1
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Green CD, Brown RDR, Uranbileg B, Weigel C, Saha S, Kurano M, Yatomi Y, Spiegel S. Sphingosine kinase 2 and p62 regulation are determinants of sexual dimorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Metab 2024; 86:101971. [PMID: 38925249 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality, and its incidence is increasing due to endemic obesity. HCC is sexually dimorphic in both humans and rodents with higher incidence in males, although the mechanisms contributing to these correlations remain unclear. Here, we examined the role of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), the enzyme that regulates the balance of bioactive sphingolipid metabolites, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide, in gender specific MASH-driven HCC. METHODS Male and female mice were fed a high fat diet with sugar water, a clinically relevant model that recapitulates MASH-driven HCC in humans followed by physiological, biochemical cellular and molecular analyses. In addition, correlations with increased risk of HCC recurrence were determined in patients. RESULTS Here, we report that deletion of SphK2 protects both male and female mice from Western diet-induced weight gain and metabolic dysfunction without affecting hepatic lipid accumulation or fibrosis. However, SphK2 deficiency decreases chronic diet-induced hepatocyte proliferation in males but increases it in females. Remarkably, SphK2 deficiency reverses the sexual dimorphism of HCC, as SphK2-/- male mice are protected whereas the females develop liver cancer. Only in male mice, chronic western diet induced accumulation of the autophagy receptor p62 and its downstream mediators, the antioxidant response target NQO1, and the oncogene c-Myc. SphK2 deletion repressed these known drivers of HCC development. Moreover, high p62 expression correlates with poor survival in male HCC patients but not in females. In hepatocytes, lipotoxicity-induced p62 accumulation is regulated by sex hormones and prevented by SphK2 deletion. Importantly, high SphK2 expression in male but not female HCC patients is associated with a more aggressive HCC differentiation status and increased risk of cancer recurrence. CONCLUSIONS This work identifies SphK2 as a potential regulator of HCC sexual dimorphism and suggests SphK2 inhibitors now in clinical trials could have opposing, gender-specific effects in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Ryan D R Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Baasanjav Uranbileg
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cynthia Weigel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sumit Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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2
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Karin M, Kim JY. MASH as an emerging cause of hepatocellular carcinoma: current knowledge and future perspectives. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38874196 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the deadliest and fastest-growing cancers. Among HCC etiologies, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has served as a major HCC driver due to its great potential for increasing cirrhosis. The obesogenic environment fosters a positive energy balance and results in a continuous rise of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, it is difficult to understand how metabolic complications lead to the poor prognosis of liver diseases and which molecular mechanisms are underpinning MAFLD-driven HCC development. Thus, suitable preclinical models that recapitulate human etiologies are essentially required. Numerous preclinical models have been created but not many mimicked anthropometric measures and the course of disease progression shown in the patients. Here we review the literature on adipose tissues, liver-related HCC etiologies and recently discovered genetic mutation signatures found in MAFLD-driven HCC patients. We also critically review current rodent models suggested for MAFLD-driven HCC study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ju Youn Kim
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Korea
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3
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Ling C, Liu SS, Wang YY, Huo GT, Yang YW, Xu N, Wang H, Wu Y, Miao YF, Fu R, Zhao YW, Fan CF. Overexpression of wild-type HRAS drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Zool Res 2024; 45:551-566. [PMID: 38757223 PMCID: PMC11188599 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2024.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent solid carcinoma of significant concern, is an aggressive and often fatal disease with increasing global incidence rates and poor therapeutic outcomes. The etiology and pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related HCC is multifactorial and multistage. However, no single animal model can accurately mimic the full NASH-related HCC pathological progression, posing considerable challenges to transition and mechanistic studies. Herein, a novel conditional inducible wild-type human HRAS overexpressed mouse model (HRAS-HCC) was established, demonstrating 100% morbidity and mortality within approximately one month under normal dietary and lifestyle conditions. Advanced symptoms of HCC such as ascites, thrombus, internal hemorrhage, jaundice, and lung metastasis were successfully replicated in mice. In-depth pathological features of NASH- related HCC were demonstrated by pathological staining, biochemical analyses, and typical marker gene detections. Combined murine anti-PD-1 and sorafenib treatment effectively prolonged mouse survival, further confirming the accuracy and reliability of the model. Based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and RNA sequencing analyses, we speculated that overexpression of HRAS may initiate the THBS1-COL4A3 axis to induce NASH with severe fibrosis, with subsequent progression to HCC. Collectively, our study successfully duplicated natural sequential progression in a single murine model over a very short period, providing an accurate and reliable preclinical tool for therapeutic evaluations targeting the NASH to HCC continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- Division of Animal Model Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Su-Su Liu
- Division of Animal Model Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yu-Ya Wang
- Division of Animal Model Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Gui-Tao Huo
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yan-Wei Yang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 100176, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Products Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Laboratory Animal Monitoring, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Division of Animal Model Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yu-Fa Miao
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 100176, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Division of Laboratory Animal Monitoring, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yu-Wei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China. E-mail:
| | - Chang-Fa Fan
- Division of Animal Model Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China. E-mail:
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4
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Xie Y, Huang Y, Li ZY, Jiang W, Shi NX, Lu Y, Cao G, Yin Z, Lin XJ. Interleukin-21 receptor signaling promotes metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-driven hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing immunosuppressive IgA + B cells. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:95. [PMID: 38720319 PMCID: PMC11077880 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of immune surveillance is tightly linked to the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to determine the role of interleukin-21 receptor (IL-21R) in MASH-driven HCC. METHODS The clinical significance of IL-21R was assessed in human HCC specimens using immunohistochemistry staining. Furthermore, the expression of IL-21R in mice was assessed in the STAM model. Thereafter, two different MASH-driven HCC mouse models were applied between IL-21R-deficient mice and wild type controls to explore the role of IL-21R in MASH-driven HCC. To further elucidate the potential mechanisms by which IL-21R affected MASH-driven HCC, whole transcriptome sequencing, flow cytometry and adoptive lymphocyte transfer were performed. Finally, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescent staining, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and western blotting were conducted to explore the mechanism by which IL-21R induced IgA+ B cells. RESULTS HCC patients with high IL-21R expression exhibited poor relapse-free survival, advanced TNM stage and severe steatosis. Additionally, IL-21R was demonstrated to be upregulated in mouse liver tumors. Particularly, ablation of IL-21R impeded MASH-driven hepatocarcinogenesis with dramatically reduction of lipid accumulation. Moreover, cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocyte activation was enhanced in the absence of IL-21R due to the reduction of immunosuppressive IgA+ B cells. Mechanistically, the IL-21R-STAT1-c-Jun/c-Fos regulatory axis was activated in MASH-driven HCC and thus promoted the transcription of Igha, resulting in the induction of IgA+ B cells. CONCLUSIONS IL-21R plays a cancer-promoting role by inducing IgA+ B cells in MASH-driven hepatocarcinogenesis. Targeting IL-21R signaling represents a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fatty Liver/metabolism
- Fatty Liver/pathology
- Fatty Liver/etiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Immunoglobulin A/metabolism
- Interleukin-21 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Interleukin-21 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/etiology
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-21/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-21/genetics
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yu Huang
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Li
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Weihua Jiang
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Nan-Xi Shi
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guangchao Cao
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Xue-Jia Lin
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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5
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Papadopoulos G, Giannousi E, Avdi AP, Velliou RI, Nikolakopoulou P, Chatzigeorgiou A. Τ cell-mediated adaptive immunity in the transition from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1343806. [PMID: 38774646 PMCID: PMC11106433 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1343806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the progressed version of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, but also a pathophysiological "hub" that favors the emergence of liver malignancies. Current research efforts aim to identify risk factors, discover disease biomarkers, and aid patient stratification in the context of MASH-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent cancer among MASLD patients. To investigate the tumorigenic transition in MASH-induced HCC, researchers predominantly exploit preclinical animal-based MASH models and studies based on archived human biopsies and clinical trials. Recapitulating the immune response during tumor development and progression is vital to obtain mechanistic insights into MASH-induced HCC. Notably, the advanced complexity behind MASLD and MASH pathogenesis shifted the research focus towards innate immunity, a fundamental element of the hepatic immune niche that is usually altered robustly in the course of liver disease. During the last few years, however, there has been an increasing interest for deciphering the role of adaptive immunity in MASH-induced HCC, particularly regarding the functions of the various T cell populations. To effectively understand the specific role of T cells in MASH-induced HCC development, scientists should urgently fill the current knowledge gaps in this field. Pinpointing the metabolic signature, sketching the immune landscape, and characterizing the cellular interactions and dynamics of the specific T cells within the MASH-HCC liver are essential to unravel the mechanisms that adaptive immunity exploits to enable the emergence and progression of this cancer. To this end, our review aims to summarize the current state of research regarding the T cell functions linked to MASH-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Papadopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Giannousi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini P. Avdi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rallia-Iliana Velliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Nikolakopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences (AIMES), Karolinska Institute and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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6
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Lyu J, Okada H, Sunagozaka H, Kawaguchi K, Shimakami T, Nio K, Murai K, Shirasaki T, Yoshida M, Arai K, Yamashita T, Tanaka T, Harada K, Takamura T, Kaneko S, Yamashita T, Honda M. Potential utility of l-carnitine for preventing liver tumors derived from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0425. [PMID: 38619434 PMCID: PMC11019826 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports have unveiled the potential utility of l-carnitine to alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) by enhancing mitochondrial metabolic function. However, its efficacy at preventing the development of HCC has not been assessed fully. METHODS l-carnitine (2 g/d) was administered to 11 patients with MASH for 10 weeks, and blood liver function tests were performed. Five patients received a serial liver biopsy, and liver histology and hepatic gene expression were evaluated using this tissue. An atherogenic plus high-fat diet MASH mouse model received long-term l-carnitine administration, and liver histology and liver tumor development were evaluated. RESULTS Ten-week l-carnitine administration significantly improved serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels along with a histological improvement in the NAFLD activity score, while steatosis and fibrosis were not improved. Gene expression profiling revealed a significant improvement in the inflammation and profibrotic gene signature as well as the recovery of lipid metabolism. Long-term l-carnitine administration to atherogenic plus high-fat diet MASH mice substantially improved liver histology (inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis) and significantly reduced the incidence of liver tumors. l-carnitine directly reduced the expression of the MASH-associated and stress-induced transcriptional factor early growth response 1. Early growth response 1 activated the promoter activity of neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9), an oncogenic protein. Thus, l-carnitine reduced the activation of the NEDD9, focal adhesion kinase 1, and AKT oncogenic signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Short-term l-carnitine administration ameliorated MASH through its anti-inflammatory effects. Long-term l-carnitine administration potentially improved the steatosis and fibrosis of MASH and may eventually reduce the risk of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Lyu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hikari Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hajime Sunagozaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shimakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kouki Nio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Murai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Shirasaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mika Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Research Center of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
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7
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Sun J, Esplugues E, Bort A, Cardelo MP, Ruz-Maldonado I, Fernández-Tussy P, Wong C, Wang H, Ojima I, Kaczocha M, Perry R, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Fatty acid binding protein 5 suppression attenuates obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting ferroptosis and intratumoral immune rewiring. Nat Metab 2024; 6:741-763. [PMID: 38664583 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the rise in overnutrition, the incidence of obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will continue to escalate; however, our understanding of the obesity to HCC developmental axis is limited. We constructed a single-cell atlas to interrogate the dynamic transcriptomic changes during hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Here we identify fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) as a driver of obesity-induced HCC. Analysis of transformed cells reveals that FABP5 inhibition and silencing predispose cancer cells to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis-induced cell death. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic ablation of FABP5 ameliorates the HCC burden in male mice, corresponding to enhanced ferroptosis in the tumour. Moreover, FABP5 inhibition induces a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment characterized by tumour-associated macrophages with increased expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and increased CD8+ T cell activation. Our work unravels the dual functional role of FABP5 in diet-induced HCC, inducing the transformation of hepatocytes and an immunosuppressive phenotype of tumour-associated macrophages and illustrates FABP5 inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sun
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Enric Esplugues
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alicia Bort
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Magdalena P Cardelo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inmaculada Ruz-Maldonado
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clara Wong
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hehe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine. Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Perry
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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8
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Zwirner S, Abu Rmilah AA, Klotz S, Pfaffenroth B, Kloevekorn P, Moschopoulou AA, Schuette S, Haag M, Selig R, Li K, Zhou W, Nelson E, Poso A, Chen H, Amiot B, Jia Y, Minshew A, Michalak G, Cui W, Rist E, Longerich T, Jung B, Felgendreff P, Trompak O, Premsrirut PK, Gries K, Muerdter TE, Heinkele G, Wuestefeld T, Shapiro D, Weissbach M, Koenigsrainer A, Sipos B, Ab E, Zacarias MO, Theisgen S, Gruenheit N, Biskup S, Schwab M, Albrecht W, Laufer S, Nyberg S, Zender L. First-in-class MKK4 inhibitors enhance liver regeneration and prevent liver failure. Cell 2024; 187:1666-1684.e26. [PMID: 38490194 PMCID: PMC11011246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Diminished hepatocyte regeneration is a key feature of acute and chronic liver diseases and after extended liver resections, resulting in the inability to maintain or restore a sufficient functional liver mass. Therapies to restore hepatocyte regeneration are lacking, making liver transplantation the only curative option for end-stage liver disease. Here, we report on the structure-based development and characterization (nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectroscopy) of first-in-class small molecule inhibitors of the dual-specificity kinase MKK4 (MKK4i). MKK4i increased liver regeneration upon hepatectomy in murine and porcine models, allowed for survival of pigs in a lethal 85% hepatectomy model, and showed antisteatotic and antifibrotic effects in liver disease mouse models. A first-in-human phase I trial (European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials [EudraCT] 2021-000193-28) with the clinical candidate HRX215 was conducted and revealed excellent safety and pharmacokinetics. Clinical trials to probe HRX215 for prevention/treatment of liver failure after extensive oncological liver resections or after transplantation of small grafts are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zwirner
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; HepaRegeniX GmbH, Tübingen 72072, Germany
| | - Anan A Abu Rmilah
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sabrina Klotz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Bent Pfaffenroth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Philip Kloevekorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Athina A Moschopoulou
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Svenja Schuette
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Mathias Haag
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70376, Germany
| | - Roland Selig
- HepaRegeniX GmbH, Tübingen 72072, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Kewei Li
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Erek Nelson
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Antti Poso
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland; iFIT Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Harvey Chen
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bruce Amiot
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yao Jia
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Anna Minshew
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gregory Michalak
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Elke Rist
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Felgendreff
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Omelyan Trompak
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Gries
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Thomas E Muerdter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70376, Germany
| | - Georg Heinkele
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70376, Germany
| | - Torsten Wuestefeld
- Laboratory for In Vivo Genetics & Gene Therapy, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138672, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | | | | | - Alfred Koenigsrainer
- iFIT Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of General-, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Bence Sipos
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Eiso Ab
- ZoBio B.V., Leiden 2333 CH, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70376, Germany; iFIT Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (TüCAD(2)), Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Scott Nyberg
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; iFIT Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (TüCAD(2)), Tübingen 72076, Germany.
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9
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Qi J, Guo Z, Zhu S, Jiang X, Wu Y, Chen Y, Hu F, Xiong J, Wu Y, Ye X, Liang X. Therapeutic effect of long-acting FGF21 with controlled site-specific modification on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129797. [PMID: 38290625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
FGF21 plays an active role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the short half-life and poor stability of wild-type FGF21 limit its clinical application. Previous studies found that PEGylation can significantly increase the stability of FGF21. However, the uneven distribution of PEGylation sites in FGF21 makes it difficult to purify PEG-FGF21, thereby affecting its yield, purity, and activity. To obtain long-acting FGF21 with controlled site-specific modification, we mutated lysine residues in FGF21, resulting in PEGylation only at the N-terminus of FGF21 (mFGF21). In addition, we modified mFGF21 molecules with different PEG molecules and selected the PEG-mFGF21 moiety with the highest activity. The yield of PEG-mFGF21 in this study reached 1 g/L (purity >99 %), and the purification process was simple and efficient with strong quality controllability. The half-life of PEG-mFGF21 in rats reached 40.5-67.4 h. Pharmacodynamic evaluation in mice with high-fat, high-cholesterol- and methionine and choline deficiency-induced NASH illustrated that PEG-mFGF21 exhibited long-term efficacy in improving liver steatosis and reducing liver cell damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. Taken together, PEG-mFGF21 could represent a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Qi
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Yingli Chen
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jingjing Xiong
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - YunZhou Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xianlong Ye
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
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10
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Tong L, Zheng X, Wang T, Gu W, Shen T, Yuan W, Wang S, Xing S, Liu X, Zhang C, Zhang C. Inhibition of UBA52 induces autophagy via EMC6 to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis and progression. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18164. [PMID: 38445807 PMCID: PMC10915828 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 (UBA52) has a role in the occurrence and development of tumours. However, the mechanism by which UBA52 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis and progression remains poorly understood. By using the Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8), colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays, we assessed the effects of UBA52 knockdown and overexpression on the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro. By establishing subcutaneous and metastatic tumour models in nude mice, we evaluated the effects of UBA52 on HCC cell proliferation and migration in vivo. Through bioinformatic analysis of data from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, we discovered that UBA52 is associated with autophagy. In addition, we discovered that HCC tissues with high UBA52 expression had a poor prognosis in patients. Moreover, knockdown of UBA52 reduced HCC cell growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, knockdown of UBA52 induced autophagy through EMC6 in HCC cells. These findings suggest that UBA52 promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells through autophagy regulation via EMC6 and imply that UBA52 may be a viable novel treatment target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tong
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Wang Gu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Tingting Shen
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Wenkang Yuan
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Songlin Xing
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- College of Life Sciences of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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11
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Bai L, Qu W, Cheng X, Yang H, Huang YP, Wang Z, Han C, Tian RF, Hu F, Yang L, Tian S, Tian H, Cai Z, Wan J, Jiang J, Fu J, Zhou J, Hu Y, Ma T, Zhang X, Ji YX, Cai J, She ZG, Wang Y, Zhang P, Huang L, Li H, Zhang XJ. Multispecies transcriptomics identifies SIKE as a MAPK repressor that prevents NASH progression. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eade7347. [PMID: 38354227 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade7347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) remains relatively benign, but high-risk to end-stage liver diseases become highly prevalent when it progresses into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Our current understanding of the development of NAFL to NASH remains insufficient. In this study, we revealed MAP kinase (MAPK) activation as the most notable molecular signature associated with NASH progression across multiple species. Furthermore, we identified suppressor of IKKε (SIKE) as a conserved and potent negative controller of MAPK activation. Hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Sike prevented NASH progression in diet- and toxin-induced mouse NASH models. Mechanistically, SIKE directly interacted with TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and TAK1-binding protein 2 (TAB2) to interrupt their binding and subsequent TAK1-MAPK signaling activation. We found that indobufen markedly up-regulated SIKE expression and effectively improved NASH features in mice and macaques. These findings identify SIKE as a MAPK suppressor that prevents NASH progression and provide proof-of-concept evidence for targeting the SIKE-TAK1 axis as a potential NASH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weiyi Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Cuijuan Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Rui-Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Song Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Juan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiajun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Junjie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Department of Neurology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yibin Wang
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Ganzhou 341008, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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12
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Wang X, Zhang L, Dong B. Molecular mechanisms in MASLD/MASH-related HCC. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00739. [PMID: 38349726 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the sixth most prevalent cancer type globally. NAFLD or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and its more severe manifestation, NASH or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), pose a significant global health concern, affecting approximately 20%-25% of the population. The increased prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and MASH is parallel to the increasing rates of obesity-associated metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and fatty liver diseases. MASH can progress to MASH-related HCC (MASH-HCC) in about 2% of cases each year, influenced by various factors such as genetic mutations, carcinogen exposure, immune microenvironment, and microbiome. MASH-HCC exhibits distinct molecular and immune characteristics compared to other causes of HCC and affects both men and women equally. The management of early to intermediate-stage MASH-HCC typically involves surgery and locoregional therapies, while advanced HCC is treated with systemic therapies, including anti-angiogenic therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this comprehensive review, we consolidate previous research findings while also providing the most current insights into the intricate molecular processes underlying MASH-HCC development. We delve into MASH-HCC-associated genetic variations and somatic mutations, disease progression and research models, multiomics analysis, immunological and microenvironmental impacts, and discuss targeted/combined therapies to overcome immune evasion and the biomarkers to recognize treatment responders. By furthering our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying MASH-HCC, our goal is to catalyze the advancement of more potent treatment strategies, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bingning Dong
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Fan W, Adebowale K, Váncza L, Li Y, Rabbi MF, Kunimoto K, Chen D, Mozes G, Chiu DKC, Li Y, Tao J, Wei Y, Adeniji N, Brunsing RL, Dhanasekaran R, Singhi A, Geller D, Lo SH, Hodgson L, Engleman EG, Charville GW, Charu V, Monga SP, Kim T, Wells RG, Chaudhuri O, Török NJ. Matrix viscoelasticity promotes liver cancer progression in the pre-cirrhotic liver. Nature 2024; 626:635-642. [PMID: 38297127 PMCID: PMC10866704 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics contribute to cancer development1,2, and increased stiffness is known to promote HCC progression in cirrhotic conditions3,4. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the ECM; however, how this affects HCC in non-cirrhotic conditions is unclear. Here we find that, in patients and animal models, AGEs promote changes in collagen architecture and enhance ECM viscoelasticity, with greater viscous dissipation and faster stress relaxation, but not changes in stiffness. High AGEs and viscoelasticity combined with oncogenic β-catenin signalling promote HCC induction, whereas inhibiting AGE production, reconstituting the AGE clearance receptor AGER1 or breaking AGE-mediated collagen cross-links reduces viscoelasticity and HCC growth. Matrix analysis and computational modelling demonstrate that lower interconnectivity of AGE-bundled collagen matrix, marked by shorter fibre length and greater heterogeneity, enhances viscoelasticity. Mechanistically, animal studies and 3D cell cultures show that enhanced viscoelasticity promotes HCC cell proliferation and invasion through an integrin-β1-tensin-1-YAP mechanotransductive pathway. These results reveal that AGE-mediated structural changes enhance ECM viscoelasticity, and that viscoelasticity can promote cancer progression in vivo, independent of stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Fan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kolade Adebowale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lóránd Váncza
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Md Foysal Rabbi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Koshi Kunimoto
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dongning Chen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gergely Mozes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Kung-Chun Chiu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yisi Li
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Tao
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Wei
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nia Adeniji
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ryan L Brunsing
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Aatur Singhi
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Geller
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Su Hao Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Vivek Charu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taeyoon Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalie J Török
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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14
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Liu Y, Chen H, Yan X, Zhang J, Deng Z, Huang M, Gu J, Zhang J. MyD88 in myofibroblasts enhances nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocarcinogenesis via promoting macrophage M2 polarization. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:86. [PMID: 38291436 PMCID: PMC10826060 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases and has emerged as the leading factor in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MyD88 contributes to the development of HCC. However, the underlying mechanism by which MyD88 in myofibroblasts regulates NAFLD-associated liver cancer development remains unknown. RESULTS Myofibroblast MyD88-deficient (SMAMyD88-/-) mice were protected from diet-induced obesity and developed fewer and smaller liver tumors. MyD88 deficiency in myofibroblasts attenuated macrophage M2 polarization and fat accumulation in HCC tissues. Mechanistically, MyD88 signaling in myofibroblasts enhanced CCL9 secretion, thereby promoting macrophage M2 polarization. This process may depend on the CCR1 receptor and STAT6/ PPARβ pathway. Furthermore, liver tumor growth was attenuated in mice treated with a CCR1 inhibitor. CCLl5 (homologous protein CCL9 in humans) expression was increased in myofibroblasts of HCC and was associated with shorter survival of patients with HCC. Thus, our results indicate that MyD88 in myofibroblasts promotes NAFLD-related HCC progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for HCC treatment. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that MyD88 in myofibroblasts can promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing macrophage M2 polarization, which might provide a potential molecular therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Road, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China
| | - Haiqiang Chen
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Road, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China
| | - Xuanxuan Yan
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Road, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Road, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Deng
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Maosheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianchun Gu
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Road, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China.
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15
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Ni Y, Lu M, Li M, Hu X, Li F, Wang Y, Xue D. Unraveling the underlying pathogenic factors driving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: an in-depth analysis of prognostically relevant gene signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:72. [PMID: 38238845 PMCID: PMC10795264 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive manifestation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the growing knowledge of NASH and HCC, the association between the two conditions remains to be fully explored. Bioinformatics has emerged as a valuable approach for identifying disease-specific feature genes, enabling advancements in disease prediction, prevention, and personalized treatment strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we utilized CellChat, copy number karyotyping of aneuploid tumors (CopyKAT), consensus Non-negative Matrix factorization (cNMF), Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene set variation analysis (GSVA), Monocle, spatial co-localization, single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), Slingshot, and the Scissor algorithm to analyze the cellular and immune landscape of NASH and HCC. Through the Scissor algorithm, we identified three cell types correlating with disease phenotypic features and subsequently developed a novel clinical prediction model using univariate, LASSO, and multifactor Cox regression. RESULTS Our results revealed that macrophages are a significant pathological factor in the development of NASH and HCC and that the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cellular crosstalk at the molecular level. We deduced three prognostic genes (YBX1, MED8, and KPNA2), demonstrating a strong diagnostic capability in both NASH and HCC. CONCLUSION These findings shed light on the pathological mechanisms shared between NASH and HCC, providing valuable insights for the development of novel clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ni
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Maoqing Lu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Dong Xue
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
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16
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Liu X, Yuan J, Liu S, Tang M, Meng X, Wang X, Li Y, Chai Y, Kou C, Yang Q, Li J, Zhang L, Guan Q, Zhang H. Investigating causal associations among gut microbiota, metabolites and autoimmune hypothyroidism: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1213159. [PMID: 38239342 PMCID: PMC10794377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites may be involved in autoimmune hypothyroidism. However, the causal association between gut microbiota, metabolites and autoimmune hypothyroidism remains to be determined. Methods Instrumental variables were screened from the GWAS datasets of 211 gut microbiota taxonomic groups, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and autoimmune hypothyroidism. Univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) were used to analyse the potential causal relationship between autoimmune hypothyroidism, these metabolites, or these microbiota. During the MR analysis, we alternated multiple MR methods with different model assumptions to assess the consistency and robustness of the findings: inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MRPRESSO) and MR-Egger methods. Reverse MR analysis was performed to assess the possibility of reverse causality. Finally, enrichment analyses were used to investigate potential biofunctions. Results The IVW results of univariable MR showed that the phyla Actinobacteria, genus DefluviitaleaceaeUCG011, genus Eggerthella, family Defluviitaleaceae, genus Subdoligranulum, genus RuminococcaceaeUCG011, and genus Intestinimonas were associated with autoimmune hypothyroidism. After FDR adjustment, the absence of a causal relationship between gut microbiota and autoimmune hypothyroidism (PFDR > 0.05) suggested a possible marginal association. The results on gut metabolites showed that N-(3-furoyl)glycine, pipecolate, phenylalanine, allantoin, indololactate and alanine were associated with autoimmune hypothyroidism. After FDR correction, only indololactate was associated with hypothyroidism (OR=1.592; 95% CI, 1.228-2.065; PFDR= 0.036). Family Defluviitaleaceae and genus DefluviitaleaceaeUCG011 were suggestively significant in the MVMR. The results of reverse MR analysis showed no reverse causality between autoimmune hypothyroidism and the identified gut microbiota. Enrichment analysis revealed that several key regulatory pathways were significantly enriched. Conclusion This study supported that there were beneficial or detrimental causal effects of gut microbiota and its metabolites on autoimmune hypothyroidism risk, which provides more theoretical support for mechanistic research on the "thyroid-gut" axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mulin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuwei Chai
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunjia Kou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juyi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China
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17
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Lambertucci F, Li S, Motiño O, Montégut L, Nogueira-Recalde U, Chen H, Anagnostopoulos G, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G, Martins I. Orthotopic Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:1-13. [PMID: 38315385 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Orthotopic models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) consist in the implantation of tumor cells into the liver by direct intrahepatic injection. In this model, tumorigenesis is triggered within the hepatic microenvironment, thus mimicking the metastatic behavior of HCC. Herein, we detail a surgically mediated methodology that allows the reproducible and effective induction of liver-sessile tumors in mice. We enumerate the steps to be followed before and after the surgical procedure, including HCC cell preparation, the quantity of cancer cells to be injected, presurgical preparation of the mice, and finally, postoperative care. The surgical procedure involves laparotomy to expose the liver, injection of cells into the left-lateral hepatic lobe, and closure of the incision with sutures followed by wound clips. We also provide information concerning the subsequent tumor growth follow-up, as well as the application of bioluminescence imaging to monitor tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Lambertucci
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sijing Li
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Omar Motiño
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Léa Montégut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Uxía Nogueira-Recalde
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Rheumatology Research Group (GIR), Biomedical Research Institute of A Coruña (INIBIC), Professor Novoa Santos Foundation, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
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18
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Cordier P, Sangouard F, Fang J, Kabore C, Desdouets C, Celton-Morizur S. Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Liver Tumorigenesis in Mice Under High-Hat High-Sucrose Diet: Stepwise High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging and Histopathological Correlations. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:27-55. [PMID: 38315387 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The hepatotoxic N-nitroso compound diethylnitrosamine (DEN) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) induces liver neoplasms in rodents that reproducibly recapitulate some aspects of human hepatocarcinogenesis. In particular, DEN drives the stepwise formation of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic (benign or malignant) hepatocellular lesions reminiscent of the initiation-promotion-progression sequence typical of chemical carcinogenesis. In humans, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is also a multi-step process triggered by continuous hepatocellular injury, chronic inflammation, and compensatory hyperplasia that fuel the emergence of dysplastic liver lesions followed by the formation of early HCC. The DEN-induced liver tumorigenesis model represents a versatile preclinical tool that enables the study of many tumor development modifiers (genetic background, gene knockout or overexpression, diets, pollutants, or drugs) with a thorough follow-up of the multistage process on live animals by means of high-resolution imaging. Here, we provide a comprehensive protocol for the induction of hepatocellular neoplasms in wild-type C57BL/6J male mice following i.p. DEN injection (25 mg/kg) at 14 days of age and 36 weeks feeding of a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. We emphasize the use of ultrasound liver imaging to follow tumor development and provide histopathological correlations. We also discuss the extrinsic and intrinsic factors known to modify the course of liver tumorigenesis in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cordier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Flora Sangouard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jing Fang
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Kabore
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Desdouets
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Celton-Morizur
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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19
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Motiño O, Li S, Lambertucci F, Anagnostopoulos G, Montégut L, Nogueira-Recalde U, Chen H, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G, Martins I. A Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced by Streptozotocin and High-Fat Diet. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:67-75. [PMID: 38315389 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death. HCC is associated to chronic diseases such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus, and obesity, among others. Although pre-clinical models have been investigated to mimic the transition from NAFLD to HCC, they do not accurately reproduce the phenotypic evolution from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and HCC. Hence, these models have failed to demonstrate the influence of diabetes on hepatic carcinogenesis. Here, we report a novel mouse model of HCC triggered by fast-developing diabetes and NAFLD. The first step consists in a single intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of streptozotocin into neonatal C57BL/6J mice to induce type 2 diabetes. In a second step, mice are fed with high-fat diet to accelerate the development of simple steatosis. Continuous high-fat diet exacerbates hepatic fat deposition with increased lobular inflammation (by activation of foam cell-like macrophages) and fibrosis (by activating hepatic stellate cells), two representative pathological traits of steatohepatitis/fibrosis. After 20 weeks, all mice developed multiple HCCs. This model of hepatic carcinogenesis triggered by diabetes mellitus and NAFLD offers the advantage of being rapid and accurately recapitulates the pathogenesis of human HCC without the need of administering hepatic carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Motiño
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sijing Li
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Flavia Lambertucci
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Léa Montégut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Uxía Nogueira-Recalde
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Rheumatology Research Group (GIR), Biomedical Research Institute of A Coruña (INIBIC), Professor Novoa Santos Foundation, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
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20
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Srinivas AN, Suresh D, Chidambaram SB, Santhekadur PK, Kumar DP. Apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor-mediated liver damage and inflammation to cancer: Therapeutic intervention by curcumin in experimental metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:135-151. [PMID: 37942831 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In tandem with the expanding obesity pandemic, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as NASH)- driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is predicted to rise globally, creating a significant need for therapeutic interventions. We previously identified the upregulation of apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), which is implicated in facilitating the progression from MASH to HCC. The objective of this study was to examine whether the intervention of curcumin could alleviate AATF-mediated MASH, inhibit tumor growth, and elucidate the underlying mechanism. A preclinical murine model mimicking human MASH-HCC was employed, subjecting mice to either a chow diet normal water (CDNW) or western diet sugar water (WDSW) along with very low dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 - 0.2 μL/g, weekly). Mice receiving curcumin (CUR) alongside WDSW/CCl4 exhibited significant improvements, including reduced liver enzymes, dyslipidemia, steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning. Curcumin treatment also suppressed hepatic expression of inflammatory, fibrogenic, and oncogenic markers. Of note, there was a significant reduction in the expression of AATF upon curcumin treatment in WDSW/CCl4 mice and human HCC cells. In contrast, curcumin upregulated Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in MASH liver and HCC cells, which is known to downregulate sp1 (specificity protein-1) expression. Thus, curcumin treatment effectively inhibited the progression of MASH to HCC by downregulating the expression of AATF via the KLF4-Sp1 signaling pathway. These preclinical findings establish a novel molecular connection between curcumin and AATF in reducing hepatocarcinogenesis, and provide a strong rationale for the development of curcumin as a viable treatment for MASH-HCC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha N Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Diwakar Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Saravana B Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya P Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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21
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Hansen HH, Pors S, Andersen MW, Vyberg M, Nøhr-Meldgaard J, Nielsen MH, Oró D, Madsen MR, Lewinska M, Møllerhøj MB, Madsen AN, Feigh M. Semaglutide reduces tumor burden in the GAN diet-induced obese and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NASH-HCC with advanced fibrosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:23056. [PMID: 38155202 PMCID: PMC10754821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, it is not resolved if compounds in late-stage clinical development for NASH may have additional therapeutic benefits in NASH-driven HCC (NASH-HCC). Here, we profiled monotherapy with semaglutide (glucagon-like-receptor-1 receptor agonist) and lanifibranor (pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonist) in a diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model of NASH-HCC. Disease progression was characterized in male C57BL/6 J mice fed the GAN (Gubra Amylin NASH) diet high in fat, fructose and cholesterol for 12-72 weeks (n = 15 per group). Other GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mice fed the GAN diet for 54 weeks and with biopsy-confirmed NASH (NAFLD Activity Score ≥ 5) and advanced fibrosis (stage F3) received vehicle (n = 16), semaglutide (30 nmol/kg, s.c., n = 15), or lanifibranor (30 mg/kg, p.o., n = 15) once daily for 14 weeks. GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mice demonstrated progressive NASH, fibrosis and HCC burden. Tumors presented with histological and molecular signatures of poor prognostic HCC. Consistent with clinical trial outcomes in NASH patients, both lanifibranor and semaglutide improved NASH while only lanifibranor reduced fibrosis in GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mice. Notably, only semaglutide reduced tumor burden in GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mice. In conclusion, the GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mouse is a clinical translational model of NASH-HCC. Semaglutide improves both NASH and tumor burden in GAN DIO-NASH-HCC mice, highlighting the suitability of this preclinical model for profiling novel drug therapies targeting NASH-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Pors
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Mogens Vyberg
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Denise Oró
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Feigh
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
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22
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Panneerselvam S, Wilson C, Kumar P, Abirami D, Pamarthi J, Reddy MS, Varghese J. Overview of hepatocellular carcinoma: from molecular aspects to future therapeutic options. Cell Adh Migr 2023; 17:1-21. [PMID: 37726886 PMCID: PMC10512929 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2023.2258539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most highly prevalent malignant tumor globally and the second most common cause of mortality. HCC develops with complex pathways that occur through multistage biological processes. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C are the causative etiologies of HCC. HCC develops as a result of epigenetic changes, protein-coding gene mutations, and altered signaling pathways. Biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for HCC open up new possibilities for treating the disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are included in the treatment options in combination with molecular targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugan Panneerselvam
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Hepatology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Cornelia Wilson
- Natural and Applied Sciences, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Discovery Park, Sandwich, UK
| | - Prem Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Hepatology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dinu Abirami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayakrishna Pamarthi
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mettu Srinivas Reddy
- The Director and Head, Liver Transplant and HPB surgery, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joy Varghese
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Lee SY, Tan DJH, Lim WH, Ng CH, Muthiah M, Huang DQ. Clinical utility of non-invasive tests to predict clinical outcomes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2023; 12:916-918. [PMID: 38115945 PMCID: PMC10727826 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-23-460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren J. H. Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Muthiah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Q. Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Zhao Y, Tan H, Zhang X, Zhu J. Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 28:e18042. [PMID: 37987033 PMCID: PMC10902579 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the main pathological type of liver cancer, is linked to risk factors such as viral hepatitis, alcohol intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding that NAFLD is playing a major risk factor for HCC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a class of transcription factors divided into three subtypes: PPARα (PPARA), PPARδ/β (PPARD) and PPARγ (PPARG). As important nuclear receptors, PPARs are involved in many physiological processes, and PPARs can improve NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism, accelerating fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting inflammation. In recent years, some studies have shown that PPARs can participate in the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating metabolic pathways. In addition, PPAR modulators have been reported to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells and can enhance the curative effect of conventional treatments. This article reviews the role of PPARs in the occurrence and development of HCC, as well as its value in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCC, in order to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huabing Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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25
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Soeda K, Sasako T, Enooku K, Kubota N, Kobayashi N, Ikushima YM, Awazawa M, Bouchi R, Toda G, Yamada T, Nakatsuka T, Tateishi R, Kakiuchi M, Yamamoto S, Tatsuno K, Atarashi K, Suda W, Honda K, Aburatani H, Yamauchi T, Fujishiro M, Noda T, Koike K, Kadowaki T, Ueki K. Gut insulin action protects from hepatocarcinogenesis in diabetic mice comorbid with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6584. [PMID: 37852976 PMCID: PMC10584811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is known to increase the risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we treat male STAM (STelic Animal Model) mice, which develop diabetes, NASH and HCC associated with dysbiosis upon low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat diet (HFD), with insulin or phlorizin. Although both treatments ameliorate hyperglycemia and NASH, insulin treatment alone lead to suppression of HCC accompanied by improvement of dysbiosis and restoration of antimicrobial peptide production. There are some similarities in changes of microflora from insulin-treated patients comorbid with diabetes and NASH. Insulin treatment, however, fails to suppress HCC in the male STAM mice lacking insulin receptor specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (ieIRKO), which show dysbiosis and impaired gut barrier function. Furthermore, male ieIRKO mice are prone to develop HCC merely on HFD. These data suggest that impaired gut insulin signaling increases the risk of HCC, which can be countered by restoration of insulin action in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Soeda
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Enooku
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoharu Awazawa
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Bouchi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Information Center, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gotaro Toda
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Nakatsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwako Kakiuchi
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yamamoto
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science Division, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Atarashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenya Honda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Noda
- Department of Cell Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Diabetology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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26
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Kuang J, Wang J, Li Y, Li M, Zhao M, Ge K, Zheng D, Cheung KCP, Liao B, Wang S, Chen T, Zhang Y, Wang C, Ji G, Chen P, Zhou H, Xie C, Zhao A, Jia W, Zheng X, Jia W. Hyodeoxycholic acid alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through modulating the gut-liver axis. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1752-1766.e8. [PMID: 37591244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is regarded as a pandemic that affects about a quarter of the global population. Recently, host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions have emerged as distinct mechanistic pathways implicated in the development of NAFLD. Here, we report that a group of gut microbiota-modified bile acids (BAs), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) species, are negatively correlated with the presence and severity of NAFLD. HDCA treatment has been shown to alleviate NAFLD in multiple mouse models by inhibiting intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and upregulating hepatic CYP7B1. Additionally, HDCA significantly increased abundances of probiotic species such as Parabacteroides distasonis, which enhances lipid catabolism through fatty acid-hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling, which in turn upregulates hepatic FXR. These findings suggest that HDCA has therapeutic potential for treating NAFLD, with a unique mechanism of simultaneously activating hepatic CYP7B1 and PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Kuang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jieyi Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yitao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengci Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Mingliang Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Kun Ge
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Kenneth C P Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Boya Liao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shouli Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Tianlu Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Congrong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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27
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Nassar-Reis JP, Umeta PF, Stefano JT, Longatto-Filho A, Carrilho FJ, Alves VAF, Cogliati B, Oliveira CP. P53 and VEGF are promising biomarkers for sorafenib efficacy in an experimental model of NASH-related HCC. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:473-488. [PMID: 37605073 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is poorly understood. In this study we evaluated the effects of sorafenib based on the expression of molecular markers related to major hepatocarcinogenesis pathways and angiogenesis in a NASH-related HCC model. Forty male rats were submitted to NASH-HCC induction through the combination of a high-fat and choline deficient diet and diethylnitrosamine (100 mg/L) administration in the drinking water for 13 and 16 weeks. After the induction period, the rats received daily gavage administration of saline solution (control) or Sorafenib (5 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Thereafter, the animals were euthanized and samples from liver nodules were collected for histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical assessment of HEP-PAR-1, glutamine-synthetase, VEGF, survivin, β-catenin and p53. A semi-quantitative score was used for VEGF, survivin and β-catenin analysis. For p53, the percentage of positive cells was determined. Results were processed by Wilcoxon's test or Student's t-test. Both protocols efficiently induced HCC, most of them being moderately to poorly differentiated. Sorafenib-treated animals showed a decreased expression of VEGF and p53 in HCCs generated at 13 weeks when compared to control animals (p = 0.03; p = 0.04, respectively). No significant difference in β-catenin and survivin were observed. There was a significant decrease in VEGF and p53 expression when comparing the two control groups (13 vs. 16 weeks, p < 0.01). p53 and VEGF are promising biomarkers for assessment of efficacy of Sorafenib, whereas survivin and β-catenin were not found useful. Decreased immunohistochemical expression of p53 and VEGF in the 16 week control group may indicate a different metabolic status of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Nassar-Reis
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Liver Research (Liver Lab), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fukui Umeta
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - José Tadeu Stefano
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Department of Pathology (LIM-14), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 05808-010, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, 4704-553, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Flair José Carrilho
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Liver Research (Liver Lab), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Claudia P Oliveira
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
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28
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Hatano M, Akiyama Y, Shimada S, Yagi K, Akahoshi K, Itoh M, Tanabe M, Ogawa Y, Tanaka S. Loss of KDM6B epigenetically confers resistance to lipotoxicity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related HCC. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0277. [PMID: 37782459 PMCID: PMC10545410 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD caused by abnormalities in hepatic lipid metabolism is associated with an increased risk of developing HCC. The molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of NAFLD-related HCC are not fully understood. We investigated the molecular mechanism and role of KDM6B downregulation in NAFLD-related HCC after the KDM6B gene was identified using microarray analysis as commonly downregulated in mouse NAFLD-related HCC and human nonhepatitis B and nonhepatitis C viral-HCC. METHODS The 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels of KDM6B in HCC cells were determined using glycosylated hydroxymethyl-sensitive PCR. Microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses using KDM6B-knockout (KO) cells were used to identify KDM6B target genes. Lipotoxicity was assessed using a palmitate-treated cell proliferation assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate KDM6B expression in human HCC tissues. RESULTS KDM6B expression levels in HCC cells correlated with the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels in the KDM6B gene body region. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the lipid metabolism pathway was suppressed in KDM6B-KO cells. KDM6B-KO cells acquired resistance to lipotoxicity (p < 0.01) and downregulated the expression of G0S2, an adipose triglyceride lipase/patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 (ATGL/PNPLA2) inhibitor, through increased histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation levels. G0S2 knockdown in KDM6B-expressed HCC cells conferred lipotoxicity resistance, whereas ATGL/PNPLA2 inhibition in the KDM6B-KO cells reduced these effects. Immunohistochemistry revealed that KDM6B expression was decreased in human NAFLD-related HCC tissues (p < 0.001), which was significantly associated with decreased G0S2 expression (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS KDM6B-disrupted HCC acquires resistance to lipotoxicity via ATGL/PNPLA2 activation caused by epigenetic downregulation of G0S2 expression. Reduced KDM6B and G0S2 expression levels are common in NAFLD-related HCC. Targeting the KDM6B-G0S2-ATGL/PNPLA2 pathway may be a useful therapeutic strategy for NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Hatano
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Akiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Shimada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yagi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Akahoshi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Itoh
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanabe
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Boslem E, Reibe S, Carlessi R, Smeuninx B, Tegegne S, Egan CL, McLennan E, Terry LV, Nobis M, Mu A, Nowell C, Horadagoda N, Mellett NA, Timpson P, Jones M, Denisenko E, Forrest AR, Tirnitz-Parker JE, Meikle PJ, Rose-John S, Karin M, Febbraio MA. Therapeutic blockade of ER stress and inflammation prevents NASH and progression to HCC. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh0831. [PMID: 37703359 PMCID: PMC10499313 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly rising largely because of increased obesity leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a known HCC risk factor. There are no approved treatments to treat NASH. Here, we first used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to characterize a mouse model that mimics human NASH-driven HCC, the MUP-uPA mouse fed a high-fat diet. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation was observed in a subset of hepatocytes that was enriched in mice that progress to HCC. We next treated MUP-uPA mice with the ER stress inhibitor BGP-15 and soluble gp130Fc, a drug that blocks inflammation by preventing interleukin-6 trans-signaling. Both drugs have progressed to phase 2/3 human clinical trials for other indications. We show that this combined therapy reversed NASH and reduced NASH-driven HCC. Our data suggest that these drugs could provide a potential therapy for NASH progression to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Boslem
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saskia Reibe
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Benoit Smeuninx
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Surafel Tegegne
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Casey L. Egan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma McLennan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lauren V. Terry
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andre Mu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge UK
| | - Cameron Nowell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neil Horadagoda
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, Australia
| | | | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Jones
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elena Denisenko
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alistair R. R. Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Li Q, Wang W, Duan F, Wang Y, Chen S, Shi K, Xia Y, Li X, Gao Y, Liu G. DNMT3B Alleviates Liver Steatosis Induced by Chronic Low-grade LPS via Inhibiting CIDEA Expression. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:59-77. [PMID: 37703946 PMCID: PMC10665944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and threats to human health. Gut dysbiosis caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage has been strongly related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Previous studies have shown that low-grade LPS administration to mice on a standard, low-fat chow diet is sufficient to induce symptoms of fatty liver. This study confirmed these findings and supported LPS as a lipid metabolism regulator in the liver. RESULTS Mechanically, LPS induced dysregulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting the expression of DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B). Genetic overexpression of DNMT3B alleviated LPS-induced lipid accumulation, whereas its knockdown increased steatosis in mice and human hepatocytes. LPS-induced lower expression of DNMT3B led to hypomethylation in promoter region of CIDEA, resulting in increased binding of SREBP-1c to its promoter and activated CIDEA expression. Hepatic interference of CIDEA reversed the effect of LPS on lipogenesis. These effects were independent of a high-fat diet or high fatty acid action. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings sustain the conclusion that LPS is a lipogenic factor and could be involved in hepatic steatosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Feifan Duan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yaju Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Kangyun Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
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31
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5405. [PMID: 37669951 PMCID: PMC10480499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed male mice. The focus of this work is to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreases liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed male mice releases nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevents hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qiu
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ahmed Lawan
- University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Chrysovalantou E Xirouchaki
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Jae-Sung Yi
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Marie Robert
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wendy Brown
- Monash University Department of Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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32
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Talamantes S, Lisjak M, Gilglioni EH, Llamoza-Torres CJ, Ramos-Molina B, Gurzov EN. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes mellitus as growing aetiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100811. [PMID: 37575883 PMCID: PMC10413159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are well-established risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review provides insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of steatosis, hyperinsulinemia and hepatic inflammation in HCC development and progression. We focus on recent findings linking intracellular pathways and transcription factors that can trigger the reprogramming of hepatic cells. In addition, we highlight the role of enzymes in dysregulated metabolic activity and consequent dysfunctional signalling. Finally, we discuss the potential uses and challenges of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat NAFLD/T2D-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Talamantes
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Michela Lisjak
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Eduardo H. Gilglioni
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Camilo J. Llamoza-Torres
- Department of Hepatology, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, 30120, Spain
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, 30120, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, 30120, Spain
| | - Esteban N. Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, 30120, Spain
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur 6, Wavre, 1300, Belgium
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33
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Lominadze Z, Shaik MR, Choi D, Zaffar D, Mishra L, Shetty K. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Genetic Classification. Cancer J 2023; 29:249-258. [PMID: 37796642 PMCID: PMC10686192 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global burden, with management complicated by its heterogeneity, varying presentation, and relative resistance to therapy. Recent advances in the understanding of the genetic, molecular, and immunological underpinnings of HCC have allowed a detailed classification of these tumors, with resultant implications for diagnosis, prognostication, and selection of appropriate treatments. Through the correlation of genomic features with histopathology and clinical outcomes, we are moving toward a comprehensive and unifying framework to guide our diagnostic and therapeutic approach to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurabi Lominadze
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | | | - Dabin Choi
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center
| | - Duha Zaffar
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Midtown Medical Center
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
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34
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Fang J, Celton-Morizur S, Desdouets C. NAFLD-Related HCC: Focus on the Latest Relevant Preclinical Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3723. [PMID: 37509384 PMCID: PMC10377912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Despite extensive research, the biological mechanisms underlying HCC's development and progression remain only partially understood. Chronic overeating and/or sedentary-lifestyle-associated obesity, which promote Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), have recently emerged as worrying risk factors for HCC. NAFLD is characterized by excessive hepatocellular lipid accumulation (steatosis) and affects one quarter of the world's population. Steatosis progresses in the more severe inflammatory form, Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), potentially leading to HCC. The incidence of NASH is expected to increase by up to 56% over the next 10 years. Better diagnoses and the establishment of effective treatments for NAFLD and HCC will require improvements in our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the disease's development. This review describes the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the mechanisms underlying the transition from NAFL/NASH to HCC. We also discuss a selection of appropriate preclinical models of NAFLD for research, from cellular models such as liver-on-a-chip models to in vivo models, focusing particularly on mouse models of dietary NAFLD-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Séverine Celton-Morizur
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Chantal Desdouets
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75005 Paris, France
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35
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Saigo Y, Sasase T, Tohma M, Uno K, Shinozaki Y, Maekawa T, Sano R, Miyajima K, Ohta T. High-cholesterol diet in combination with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin induces NASH-like disorders in the liver of rats. Physiol Res 2023; 72:371-382. [PMID: 37449749 PMCID: PMC10668992 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a general term for fatty liver disease not caused by viruses or alcohol. Fibrotic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma can develop. The recent increase in NAFLD incidence worldwide has stimulated drug development efforts. However, there is still no approved treatment. This may be due in part to the fact that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) pathogenesis is very complex, and its mechanisms are not well understood. Studies with animals are very important for understanding the pathogenesis. Due to the close association between the establishment of human NASH pathology and metabolic syndrome, several animal models have been reported, especially in the context of overnutrition. In this study, we investigated the induction of NASH-like pathology by enhancing cholesterol absorption through treatment with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CDX). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a normal diet with normal water (control group); a high-fat (60 kcal%), cholesterol (1.25 %), and cholic acid (0.5 %) diet with normal water (HFCC group); or HFCC diet with 2 % CDX water (HFCC+CDX group) for 16 weeks. Compared to the control group, the HFCC and HFCC+CDX groups showed increased blood levels of total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. At autopsy, parameters related to hepatic lipid synthesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis were elevated, suggesting the development of NAFLD/NASH. Elevated levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes were evident in the HFCC+CDX group. In the novel rat model, excessive cholesterol intake and accelerated absorption contributed to NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saigo
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
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36
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.548263. [PMID: 37502892 PMCID: PMC10369865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.548263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed mice. The focus of this work was to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreased liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed mice released nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevent hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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37
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Basha A, May SC, Anderson RM, Samala N, Mirmira RG. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Translating Disease Mechanisms into Therapeutics Using Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9996. [PMID: 37373143 PMCID: PMC10298283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a range of pathologies arising from fat accumulation in the liver in the absence of excess alcohol use or other causes of liver disease. Its complications include cirrhosis and liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and eventual death. NAFLD is the most common cause of liver disease globally and is estimated to affect nearly one-third of individuals in the United States. Despite knowledge that the incidence and prevalence of NAFLD are increasing, the pathophysiology of the disease and its progression to cirrhosis remain insufficiently understood. The molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD involves insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Better insight into these molecular pathways would allow for therapies that target specific stages of NAFLD. Preclinical animal models have aided in defining these mechanisms and have served as platforms for screening and testing of potential therapeutic approaches. In this review, we will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms thought to contribute to NAFLD, with a focus on the role of animal models in elucidating these mechanisms and in developing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Basha
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sarah C. May
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ryan M. Anderson
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Niharika Samala
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Raghavendra G. Mirmira
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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38
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Chen Y, Wang W, Morgan MP, Robson T, Annett S. Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1148934. [PMID: 37361533 PMCID: PMC10286797 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it is a risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and ultimately to HCC. The rising incidence of obesity is resulting in an increased prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, and subsequently HCC. Obesity represents an increasingly important underlying etiology of HCC, in particular as the other leading causes of HCC such as hepatitis infection, are declining due to effective treatments and vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated HCC. We summarize the preclinical experimental animal models available to study the features of NAFLD/NASH/HCC, and the non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD, NASH and early-stage HCC. Finally, since HCC is an aggressive tumor with a 5-year survival of less than 20%, we will also discuss novel therapeutic targets for obesity-associated HCC and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Maria P. Morgan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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39
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Lee YS, Seki E. In Vivo and In Vitro Models to Study Liver Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Limitations. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:355-367. [PMID: 37270060 PMCID: PMC10444957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common result of liver injury owing to various kinds of chronic liver diseases. A deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis and identifying potential therapeutic targets of liver fibrosis is important because liver fibrosis may progress to advanced liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite numerous studies, the underlying mechanisms of liver fibrosis remain unclear. Mechanisms of the development and progression of liver fibrosis differ according to etiologies. Therefore, appropriate liver fibrosis models should be selected according to the purpose of the study and the type of underlying disease. Many in vivo animal and in vitro models have been developed to study liver fibrosis. However, there are no perfect preclinical models for liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current in vivo and in vitro models for studying liver fibrosis and highlight emerging in vitro models, including organoids and liver-on-a-chip models. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms and limitations of each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Lee
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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40
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Li X, Lu Y, Liang X, Zhou X, Li D, Zhang Z, Niu Y, Liu S, Ye L, Zhang R. A new NASH model in aged mice with rapid progression of steatohepatitis and fibrosis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286257. [PMID: 37228085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high prevalence worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients progressing into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and further into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most of the current animal models of NASH have limitations, such as incompatibility with human pathogenesis characteristics or long induction periods, which severely limit the development of new drugs and preclinical studies for NASH. We investigated the progression of NASH and fibrosis, as well as metabolic indicators, at different time points in aged mice induced by the Gubra Amylin NASH (GAN) diet, a high-fat, high-sugar, high-cholesterol diet, and attempted to establish a rapid and useful mouse model of NASH. Young and aged C57BL/6 mice were induced on a normal chow or GAN diet for 12 and 21 weeks, respectively. After 12 weeks of induction, aged mice developed NASH, including hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation and hepatic ballooning, and the phenotype was more severe compared with young mice. After 21 weeks of induction, aged mice developed hepatic fibrosis, which greatly shortened the induction time compared with young mice. Furthermore, analysis of immune cell infiltration in the liver by flow cytometry elucidated the changes of multiple immune cells during the pathogenesis of NASH. These findings suggest that aged mice may develop NASH and fibrosis more rapidly under GAN diet induction, which may significantly shorten the period for preclinical studies of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Li
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Liang
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Dirui Li
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Zan Zhang
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Yunchao Niu
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liu
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
| | - Rufeng Zhang
- Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Daxing District, China
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Fujinuma S, Nakatsumi H, Shimizu H, Sugiyama S, Harada A, Goya T, Tanaka M, Kohjima M, Takahashi M, Izumi Y, Yagi M, Kang D, Kaneko M, Shigeta M, Bamba T, Ohkawa Y, Nakayama KI. FOXK1 promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by mediating mTORC1-dependent inhibition of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112530. [PMID: 37209098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by overnutrition and can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The transcription factor Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) is implicated in regulation of lipid metabolism downstream of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), but its role in NAFLD-NASH pathogenesis is understudied. Here, we show that FOXK1 mediates nutrient-dependent suppression of lipid catabolism in the liver. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Foxk1 in mice fed a NASH-inducing diet ameliorates not only hepatic steatosis but also associated inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis, resulting in improved survival. Genome-wide transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identify several lipid metabolism-related genes, including Ppara, as direct targets of FOXK1 in the liver. Our results suggest that FOXK1 plays a key role in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and that its inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD-NASH, as well as for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Fujinuma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nakatsumi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shimizu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Sugiyama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Harada
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Goya
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatake Tanaka
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Kohjima
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikako Yagi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mayo Shigeta
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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42
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Carlessi R, Denisenko E, Boslem E, Köhn-Gaone J, Main N, Abu Bakar NDB, Shirolkar GD, Jones M, Beasley AB, Poppe D, Dwyer BJ, Jackaman C, Tjiam MC, Lister R, Karin M, Fallowfield JA, Kendall TJ, Forbes SJ, Gray ES, Olynyk JK, Yeoh G, Forrest AR, Ramm GA, Febbraio MA, Tirnitz-Parker JE. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of pre-malignant liver reveals disease-associated hepatocyte state with HCC prognostic potential. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100301. [PMID: 37228755 PMCID: PMC10203275 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches to staging chronic liver diseases have limited utility for predicting liver cancer risk. Here, we employed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to characterize the cellular microenvironment of healthy and pre-malignant livers using two distinct mouse models. Downstream analyses unraveled a previously uncharacterized disease-associated hepatocyte (daHep) transcriptional state. These cells were absent in healthy livers but increasingly prevalent as chronic liver disease progressed. Copy number variation (CNV) analysis of microdissected tissue demonstrated that daHep-enriched regions are riddled with structural variants, suggesting these cells represent a pre-malignant intermediary. Integrated analysis of three recent human snRNA-seq datasets confirmed the presence of a similar phenotype in human chronic liver disease and further supported its enhanced mutational burden. Importantly, we show that high daHep levels precede carcinogenesis and predict a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development. These findings may change the way chronic liver disease patients are staged, surveilled, and risk stratified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Carlessi
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elena Denisenko
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ebru Boslem
- Cellular & Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Julia Köhn-Gaone
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Nathan Main
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - N. Dianah B. Abu Bakar
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Gayatri D. Shirolkar
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Matthew Jones
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Aaron B. Beasley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel Poppe
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Dwyer
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Connie Jackaman
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - M. Christian Tjiam
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ryan Lister
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Fallowfield
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy J. Kendall
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart J. Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elin S. Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - John K. Olynyk
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - George Yeoh
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alistair R.R. Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Grant A. Ramm
- Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Cellular & Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Janina E.E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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43
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Gu L, Zhu Y, Lee M, Nguyen A, Ryujin NT, Huang JY, Pandit SK, Chamseddine S, Xiao L, Mohamed YI, Kaseb AO, Karin M, Shalapour S. Angiotensin II receptor inhibition ameliorates liver fibrosis and enhances hepatocellular carcinoma infiltration by effector T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300706120. [PMID: 37126700 PMCID: PMC10175751 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300706120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is declining, nonviral HCC, which often is the end stage of nonalcoholic or alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, ASH), is on an upward trajectory. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that block the T cell inhibitory receptor PD-1 were approved for treatment of all HCC types. However, only a minority of HCC patients show a robust and sustained response to PD-1 blockade, calling for improved understanding of factors that negatively impact response rate and duration and the discovery of new adjuvant treatments that enhance ICI responsiveness. Using a mouse model of NASH-driven HCC, we identified peritumoral fibrosis as a potential obstacle to T cell-mediated tumor regression and postulated that antifibrotic medications may increase ICI responsiveness. We now show that the angiotensin II receptor inhibitor losartan, a commonly prescribed and safe antihypertensive drug, reduced liver and peritumoral fibrosis and substantially enhanced anti-PD-1-induced tumor regression. Although losartan did not potentiate T cell reinvigoration, it substantially enhanced HCC infiltration by effector CD8+ T cells compared to PD-1 blockade alone. The beneficial effects of losartan correlated with blunted TGF-β receptor signaling, reduced collagen deposition, and depletion of immunosuppressive fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gu
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Yahui Zhu
- Department of Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Maiya Lee
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Albert Nguyen
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Nicolas T. Ryujin
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Jian Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Shusil K. Pandit
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Shadi Chamseddine
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Lianchun Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Yehia I. Mohamed
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Ahmed O. Kaseb
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
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44
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Jiang L, Zhao J, Yang Q, Li M, Liu H, Xiao X, Tian S, Hu S, Liu Z, Yang P, Chen M, Ye P, Xia J. Lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 5 ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by promoting the degradation of CDC42 in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2654. [PMID: 37156795 PMCID: PMC10167344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has received great attention due to its high incidence. Here, we show that lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5) is associated with NASH progression through extensive bioinformatical analysis. The protein level of LAPTM5 bears a negative correlation with NAS score. Moreover, LAPTM5 degradation is mediated through its ubiquitination modification by the E3 ubquitin ligase NEDD4L. Discovered by experiments conducted on male mice, hepatocyte-specific depletion of Laptm5 exacerbates mouse NASH symptoms. In contrast, Laptm5 overexpression in hepatocytes exerts diametrically opposite effects. Mechanistically, LAPTM5 interacts with CDC42 and promotes its degradation through a lysosome-dependent manner under the stimulation of palmitic acid, thus inhibiting activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Finally, adenovirus-mediated hepatic Laptm5 overexpression ameliorates aforementioned symptoms in NASH models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430014, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Huanggang Central Hospital, 438021, Huanggang, China
| | - Mei Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyue Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Tian
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha Hu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiwen Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Manhua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430014, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430014, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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45
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Cable J, Rathmell JC, Pearce EL, Ho PC, Haigis MC, Mamedov MR, Wu MJ, Kaech SM, Lynch L, Febbraio MA, Bapat SP, Hong HS, Zou W, Belkaid Y, Sullivan ZA, Keller A, Wculek SK, Green DR, Postic C, Amit I, Benitah SA, Jones RG, Reina-Campos M, Torres SV, Beyaz S, Brennan D, O'Neill LAJ, Perry RJ, Brenner D. Immunometabolism at the crossroads of obesity and cancer-a Keystone Symposia report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1523:38-50. [PMID: 36960914 PMCID: PMC10367315 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolism considers the relationship between metabolism and immunity. Typically, researchers focus on either the metabolic pathways within immune cells that affect their function or the impact of immune cells on systemic metabolism. A more holistic approach that considers both these viewpoints is needed. On September 5-8, 2022, experts in the field of immunometabolism met for the Keystone symposium "Immunometabolism at the Crossroads of Obesity and Cancer" to present recent research across the field of immunometabolism, with the setting of obesity and cancer as an ideal example of the complex interplay between metabolism, immunity, and cancer. Speakers highlighted new insights on the metabolic links between tumor cells and immune cells, with a focus on leveraging unique metabolic vulnerabilities of different cell types in the tumor microenvironment as therapeutic targets and demonstrated the effects of diet, the microbiome, and obesity on immune system function and cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Finally, speakers presented new technologies to interrogate the immune system and uncover novel metabolic pathways important for immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Murad R Mamedov
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Meng-Ju Wu
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lydia Lynch
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sagar P Bapat
- Diabetes Center and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hanna S Hong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery; Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center; Department of Pathology; Graduate Program in Immunology; Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and NIAID Microbiome Program National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zuri A Sullivan
- Department of Immunobiology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea Keller
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine; and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Douglas R Green
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Santiago Valle Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Donal Brennan
- UCD Gynecological Oncology Group, UCD School of Medicine, Catherine McAuley Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Luke A J O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for System Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belval, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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46
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Qu P, Rom O, Li K, Jia L, Gao X, Liu Z, Ding S, Zhao M, Wang H, Chen S, Xiong X, Zhao Y, Xue C, Zhao Y, Chu C, Wen B, Finney AC, Zheng Z, Cao W, Zhao J, Bai L, Zhao S, Sun D, Zeng R, Lin J, Liu W, Zheng L, Zhang J, Liu E, Chen YE. DT-109 ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in nonhuman primates. Cell Metab 2023; 35:742-757.e10. [PMID: 37040763 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) prevalence is rising with no pharmacotherapy approved. A major hurdle in NASH drug development is the poor translatability of preclinical studies to safe/effective clinical outcomes, and recent failures highlight a need to identify new targetable pathways. Dysregulated glycine metabolism has emerged as a causative factor and therapeutic target in NASH. Here, we report that the tripeptide DT-109 (Gly-Gly-Leu) dose-dependently attenuates steatohepatitis and fibrosis in mice. To enhance the probability of successful translation, we developed a nonhuman primate model that histologically and transcriptionally mimics human NASH. Applying a multiomics approach combining transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics, we found that DT-109 reverses hepatic steatosis and prevents fibrosis progression in nonhuman primates, not only by stimulating fatty acid degradation and glutathione formation, as found in mice, but also by modulating microbial bile acid metabolism. Our studies describe a highly translatable NASH model and highlight the need for clinical evaluation of DT-109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Qu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Chongwen District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Linying Jia
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaojing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Shusi Ding
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Chongwen District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuelian Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chengshuang Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexandra C Finney
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Zuowen Zheng
- Spring Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd, Fangchenggang, Guangxi 538000, China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Liang Bai
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiandie Lin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lemin Zheng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Chongwen District, Beijing 100050, China; The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Zhao J, Lee K, Toh HC, Lam KP, Neo SY. Unravelling the role of obesity and lipids during tumor progression. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163160. [PMID: 37063269 PMCID: PMC10097918 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of the biochemical pathways in cancer promotes oncogenic transformations and metastatic potential. Recent studies have shed light on how obesity and altered lipid metabolism could be the driving force for tumor progression. Here, in this review, we focus on liver cancer and discuss how obesity and lipid-driven metabolic reprogramming affect tumor, immune, and stroma cells in the tumor microenvironment and, in turn, how alterations in these cells synergize to influence and contribute to tumor growth and dissemination. With increasing evidence on how obesity exacerbates inflammation and immune tolerance, we also touch upon the impact of obesity and altered lipid metabolism on tumor immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Zhao
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keene Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Yong Neo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Shi Yong Neo,
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Karimkhanloo H, Keenan SN, Bayliss J, De Nardo W, Miotto PM, Devereux CJ, Nie S, Williamson NA, Ryan A, Watt MJ, Montgomery MK. Mouse strain-dependent variation in metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): a comprehensive resource tool for pre-clinical studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4711. [PMID: 36949095 PMCID: PMC10033881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized as the joint presence of steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning and lobular inflammation, and liver fibrosis are strong contributors to liver-related and overall mortality. Despite the high global prevalence of NASH and the substantial healthcare burden, there are currently no FDA-approved therapies for preventing or reversing NASH and/or liver fibrosis. Importantly, despite nearly 200 pharmacotherapies in different phases of pre-clinical and clinical assessment, most therapeutic approaches that succeed from pre-clinical rodent models to the clinical stage fail in subsequent Phase I-III trials. In this respect, one major weakness is the lack of adequate mouse models of NASH that also show metabolic comorbidities commonly observed in NASH patients, including obesity, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia. This study provides an in-depth comparison of NASH pathology and deep metabolic profiling in eight common inbred mouse strains (A/J, BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, CBA/CaH, DBA/2J, FVB/N and NOD/ShiLtJ) fed a western-style diet enriched in fat, sucrose, fructose and cholesterol for eight months. Combined analysis of histopathology and hepatic lipid metabolism, as well as measures of obesity, glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity, dyslipidaemia, adipose tissue lipolysis, systemic inflammation and whole-body energy metabolism points to the FVB/N mouse strain as the most adequate diet-induced mouse model for the recapitulation of metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and NASH. With efforts in the pharmaceutical industry now focussed on developing multi-faceted therapies; that is, therapies that improve NASH and/or liver fibrosis, and concomitantly treat other metabolic comorbidities, this mouse model is ideally suited for such pre-clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Karimkhanloo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stacey N Keenan
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Bayliss
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - William De Nardo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Paula M Miotto
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Camille J Devereux
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Ryan
- TissuPath, Mount Waverley, VIC, 3149, Australia
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma: pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023:10.1038/s41575-023-00754-7. [PMID: 36932227 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including its more severe manifestation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has a global prevalence of 20-25% and is a major public health problem. Its incidence is increasing in parallel to the rise in obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Progression from NASH to NASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (~2% of cases per year) is influenced by many factors, including the tissue and immune microenvironment, germline mutations in PNPLA3, and the microbiome. NASH-HCC has unique molecular and immune traits compared with other aetiologies of HCC and is equally prevalent in men and women. Comorbidities associated with NASH, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, can prevent the implementation of potentially curative therapies in certain patients; nonetheless, outcomes are similar in patients who receive treatment. NASH-HCC at the early to intermediate stages is managed with surgery and locoregional therapies, whereas advanced HCC is treated with systemic therapies, including anti-angiogenic therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors. In this Review, we present the latest knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical management of NASH-HCC. We discuss data highlighting the controversy over varying responses to immune-checkpoint inhibitors according to underlying aetiology and suggest that the future of NASH-HCC management lies in improved surveillance, targeted combination therapies to overcome immune evasion, and identifying biomarkers to recognize treatment responders.
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Gu L, Zhu Y, Lee M, Nguyen A, Ryujin NT, Huang J, Chamseddine S, Xiao L, Mohamed YI, Kaseb AO, Karin M, Shalapour S. Angiotensin II receptor inhibition ameliorates liver fibrosis and enhances hepatocellular carcinoma infiltration by effector T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.05.531188. [PMID: 36945365 PMCID: PMC10028807 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.05.531188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Although viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is declining, non-viral HCC, which often is the end-stage of non-alcoholic or alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, ASH), is on an upward trajectory. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that block the T cell inhibitory receptor PD-1 were approved for treatment of all HCC types. However, only a small portion of HCC patients show a robust and sustained response to PD-1 blockade, calling for improved understanding of factors that negatively impact response rate and duration and the discovery of new adjuvant treatments that enhance ICI responsiveness. Using a mouse model of NASH-driven HCC, we identified peritumoral fibrosis as a potential obstacle to T cell mediated tumor regression and postulated that anti-fibrotic medications may increase ICI responsiveness. We now show that the angiotensin II receptor inhibitor losartan, a commonly prescribed and safe antihypertensive drug, reduced liver and peritumoral fibrosis and substantially enhanced anti-PD-1 induced tumor regression. Although losartan did not potentiate T cell reinvigoration, it substantially enhanced HCC infiltration by effector CD8 + T cells compared to PD-1 blockade alone. The beneficial effects of losartan correlated with inhibition of TGF-β receptor signaling, collagen deposition and depletion of immunosuppressive fibroblasts. Significance Immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in HCC treatment but overall response rates for single agent PD-1/PD-L1 blockers have remained stubbornly low. Using a mouse model of NASH-driven HCC, we show that co-treatment with the safe and inexpensive angiotensin II receptor inhibitor losartan substantially enhanced anti-PD-1 triggered HCC regression. Although losartan did not influence the reinvigoration of exhausted CD8 + T cells it considerably enhanced their intratumoral invasion, which we postulated to be compromised by peritumoral fibrosis. Indeed, the beneficial effect of losartan correlated with inhibition of TGF-β signaling and collagen deposition, and depletion of immunosuppressive fibroblasts. Losartan should be evaluated for its adjuvant activity in HCC patients undergoing PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy.
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