafish were exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 lactofen and the bioaccumulation were measured during a 15 d period followed by a 7 d elimination. The half-lives of the metabolites varied between 0.66 and 5.21 d, with bioconcentration factors (BCFs) in the range of 39-120. The metabolic pathways of R- and S-lactofen were found to be significantly different. The results supported our hypothesis. Therefore, the assessment of enantiomers and metabolites in individual or in combination should be taken into consideration in evaluating chiral pesticide risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Zhao C, Li E, Wang Z, Tian J, Dai Y, Ni Y, Li F, Ma Z, Lin R. Nux Vomica Exposure Triggered Liver Injury and Metabolic Disturbance in Zebrafish Larvae. Zebrafish 2018; 15:610-628. [PMID: 30277848 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish larvae were used to further understand the liver toxicity of nux vomica. The histopathology, protein expression, and gene expression were assessed to confirm apoptosis in the liver, and then, profiles of the metabolites in zebrafish were investigated by untargeted metabolomic assessment to understand the potential toxicity mechanism of nux vomica. Histopathological observations showed that nux vomica caused damage to liver cells. Western blot results indicated increased expression of activated caspase3, and the result of real-time polymerase chain reaction showed a significant increase in the expression level of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 genes (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. The liver injury from nux vomica was linked to the downregulation of amino acid (e.g., proline and alanine) and fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic acid) metabolism and upregulation of some other fatty acid (e.g., arachidic acid) and purine (e.g., xanthine and uric acid) metabolism. The hepatotoxicity of nux vomica resulted from metabolic pathway disturbances, including small molecules involved in energy, purine, lipids, and amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjun Zhao
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Erwen Li
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Wang
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Jinghuan Tian
- 2 CCRF (Beijing), Inc., Shimao International Center Office Building One , Beijing, China
| | - Yihang Dai
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ni
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Farong Li
- 3 Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shanxi Normal University , Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
| | - Ruichao Lin
- 1 Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, China
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Xia J, Jin C, Pan Z, Sun L, Fu Z, Jin Y. Chronic exposure to low concentrations of lead induces metabolic disorder and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018. [PMID: 29529432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lead (Pb) is one of the most prevalent toxic, nonessential heavy metals that can contaminate food and water. In this study, effects of chronic exposure to low concentrations of Pb on metabolism and gut microbiota were evaluated in mice. It was observed that exposure of mice to 0.1mg/L Pb, supplied via drinking water, for 15weeks increased hepatic TG and TCH levels. The levels of some key genes related to lipid metabolism in the liver increased significantly in Pb-treated mice. For the gut microbiota, at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes changed obviously in the feces and the cecal contents of mice exposed to 0.1mg/L Pb for 15weeks. In addition, 16s rRNA gene sequencing further discovered that Pb exposure affected the structure and richness of the gut microbiota. Moreover, a 1H NMR metabolic analysis unambiguously identified 31 metabolites, and 15 metabolites were noticeably altered in 0.1mg/L Pb-treated mice. Taken together, the data indicate that chronic Pb exposure induces dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and metabolic disorder in mice. CAPSULE Chronic Pb exposure induces metabolic disorder, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and hepatic lipid metabolism disorder in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Xia
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Cuiyuan Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zihong Pan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Liu Y, Wang X, Li Y, Chen X. Metabolomic analysis of short-term sulfamethazine exposure on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 198:269-275. [PMID: 29573603 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological effects of sulfamethazine (SM2) have garnered increasing concern due to its wide applications in aquaculture and persistence in the aquatic environment. Most studies have main focused on freshwater fish (i.e. zebrafish), while information regarding effects of SM2 on marine species is still scarce. Here, the hepatotoxicities in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) with an increasing SM2 concentration exposures (0.01 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L) were assessed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) based metabolomics. Significant metabolites belonging to different metabolites classes were identified by multivariate statistical analysis. The increases levels of amino acids including alanine, asparagine, ornithine, proline, threonine, glutamic acid, lysine, tyrosine and phenylalanine were found in at least two exposure levels. Pathway analysis revealed that amino acids played important biological roles during SM2 exposure: up-regulation of high energy-related amino acids for energy alteration; immune function disorder, oxidative stress and corresponding toxicities defenses. The down regulations of sugar and fatty acid metabolism were observed with an increasing level of SM2 exposure, suggesting that extra energy for cellular defense and detoxification was demanded in terms of different stress request. This study provided an innovative perspective to explore possible SM2 induced hepatic damages at three exposure levels on a nontarget aquatic specie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Gu J, Ji C, Yue S, Shu D, Su F, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Liu W, Zhao M. Enantioselective Effects of Metalaxyl Enantiomers in Adolescent Rat Metabolic Profiles Using NMR-Based Metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5438-5447. [PMID: 29683314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
More than 30% of the registered pesticides are chiral with one or more chiral centers and exist as two or more enantiomers. The frequency of chiral chemicals and their environmental safety has been considered in their risk assessment in recent decades. Despite the fact that metabolic disturbance is an important sensitive molecular initiating event of toxicology effects, the potential mechanisms of how chiral compounds affect metabolism phenotypes in organisms remain unclear. As a typical chiral pesticide, metalaxyl is an acylalanine fungicide with systemic function. Although the fungicidal activity almost comes from the R-enantiomer, the toxicity of both enantiomers in animals and human beings is not yet clear. In this study, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach was adopted to evaluate the enantioselectivity in metabolic perturbations in adolescent rats. On the basis of multivariate statistical results, stable and evident metabolic profiles of the enantiomers were obtained. When rats were exposed to R-metalaxyl, the significantly perturbed metabolic pathways were biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and metabolism of glycerolipid. In contrast, more significantly perturbed metabolic pathways were obtained when the rats were exposed to S-metalaxyl, including glycolysis, biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, metabolism of glycine, serine, and threonine, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, metabolism of glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid. These abnormal metabolic pathways were closely related to liver metabolism. These results offer more detailed information about the enantioselective metabolic effects of metalaxyl in adolescent development and provide data for the health risk assessment of metalaxyl at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiping Liu
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
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Metabolism studies of chiral pesticides: A critical review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:89-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Jin C, Luo T, Zhu Z, Pan Z, Yang J, Wang W, Fu Z, Jin Y. Imazalil exposure induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and hepatic metabolism disorder in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 202:85-93. [PMID: 28888875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The fungicide imazalil (IMZ) is used extensively to preserve freshness, prevent decay and control fungal infections in fruits, vegetables or other plants. Recently, some studies have reported that the real in aquatic systems have reached very high levels. Here, male adult zebrafish were exposed to 100 and 1000μg/L IMZ for 1, 7, 21days, and the gut microbiota and hepatic metabolism were evaluated. Exposure to a high concentration of IMZ for 21days decreased mucin secretion in the gut. Sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed a significant increase in the diversity of gut microbiota in male zebrafish. At the phylum level, the composition of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes was decreased, while those Fusobacteria and Firmicutes increased in the gut after exposure to 1000μg/L IMZ for 21days. At the genus level, 29 species of microorganisms were significantly changed after IMZ exposure. Based on GC/MS metabolomics analysis, 101 metabolites were observably significantly altered in the 1000μg/L IMZ-treatment group. These changed metabolites were mainly associated with the pathway of glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. In addition, the transcription of some genes related to glycolysis and lipid metabolism, including Aco, Cpt1, Acc1, Srebp1a and Fas, was decreased significantly in the liver of zebrafish when exposed to 100 and 1000μg/L IMZ for 7 or 21days. These results indicated that exposure to IMZ could cause gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorders in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyuan Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ting Luo
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zihong Pan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jiajing Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Zhang H, Zhao L. Influence of sublethal doses of acetamiprid and halosulfuron-methyl on metabolites of zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 191:85-94. [PMID: 28806601 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetamiprid, a neonicotinoid pesticide, is reported to have adverse sublethal effects on non-target beneficial organisms. Halosulfuron-methyl (HM), one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture, has high ecotoxicity to aquatic plants and animals. In this study, a GC-MS-based metabolomics approach was used to investigate the toxicity of acetamiprid and HM. The Automated Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS) software program and the retention index method were used to identify 51 metabolites in zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio). Changes in metabolites showed that acetamiprid and HM disturbed amino acid (e.g., leucine, valine, serine, glycine, proline, and alanine) metabolism, the TCA cycle (malic acid and fumaric acid), and the balance of neurotransmitters (glutamic acid, taurine, and glycine). The change in metabolites in the liver, head, and blood indicated that metabolites in the liver were more sensitive than those in the head and blood. Overall, on the basis of the change in metabolites, we identified a potential risk to zebra fish exposed to sublethal doses of acetamiprid and/or HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000, PR China; Shanxi Academy of Analytical Science, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Department of Biology, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000, PR China.
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Molecularly imprinted mesoporous silica embedded with carbon dots and semiconductor quantum dots as a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for diniconazole. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 96:121-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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