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Bak DW, Weerapana E. Proteomic strategies to interrogate the FeS proteome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024:119791. [PMID: 38925478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Iron‑sulfur (FeS) clusters, inorganic cofactors composed of iron and sulfide, participate in numerous essential redox, non-redox, structural, and regulatory biological processes within the cell. Though structurally and functionally diverse, the list of all proteins in an organism capable of binding one or more FeS clusters is referred to as its FeS proteome. Importantly, the FeS proteome is highly dynamic, with continuous cluster synthesis and delivery by complex FeS cluster biogenesis pathways. This cluster delivery is balanced out by processes that can result in loss of FeS cluster binding, such as redox state changes, iron availability, and oxygen sensitivity. Despite continued expansion of the FeS protein catalogue, it remains a challenge to reliably identify novel FeS proteins. As such, high-throughput techniques that can report on native FeS cluster binding are required to both identify new FeS proteins, as well as characterize the in vivo dynamics of FeS cluster binding. Due to the recent rapid growth in mass spectrometry, proteomics, and chemical biology, there has been a host of techniques developed that are applicable to the study of native FeS proteins. This review will detail both the current understanding of the FeS proteome and FeS cluster biology as well as describing state-of-the-art proteomic strategies for the study of FeS clusters within the context of a native proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States of America.
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States of America.
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2
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Marszalek J, Craig EA, Pitek M, Dutkiewicz R. Chaperone function in Fe-S protein biogenesis: Three possible scenarios. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119717. [PMID: 38574821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Among the six known iron‑sulfur (FeS) cluster biogenesis machineries that function across all domains of life only one involves a molecular chaperone system. This machinery, called ISC for 'iron sulfur cluster', functions in bacteria and in mitochondria of eukaryotes including humans. The chaperone system - a dedicated J-domain protein co-chaperone termed Hsc20 and its Hsp70 partner - is essential for proper ISC machinery function, interacting with the scaffold protein IscU which serves as a platform for cluster assembly and subsequent transfer onto recipient apo-proteins. Despite many years of research, surprisingly little is known about the specific role(s) that the chaperones play in the ISC machinery. Here we review three non-exclusive scenarios that range from involvement of the chaperones in the cluster transfer to regulation of the cellular levels of IscU itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Marszalek
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Elizabeth A Craig
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America.
| | - Marcin Pitek
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Rafal Dutkiewicz
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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3
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Maio N, Heffner AL, Rouault TA. Iron‑sulfur clusters in viral proteins: Exploring their elusive nature, roles and new avenues for targeting infections. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119723. [PMID: 38599324 PMCID: PMC11139609 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Viruses have evolved complex mechanisms to exploit host factors for replication and assembly. In response, host cells have developed strategies to block viruses, engaging in a continuous co-evolutionary battle. This dynamic interaction often revolves around the competition for essential resources necessary for both host cell and virus replication. Notably, iron, required for the biosynthesis of several cofactors, including iron‑sulfur (FeS) clusters, represents a critical element in the ongoing competition for resources between infectious agents and host. Although several recent studies have identified FeS cofactors at the core of virus replication machineries, our understanding of their specific roles and the cellular processes responsible for their incorporation into viral proteins remains limited. This review aims to consolidate our current knowledge of viral components that have been characterized as FeS proteins and elucidate how viruses harness these versatile cofactors to their benefit. Its objective is also to propose that viruses may depend on incorporation of FeS cofactors more extensively than is currently known. This has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of viral replication, thereby carrying significant implications for the development of strategies to target infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Audrey L Heffner
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Liu G, Hou Y, Jin X, Zhang Y, Sun C, Huang C, Ren Y, Gao J, Wang X, Jiang X. PI3K/HSCB axis facilitates FOG1 nuclear translocation to promote erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. eLife 2024; 13:RP95815. [PMID: 38757931 PMCID: PMC11101173 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis are stringently regulated by signaling pathways. However, the precise molecular mechanisms through which signaling pathways regulate key transcription factors controlling erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis remain partially understood. Herein, we identified heat shock cognate B (HSCB), which is well known for its iron-sulfur cluster delivery function, as an indispensable protein for friend of GATA 1 (FOG1) nuclear translocation during erythropoiesis of K562 human erythroleukemia cells and cord-blood-derived human CD34+CD90+hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), as well as during megakaryopoiesis of the CD34+CD90+HSCs. Mechanistically, HSCB could be phosphorylated by phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) to bind with and mediate the proteasomal degradation of transforming acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3 (TACC3), which otherwise detained FOG1 in the cytoplasm, thereby facilitating FOG1 nuclear translocation. Given that PI3K is activated during both erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis, and that FOG1 is a key transcription factor for these processes, our findings elucidate an important, previously unrecognized iron-sulfur cluster delivery independent function of HSCB in erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yunxuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yixue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chaoyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chengquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yujie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jianmin Gao
- School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xiuli Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xiumei Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
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Vallières C, Benoit O, Guittet O, Huang ME, Lepoivre M, Golinelli-Cohen MP, Vernis L. Iron-sulfur protein odyssey: exploring their cluster functional versatility and challenging identification. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae025. [PMID: 38744662 PMCID: PMC11138216 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are an essential and ubiquitous class of protein-bound prosthetic centers that are involved in a broad range of biological processes (e.g. respiration, photosynthesis, DNA replication and repair and gene regulation) performing a wide range of functions including electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, and sensing. In a general manner, Fe-S clusters can gain or lose electrons through redox reactions, and are highly sensitive to oxidation, notably by small molecules such as oxygen and nitric oxide. The [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters, the most common Fe-S cofactors, are typically coordinated by four amino acid side chains from the protein, usually cysteine thiolates, but other residues (e.g. histidine, aspartic acid) can also be found. While diversity in cluster coordination ensures the functional variety of the Fe-S clusters, the lack of conserved motifs makes new Fe-S protein identification challenging especially when the Fe-S cluster is also shared between two proteins as observed in several dimeric transcriptional regulators and in the mitoribosome. Thanks to the recent development of in cellulo, in vitro, and in silico approaches, new Fe-S proteins are still regularly identified, highlighting the functional diversity of this class of proteins. In this review, we will present three main functions of the Fe-S clusters and explain the difficulties encountered to identify Fe-S proteins and methods that have been employed to overcome these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Vallières
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Orane Benoit
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Olivier Guittet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Meng-Er Huang
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Michel Lepoivre
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Golinelli-Cohen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
| | - Laurence Vernis
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex 91198, France
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Dohnálek V, Doležal P. Installation of LYRM proteins in early eukaryotes to regulate the metabolic capacity of the emerging mitochondrion. Open Biol 2024; 14:240021. [PMID: 38772414 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Core mitochondrial processes such as the electron transport chain, protein translation and the formation of Fe-S clusters (ISC) are of prokaryotic origin and were present in the bacterial ancestor of mitochondria. In animal and fungal models, a family of small Leu-Tyr-Arg motif-containing proteins (LYRMs) uniformly regulates the function of mitochondrial complexes involved in these processes. The action of LYRMs is contingent upon their binding to the acylated form of acyl carrier protein (ACP). This study demonstrates that LYRMs are structurally and evolutionarily related proteins characterized by a core triplet of α-helices. Their widespread distribution across eukaryotes suggests that 12 specialized LYRMs were likely present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor to regulate the assembly and folding of the subunits that are conserved in bacteria but that lack LYRM homologues. The secondary reduction of mitochondria to anoxic environments has rendered the function of LYRMs and their interaction with acylated ACP dispensable. Consequently, these findings strongly suggest that early eukaryotes installed LYRMs in aerobic mitochondria as orchestrated switches, essential for regulating core metabolism and ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Dohnálek
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV , Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Doležal
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV , Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
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7
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Zhan J, Jin K, Xie R, Fan J, Tang Y, Chen C, Li H, Wang DW. AGO2 Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Activating Mitochondrial Gene Translation. Circulation 2024; 149:1102-1120. [PMID: 38126189 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is associated with cardiovascular complications. microRNAs translocate into subcellular organelles to modify genes involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, functional properties of subcellular AGO2 (Argonaute2), a core member of miRNA machinery, remain elusive. METHODS We elucidated the function and mechanism of subcellular localized AGO2 on mouse models for diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Recombinant adeno-associated virus type 9 was used to deliver AGO2 to mice through the tail vein. Cardiac structure and functions were assessed by echocardiography and catheter manometer system. RESULTS AGO2 was decreased in mitochondria of diabetic cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of mitochondrial AGO2 attenuated diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. AGO2 recruited TUFM, a mitochondria translation elongation factor, to activate translation of electron transport chain subunits and decrease reactive oxygen species. Malonylation, a posttranslational modification of AGO2, reduced the importing of AGO2 into mitochondria in diabetic cardiomyopathy. AGO2 malonylation was regulated by a cytoplasmic-localized short isoform of SIRT3 through a previously unknown demalonylase function. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the SIRT3-AGO2-CYTB axis links glucotoxicity to cardiac electron transport chain imbalance, providing new mechanistic insights and the basis to develop mitochondria targeting therapies for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabing Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fujian Medical University, China (J.Z.)
| | - Kunying Jin
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Rong Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Yuyan Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.Z., K.J., R.X., J.F., Y.T., C.C., H.L., D.W.W.)
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8
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Shinde A, Chandak N, Singh J, Roy M, Mane M, Tang X, Vasiyani H, Currim F, Gohel D, Shukla S, Goyani S, Saranga MV, Brindley DN, Singh R. TNF-α induced NF-κB mediated LYRM7 expression modulates the tumor growth and metastatic ability in breast cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 211:158-170. [PMID: 38104742 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors including breast cancer is complex and contains a distinct cytokine pattern including TNF-α, which determines the progression and metastasis of breast tumors. The metastatic potential of triple negative breast cancer subtypes is high as compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. NF-κB is key transcription factor regulating inflammation and mitochondrial bioenergetics including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes which determine its oxidative capacity and generating reducing equivalents for synthesis of key metabolites for proliferating breast cancer cells. The differential metabolic adaptation and OXPHOS function of breast cancer subtypes in inflammatory conditions and its contribution to metastasis is not well understood. Here we demonstrated that different subunits of NF-κB are differentially expressed in subtypes of breast cancer patients. RELA, one of the major subunits in regulation of the NF-κB pathway is positively correlated with high level of TNF-α in breast cancer patients. TNF-α induced NF-κB regulates the expression of LYRM7, an assembly factor for mitochondrial complex III. Downregulation of LYRM7 in MDA-MB-231 cells decreases mitochondrial super complex assembly and enhances ROS levels, which increases the invasion and migration potential of these cells. Further, in vivo studies using Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α showed decreased expression of LYRM7 in tumor tissue. Large scale breast cancer databases and human patient samples revealed that LYRM7 levels decreased in triple negative breast cancer patients compared to other subtypes and is determinant of survival outcome in patients. Our results indicate that TNF-α induced NF-κB is a critical regulator of LYRM7, a major factor for modulating mitochondrial functions under inflammatory conditions, which determines growth and survival of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Shinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nisha Chandak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Milton Roy
- Institute for Cell Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, MRB 731, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Xiaoyun Tang
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA-23284, USA
| | - Fatema Currim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Shatakshi Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Shanikumar Goyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - M V Saranga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - David N Brindley
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University (BHU) (IoE), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
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9
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Qiu J, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Guo Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Wang D, Su J, Wang S, Ni M, Xu S, Yu J, Hu T, Song G, Ma X, Gu X, Wang J, Xu L. Transferrin receptor levels and its rare variant are associated with human obesity. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13467. [PMID: 37646182 PMCID: PMC10809288 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Iron homeostasis is critical for functional respiratory chain complex of mitochondrial, thus potentially contributing to fat biology and energy homeostasis. Transferrin receptor (Tfrc) binds to transferrin for extracellular iron uptake and is recently reported to be involved in brown fat development and functionality. However, whether TFRC levels and variants are associated with human obesity is unknown. METHODS To investigate the association of TFRC levels and variants with human obesity, fat biopsies were obtained from surgery. Exon-sequencing and genetic assessments were conducted of a case-control study. For TFRC levels assessment in fat biopsy, 9 overweight and 12 lean subjects were involved. For genetic study, obese (n = 1271) and lean subjects (n = 1455) were involved. TFRC levels were compared in abdominal mesenteric fat of pheochromocytoma patients versus control subjects, and overweight versus lean subjects. For genetic study, whole-exome sequencing of obese and matched control subjects were conducted and analyzed. In addition, the possible disruption in protein stability of TFRC variant was assessed by structural and molecular analysis. RESULTS TFRC levels are increased in human browning adipose tissue and decreased in fat of overweight patients. Besides, TFRC levels are negatively correlated with body mass index and positively correlated with uncoupling protein 1 levels. Furthermore, a rare heterozygous missense variant p.I337V in TFRC shows a tendency to enrich in obese subjects. Structural and functional study reveals impaired protein stability of the TFRC variant compared to wild-type. CONCLUSIONS Reduced TFRC levels and its rare variant p.I337V with protein instability are associated with human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yepeng Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yuhan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Caizhi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanru Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junlei Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Sainan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengshan Ni
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Sainan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Gaojie Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
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10
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Arp NL, Seim GL, Votava JA, Josephson J, Fan J. Reactive nitrogen species inhibit branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex and impact muscle cell metabolism. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105333. [PMID: 37827290 PMCID: PMC10656228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) is the rate-limiting enzyme in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, a metabolic pathway with great importance for human health. BCKDC belongs to the mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex family, which also includes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Here, we revealed that BCKDC can be substantially inhibited by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) via a mechanism similar to what we recently discovered with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex-RNS can cause inactivating covalent modifications of the lipoic arm on its E2 subunit. In addition, we showed that such reaction between RNS and the lipoic arm of the E2 subunit can further promote inhibition of the E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. We examined the impacts of this RNS-mediated BCKDC inhibition in muscle cells, an important site of BCAA metabolism, and demonstrated that the nitric oxide production induced by cytokine stimulation leads to a strong inhibition of BCKDC activity and BCAA oxidation in myotubes and myoblasts. More broadly, nitric oxide production reduced the level of functional lipoic arms across the multiple α-ketoacid dehydrogenases and led to intracellular accumulation of their substrates (α-ketoacids), decrease of their products (acyl-CoAs), and a lower cellular energy charge. In sum, this work revealed a new mechanism for BCKDC regulation, demonstrated that RNS can generally inhibit all α-ketoacid dehydrogenases, which has broad physiological implications across multiple cell types, and elucidated the mechanistic connection between RNS-driven inhibitory modifications on the E2 and E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gretchen L Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James A Votava
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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11
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Palmieri EM, Holewinski R, McGinity CL, Pierri CL, Maio N, Weiss JM, Tragni V, Miranda KM, Rouault TA, Andresson T, Wink DA, McVicar DW. Pyruvate dehydrogenase operates as an intramolecular nitroxyl generator during macrophage metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5114. [PMID: 37607904 PMCID: PMC10444860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
M1 macrophages enter a glycolytic state when endogenous nitric oxide (NO) reprograms mitochondrial metabolism by limiting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Here, we provide evidence that NO targets the PDH complex by using lipoate to generate nitroxyl (HNO). PDH E2-associated lipoate is modified in NO-rich macrophages while the PDH E3 enzyme, also known as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), is irreversibly inhibited. Mechanistically, we show that lipoate facilitates NO-mediated production of HNO, which interacts with thiols forming irreversible modifications including sulfinamide. In addition, we reveal a macrophage signature of proteins with reduction-resistant modifications, including in DLD, and identify potential HNO targets. Consistently, DLD enzyme is modified in an HNO-dependent manner at Cys477 and Cys484, and molecular modeling and mutagenesis show these modifications impair the formation of DLD homodimers. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that HNO is produced physiologically. Moreover, the production of HNO is dependent on the lipoate-rich PDH complex facilitating irreversible modifications that are critical to NO-dependent metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Palmieri
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ronald Holewinski
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | | | - Ciro L Pierri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan M Weiss
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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12
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Arp NL, Seim G, Josephson J, Fan J. Reactive nitrogen species inhibit branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex and impact muscle cell metabolism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.551364. [PMID: 37577551 PMCID: PMC10418113 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.551364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) is the rate limiting enzyme in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, a metabolic pathway with great importance for human health. BCKDC belongs to the mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex family, which also includes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC). Here we revealed that BCKDC can be substantially inhibited by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) via a mechanism similar to what we recently discovered with PDHC and OGDC - modifying the lipoic arm on its E2 subunit. In addition, we showed that such reaction between RNS and the lipoic arm of the E2 subunit can further promote inhibition of the E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. We examined the impacts of this RNS-mediated BCKDC inhibition in muscle cells, an important site of BCAA metabolism, and demonstrated that the nitric oxide production induced by cytokine stimulation leads to a strong inhibition of BCKDC activity and BCAA oxidation in myotubes and myoblasts. More broadly, nitric oxide production reduced the level of functional lipoic arms across the multiple α-ketoacid dehydrogenases and led to intracellular accumulation of their substrates (α-ketoacids), reduction of their products (acyl-CoAs), and a lower cellular energy charge. This work revealed a new mechanism for BCKDC regulation, demonstrated its biological significance, and elucidated the mechanistic connection between RNS-driven inhibitory modifications on the E2 and E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenases. Together with previous work, we revealed a general mechanism for RNS to inhibit all α-ketoacid dehydrogenases, which has numerous physiological implications across multiple cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L. Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Gretchen Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715
| | | | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
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13
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Ren X, Yan J, Zhao Q, Bao X, Han X, Zheng C, Zhou Y, Chen L, Wang B, Yang L, Lin X, Liu D, Lin Y, Li M, Fang H, Lu Z, Lyu J. The Fe-S cluster assembly protein IscU2 increases α-ketoglutarate catabolism and DNA 5mC to promote tumor growth. Cell Discov 2023; 9:76. [PMID: 37488138 PMCID: PMC10366194 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
IscU2 is a scaffold protein that is critical for the assembly of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and the functions of Fe-S-containing mitochondrial proteins. However, the role of IscU2 in tumor development remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that IscU2 expression is much higher in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues than in adjacent normal pancreatic tissues. In PDAC cells, activated KRAS enhances the c-Myc-mediated IscU2 transcription. The upregulated IscU2 stabilizes Fe-S cluster and regulates the activity of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) dehydrogenase and aconitase 2, which promote α-KG catabolism through oxidative and reductive TCA cycling, respectively. In addition to promoting mitochondrial functions, activated KRAS-induced and IscU2-dependent acceleration of α-KG catabolism results in reduced α-KG levels in the cytosol and nucleus, leading to an increase in DNA 5mC due to Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 (TET3) inhibition and subsequent expression of genes including DNA polymerase alpha 1 catalytic subunit for PDAC cell proliferation and tumor growth in mice. These findings underscore a critical role of IscU2 in KRAS-promoted α-KG catabolism, 5mC-dependent gene expression, and PDAC growth and highlight the instrumental and integrated regulation of mitochondrial functions and gene expression by IscU2 in PDAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Ren
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jimei Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongya Zhao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinzhu Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyan Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hezhi Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhimin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Pedroletti L, Moseler A, Meyer AJ. Assembly, transfer, and fate of mitochondrial iron-sulfur clusters. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3328-3344. [PMID: 36846908 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of an autonomous iron-sulfur cluster (Fe-S) assembly machinery in mitochondria, significant efforts to examine the nature of this process have been made. The assembly of Fe-S clusters occurs in two distinct steps with the initial synthesis of [2Fe-2S] clusters by a first machinery followed by a subsequent assembly into [4Fe-4S] clusters by a second machinery. Despite this knowledge, we still have only a rudimentary understanding of how Fe-S clusters are transferred and distributed among their respective apoproteins. In particular, demand created by continuous protein turnover and the sacrificial destruction of clusters for synthesis of biotin and lipoic acid reveal possible bottlenecks in the supply chain of Fe-S clusters. Taking available information from other species into consideration, this review explores the mitochondrial assembly machinery of Arabidopsis and provides current knowledge about the respective transfer steps to apoproteins. Furthermore, this review highlights biotin synthase and lipoyl synthase, which both utilize Fe-S clusters as a sulfur source. After extraction of sulfur atoms from these clusters, the remains of the clusters probably fall apart, releasing sulfide as a highly toxic by-product. Immediate refixation through local cysteine biosynthesis is therefore an essential salvage pathway and emphasizes the physiological need for cysteine biosynthesis in plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pedroletti
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Moseler
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
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15
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Bak DW, Weerapana E. Monitoring Fe-S cluster occupancy across the E. coli proteome using chemoproteomics. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:356-366. [PMID: 36635565 PMCID: PMC9992348 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous metallocofactors involved in redox chemistry, radical generation and gene regulation. Common methods to monitor Fe-S clusters include spectroscopic analysis of purified proteins and autoradiographic visualization of radiolabeled iron distribution in proteomes. Here, we report a chemoproteomic strategy that monitors changes in the reactivity of Fe-S cysteine ligands to inform on Fe-S cluster occupancy. We highlight the utility of this platform in Escherichia coli by (1) demonstrating global disruptions in Fe-S incorporation in cells cultured under iron-depleted conditions, (2) determining Fe-S client proteins reliant on five scaffold, carrier and chaperone proteins within the Isc Fe-S biogenesis pathway and (3) identifying two previously unannotated Fe-S proteins, TrhP and DppD. In summary, the chemoproteomic strategy described herein is a powerful tool that reports on Fe-S cluster incorporation directly within a native proteome, enabling the interrogation of Fe-S biogenesis pathways and the identification of previously uncharacterized Fe-S proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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16
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Hu XQ, Song R, Dasgupta C, Romero M, Juarez R, Hanson J, Blood AB, Wilson SM, Zhang L. MicroRNA-210-mediated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species confer hypoxia-induced suppression of spontaneous transient outward currents in ovine uterine arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4640-4654. [PMID: 35776536 PMCID: PMC9474621 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Hypoxia during pregnancy is associated with increased uterine vascular resistance and elevated blood pressure both in women and female sheep. A previous study demonstrated a causal role of microRNA‐210 (miR‐210) in gestational hypoxia‐induced suppression of Ca2+ sparks/spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in ovine uterine arteries, but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. We tested the hypothesis that miR‐210 perturbs mitochondrial metabolism and increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) that confer hypoxia‐induced suppression of STOCs in uterine arteries. Experimental Approach Resistance‐sized uterine arteries were isolated from near‐term pregnant sheep and were treated ex vivo in normoxia and hypoxia (10.5% O2) for 48 h. Key Results Hypoxia increased mtROS and suppressed mitochondrial respiration in uterine arteries, which were also produced by miR‐210 mimic to normoxic arteries and blocked by antagomir miR‐210‐LNA in hypoxic arteries. Hypoxia or miR‐210 mimic inhibited Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and increased uterine arterial myogenic tone, which were inhibited by the mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant MitoQ. Hypoxia and miR‐210 down‐regulated iron–sulfur cluster scaffold protein (ISCU) in uterine arteries and knockdown of ISCU via siRNAs suppressed mitochondrial respiration, increased mtROS, and inhibited STOCs. In addition, blockade of mitochondrial electron transport chain with antimycin and rotenone inhibited large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels, decreased STOCs and increased uterine arterial myogenic tone. Conclusion and Implications This study demonstrates a novel mechanistic role for the miR‐210‐ISCU‐mtROS axis in inhibiting Ca2+ sparks/STOCs in the maladaptation of uterine arteries and provides new insights into the understanding of mitochondrial perturbations in the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications resulted from hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Monica Romero
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Rucha Juarez
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Jenna Hanson
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Arlin B Blood
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
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17
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Maio N, Saneto RP, Steet R, Sotero de Menezes MA, Skinner C, Rouault TA. Disruption of cellular iron homeostasis by IREB2 missense variants causes severe neurodevelopmental delay, dystonia and seizures. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac102. [PMID: 35602653 PMCID: PMC9118103 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered brain iron homeostasis can contribute to neurodegeneration by interfering with the delivery of the iron needed to support key cellular processes, including mitochondrial respiration, synthesis of myelin and essential neurotransmitters. Intracellular iron homeostasis in mammals is maintained by two homologous ubiquitously expressed iron-responsive element-binding proteins (IRP1 and IRP2). Using exome sequencing, two patients with severe neurodegenerative disease and bi-allelic mutations in the gene IREB2 were first identified and clinically characterized in 2019. Here, we report the case of a 7-year-old male patient with compound heterozygous missense variants in IREB2, whose neurological features resembled those of the two previously reported IRP2-deficient patients, including a profound global neurodevelopmental delay and dystonia. Biochemical characterization of a lymphoblast cell line derived from the patient revealed functional iron deficiency, altered post-transcriptional regulation of iron metabolism genes and mitochondrial dysfunction. The iron metabolism abnormalities of the patient cell line were reversed by lentiviral-mediated restoration of IREB2 expression. These results, in addition to confirming the essential role of IRP2 in the regulation of iron metabolism in humans, expand the scope of the known IRP2-related neurodegenerative disorders and underscore that IREB2 pathological variants may impact the iron-responsive element-binding activity of IRP2 with varying degrees of severity. The three severely affected patients identified so far all suffered from complete loss of function of IRP2, raising the possibility that individuals with significant but incomplete loss of IRP2 function may develop less severe forms of the disease, analogous to other human conditions that present with a wide range of phenotypic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Russell P. Saneto
- Neuroscience Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Program for Mitochondrial Medicine and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tracey A. Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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18
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Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Parkinson’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1491-1502. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Maio N, Rouault TA. Mammalian iron sulfur cluster biogenesis: From assembly to delivery to recipient proteins with a focus on novel targets of the chaperone and co‐chaperone proteins. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:684-704. [PMID: 35080107 PMCID: PMC10118776 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Tracey A. Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda Maryland USA
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20
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Padavannil A, Ayala-Hernandez MG, Castellanos-Silva EA, Letts JA. The Mysterious Multitude: Structural Perspective on the Accessory Subunits of Respiratory Complex I. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:798353. [PMID: 35047558 PMCID: PMC8762328 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.798353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex I (CI) is the largest protein complex in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation electron transport chain of the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays a key role in the transport of electrons from reduced substrates to molecular oxygen. CI is composed of 14 core subunits that are conserved across species and an increasing number of accessory subunits from bacteria to mammals. The fact that adding accessory subunits incurs costs of protein production and import suggests that these subunits play important physiological roles. Accordingly, knockout studies have demonstrated that accessory subunits are essential for CI assembly and function. Furthermore, clinical studies have shown that amino acid substitutions in accessory subunits lead to several debilitating and fatal CI deficiencies. Nevertheless, the specific roles of CI’s accessory subunits have remained mysterious. In this review, we explore the possible roles of each of mammalian CI’s 31 accessory subunits by integrating recent high-resolution CI structures with knockout, assembly, and clinical studies. Thus, we develop a framework of experimentally testable hypotheses for the function of the accessory subunits. We believe that this framework will provide inroads towards the complete understanding of mitochondrial CI physiology and help to develop strategies for the treatment of CI deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Padavannil
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Maria G Ayala-Hernandez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Eimy A Castellanos-Silva
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - James A Letts
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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21
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López-López A, Keech O, Rouhier N. Maturation and Assembly of Iron-Sulfur Cluster-Containing Subunits in the Mitochondrial Complex I From Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:916948. [PMID: 35677241 PMCID: PMC9168917 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the mitochondrial complex I is the protein complex encompassing the largest number of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. The whole, membrane-embedded, holo-complex is assembled stepwise from assembly intermediates. The Q and N modules are combined to form a peripheral arm in the matrix, whereas the so-called membrane arm is formed after merging a carbonic anhydrase (CA) module with so-called Pp (proximal) and the Pd (distal) domains. A ferredoxin bridge connects both arms. The eight Fe-S clusters present in the peripheral arm for electron transfer reactions are synthesized via a dedicated protein machinery referred to as the iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) machinery. The de novo assembly occurs on ISCU scaffold proteins from iron, sulfur and electron delivery proteins. In a second step, the preformed Fe-S clusters are transferred, eventually converted and inserted in recipient apo-proteins. Diverse molecular actors, including a chaperone-cochaperone system, assembly factors among which proteins with LYR motifs, and Fe-S cluster carrier/transfer proteins, have been identified as contributors to the second step. This mini-review highlights the recent progresses in our understanding of how specificity is achieved during the delivery of preformed Fe-S clusters to complex I subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia López-López
- INRAE, IAM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olivier Keech
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- INRAE, IAM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Rouhier,
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22
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Jain A, Singh A, Maio N, Rouault TA. Assembly of the [4Fe-4S] cluster of NFU1 requires the coordinated donation of two [2Fe-2S] clusters from the scaffold proteins, ISCU2 and ISCA1. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3165-3182. [PMID: 32776106 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NFU1, a late-acting iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster carrier protein, has a key role in the pathogenesis of the disease, multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome. In this work, using genetic and biochemical approaches, we identified the initial scaffold protein, mitochondrial ISCU (ISCU2) and the secondary carrier, ISCA1, as the direct donors of Fe-S clusters to mitochondrial NFU1, which appears to dimerize and reductively mediate the formation of a bridging [4Fe-4S] cluster, aided by ferredoxin 2. By monitoring the abundance of target proteins that acquire their Fe-S clusters from NFU1, we characterized the effects of several novel pathogenic NFU1 mutations. We observed that NFU1 directly interacts with each of the Fe-S cluster scaffold proteins known to ligate [2Fe-2S] clusters, ISCU2 and ISCA1, and we mapped the site of interaction to a conserved hydrophobic patch of residues situated at the end of the C-terminal alpha-helix of NFU1. Furthermore, we showed that NFU1 lost its ability to acquire its Fe-S cluster when mutagenized at the identified site of interaction with ISCU2 and ISCA1, which thereby adversely affected biochemical functions of proteins that are thought to acquire their Fe-S clusters directly from NFU1, such as lipoic acid synthase, which supports the Fe-S-dependent process of lipoylation of components of multiple key enzyme complexes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and the glycine cleavage complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Jain
- Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anamika Singh
- Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Identification of Toxocara canis Antigen-Interacting Partners by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay and a Putative Mechanism of These Host-Parasite Interactions. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080949. [PMID: 34451413 PMCID: PMC8398310 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxocara canis is a zoonotic roundworm that infects humans and dogs all over the world. Upon infection, larvae migrate to various tissues leading to different clinical syndromes. The host–parasite interactions underlying the process of infection remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the application of a yeast two-hybrid assay to screen a human cDNA library and analyse the interactome of T. canis larval molecules. Our data identifies 16 human proteins that putatively interact with the parasite. These molecules were associated with major biological processes, such as protein processing, transport, cellular component organisation, immune response and cell signalling. Some of these identified interactions are associated with the development of a Th2 response, neutrophil activity and signalling in immune cells. Other interactions may be linked to neurodegenerative processes observed during neurotoxocariasis, and some are associated with lung pathology found in infected hosts. Our results should open new areas of research and provide further data to enable a better understanding of this complex and underestimated disease.
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24
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Maio N, Zhang DL, Ghosh MC, Jain A, SantaMaria AM, Rouault TA. Mechanisms of cellular iron sensing, regulation of erythropoiesis and mitochondrial iron utilization. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:161-174. [PMID: 34389108 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To maintain an adequate iron supply for hemoglobin synthesis and essential metabolic functions while counteracting iron toxicity, humans and other vertebrates have evolved effective mechanisms to conserve and finely regulate iron concentration, storage, and distribution to tissues. At the systemic level, the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is secreted by the liver in response to serum iron levels and inflammation. Hepcidin regulates the expression of the sole known mammalian iron exporter, ferroportin, to control dietary absorption, storage and tissue distribution of iron. At the cellular level, iron regulatory proteins 1 and 2 (IRP1 and IRP2) register cytosolic iron concentrations and post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of iron metabolism genes to optimize iron availability for essential cellular processes, including heme biosynthesis and iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis. Genetic malfunctions affecting the iron sensing mechanisms or the main pathways that utilize iron in the cell cause a broad range of human diseases, some of which are characterized by mitochondrial iron accumulation. This review will discuss the mechanisms of systemic and cellular iron sensing with a focus on the main iron utilization pathways in the cell, and on human conditions that arise from compromised function of the regulatory axes that control iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - De-Liang Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Manik C Ghosh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anshika Jain
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anna M SantaMaria
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
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25
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Maio N, Lafont BAP, Sil D, Li Y, Bollinger JM, Krebs C, Pierson TC, Linehan WM, Rouault TA. Fe-S cofactors in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase are potential antiviral targets. Science 2021; 373:236-241. [PMID: 34083449 PMCID: PMC8892629 DOI: 10.1126/science.abi5224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of COVID-19, uses an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) for the replication of its genome and the transcription of its genes. We found that the catalytic subunit of the RdRp, nsp12, ligates two iron-sulfur metal cofactors in sites that were modeled as zinc centers in the available cryo-electron microscopy structures of the RdRp complex. These metal binding sites are essential for replication and for interaction with the viral helicase. Oxidation of the clusters by the stable nitroxide TEMPOL caused their disassembly, potently inhibited the RdRp, and blocked SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell culture. These iron-sulfur clusters thus serve as cofactors for the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and are targets for therapy of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bernard A P Lafont
- SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Debangsu Sil
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J Martin Bollinger
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Mitochondria in epithelial ovarian carcinoma exhibit abnormal phenotypes and blunted associations with biobehavioral factors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11595. [PMID: 34078919 PMCID: PMC8172869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89934-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumor cells exhibit mitochondrial alterations and are also influenced by biobehavioral processes, but the intersection of biobehavioral factors and mitochondria in malignant tumors remains unexplored. Here we examined multiple biochemical and molecular markers of mitochondrial content and function in benign tissue and in high-grade epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) in parallel with exploratory analyses of biobehavioral factors. First, analysis of a publicly-available database (n = 1435) showed that gene expression of specific mitochondrial proteins in EOC is associated with survival. Quantifying multiple biochemical and molecular markers of mitochondrial content and function in tissue from 51 patients with benign ovarian masses and 128 patients with high-grade EOC revealed that compared to benign tissue, EOCs exhibit 3.3-8.4-fold higher mitochondrial content and respiratory chain enzymatic activities (P < 0.001) but similar mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels (- 3.1%), documenting abnormal mitochondrial phenotypes in EOC. Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity was also associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in ascites. In benign tissue, negative biobehavioral factors were inversely correlated with mitochondrial content and respiratory chain activities, whereas positive biobehavioral factors tended to be positively correlated with mitochondrial measures, although effect sizes were small to medium (r = - 0.43 to 0.47). In contrast, serous EOCs showed less pronounced biobehavioral-mitochondrial correlations. These results document abnormal mitochondrial functional phenotypes in EOC and warrant further research on the link between biobehavioral factors and mitochondria in cancer.
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27
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Shinde A, Jung H, Lee H, Singh K, Roy M, Gohel D, Kim HB, Mane M, Vasiyani H, Currim F, Seo YR, Yang S, Cho A, Yi EC, Singh R. TNF-α differentially modulates subunit levels of respiratory electron transport complexes of ER/PR +ve/-ve breast cancer cells to regulate mitochondrial complex activity and tumorigenic potential. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:19. [PMID: 33926547 PMCID: PMC8082668 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-021-00254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an immunostimulatory cytokine that is consistently high in the breast tumor microenvironment (TME); however, its differential role in mitochondrial functions and cell survival in ER/PR +ve and ER/PR -ve breast cancer cells is not well understood. METHODS In the current study, we investigated TNF-α modulated mitochondrial proteome using high-resolution mass spectrometry and identified the differentially expressed proteins in two different breast cancer cell lines, ER/PR positive cell line; luminal, MCF-7 and ER/PR negative cell line; basal-like, MDA-MB-231 and explored its implication in regulating the tumorigenic potential of breast cancer cells. We also compared the activity of mitochondrial complexes, ATP, and ROS levels between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 in the presence of TNF-α. We used Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) webserver to analyze the correlation between TNF-α and mitochondrial proteins in basal and luminal breast cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the correlation between mitochondrial protein expression and survival of breast cancer patients. RESULTS The proteome analysis revealed that TNF-α differentially altered the level of critical proteins of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes both in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, which correlated with differential assembly and activity of mitochondrial ETC complexes. The inhibition of the glycolytic pathway in the presence of TNF-α showed that glycolysis is indispensable for the proliferation and clonogenic ability of MDA-MB-231 cells (ER/PR -ve) as compared to MCF-7 cells (ER/PR +ve). The TIMER database showed a negative correlation between the expressions of TNF-α and key regulators of mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes in basal breast vs lobular carcinoma. Conversely, patient survival analysis showed an improved relapse-free survival with increased expression of identified proteins of ETC complexes and survival of the breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION The evidence presented in our study convincingly demonstrates that TNF-α regulates the survival and proliferation of aggressive tumor cells by modulating the levels of critical assembly factors and subunits involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes organization and function. This favors the rewiring of mitochondrial metabolism towards anaplerosis to support the survival and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Collectively, the results strongly suggest that TNF-α differentially regulates metabolic adaptation in ER/PR +ve (MCF-7) and ER/PR -ve (MDA-MB-231) cells by modulating the mitochondrial supercomplex assembly and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Shinde
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Hyeryeon Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hayun Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kritarth Singh
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Milton Roy
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Fatema Currim
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Yu Ri Seo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Seojin Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Eugene C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Sayajigunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
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28
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Przybyla-Toscano J, Christ L, Keech O, Rouhier N. Iron-sulfur proteins in plant mitochondria: roles and maturation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2014-2044. [PMID: 33301571 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are prosthetic groups ensuring electron transfer reactions, activating substrates for catalytic reactions, providing sulfur atoms for the biosynthesis of vitamins or other cofactors, or having protein-stabilizing effects. Hence, metalloproteins containing these cofactors are essential for numerous and diverse metabolic pathways and cellular processes occurring in the cytoplasm. Mitochondria are organelles where the Fe-S cluster demand is high, notably because the activity of the respiratory chain complexes I, II, and III relies on the correct assembly and functioning of Fe-S proteins. Several other proteins or complexes present in the matrix require Fe-S clusters as well, or depend either on Fe-S proteins such as ferredoxins or on cofactors such as lipoic acid or biotin whose synthesis relies on Fe-S proteins. In this review, we have listed and discussed the Fe-S-dependent enzymes or pathways in plant mitochondria including some potentially novel Fe-S proteins identified based on in silico analysis or on recent evidence obtained in non-plant organisms. We also provide information about recent developments concerning the molecular mechanisms involved in Fe-S cluster synthesis and trafficking steps of these cofactors from maturation factors to client apoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Przybyla-Toscano
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, Nancy, France
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Loïck Christ
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Keech
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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29
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Acoba MG, Alpergin ESS, Renuse S, Fernández-Del-Río L, Lu YW, Khalimonchuk O, Clarke CF, Pandey A, Wolfgang MJ, Claypool SM. The mitochondrial carrier SFXN1 is critical for complex III integrity and cellular metabolism. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108869. [PMID: 33730581 PMCID: PMC8048093 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial carriers (MCs) mediate the passage of small molecules across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), enabling regulated crosstalk between compartmentalized reactions. Despite MCs representing the largest family of solute carriers in mammals, most have not been subjected to a comprehensive investigation, limiting our understanding of their metabolic contributions. Here, we functionally characterize SFXN1, a member of the non-canonical, sideroflexin family. We find that SFXN1, an integral IMM protein with an uneven number of transmembrane domains, is a TIM22 complex substrate. SFXN1 deficiency leads to mitochondrial respiratory chain impairments, most detrimental to complex III (CIII) biogenesis, activity, and assembly, compromising coenzyme Q levels. The CIII dysfunction is independent of one-carbon metabolism, the known primary role for SFXN1 as a mitochondrial serine transporter. Instead, SFXN1 supports CIII function by participating in heme and α-ketoglutarate metabolism. Our findings highlight the multiple ways that SFXN1-based amino acid transport impacts mitochondrial and cellular metabolic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Grace Acoba
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ebru S Selen Alpergin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Santosh Renuse
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lucía Fernández-Del-Río
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Catherine F Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Pathology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael J Wolfgang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Blackout in the powerhouse: clinical phenotypes associated with defects in the assembly of OXPHOS complexes and the mitoribosome. Biochem J 2021; 477:4085-4132. [PMID: 33151299 PMCID: PMC7657662 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce the bulk of the energy used by almost all eukaryotic cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) which occurs on the four complexes of the respiratory chain and the F1–F0 ATPase. Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogenous group of conditions affecting OXPHOS, either directly through mutation of genes encoding subunits of OXPHOS complexes, or indirectly through mutations in genes encoding proteins supporting this process. These include proteins that promote assembly of the OXPHOS complexes, the post-translational modification of subunits, insertion of cofactors or indeed subunit synthesis. The latter is important for all 13 of the proteins encoded by human mitochondrial DNA, which are synthesised on mitochondrial ribosomes. Together the five OXPHOS complexes and the mitochondrial ribosome are comprised of more than 160 subunits and many more proteins support their biogenesis. Mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding these proteins have been reported to cause mitochondrial disease, many leading to defective complex assembly with the severity of the assembly defect reflecting the severity of the disease. This review aims to act as an interface between the clinical and basic research underpinning our knowledge of OXPHOS complex and ribosome assembly, and the dysfunction of this process in mitochondrial disease.
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31
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Crooks DR, Maio N, Lang M, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Gurram S, Turan S, Kim YY, Cawthon GM, Sohelian F, De Val N, Pfeiffer RM, Jailwala P, Tandon M, Tran B, Fan TWM, Lane AN, Ried T, Wangsa D, Malayeri AA, Merino MJ, Yang Y, Meier JL, Ball MW, Rouault TA, Srinivasan R, Linehan WM. Mitochondrial DNA alterations underlie an irreversible shift to aerobic glycolysis in fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cancer. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/664/eabc4436. [PMID: 33402335 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of the Warburg shift to aerobic glycolysis is critical to defining the metabolic basis of cancer. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is an aggressive cancer characterized by biallelic inactivation of the gene encoding the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase, an early shift to aerobic glycolysis, and rapid metastasis. We observed impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in tumors from patients with HLRCC. Biochemical and transcriptomic analyses revealed that respiratory chain dysfunction in the tumors was due to loss of expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of respiratory chain complexes, caused by a marked decrease in mtDNA content and increased mtDNA mutations. We demonstrated that accumulation of fumarate in HLRCC tumors inactivated the core factors responsible for replication and proofreading of mtDNA, leading to loss of respiratory chain components, thereby promoting the shift to aerobic glycolysis and disease progression in this prototypic model of glucose-dependent human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin Lang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cathy D Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandeep Gurram
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sevilay Turan
- Sequencing Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Yun-Young Kim
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - G Mariah Cawthon
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ferri Sohelian
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Natalia De Val
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Parthav Jailwala
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mayank Tandon
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Bao Tran
- Sequencing Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ashkan A Malayeri
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria J Merino
- Genitourinary Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Youfeng Yang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Epigenetics and Metabolism Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mark W Ball
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ramaprasad Srinivasan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Fernandez-Vizarra E, Zeviani M. Mitochondrial disorders of the OXPHOS system. FEBS Lett 2020; 595:1062-1106. [PMID: 33159691 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are among the most frequent inborn errors of metabolism, their primary cause being the dysfunction of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). OXPHOS is composed of the electron transport chain (ETC), formed by four multimeric enzymes and two mobile electron carriers, plus an ATP synthase [also called complex V (cV)]. The ETC performs the redox reactions involved in cellular respiration while generating the proton motive force used by cV to synthesize ATP. OXPHOS biogenesis involves multiple steps, starting from the expression of genes encoded in physically separated genomes, namely the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, to the coordinated assembly of components and cofactors building each individual complex and eventually the supercomplexes. The genetic cause underlying around half of the diagnosed mitochondrial disease cases is currently known. Many of these cases result from pathogenic variants in genes encoding structural subunits or additional factors directly involved in the assembly of the ETC complexes. Here, we review the historical and most recent findings concerning the clinical phenotypes and the molecular pathological mechanisms underlying this particular group of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Fernandez-Vizarra
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
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33
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Liu G, Sil D, Maio N, Tong WH, Bollinger JM, Krebs C, Rouault TA. Heme biosynthesis depends on previously unrecognized acquisition of iron-sulfur cofactors in human amino-levulinic acid dehydratase. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6310. [PMID: 33298951 PMCID: PMC7725820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme biosynthesis and iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis are two major mammalian metabolic pathways that require iron. It has long been known that these two pathways interconnect, but the previously described interactions do not fully explain why heme biosynthesis depends on intact ISC biogenesis. Herein we identify a previously unrecognized connection between these two pathways through our discovery that human aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), which catalyzes the second step of heme biosynthesis, is an Fe-S protein. We find that several highly conserved cysteines and an Ala306-Phe307-Arg308 motif of human ALAD are important for [Fe4S4] cluster acquisition and coordination. The enzymatic activity of human ALAD is greatly reduced upon loss of its Fe-S cluster, which results in reduced heme biosynthesis in human cells. As ALAD provides an early Fe-S-dependent checkpoint in the heme biosynthetic pathway, our findings help explain why heme biosynthesis depends on intact ISC biogenesis. Heme biosynthesis depends on iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis but the molecular connection between these pathways is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that the heme biosynthesis enzyme ALAD contains an Fe-S cluster, disruption of which reduces ALAD activity and heme production in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debangsu Sil
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wing-Hang Tong
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Martin Bollinger
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Tracey Ann Rouault
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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34
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Qiu J, Zhang Z, Wang S, Chen Y, Liu C, Xu S, Wang D, Su J, Ni M, Yu J, Cui X, Ma L, Hu T, Hu Y, Gu X, Ma X, Wang J, Xu L. Transferrin Receptor Functionally Marks Thermogenic Adipocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:572459. [PMID: 33251209 PMCID: PMC7676909 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thermogenic adipocytes, including beige and brown adipocytes, are critical for thermogenesis and energy homeostasis. Identification of functional cell surface markers of thermogenic adipocytes is of significance for potential application in biological and clinical practices. Methods With a combination of RNA-sequencing of in vivo and in vitro models, we identified transferrin receptor (Tfr1), a receptor specialized for cellular iron uptake, as a previously unappreciated cell surface molecule for thermogenic adipocytes compared to white adipocytes. The alternation of Tfr1 levels under physiological and pathological stimuli was assessed, and the mitochondria functionality, browning capacity, and iron metabolism of mature adipocytes were examined with Tfr1 knockdown. Results Tfr1 was expressed predominantly in thermogenic adipocytes versus white adipocyte, and its expression levels were tightly correlated with the activation or inhibition status of thermogenic adipocytes under external stimuli. Besides, Tfr1 gene deficiency in thermogenic adipocytes led to reduced thermogenic gene programs and mitochondrial integrity. Conclusion Tfr1 functionally marks thermogenic adipocytes and could serve as a potential thermogenic adipocyte surface marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanru Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlei Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengshan Ni
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdi Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yepeng Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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35
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Crispin A, Guo C, Chen C, Campagna DR, Schmidt PJ, Lichtenstein D, Cao C, Sendamarai AK, Hildick-Smith GJ, Huston NC, Boudreaux J, Bottomley SS, Heeney MM, Paw BH, Fleming MD, Ducamp S. Mutations in the iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis protein HSCB cause congenital sideroblastic anemia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5245-5256. [PMID: 32634119 PMCID: PMC7524500 DOI: 10.1172/jci135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The congenital sideroblastic anemias (CSAs) can be caused by primary defects in mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis. HSCB (heat shock cognate B), which encodes a mitochondrial cochaperone, also known as HSC20 (heat shock cognate protein 20), is the partner of mitochondrial heat shock protein A9 (HSPA9). Together with glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5), HSCB and HSPA9 facilitate the transfer of nascent 2-iron, 2-sulfur clusters to recipient mitochondrial proteins. Mutations in both HSPA9 and GLRX5 have previously been associated with CSA. Therefore, we hypothesized that mutations in HSCB could also cause CSA. We screened patients with genetically undefined CSA and identified a frameshift mutation and a rare promoter variant in HSCB in a female patient with non-syndromic CSA. We found that HSCB expression was decreased in patient-derived fibroblasts and K562 erythroleukemia cells engineered to have the patient-specific promoter variant. Furthermore, gene knockdown and deletion experiments performed in K562 cells, zebrafish, and mice demonstrate that loss of HSCB results in impaired Fe-S cluster biogenesis, a defect in RBC hemoglobinization, and the development of siderocytes and more broadly perturbs hematopoiesis in vivo. These results further affirm the involvement of Fe-S cluster biogenesis in erythropoiesis and hematopoiesis and define HSCB as a CSA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Crispin
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chaoshe Guo
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caiyong Chen
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dean R. Campagna
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul J. Schmidt
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Lichtenstein
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chang Cao
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anoop K. Sendamarai
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Nicholas C. Huston
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeanne Boudreaux
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sylvia S. Bottomley
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Matthew M. Heeney
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barry H. Paw
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark D. Fleming
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Ducamp
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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36
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Abstract
Mitochondria are essential in most eukaryotes and are involved in numerous biological functions including ATP production, cofactor biosyntheses, apoptosis, lipid synthesis, and steroid metabolism. Work over the past two decades has uncovered the biogenesis of cellular iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins as the essential and minimal function of mitochondria. This process is catalyzed by the bacteria-derived iron-sulfur cluster assembly (ISC) machinery and has been dissected into three major steps: de novo synthesis of a [2Fe-2S] cluster on a scaffold protein; Hsp70 chaperone-mediated trafficking of the cluster and insertion into [2Fe-2S] target apoproteins; and catalytic conversion of the [2Fe-2S] into a [4Fe-4S] cluster and subsequent insertion into recipient apoproteins. ISC components of the first two steps are also required for biogenesis of numerous essential cytosolic and nuclear Fe/S proteins, explaining the essentiality of mitochondria. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the ISC protein-mediated maturation of mitochondrial Fe/S proteins and the importance for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany;
- SYNMIKRO Zentrum für synthetische Mikrobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sven-A Freibert
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany;
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37
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Glia maturation factor-γ regulates murine macrophage iron metabolism and M2 polarization through mitochondrial ROS. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1211-1225. [PMID: 30971398 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018026070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In macrophages, cellular iron metabolism status is tightly integrated with macrophage phenotype and associated with mitochondrial function. However, how molecular events regulate mitochondrial activity to integrate regulation of iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype remains unclear. Here, we explored the important role of the actin-regulatory protein glia maturation factor-γ (GMFG) in the regulation of cellular iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype. We found that GMFG was downregulated in murine macrophages by exposure to iron and hydrogen peroxide. GMFG knockdown altered the expression of iron metabolism proteins and increased iron levels in murine macrophages and concomitantly promoted their polarization toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. GMFG-knockdown macrophages exhibited moderately increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), which were accompanied by decreased expression of some mitochondrial respiration chain components, including the iron-sulfur cluster assembly scaffold protein ISCU as well as the antioxidant enzymes SOD1 and SOD2. Importantly, treatment of GMFG-knockdown macrophages with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reversed the altered expression of iron metabolism proteins and significantly inhibited the enhanced gene expression of M2 macrophage markers, suggesting that mtROS is mechanistically linked to cellular iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype. Finally, GMFG interacted with the mitochondrial membrane ATPase ATAD3A, suggesting that GMFG knockdown-induced mtROS production might be attributed to alteration of mitochondrial function in macrophages. Our findings suggest that GMFG is an important regulator in cellular iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype and could be a novel therapeutic target for modulating macrophage function in immune and metabolic disorders.
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38
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Yamamoto S, Lee S, Matsuzaki H, Kumagai-Takei N, Yoshitome K, Sada N, Shimizu Y, Ito T, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Enhanced expression of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) and its role in a human T cell line continuously exposed to asbestos. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105654. [PMID: 32187573 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of asbestos fibers on human immune cells have not been well documented. We have developed a continuously exposed cell line model using the human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)-immortalized human T cell line MT-2. Sublines continuously exposed to chrysotile (CH) or crocidolite (CR) showed acquired resistance to asbestos-induced apoptosis following transient and high-dose re-exposure with fibers. These sublines in addition to other immune cells such as natural killer cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes exposed to asbestos showed a reduction in anti-tumor immunity. In this study, the expression of genes and molecules related to antioxidative stress was examined. Furthermore, complexes related to oxidative phosphorylation were investigated since the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important when considering the effects of asbestos in carcinogenesis and the mechanisms involved in resistance to asbestos-induced apoptosis. In sublines continuously exposed to CH or CR, the expression of thioredoxin decreased. Interestingly, nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) expression was markedly enhanced. Thus, knockdown of NNT was then performed. Although the knockdown clones did not show any changes in proliferation or occurrence of apoptosis, these clones showed recovery of ROS production with returning NADPH/NADP+ ratio that increased with decreased production of ROS in continuously exposed sublines. These results indicated that NNT is a key factor in preventing ROS-induced cytotoxicity in T cells continuously exposed to asbestos. Considering that these sublines showed a reduction in anti-tumor immunity, modification of NNT may contribute to recovery of the anti-tumor effects in asbestos-exposed T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan; Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yurika Shimizu
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tastsuo Ito
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 7010192 Okayama, Japan.
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39
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Maio N, Jain A, Rouault TA. Mammalian iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis: Recent insights into the roles of frataxin, acyl carrier protein and ATPase-mediated transfer to recipient proteins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:34-44. [PMID: 31918395 PMCID: PMC7237328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The recently solved crystal structures of the human cysteine desulfurase NFS1, in complex with the LYR protein ISD11, the acyl carrier protein ACP, and the main scaffold ISCU, have shed light on the molecular interactions that govern initial cluster assembly on ISCU. Here, we aim to highlight recent insights into iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster (ISC) biogenesis in mammalian cells that have arisen from the crystal structures of the core ISC assembly complex. We will also discuss how ISCs are delivered to recipient proteins and the challenges that remain in dissecting the pathways that deliver clusters to numerous Fe-S recipient proteins in both the mitochondrial matrix and cytosolic compartments of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anshika Jain
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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40
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Ge C, Hu L, Lou D, Li Q, Feng J, Wu Y, Tan J, Xu M. Nrf2 deficiency aggravates PM 2.5-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing oxidative stress, fibrosis and inflammation via RIPK3-regulated mitochondrial disorder. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4836-4865. [PMID: 32182211 PMCID: PMC7138545 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 is a well-known air pollutant threatening public health, and long-term exposure to PM2.5 increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in the amelioration of PM2.5-induced lung injury. However, if Nrf2 is involved in PM2.5-induced heart injury, and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been explored. In this study, wild type (Nrf2+/+) and Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice were exposed to PM2.5 for 6 months. After PM2.5 exposure, Nrf2-/- mice developed severe physiological changes, lung injury and cardiac dysfunction. In the PM2.5-exposed hearts, Nrf2 deficiency caused significant collagen accumulation through promoting the expression of fibrosis-associated signals. Additionally, Nrf2-/- mice exhibited greater oxidative stress in cardiac tissues after PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, PM2.5-induced inflammation in heart samples were accelerated in Nrf2-/- mice through promoting inhibitor of α/nuclear factor κB (IκBα/NF-κB) signaling pathways. We also found that Nrf2-/- aggravated autophagy initiation and glucose metabolism disorder in hearts of mice with PM2.5 challenge. Cardiac receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) expression triggered by PM2.5 was further enhanced in mice with the loss of Nrf2. Collectively, these results suggested that strategies for enhancing Nrf2 could be used to treat PM2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Linfeng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Deshuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jing Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Yekuan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
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41
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Outlining the Complex Pathway of Mammalian Fe-S Cluster Biogenesis. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:411-426. [PMID: 32311335 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters (ISCs) are ubiquitous cofactors essential to numerous fundamental cellular processes. Assembly of ISCs and their insertion into apoproteins involves the function of complex cellular machineries that operate in parallel in the mitochondrial and cytosolic/nuclear compartments of mammalian cells. The spectrum of diseases caused by inherited defects in genes that encode the Fe-S assembly proteins has recently expanded to include multiple rare human diseases, which manifest distinctive combinations and severities of global and tissue-specific impairments. In this review, we provide an overview of our understanding of ISC biogenesis in mammalian cells, discuss recent work that has shed light on the molecular interactions that govern ISC assembly, and focus on human diseases caused by failures of the biogenesis pathway.
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42
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Palmieri EM, Gonzalez-Cotto M, Baseler WA, Davies LC, Ghesquière B, Maio N, Rice CM, Rouault TA, Cassel T, Higashi RM, Lane AN, Fan TWM, Wink DA, McVicar DW. Nitric oxide orchestrates metabolic rewiring in M1 macrophages by targeting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Nat Commun 2020; 11:698. [PMID: 32019928 PMCID: PMC7000728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Profound metabolic changes are characteristic of macrophages during classical activation and have been implicated in this phenotype. Here we demonstrate that nitric oxide (NO) produced by murine macrophages is responsible for TCA cycle alterations and citrate accumulation associated with polarization. 13C tracing and mitochondrial respiration experiments map NO-mediated suppression of metabolism to mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2). Moreover, we find that inflammatory macrophages reroute pyruvate away from pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in an NO-dependent and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1α)-independent manner, thereby promoting glutamine-based anaplerosis. Ultimately, NO accumulation leads to suppression and loss of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. Our data reveal that macrophages metabolic rewiring, in vitro and in vivo, is dependent on NO targeting specific pathways, resulting in reduced production of inflammatory mediators. Our findings require modification to current models of macrophage biology and demonstrate that reprogramming of metabolism should be considered a result rather than a mediator of inflammatory polarization. Production of inflammatory mediators by M1-polarized macrophages is thought to rely on suppression of mitochondrial metabolism in favor of glycolysis. Refining this concept, here the authors define metabolic targets of nitric oxide as responsible for the mitochondrial rewiring resulting from polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Palmieri
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Marieli Gonzalez-Cotto
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Walter A Baseler
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Luke C Davies
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.,Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Tenovus Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Metabolomics Expertise Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Rice
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Teresa Cassel
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center and Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center and Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center and Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center and Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Chemical and Molecular Inflammation Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Leukocyte Signaling Section, Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
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43
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Gusic M, Schottmann G, Feichtinger RG, Du C, Scholz C, Wagner M, Mayr JA, Lee CY, Yépez VA, Lorenz N, Morales-Gonzalez S, Panneman DM, Rötig A, Rodenburg RJT, Wortmann SB, Prokisch H, Schuelke M. Bi-Allelic UQCRFS1 Variants Are Associated with Mitochondrial Complex III Deficiency, Cardiomyopathy, and Alopecia Totalis. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:102-111. [PMID: 31883641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolated complex III (CIII) deficiencies are among the least frequently diagnosed mitochondrial disorders. Clinical symptoms range from isolated myopathy to severe multi-systemic disorders with early death and disability. To date, we know of pathogenic variants in genes encoding five out of 10 subunits and five out of 13 assembly factors of CIII. Here we describe rare bi-allelic variants in the gene of a catalytic subunit of CIII, UQCRFS1, which encodes the Rieske iron-sulfur protein, in two unrelated individuals. Affected children presented with low CIII activity in fibroblasts, lactic acidosis, fetal bradycardia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and alopecia totalis. Studies in proband-derived fibroblasts showed a deleterious effect of the variants on UQCRFS1 protein abundance, mitochondrial import, CIII assembly, and cellular respiration. Complementation studies via lentiviral transduction and overexpression of wild-type UQCRFS1 restored mitochondrial function and rescued the cellular phenotype, confirming UQCRFS1 variants as causative for CIII deficiency. We demonstrate that mutations in UQCRFS1 can cause mitochondrial disease, and our results thereby expand the clinical and mutational spectrum of CIII deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gusic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gudrun Schottmann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: Department of Neuropediatrics, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - René G Feichtinger
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Chen Du
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Caroline Scholz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes A Mayr
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Chae-Young Lee
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: Department of Neuropediatrics, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vicente A Yépez
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 81371 Garching, Germany
| | - Norbert Lorenz
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Municipal Hospital Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Morales-Gonzalez
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: Department of Neuropediatrics, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daan M Panneman
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Agnès Rötig
- UMR 1163, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schuelke
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health: Department of Neuropediatrics, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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44
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Anderson BM, de Almeida LGN, Sekhon H, Young D, Dufour A, Edgington-Mitchell LE. N-Terminomics/TAILS Profiling of Macrophages after Chemical Inhibition of Legumain. Biochemistry 2019; 59:329-340. [PMID: 31774660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Legumain (asparaginyl endopeptidase) is the only protease with a preference for cleavage after asparagine residues. Increased legumain activity is a hallmark of inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, and legumain inhibitors have exhibited therapeutic effects in mouse models of these pathologies. Improved knowledge of its substrates and cellular functions is a requisite to further validation of legumain as a drug target. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of legumain inhibition in macrophages using an unbiased and systematic approach. By shotgun proteomics, we identified 16 094 unique peptides in RAW264.7 cells. Among these, 326 unique peptides were upregulated in response to legumain inhibition, while 241 were downregulated. Many of these proteins were associated with mitochondria and metabolism, especially iron metabolism, indicating that legumain may have a previously unknown impact on related processes. Furthermore, we used N-terminomics/TAILS (terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates) to identify potential substrates of legumain. We identified three new proteins that are cleaved after asparagine residues, which may reflect legumain-dependent cleavage. We confirmed that frataxin, a mitochondrial protein associated with the formation of iron-sulfur clusters, can be cleaved by legumain. This further asserts a potential contribution of legumain to mitochondrial function and iron metabolism. Lastly, we also identified a potential new cleavage site within legumain itself that may give rise to a 25 kDa form of legumain that has previously been observed in multiple cell and tissue types. Collectively, these data shed new light on the potential functions of legumain and will be critical for understanding its contribution to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany M Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Luiz G N de Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Henna Sekhon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Daniel Young
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Laura E Edgington-Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia.,Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , New York University College of Dentistry, Bluestone Center for Clinical Research , New York , New York 10010 , United States
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45
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Masud AJ, Kastaniotis AJ, Rahman MT, Autio KJ, Hiltunen JK. Mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP) at the interface of metabolic state sensing and mitochondrial function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118540. [PMID: 31473256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acyl carrier protein (ACP) is a principal partner in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathways. The active form holo-ACP serves as FAS platform, using its 4'-phosphopantetheine group to present covalently attached FAS intermediates to the enzymes responsible for the acyl chain elongation process. Mitochondrial unacylated holo-ACP is a component of mammalian mitoribosomes, and acylated ACP species participate as interaction partners in several ACP-LYRM (leucine-tyrosine-arginine motif)-protein heterodimers that act either as assembly factors or subunits of the electron transport chain and Fe-S cluster assembly complexes. Moreover, octanoyl-ACP provides the C8 backbone for endogenous lipoic acid synthesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that mtFAS-generated acyl-ACPs act as signaling molecules in an intramitochondrial metabolic state sensing circuit, coordinating mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels with mitochondrial respiration, Fe-S cluster biogenesis and protein lipoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Masud
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - M Tanvir Rahman
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaija J Autio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Kalervo Hiltunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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46
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TLR-activated repression of Fe-S cluster biogenesis drives a metabolic shift and alters histone and tubulin acetylation. Blood Adv 2019; 2:1146-1156. [PMID: 29784770 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018015669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the essential roles of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cofactors in mediating electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and supporting heme biosynthesis, mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in a growing list of human Fe-S cluster biogenesis disorders, including Friedreich ataxia and GLRX5-related sideroblastic anemia. Here, our studies showed that restriction of Fe-S cluster biogenesis not only compromised mitochondrial oxidative metabolism but also resulted in decreased overall histone acetylation and increased H3K9me3 levels in the nucleus and increased acetylation of α-tubulin in the cytosol by decreasing the lipoylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, decreasing levels of succinate dehydrogenase and the histone acetyltransferase ELP3, and increasing levels of the tubulin acetyltransferase MEC17. Previous studies have shown that the metabolic shift in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-activated myeloid cells involves rapid activation of glycolysis and subsequent mitochondrial respiratory failure due to nitric oxide (NO)-mediated damage to Fe-S proteins. Our studies indicated that TLR activation also actively suppresses many components of the Fe-S cluster biogenesis machinery, which exacerbates NO-mediated damage to Fe-S proteins by interfering with cluster recovery. These results reveal new regulatory pathways and novel roles of the Fe-S cluster biogenesis machinery in modifying the epigenome and acetylome and provide new insights into the etiology of Fe-S cluster biogenesis disorders.
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47
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Rouault TA. The indispensable role of mammalian iron sulfur proteins in function and regulation of multiple diverse metabolic pathways. Biometals 2019; 32:343-353. [PMID: 30923992 PMCID: PMC6584224 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, iron sulfur (Fe–S) proteins have been identified as key players in mammalian metabolism, ranging from long-known roles in the respiratory complexes and the citric acid cycle, to more recently recognized roles in RNA and DNA metabolism. Fe–S cofactors have often been missed because of their intrinsic lability and oxygen sensitivity. More Fe–S proteins have now been identified owing to detection of their direct interactions with components of the Fe–S biogenesis machinery, and through use of informatics to detect a motif that binds the co-chaperone responsible for transferring nascent Fe–S clusters to domains of recipient proteins. Dissection of the molecular steps involved in Fe–S transfer to Fe–S proteins has revealed that direct and shielded transfer occurs through highly conserved pathways that operate in parallel in the mitochondrial matrix and in the cytosolic/nuclear compartments of eukaryotic cells. Because Fe–S clusters have the unusual ability to accept or donate single electrons in chemical reactions, their presence renders complex chemical reactions possible. In addition, Fe–S clusters may function as sensors that interconnect activity of metabolic pathways with cellular redox status. Presence in pathways that control growth and division may enable cells to regulate their growth according to sufficiency of energy stores represented by redox capacity, and oxidation of such proteins could diminish anabolic activities to give cells an opportunity to restore energy supplies. This review will discuss mechanisms of Fe–S biogenesis and delivery, and methods that will likely reveal important roles of Fe–S proteins in proteins not yet recognized as Fe–S proteins.
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48
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Kim KS, Maio N, Singh A, Rouault TA. Cytosolic HSC20 integrates de novo iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis with the CIAO1-mediated transfer to recipients. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:837-852. [PMID: 29309586 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are cofactors in hundreds of proteins involved in multiple cellular processes, including mitochondrial respiration, the maintenance of genome stability, ribosome biogenesis and translation. Fe-S cluster biogenesis is performed by multiple enzymes that are highly conserved throughout evolution, and mutations in numerous biogenesis factors are now recognized to cause a wide range of previously uncategorized rare human diseases. Recently, a complex formed of components of the cytoplasmic Fe-S cluster assembly (CIA) machinery, consisting of CIAO1, FAM96B and MMS19, was found to deliver Fe-S clusters to a subset of proteins involved in DNA metabolism, but it was unclear how this complex acquired its fully synthesized Fe-S clusters, because Fe-S clusters have been alleged to be assembled de novo solely in the mitochondrial matrix. Here, we investigated the potential role of the human cochaperone HSC20 in cytosolic Fe-S assembly and found that HSC20 assists Fe-S cluster delivery to cytosolic and nuclear Fe-S proteins. Cytosolic HSC20 (C-HSC20) mediated complex formation between components of the cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis pathway (ISC), including the primary scaffold, ISCU1, and the cysteine desulfurase, NFS1, and the CIA targeting complex, consisting of CIAO1, FAM96B and MMS19, to facilitate Fe-S cluster insertion into cytoplasmic and nuclear Fe-S recipients. Thus, C-HSC20 integrates initial Fe-S biosynthesis with the transfer activities of the CIA targeting system. Our studies demonstrate that a novel cytosolic pathway functions in parallel to the mitochondrial ISC to perform de novo Fe-S biogenesis, and to escort Fe-S clusters to cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Soon Kim
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anamika Singh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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49
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Capturing variation impact on molecular interactions in the IMEx Consortium mutations data set. Nat Commun 2019; 10:10. [PMID: 30602777 PMCID: PMC6315030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current wealth of genomic variation data identified at nucleotide level presents the challenge of understanding by which mechanisms amino acid variation affects cellular processes. These effects may manifest as distinct phenotypic differences between individuals or result in the development of disease. Physical interactions between molecules are the linking steps underlying most, if not all, cellular processes. Understanding the effects that sequence variation has on a molecule’s interactions is a key step towards connecting mechanistic characterization of nonsynonymous variation to phenotype. We present an open access resource created over 14 years by IMEx database curators, featuring 28,000 annotations describing the effect of small sequence changes on physical protein interactions. We describe how this resource was built, the formats in which the data is provided and offer a descriptive analysis of the data set. The data set is publicly available through the IntAct website and is enhanced with every monthly release. Genetic variants might exert their functional effects via influencing molecular interaction. Here, the authors present a resource featuring almost 28,000 annotations describing the effect of small sequence changes on physical protein interactions, curated by IMEx Consortium curators.
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50
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Bak DW, Bechtel TJ, Falco JA, Weerapana E. Cysteine reactivity across the subcellular universe. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 48:96-105. [PMID: 30508703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine residues are concentrated at key functional sites within proteins, performing diverse roles in metal binding, catalysis, and redox chemistry. Chemoproteomic platforms to interrogate the reactive cysteinome have developed significantly over the past 10 years, resulting in a greater understanding of cysteine functionality, modification, and druggability. Recently, chemoproteomic methods to examine reactive cysteine residues from specific subcellular organelles have provided significantly improved proteome coverage and highlights the unique functionalities of cysteine residues mediated by cellular localization. Here, the diverse physicochemical properties of the mammalian subcellular organelles are explored in the context of their effects on cysteine reactivity. The unique functions of cysteine residues found in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are highlighted, together with an overview into chemoproteomic platforms employed to investigate cysteine reactivity in subcellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States.
| | - Tyler J Bechtel
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States
| | - Julia A Falco
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States.
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