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Zheng Z, Zhang K, Toe CY, Amal R, Deletic A. Photo-electrochemical oxidation flow system for stormwater herbicides removal: Operational conditions and energy consumption analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:166375. [PMID: 37598967 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical oxidation (PECO) is a promising advanced technology for treating micropollutants in stormwater. However, it is important to understand its operation prior to practical validation. In this study, we introduced a flow PECO system designed to evaluate its potential for full-scale applications in herbicides degradation, providing valuable insights for future large-scale implementations. The PECO flow reactor demonstrated the ability to treat a larger volume of stormwater (675 mL, approximately 10 times more than previous batch experiments) with effective removal rates of 92 % for diuron and 22 % for atrazine over 6 h of operation at 2 V. To address the large volume issue in stormwater treatment, a multiple module parallel application design is being considered to increase the treatment capacity of the PECO flow reactor. During the flow reactor operations, flow rate was found to have a notable impact on removal performance, particularly for diuron. At a flow rate of 610 mL min-1, approximately 90 % removal of diuron was achieved, while at 29 mL min-1, the removal efficiency decreased to 60 %. While light intensity had minimal effect on diuron degradation (all settings achieved over 90 % removal), it enhanced atrazine degradation from 9 % to 31 % with an increase in intensity from 63 mW cm-2 to 144 mW cm-2. Remarkably, the PECO flow system exhibited excellent removal performance (>90 % removal) for diuron even at extremely high initial pollutant concentrations (240 μg L-1), demonstrating its capacity to handle varying contaminant loads in stormwater. Energy consumption analysis revealed that flow rate as the primary factor influenced the specific energy consumption rate. Higher flow rate (e.g., 610 mL min-1) were preferable in flow reactor due to its well-balanced performance between removal and energy consumption. These findings confirm that the PECO flow system offers an efficient and promising approach for stormwater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhi Zheng
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cui Ying Toe
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ana Deletic
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland 4001, Australia
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2
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de Oliveira C, Renda CG, Moreira AJ, Pereira OAP, Pereira EC, Freschi GPG, Bertholdo R. Evaluation of a graphitic porous carbon modified with iron oxides for atrazine environmental remediation in water by adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115054. [PMID: 36521534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, the growth of world agricultural activity has significantly contributed to the increased presence of emerging pollutants such as atrazine (ATZ) in aquatic ecosystems. Due to its high stability to the natural or artificial degradation processes, the ATZ environmental remediation by adsorption has been investigated. In this study, a graphitic-porous-carbon- (GPC) based material with magnetic domains was applied to remove ATZ from aqueous solution. ATZ high adsorption efficiency in a reduced time was achieved in the presence of the GPC adsorbent, leading to a detailed investigation of the mechanisms involved in the adsorption processes. Pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), Ritchie, Elovich, and Weber-Morris models were applied to calculate the kinetic process efficiency. Likewise, adsorption isotherms based on Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Redlich-Peterson models were applied for a detailed understanding of the adsorption mechanisms. GPC was successfully applied for ATZ remediation in natural waters, confirming its high potential for treating natural waters contaminated by ATZ using adsorption process. The material can also be recovered and reused for up to 4 application cycles due to its magnetic properties, showing that in addition to ATZ adsorption efficiency, its sustainable use can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane de Oliveira
- Federal University of Alfenas, Poços de Caldas - MG Campus, Rod. José Aurelio Vilela, BR 267, Km 533, 11999, University City, Zip Code, 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil
| | - Carmem G Renda
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, Zip Code, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ailton J Moreira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, Zip Code, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Otávio A P Pereira
- Federal University of Alfenas, Poços de Caldas - MG Campus, Rod. José Aurelio Vilela, BR 267, Km 533, 11999, University City, Zip Code, 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil
| | - Ernesto C Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, Zip Code, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gian P G Freschi
- Federal University of Alfenas, Poços de Caldas - MG Campus, Rod. José Aurelio Vilela, BR 267, Km 533, 11999, University City, Zip Code, 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto Bertholdo
- Federal University of Alfenas, Poços de Caldas - MG Campus, Rod. José Aurelio Vilela, BR 267, Km 533, 11999, University City, Zip Code, 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil.
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3
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Brienza M, Garcia-Segura S. Electrochemical oxidation of fipronil pesticide is effective under environmental relevant concentrations. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135974. [PMID: 35988763 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide overuse has posed a threat to agricultural community as well as for the environment. In order to treat this pollution at its source, decentralized and selective technologies such as electrochemical processes appear especially relevant to avoid the possible generation of toxic degradation products. Electrochemical oxidation (ECO) is a promising electrochemically-driven process, but most studies evaluate performance under pollutant concentrations that are orders of magnitude higher than environmental relevant conditions. This work explores ECO treatment of fipronil using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode and titanium plate as cathode at small concentrations found in agricultural run-off. The effect of applied current density and initial contaminant concentrations were also studied. For a current density of 20 mA cm-2 the decrease of COD and fipronil were about 97% and 100% after 360 min of electrolysis, respectively. Engineering figures of merit were evaluated to assess competitiveness of ECO decentralized propositions. Results suggest effective and feasible treatment of fipronil by ECO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brienza
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy; National Science Foundation Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Sergi Garcia-Segura
- National Science Foundation Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA.
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4
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Santacruz W, Fiori I, de Mello R, Motheo AJ. Detection of radicals produced during electro-oxidation of atrazine using commercial DSA®-Cl 2 in methanol media: Keys to understand the process. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136157. [PMID: 36029853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the radicals detected and identified during the degradation of atrazine in methanol medium in the presence and absence of different proportions of water (0%, 5%, and 10%). The determination of these radicals is an important step to understand the electrolysis processes in methanol medium and contribute to clarify the degradation mechanism. Furthermore, the parameters for the successful removal of the contaminant were optimized and the results showed that the application of the technique led to the removal of nearly 99.8% of atrazine after 1 h of electrolysis. The oxidation kinetics was found to be very fast and most of the atrazine molecule in the medium was degraded in the first hour of electrolysis. The results obtained from a thorough analysis conducted with a view to evaluating the effects of different current densities and initial pH values on atrazine degradation showed that the application of higher current densities resulted in lower energy consumption, as this led to faster removal of atrazine. Additionally, the initial pH of the solution was found to favor the formation of different species of active chlorine. The radicals formed during the electro-oxidation process were detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and include hydroxyl, methoxy and hydroxymethyl. The use of methanol for the degradation of pollutants is a highly promising technique and this work shows that the identification of the different radicals formed in the process can be the key to understanding the degradation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Santacruz
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970. São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Fiori
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970. São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Mello
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970. São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970. São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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5
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Solar-assisted electrooxidation process for enhanced degradation of bisphenol A: Performance and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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6
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Niu B, Cai J, Song W, Zhao G. Intermediate accumulation and toxicity reduction during the selective photoelectrochemical process of atrazine in complex water bodies. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 205:117663. [PMID: 34555742 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Selective removal of atrazine (ATZ) in wastewater and clarification of the degradation intermediate-toxicity correlation are of great importance. A newly molecularly imprinted, {001} facets-exposed TiO2 (MI-TiO2,001) photoanode with strong catalytic and selective ability was designed. ATZ was selectively removed from pesticide wastewater, reaching 1.9 µg L-1, approximately 1/10 of the concentration achieved with nonselective treatment. This selective removal originated from the preferential adsorption and enrichment of ATZ onto MI-TiO2,001. The highly specific recognition relied on the halogen bond and strong hydrogen bond formed between the Cl atom and triazine ring π orbital of ATZ and the surface -OH group of MI-TiO2,001 as well as the recognition of MI-TiO2,001 to the shape and size of ATZ. The specific interaction leads to different accumulations of intermediates. The correlation of intermediate and toxicity was also discussed. Aquatic toxicity was rapidly reduced through the direct dealkylation path, and due to the accumulation of highly toxic 2‑hydroxy-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine, there will be transient fluctuations via the dechlorination-hydroxylation path first. The final product was identified as nearly nontoxic cyanuric acid, the selective accumulation of which indicated that there was almost 100% removal of aquatic toxicity and cytotoxicity with only 9.8% removal of total organic carbon. This work provides new insight into the correlation of pollutant degradation intermediates and changes in toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoling Niu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junzhuo Cai
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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7
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Divyapriya G, Singh S, Martínez-Huitle CA, Scaria J, Karim AV, Nidheesh PV. Treatment of real wastewater by photoelectrochemical methods: An overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130188. [PMID: 33743419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An inadequate and inefficient performance ability of conventional methods to remove persistent organic pollutants urges the need of alternative or complementary advanced wastewater treatments methods to ensure the safer reuse of reclaimed water. Photoelectrochemical methods are emerging as promising options among other advanced oxidation processes because of the higher treatment efficiency achieved due to the synergistic effects of combined photochemical and electrolysis reactions. Synergistic effects of integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes not only increase the hydroxyl radical production; an enhancement on the mineralization ability through various side reactions is also achieved. In this review, fundamental reaction mechanisms of different photoelectrochemical methods including photoelectrocatalysis, photo/solar electro-Fenton, photo anodic oxidation, photoelectroperoxone and photocatalytic fuel cell are discussed. Various integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes and their synergistic effects are elaborated. Different reactor configurations along with the positioning of electrodes, photocatalysts and light source of the individual/combined photoelectrochemical treatment systems are discussed. Modified photoanode and cathode materials used in the photoelectrochemical reactors and their performance ability is presented. Photoelectrochemical treatment of real wastewater such as landfill leachate, oil mill, pharmaceutical, textile, and tannery wastewater are reviewed. Hydrogen production efficiency in the photoelectrochemical process is further elaborated. Cost and energy involved in these processes are briefed, but the applicability of photocatalytic fuel cells to reduce the electrical dependence is also summarised. Finally, the use of photoelectrochemical approaches as an alternative for treating soil washing effluents is currently discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Divyapriya
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Omvati Devi Degree College, Bhalaswagaj, Haridwar, India
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Jaimy Scaria
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ansaf V Karim
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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8
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Bakaraki Turan N, Zaman BT, Chormey DS, Onkal Engin G, Bakırdere S. Atrazine: From Detection to Remediation – A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1937196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Bakaraki Turan
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Güleda Onkal Engin
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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9
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Goulart LA, Santos GOS, Eguiluz KIB, Salazar-Banda GR, Lanza MRV, Saez C, Rodrigo MA. Towards a higher photostability of ZnO photo-electrocatalysts in the degradation of organics by using MMO substrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129451. [PMID: 33450425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, it is proposed a novel strategy to increase the photostability of the ZnO photoelectrocatalyst under prolonged light irradiation, without the addition or deposition of metals and/or semiconductor oxides during their synthesis. This strategy is based on the use of a mixed metal oxide (MMO-Ru0.3Ti0.7O2) coating as the substrate for the electrodeposition of ZnO. To assess it, the electrodeposition of ZnO films on Ti and Ti/MMO substrates and the photoelectrocatalytic activity of these materials for the degradation of the herbicide clopyralid were studied. The results showed that the substrate directly influenced the photo-stability of the ZnO film. Under the incidence of UV light and polarization, the novel Ti/MMO/ZnO electrode showed greater photocurrent stability as compared to Ti/ZnO, which is a very important outcome because the behavior of these electrodes was similar when compared in terms of the degradation of clopyralid. Single electrolysis was not able to degrade efficiently clopyralid at the different potentials studied. However, the irradiation of UV light on the polarized surface of the Ti/ZnO and Ti/MMO/ZnO electrodes increased markedly the degradation rate of clopyralid. A synergistic effect was observed between light and electrode polarization, since the rate of degradation of clopyralid was twice as high in photoelectrocatalysis (PhEC) than in photocatalysis (PhC) and different intermediates were formed. From these results, mechanisms of degradation of clopyralid for the PhC and PhEC systems with the Ti/ZnO and Ti/MMO/ZnO electrodes were presented. Therefore, the Ti/MMO/ZnO electrode could be a cheap and simple alternative to be applied in the efficient photodegradation of organic pollutants, presenting the great advantage of having a facile synthesis and high capacity to work at relatively low potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena A Goulart
- Institute of Chemistry - São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP-13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Géssica O S Santos
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Katlin I B Eguiluz
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R Salazar-Banda
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Marcos R V Lanza
- Institute of Chemistry - São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP-13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Goulart LA, Moratalla A, Lanza MR, Saez C, Rodrigo MA. Photocatalytic performance of Ti/MMO/ZnO at degradation of levofloxacin: Effect of pH and chloride anions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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Low energy electrochemical oxidation efficiently oxidizes a common textile dye used in Thailand. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Techno-economic analysis to identify key innovations required for electrochemical oxidation as point-of-use treatment systems. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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13
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Dionisio D, Santos LH, Rodrigo MA, Motheo AJ. Electro-oxidation of methyl paraben on DSA®-Cl2: UV irradiation, mechanistic aspects and energy consumption. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Santos GOS, Eguiluz KIB, Salazar-Banda GR, Saez C, Rodrigo MA. Photoelectrolysis of clopyralid wastes with a novel laser-prepared MMO-RuO 2TiO 2 anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125455. [PMID: 31790985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the applicability of a novel laser-prepared mixed metal oxide (MMO-RuO2TiO2) anode in the photoelectrochemical degradation of clopyralid, a toxic and biorefractory herbicide. Results are compared to those obtained using the well-known boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and demonstrate that, although the electrolysis with diamond is more effective than that obtained with the new electrode, the irradiation of UVC light makes the novel MMO material more effective in chloride media. It was explained in terms of the homolysis of hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite to form chloride and hydroxyl radicals. Photoelectrochemical degradation with MMO produced a marked synergistic effect in TOC removal, especially in the presence of chloride ions. On the contrary, for the BDD anode, at the tested conditions, antagonisms were found in both sulfate and chloride media. These important synergisms allows finding conditions in which the novel anode can be competitive with the BDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica O S Santos
- Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LEN), Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Katlin I B Eguiluz
- Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LEN), Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R Salazar-Banda
- Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LEN), Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Cristina Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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15
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Delcorso MC, de Paiva PP, Grigoleto MRP, Queiroz SCN, Collares-Buzato CB, Arana S. Effects of sublethal and realistic concentrations of the commercial herbicide atrazine in Pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus): Long-term exposure and recovery assays. Vet World 2020; 13:147-159. [PMID: 32158165 PMCID: PMC7020127 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.147-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The commercial formulations of the herbicide atrazine (cATZ) are widely employed in Brazilian agriculture, and, as a consequence, ATZ has been found at levels above that established by law in the river basins in Brazil. Although the toxicity of ATZ in fish is well documented, there are few studies on the recovery capacity after cATZ exposure. This work aimed to evaluate, using several biomarkers, the toxic effects of long-term exposure to the sublethal (3.57 mg/L) and nonlethal realistic (3.00 µg/L) cATZ concentrations followed by a recovery assay, in fingerlings of a Brazilian teleost, the Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu). Materials and Methods: Pacu fingerlings were housed in glass tanks and divided into the following experimental groups (two tanks/group): Exposure control = EC, recovery control = RC, the sublethal groups exposed to 3.57 mg/L of cATZ, (sublethal exposure group = SLE and sublethal recovery group = SLR) and the nonlethal groups treated with 3.00 µg/L of cATZ (nonlethal exposure group = NLE and nonlethal recovery group = NLR). The exposure assay was semi-static with a duration of 30 days and the recovery assay (after cATZ withdrawal) lasted 14 days. Several biomarkers were evaluated in fingerlings from all groups: The swimming behavior, the body weight gain, the micronucleus formation and nuclear alterations in erythrocytes, and the hepatic and renal histopathology analyzed by qualitative and semi-quantitative morphological methods (using light and electron microscopy). Results: No significant difference in weight gain was observed among the groups after the exposure and recovery assays. The sublethal exposure induced impaired swimming movements, significant histopathological alterations, including necrosis in the liver and kidney, and a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei in erythrocytes. The nonlethal exposure induced only subtle histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. After recovery assay, no genotoxic alteration was noted in pacu exposed to sublethal concentration, while the cATZ-induced kidney damage was partially reversed but not the hepatic injury. Conclusion: cATZ exhibits long-term toxic effects on pacu, even at relatively low concentrations, affecting mainly the liver and the kidney, and the effects of sublethal concentration are only partially reversed after cATZ withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cruz Delcorso
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Pereira de Paiva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sônia C N Queiroz
- Laboratory of Residues and Contaminants, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Photo-electrocatalytic oxidation of atrazine using sputtured deposited TiO2: WN photoanodes under UV/visible light. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Scaling up Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors: A TiO2 Nanotube-Coated Disc Compound Reactor Effectively Degrades Acetaminophen. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11122522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple discs coated with hierarchically-organized TiO2 anatase nanotubes served as photoelectrodes in a novel annular photoelectrocatalytic reactor. Electrochemical characterization showed light irradiation enhanced the current response due to photogeneration of charge carriers. The pharmaceutical acetaminophen was used as a representative water micropollutant. The photoelectrocatalysis pseudo-first-order rate constant for acetaminophen was seven orders of magnitude greater than electrocatalytic treatment. Compared against photocatalysis alone, our photoelectrocatalytic reactor at <8 V reduced by two fold, the electric energy per order (EEO; kWh m−3 order−1 for 90% pollutant degradation). Applying a cell potential higher than 8 V detrimentally increased EEO. Acetaminophen was degraded across a range of initial concentrations, but absorbance at higher concentration diminished photon transport, resulting in higher EEO. Extended photoelectrocatalytic reactor operation degraded acetaminophen, which was accompanied by 53% mineralization based upon total organic carbon measurements. This proof of concept for our photoelectrocatalytic reactor demonstrated a strategy to increase photo-active surface area in annular reactors.
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18
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Wang HX, Zhu LN, Guo FQ. Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of atrazine by boron-fluorine co-doped TiO 2 nanotube arrays. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33847-33855. [PMID: 29936611 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, one of the most widespread herbicides in the world, is considered as an environmental estrogen and has potential carcinogenicity. In this study, atrazine was degraded on boron-fluorine co-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (B, F-TiO2 NTAs), which had similar morphology with the pristine TiO2 NTAs. The structure and morphology of TiO2 nanotube samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). It showed that the decoration of fluorine and boron made both the absorption in the visible region enhanced and the band edge absorption shifted. The efficiency of atrazine degradation by B, F-TiO2 NTAs through photoelectrocatalysis was investigated by current, solution pH, and electrolyte concentration, respectively. The atrazine removal rate reached 76% through photoelectrocatalytic reaction by B, F-TiO2 NTAs, which was 46% higher than that under the photocatalysis process. Moreover, the maximum degradation rate was achieved at pH of 6 in 0.01 M of Na2SO4 electrolyte solution under a current of 0.02 A and visible light for 2 h in the presence of B, F-TiO2 NTAs. These results showed that B, F-TiO2 NTAs exhibit remarkable photoelectrocatalytic activity in degradation of atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Xuan Wang
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Nan Zhu
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fu-Qiao Guo
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
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19
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de Sousa DDP, Pinto CF, Tonhela MA, Granato AC, Motheo ADJ, Lima ADF, Ferreira DC, Fernandes DM, Fornazari ALDT, Malpass GRP. Treatment of real dairy wastewater by electrolysis and photo-assisted electrolysis in presence of chlorides. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:961-969. [PMID: 31746803 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of electrolysis (EC/Cl2) and photo-assisted electrolysis (EC/UV/Cl2) methods, in the presence of chloride, for the abatement of real dairy waste from a producer in the Triangulo Mineiro region of Brazil, was evaluated. A complete 23 factorial design was performed for the variables time, pH and current. After determining the ideal pH, a Central Compound Design (CCD) was performed, where the applied current (533.42 mA) and treatment time (60.45 minutes) were maximized. The effluent was subsequently submitted to prolonged EC/Cl2 and EC/UV/Cl2 treatment in order to evaluate the behaviour of specific environmental parameters over time. The EC/UV/Cl2 method was more efficient than simple EC/Cl2 treatment. The EC/UV/Cl2 method resulted in a reduction of all environmental parameters investigated to levels within legal standards for effluent discharge. A relatively low cost of treatment is obtained with Energy per Order (EEO) values of 0.89 and 1.22 kWh m-3 order-1 for the EC/UV/Cl2 and EC/Cl2 treatments, respectively. The electrochemical production of free chlorine species followed by subsequent photolysis and production of radical species can convert a simple electrochemical process into an advanced oxidation process (AOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Domingos Pereira de Sousa
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Camila Ferreira Pinto
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Marquele Amorim Tonhela
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Ana Claudia Granato
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Artur de Jesus Motheo
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre de Faria Lima
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Deusmaque Carneiro Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - David Maikel Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Ana Luiza de Toledo Fornazari
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pontífica Universidad Católica de Chile. Faculdad de Química, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna, 4860 Santiago, Chile
| | - Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil E-mail:
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20
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The Role of Mediated Oxidation on the Electro-irradiated Treatment of Amoxicillin and Ampicillin Polluted Wastewater. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the electrolysis, photoelectrolysis and sonoelectrolysis with diamond electrodes of amoxicillin (AMX) and ampicillin (AMP) solutions were studied in the context of the search for technologies capable of removing antibiotics from liquid wastes. Single-irradiation processes (sonolysis and photolysis) were also evaluated for comparison. Results showed that AMX and AMP are completely degraded and mineralized by electrolysis in both chloride and sulfate media, although the efficiency is higher in the presence of chloride. The effect of the current density on mineralization efficiency is not relevant and this may be related to the role of mediated oxidation. Irradiation by ultraviolet light or ultrasound (US) waves does not produce a synergistic effect on the mineralization of AMX and AMP solutions. This indicates that the massive formation of radicals during the combined processes can favor their recombination to form stable and less reactive species.
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21
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Dionisio D, Motheo AJ, Sáez C, Canizares P, Rodrigo MA. Coupling Ultrasound to the Electro‐Oxidation of Methyl Paraben Synthetic Wastewater: Effect of Frequency and Supporting Electrolyte. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawany Dionisio
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences & TechnologiesUniversidad de Castilla – La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
- São Carlos Institute of ChemistryUniversity of São Paulo P.O. Box 780 CEP 13560–970 São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Artur J. Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of ChemistryUniversity of São Paulo P.O. Box 780 CEP 13560–970 São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Cristina Sáez
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences & TechnologiesUniversidad de Castilla – La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Pablo Canizares
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences & TechnologiesUniversidad de Castilla – La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Manuel A. Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Sciences & TechnologiesUniversidad de Castilla – La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
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22
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Removal of atrazine by photoelectrocatalytic process under sunlight using WN-codoped TiO2 photoanode. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-018-1253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Oliveira EMS, Silva FR, Morais CCO, Oliveira TMBF, Martínez-Huitle CA, Motheo AJ, Albuquerque CC, Castro SSL. Performance of (in)active anodic materials for the electrooxidation of phenolic wastewaters from cashew-nut processing industry. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 201:740-748. [PMID: 29547862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the anodic oxidation of phenolic wastewater generated by cashew-nut processing industry (CNPI) using active (Ti/RuO2-TiO2) and inactive (boron doped diamond, BDD) anodes. During electrochemical treatment, various operating parameters were investigated, such as current density, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phenols, O2 production, temperature, pH, as well as current efficiency and energy consumption. After electrolysis under optimized working conditions, samples were evaluated by chromatography and toxicological tests against L. sativa. When both electrode materials were compared under the same operating conditions, higher COD removal efficiency was achieved for BDD anode; achieving lower energy requirements when compared with the values estimated for Ti/RuO2-TiO2. The presence of Cl- in the wastewater promoted the electrogeneration of strong oxidant species as chlorine, hypochlorite and mainly hypochlorous acid, increasing the efficiency of degradation process. Regarding the temperature effect, BDD showed slower performances than those achieved for Ti/RuO2-TiO2. Chromatographic and phytotoxicity studies indicated formation of some by-products after electrolytic process, regardless of the anode evaluated, and phytotoxic action of the effluent. Results encourage the applicability of the electrochemical method as wastewater treatment process for the CNPI, reducing depuration time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna M S Oliveira
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Francisco R Silva
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Crislânia C O Morais
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mielle B F Oliveira
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil; Center of Science and Technology, Federal University of Cariri, Av. Tenente Raimundo Rocha, Cidade Universitária, 63048-080, Juazeiro do Norte - CE, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cynthia C Albuquerque
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil
| | - Suely S L Castro
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, 59625-620, Mossoro, RN, Brazil.
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24
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Martinazzo J, Muenchen DK, Brezolin AN, Cezaro AM, Rigo AA, Manzoli A, Hoehne L, Leite FL, Steffens J, Steffens C. Cantilever nanobiosensor using tyrosinase to detect atrazine in liquid medium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:229-236. [PMID: 29319411 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1421833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a cantilever nanobiosensor for atrazine detection in liquid medium by immobilising the biological recognition element (tyrosinase vegetal extract) on its surface with self-assembled monolayers using gold, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride/n-hydroxysuccinimide. Cantilever nanobiosensors presented a surface compression tension increase when atrazine concentrations were increased, with a limit of detection and limit of quantification of 7.754 ppb (parts per billion) and 22.792 ppb, respectively. From the voltage results obtained, the evaluation of atrazine contamination in river and drinking water were very close to those of the reference sample and ultrapure water, demonstrating the ability of the cantilever nanobiosensor to distinguish different water samples and different concentrations of atrazine. Cantilever nanosensor surface functionalization was characterised by combining polarisation modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy and indicating film thickness in nanometric scale (80.2 ± 0.4 nm). Thus, the cantilever nanobiosensor developed for this study using low cost tyrosinase vegetal extract was adequate for atrazine detection, a potential tool in the environmental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Martinazzo
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Daniela K Muenchen
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | | | - Alana M Cezaro
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Aline A Rigo
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Alexandra Manzoli
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Lucélia Hoehne
- b Department of Biotechnology , Univates , Lajeado , RS , Brazil
| | - Fábio L Leite
- c Department of Physics , Chemistry and Mathematics , Nanoneurobiophysics Research Group, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) , Sorocaba , SP , Brazil
| | - Juliana Steffens
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Clarice Steffens
- a Department of Food Engineering , URI - Erechim Campus , Erechim , RS , Brazil
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25
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Jing L, Chen B, Wen D, Zheng J, Zhang B. The removal of COD and NH 3-N from atrazine production wastewater treatment using UV/O 3: experimental investigation and kinetic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:2691-2701. [PMID: 29134527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a UV/O3 hybrid advanced oxidation system was used to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and atrazine (ATZ) from ATZ production wastewater. The removal of COD and NH3-N, under different UV and O3 conditions, was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics with rate constants ranging from 0.0001-0.0048 and 0.0015-0.0056 min-1, respectively. The removal efficiency of ATZ was over 95% after 180 min treatment, regardless the level of UV power. A kinetic model was further proposed to simulate the removal processes and to quantify the individual roles and contributions of photolysis, direct O3 oxidation, and hydroxyl radical (OH·) induced oxidation. The experimental and kinetic modeling results agreed reasonably well with deviations of 12.2 and 13.1% for the removal of COD and NH3-N, respectively. Photolysis contributed appreciably to the degradation of ATZ, while OH· played a dominant role for the removal of both COD and NH3-N, especially in alkaline environments. This study provides insights into the treatment of ATZ containing wastewater using UV/O3 and broadens the knowledge of kinetics of ozone-based advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jing
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada.
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Diya Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
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26
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Gupta VK, Fakhri A, Azad M, Agarwal S. Synthesis of CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO 2 nanotubes as anode for photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of hydrochlorothiazide: Kinetic process. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:575-582. [PMID: 28869914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues have been increasingly detected in the aquatic environment and are considered important contaminants of emerging concern. This study examines the photo assisted electrochemical degradation of the Hydrochlorothiazide by using CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO2 nanotubes. The characteristic devices such as Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance Transmission electron Microscopy were used to analyze information structure of CdSe QDs/SnO2 nanotubes. All the experiments were perform with influence of the current density (10-60mAcm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10molL-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the Hydrochlorothiazide and TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques verified that the combined process showed a synergism for HCT and TOC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Ali Fakhri
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Azad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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27
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Jing L, Chen B, Wen D, Zheng J, Zhang B. Pilot-scale treatment of atrazine production wastewater by UV/O 3/ultrasound: Factor effects and system optimization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:182-190. [PMID: 28783014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study shed light on removing atrazine from pesticide production wastewater using a pilot-scale UV/O3/ultrasound flow-through system. A significant quadratic polynomial prediction model with an adjusted R2 of 0.90 was obtained from central composite design with response surface methodology. The optimal atrazine removal rate (97.68%) was obtained at the conditions of 75 W UV power, 10.75 g h-1 O3 flow rate and 142.5 W ultrasound power. A Monte Carlo simulation aided artificial neural networks model was further developed to quantify the importance of O3 flow rate (40%), UV power (30%) and ultrasound power (30%). Their individual and interaction effects were also discussed in terms of reaction kinetics. UV and ultrasound could both enhance the decomposition of O3 and promote hydroxyl radical (OH·) formation. Nonetheless, the dose of O3 was the dominant factor and must be optimized because excess O3 can react with OH·, thereby reducing the rate of atrazine degradation. The presence of other organic compounds in the background matrix appreciably inhibited the degradation of atrazine, while the effects of Cl-, CO32- and HCO3- were comparatively negligible. It was concluded that the optimization of system performance using response surface methodology and neural networks would be beneficial for scaling up the treatment by UV/O3/ultrasound at industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jing
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada; Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Diya Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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28
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Komtchou S, Dirany A, Drogui P, Robert D, Lafrance P. Removal of atrazine and its by-products from water using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 125:91-103. [PMID: 28837868 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is one of the most common pesticides detected in surface water in Quebec (Canada). The present study was mainly focused on the degradation of ATZ and its by-products using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes such as photo-electro-Fenton (PEF), electro-Fenton (EF) and anodic-oxidation with simultaneous H2O2 formation (AO - H2O2). The comparison of these processes showed that PEF process was found to be the most effective process in removing ATZ and its by-products from both synthetic solution (ATZ0 = 100 μg L-1) and real agricultural surface water enriched with ATZ (ATZ0 = 10 μg L-1). Different operating parameters, including wavelength of the light, pH, current density and the presence of natural organic matter (humic acids) were investigated for PEF process using boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and graphite cathode. The current density and the wavelength of the light were the most important parameters in the ATZ degradation efficiency. The best operating conditions were recorded for the synthetic samples at a current density of 18.2 mA cm-2, a pH of 3.0 and treatment time of 45 min. Results showed that atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl (DEDIA) was the most important by-product recorded. More than 99% of ATZ oxidation was recorded after 15 min of treatment and all the concentrations of major by-products were less than the limit of detection after 45 min of treatment. The PEF process was also tested for real surface water contaminated by ATZ: i) with and without addition of iron; ii) without pH adjustment (pH ∼ 6.7) and with pH adjustment (pH ∼ 3.1). In spite of the presence of radical scavenger and iron complexation the PEF process was more effective to remove ATZ from real surface water when the pH value was adjusted near to 3.0. The ATZ removal was 96.0% with 0.01 mM of iron (kapp = 0.13 min-1) and 100% with 0.1 mM of iron (kapp = 0.17 min-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Komtchou
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Ahmad Dirany
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Patrick Drogui
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Didier Robert
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Énergie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, rue Victor Demange, 57500, Saint-Avold, France.
| | - Pierre Lafrance
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
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29
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Hussain S, Steter JR, Gul S, Motheo AJ. Photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of sulfamethoxazole using a Ti/Ru 0.3Ti 0.7O 2 anode: Mechanistic and kinetic features of the process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 201:153-162. [PMID: 28654803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the photo-assisted electrochemical degradation and mineralization of the antibiotic contaminant sulfamethoxazole (SMX). All the experiments were perform using a flow electrolytic cell, in which the influence of the current density (10-60 mA cm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10 mol L-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the total SMX and 50% TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior and the rate constant increased from 0.05 min-1 to 0.50 min-1 as the current density raised from 10 to 60 mA cm-1. In addition, the values of the electrical energy per order (EEO) increased from 0.67 to 1.06 kW/hm-3 order-1 as the current density increased from 10 to 60 mAcm-2 and drop from 8.82 to 0.57 kW/hm-3 order-1 at supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.02-0.1 mol L-1. The reaction intermediates identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed proposing a mechanism for the degradation. The use of photo assistance in the electrochemical process involved simultaneous reactions, for example, aromatic ring substitutions and hydroxylation. These reactions led to aromatic rings opening that generated simpler organic molecules, making possible the mineralization of the SMX molecule. Probable degradation pathways were proposed and discussed. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques revealed that the combined process showed a synergism for TOC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Hussain
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, KPK, 23460, Pakistan
| | - Juliana R Steter
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Saima Gul
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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