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Reilly NA, Sonnet F, Dekkers KF, Kwekkeboom JC, Sinke L, Hilt S, Suleiman HM, Hoeksema MA, Mei H, van Zwet EW, Everts B, Ioan-Facsinay A, Jukema JW, Heijmans BT. Oleic acid triggers metabolic rewiring of T cells poising them for T helper 9 differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:109496. [PMID: 38558932 PMCID: PMC10981094 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are the most common immune cells in atherosclerotic plaques, and the function of T cells can be altered by fatty acids. Here, we show that pre-exposure of CD4+ T cells to oleic acid, an abundant fatty acid linked to cardiovascular events, upregulates core metabolic pathways and promotes differentiation into interleukin-9 (IL-9)-producing cells upon activation. RNA sequencing of non-activated T cells reveals that oleic acid upregulates genes encoding key enzymes responsible for cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. Transcription footprint analysis links these expression changes to the differentiation toward TH9 cells, a pro-atherogenic subset. Spectral flow cytometry shows that pre-exposure to oleic acid results in a skew toward IL-9+-producing T cells upon activation. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of either cholesterol or fatty acid biosynthesis abolishes this effect, suggesting a beneficial role for statins beyond cholesterol lowering. Taken together, oleic acid may affect inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis by rewiring T cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A. Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Friederike Sonnet
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Koen F. Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lucy Sinke
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stan Hilt
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hayat M. Suleiman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marten A. Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik W. van Zwet
- Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Everts
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andreea Ioan-Facsinay
- Department of Rheumatology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T. Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Young RSE, Flakelar CL, Narreddula VR, Jekimovs LJ, Menzel JP, Poad BLJ, Blanksby SJ. Identification of Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Stereochemistry in Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Charge-Remote Fragmentation of Fixed-Charge Derivatives. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16180-16188. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reuben S. E. Young
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clare L. Flakelar
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane 4014, Queensland, Australia
| | - Venkateswara R. Narreddula
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lachlan J. Jekimovs
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan P. Menzel
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Berwyck L. J. Poad
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
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Reilly NA, Lutgens E, Kuiper J, Heijmans BT, Jukema JW. Effects of fatty acids on T cell function: role in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:824-837. [PMID: 34253911 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T cells are among the most common cell types present in atherosclerotic plaques and are increasingly being recognized as a central mediator in atherosclerosis development and progression. At the same time, triglycerides and fatty acids have re-emerged as crucial risk factors for atherosclerosis. Triglycerides and fatty acids are important components of the milieu to which the T cell is exposed from the circulation to the plaque, and increasing evidence shows that fatty acids influence T cell function. In this Review, we discuss the effects of fatty acids on four components of the T cell response - metabolism, activation, proliferation and polarization - and the influence of these changes on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We also discuss how quiescent T cells can undergo a type of metabolic reprogramming induced by exposure to fatty acids in the circulation that influences the subsequent functions of T cells after activation, such as in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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4
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Ren H, Triebl A, Muralidharan S, Wenk MR, Xia Y, Torta F. Mapping the distribution of double bond location isomers in lipids across mouse tissues. Analyst 2021; 146:3899-3907. [PMID: 34009216 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are highly diverse and essential biomolecules in all living systems. As lipid homeostasis is often perturbed in metabolic diseases, these molecules can serve as both biomarkers and drug targets. The development of modern mass spectrometry (MS) provided the platform for large-scale lipidomic studies at the level of molecular species. Traditionally, more detailed structural information, such as the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C location, was mostly assumed instead of properly measured, though the specific isomers were indicated as potential biomarkers of cancers or cardiovascular diseases. Recent C[double bond, length as m-dash]C localization methods, including the Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction, have shown the prevalent and heterogeneous distribution of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C location in lipids across tissues. Mapping the lipidome of model animals at the level of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C position would increase the understanding of the metabolism and function of lipid isomers, facilitating clinical research. In this study, we employed an online PB reaction on a liquid chromatography-high resolution MS platform to map C[double bond, length as m-dash]C location isomers in five different murine tissues. We analyzed phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and sphingomyelins; we relatively quantified and mapped the distribution of ∼30 groups of co-existing isomers, characterized by different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation. More specifically, we performed relative quantitation of four isomers of the C16:1 fatty acyl, which included rarely reported n-10 and n-5 species besides n-9 and n-7 isomers. We showed a small variation of the isomers' relative composition among individual animals (<20%) but significant differences across different lipid species and mouse tissues. Our results provided an initial database to map alternative lipid metabolic pathways at the tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Alexander Triebl
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore. and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sneha Muralidharan
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore. and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore. and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Koenig AM, Koehler U, Hildebrandt O, Schwarzbach H, Hannemann L, Boneberg R, Heverhagen JT, Mahnken AH, Keller M, Kann PH, Deigner HP, Laur N, Kinscherf R, Hildebrandt W. The Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Skeletal Muscle Lipid Content in Obese and Nonobese Men. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab082. [PMID: 34268461 PMCID: PMC8274947 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), independently of obesity (OBS), predisposes to insulin resistance (IR) for largely unknown reasons. Because OSA-related intermittent hypoxia triggers lipolysis, overnight increases in circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) including palmitic acid (PA) may lead to ectopic intramuscular lipid accumulation potentially contributing to IR. Using 3-T-1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we therefore compared intramyocellular and extramyocellular lipid (IMCL and EMCL) in the vastus lateralis muscle at approximately 7 am between 26 male patients with moderate-to-severe OSA (17 obese, 9 nonobese) and 23 healthy male controls (12 obese, 11 nonobese). Fiber type composition was evaluated by muscle biopsies. Moreover, we measured fasted FFAs including PA, glycated hemoglobin A1c, thigh subcutaneous fat volume (ScFAT, 1.5-T magnetic resonance tomography), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Fourteen patients were reassessed after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Total FFAs and PA were significantly (by 178% and 166%) higher in OSA patients vs controls and correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (r ≥ 0.45, P < .01). Moreover, IMCL and EMCL were 55% (P < .05) and 40% (P < .05) higher in OSA patients, that is, 114% and 103% in nonobese, 24.4% and 8.4% in obese participants (with higher control levels). Overall, PA, FFAs (minus PA), and ScFAT significantly contributed to IMCL (multiple r = 0.568, P = .002). CPAP significantly decreased EMCL (–26%) and, by trend only, IMCL, total FFAs, and PA. Muscle fiber composition was unaffected by OSA or CPAP. Increases in IMCL and EMCL are detectable at approximately 7 am in OSA patients and are partly attributable to overnight FFA excesses and high ScFAT or body mass index. CPAP decreases FFAs and IMCL by trend but significantly reduces EMCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Koenig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koehler
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hildebrandt
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans Schwarzbach
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lena Hannemann
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Boneberg
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes T Heverhagen
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas H Mahnken
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Malte Keller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter H Kann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Osteology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Furtwangen University, Institute of Precision Medicine, 78054 VS-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Nico Laur
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Furtwangen University, Institute of Precision Medicine, 78054 VS-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Ralf Kinscherf
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Wulf Hildebrandt
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Li T, Guo Q, Qu Y, Li Y, Wang X, Sun Z, Wang Q. An improved gas chromatography‐based approach for characterisation of fatty acids in fresh basil seed oil. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
- Citrus Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Southwestern University Chongqing400712China
| | - Qin Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
| | - Yang Qu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
- College of Life Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830046China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
| | - Zhigao Sun
- Citrus Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Southwestern University Chongqing400712China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing100194China
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High Efficacy of Ozonated Oils on the Removal of Biofilms Produced by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Infected Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163601. [PMID: 32784722 PMCID: PMC7464232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone has a high wound healing capacity and antibacterial properties and can be used as a complementary treatment in infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is the most common pathogen found in infected diabetic foot ulcers. Most of MRSA are resistant to several classes of antibiotics and, therefore, there is a need for new, effective, and well-tolerated agents. Thus, we aimed evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potentials of ozonated vegetable oils against MRSA strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Six ozonated oils were produced with concentrations of ozone ranging from 0.53 to 17 mg of ozone/g of oil. The peroxide values were determined for each oil. Ozonated oils content on fatty acid was determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and the effect of ozonated oils on biofilm formation ability and on established biofilms was investigated. In general, the content in identified unsaturated fatty acid in oils decreased with the increase of ozonation time and, consequently, the peroxide value increased. Most bacterial strains were inhibited by ozonated oil at a concentration of 4.24 mg/g. Ozonated oils had moderate to high ability to remove adhered cells and showed a high capacity to eradicate 24 h old biofilms. Our results show promising use of ozonated oils on the treatment of infections, in particular those caused by multidrug-resistant MRSA strains.
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Lin CC, Sengee A, Mjøs SA. Minor compounds and potential interferents in gas chromatographic analyses of human serum fatty acids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1138:121963. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Wu Z, Bagarolo GI, Thoröe-Boveleth S, Jankowski J. "Lipidomics": Mass spectrometric and chemometric analyses of lipids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:294-307. [PMID: 32553782 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are ubiquitous in the human organism and play essential roles as components of cell membranes and hormones, for energy storage or as mediators of cell signaling pathways. As crucial mediators of the human metabolism, lipids are also involved in metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and renal diseases, cancer and/or hepatological and neurological disorders. With rapidly growing evidence supporting the impact of lipids on both the genesis and progression of these diseases as well as patient wellbeing, the characterization of the human lipidome has gained high interest and importance in life sciences and clinical diagnostics within the last 15 years. This is mostly due to technically advanced molecular identification and quantification methods, mainly based on mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry has become one of the most powerful tools for the identification of lipids. New lipidic mediators or biomarkers of diseases can be analysed by state-of-the art mass spectrometry techniques supported by sophisticated bioinformatics and biostatistics. The lipidomic approach has developed dramatically in the realm of life sciences and clinical diagnostics due to the available mass spectrometric methods and in particular due to the adaptation of biostatistical methods in recent years. Therefore, the current knowledge of lipid extraction methods, mass-spectrometric approaches, biostatistical data analysis, including workflows for the interpretation of lipidomic high-throughput data, are reviewed in this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Wu
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Giulia Ilaria Bagarolo
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Thoröe-Boveleth
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies for fatty acid analysis in biological samples. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 28:60-73. [PMID: 31883609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids play critical roles in biological systems. Imbalances in fatty acids are related to a variety of diseases, which makes the measurement of fatty acids in biological samples important. Many analytical strategies have been developed to investigate fatty acids in various biological samples. Due to the structural diversity of fatty acids, many factors need to be considered when developing analytical methods including extraction methods, derivatization methods, column selections, and internal standard selections. This review focused on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based methods. We reviewed several commonly used fatty acid extraction approaches, including liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase microextraction. Moreover, both acid and base derivatization methods and other specially designed methods were comprehensively reviewed, and their strengths and limitations were discussed. Having good separation efficiency is essential to building an accurate and reliable GC-MS platform for fatty acid analysis. We reviewed the separation performance of different columns and discussed the application of multidimensional GC for improving separations. The selection of internal standards was also discussed. In the final section, we introduced several biomedical studies that measured fatty acid levels in different sample matrices and provided hints on the relationships between fatty acid imbalances and diseases.
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11
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Association of serum total fatty acids with type 2 diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 500:59-68. [PMID: 31655056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a typical metabolic disease, is closely associated with serum free fatty acids. But the association between serum total fatty acids (TFAs, free fatty acids plus esterified fatty acids) and T2D has not been reported. METHODS Serum esterified fatty acids were hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and serum TFAs were extracted after acidizing. Fourteen of serum TFAs in 1,828 serum samples, including 543 controls, 655 prediabetes, and 630 T2D patients, were simultaneously quantified based on the calibration curves of 8 fatty acids using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICR MS). RESULTS Correlation analysis revealed strong correlations among serum TFAs and ratios of the TFAs in T2D patients compared with controls or prediabetes both in males and females. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that a panel including fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin type A1c, gamma-glutamyltransferase, triglyceride, C18:1, and C20:3, has a good capability to distinguish prediabetes from T2D, with the sensitivity of 87.0%, the specificity of 91.0%, and the area under curve (AUC) of 0.96. CONCLUSIONS In this study, rapid, absolute, and simultaneous quantification of serum TFAs was performed using MALDI-FTICR MS. C18:1 and C20:3 were significantly correlated with prediabetes and T2D.
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12
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Yu X, Huang S, Deng Q, Tang Y, Yao P, Tang H, Dong X. Linseed oil improves hepatic insulin resistance in obese mice through modulating mitochondrial quality control. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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13
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Azab S, Ly R, Britz-McKibbin P. Robust Method for High-Throughput Screening of Fatty Acids by Multisegment Injection-Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry with Stringent Quality Control. Anal Chem 2018; 91:2329-2336. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Azab
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Ritchie Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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14
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Cholewski M, Tomczykowa M, Tomczyk M. A Comprehensive Review of Chemistry, Sources and Bioavailability of Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1662. [PMID: 30400360 PMCID: PMC6267444 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids, one of the key building blocks of cell membranes, have been of particular interest to scientists for many years. However, only a small group of the most important omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are considered. This full-length review presents a broad and relatively complete cross-section of knowledge about omega-3 monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturates, and an outline of their modifications. This is important because all these subgroups undoubtedly play an important role in the function of organisms. Some monounsaturated omega-3s are pheromone precursors in insects. Polyunsaturates with a very long chain are commonly found in the central nervous system and mammalian testes, in sponge organisms, and are also immunomodulating agents. Numerous modifications of omega-3 acids are plant hormones. Their chemical structure, chemical binding (in triacylglycerols, phospholipids, and ethyl esters) and bioavailability have been widely discussed indicating a correlation between the last two. Particular attention is paid to the effective methods of supplementation, and a detailed list of sources of omega-3 acids is presented, with meticulous reference to the generally available food. Both the oral and parenteral routes of administration are taken into account, and the omega-3 transport through the blood-brain barrier is mentioned. Having different eating habits in mind, the interactions between food fatty acids intake are discussed. Omega-3 acids are very susceptible to oxidation, and storage conditions often lead to a dramatic increase in this exposure. Therefore, the effect of oxidation on their bioavailability is briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Cholewski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Monika Tomczykowa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
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15
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Deng Q, Wang Y, Wang C, Ji B, Cong R, Zhao L, Chen P, Zang X, Lu F, Han F, Huang F. Dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich oils protects against visible-light-induced retinal damage in vivo. Food Funct 2018; 9:2469-2479. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dietary ω-3 PUFA-rich oils protect against visible-light-induced retinal damage.
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16
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Yu X, Tang Y, Liu P, Xiao L, Liu L, Shen R, Deng Q, Yao P. Flaxseed Oil Alleviates Chronic HFD-Induced Insulin Resistance through Remodeling Lipid Homeostasis in Obese Adipose Tissue. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9635-9646. [PMID: 28988484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that higher circulating long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) levels were intimately associated with lower prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance. However, the understanding of bioactivity and potential mechanism of α-linolenic acid-rich flaxseed oil (ALA-FO) against insulin resistance was still limited. This study evaluated the effect of FO on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice focused on adipose tissue lipolysis. Mice after HFD feeding for 16 weeks (60% fat-derived calories) exhibited systemic insulin resistance, which was greatly attenuated by medium dose of FO (M-FO), paralleling with differential accumulation of ALA and its n-3 derivatives across serum lipid fractions. Moreover, M-FO was sufficient to effectively block the metabolic activation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), thereby improving adipose tissue insulin signaling. Importantly, suppression of hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α were involved in FO-mediated modulation of adipose tissue lipolysis, accompanied by specific reconstitution of n-3PUFA within adipose tissue lipid fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peiyi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruiling Shen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition , Wuhan 430062, China
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
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17
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Cruz-Hernandez C, Thakkar SK, Masserey-Elmelegy I, Buosi W, Fontannaz P, Giuffrida F. Quantification of fatty acids in erythrocytes and plasma by fast gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Whole blood glycerophospholipids in dried blood spots - a reliable marker for the fatty acid status. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 207:1-9. [PMID: 28669639 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole blood total fatty acid analysis in capillary blood has recently been proposed for fatty acid status determination, but the accuracy of this method is affected by the fast turnover of triaclyglyceride (TAG) fatty acids, the individual hematocrit and postprandial state. METHOD An established method for the glycerophospholipid (GPL) analysis in plasma was adapted for the analysis of whole blood GPL and tested in a fat challenge test. Blood samples were collected from nine participants after receiving a standardised breakfast containing 42g of sunflower oil. Whole blood GPL fatty acids were compared against whole blood total lipid, plasma TAG and phospholipid fatty acids. RESULTS All fatty acid concentrations in dried blood samples showed a coefficient of variation <5.7%. The fat challenge test induced a significant increase of TAG fatty acid concentration (mean Δ=42.3%±35.7) and whole blood total fatty acid concentration (mean Δ=5.2%±3.7) whereas whole blood GPL fatty acids were hardly changed (mean Δ=1.3%±1.6). CONCLUSION Whole blood GPL fatty acids are a robust biological marker for the fatty acid status of fasted and non-fasted subjects. The influence of very recent dietary intake on whole blood GPL is smaller than on whole blood total lipids.
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Doan CD, To CM, De Vrieze M, Lynen F, Danthine S, Brown A, Dewettinck K, Patel AR. Chemical profiling of the major components in natural waxes to elucidate their role in liquid oil structuring. Food Chem 2016; 214:717-725. [PMID: 27507530 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the composition of waxes is of utmost importance to explain their behavior in liquid oil structuring. The chemical components (hydrocarbons - HCs, free fatty acids - FFAs, free fatty alcohols - FALs and wax esters - WEs) of natural waxes were analyzed using HPLC-ELSD and GC-MS followed by evaluation of their oil structuring properties. The gel strength, including the average storage modulus and oscillation yield stress, displayed a negative correlation with FALs and a positive correlation with HCs, FFAs and WEs. The components dictating the gel strength are HCs, FFAs and WEs in a descending order of importance. The consistency of the oleogels increased with the increasing amount of FFAs and HCs and the decreasing amount of WEs and FALs. The presence of more WEs results in a strong but brittle gel with a high initial flow yield stress. We believe these results might be useful in selecting the right waxes to combine in certain fat-based food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Diem Doan
- Laboratory of Food Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Food Technology, College of Agriculture and Applied Science, Cantho University, Viet Nam.
| | - Chak Ming To
- Laboratory of Food Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mike De Vrieze
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, 281 Krijgslaan, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederic Lynen
- Separation Science Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, 281 Krijgslaan, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sabine Danthine
- Department of Food Technology, Gembloux Agricultural University, Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Allison Brown
- Laboratory of Food Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Dewettinck
- Laboratory of Food Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ashok R Patel
- Laboratory of Food Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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Christinat N, Morin-Rivron D, Masoodi M. High-Throughput Quantitative Lipidomics Analysis of Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Human Plasma. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:2228-35. [PMID: 27185515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a high-throughput, nontargeted lipidomics approach using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of nonesterified fatty acids. We applied this method to screen a wide range of fatty acids from medium-chain to very long-chain (8 to 24 carbon atoms) in human plasma samples. The method enables us to chromatographically separate branched-chain species from their straight-chain isomers as well as separate biologically important ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. We used 51 fatty acid species to demonstrate the quantitative capability of this method with quantification limits in the nanomolar range; however, this method is not limited only to these fatty acid species. High-throughput sample preparation was developed and carried out on a robotic platform that allows extraction of 96 samples simultaneously within 3 h. This high-throughput platform was used to assess the influence of different types of human plasma collection and preparation on the nonesterified fatty acid profile of healthy donors. Use of the anticoagulants EDTA and heparin has been compared with simple clotting, and only limited changes have been detected in most nonesterified fatty acid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Christinat
- Lipid Biology, Department of Gastro-Intestinal Health & Microbiome, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL , Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Morin-Rivron
- Lipid Biology, Department of Gastro-Intestinal Health & Microbiome, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL , Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mojgan Masoodi
- Lipid Biology, Department of Gastro-Intestinal Health & Microbiome, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL , Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Deng Q, Yu X, Xu J, Kou X, Zheng M, Huang F, Huang Q, Wang L. Single frequency intake of α-linolenic acid rich phytosterol esters attenuates atherosclerosis risk factors in hamsters fed a high fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:23. [PMID: 26843021 PMCID: PMC4739386 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggested phytosterol esters (PE) exhibited an advantage over naturally occurring phytosterols in reducing atherosclerosis risk factors due to improved fat solubility and compatibility. However, the effects of dietary patterns of PE on lipid-lowering activity were limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the effects of dose and frequency of α-linolenic acid rich phytosterol esters (ALA-PE) on cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism markers focused on intestinal cholesterol absorption and bioconversion of ALA in liver. Methods Dose-dependency study Male Syrian golden hamsters were fed high-fat diets (HFD) containing low, medium and high dose of ALA-PE (0.72 %, 2.13 % and 6.39 %) for 6 weeks. The high fat diet contained 89.5 % chow diet, 0.2 % cholesterol, 10 % lard and 0.3 % bile salt. Dose-frequency study Male Syrian golden hamsters were provided: (I) 0.4 mL/100 g peanut oil by gavage once a day; (II) 0.4 mL/100 g ALA-PE by gavage once a day; (III) 0.2 mL/100 g ALA-PE by gavage twice a day; (IV) 0.133 mL/100 g ALA-PE by gavage three times a day; (V) 0.1 mL/100 g ALA-PE by gavage four times a day for 6 weeks with a high-fat diet simultaneously. Results ALA-PE dose-dependently lowered plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations with a maximal decrease of 42 %, 59 % and 73 %, respectively (p < 0.05). Compared to HFD, TC, LDL-C and TG concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in hamsters consumed HFD plus ALA-PE for 1–4 times per day but there were not remarkable differences among different consumption frequencies. No significant changes in plasma antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation levels were observed among HFD and HFD plus different doses of ALA-PE groups. The contents of hepatic α-linolenic (ALA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids were dose-dependently increased in different ALA-PE groups compared to those in HFD group. The abundance of mRNA for intestinal sterol transporters Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8 indicated no significant differences among all groups. Conclusion ALA-PE dose-dependently improved lipid profile in hamsters fed HFD independent of intestinal ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1, accompanying by increased conversion of ALA to DPA and DHA in liver. ALA-PE manifested “once a day” lipid-lowering efficacy, highlighting a promising preventive strategy for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Jiqu Xu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Xiuying Kou
- Functional Oil Laboratory Associated by Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Infinite (China) Co., LTD, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Qingde Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, China.
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22
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Quercetin Attenuates Chronic Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Mitochondrial Damage through Enhanced Mitophagy. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8010027. [PMID: 26742072 PMCID: PMC4728641 DOI: 10.3390/nu8010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggested mitophagy activation mitigates ethanol-induced liver injury. However, the effect of ethanol on mitophagy is inconsistent. Importantly, the understanding of mitophagy status after chronic ethanol consumption is limited. This study evaluated the effect of quercetin, a naturally-occurring flavonoid, on chronic ethanol-induced mitochondrial damage focused on mitophagy. An ethanol regime to mice for 15 weeks (accounting for 30% of total calories) led to significant mitochondrial damage as evidenced by changes of the mitochondrial ultrastructure, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and remodeling of membrane lipid composition, which was greatly attenuated by quercetin (100 mg/kg.bw). Moreover, quercetin blocked chronic ethanol-induced mitophagy suppression as denoted by mitophagosomes-lysosome fusion and mitophagy-related regulator elements, including LC3II, Parkin, p62 and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), paralleling with increased FoxO3a nuclear translocation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), instead of AKT and Sirtuin 1, were involved in quercetin-mediated mitophagy activation. Quercetin alleviated ethanol-elicited mitochondrial damage through enhancing mitophagy, highlighting a promising preventive strategy for alcoholic liver disease.
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23
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Zhang M, Yang X, Zhao H, Dong A, Wang J, Liu G, Wang P, Cheng C, Zhang H. A quick method for routine analysis of C18 trans fatty acids in non-hydrogenated edible vegetable oils by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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de la Garza Puentes A, Montes Goyanes R, Chisaguano Tonato AM, Castellote AI, Moreno-Torres R, Campoy Folgoso C, López-Sabater MC. Evaluation of less invasive methods to assess fatty acids from phospholipid fraction: cheek cell and capillary blood sampling. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:936-42. [PMID: 26515049 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasma is the most commonly employed matrix for analyzing fatty acids (FAs), but its extraction is not well accepted in the infant population. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cheek cells and capillary blood as alternatives to plasma sampling for FA analysis and to standardize the methodology. Samples were obtained from 20 children who underwent lipid extraction, phospholipid isolation by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) in a 96-well plate, methylation, and analysis by fast gas chromatography (GC). A positive correlation was found for most of the FAs, especially long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), in cheek cells and capillary blood versus plasma samples (r = 0.32-0.99). No differences were found in the levels of n-6: n-3 PUFA and n-6: n-3 LC-PUFA ratios between cheek cells and capillary blood. These two proposed samples can therefore be used as alternatives to plasma sampling for phospholipid FA analysis, especially LC-PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea de la Garza Puentes
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Science , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rosa Montes Goyanes
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Science , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain .,b CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid , Spain , and
| | | | - Ana Isabel Castellote
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Science , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain .,b CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid , Spain , and
| | - Rosario Moreno-Torres
- c EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Cristina Campoy Folgoso
- c EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - M Carmen López-Sabater
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Science , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain .,b CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III , Madrid , Spain , and
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25
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Fang M, Ivanisevic J, Benton HP, Johnson CH, Patti GJ, Hoang LT, Uritboonthai W, Kurczy ME, Siuzdak G. Thermal Degradation of Small Molecules: A Global Metabolomic Investigation. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10935-41. [PMID: 26434689 PMCID: PMC4633772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Thermal processes are widely used
in small molecule chemical analysis
and metabolomics for derivatization, vaporization, chromatography,
and ionization, especially in gas chromatography mass spectrometry
(GC/MS). In this study the effect of heating was examined on a set
of 64 small molecule standards and, separately, on human plasma metabolite
extracts. The samples, either derivatized or underivatized, were heated
at three different temperatures (60, 100, and 250 °C) at different
exposure times (30 s, 60 s, and 300 s). All the samples were analyzed
by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
(LC/MS) and the data processed by XCMS Online (xcmsonline.scripps.edu). The results showed that heating at an elevated temperature of
100 °C had an appreciable effect on both the underivatized and
derivatized molecules, and heating at 250 °C created substantial
changes in the profile. For example, over 40% of the molecular peaks
were altered in the plasma metabolite analysis after heating (250
°C, 300s) with a significant formation of degradation and transformation
products. The analysis of 64 small molecule standards validated the
temperature-induced changes observed on the plasma metabolites, where
most of the small molecules degraded at elevated temperatures even
after minimal exposure times (30 s). For example, tri- and diorganophosphates
(e.g., adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate) were readily
degraded into a mono-organophosphate (e.g., adenosine monophosphate)
during heating. Nucleosides and nucleotides (e.g., inosine and inosine
monophosphate) were also found to be transformed into purine derivatives
(e.g., hypoxanthine). A newly formed transformation product, oleoyl
ethyl amide, was identified in both the underivatized and derivatized
forms of the plasma extracts and small molecule standard mixture,
and was likely generated from oleic acid. Overall these analyses show
that small molecules and metabolites undergo significant time-sensitive
alterations when exposed to elevated temperatures, especially those
conditions that mimic sample preparation and analysis in GC/MS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Fang
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne , Rue du Bugnon 19, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Paul Benton
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Gary J Patti
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis , One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Linh T Hoang
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Winnie Uritboonthai
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael E Kurczy
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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26
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Mendoza LG, González-Álvarez J, Gonzalo CF, Arias-Abrodo P, Altava B, Luis SV, Burguete MI, Gutiérrez-Álvarez MD. Gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters of milk fat by an ionic liquid derived from L-phenylalanine as the stationary phase. Talanta 2015; 143:212-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Ukolov AI, Orlova TI, Savel’eva EI, Radilov AS. Chromatographic–mass spectrometric determination of free fatty acids in blood plasma and urine using extractive alkylation. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815090178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Simple Methodology for the Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Human Red Blood Cells. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Vyviurska O, Jánošková N, Jakubík T, Špánik I. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Different Types of Vegetable Oils. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Marshall KE, Thomas RH, Roxin A, Chen EKY, Brown JCL, Gillies ER, Sinclair BJ. Seasonal accumulation of acetylated triacylglycerols by a freeze-tolerant insect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 217:1580-7. [PMID: 24790101 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.099838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Most animals store energy as long-chain triacylglycerols (lcTAGs). Trace amounts of acetylated triacylglycerols (acTAGs) have been reported in animals, but are not accumulated, likely because they have lower energy density than lcTAGs. Here we report that acTAGs comprise 36% of the neutral lipid pool of overwintering prepupae of the goldenrod gall fly, Eurosta solidaginis, while only 17% of the neutral lipid pool is made up of typical lcTAGs. These high concentrations of acTAGs, present only during winter, appear to be synthesized by E. solidaginis and are not found in other freeze-tolerant insects, nor in the plant host. The mixture of acTAGs found in E. solidaginis has a significantly lower melting point than equivalent lcTAGs, and thus remains liquid at temperatures at which E. solidaginis is frozen in the field, and depresses the melting point of aqueous solutions in a manner unusual for neutral lipids. We note that accumulation of acTAGs coincides with preparation for overwintering and the seasonal acquisition of freeze tolerance. This is the first observation of accumulation of acTAGs by an animal, and the first evidence of dynamic interconversion between acTAGs and lcTAGs during development and in response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Marshall
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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31
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Khedr A, Hegazy M, Kamal A, Shehata MA. Profiling of esterified fatty acids as biomarkers in the blood of dengue fever patients using a microliter-scale extraction followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:316-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Khedr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hegazy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A. Shehata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
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GC-EI-MS Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition in Brain and Serum of Twitcher Mouse. Lipids 2014; 49:1115-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lin YH, Hanson JA, Strandjord SE, Salem NM, Dretsch MN, Haub MD, Hibbeln JR. Fast transmethylation of total lipids in dried blood by microwave irradiation and its application to a population study. Lipids 2014; 49:839-51. [PMID: 24986160 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A methodology combining finger-pricked blood sampling, microwave accelerated fatty acid assay, fast gas chromatography data acquisition, and automated data processing was developed, evaluated and applied to a population study. Finger-pricked blood was collected on filter paper previously impregnated with 0.05 mg of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene and air-dried at room temperature. Transmethylation was accelerated by microwave irradiation in an explosion-proof multimode microwave reaction system. The chemical procedure was based on a one-step direct transmethylation procedure catalyzed by acetyl chloride. The short-term stability of PUFA in blood dried on filter paper and storage at room temperature was examined using venous blood. The recoveries ranged from 97 to 101 % for the categorized fatty acids as well as the ratios of n-6 to n-3 PUFA and the n-3 % highly unsaturated fatty acid. Specifically, recoveries were 99, 98, 97, and 97 % for linoleic acid (18:2n-6), arachidonic acid (ARA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. The mol% (mean ± SD, 95 % confidence interval) of fatty acid composition in subjects from the population study was determined as 36.2 ± 3.8 (35.8, 36.7), 23.2 ± 3.0 (22.8, 23.5), 36.8 ± 3.5 (36.4, 37.2) and 3.79 ± 1.0 (3.68, 3.91) for the saturated, monounsaturated, n-6 and n-3 PUFA, respectively. Individually, the mean mol% (95 % CI) was 22.6 (22.3, 22.9) for 18:2n-6, 9.5 (9.3, 9.7) for ARA, 0.51 (0.49, 0.53) for ALA, 0.42 (0.38, 0.47) for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and 1.67 (1.61, 1.73) for DHA. This methodology provides an accelerated yet high-efficiency, chemically safe, and temperature-controlled transmethylation, with diverse laboratory applications including population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong Lin
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA,
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Santos S, Oliveira A, Pinho C, Casal S, Lopes C. Fatty acids derived from a food frequency questionnaire and measured in the erythrocyte membrane in relation to adiponectin and leptin concentrations. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:555-60. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Yang Z, Hollebone BP, Wang Z, Yang C, Brown C, Landriault M. Method development for forensic identification of biodiesel based on chemical fingerprints and corresponding diagnostic ratios. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 234:86-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Development of lipidomic platform and phosphatidylcholine retention time index for lipid profiling of rosuvastatin treated human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 944:157-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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37
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Sandra K, Sandra P. Lipidomics from an analytical perspective. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 17:847-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Bollinger JG, Naika GS, Rohan G, Sadilek M, Gelb MH. LC/ESI-MS/MS detection of FAs by charge reversal derivatization with more than four orders of magnitude improvement in sensitivity. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:3523-30. [PMID: 23945566 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of fatty acids (FAs) is an important area of analytical biochemistry. Ultra high sensitivity FA analysis usually is done with gas chromatography of pentafluorobenzyl esters coupled to an electron-capture detector. With the popularity of electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometers coupled to liquid chromatography, it would be convenient to develop a method for ultra high sensitivity FA detection using this equipment. Although FAs can be analyzed by ESI in negative ion mode, this method is not very sensitive. In this study, we demonstrate a new method of FA analysis based on conversion of the carboxylic acid to an amide bearing a permanent positive charge, N-(4-aminomethylphenyl)pyridinium (AMPP) combined with analysis on a reverse-phase liquid chromatography column coupled to an ESI mass spectrometer operating in positive ion mode. This leads to an ∼60,000-fold increase in sensitivity compared with the same method carried out with underivatized FAs. The new method is about 10-fold more sensitive than the existing method of gas chromatography/electron-capture mass spectrometry of FA pentafluorobenzyl esters. Furthermore, significant fragmentation of the precursor ions in the nontag portion improves analytical specificity. We show that a large number of FA molecular species can be analyzed with this method in complex biological samples such as mouse serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Bollinger
- Departments of Chemistry and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Zhang L, Tang C, Cao D, Zeng Y, Tan B, Zeng M, Fan W, Xiao H, Liang Y. Strategies for structure elucidation of small molecules using gas chromatography-mass spectrometric data. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Novel methodologies for assessing omega-3 fatty acid status - a systematic review. Br J Nutr 2012; 107 Suppl 2:S53-63. [PMID: 22591903 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512001468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status became of special interest for scientists. Biochemical measures on the n-3 fatty acid status vary depending on body compartment assessed and measures chosen. Plasma phospholipids and red blood cell membrane phospholipids are mainly used as n-3 fatty acid status marker. The conventional analysis of phospholipid fatty acids involves lipid extraction and consecutive chromatographic separation of phospholipids from other lipid fractions, which is time-consuming and costly. In recent years, different investigators have tried to overcome these limitations by using other biological markers or by modifying the analytical procedures used to assess n-3 fatty acid status. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview on these novel analytical methods developed for the fatty acid quantification by gas chromatography, highlights the methodological limitations, and discusses advantages or disadvantages of the biological markers used. Seventeen papers were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. New opportunities arise from sensitive and precise high-throughput methodologies for assessment of plasma total lipid and plasma glycerophospholipid fatty acids, as well as cheek cell fatty acid composition.
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41
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Zhang L, Tan B, Zeng M, Lu H, Liang Y. Establishment of reliable mass spectra and retention indices library: Identification of fatty acids in human plasma without authentic standards. Talanta 2012; 88:311-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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t'Kindt R, Jorge L, Dumont E, Couturon P, David F, Sandra P, Sandra K. Profiling and characterizing skin ceramides using reversed-phase liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 84:403-11. [PMID: 22111752 DOI: 10.1021/ac202646v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An LC-MS based method for the profiling and characterization of ceramide species in the upper layer of human skin is described. Ceramide samples, collected by tape stripping of human skin, were analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry operated in both positive and negative electrospray ionization mode. All known classes of ceramides could be measured in a repeatable manner. Furthermore, the data set showed several undiscovered ceramides, including a class with four hydroxyl functionalities in its sphingoid base. High-resolution MS/MS fragmentation spectra revealed that each identified ceramide species is composed of several skeletal isomers due to variation in carbon length of the respective sphingoid bases and fatty acyl building blocks. The resulting variety in skeletal isomers has not been previously demonstrated. It is estimated that over 1000 unique ceramide structures could be elucidated in human stratum corneum. Ceramide species with an even and odd number of carbon atoms in both chains were detected in all ceramide classes. Acid hydrolysis of the ceramides, followed by LC-MS analysis of the end-products, confirmed the observed distribution of both sphingoid bases and fatty acyl groups in skin ceramides. The study resulted in an accurate mass retention time library for targeted profiling of skin ceramides. It is furthermore demonstrated that targeted data processing results in an improved repeatability versus untargeted data processing (72.92% versus 62.12% of species display an RSD < 15%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben t'Kindt
- Metablys, President Kennedypark 26, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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43
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Improved Separation of Fame Isomers Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. Application to Broccoli Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-011-9330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with capillary flow modulation to separate FAME isomers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4952-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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45
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Gu Q, David F, Lynen F, Vanormelingen P, Vyverman W, Rumpel K, Xu G, Sandra P. Evaluation of ionic liquid stationary phases for one dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatographic analyses of fatty acids in marine biota. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3056-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Trufelli H, Famiglini G, Termopoli V, Cappiello A. Profiling of non-esterified fatty acids in human plasma using liquid chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:2933-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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47
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Psychogios N, Hau DD, Peng J, Guo AC, Mandal R, Bouatra S, Sinelnikov I, Krishnamurthy R, Eisner R, Gautam B, Young N, Xia J, Knox C, Dong E, Huang P, Hollander Z, Pedersen TL, Smith SR, Bamforth F, Greiner R, McManus B, Newman JW, Goodfriend T, Wishart DS. The human serum metabolome. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16957. [PMID: 21359215 PMCID: PMC3040193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1179] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuing improvements in analytical technology along with an increased interest in performing comprehensive, quantitative metabolic profiling, is leading to increased interest pressures within the metabolomics community to develop centralized metabolite reference resources for certain clinically important biofluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. As part of an ongoing effort to systematically characterize the human metabolome through the Human Metabolome Project, we have undertaken the task of characterizing the human serum metabolome. In doing so, we have combined targeted and non-targeted NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS methods with computer-aided literature mining to identify and quantify a comprehensive, if not absolutely complete, set of metabolites commonly detected and quantified (with today's technology) in the human serum metabolome. Our use of multiple metabolomics platforms and technologies allowed us to substantially enhance the level of metabolome coverage while critically assessing the relative strengths and weaknesses of these platforms or technologies. Tables containing the complete set of 4229 confirmed and highly probable human serum compounds, their concentrations, related literature references and links to their known disease associations are freely available at http://www.serummetabolome.ca.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David D. Hau
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - An Chi Guo
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Rupasri Mandal
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Souhaila Bouatra
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Igor Sinelnikov
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Roman Eisner
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Bijaya Gautam
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Nelson Young
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Craig Knox
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Edison Dong
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Paul Huang
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zsuzsanna Hollander
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and the NCE CECR Centre of Excellence for Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF Centre), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Theresa L. Pedersen
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Steven R. Smith
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Fiona Bamforth
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Russ Greiner
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Bruce McManus
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and the NCE CECR Centre of Excellence for Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF Centre), Vancouver, Canada
| | - John W. Newman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Theodore Goodfriend
- Veterans Administration Hospital and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - David S. Wishart
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- National Institute for Nanotechnology, Edmonton, Canada
- * E-mail:
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48
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Drexler DM, Reily MD, Shipkova PA. Advances in mass spectrometry applied to pharmaceutical metabolomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2645-53. [PMID: 21107980 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics, also referred to in the literature as metabonomics, is a relatively new systems biology tool for drug discovery and development and is increasingly being used to obtain a detailed picture of a drug's effect on the body. Metabolomics is the qualitative assessment and relative or absolute quantitative measurement of the endogenous metabolome, defined as the complement of all native small molecules (metabolites less than 1,500 Da). A metabolomics study frequently involves the comparative analysis of sample sets from a normal state and a perturbed state, where the perturbation can be of any nature, such as genetic knockout, administration of a drug, or change in diet or lifestyle. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS) technologies including direct introduction or in-line chromatographic separation modes, ionization techniques, mass analyzers, and detection methods have provided powerful tools to assess the molecular changes in the metabolome. This review focuses on advances in MS pertaining to the analytical data generation for the main metabolomics methods, namely, fingerprinting, nontargeted, and targeted approaches, as they are applied to pharmaceutical drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter M Drexler
- Research and Development - Discovery Analytical Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA.
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49
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Bou Khalil M, Hou W, Zhou H, Elisma F, Swayne LA, Blanchard AP, Yao Z, Bennett SAL, Figeys D. Lipidomics era: accomplishments and challenges. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:877-929. [PMID: 20931646 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid mediators participate in signal transduction pathways, proliferation, apoptosis, and membrane trafficking in the cell. Lipids are highly complex and diverse owing to the various combinations of polar headgroups, fatty acyl chains, and backbone structures. This structural diversity continues to pose a challenge for lipid analysis. Here we review the current state of the art in lipidomics research and discuss the challenges facing this field. The latest technological developments in mass spectrometry, the role of bioinformatics, and the applications of lipidomics in lipid metabolism and cellular physiology and pathology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
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50
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Nie H, Liu R, Yang Y, Bai Y, Guan Y, Qian D, Wang T, Liu H. Lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers by online normal- and reversed-phase 2D LC QToF-MS. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:2833-44. [PMID: 20526000 PMCID: PMC2918466 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d007567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An online, two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography (LC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QToF-MS) method was developed for lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers, in which the lipid classes and species could be simultaneously separated in one injection with a significantly increased sensitivity. Different lipid classes were separated on a normal-phase column in the first dimension and lipid molecular species were separated on a reversed-phase column in the second dimension, so that the ion suppression effects were reduced while the detection sensitivity was improved. Identified were 721 endogenous lipid species from 12 lipid classes, in which 415 structures were confirmed using tandem mass spectra, and the other 306 lipid molecular species were identified by accurate masses. The linearity, limit of detection, and repeatability were all satisfactory. The method was applied to the investigation of the lipid changes in rat peritoneal surface layer after peritoneal dialysis, and 32 potential lipid biomarkers were identified, as their concentrations in the dosed group were 2.2-12.5 times of those in the control group. The results revealed that this 2D LC-MS system was a promising tool for lipid profiling of complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Guan
- Department of Instrumental and Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daqing Qian
- Department of Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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