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Ramamurthy K, Madesh S, Priya PS, Ayub R, Aljawdah HM, Arokiyaraj S, Guru A, Arockiaraj J. Textile azo dye, Sudan Black B, inducing hepatotoxicity demonstrated in in vivo zebrafish larval model. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1811-1829. [PMID: 38970761 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, particularly from textile industry effluents, raises concerns globally. The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatotoxicity of Sudan Black B (SBB), a commonly used textile azo dye, on embryonic zebrafish. SBB exposure led to concentration-dependent mortality, reaching 100% at 0.8 mM, accompanied by growth retardation and diverse malformations in zebrafish. Biochemical marker analysis indicated adaptive responses to SBB, including increased SOD, CAT, NO, and LDH, alongside decreased GSH levels. Liver morphology analysis unveiled significant alterations, impacting metabolism and detoxification. Also, glucose level was declined and lipid level elevated in SBB-exposed in vivo zebrafish. Inflammatory gene expressions (TNF-α, IL-10, and INOS) showcased a complex regulatory interplay, suggesting an organismal attempt to counteract pro-inflammatory states during SBB exposure. The increased apoptosis revealed a robust hepatic cellular response due to SBB, aligning with observed liver tissue damage and inflammatory events. This multidimensional study highlights the intricate web of responses due to SBB exposure, which is emphasizing the need for comprehensive understanding and targeted mitigation strategies. The findings bear the implications for both aquatic ecosystems and potentially parallels to human health, underscoring the imperative for sustained research in this critical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Ramamurthy
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvam Madesh
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rashid Ayub
- College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2454, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M Aljawdah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Stolte Bezerra Lisboa Oliveira L, Ristroph KD. Critical Review: Uptake and Translocation of Organic Nanodelivery Vehicles in Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5646-5669. [PMID: 38517744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanodelivery vehicles (NDVs) are engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) that, within the agricultural sector, have been investigated for their ability to improve uptake and translocation of agrochemicals, control release, or target specific tissues or subcellular compartments. Both inorganic and organic NDVs have been studied for agrochemical delivery in the literature, but research on the latter has been slower to develop than the literature on the former. Since the two classes of nanomaterials exhibit significant differences in surface chemistry, physical deformability, and even colloidal stability, trends that apply to inorganic NDVs may not hold for organic NDVs, and vice versa. We here review the current literature on the uptake, translocation, biotransformation, and cellular and subcellular internalization of organic NDVs in plants following foliar or root administration. A background on nanomaterials and plant physiology is provided as a leveling ground for researchers in the field. Trends in uptake and translocation are examined as a function of NDV properties and compared to those reported for inorganic nanomaterials. Methods for assessing fate and transport of organic NDVs in plants (a major bottleneck in the field) are discussed. We end by identifying knowledge gaps in the literature that must be understood in order to rationally design organic NDVs for precision agrochemical nanodelivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Stolte Bezerra Lisboa Oliveira
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kurt D Ristroph
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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3
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Diaz de Tuesta JL, Silva AMT, Faria JL, Gomes HT. Adsorption of Sudan-IV contained in oily wastewater on lipophilic activated carbons: kinetic and isotherm modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20770-20785. [PMID: 32248414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Up to nine kinetic and fourteen isotherm adsorption models are employed to model the adsorption of Sudan IV, a lipophilic model pollutant present in a biphasic mixture of cyclohexane-water system to simulate oily wastewater. Six different modified activated carbons were used as adsorbents. The highest amount adsorbed of Sudan IV was found in the material prepared by successive treatments of the parent commercial activated carbon Norit ROX 0.8 with nitric acid and urea, followed by thermal treatment at 800 °C under continuous flow of nitrogen. Kinetic and isotherm adsorption models can be employed to simulate the process, since the effect of the presence of water in the adsorption of Sudan IV from the cyclohexane phase was found to be negligible, owing to the high lipophilic character of both adsorbent and adsorbate. All kinetic and isotherm coefficients, coupling with statistical parameters (r2, adjusted r2 and sum of squared errors), are determined by non-linear regression fitting and compared to literature data. The model of Avrami is found to be the most appropriate model to represent the adsorption of the pollutant in any of the six modified carbons tested, the highest value of the kinetic constant being 0.055 min-1. The isotherm adsorption is well-modelled by using the general isotherm equation of Tóth and the multilayer Jovanović expression for the adsorption of Sudan-IV on that material, resulting in a high monolayer uptake capacity (qm = 193.6 mg g-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Diaz de Tuesta
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Braganca, Portugal.
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim L Faria
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder T Gomes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Braganca, Portugal
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Meng X, Zhang N, Sun X, Niu Z, Deng Y, Xu J, Bai H, Ma Q. Suspect screening of 200 hazardous substances in plastic toys using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1617:460830. [PMID: 31902577 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for the development of efficient and comprehensive analytical methods for organic chemical compounds due to their increasing number and diversity in children's toy products. The presence of these chemicals in toys poses an extreme risk for the health and development of children. In this study, an analytical methodology has been developed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). This hybrid instrumentation together with an in-house accurate-mass database and a mass spectral library, allows for wide-scope screening and identification of hazardous substances in plastic toys. A total number of 200 compounds belonging to eight chemical families were investigated, such as coloring agents, plasticizers, fragrance allergens, nitrosamines, primary aromatic amines, flame retardants, perfluorinated compounds, and endocrine disruptors. Following a straightforward and efficient dissolution/precipitation method for sample preparation, chemical screening and confirmation were conducted by comparing the experimentally measured exact mass, retention time, and isotopic pattern with the accurate-mass database and by matching the acquired MS/MS spectra against the mass spectral library. The matrix effect, linearity, sensitivity, precision, and recovery of the proposed method were properly evaluated. The obtained limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) were in the range of 0.01-0.98 mg kg-1 and 0.03-2.99 mg kg-1, respectively. The applicability of the developed protocol was verified through the analysis of 55 real plastic toy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshuang Meng
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China; School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- SCIEX (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zengyuan Niu
- Technical Center of Qingdao Customs District, Qingdao 266002, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction coupled with salt-induced demulsification based on solidified floating organic drop prior to HPLC determination of Sudan dyes in chili products. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Liu W, Liu J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Yang X, Duan L, Dharmarajan R, Wang X, Li L. Simultaneous determination of 20 disperse dyes in foodstuffs by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2019; 300:125183. [PMID: 31336276 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A reasonable, high sensitive and accurate analytical method for the determination of 20 allergenic disperse dyes in foodstuffs was developed and validated. The obtained results showed that an ultra high liquid performance chromatography system - equipped with tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) proved to be ideal for the selected method enabling multidimensional processing of the samples. Under optimized conditions, validation results showed excellent linearity (5-1000 µg/L, r2 ≥ 0.997), limits of detection (LODs, 1.1-10.8 μg/kg), recoveries (60.2-110.3%) and precision (RSDs ≤ 12.6%) for the twenty disperse dyes under investigation. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of 20 disperse dyes in real foodstuffs demonstrating the validity and applicability of the current method for continuing monitoring of the selected dyes. The proposed UHPLC-MS/MS is thus proved to be a convenient, effective, sensitive and timesaving method for the isolation and determination of allergenic disperse dyes in edible packaging and other foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Technology, Xinjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Urumqi, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China; School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Luchun Duan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Rajarathnam Dharmarajan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Xiyuan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Abstract
Colour plays a decisive role in the marketing of a cosmetic product. Among thousands of substances used to colour, synthetic dyes are the most widespread in the industry. Their potential secondary effects on human health and different regulatory requirements for their use between the main world markets make analytical control necessary to guarantee the safety of a cosmetic product. However, methodologies for the determination of dyes in cosmetics are scarce with respect to those reported for other cosmetic ingredients such as preservatives or ultraviolet UV filters. In addition, most of the existing methods just consider a part of the total of dyes regulated. On the other hand, many methods have been developed for matrices different than cosmetics such as foodstuff, beverages or wastewater. The current paper reviews the recent developments in analytical methodologies for the control of synthetic dyes in cosmetics proposed in the international scientific literature in the last 10 years (2008–2018). A trend towards the use of miniaturized extraction techniques is evidenced. Due to the hydrophilic nature of dyes, liquid chromatography is the most usual choice in combination with absorbance detectors and, more recently, with mass spectrometry.
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Rapid identification of regulated organic chemical compounds in toys using ambient ionization and a miniature mass spectrometry system. Talanta 2018; 180:182-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Zhu H, Huang C, Chen Y, Lu Z, Zhou H, Chen C, Wu J, Chen X, Jin M. Quantitative Determination of Four Azo Dyes in Rat Plasma with Solid-Phase Extraction and UFLC–MS-MS Analysis: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1522-1531. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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10
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Shokrollahi A, Kashkoli FD. Determination of Violet Covasol as a cosmetic dye in water samples by a CPE-Scanometry method. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lores M, Llompart M, Alvarez-Rivera G, Guerra E, Vila M, Celeiro M, Lamas JP, Garcia-Jares C. Positive lists of cosmetic ingredients: Analytical methodology for regulatory and safety controls - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 915:1-26. [PMID: 26995636 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetic products placed on the market and their ingredients, must be safe under reasonable conditions of use, in accordance to the current legislation. Therefore, regulated and allowed chemical substances must meet the regulatory criteria to be used as ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products, and adequate analytical methodology is needed to evaluate the degree of compliance. This article reviews the most recent methods (2005-2015) used for the extraction and the analytical determination of the ingredients included in the positive lists of the European Regulation of Cosmetic Products (EC 1223/2009): comprising colorants, preservatives and UV filters. It summarizes the analytical properties of the most relevant analytical methods along with the possibilities of fulfilment of the current regulatory issues. The cosmetic legislation is frequently being updated; consequently, the analytical methodology must be constantly revised and improved to meet safety requirements. The article highlights the most important advances in analytical methodology for cosmetics control, both in relation to the sample pretreatment and extraction and the different instrumental approaches developed to solve this challenge. Cosmetics are complex samples, and most of them require a sample pretreatment before analysis. In the last times, the research conducted covering this aspect, tended to the use of green extraction and microextraction techniques. Analytical methods were generally based on liquid chromatography with UV detection, and gas and liquid chromatographic techniques hyphenated with single or tandem mass spectrometry; but some interesting proposals based on electrophoresis have also been reported, together with some electroanalytical approaches. Regarding the number of ingredients considered for analytical control, single analyte methods have been proposed, although the most useful ones in the real life cosmetic analysis are the multianalyte approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lores
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain.
| | - Maria Llompart
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - Gerardo Alvarez-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - Eugenia Guerra
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - Marlene Vila
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - Maria Celeiro
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - J Pablo Lamas
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Jares
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA), Departamento de Química Analitica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Quimica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA. Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Spain
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Fast throughput determination of 21 allergenic disperse dyes from river water using reusable three-dimensional interconnected magnetic chemically modified graphene oxide followed by liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1431:36-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Rajabi M, Sabzalian S, Barfi B, Arghavani-Beydokhti S, Asghari A. In-line micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction for simultaneous separation and extraction of Sudan dyes in different spices. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1425:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Campanella G, Ghaani M, Quetti G, Farris S. On the origin of primary aromatic amines in food packaging materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Guerra E, Celeiro M, Lamas JP, Llompart M, Garcia-Jares C. Determination of dyes in cosmetic products by micro-matrix solid phase dispersion and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1415:27-37. [PMID: 26363949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple method based on micro-matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed for the rapid and simultaneous determination of nine regulated water-soluble dyes in personal care and decorative products. The proposed miniaturized extraction procedure was optimized by means of experimental designs in order to obtain the highest extraction efficiency. Under the optimal selected conditions, the method was validated showing satisfactory performance in terms of linearity, sensitivity, and intra-day and inter-day precision. Recoveries were evaluated in different cosmetic matrices and they can be considered quantitative with average values between 70 and 120% with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 15%. Finally, the validated method was applied to 24 samples of cosmetic and personal care products, including decorative makeup, lipsticks, lip gloss, toothpastes, regenerating creams, shampoos, and eye shadows, among others, to cover a broad range of commercial real samples. Seven of the analyzed dyes were detected, being declared all of them in the label list of ingredients. More than 50% of the samples contained at least two dyes. Tartrazine was the most frequently found (50% of the samples) at concentration levels of 0.243-79.9μgg(-1). Other targets were found in 1-9 samples, highlighting the presence of Quinoline at high concentration (>500μgg(-1)) in a toothpaste sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Guerra
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Analytical Solutions (LIDSA), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Celeiro
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Analytical Solutions (LIDSA), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Pablo Lamas
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Analytical Solutions (LIDSA), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Llompart
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Analytical Solutions (LIDSA), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Jares
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Analytical Solutions (LIDSA), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Zhu Y, Wu Y, Zhou C, Zhao B, Yun W, Huang S, Tao P, Tu D, Chen S. A screening method of oil-soluble synthetic dyes in chilli products based on multi-wavelength chromatographic fingerprints comparison. Food Chem 2015; 192:441-51. [PMID: 26304371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A multi-wavelength HPLC fingerprint comparison method was proposed for the screening of oil-soluble synthetic dyes in chilli products. The screening was based on the fingerprint differences of normal unadulterated chilli sample with tested chilli samples. The samples were extracted with acetone and fingerprinted by HPLC under four visible light wavelengths (450 nm, 490 nm, 520 nm, and 620 nm). It was found that the fingerprints of different chilli product samples had a relatively fixed number of peaks and stable retention time. When 16 kinds of known synthetic dyes were used as model analytes to assess the screening efficiency, 14 of them could be screened using fingerprint comparison method, with LOD of 0.40-2.41 mg/kg. The new screening method was simple and had the possibility of finding existence of the adulterated dyes which could not be identified using known standard analytes as control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhu
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China.
| | - Yanlei Wu
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Chunjie Zhou
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Wen Yun
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Peng Tao
- Department of Food Nutrition and Detection, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Dawei Tu
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Laboratory for Food Detection, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
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17
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Khalikova MA, Šatínský D, Solich P, Nováková L. Development and validation of ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography method for determination of illegal dyes and comparison to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 874:84-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhu H, Chen Y, Huang C, Han Y, Zhang Y, Xie S, Chen X, Jin M. Simultaneous determination of four Sudan dyes in rat blood by UFLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. J Pharm Anal 2015; 5:239-248. [PMID: 29403937 PMCID: PMC5762213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive method based on ultrafast liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, and Sudan IV levels in rat whole blood. Cleanert C18 mixed-mode polymeric sorbent was used for effective solid-phase extraction cleanup. Separation was carried out on a reversed-phase C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) using 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water/0.1% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile as the mobile phase in gradient elution. Quantification was performed by an electrospray ionization source in the positive multiple reaction monitoring mode using D5-Sudan I as the internal standard. Calibration curves showed good linearity between 0.2 and 20.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9990. The average recovery rates were between 93.05% and 114.98%. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were within 6.2%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/L. All the analytes were found to be stable in a series of stability studies. The proposed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of four Sudan dyes after oral administration to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Changshun Huang
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yangyang Han
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shucan Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China.,Ningbo Key Laboratory of Poison Research and Control, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Micong Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China.,Ningbo Key Laboratory of Poison Research and Control, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
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Removal of sudan dyes from aqueous solution by magnetic carbon nanotubes: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li C, Chen L, You X. Extraction of Sudan dyes from environmental water by hemimicelles-based magnetic titanium dioxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:12382-12389. [PMID: 24938811 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the extraction of Sudan dyes including Sudan I, II, III, and IV from environmental water by magnetic titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4@TiO2) coated with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as adsorbent was reported. Fe3O4@TiO2 was synthesized by a simple method and was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnetic separation was quite efficient for the adsorption and desorption of Sudan dyes. The effect of the amount of SDS, extraction time, pH, desorption condition, maximal extraction volume, and humic acid on the extraction process were investigated. This method was employed to analyze three environmental water samples. The results demonstrated that our proposed method had wide linear range (25-5,000 ng L(-1)) with a good linearity (R (2) > 0.999) and low detection limits (2.9-7.3 ng L(-1)). An enrichment factor of 1,000 was achieved. In all three spiked levels (25, 250, and 2,500 ng L(-1)), the recoveries of Sudan dyes were in the range of 86.9-93.6 %. The relative standard deviations obtained were ranging from 2.5 to 9.3 %. That is to say, the new method was fast and effective for the extraction of Sudan dye from environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
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21
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Qi R, Zhou X, Li X, Ma J, Lu C, Mu J, Zhang X, Jia Q. Rapid identification of synthetic colorants in food samples by using indium oxide nanoparticle-functionalized porous polymer monolith coupled with HPLC-MS/MS. Analyst 2014; 139:6168-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Simultaneous determination of 17 disperse dyes in textile by ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2014; 127:108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Khalikova MA, Satínský D, Smidrkalová T, Solich P. On-line SPE-UHPLC method using fused core columns for extraction and separation of nine illegal dyes in chilli-containing spices. Talanta 2014; 130:433-41. [PMID: 25159432 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The presented work describes the development of a simple, fast and effective on-line SPE-UHPLC-UV/vis method using fused core particle columns for extraction, separation and quantitative analysis of the nine illegal dyes, most frequently found in chilli-containing spices. The red dyes Sudan I-IV, Sudan Red 7B, Sudan Red G, Sudan Orange G, Para Red, and Methyl Red were separated and analyzed in less than 9 min without labor-consuming pretreatment procedure. The chromatographic separation was performed on Ascentis Express RP-Amide column with gradient elution using mixture of acetonitrile and water, as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) and 55°C of temperature. As SPE sorbent for cleanup and pre-concentration of illegal dyes short guard fused core column Ascentis Express F5 was used. The applicability of proposed method was proven for three different chilli-containing commercial samples. Recoveries for all compounds were between 90% and 108% and relative standard deviation ranged from 1% to 4% for within- and from 2% to 6% for between-day. Limits of detection showed lower values than required by European Union regulations and were in the range of 3.3-10.3 µg L(-1) for standard solutions, 5.6-235.6 µg kg(-1) for chilli-containing spices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Khalikova
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Satínský
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Smidrkalová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Solich
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Zhu Y, Zhao B, Xiao R, Yun W, Xiao Z, Tu D, Chen S. Simultaneous determination of 14 oil-soluble synthetic dyes in chilli products by high performance liquid chromatography with a gel permeation chromatography clean-up procedure. Food Chem 2014; 145:956-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hailong X, Fen Q, Ying X, Jianhong P, Haiyun T, Hongqing W, Saijun L, Jichun H. A rapid and sensitive method for the detection of aromatic amines in cosmetics. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:115-9. [PMID: 23380441 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic amines (AAs) are common chemical pollutants and banned ingredients in cosmetics. In this study, a rapid, simple and stable method for the detection of nine AAs in cosmetics was established based on the optimization of cation exchange solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The method displayed good linearity within a range of 2-1,000 µg/kg, with limits of quantitation at the level of µg/kg for cosmetic samples. The recoveries obtained for all analyzed amines ranged between 83.6 and 97.8%, and the repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) values indicated that all nine AAs showed good precision (r ≤ 4.5% and R ≤ 7.7%). The method was applied for the detection of 36 cosmetic samples. It was found that the primary pollutants of AAs were 3, 3'-dichlorobenzidine and 4-aminoazobenzene. The total amine concentration in cosmetic samples ranged from 880 to 5,200 µg/kg. The proposed method is applicable for the analysis of most cosmetic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hailong
- 1Hangzhou Institute of Calibration and Testing for Quality and Technical Supervision, Hangzhou 310004, P. R. China
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Lech K, Wilicka E, Witowska-Jarosz J, Jarosz M. Early synthetic dyes--a challenge for tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:141-147. [PMID: 23378085 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study concerns identification of early yellow synthetic dyes from silk fibers taken from the 1930 spring color palette of the Lyon Dyers' Guild (La Chambre Syndicale des Teinturiers). The identification was based mainly on the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry spectra obtained in the positive and negative ion modes. This technique was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography, which enabled separation of the analyzed compounds. Spectra registered for each of the examined synthetic dye allowed identification of their lost fragments. Moreover, isotopic profiles and exact measurements of m/z by using time of flight analyzer made possible to evaluate their elemental composition. In consequence, all obtained data, including UV-vis spectra, allowed to reconstruct molecular structures of examined colorants. Due to the lack of standards, the identification of the dyes was based only on the registration of fragment and quasi-molecular ions, what is rather uncommon in such analysis and means groping for the correct structure rather than proving signal identity by comparison with standards. Depending on substituents present in dye molecules, the lost fragments of the examined compounds involved SO(2), NO(•), NO(2)(•), CH(4), C(2)H(4), C(2)H(5)(•), C(2)H(6), CH(2)=N-CH(3), (CH(3))(2)NH, CH(2)= NH, CH(3)-NH(2), as well as CO and CO(2). The performed study led to identification of various colorants: rhodamine 6 G, rhodamine B, malachite green, quinoline yellow, picric acid and acetoquinone yellow 5JZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Lech
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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27
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Pezo D, Fedeli M, Bosetti O, Nerín C. Aromatic amines from polyurethane adhesives in food packaging: The challenge of identification and pattern recognition using Quadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass SpectrometryE. Anal Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Azo and diazo compounds include Sudan dyes, which were widely used in industry. Although they are not permitted in food, they had been found contaminating different food products and their presence is investigated regularly (since 2003) in these products. Sudan III, as well as Sudan Black B, was included in different laboratory techniques for tissue ceroid and lipofucsin analysis and blood-cell staining. Also, Sudan Black B has been recently included in in vivo evaluations in human beings (through oral intake), and Sudan III is still allowed in cosmetics. These azo dyes were metabolized to possible carcinogenic colorless amines, both in the liver of mammalians and by the micro flora present in human skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Both human and laboratory animal cytochrome P450s (CYPs) were able to oxidize Sudan I, whereas Sudan III modified CYP activities. In vitro genotoxic effects were reported for Sudan I, and some DNA adducts formed through exposure to its metabolites were identified. Sudan I was also found to be carcinogenic in the rat, but not in the mouse. The aim of the present review is to put together the most relevant information concerning Sudan dye uses and toxicity to provide some tools for the identification of the risk they represent for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Fonovich
- School of Science and Technology, University of General San Martin, San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Fukuji TS, Castro-Puyana M, Tavares MFM, Cifuentes A. Sensitive and fast determination of Sudan dyes in chilli powder by partial-filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:705-12. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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30
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Jiang C, Sun Y, Yu X, Zhang L, Sun X, Gao Y, Zhang H, Song D. Removal of sudan dyes from water with C18-functional ultrafine magnetic silica nanoparticles. Talanta 2011; 89:38-46. [PMID: 22284457 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the new C(18)-functionalized ultrafine magnetic silica nanoparticles (C(18)-UMS NPs) were successfully synthesized and applied for extraction of sudan dyes in water samples based on the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The extraction and concentration were carried out in one step by blending C(18)-UMS NPs and water samples. The sudan dyes adsorbed C(18)-UMS NPs were isolated from the matrix easily with an external magnetic field. After desorption the quantitation of sudan dyes was done by ultra fast liquid chromatography (UFLC). Satisfactory extraction recovery can be obtained with only 50 mg C(18)-UMS NPs. The effects of experimental parameters, including the amount of the nanoparticles, extraction time, pH value, desorption solvent, volume of desorption solvent and desorption time were investigated. The limits of detection for sudan I, II, III and IV were 0.066, 0.070, 0.12 and 0.12 ng mL(-1), respectively. Recoveries obtained by analyzing the six spiked water samples were between 68% and 103%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhu Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Fukuji TS, Castro-Puyana M, Tavares MFM, Cifuentes A. Fast determination of Sudan dyes in chilli tomato sauces using partial filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:11903-11909. [PMID: 21985218 DOI: 10.1021/jf203201b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method based on partial filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) for the quantitative determination of Sudan dyes (I, II, III, and IV) in chilli sauces is presented. The separation is achieved filling 25% of the capillary with a MEKC buffer composed of 40 mM NH(4)HCO(3), 25 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 32.5% (v/v) acetonitrile (ACN). The rest of the capillary is filled using a capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) buffer composed of 40 mM NH(4)HCO(3) and 32.5% (v/v) ACN. Under optimized conditions, the azo dyes are baseline separated in less than 8 min with limits of detection ranging from 0.57 to 0.71 μg mL(-1) (S/N > 3). Using an internal standard, the repeatability of the quantitative determination is improved almost four times. The applicability of the method for rapid screening and determination of Sudan dyes is corroborated by analyzing spiked chilli sauce samples with recoveries from 85 to 99%. The reported conditions are demonstrated to be compatible with mass spectrometry detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S Fukuji
- Laboratory of Foodomics, CIAL, CSIC , Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Noguerol-Cal R, López-Vilariño J, González-Rodríguez M, Barral-Losada L. Effect of several variables in the polymer toys additive migration to saliva. Talanta 2011; 85:2080-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ávila M, Zougagh M, Escarpa A, Ríos Á. Determination of sudan dyes in food samples using supercritical fluid extraction–capillary liquid chromatography. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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González-Rodríguez MV, Dopico-García MS, Noguerol-Cal R, Carballeira-Amarelo T, López-Vilariño JM, Fernández-Martínez G. Application of liquid chromatography in polymer non-ionic antistatic additives analysis. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3595-603. [PMID: 20931612 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article investigates the applicability of HPLC-UV, ultra performance LC-evaporative light-scattering detection (UPLC-ELSD), HPLC-ESI(+)-MS and HPLC-hybrid linear ion trap (LTQ) Orbitrap MS for the analysis of different non-ionic antistatic additives, Span 20, Span 60, Span 65, Span 80, Span 85 (sorbitan fatty acid esters), Atmer 129 (glycerol fatty acid ester) and Atmer 163 (ethoxylated alkylamine). Several alkyl chain length or different degrees of esterification of polyol derivatives can be present in commercial mixtures of these polymer additives. Therefore, their identification and quantification is complicated. Qualitative composition of the studied compounds was analysed by MS. HPLC-UV, UPLC-ELSD and HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS methods were applied to the quantitative determination of the different Spans, Atmer 129 and Atmer 163, respectively. Quality parameters of these methods were established and no derivatization was necessary.
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Noguerol-Cal R, López-Vilariño JM, Fernández-Martínez G, González-Rodríguez MV, Barral-Losada LF. Liquid chromatographic methods to analyze hindered amines light stabilizers (HALS) levels to improve safety in polyolefins. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2698-706. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Fast throughput, highly sensitive determination of allergenic disperse dyes in textile products by use of sample composition. Talanta 2010; 82:261-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ma Q, Bai H, Zhang Q, Ma W, Xi H, Zhou X, Wang C. Determination of Carcinogenic and Allergenic Dyestuffs in Toys by LC Coupled to UV/Vis Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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Rebane R, Leito I, Yurchenko S, Herodes K. A review of analytical techniques for determination of Sudan I–IV dyes in food matrixes. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2747-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Carneiro PA, Umbuzeiro GA, Oliveira DP, Zanoni MVB. Assessment of water contamination caused by a mutagenic textile effluent/dyehouse effluent bearing disperse dyes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 174:694-9. [PMID: 19853375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector method was developed to detect disperse dyes in water samples over the range 0.50-35 ng, with detection limits of 0.09 ng, 0.84 ng and 0.08 ng, respectively, with good repeatability and accuracy. This study identifies the disperse azo dyes C.I. Disperse Blue 373, C.I. Disperse Orange 37 and Disperse Violet 93 as components of a commercial dye formulation assigned as Dispersol Black Dye (CVS) used in the textile industry for dyeing synthetic fibers that are contributing to the mutagenicity found in the Cristais River, São Paulo, Brazil. High performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector was applied to monitor the occurrence of these dyes in: (1) the treated industrial effluent, (2) raw river water, (3) treated river water, and (4) the sludge produced by a Drinking Water Treatment Plant (DWTP) which is located 6 km downstream from the textile industrial discharge, where dyes' concentrations changed from 1.65 ng L(-1) to 316 microL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Carneiro
- Instituto de Química - University of São Paulo State - UNESP, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Aznar M, Canellas E, Nerín C. Quantitative determination of 22 primary aromatic amines by cation-exchange solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:5176-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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