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Karwadiya J, Lützenkirchen J, Darbha GK. Retention of ZnO nanoparticles onto polypropylene and polystyrene microplastics: Aging-associated interactions and the role of aqueous chemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:124097. [PMID: 38703985 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive and undergo environmental aging processes, which alters potential interaction with the co-contaminants. Hence, to assess their contaminant-carrying capacity, mimicking the weathering characteristics of secondary MPs is crucial. To this end, the present study investigated the interaction of Zinc oxide (nZnO) nanoparticles with non-irradiated (NI) and UV-irradiated (UI) forms of the most abundant MPs, such as polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), in aqueous environments. SEM images revealed mechanical abrasions on the surfaces of NI-MPs and their subsequent photoaging caused the formation of close-ended and open-ended cracks in UI-PP and UI-PS, respectively. Batch-sorption experiments elucidated nZnO uptake kinetics by PP and PS MPs, suggesting a sorption-desorption pathway due to weaker and stronger sorption sites until equilibrium was achieved. UI-PP showed higher nZnO (∼3000 mg/kg) uptake compared to NI-PP, while UI-PS showed similar or slightly decreased nZnO (∼2000 mg/kg) uptake compared to NI-PS. FTIR spectra and zeta potential measurements revealed electrostatic interaction as the dominant interaction mechanism. Higher nZnO uptake by MPs was noted between pH 6.5 and 8.5, whereas it decreased beyond this range. Despite DOM, MPs always retained ∼874 mg/kg nZnO irrespective of MPs type and extent of aging. The experimental results in river water showed higher nZnO uptake on MPs compared to DI water, attributed to mutual effect of ionic competition, DOM, and MP hydrophobicity. In the case of humic acids, complex synthetic and natural water matrices, NI-MPs retained more nZnO than UI-MPs, suggesting that photoaged MPs sorb less nZnO under environmental conditions than non-photoaged MPs. These findings enhance our understanding on interaction of the MPs with co-contaminants in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Karwadiya
- Environmental nanoscience laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Johannes Lützenkirchen
- Institute of Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gopala Krishna Darbha
- Environmental nanoscience laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India; Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
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2
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Rana S, Kumar A. Effect of long-term exposure of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles on Scenedesmus obliquus. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1233-1246. [PMID: 38040998 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the possible toxic effect of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on freshwater microalgae, Scenedesmus obliquus at environmentally- relevant nanoparticle concentration (1 mg/L) and high concentration (10 mg/L) in BG-11 medium under white light LED-illumination over 35 days. The effect of time on the stability of media, nanoparticles, and their relation to toxicity to algae was also studied. The transmission electron microscopy indicated structural damage to algae due to the presence of a mixture of nanoparticles (at 10 mg/L). FTIR (Fourier Transform infrared) analysis of a sample containing a mixture of nanoparticles showed an addition of bonds and a difference in the peak location and its intensity values. The inhibition time for biomass was observed between 14 days and 21 days at 10 mg/L NPs. At 1 mg/L, the order of toxicity of NPs to algae was found to be: CuO NPs (highest toxicity) > ZnO NPs>ZnO + CuO NPs (least toxicity). During exposure of algae cells to a mixture of NPs at 10 mg/L NP concentration, a smaller value of metal deposition was observed than that during exposure to individual NPs. Antagonistic toxic effects of two NPs on dry cell weight of algae was observed at both concentration levels. Future work is needed to understand the steps involved in toxicity due to mixture of NPs to algae so that environmental exposures of algae to NPs can be managed and minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Rana
- Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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3
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Wu J, Sun J, Bosker T, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM. Toxicokinetics and Particle Number-Based Trophic Transfer of a Metallic Nanoparticle Mixture in a Terrestrial Food Chain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2792-2803. [PMID: 36747472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we investigated to which extent metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) affect the trophic transfer of other coexisting MNPs from lettuce to terrestrial snails and the associated tissue-specific distribution using toxicokinetic (TK) modeling and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. During a period of 22 days, snails were fed with lettuce leaves that were root exposed to AgNO3 (0.05 mg/L), AgNPs (0.75 mg/L), TiO2NPs (200 mg/L), and a mixture of AgNPs and TiO2NPs (equivalent doses as for single NPs). The uptake rate constants (ku) were 0.08 and 0.11 kg leaves/kg snail/d for Ag and 1.63 and 1.79 kg leaves/kg snail/d for Ti in snails fed with NPs single- and mixture-exposed lettuce, respectively. The elimination rate constants (ke) of Ag in snails exposed to single AgNPs and mixed AgNPs were comparable to the corresponding ku, while the ke for Ti were lower than the corresponding ku. As a result, single TiO2NP treatments as well as exposure to mixtures containing TiO2NPs induced significant biomagnification from lettuce to snails with kinetic trophic transfer factors (TTFk) of 7.99 and 6.46. The TTFk of Ag in the single AgNPs treatment (1.15 kg leaves/kg snail) was significantly greater than the TTFk in the mixture treatment (0.85 kg leaves/kg snail), while the fraction of Ag remaining in the body of snails after AgNPs exposure (36%) was lower than the Ag fraction remaining after mixture exposure (50%). These results indicated that the presence of TiO2NPs inhibited the trophic transfer of AgNPs from lettuce to snails but enhanced the retention of AgNPs in snails. Biomagnification of AgNPs from lettuce to snails was observed in an AgNPs single treatment using AgNPs number as the dose metric, which was reflected by the particle number-based TTFs of AgNPs in snails (1.67, i.e., higher than 1). The size distribution of AgNPs was shifted across the lettuce-snail food chain. By making use of particle-specific measurements and fitting TK processes, this research provides important implications for potential risks associated with the trophic transfer of MNP mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RALeiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jianqiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014Hangzhou, China
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RALeiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University College, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EEThe Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RALeiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RALeiden, The Netherlands
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BABilthoven, The Netherlands
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Bathi JR, Roy S, Tareq S, Potts GE, Palchoudhury S, Sweck SO, Gadhamshetty V. Dispersion and Aggregation Fate of Individual and Co-Existing Metal Nanoparticles under Environmental Aqueous Suspension Conditions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6733. [PMID: 36234074 PMCID: PMC9572943 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of diverse metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in a wide range of commercial products has led to their co-existence in the aqueous environment. The current study explores the dispersion and aggregation fate of five prominent MNPs (silver, copper, iron, nickel, and titanium), in both their individual and co-existing forms. We address a knowledge gap regarding their environmental fate under turbulent condition akin to flowing rivers. We present tandem analytical techniques based on dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy for discerning their dispersion behavior under residence times of turbulence, ranging from 0.25 to 4 h. The MNPs displayed a multimodal trend for dispersion and aggregation behavior with suspension time in aqueous samples. The extent of dispersion was variable and depended upon intrinsic properties of MNPs. However, the co-existing MNPs displayed a dominant hetero-aggregation effect, independent of the residence times. Further research with use of real-world environmental samples can provide additional insights on the effects of sample chemistry on MNPs fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jejal Reddy Bathi
- Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Shuvashish Roy
- Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Syed Tareq
- Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Gretchen E. Potts
- Chemistry and Physics, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Soubantika Palchoudhury
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, 300 College Park Ave, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Samantha O. Sweck
- Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Venkataramana Gadhamshetty
- Civil, and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
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Dai H, Han T, Cui J, Li X, Abbasi HN, Wang X, Guo Z, Chen Y. Stability, aggregation, and sedimentation behaviors of typical nano metal oxide particles in aqueous environment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115217. [PMID: 35561494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of nano metal oxide particles (NMOPs) brings about their inevitable release into the water environment, affecting the environment and human health. Therefore, the stability, aggregation, and sedimentation process of four typical NMOPs (ZnO NPs, CeO2 NPs, TiO2 NPs, and CuO NPs) were investigated in artificial water and real municipal sewage to reveal their complicated behavior. Results showed that NMOPs aggregated at the pH of zero-charge point, and their hydrodynamic diameters and aggregation rates could reach the maximum values. The hydrodynamic diameters and aggregation rates of ZnO NPs, CeO2 NPs, TiO2 NPs, and CuO NPs at the zero-charge point were 617, 1760, 870, 1502 nm, and 31.7, 1158.1, 48.3, 115.7 nm/min, respectively. In addition, the dissolution of NMOPs led to the sedimentation rates under acidic conditions being much lower than those under neutral and alkaline conditions. The aggregation and sedimentation performance of NMOPs were affected by not only pH but also ionic strength (IS) and species. The aggregation rates of NMOPs increased with the increase of IS (0-10 mM), and the maximum aggregation rate of CeO2 NPs was 470.1 nm/min (pH = 7 and CaCl2 = 10 mM). According to Coulomb's law, divalent cations (Mg2+, Ca2+) were more competitively adsorbed on the surface of NMOPs than monovalent cations (K+, Na+), which increased the zeta potential and aggregation rate of NMOPs. Furthermore, the NMOPs were easier to aggregate in municipal sewage because of the homogeneous aggregation between nanoparticles and heterogeneous aggregation with natural colloids. The total interaction energy between NMOPs was calculated by the classical Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theoretical formula, which was consistent with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China; School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ting Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Junting Cui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- School Energy & Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haq Nawaz Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Science, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Xingang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Zechong Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China; School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Nanomaterial conjugated lignocellulosic waste: cost-effective production of sustainable bioenergy using enzymes. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:480. [PMID: 34790504 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for novel and renewable sources of energy has increased as a result of rapid population growth, limited sources of bioenergy, and environmental pollution, caused by excessive use of fossil fuels. The need to meet future energy demands have motivated researchers to search for alternative and sustainable sources of energy. The bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste (agricultural and food waste) into biofuels shows competitive promises. Lignocellulosic waste is easily accessible and has a large enzyme system that can be immobilised onto nano-matrices. Consequently, resulting in higher biofuel production and process efficiency. However, the excessive production cost of the current procedures, which involve physical, chemical, and enzymatic reactions, is limited. The use of nanomaterials has recently been shown to concentrate lignocellulosic waste, therefore, reviewing the quest for efficient production of sustainable and cost-effective development of bioenergy from lignocellulosic wastes. This review paper explores the advanced strategies of using nanobiotechnology to combine enzyme-conjugated nanosystems for the cost-effective production of sustainable bioenergy solutions. This research will help to develop an inexpensive, eco-friendly technology for biofuels production and also help overcome the environmental burden of lignocellulosic waste worldwide.
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Effect of seawater acidification and plasticizer (Bisphenol-A) on aggregation of nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111498. [PMID: 34139225 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of an organic pollutant (Bisphenol- A, an endocrine-disrupting chemical) on the stability of a mixture of nanoparticles (NPs). Experiments were conducted in seawater chemistry condition with TiO2/ZnO NP concentration ratio: 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10,100; pH: 7.4 and 8.1; BPA concentration: 1 and 10 μg/L. The presence of BPA was found to increase the size of NP. Lower pH of 7.4 increased size of NPs from 3 to 297% (at 1 μg/L BPA; NP ratio = 0.1 to 100). Aggregation rate constant values ranged between 0.17 and 1.81 nm/s in pH 7.4 suspension and between 0.48 and 56 nm/s in pH 8.1 suspension. Factors, such as pH and NP mass concentration had major effects on size change for suspension having the same ratio of TiO2/ZnO. NP aggregate was comprised of 97% ZnO NP, 3% TiO2 NP and had 1.39 mg/kg BPA. Overall, this study found dominance of van der Waals forces of attraction in mixture suspension of NPs and BPA. The obtained result on NP persistence in seawater can now be used in estimating exposure doses of a mixture of nanoparticles during inadvertent exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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8
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Lehutso RF, Thwala M. Assessment of Nanopollution from Commercial Products in Water Environments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2537. [PMID: 34684978 PMCID: PMC8539925 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of nano-enabled products (NEPs) can release engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into water resources, and the increasing commercialisation of NEPs raises the environmental exposure potential. The current study investigated the release of ENMs and their characteristics from six commercial products (sunscreens, body creams, sanitiser, and socks) containing nTiO2, nAg, and nZnO. ENMs were released in aqueous media from all investigated NEPs and were associated with ions (Ag+ and Zn2+) and coating agents (Si and Al). NEPs generally released elongated (7-9 × 66-70 nm) and angular (21-80 × 25-79 nm) nTiO2, near-spherical (12-49 nm) and angular nAg (21-76 × 29-77 nm), and angular nZnO (32-36 × 32-40 nm). NEPs released varying ENMs' total concentrations (ca 0.4-95%) of total Ti, Ag, Ag+, Zn, and Zn2+ relative to the initial amount of ENMs added in NEPs, influenced by the nature of the product and recipient water quality. The findings confirmed the use of the examined NEPs as sources of nanopollution in water resources, and the physicochemical properties of the nanopollutants were determined. Exposure assessment data from real-life sources are highly valuable for enriching the robust environmental risk assessment of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisibe Florence Lehutso
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Melusi Thwala
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Environmental Health, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6019, South Africa
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South Africa
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9
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Wang X, Han T, Sun Y, Geng H, Li B, Dai H. Effects of nano metal oxide particles on activated sludge system: Stress and performance recovery mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117408. [PMID: 34049134 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nano metal oxide particles (NMOPs) are widely used in daily life because of their superior performance, and inevitably enter the sewage treatment system. Pollutants in sewage are adsorbed and degraded in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) depending on the microbial aggregates of activated sludge system to achieve sewage purification. NMOPs may cause ecotoxicity to the microbial community and metabolism due to their complex chemical behavior, resulting in a potential threat to the safe and steady operation of activated sludge system. It is of great significance to clarify the influencing mechanism of NMOPs on activated sludge system and reduce the risk of WWTPs. Herein, we first introduce the physicochemical behavior of six typical engineering NMOPs including ZnO, TiO2, CuO, CeO2, MgO, and MnO2 in water environment, then highlight the principal mechanisms of NMOPs for activated sludge system. In particular, the performance recovery mechanisms of activated sludge systems in the presence of NMOPs and their future development trends are well documented and discussed extensively. This review can provide a theoretical guidance and technical support for predicting and evaluating the potential threat of NMOPs on activated sludge systems, and promoting the establishment of effective control strategies and performance recovery measures of biological wastewater treatment process under the stress of NMOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China.
| | - Ting Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China.
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China.
| | - Hongya Geng
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Bing Li
- Jiangsu Zhongchuang Qingyuan Technology Co., Ltd., Yancheng, 224000, China.
| | - Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China; School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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10
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Setting guidelines for co-occurring nanoparticles in water medium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145175. [PMID: 33647666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a framework termed as "mixNanohealthrisk" hereafter, for the first time as per literature review, to provide exposure limit or reference dose for co-occurring nanoparticles (NPs) in water for different regions of the world. The effect of interaction of NPs on (i) NP occurrence in environment and (ii) toxic effects were incorporated for estimating NP exposure dose and associated risks (in terms of risk quotient (RQ) and hazard index (HI). Reference dose (RfD) values for SiO2, CeO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CNT, C60, ZnO and CuO NPs were calculated for the first time in this study based on toxicity studies. RfD values for top three risk-posing nanoparticles when co-occurring together were found to be 0.1 mg/kg/d (CuO), 0.12 mg/kg/d (ZnO) and 0.19 mg/kg/d (TiO2). Calculated maximum allowable concentration values for these nanoparticles were found to be 70.8, 84.4 and 136 mg/L for CuO, ZnO and TiO2 NPs. Exposures to nanoparticles aggregate (ZnO NP + CuO NP) in mixture suspension was found to have allowable ZnO and CuO concentration values of 24.7 mg/L and 175.2 mg/L respectively when present as aggregate. Top three regions identified with highest risk quotient were found to be USA followed by Switzerland and whole of Europe. During use of NP-interaction data for estimating risks, Ag, TiO2 and CuO NPs were found to have lowest maximum allowable concentration values. The identified top three risk-posing NPs can be used for conducting toxicity studies for mixture of NPs and long-term monitoring so that it can be used for setting up guideline concentration values for NPs in mixture for water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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11
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Meng Q, Jin L, Cheng L, Fang J, Lin D. Release and sedimentation behaviors of biochar colloids in soil solutions. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 100:269-278. [PMID: 33279039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The release of biochar colloids considerably affects the stability of biochar in environment. Currently, information on the release behavior and suspension stability of biochar colloids in real soil solutions is scarce. In this study, 20 soils were collected from different districts in China and the release behavior of biochar colloids and their suspension stability in soil solutions were systematically examined. The results showed that both pyrolysis temperature and biomass source had important effects on the formation of biochar colloids in soil solutions. The formation amount of biochar colloids from low pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C) (average amount of 9.33-16.41 mg/g) were significantly higher than those from high pyrolysis temperatures (700 °C) (average amount of less than 2 mg/g). The formation amount of wheat straw-derived biochar colloids were higher than those of rice straw-derived biochar colloids probably due to the higher O/C ratio in wheat-straw biochar. Further, biochar colloidal formation amount was negatively correlated with comprehensive effect of dissolved organic carbon, Fe and Al in soil solutions. The sedimentation curve of biochar colloids in soil solutions is well described by an exponential model and demonstrated high suspension stability. Around 40% of the biochar colloids were maintained in the suspension at the final sedimentation equilibrium. The settling efficiency of biochar colloids was positively correlated with comprehensive effect of the ionic strength and K, Ca, Na, and Mg contents in soil solutions. Our findings help promote a deeper understanding of biochar loss and stability in the soil-water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Leilei Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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12
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Weight-of-evidence process for assessing human health risk of mixture of metal oxide nanoparticles and corresponding ions in aquatic matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128289. [PMID: 33297232 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a framework to estimate health risks due to exposure of mixture of nanoparticles (NPs) from surface water, for the first time, as per authors' best knowledge. The framework consisted of hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response assessment, risk characterization and risk management steps. Concentrations of mixture of NPs and associated ions were compiled and range of values were used for exposure estimation. The resulting concentrations of nanoparticle and metal ions in simulated digestive fluid were calculated and used to estimate exposure dose to digestive system organs during a hypothetical exposure of water during recreational activity. Exposure doses of different possible combinations of ZnO NP, CuO NP, Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions were considered. The ECHA weight-of- evidence framework was used for formulating hypotheses and collecting evidence for determining reference dose (RfD) and interaction parameter for estimating hazard interaction value (an index for risk) as per the USEPA modified weight-of-evidence method for estimating risks of binary NPs and ions. RfD values of CuO (0.0262 mg/kg/d) and ZnO NP (0.0315 mg/kg/d) were derived using information from rat-based oral toxicity studies and assumed values of uncertainty factors. The results showed that mixture of NPs under environmentally-relevant conditions do not pose any health risk. The uncertainty analysis indicated that ZnO + CuO + Zn + Cu ion suspension posed the highest risk. The switchover analysis indicated that NP concentration >0.207 mg/L resulted in risk estimate greater than 1 and pose risk. Although risk estimate was found to be smaller than 1 under the studied natural water condition, efforts should be made to continue monitoring mixture of NPs as a precautionary approach. More efforts are required to obtain data on (i)toxicity of mixture of NPs, (ii)their interaction effects, (iii)fractions of NPs reaching target organ in order to accurately predict risk. Potential benefit of this framework is in its usage for development of structure for estimating exposure risks due to mixture of NPs and ions from surface water. This can also be used to adopt methodology for gathering information on evidence required in different steps of risk assessment process, like obtaining RfD/uncertainty factor -related parameters in dose-response assessment step, deriving interaction and mixture toxicity-related parameters in risk estimation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Ma J, Jing Y, Gao L, Chen J, Wang Z, Weng L, Li H, Chen Y, Li Y. Hetero-aggregation of goethite and ferrihydrite nanoparticles controlled by goethite nanoparticles with elongated morphology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141536. [PMID: 32798881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The dispersities of goethite nanoparticles (GTNPs) and ferrihydrite nanoparticles (FHNPs) affect the transport and retention of nanoparticle-associated contaminants. However, the effects of interaction on nanoparticle stability under varying environmental conditions have not been previously investigated. This study utilized settling experiments, a semi-empirical model, and the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory to study the homo-aggregation and hetero-aggregation of GTNPs and FHNPs. The pure system of GTNPs tended to aggregate more easily than that of FHNPs, especially under the conditions of high pH (7.0-9.0), high ionic strength (IS, 10 mM), and low concentrations of humic acid (HA) (2 mg L-1). This aggregation was attributed to the elongated morphology of GTNPs, which contributed to surface heterogeneity. The GTNPs and FHNPs mixtures rapidly coagulated, particularly under the surface-charge disequilibrium caused by an increase in negative charges or IS. Hetero-aggregation increased with increase in the GTNPs ratio, indicating that the elongated GTNPs dominated the coagulation of the Fe mineral nanoparticle mixture, which was attributed to the surface heterogeneity and high probability collisions between the GTNPs. Although DLVO neglects the influence of heterogeneity on the nanoparticle surfaces, SEM revealed that hetero-aggregation of GTNPs and FHNPs occurred. The results obtained in this study provide novel and valuable insights into the behaviors of GTNPs and FHNPs mixtures and suggest that during the gradual transformation of FHNPs to GTNPs in soil or aquatic environments, the hetero-aggregation of GTNPs and FHNPs may be enhanced, thus promoting contaminant immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yilun Jing
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingping Chen
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Liping Weng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Haiming Li
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yali Chen
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Tradeoff between risks through ingestion of nanoparticle contaminated water or fish: Human health perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140140. [PMID: 32927548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a framework (termed as "nanoHealthRisk" hereafter) for incorporating i) interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with fishes, ii) availability of NPs to the human digestive system, and iii) estimation of health risk due to fish consumption and inadvertent ingestion of NP-contaminated surface water, for the first time as per the literature review. The framework was applied for estimating health risks due to hypothetical exposures of pristine ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs (without any surface functionalization) from fish tissues. Values of bio- concentration factors (BCF) of ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs in fish and model distributions of bio-assimilation factor of ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NPs in the human digestive system were incorporated explicitly in the risk assessment of NPs for the first time. ZnO NP was observed to be transferred more to the human digestive system from aqueous matrix than the other two NPs. Maximum allowable values of NP posing no risk were found to be 0.115 mg/L, 0.152 mg/L, and 1.77 × 107 mg/L for pristine ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NP, respectively. At the environmental concentration range, exposures of studied NPs from aquatic environment under the assumptions used did not pose any health risk under the conditions studied in this study. More work is required to (1) Estimate bio-concentration factors of a mixture of NPs with other constituents in fish tissues, (2) Estimate dissolution of NP from fish tissue in human digestive media, (3) Generate new data to develop reference dose of NP for human health risk assessment, and (4) Study effect of NP fate in the water on health risk through fish consumption pathway. Until all above-mentioned aspects are not explicitly incorporated in the risk assessment framework, risk estimates do not represent the risk from environment completely. Thus, continuous monitoring of these NPs in the environment is required to protect health due to chronic exposure of small concentrations of NPs from an aqueous matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Stability and characterization of mixture of three particle system containing ZnO-CuO nanoparticles and clay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140095. [PMID: 32927543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand heteroaggregation of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) with clay, for the first time as per the authors' knowledge. Aggregation studies of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles with clay was done (ionic strength =5 mM; pH 7; nanoparticles concentration = 0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L; Clay concentration = 1, 10, and 100 mg/L and HA concentration = 0.1,1, and 10 mg/L as total organic carbon). Critical coagulation concentration (CCC) and attachment efficiency values of suspensions with ZnO: CuO ratio = 0.1, 1, 10 were also determined. Aggregation and liquid portions of mixture suspension at equal mass ratio were characterized for size, zeta potential (ZP), metal and ion contents, pH and conductivity. Results indicated that CCC was found to be 120.7 mM for ZnO: CuO ratio 10 and 1144 mM for ZnO: CuO ratio 1. Values of attachment efficiency were obtained to be 0.9 and 0.8 for these two ZnO:CuO ratio. At natural water ionic strength (IS) condition, aggregate rate constant of mixture of particles ranged from 0.281 to 8.63 nm/min for 10 mg/L NP concentration. Aggregation in suspension containing mixture of particles was found to be affected by NP concentration, clay concentration, and humic acid (p < 0.05). During a 1-h aggregation study, 2.67 mg Cu metal/g aggregate and 0.38 mg Zn/g aggregate were found in aggregates of 5 mM suspension. Overall, this study provided information on aggregation characterization of mixture of metal oxide nanoparticles (ZnO and CuO) in HA and clay presence, which is useful in understanding aggregation formation and in characterizing exposure dose for environmental risk assessment. More detailed information on a three -particle system with natural colloids is required for predicting their fate in aquatic system and defining risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Qu Y, Huang R, Qi W, Shi M, Su R, He Z. Controllable synthesis of ZnO nanoflowers with structure-dependent photocatalytic activity. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Qiu Y, Mu Z, Wang N, Wang X, Xu M, Li H. The aggregation and sedimentation of two different sized copper oxide nanoparticles in soil solutions: Dependence on pH and dissolved organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:139215. [PMID: 32388160 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in soil have received considerable attention because of their potential impact on the environment. In the present study, the stability of CuO NPs (50 nm and 80 nm) in eight soil solutions as well as the major influencing factors was investigated. The results showed that hetero-aggregation between natural colloids and NPs dominated the first stage of aggregation, afterwards the two different sized CuO NPs exhibited different aggregation behaviors. The aggregation of 80 nm CuO was inconspicuous except for notable aggregation observed in JX soil solution where the zeta potential of CuO NPs is close to zero. While for 50 nm CuO NPs, the aggregate size sharply decreased and the aggregates gradually reached a stable state. Further, the sedimentation rate and residual concentration of 50 nm CuO were found to be greater than those of 80 nm CuO. The residual amount of 80 nm CuO in the JX soil solution was lower than those in other soil solutions owing to the lowest zeta potential of the NPs. The pH of the soil solution has a significant effect on the stability of CuO NPs because of the shifting of the zeta potential of the NPs. In addition, dissolved organic carbon showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the residual concentration of CuO NPs. These findings imply the properties of CuO NPs as well as environmental factors including pH and DOC play key role in determining the fate, transport, and bioavailability of CuO NPs in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Qiu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zuting Mu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Science, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Meilan Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Helian Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Ogunsuyi OM, Ogunsuyi OI, Akanni O, Alabi OA, Alimba CG, Adaramoye OA, Cambier S, Eswara S, Gutleb AC, Bakare AA. Alteration of sperm parameters and reproductive hormones in Swiss mice via oxidative stress after co-exposure to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13758. [PMID: 32671885 DOI: 10.1111/and.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Swiss male mice were intraperitoneally administered with titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and their mixture (1:1) at doses between 9.38 and 75 mg/kg for 5 weeks to evaluate reproductive toxicity. Both NPs and their mixture significantly (p < .001) altered sperm motility, reduced sperm numbers and increased abnormalities, while their mixture induced more sperm abnormalities than either TiO2 NPs or ZnO NPs. Both NPs and their mixture significantly (p < .05) reduced the LH level, while ZnO NPs alone and their mixture (p < .001) increased the testosterone levels at tested doses. The testes of exposed mice showed pathological changes and altered histomorphometrics. TiO2 NPs and ZnO NPs individually induced a significant (p < .01) reduction in SOD and CAT activities, while the mixture significantly (p < .001) decreased CAT activity and increased SOD activity. TiO2 NPs alone at 9.38 mg/kg induced a significant (p < .001) reduction in the GSH level, while both NPs and their mixture increased the MDA level significantly (p < .05). The data showed that the mixture had a synergistic interaction to induce testicular damage. Overall, oxidative stress may be involved in the NP-mediated testicular damage observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeoluwa M Ogunsuyi
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun I Ogunsuyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola Akanni
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Okunola A Alabi
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin A Adaramoye
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Sebastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Santhana Eswara
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Adekunle A Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Fang J, Cheng L, Hameed R, Jin L, Wang D, Owens G, Lin D. Release and stability of water dispersible biochar colloids in aquatic environments: Effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size, and solution chemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114037. [PMID: 32006888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathways for the physical disintegration of biochar (BC) and the release of water dispersible BC colloids (WDBC) have received much attention due to their unique impacts on carbon loss and contaminant. However, the current understanding of the mechanisms involved in WDBC formation and associated influencing factors is rather limited. This study systematically explored the effects of pyrolysis temperature, initial particle size, and solution chemistry on WDBC formation in aqueous solutions and examined the formation and colloidal stability of WDBC in natural solutions. Results showed that pyrolysis temperature determined the abrasion resistance of pyrolyzed BC, and the submicron fragment rate decreased in the order 400 °C (BC400) > 700 °C (BC700) > 200 °C (BC200). The WDBC yield decreased in the order BC400 (77.5-331 mg g-1) > BC700 (33.5-173 mg g-1) > BC200 (16.8-125 mg g-1) depending on BC size at a solution ionic strength (IS) ≤ 1 mM, which was positively correlated with the submicron fragment rate of bulk BC. With the exception of BC200, increasing IS (0.1-20 mM) and decreasing pH (3.0-10.0) significantly inhibited WDBC yield. Release and sedimentation dominated the WDBC formation processes with the former being more susceptible to solution chemistry. Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek interactions properly explained the effect of IS on WDBC from BC400 and BC700, while the steric resistance of abundant dissolved organic carbon on BC200 was mainly responsible for the high formation of WDBC at high IS (20-50 mM). WDBC had high colloidal stability and could form and stabilize well in natural surface waters and soil solutions, suggesting the relevant risk of long-distance migration of WDBC in environments. These findings represent new knowledge regarding the physical decomposition and the fate of BC in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Leilei Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Rashida Hameed
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Resident Research Associate, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, OK 74820, United States
| | - Gary Owens
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Sedimentation and Transport of Different Soil Colloids: Effects of Goethite and Humic Acid. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12040980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Soil colloids significantly facilitate the transport of contaminants; however, little is known about the effects of highly reactive iron oxide and the most representative organic matter on the transport of soil colloids with different physicochemical properties. This study investigated the effects of goethite (GT) and humic acid (HA) on the sedimentation and transport of soil colloids using settling and column experiments. The stability of soil colloids was found to be related to their properties and decreased in the following order: black soil colloids (BSc) > yellow soil colloids (YSc) > fluvo-aquic soil colloids (FSc). Organic matter increased the stability of BSc, and ionic strength (Ca2+) promoted the deposition of FSc. Colloids in individual and GT colloids (GTc) coexistence systems tended to stabilize at high pH and showed a pH-dependence whereby the stability decreased with decreasing pH. The interaction of GTc and kaolinite led to a dramatic sedimentation of YSc at pH 4.0. HA enhanced the stability of soil colloids, especially at pH 4.0, and obscured the pH-dependent sedimentation of soil colloids. The transport ability of soil colloids was the same as their stability. The addition of GT retarded the transport of soil colloids, which was quite obvious at pH 7.0. This retardation effect was attributed to the transformation of the surface charge of sand from negative to positive, which increased the electrical double-layer attraction. Although sand coated with GT–HA provided more favorable conditions for the transport of soil colloids in comparison to pure sand, the corresponding transport was relatively slow. This suggests that the filtration effect, heterogeneity, and increased surface roughness may still influence the transport of soil colloids.
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Lv B, Wang C, Hou J, Wang P, Miao L, Xing B. Development of a comprehensive understanding of aggregation-settling movement of CeO 2 nanoparticles in natural waters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113584. [PMID: 31733953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parameters such as the settling rate, aggregation rate, and collision frequency in predictive models used to describe the fate of nanoparticles (NPs) are very important for the risk assessment of NPs in the environment. In this study, CeO2 NPs were chosen as the model particles to investigate such parameters through aggregation-settling experiments under environmentally relevant conditions. The results indicate that natural colloids (Ncs) have no effect on the settling of NPs in seawaters, whereas they stabilize the NPs at a low initial particle concentration and promote the heteroaggregation of NPs at a high initial particle concentration in lake waters. In all cases, a suspended sediment absorbs the NPs and Ncs as mixed aggregates, resulting in a rapid settling. Furthermore, the calculation results of the model indicate that the shear force increases the collision frequency of the NPs by 4-5 orders of magnitude higher than that in quiescent waters. However, the break-up effect by the shear force is more obvious, namely, the shear force hinders the aggregation of NPs in natural waters, instead of promoting aggregation. Remarkably, a negative value of the dis-heteroaggregation rate based on the combined von Smoluchowski-Stokes equation can reflect the hindering effect on the aggregation process. The results of this study will provide scientific and accurate guidance for the parameter selection in the existing prediction model and contribute to a prediction of the fate and transport of NPs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
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22
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Interaction of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles induced cytogenotoxicity in Allium cepa. THE NUCLEUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-020-00308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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23
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Lekamge S, Miranda AF, Pham B, Ball AS, Shukla R, Nugegoda D. The toxicity of non-aged and aged coated silver nanoparticles to the freshwater shrimp Paratya australiensis. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 82:1207-1222. [PMID: 31900064 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1710887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) transform in the environment which result in alterations to their physicochemical properties. However, the effects of aging on the toxicity of NPs to aquatic organisms remain to be determined. Further the reports that have been published present contradictory results. The aim of this study was to examine the stability of differently coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in media and the influence of aging of these NP on potential toxicity to freshwater shrimp Paratya australiensis. Coating-dependent changes in the stability of AgNP were observed with aging. Curcumin (C) coated AgNPs were stable, while tyrosine (T) coated AgNPs and epigallocatechin gallate (E) coated AgNPs aggregated in the P. australiensis medium. Increased lipid peroxidation and catalase activity was noted in P. australiensis exposed to AgNPs, suggesting oxidative stress was associated with NP exposure. The enhanced oxidative stress initiated by aged C-AgNPs suggests that aging of these NPs produced different toxicological responses. In summary, data suggest that coating-dependent alterations in NPs, together with aging affect both persistence and subsequent toxicity of NPs to freshwater organisms. Thus, the coating-dependent fate and toxicity of AgNPs together with the effect of their aging need to be considered in assessing the environmental risk of AgNPs to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Lekamge
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Ana F Miranda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Ben Pham
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
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24
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Azizi-Lalabadi M, Ehsani A, Divband B, Alizadeh-Sani M. Antimicrobial activity of Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide nanoparticles supported in 4A zeolite and evaluation the morphological characteristic. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17439. [PMID: 31767932 PMCID: PMC6877518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the antimicrobial activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles supported into 4A zeolite (4A z) was assessed. Based on antimicrobial experiments, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) and disc diffusion test were determined after 24 h of contact with the prepared nanocomposites. These results are in agreements with the results of disc diffusion test. During the experiments, the numbers of viable bacterial cells of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 decreased significantly. The crystallinity and morphology of nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), elemental mapping at the microstructural level by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, it was demonstrated that TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles supported in 4A zeolite could lead to an optimum activity as antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizi-Lalabadi
- Students' Research Committee, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Ehsani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Food and Drug safety research center, Tabriz university of medical science, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Baharak Divband
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, C.P. 51664, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh-Sani
- Students' Scientific Research center, Food Safety and Hygiene Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Understanding effect of solution chemistry on heteroaggregation of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:457-469. [PMID: 31272006 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The reported presence of mixture of nanoparticles in environmental water warrants developing understanding on their aggregation and fate. This study tried to address this question and focused on understanding effects of pH (3,7 and 10), background electrolyte concentration (1 mM and 10 mM as NaCl) and nanoparticle (NP) concentration (1 and 10 mg/L) on stability of suspension containing mixture of two commonly-found metal oxide-based NP (i.e., ZnO and CuO NPs) in a 6-h study (output variables: aggregation rate constant, settling rate constant, difference in zeta potential, change of metal content in suspension and on aggregates). Two iso-electric point values were obtained: pH 3.08 and 8.33 for mixture suspension in DI (De-ionized) water and pH 5.69 and 8.65 for mixture suspension with 10 mM electrolyte concentration. Settling rate constant and aggregation rate constant values of suspension containing mixture of NPs varied between 0.02 and 0.23 NTU/(NTU-hour) and 0.0002 and 0.03 nm/s, respectively. At natural pH condition, settling rate constant and aggregation rate constant values were obtained to be 0.05 NTU/(NTU- hour) and 0.012 nm/s. The Derjaguin-Landau-Verway-Overbeek (DLVO) analyses indicated that aggregation of mixture of NPs might be happening due to combined effects of ionic layer compression, charge neutralization and van der Waals attraction. Dissolution of nanoparticles was found to be significantly affected by change in pH of suspension. Stability of mixture of nanoparticles was observed to decrease with increasing pH, ionic strength and nanoparticle concentration values. For ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, model equations were developed for predicting their (i) aggregation rate constant, (ii) settling rate constant, (iii) difference in zeta potential, (iv) percentage change of metal in suspension and (v) solid Zn fractions of mixture of nanoparticles as a function of pH, ionic strength and NP concentration. These information are useful in understanding fate of mixture of NPs in suspension as well as in settled solids in natural water bodies and in water treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Xia T, Yan N, Li S, Lin Y, Su T. Adsorption of tylosin and sulfamethazine by carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide nanoparticles: pH-dependent mechanisms. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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27
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Xu N, Huangfu X, Li Z, Wu Z, Li D, Zhang M. Nanoaggregates of silica with kaolinite and montmorillonite: Sedimentation and transport. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 669:893-902. [PMID: 30970456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to a wide range of applications in industrial fields, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have a high potential to enter the soil. The soil's major component of clay likely dictates the fate and transport of ENMs in the subsurface. Currently, few studies are available on the fate and transport of nanoparticle silica (nSiO2) in the presence of clay particles. Therefore, the sedimentation and transport of nSiO2 with two representative clays (montmorillonite (M) and kaolin (K)) in porous media were investigated in monovalent (Na+) and divalent (Ca2+) ion solutions with multiple characterizations including SEM/TEM-EDX, zeta potentials, particle sizes and colloid transport modeling. It was shown that nSiO2-nSiO2 homoaggregates and nSiO2-K (or M) heteroaggregates dominated in the nSiO2-clay nanoaggregate suspension. A distinct decrease in the stability and transport of nSiO2-M (or K) in NaCl solution and an increase in CaCl2 occurred when M or K was added to the nSiO2 suspension at pH 6.0. This was attributed to the faster settlement of the individual M or K in NaCl vs. the better stability in CaCl2 (compared to nSiO2 alone). Particularly, more negative individual M platelets occurred in the high NaCl solution until extensive flocculated structures built up, which contributed to the faster deposition of nSiO2-M compared to nSiO2-K, even though the nSiO2-M was more negatively charged. Comparably, the effect of M and K on the fate and transport of nSiO2 almost disappeared at pH 9.0. The values of the first-order attachment/detachment rate coefficients (k1/k1d) and first-order straining coefficient (k2) obtained from two-site kinetic attachment model fitting are responsible for the deposition of nSiO2-clay nanoaggregates in sand. This study suggests potential groundwater contamination due to the clay-facilitated transport of ENMs in calcareous soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Xinxing Huangfu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zuling Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zhengying Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Duo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Wang D, Wang P, Wang C, Ao Y. Effects of interactions between humic acid and heavy metal ions on the aggregation of TiO 2 nanoparticles in water environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:834-844. [PMID: 30856499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs), heavy metal and natural organic matter (NOM) may simultaneously exist in the aquatic environment, where they will affect the behavior of each other and may enhance their toxicities. Studies on the influences of interactions between NOM and heavy metal ions on the behavior of NPs are scarce. In this study, combined effects of Pb2+ and HA on the aggregation behavior of TiO2 NPs in water environment were investigated by Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The results illustrated that interactions between Pb2+ and HA could case the aggregation of TiO2 NPs obviously. The concurrence of Pb2+ and HA resulted in decreased critical coagulation concentration (CCC) and increased attachment efficiencies. Meanwhile, we found that the addition sequences of HA and heavy metal clearly influenced the aggregation kinetics of TiO2 NPs. At different addition sequences, the complex reaction between Pb2+ and HA changed the surface charge of TiO2 NPs, and caused the different aggregation behavior which depended on the complex locations and complex sites. Furthermore, the excitation-emission-matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra was used to verify the significant effects of the complex interactions between Pb2+ and HA on the aggregation of TiO2 NPs. Our results would be significant for interpreting TiO2 behavior in the complicated water system. The complexation between Pb2+ and HA promoted the aggregation of TiO2 NPs, meanwhile, complex locations and complex sites played an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1, Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1, Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1, Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yanhui Ao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1, Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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29
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Xu F. Review of analytical studies on TiO 2 nanoparticles and particle aggregation, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, stabilization. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:662-677. [PMID: 30173113 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in industrial and consumer products. Comprehensive and accurate detection, characterization, and quantification of TiO2 NPs are important for understanding the specific property, behavior, fate, and potential risk of TiO2 NPs in natural and engineered environments. This review provides a summary of recent analytical studies of TiO2 NPs and their aggregation, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, stabilization under a wide range of conditions and processes. Much attention is paid on sample preparation prior to an analytical procedure, analysis of particle size, morphology, structure, state, chemical composition, surface properties, etc., via measurements of light scattering and zeta potential, microscopy, spectroscopy, and related techniques. Recently, some advanced techniques have also been explored to characterize TiO2 NPs and their behaviors in the environment. Many issues must be considered including distinction between engineered TiO2 NPs and their naturally occurring counterparts, lack of reference materials, interlaboratory comparison, when analyzing low concentrations of TiO2 NPs and their behaviors in complex matrices. No "ideal" technique has emerged as each technique has its own merits, biases, and limitations. Multi-method approach is highlighted to provide in-depth information. Improvements of analytical method for determination of TiO2 NPs have been recommended to be together with exposure modelers and ecotoxicologists for maximum individual and mutual benefit. Future work should focus on developing analytical technology with the advantages of being reliable, sensitive, selective, reproducible, and capable of in situ detection in complicated sample system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7431, USA.
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30
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Cheng X, Xu N, Huangfu X, Zhou X, Zhang M. Synergetic effect of hydrochar on the transport of anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the presence of phosphate in saturated quartz sand. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:28864-28874. [PMID: 30099712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanomaterials has led to the unavoidable leakage and release of nanoparticles (NPs) into soil and the underlying groundwater. It is possible for chars and phosphate introduced into soil to improve crop soil properties by improving contact with NPs. In this study, the influences of hydrochar and/or phosphate on the anatase nTiO2 transport behaviors were investigated under different conditions. The breakthrough curves (BTCs) and retention profiles were obtained by the saturated sand column experiments. The additional analysis of zeta potentials, sedimentation kinetics, Raman mapping, and the two-site kinetic attachment model (TSKAM) was conducted to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. The simultaneous presence of phosphate and hydrochar acted in a synergetic fashion to enhance the transport of nTiO2 in a sand medium compared to the facilitated effect of single phosphate or hydrochar. The higher levels of hydrochar induce the more nTiO2 in the high IC solution passing through the saturated sand columns in the co-presence of phosphate. It was attributed to the competitive adsorption of hydrochar with nTiO2 to the sand site and the phosphate adsorption on nTiO2 occurred simultaneously through the sand columns. The fitting results of BTCs using TSKAM showed that the value of k2 for nTiO2 (the irreversible attachment coefficient at site 2) was smaller than that of k1d/k1 (the first-order reversible detachment and attachment coefficient at site 1, respectively), suggesting irreversible retention of anatase nTiO2 at site 1. The value of k1d/k1 could be better used to explain the retention of nTiO2 with combined phosphate and hydrochar. This study provides insight into the implications of phosphate and/or hydrochar for nTiO2 transport in crop soil environments. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Xinxing Huangfu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
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