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Khajvand M, Drogui P, Arab H, Tyagi RD, Brien E. Hybrid process combining ultrafiltration and electro-oxidation for COD and nonylphenol ethoxylate removal from industrial laundry wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142931. [PMID: 39053780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Laundry wastewater is a significant source of nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEO) at wastewater treatment plants, where its breakdown forms persistent nonylphenol (NP). NP poses risks as an endocrine disruptor in wildlife and humans. This study investigates the degradation of NPEO and COD in industrial laundry wastewater (LWW) using a two-stage process combining ultrafiltration (UF) and electro-oxidation (EO). UF was used to remove suspended solids, while soluble COD (COD0 = 239 ± 6 mg.L-1) and NPEO (NPEO0 = 341 ± 8 μg.L-1) were oxidized by the EO process. Different operating parameters were studied such as current density, electrolysis time, type of cathode and supporting electrolyte concentration. Using an experimental design methodology, the optimal conditions for COD and NPEO3-17 degradation were recorded. This included achieving 97% degradation of NPEO3-17 and 61% degradation of COD, with a total operating cost of 3.65 USD·m-3. These optimal conditions were recorded at a current density of 15 mA cm-2 for a 120-min reaction period in the presence of 4 g·Na2SO4 L-1 using a graphite cathode. The EO process allowed for reaching the guidelines required for water reuse (NPEO <200 μg.L-1, COD <100 mg.L-1) in the initial laundry washing cycles. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that both NP and NPEO compounds, including higher and shorter ethoxylate chains (NPEO3-17), were effectively degraded during the EO process, with removal efficiencies between 94% and 98%. This confirms the EO process's capability to effectively degrade NP, the by-product of NPEO breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Khajvand
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre-Eau Terre Environnement (ETE), Université Du Québec, 490 Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Patrick Drogui
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre-Eau Terre Environnement (ETE), Université Du Québec, 490 Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Hamed Arab
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre-Eau Terre Environnement (ETE), Université Du Québec, 490 Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, China; BOSK Bioproducts, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Brien
- Groupe Veos Inc, 1552 Rue Nationale, Terrebonne, Québec, J6W 6M1, Canada
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Teixeira AR, Jorge N, Lucas MS, Peres JA. Winery and olive mill wastewaters treatment using nitrilotriacetic acid/UV-C/Fenton process: Batch and semi-continuous mode. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117545. [PMID: 37914014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, both red and white winery wastewaters (WW) and olive mill wastewater (OMW) were submitted to a treatment by Fenton-based processes (FBPs). The main aim was to evaluate the most efficient and economic process. Initial tests, resorting to a batch reactor, demonstrated that UV-C/Fenton (λ = 254 nm) was the most effective process. Operational conditions such as pH, H2O2 and Fe2+ concentrations revealed to have a superior influence within dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal as well as regarding the reactor's energy consumption. As a means to prevent iron precipitation, the addition of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) was tested. With experimental conditions pH = 3.0, [H2O2] = 194 mM, [Fe2+] = 1.0 mM, [NTA] = 1.0 mM, radiation UV-C (254 nm), time = 240 min, the kinetic rate related with DOC removal showed a kredWW = 0.0128 min-1 > kOMW = 0.0124 min-1 > kwhiteWW = 0.0104 min-1 and both the WW and OMW achieved the Portuguese legal limit values for wastewater discharge. Furthermore, comparative experiments were performed in a semi-continuous reactor, being that the results put in evidence that the concentration of H2O2 added and the flow rate of reagents' addition (F) had a significant effect on the efficiency of the reactor. Under an optimum experimental procedure pH = 3.0, [H2O2] = 97 mM, [Fe2+] = 1.0 mM, [NTA] = 1.0 mM, radiation UV-C (254 nm), F = 1 mL min-1, time = 240 min, there were observed higher DOC removal kinetic rates (kOMW = 15.20 × 10-3 min-1 > kredWW = 11.64 × 10-3 min-1 > kwhiteWW = 11.57 × 10-3 min-1) and a cost ranging between 0.0402 and 0.0419 €/g.DOC. These results showed that semi-continuous reactors have the potential to be applied to large scale treatments, with low reagents consumption and reduced energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Teixeira
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nuno Jorge
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Marco S Lucas
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José A Peres
- Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQVR), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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3
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Liu H, Hong X, Chen J, Lin X, Wang B, Xiong Y. Electrochemical oxidation of tetrahydrofurfuryl acohol on boron-doped diamond anode: Influence of current density and electrolyte solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140396. [PMID: 37820875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA), a widely applied raw materials, intermediate and solvent in the fields of agricultural, industry (especially in nuclear industry), is a potentially hazardous and non-biodegradable pollutant in wastewater. In this study, the electrochemical degradation pathways of THFA by a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode with different current density (jappl = 20, 40 and 60 mA cm-2) and electrolyte solution (KNO3, KCl and K2SO4) was carefully investigated. The results exhibit that high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and mineralization rates were achieved by rapid non-selective oxidation in electrolyte solutions mediated by hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) and active chlorine (sulfate) under constant current electrolysis. In-depth data analysis using the high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy, the underlying removal pathways of THFA in KNO3, KCl and K2SO4 electrolyte solutions are proposed according to the effect of different mineralization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China; School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Hong
- School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Jingshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China; School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Xu Lin
- School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China; School of Materials & Chemistry, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China.
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Meng X, Zeng P, Lin S, Bao H, Wu M, Yang L, Jing G, Han H, Zhang C, Jiang X, Wang S, Ding W, Sun W. Removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from high salinity tungsten smelting wastewater by one-step electrochemical oxidation: From bench-scale test, pilot-scale test, to industrial test. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 340:117983. [PMID: 37116419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, electrochemical oxidation (EO) shows the characteristics of green and high efficiency in removing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) from wastewater, which has been favored by researchers. However, at present, most of current studies on EO remain in laboratory stage, reports about pilot-scale or even industrial tests with large treatment capacity are few, which slowing down the use of the advanced technology to practical application. In this study, bench-scale tests, pilot-scale tests (treatment capacity 200-500 L/h), and industrial tests (treatment capacity 100 m3/h) were carried out by EO technology in view of the characteristics of tungsten smelting wastewater (TSW) with high salinity (NaCl), COD, and NH3-N. Results showed that the removal of COD and NH3-N was a competitive reaction in the EO process, and COD could be removed more preferentially than NH3-N. When NH3-N content was low, the influent pH had a minimal effect on its removal, and when NH3-N content was high, increasing the influent pH was beneficial to its removal. Industrial tests showed that the one-step removal of COD and NH3-N in TSW met the standard, and the power consumption per cubic meter of wastewater was only 4.2 kW h, and the treatment cost was much lower than the two-step process of "breaking point chlorination to remove NH3-N and adding oxidant to remove COD". This study has successfully realized industrial application of EO technology in TSW treatment for the first time and provided a successful case, which is helpful to accelerate the popularization and application of this technology in the field of high salinity organic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Changsha Hasky Environmental Protection Technology Development Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Shangyong Lin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Huanjun Bao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Meirong Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Gaogui Jing
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Haisheng Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Changsha Hasky Environmental Protection Technology Development Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Jiangxi Xiushui Ganbei Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd, Xiushui, 332499, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Jiangxi Xiushui Ganbei Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd, Xiushui, 332499, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Zhang Y, Gu L, Zhang Y, Yang J, Li Q, Yu S, Li C, Wei K. Energy-efficient reuse of bio-treated textile wastewater by a porous-structure electrochemical PbO2 filter: Performance and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116254. [PMID: 37245572 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel porous-structure electrochemical PbO2 filter (PEF-PbO2) was developed to achieve the reuse of bio-treated textile wastewater. The characterization of PEF-PbO2 confirmed that its coating has a variable pore size that increases with depth from the substrate, and the pores with a size of 5 μm account for the largest proportion. The study on the role of this unique structure illustrated that PEF-PbO2 possesses a larger electroactive area (4.09 times) than the conventional electrochemical PbO2 filter (EF-PbO2) and enhanced mass transfer (1.39 times) in flow mode. The investigation of operating parameters with a special discussion of electric energy consumption suggested that the optimal conditions were a current density of 3 mA cm-2, Na2SO4 concentration of 10 g L-1 and pH value of 3, which resulted in 99.07% and 53.3% removal of Rhodamine B and TOC, respectively, together with an MCETOC of 24.6%. A stable removal of 65.9% COD and 99.5% Rhodamine B with a low electric energy consumption of 5.19 kWh kg-1 COD under long-term reuse of bio-treated textile wastewater indicated that PEF-PbO2 was durable and energy-efficient in practical applications. Mechanism study by simulation calculation illustrated that the part of the pore of the PEF-PbO2's coating with small size (5 μm) plays an important role in this excellent performance which provides the advantage of rich ·OH concentration, short pollutant diffusion distance and high contact possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Liankai Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Shuyan Yu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Congju Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kajia Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Kislyi A, Moroz I, Guliaeva V, Prokhorov Y, Klevtsova A, Mareev S. Electrochemical Oxidation of Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Solution Using a Ti 4O 7 Particle Anode. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050521. [PMID: 37233582 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Anodes based on substoichiometric titanium oxide (Ti4O7) are among the most effective for the anodic oxidation of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions. Such electrodes can be made in the form of semipermeable porous structures called reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs). Recent work has shown that REMs with large pore sizes (0.5-2 mm) are highly efficient (comparable or superior to boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes) and can be used to oxidize a wide range of contaminants. In this work, for the first time, a Ti4O7 particle anode (with a granule size of 1-3 mm and forming pores of 0.2-1 mm) was used for the oxidation of benzoic, maleic and oxalic acids and hydroquinone in aqueous solutions with an initial COD of 600 mg/L. The results demonstrated that a high instantaneous current efficiency (ICE) of about 40% and a high removal degree of more than 99% can be achieved. The Ti4O7 anode showed good stability after 108 operating hours at 36 mA/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Kislyi
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Ilya Moroz
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Vera Guliaeva
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Yuri Prokhorov
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Anastasiia Klevtsova
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Semyon Mareev
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
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Álvarez JM, Arrieta Zuccalli MB, Arturi T, Bianchi GL. Combined electrocoagulation and electrooxidation treatment system for real effluents from the fishing industry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14906. [PMID: 37025915 PMCID: PMC10070158 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fishing industries are characterized by high water consumption and a considerable content of organic matter and salt in their wastewater. In this work, a combined electrochemical process was studied at laboratory scale for the treatment of real wastewater from the processing of mackerel from an industrial facility located in the province of Buenos Aires that discharges to the sewer, which the plant is currently using and does not produce an effluent in discharge conditions. Taking advantage of the high conductivity of these effluents, in the electrocoagulation stage with aluminum anodes, it was possible to remove the coarsest fraction of suspended matter, achieving a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal of about 60%, at pH 7.5, showing a higher efficiency over the conventional treatment. Despite this superiority, the necessary removal was still not achieved; therefore, the wastewater treated by electrocoagulation was then subjected to electrooxidation, using a graphite anode and a titanium cathode, and with a first-order oxidation kinetics, achieving a final COD value lower than the discharge limit, after 7.5 min of processing at pH 6, obtaining an efficient treatment for removal of high concentrations dissolved organic matter and colloidal/suspended particles in this kind of effluent. All treatments were performed in batches. The removal of pollutants in the wastewater was verified by means of spectroscopic and voltammetric techniques; at the same time, these techniques, together with SEM-EDX analysis, proved the superiority of electrocoagulation over chemical coagulation. This study laid the groundwork for the design of modifications to the plant to achieve discharge parameters in accordance with current legislation.
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Ranga M, Sinha S. Mechanism and Techno‐Economic Analysis of the Electrochemical Process. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202200025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ranga
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Chemical Engineering 247667 Roorkee, Uttarakhand India
| | - Shishir Sinha
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Chemical Engineering 247667 Roorkee, Uttarakhand India
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Banti A, Grammenos O, Kokkinos Ε, Touni A, Sotiropoulos S, Zouboulis A. Electrochemical conversion of chromium from tannery effluents for potential reuse in industrial applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8722-8731. [PMID: 35381928 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation of trivalent chromium from leather tanning mud waste leachates (containing ca 6 g.L-1 Cr(III)) to its hexavalent form was carried out using a PbOx/Pb anode electrode in a prototype small (0.4 L) cylindrical batch electrochemical reactor. The PbOx/Pb anode was prepared by electrochemical anodization at constant current (75 mA cm-2 for 30 min) in a sulfuric acid solution and characterized by the cyclic voltammetry technique to investigate the effect of pH on the process. It was found that at pH = 3, Cr(III) oxidation prevails over the competing water oxidation-oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hence increasing the efficiency of the process. A detailed study of pH (0-3), current density (12-24 mA cm-2), and cell type (divided-undivided) effects on bulk electrolysis of Cr(III) leachates in the batch prototype reactor resulted in process optimization. At pH = 3, 12 mA cm-2 and a cathode inserted in a porous diaphragm envelope, nearly 70% conversion was achieved at a nearly 60% current efficiency, among the highest in the previously reported literature. The method (further optimized with an ion-selective membrane separator) could offer an attractive route for tannery Cr(III) conversion to Cr(VI) for reuse as an etchant or electroplating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Banti
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Orestis Grammenos
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Εvgenios Kokkinos
- Laboratory of Chemical & Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Touni
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sotiris Sotiropoulos
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Zouboulis
- Laboratory of Chemical & Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Rizvi OS, Ikhlaq A, Ashar UU, Qazi UY, Akram A, Kalim I, Alazmi A, Ibn Shamsah SM, Alawi Al-Sodani KA, Javaid R, Qi F. Application of poly aluminum chloride and alum as catalyst in catalytic ozonation process after coagulation for the treatment of textile wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:115977. [PMID: 36113296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Textile wastewater is ranked highly contaminated among all industrial waste. During textile processing, the consumption of dyes and complex chemicals at various stages makes textile industrial wastewater highly challenging. Therefore, conventional processes based on single-unit treatment may not be sufficient to comply with the environmental quality discharge standards and more stringent guidelines for zero discharge of hazardous chemicals (ZDHC). In this study, a novel approach was followed by recycling Poly aluminum chloride (PACl) and Alum as a catalyst for the first time in the catalytic ozonation treatment process leading to a nascent method after using them as a coagulant in Coagulation/Flocculation. In the current investigation, six different combinations were studied to remove turbidity, TSS, COD, BOD5, color, and biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratios) of wastewater. Moreover, Central Composite Design was implied using RSM in Minitab software. During the combination of treatment processes, it was found that the pre-coagulation/flocculation with coagulant PACl followed by post-catalytic ozonation with recycled PACl, a more effective treatment than others. The optimum R.E of turbidity, TSS, COD, and color were 84%, 86%, 89%, and 98%, respectively. Moreover, a decrease in toxicity and increase in biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratio from 0.29 to 0.54) was observed as well. The electrical energy demand and operational costs of treatment processes were estimated and compared with other treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Shaheen Rizvi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Amir Ikhlaq
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Ubaid Ullah Ashar
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Umair Yaqub Qazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin, 39524, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asia Akram
- University of Management and Technology, Johar Town Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Kalim
- Food & Biotechnology Research Center of P.C.S.I.R Labs. Complex, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Amira Alazmi
- Department of Chemistry, University Colleges at Nairiyah, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin, 39524, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami M Ibn Shamsah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Hafr Al Batin. P.O Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin, 31991, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled A Alawi Al-Sodani
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, 31991, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rahat Javaid
- Renewable Energy Research Center, Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 2-2-9 Machiikedai, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-0298, Japan.
| | - Fei Qi
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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11
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Asfaha YG, Zewge F, Yohannes T, Kebede S. Application of hybrid electrocoagulation and electrooxidation process for treatment of wastewater from the cotton textile industry. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134706. [PMID: 35523291 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The hybrid electrocoagulation-electrooxidation (EC-EO) process was evaluated for its capability to remove color, total organic carbon (TOC), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Aluminum (Al/Al) and iridium dioxide-coated onto titanium (IrO2/Ti) electrodes were selected as anode/cathode for EC and EC-EO experiments, respectively. The box-Behnken statistical experimental design was used to optimize different operating conditions of the processes. The selected EC operating parameters are the concentrated dye concentration, applied current density, electrolysis time, and pH. The three chosen operating conditions for hybrid EC- EO processes are applied current density, pH, and electrolysis time. The results were evaluated based on the interaction effects of operating parameters of the treatment methods on the percentage of COD, TOC, and color removal. The EC process achieved 89% color and 76% COD removal rate at the optimum operating conditions. Likewise, the hybrid EC-EO process obtained 97% COD and color removal efficiency. FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy combined approach was employed to analyze the dye degradation extent. Both analysis results confirm the complete degradation of the organic contaminants into carbon dioxide and water. Thus, this study discloses that the treatment method using mesh IrO2/Ti electrodes is a promising technology that could reach the discharge limit for industrial effluents. In addition, the optimum operating conditions are tested for real industrial wastewater effluents and show excellent performance in removing pollutants. Furthermore, the treatment method's mineralization study and economic analysis were performed and compared to other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemane G Asfaha
- Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Feleke Zewge
- Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teketel Yohannes
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Shimelis Kebede
- School of Chemical and Bio-Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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12
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Wenqiang X, Shan J. Cod Removal From Actual Industrial Wastewater Using A Three‐Dimensional Electrochemical Apparatus. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiang Shan
- Sichuan International Studies University Chongqing China
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13
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Yao J, Lv S, Wang Z, Hu L, Chen J. Variation of current density with time as a novel method for efficient electrochemical treatment of real dyeing wastewater with energy savings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49976-49984. [PMID: 35224693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electro-oxidation is a promising technology for wastewater treatment with biorefractory organic and nitrogen pollutants; however, the high energy demand hinders its wide application. In this study, a novel method by regulating significant parameter during the electro-oxidation process in a timely manner for real dyeing wastewater treatment with energy savings was studied. Operating factors (i.e., flow rate, initial pH value, electrode distance, and current density) were investigated for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia removal, and the results indicated that current density was the key factor that obviously influenced the electrochemical performance. Indirect oxidation by active chlorine was then confirmed as the main reaction pathway for pollutant oxidation, and the relationship between the current density and the generation of active chlorine was established, suggesting that a large part of the generated active chlorine was not utilized effectively. Subsequently, a novel method of varying the current density in a timely manner based on the reaction mechanism was proposed; the results indicated that, with similar pollutant removal efficiencies, energy consumption could be reduced from 31.6 to 20.5 kWh/m3. Additionally, the novel system was further optimized by Box-Behnken design: The COD removal efficiency could reach 71.8%, and the energy demand could be reduced by 45.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Yao
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Sini Lv
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Liyong Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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14
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Combining Electro-Fenton and Adsorption Processes for Reclamation of Textile Industry Wastewater and Modeling by Artificial Neural Networks. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Mao G, Han Y, Liu X, Crittenden J, Huang N, Ahmad UM. Technology status and trends of industrial wastewater treatment: A patent analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132483. [PMID: 34624344 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, 80% of wastewater, among which 28% came from industry, returned to the ecosystem without treatment or reuse. The discharge of industrial wastewater poses public health and environmental concerns. The necessity and urgency of industrial wastewater treatment (IWT) will bring great challenges to most countries. This paper conducted the patent analysis combined with text mining to quantitatively analyze 11,840 patents related to IWT in the Derwent Innovations Index database. The results showed that: From 1973 to 2020, the number of patents related to IWT annually was increasing consistently. China ranked first in the number of patent publications. In contrast, the United States and some patent organizations, such as World Intellectual Property Organization, produced fewer patents, while they played more important roles in knowledge transfer. The core technology analysis suggested that method, device, material and related industry were hot topics. From activated sludge treatment technology, industrial wastewater treatment technology had gone through a development process from single technology treatment to combined technologies treatment. In the foreseeable future, research on devices for physical treatment, advanced oxidation processes, automated and energy-saving treatment systems were the promising directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhu Mao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Center for Green Buildings and Sponge Cities, Georgia Tech Tianjin University Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China
| | - Yixin Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Center for Green Buildings and Sponge Cities, Georgia Tech Tianjin University Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China; College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - John Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ning Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Center for Green Buildings and Sponge Cities, Georgia Tech Tianjin University Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China
| | - Umme Marium Ahmad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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16
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Process Optimization of Electrochemical Treatment of COD and Total Nitrogen Containing Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020850. [PMID: 35055672 PMCID: PMC8776051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an electrochemical method for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN, including ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite) removal from wastewater using a divided electrolysis cell was developed, and its process optimization was investigated. This process could effectively relieve the common issue of NO3-/NO2- over-reduction or NH4+ over-oxidation by combining cathodic NO3-/NO2- reduction with anodic COD/NH4+ oxidation. The activity and selectivity performances toward pollutant removal of the electrode materials were investigated by electrochemical measurements and constant potential electrolysis, suggesting that Ti electrode exhibited the best NO3-/NO2- reduction and N2 production efficiencies. In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the in-situ electrochemical information of pollutants conversion on electrode surfaces and propose their reaction pathways. The effects of main operating parameters (i.e., initial pH value, Cl- concentration, and current density) on the removal efficiencies of COD and TN were studied. Under optimal conditions, COD and TN removal efficiencies from simulated wastewater reached 92.7% and 82.0%, respectively. Additionally, reaction kinetics were investigated to describe the COD and TN removal. Results indicated that COD removal followed pseudo-first-order model; meanwhile, TN removal followed zero-order kinetics with a presence of NH4+ and then followed pseudo-first-order kinetics when NH4+ was completely removed. For actual pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, 79.1% COD and 87.0% TN were removed after 120 min electrolysis; and no NH4+ or NO2- was detected.
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17
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Li H, Kuang X, Shen X, Zhu J. Comparative electrochemical oxidation of the secondary effluent of petrochemical wastewater with electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation with supporting electrolytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:431-442. [PMID: 32633671 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1791971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electro-Fenton (EF) oxidation has high oxidation abilities and is widely used in the treatment of biorefractory and chemically refractory organic wastewater. However, it generates a large amount of iron sludge, which limits large-scale application. In this work, the comparative study of EF oxidation and anodic oxidation (AO) of the secondary effluent of petrochemical wastewater using boron doped diamond anode is carried out. In EF oxidation, the effects of Fe2+ concentration, pH value, and current density are investigated. The optimal conditions consist of the following: Fe2+ concentration of 1.5 mmol·L-1, pH of 4, and current density of 10 mA·cm-2. In AO process, the effect of adding SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, PO43-, and CO32- is investigated; the optimal conditions can be obtained by adding a Na2SO4 solution (0.075 mol·L-1). When compared with AO, although EF oxidation has a higher treatment efficiency, its energy consumption is higher, and the generated effluent (with 155 g of iron sludge·m-3) dramatically increases the post-treatment cost, thereby limiting its large-scale application. For AO with Na2SO4 solution (0.075 mol·L-1) and a COD removal efficiency of 70%, the corresponding treatment time is 1.34 h and the energy consumption is 2.44 kWh·m-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmou Kuang
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Shen
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wang C, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Yao X, Li R, Li S. Effect of Chronic Exposure to Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents on Growth Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Microbiota in Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Front Microbiol 2021; 12:782611. [PMID: 34899664 PMCID: PMC8656261 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.782611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing production and processing of textiles will lead to greater risks of releasing pollutants into the environment. Textile wastewater treatment plants (TWTPs) effluent are an important source of persistent toxic pollutants in receiving water bodies. The effects of specific pollutants on organisms are usually studied under laboratory conditions, and therefore, comprehensive results are not obtained regarding the chronic combined effects of pollutants under aquatic environmental conditions. Thus, this study aimed to determine the combined effects of TWTP effluents on the growth performance, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and intestinal microbiota of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exposure to TWTP effluents significantly inhibited growth, exacerbated the condition factor, and increased the mortality of adult zebrafish. Moreover, markedly decreases were observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, SOD, and T-AOC, mostly in the intestine and muscle tissues of zebrafish after 1 and 4 months of exposure. In addition, the results demonstrated that TWTP effluent exposure affected the intestinal microbial community composition and decreased community diversity. Slight changes were found in the relative abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Lactococcus in zebrafish guts after chronic TWTP effluent exposure. The chronic toxic effects of slight increases in opportunistic pathogens, such as Mycoplasma, Stenotrophomonas, and Vibrio, deserve further attention. Our results reveal that TWTP effluent exposure poses potential health risks to aquatic organisms through growth inhibition, oxidative stress impairment of the intestine and muscles, and intestinal microbial community alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixi Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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19
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Cifcioglu-Gozuacik B, Ergenekon SM, Ozbey-Unal B, Balcik C, Karagunduz A, Dizge N, Keskinler B. Efficient removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from textile printing wastewater by electro-oxidation considering the effects of NaCl and NaOCl addition. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:752-762. [PMID: 34388132 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an electro-oxidation (EO) process using graphite electrodes as electrode pairs was used for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4+-N), and color from real textile printing wastewater. The effects of solution pH, sodium chloride (NaCl) dosage, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), which is the oldest and still most important chlorine-based bleach, dosage, and oxidation time were investigated on the removal efficiencies. Operating conditions for the EO reactor were applied to current density 1 mA/cm2, distance between the electrodes: 2 cm, 150 min operation time, and stirring speed of 500 rpm. At optimum conditions: pH 9.5, applied current density 1 mA/cm2, NaCl dosage of 8 g/L, NaOCl dosage of 44.4 mg/L and 150 min electro-oxidation time, the obtained removal efficiencies were 86.5% and 91.1% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen, respectively. Efficiency was increased to 91.1% for ammoniacal nitrogen from 21.7% after applying EO combined with NaOCl addition compared to individual NaOCl addition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sinem Merve Ergenekon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Bahar Ozbey-Unal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey; Institute of Earth and Marine Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Balcik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Karagunduz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
| | - Bulent Keskinler
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
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20
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Bosio M, de Souza-Chaves BM, Saggioro EM, Bassin JP, Dezotti MWC, Quinta-Ferreira ME, Quinta-Ferreira RM. Electrochemical degradation of psychotropic pharmaceutical compounds from municipal wastewater and neurotoxicity evaluations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23958-23974. [PMID: 33398734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are released daily into surface water, and their recalcitrant properties often require tertiary treatment. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is often used as an alternative way to eliminate these compounds from water, although the literature barely addresses the neurotoxic effects of residual by-products. Therefore, this study investigated the performance of EO in the removal of five CECs (alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, and carbamazepine) and performed neurotoxicity evaluations of residual EO by-products in Wistar rat brain hippocampal slices. Platinum-coated titanium (Ti/Pt) and boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were studied as anodes. Different current densities (13-75 A m-2), pH values (3-10), electrolyte dosages (NaCl), and matrix effects were assessed using municipal wastewater (MWW). The drugs were successfully degraded after 5 min of reaction for both the Ti/Pt and BDD electrodes when a current density of 75 A m-2 was applied. For Ti/Pt and BDD, neutral and acidic pH demonstrated better CEC removal performance, respectively. Compound degradation using MWW achieved 40% removal after 120 min for Ti/Pt and ranged between 33 and 52% for the BDD anode. For Ti/Pt, neurotoxicity studies using MWW indicated a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals. However, when an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) medium was reapplied, the signal recovered and increased to a value above the baseline, indicating that cells recovered part of their normal activity but remained in a different condition. For the BDD anode, the treated MWW did not cause significant ROS production variations, suggesting that he EO was effective in eliminating the toxicity of the treated solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Bosio
- Chemical Engineering Program - COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil
- CIEPQPF - Research Centre of Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, P-3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, P-3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bianca Miguel de Souza-Chaves
- Chemical Engineering Program - COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil.
- CIEPQPF - Research Centre of Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, P-3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, P-3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 1480, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program - COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Márcia W C Dezotti
- Chemical Engineering Program - COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, PO Box 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | - Rosa M Quinta-Ferreira
- CIEPQPF - Research Centre of Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, P-3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Oliveira AG, Andrade JDL, Montanha MC, Ogawa CYL, de Souza Freitas TKF, Moraes JCG, Sato F, Lima SM, da Cunha Andrade LH, Hechenleitner AAW, Pineda EAG, de Oliveira DMF. Wastewater treatment using Mg-doped ZnO nano-semiconductors: A study of their potential use in environmental remediation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Bensalah N, Midassi S, Ahmad MI, Bedoui A. Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2020; 402:126279. [PMID: 32834760 PMCID: PMC7363609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.126279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the degradation of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) drug in aqueous solution by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes including electrochemical oxidation (EO) using boron doped diamond (BDD) and its combination with UV irradiation (photo-assisted electrochemical oxidation, PEO) and sonication (sono-assisted electrochemical oxidation, SEO) was investigated. EO using BDD anode achieved the complete depletion of HCQ from aqueous solutions in regardless of HCQ concentration, current density, and initial pH value. The decay of HCQ was more rapid than total organic carbon (TOC) indicating that the degradation of HCQ by EO using BDD anode involves successive steps leading to the formation of organic intermediates that end to mineralize. Furthermore, the results demonstrated the release chloride (Cl-) ions at the first stages of HCQ degradation. In addition, the organic nitrogen was converted mainly into NO3 - and NH4 + and small amounts of volatile nitrogen species (NH3 and NOx). Chromatography analysis confirmed the formation of 7-chloro-4-quinolinamine (CQLA), oxamic and oxalic acids as intermediates of HCQ degradation by EO using BDD anode. The combination of EO with UV irradiation or sonication enhances the kinetics and the efficacy of HCQ oxidation. PEO requires the lowest energy consumption (EC) of 63 kWh/m3 showing its cost-effectiveness. PEO has the potential to be an excellent alternative method for the treatment of wastewaters contaminated with HCQ drug and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Bensalah
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Sondos Midassi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Mohammad I Ahmad
- Central Laboratories Unit, Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
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23
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Saha P, Bruning H, Wagner TV, Rijnaarts HHM. Removal of organic compounds from cooling tower blowdown by electrochemical oxidation: Role of electrodes and operational parameters. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127491. [PMID: 32650167 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The reuse of cooling tower blowdown (CTBD) in the cooling tower itself requires CTBD deionization and a pre-treatment before deionization to remove organic compounds (OCs) that induce membrane fouling. This study assesses the potential of electrochemical oxidation (EO) with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) and a Ti/RuO2 mixed-metal oxide (MMO) anode for CTBD pre-treatment. Also, the influence of the applied current density (j), initial pH, hydrodynamic conditions, and supporting electrolyte on the process performance was evaluated. Results show that COD and TOC removal were 85 and 51%, respectively, with the BDD-anode; however, they were 50 and 12% with MMO-anode at a j-value of 8.7 mA cm-2 and neutral pH. An increased j-value increased the COD and TOC removal; however, different pHs, hydrodynamic conditions, and the addition of supporting electrolytes had a minor impact on the removal with both anodes. Liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection analysis showed that the OC in CTBD mainly consisted of humic substances (HS). EO with the BDD-anode resulted in 35% HS mineralization, while the rest of the HS were partially oxidized into low molecular weight compounds and building blocks. However, HS mineralization was limited with the MMO-anode. The mineralization and oxidation were accompanied by the formation of organic and inorganic chlorinated species. These species increased the toxicity to Vibrio fischeri 20-fold compared to the initially low-toxic CTBD. Thus, EO with a BDD-anode is a promising pre-treatment technology for the removal of OCs before CTBD deionization, but measures to minimize the chlorinated species formation are required before its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Saha
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Harry Bruning
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas V Wagner
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Huub H M Rijnaarts
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Shang H, Xia Y, Zhou Y, Liu G, Hu X. Removal of aniline from wastewater by electro-polymerization with superior energy efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:109931. [PMID: 32781323 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Removal of toxic aniline from wastewater is of great importance in industrial manufacture. Traditional electrochemical methods encounter obstacles such as high energy consumption in mineralization and severe electrode passivation in electro-polymerization. In this paper, we report a practical electro-polymerization method by using Ti/Sb-SnO2/PbO2 anode to treat high concentration aniline wastewater. The cyclic voltammetric experiment was conducted and the problem of electrode passivation was solved by increasing the electrode potential. In the experiments of treating aniline wastewater, the produced solid polymer can separate from water rather than sticking to electrode surface. Elemental analysis shows that oxygen is incorporated in the polymer. Experiments were conducted under different conditions, including current density, pH and initial concentration of aniline and Na2SO4. The electro-polymerization route accounts for nearly 50% contribution in the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Our electro-polymerization method gives an apparent current efficiency (ACE) of 232.15% and an energy consumption (Ep) of 0.008658 kWh g-1COD-1 when half of COD is removed at a current density of 15 mA cm-2, pH of 7.0, initial aniline concentration of 1.2 g L-1 and Na2SO4 concentration of 4 g L.-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shang
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yan Xia
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Yuanquan Zhou
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Source, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
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Efficient treatment of high-concentration sulfurous wastewater by using electrochemical oxidation process with Ti/SnO2–Sb anode and air cathode. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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26
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Removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from lead smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation–flocculation treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McQuillan RV, Stevens GW, Mumford KA. Electrochemical removal of naphthalene from contaminated waters using carbon electrodes, and viability for environmental deployment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121244. [PMID: 31563044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work assesses the potential of electrochemical technologies for the treatment of groundwaters contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. Specific consideration was given to deployment in Antarctic regions where numerous fuel spills have occurred over the last two centuries, and resources and manual labour for remediation efforts are limited. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene, was a used as a model contaminant and was treated with low-cost, active carbon electrodes to promote the active chlorine degradation pathway. Results showed that 20 mg/L naphthalene solutions could be treated to sufficient standards in less than 3 h of treatment, and that the formation of toxic and chlorinated by-products is not an issue of concern if the appropriate timeframes are used (4 h of treatment). The effects of the applied current (0-160 mA) and electrolyte concentration (0.01-0.1 M NaCl) were evaluated and a dynamic kinetic model proposed and found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The energy consumption is an important limitation in remote environmental regions where resources are scarce. It was found that an energy usage of 104 kW h/kg of naphthalene removed could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca V McQuillan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W Stevens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Mumford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Wang G, Liu Y, Ye J, Lin Z, Yang X. Electrochemical oxidation of methyl orange by a Magnéli phase Ti 4O 7 anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125084. [PMID: 31627111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, high quality Magnéli phase Ti4O7 bulks with electrical conductivity up to 961.5 S cm-1 were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and then served as electrode materials for electrochemical oxidation of azo dye methyl orange (MO). The influences of current density and initial dye concentration on the removal rates of MO and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were studied. Removal of MO and COD exhibited an increase with increasing current density and decreasing initial concentration of MO. Complete removal of MO was realized within a short time under all experimental conditions. The removal rate of COD reached 91.7% when current density was 10 mA cm-2 and initial dye concentration was 100 mg L-1. In addition, the electrochemical oxidation rate could be described through a pseudo-first-order kinetic constant k, and the obtained experimental results could be well fitted with a proposed kinetic model in all the examined conditions. Possible degradation mechanisms for electrochemical oxidation of MO by Ti4O7 electrode were proposed on the basis of intermediate products analysis. Tests were also conducted with other commercial electrodes for comparison, including commercial graphite, stainless-steel and dimension stable anode (DSA) electrodes. The results showed that Ti4O7 anode exhibited the fastest electrochemical oxidation rates than those of the other electrodes. This study provides a feasible method for realizing high efficiency of electrochemical oxidation degradation by Ti4O7 electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinwen Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
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Torres NH, Souza BS, Ferreira LFR, Lima ÁS, Dos Santos GN, Cavalcanti EB. Real textile effluents treatment using coagulation/flocculation followed by electrochemical oxidation process and ecotoxicological assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124309. [PMID: 31344620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As it is well known, the textile industry generates a large amount of wastewater with varied composition that need to be treated. In particular, the Sergipe state, in Brazil, is a region that requires attention due the presence of several local textile industries. In this study, the efficiency of electrochemical oxidation (EO) process applied in the samples of Brazilian textile industry effluents previously treated by physical-chemical process coagulation-flocculation (CF) was evaluated by the reduction in TOC parameter and by the ecotoxicity using Lactuca sativa and Raphidocelis subcapitata bioassays. The optimized experiments achieved for the CF ([Al2(SO4)3]0 = 1.5 mg L-1, pH = 6.0, alkalinity = 0.675 mg L-1, [flocculating agent] = 61 mg L-1, rapid mixing = 100 rpm for 1 min, slow stage = 20-60 rpm for 20 min) a reduction of 20% on TOC. The best results obtained for EO was using the DSA electrode (I = 300 mA) reaching a TOC removal efficiency of 82% after an electrolysis time of 180 min. The ecotoxicity experiments indicated that the proposed treatment (CF + EO, I = 300 mA) was effective to decrease the dissolved pollutants presented in the treated samples. In comparison with raw samples, the treatment achieved a reduction of 52% for IC5072h value using R. subcapitata as bioindicator, and a 98% reduction of LC50 (Lactuca sativa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Hortense Torres
- Graduate Program on Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Santos Souza
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/n, Jd. Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Graduate Program on Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Silva Lima
- Graduate Program on Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Nicolau Dos Santos
- Graduate Program on Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Eliane Bezerra Cavalcanti
- Graduate Program on Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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30
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Yao J, Pan B, Shen R, Yuan T, Wang J. Differential control of anode/cathode potentials of paired electrolysis for simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:198-205. [PMID: 31207510 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Paired electrolysis can take advantage of both anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction, and thus improve current efficiency for electrochemical wastewater treatment. In this work, differential control of anode/cathode potentials of paired electrolysis for simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN, including ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite) was studied. We first determined the optimal potentials for anodic oxidation of COD/NH4+ or cathodic reduction of NO3-/NO2- (minimization of over-oxidation or over-reduction) by preliminary cyclic voltammetry and constant-potential electrolysis experiments, i.e., 1.6 V for anodic oxidation and -1.26 V for cathodic reduction in this case. The optimal working potential of the cathode was achieved at appropriate current density in the paired electrolysis system, the working potential of the anode was independently controlled by adjusting the ratio of its surface area to that of the cathode. In this way, both the cathode and anode could work under optimal potentials. At an optimized cathodic current density of 5.0 mA cm-2 and cathode/anode surface area ratio of 2:1, the removal efficiencies of COD and TN from simulated wastewater reached 91.9% and 86.2%, respectively. Additionally, the developed paired electrolysis system was validated by treating an actual pharmaceutical wastewater, results for which showed that a total current efficiency of 84.8% was achieved, which was at least twice as high as that of traditional electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Yao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruxue Shen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China
| | - Tongbin Yuan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiade Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
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31
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Textile Wastewater Treatment by Peroxydisulfate/Fe(II)/UV: Operating Cost Evaluation and Phytotoxicity Studies. CHEMISTRY AFRICA-A JOURNAL OF THE TUNISIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-019-00094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Wang WL, Hu HY, Liu X, Shi HX, Zhou TH, Wang C, Huo ZY, Wu QY. Combination of catalytic ozonation by regenerated granular activated carbon (rGAC) and biological activated carbon in the advanced treatment of textile wastewater for reclamation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:369-377. [PMID: 31141739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater reclamation in the textile industry has attracted considerable attention. In this study, catalytic ozonation by regenerated granular activated carbon (rGAC) and its combination with biological activated carbon (BAC) was investigated for the reclamation of a real bio-treated dyeing and finishing wastewater (BDFW). Catalytic ozonation by rGAC (O3/rGAC) was 1.6-2.0 times more efficient than ozonation alone for pollutants degradation. Although iron oxide loaded rGAC (rGAC-Fe) improved the performance of catalytic ozonation by 14%-25%, but was labile (<2 days) compared to stable rGAC (>20 days). Catalytic ozonation improved the generation of •OH, contributing 1.1-1.7 times faster of chromophores decomposition and 0.24-0.55 times more increase of biodegradability than ozonation. However, catalytic ozonation increased the acute toxicity of BDFW by two times. The combination of O3/rGAC and BAC can synergistically reduce COD, chromophores, and color in BDFW during 45-day's continuous operation, the improvements than O3/rGAC being 21.0%, 18.8%, and 13.6%, respectively. Moreover, although O3/rGAC of BDFW increased the toxicity from 98.3 to 146.5 μg-HgCl2/L, post BAC significantly reduced the toxicity to 13.1 μg-HgCl2/L. Engineering practice of water reclamation by O3/rGAC-BAC was approved to be feasible based on both the water quality of treated water and the operation cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hui-Xiang Shi
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Huo
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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33
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The Degradation of Deoxynivalenol by Using Electrochemical Oxidation with Graphite Electrodes and the Toxicity Assessment of Degradation Products. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11080478. [PMID: 31430941 PMCID: PMC6723037 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11080478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin, which is known to be extremely harmful to human and livestock health. In this study, DON was degraded by electrochemical oxidation (ECO) using a graphite electrode and NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. The graphite electrode is advantageous due to its electrocatalytic activity, reusability, and security. The degradation process can be expressed by first-order kinetics. Approximately 86.4% of DON can be degraded within 30 min at a potential of 0.5 V. The degradation rate reached 93.2% within 30 min, when 0.5 V potential was used for electrocatalyzing a 10 mg/L DON solution. The degradation rate of DON in contaminated wet distiller's grain with solubles (WDGS) was 86.37% in 60 min. Moreover, results from the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining assay indicated that ECO reduced the DON-induced cytotoxicity and apoptotic bodies in a gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) compared to the DON-treated group. These findings provide new insights into the application of ECO techniques for degrading mycotoxins, preventing food contamination, and assessing DON-related hazards.
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Yao J, Mei Y, Xia G, Lu Y, Xu D, Sun N, Wang J, Chen J. Process Optimization of Electrochemical Oxidation of Ammonia to Nitrogen for Actual Dyeing Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2931. [PMID: 31443230 PMCID: PMC6720899 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate the potential environmental risks caused by nitrogen compounds from industrial wastewater, residual ammonia after conventional wastewater treatment should be further eliminated. In this work, an electrochemical oxidation process for converting ammonia to nitrogen in actual dyeing wastewater was investigated. The effects of the main operating parameters, including initial pH value, applied current density, NaCl concentration, and flow, were investigated on ammonia removal and products distribution. Experimental results indicated that, under optimal conditions of an initial pH value of 8.3, applied current density of 20 mA cm-2, NaCl concentration of 1.0 g L-1, and flow of 300 mL min-1, the ammonia could be completely removed with N2 selectivity of 88.3% in 60 min electrolysis. A kinetics investigation using a pseudo-first-order model provided a precise description of ammonia removal during the electro-oxidation process. Experimental functions for describing the relationships between kinetic constants of ammonia removal and main operating parameters were also discussed. Additionally, the mechanisms and economic evaluation of ammonia oxidation were conducted. All these results clearly proved that this electro-oxidation process could efficiently remove ammonia and achieve high N2 selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Yao
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yu Mei
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yin Lu
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Nabo Sun
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiade Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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35
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Sui X, Duan X, Xu F, Chang L. Fabrication of three-dimensional networked PbO2 anode for electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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36
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He Y, Lin H, Guo Z, Zhang W, Li H, Huang W. Recent developments and advances in boron-doped diamond electrodes for electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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37
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Clematis D, Abidi J, Cerisola G, Panizza M. Coupling a Boron Doped Diamond Anode with a Solid Polymer Electrolyte to Avoid the Addition of Supporting Electrolyte in Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Clematis
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Genoa Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa I
| | - Jihen Abidi
- Unité de recherche Toxicologie Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé Department Institution Faculté des SciencesUniversité de Sfax B.P. 1173 3038 Sfax Tunisie
| | - Giacomo Cerisola
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Genoa Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa I
| | - Marco Panizza
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Genoa Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa I
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Zhu C, Jiang C, Chen S, Mei R, Wang X, Cao J, Ma L, Zhou B, Wei Q, Ouyang G, Yu Z, Zhou K. Ultrasound enhanced electrochemical oxidation of Alizarin Red S on boron doped diamond(BDD) anode:Effect of degradation process parameters. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:685-695. [PMID: 29958164 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Textile wastewater is characterized by high toxicity, complex structure, and resistance to biodegradation. Therefore, advanced oxidation technologies have received extensive attention. However, it is usually difficult to achieve a desired degradation effect using a single technology. The combination of various advanced oxidation technologies is an important way to achieve efficient degradation of organic wastewater. The present investigation was focused on ultrasound enhanced electrochemical oxidation (US-EO) of typical anthracene Alizarin Red S dye on a boron doped diamond anode. Our work indicates that ultrasonic oxidation technology which is mainly based on cavitation, can produce strongly oxidizing active substances such as OH, HO2, O, and H2O2, that accelerate the destruction of the dye molecular structure and achieve dye decolorization and mineralization. The effects on cavitation and decomposition of ARS by the parameters that affect degradation, including solution temperature, initial pH, and electrolytes, were examined. Results show that low temperature was more conducive to ultrasonic cavitation in the US-EO process; the degradation efficiency rate of EO was higher than that of US-EO when the solution temperature was above 45 °C. Ultrasonic cavitation was significantly more efficient in acid than in alkaline conditions. Almost 100% color removal and 86.07% COD removal was achieved for 100 mg L-1 ARS concentration with a 0.05 M Na2SO4 electrolyte, temperature of 30 °C and pH of 4.97 after 3 h. GC-MS analysis showed that the intermediate products of ARS in the US-EO process were phthalic anhydride, PEAs and bisphenol A, which is eventually mineralized to CO2 and H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Chuqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Shou Chen
- Shenzhen 863 New Material and Technology Co., Ltd, BeautyStar Sci-tech Industrial Park, 2/F, Building 2, No.1001, Longgang Road, (Pingdi Section), Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518117, PR China
| | - Ruiqiong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shenzhen 863 New Material and Technology Co., Ltd, BeautyStar Sci-tech Industrial Park, 2/F, Building 2, No.1001, Longgang Road, (Pingdi Section), Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518117, PR China
| | - Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Qiuping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
| | - Guangqi Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Kechao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
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McQuillan RV, Stevens GW, Mumford KA. The electrochemical regeneration of granular activated carbons: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 355:34-49. [PMID: 29763799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical treatment of exhausted granular activated carbon (GAC) has been identified as an effective alternative to traditional adsorbent regeneration methods (e.g. thermal, chemical, and microbial). However, despite its proven potential and initial investigation over two decades ago, the development of this technology has been progressing slowly, hindering its deployment in industrial applications. Thus, a review has been conducted that aims to present the fundamentals of GAC electrochemical regenerative methods, what research has been conducted to develop the technology to the present day, and lastly, identify limitations and future prospects associated with electrochemical methods. The regenerative mechanism is firstly discussed, followed by a presentation of the varying reactor configurations and operating parameters utilized during the electrochemical treatment of GAC materials exhausted with a broad range of wastewater contaminants. Finally, emerging electrochemical technologies used for the commercial treatment of exhausted adsorbent materials and contaminated soils are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca V McQuillan
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W Stevens
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Mumford
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Wang J, Zhang T, Mei Y, Pan B. Treatment of reverse-osmosis concentrate of printing and dyeing wastewater by electro-oxidation process with controlled oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 201:621-626. [PMID: 29547852 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) of printing and dyeing wastewater remains as a daunting environmental issue, which is characterized by high salinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), chroma and low biodegradability. In this study electro-oxidation process (PbO2/Ti electrode) coupled with oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) online monitor was applied to treat such a ROC effluent. The results show that with the increase of specific electrical charge (Qsp), the removal efficiencies of COD, TN and chroma increased significantly at the incipience and then reached a gentle stage; the optimal total current efficiency (12.04 kWh m-3) was obtained with the current density of 10 mA cm-2 (Qsp, 3.0 Ah L-1). Meanwhile, some inorganic ions can be simultaneously removed to varying degrees. FTIR analyses indicated that the macromolecular organics were decomposed into smaller molecules. A multi-parameter linear relationship between ORP and Qsp, COD and Cl- concentration was established, which can quantitatively reflect the effect of current density, chloride ion concentration, pollutants and reaction time on the performance of the electro-oxidation system. As compared to a traditional constant-current system, the constant-ORP system developed in this study (through the back-propagation neural network [BPN] model with ORP monitoring) approximately reduced the energy cost by 24-29%. The present work is expected to provide a potential alternative in optimizing the electro-oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiade Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yu Mei
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Oliveira EMS, Silva FR, Morais CCO, Oliveira TMBF, Martínez-Huitle CA, Motheo AJ, Albuquerque CC, Castro SSL. Performance of (in)active anodic materials for the electrooxidation of phenolic wastewaters from cashew-nut processing industry. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 201:740-748. [PMID: 29547862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the anodic oxidation of phenolic wastewater generated by cashew-nut processing industry (CNPI) using active (Ti/RuO2-TiO2) and inactive (boron doped diamond, BDD) anodes. During electrochemical treatment, various operating parameters were investigated, such as current density, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phenols, O2 production, temperature, pH, as well as current efficiency and energy consumption. After electrolysis under optimized working conditions, samples were evaluated by chromatography and toxicological tests against L. sativa. When both electrode materials were compared under the same operating conditions, higher COD removal efficiency was achieved for BDD anode; achieving lower energy requirements when compared with the values estimated for Ti/RuO2-TiO2. The presence of Cl- in the wastewater promoted the electrogeneration of strong oxidant species as chlorine, hypochlorite and mainly hypochlorous acid, increasing the efficiency of degradation process. Regarding the temperature effect, BDD showed slower performances than those achieved for Ti/RuO2-TiO2. Chromatographic and phytotoxicity studies indicated formation of some by-products after electrolytic process, regardless of the anode evaluated, and phytotoxic action of the effluent. Results encourage the applicability of the electrochemical method as wastewater treatment process for the CNPI, reducing depuration time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna M S Oliveira
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Francisco R Silva
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Crislânia C O Morais
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mielle B F Oliveira
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil; Center of Science and Technology, Federal University of Cariri, Av. Tenente Raimundo Rocha, Cidade Universitária, 63048-080, Juazeiro do Norte - CE, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cynthia C Albuquerque
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Suely S L Castro
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil.
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Peng X, Yuan W, Zou J, Wang B, Hu W, Xiong Y. Nitrogen-incorporated ultrananocrystalline diamond/multilayer graphene composite carbon films: Synthesis and electrochemical performances. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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43
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Electrochemical degradation of spent tributyl phosphate extractant by a boron-doped diamond anode. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Electrochemical Oxidation of EDTA in Nuclear Wastewater Using Platinum Supported on Activated Carbon Fibers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070819. [PMID: 28754016 PMCID: PMC5551257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel Pt/ACF (Pt supported on activated carbon fibers) electrode was successfully prepared with impregnation and electrodeposition method. Characterization of the electrodes indicated that the Pt/ACF electrode had a larger effective area and more active sites. Electrochemical degradation of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) in aqueous solution with Pt/ACF electrodes was investigated. The results showed that the 3% Pt/ACF electrode had a better effect on EDTA removal. The operational parameters influencing the electrochemical degradation of EDTA with 3% Pt/ACF electrode were optimized and the optimal removal of EDTA and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 94% and 60% after 100 min on condition of the electrolyte concentration, initial concentration of EDTA, current density and initial value of pH were 0.1 mol/L, 300 mg/L, 40 mA/cm² and 5.0, respectively. The degradation intermediates of EDTA in electrochemical oxidation with 3% Pt/ACF electrode were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS).
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