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An N, Gao Z, Li W, Cao F, Wang W, Xu W, Wang C, Xiang M, Gao Y, Wang D, Yu D, Ning X. Source localization comparison and combination of OPM-MEG and fMRI to detect sensorimotor cortex responses. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 254:108292. [PMID: 38936152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The exploration of various neuroimaging techniques have become focal points within the field of neuroscience research. Magnetoencephalography based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG) has shown significant potential to be the next generation of functional neuroimaging with the advantages of high signal intensity and flexible sensor arrangement. In this study, we constructed a 31-channel OPM-MEG system and performed a preliminary comparison of the temporal and spatial relationship between magnetic responses measured by OPM-MEG and blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a grasping task. METHODS For OPM-MEG, the β-band (15-30 Hz) oscillatory activities can be reliably detected across multiple subjects and multiple session runs. To effectively localize the inhibitory oscillatory activities, a source power-spectrum ratio-based imaging method was proposed. This approach was compared with conventional source imaging methods, such as minimum norm-type and beamformer methods, and was applied in OPM-MEG source analysis. Subsequently, the spatial and temporal responses at the source-level between OPM-MEG and fMRI were analyzed. RESULTS The effectiveness of the proposed method was confirmed through simulations compared to benchmark methods. Our demonstration revealed an average spatial separation of 10.57 ± 4.41 mm between the localization results of OPM-MEG and fMRI across four subjects. Furthermore, the fMRI-constrained OPM-MEG localization results indicated a more focused imaging extent. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the performance exhibited by OPM-MEG positions it as a potential instrument for functional surgery assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan An
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhenfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Fuzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Wenli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Weinan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Min Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory: Magnetic Field-free Medicine & Functional Imaging, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory: Magnetic Field-free Medicine & Functional Imaging, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaolin Ning
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic-Field Space and Applied Technology, Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
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2
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Pascarella A, Manzo L, Ferlazzo E. Modern neurophysiological techniques indexing normal or abnormal brain aging. Seizure 2024:S1059-1311(24)00194-8. [PMID: 38972778 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is associated with a decline in cognitive performance, motor function and sensory perception, even in the absence of neurodegeneration. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood, though alterations in neurogenesis, neuronal senescence and synaptic plasticity are implicated. Recent years have seen advancements in neurophysiological techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), event-related potentials (ERP) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), offering insights into physiological and pathological brain aging. These methods provide real-time information on brain activity, connectivity and network dynamics. Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques promise as a tool enhancing the diagnosis and prognosis of age-related cognitive decline. Our review highlights recent advances in these electrophysiological techniques (focusing on EEG, ERP, TMS and TMS-EEG methodologies) and their application in physiological and pathological brain aging. Physiological aging is characterized by changes in EEG spectral power and connectivity, ERP and TMS parameters, indicating alterations in neural activity and network function. Pathological aging, such as in Alzheimer's disease, is associated with further disruptions in EEG rhythms, ERP components and TMS measures, reflecting underlying neurodegenerative processes. Machine learning approaches show promise in classifying cognitive impairment and predicting disease progression. Standardization of neurophysiological methods and integration with other modalities are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Advanced network analysis techniques and AI methods hold potential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and deepening insights into age-related brain changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pascarella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Hospital", Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Lucia Manzo
- Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Hospital", Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ferlazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Hospital", Reggio Calabria, Italy
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3
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Biačková N, Adamová A, Klírová M. Transcranial alternating current stimulation in affecting cognitive impairment in psychiatric disorders: a review. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:803-826. [PMID: 37682331 PMCID: PMC11127835 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that, through its manipulation of endogenous oscillations, can affect cognition in healthy adults. Given the fact that both endogenous oscillations and cognition are impaired in various psychiatric diagnoses, tACS might represent a suitable intervention. We conducted a search of Pubmed and Web of Science databases and reviewed 27 studies where tACS is used in psychiatric diagnoses and cognition change is evaluated. TACS is a safe and well-tolerated intervention method, suitable for multiple-sessions protocols. It can be administered at home, individualized according to the patient''s anatomical and functional characteristics, or used as a marker of disease progression. The results are varying across diagnoses and applied protocols, with some protocols showing a long-term effect. However, the overall number of studies is small with a great variety of diagnoses and tACS parameters, such as electrode montage or used frequency. Precise mechanisms of tACS interaction with pathophysiological processes are only partially described and need further research. Currently, tACS seems to be a feasible method to alleviate cognitive impairment in psychiatric patients; however, a more robust confirmation of efficacy of potential protocols is needed to introduce it into clinical practise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Biačková
- Neurostimulation Department, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Adamová
- Neurostimulation Department, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Klírová
- Neurostimulation Department, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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4
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Kim M, Jang S, Lee D, Lee S, Gwak J, Jun SC, Kim JG. A comprehensive research setup for monitoring Alzheimer's disease using EEG, fNIRS, and Gait analysis. Biomed Eng Lett 2024; 14:13-21. [PMID: 38186957 PMCID: PMC10769970 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a detrimental impact on brain function, affecting various aspects such as cognition, memory, language, and motor skills. Previous research has dominantly used electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to individually measure brain signals or combine the two methods to target specific brain functions. However, comprehending Alzheimer's disease requires monitoring various brain functions rather than focusing on a single function. This paper presents a comprehensive research setup for a monitoring platform for AD. The platform incorporates a 32-channel dry electrode EEG, a custom-built four-channel fNIRS, and gait monitoring using a depth camera and pressure sensor. Various tasks are employed to target multiple brain functions. The paper introduced the detailed instrumentation of the fNIRS system, which measures the prefrontal cortex, outlines the experimental design targeting various brain functioning programmed in BCI2000 for visualizing EEG signals synchronized with experimental stimulation, and describes the gait monitoring hardware and software and protocol design. The ultimate goal of this platform is to develop an easy-to-perform brain and gait monitoring method for elderly individuals and patients with Alzheimer's disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13534-023-00306-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Donjung Lee
- Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju, 61007 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan Lee
- Department of Medical Device, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, Daegu, 42994 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Gwak
- Department of Software, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chan Jun
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
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5
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Khongtan S, Sivamaruthi BS, Thangaleela S, Kesika P, Bharathi M, Sirilun S, Choeisoongnern T, Peerajan S, Sittiprapaporn P, Chaiyasut C. The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on the Obesity Indexes, Neuroinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers, Gut Microbial Diversity, and Working Memory in Obese Thai Children. Foods 2023; 12:3890. [PMID: 37959009 PMCID: PMC10648263 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide health problem with a complex interaction between gut microbiota and cognition. Several studies have demonstrated that probiotic treatments improve characteristics linked to obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on the obesity indexes, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, gut microbiota, and working memory in obese children. Ten obese children were assigned to receive the probiotics (8 × 109 CFU of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis) for 12 weeks. Demographic data were recorded. Urine and fecal samples were collected to evaluate biomarkers related to obesity and cognition. Behavioral working memory was assessed using the visual n-back test. Electroencephalography was employed to measure electrical activity during the visual n-back test. All parameters were evaluated at the baseline and after 12 weeks. The results revealed that probiotic supplementation significantly altered some gut microbial metabolites, gut microbiota, total antioxidant capacity, and neuroinflammatory markers. However, no significant changes were observed in the visual n-back test or electroencephalographic recordings after 12 weeks. In conclusion, the use of probiotics might be an alternative treatment that could improve the gut microbial ecosystem and microbial metabolites, as well as host antioxidant and neuroinflammation levels. The preliminary results indicated that further detailed prolonged studies are needed in order to determine the beneficial effects of the studied probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanat Khongtan
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Muruganantham Bharathi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thiwanya Choeisoongnern
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | | | - Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand (B.S.S.); (P.K.)
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6
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Butters E, Srinivasan S, O'Brien JT, Su L, Bale G. A promising tool to explore functional impairment in neurodegeneration: A systematic review of near-infrared spectroscopy in dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:101992. [PMID: 37356550 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate previous studies which used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in dementia given its suitability as a diagnostic and investigative tool in this population. From 800 identified records which used NIRS in dementia and prodromal stages, 88 studies were evaluated which employed a range of tasks testing memory (29), word retrieval (24), motor (8) and visuo-spatial function (4), and which explored the resting state (32). Across these domains, dementia exhibited blunted haemodynamic responses, often localised to frontal regions of interest, and a lack of task-appropriate frontal lateralisation. Prodromal stages, such as mild cognitive impairment, revealed mixed results. Reduced cognitive performance accompanied by either diminished functional responses or hyperactivity was identified, the latter suggesting a compensatory response not present at the dementia stage. Despite clear evidence of alterations in brain oxygenation in dementia and prodromal stages, a consensus as to the nature of these changes is difficult to reach. This is likely partially due to the lack of standardisation in optical techniques and processing methods for the application of NIRS to dementia. Further studies are required exploring more naturalistic settings and a wider range of dementia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Butters
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Li Su
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd, Broomhall, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Gemma Bale
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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7
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Ahmadzadeh M, Christie GJ, Cosco TD, Arab A, Mansouri M, Wagner KR, DiPaola S, Moreno S. Neuroimaging and machine learning for studying the pathways from mild cognitive impairment to alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:309. [PMID: 37608251 PMCID: PMC10463866 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review synthesizes the most recent neuroimaging procedures and machine learning approaches for the prediction of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease dementia. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) systematic review guidelines. RESULTS Our search returned 2572 articles, 56 of which met the criteria for inclusion in the final selection. The multimodality framework and deep learning techniques showed potential for predicting the conversion of MCI to AD dementia. CONCLUSION Findings of this systematic review identified that the possibility of using neuroimaging data processed by advanced learning algorithms is promising for the prediction of AD progression. We also provided a detailed description of the challenges that researchers are faced along with future research directions. The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews- CRD42019133402 and published in the Systematic Reviews journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadzadeh
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250 - 13450 102 Ave, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory J Christie
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250 - 13450 102 Ave, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Theodore D Cosco
- Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali Arab
- Department of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Mansouri
- Department of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin R Wagner
- Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steve DiPaola
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250 - 13450 102 Ave, Surrey, BC, Canada.
| | - Sylvain Moreno
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250 - 13450 102 Ave, Surrey, BC, Canada
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8
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Chandrasekharan J, Joseph A, Ram A, Nollo G. ETMT: A Tool for Eye-Tracking-Based Trail-Making Test to Detect Cognitive Impairment. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6848. [PMID: 37571630 PMCID: PMC10422410 DOI: 10.3390/s23156848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of people with cognitive impairment will significantly increase healthcare demand. Screening tools are crucial for detecting cognitive impairment due to a shortage of mental health experts aiming to improve the quality of life for those living with this condition. Eye tracking is a powerful tool that can provide deeper insights into human behavior and inner cognitive processes. The proposed Eye-Tracking-Based Trail-Making Test, ETMT, is a screening tool for monitoring a person's cognitive function. The proposed system utilizes a fuzzy-inference system as an integral part of its framework to calculate comprehensive scores assessing visual search speed and focused attention. By employing an adaptive neuro-fuzzy-inference system, the tool provides an overall cognitive-impairment score, allowing psychologists to assess and quantify the extent of cognitive decline or impairment in their patients. The ETMT model offers a comprehensive understanding of cognitive abilities and identifies potential deficits in various domains. The results indicate that the ETMT model is a potential tool for evaluating cognitive impairment and can capture significant changes in eye movement behavior associated with cognitive impairment. It provides a convenient and affordable diagnosis, prioritizing healthcare resources for severe conditions while enhancing feedback to practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Chandrasekharan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru 560035, India;
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Amudha Joseph
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru 560035, India;
| | | | - Giandomenico Nollo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
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9
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Casagrande CC, Rempe MP, Springer SD, Wilson TW. Comprehensive review of task-based neuroimaging studies of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease using electrophysiological methods. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101950. [PMID: 37156399 PMCID: PMC10261850 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With an aging population, cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders are an emerging public health crises with enormous, yet still under-recognized burdens. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, and the number of cases is expected to dramatically rise in the upcoming decades. Substantial efforts have been placed into understanding the disease. One of the primary avenues of research is neuroimaging, and while positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are most common, crucial recent advancements in electrophysiological methods such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) have provided novel insight into the aberrant neural dynamics at play in AD pathology. In this review, we outline task-based M/EEG studies published since 2010 using paradigms probing the cognitive domains most affected by AD, including memory, attention, and executive functioning. Furthermore, we provide important recommendations for adapting cognitive tasks for optimal use in this population and adjusting recruitment efforts to improve and expand future neuroimaging work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe C Casagrande
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Maggie P Rempe
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Seth D Springer
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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10
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Zhao J, Ji L, Du S, Gu H, Zhao Q, Chi P, Li X. Working memory impairment in children orphaned by parental HIV/AIDS: An event-related potentials study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2198-2211. [PMID: 33769161 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1896761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A large body of literature has established that children orphaned by HIV/AIDS ('AIDS orphans') face numerous challenges, such as parental death, poverty, disrupted school attendance and stigma. All of these early life adversities can have long-lasting effects on brain function, especially the executive functions. Working memory, as one of the most studied aspects of executive functions, is also reported to be impaired in children with early adversity. However, limited data are available regarding how early life adverse events affect the neural dynamic associated with working memory processing in AIDS orphans. This study applied the electroencephalogram (EEG) technique to investigate the working memory process in 81 AIDS orphans and 62 non-orphan controls with n-back tasks. Results from EEG analysis and time-frequency analysis showed that AIDS orphans displayed smaller N2 and larger P2, P3 activation as well as enhanced theta and attenuated alpha band oscillations compared to the controls. The present findings indicated a deficit in working memory process in AIDS orphans and suggested that this deficit might be due to the impairments in attention allocation, detection and classification of stimuli and updating process in working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhao
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shunshun Du
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huang Gu
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peilian Chi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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11
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Prins S, Borghans L, de Kam ML, Groeneveld GJ, van Gerven J. Cognitive performance in healthy clinical trial participants and patients with the NeuroCart, a neurodegenerative disease measured with an automated neuropsychological and neurophysiological test battery. J Neurol Sci 2023; 449:120658. [PMID: 37079973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases increases significantly with increasing age. Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of function of neurons that eventually leads to cell death, which in turn leads to cognitive disfunction. Cognitive performance can therefore also be considered age dependent. The current study investigated if the NeuroCart can detect age related decline on drug-sensitive CNS-tests in healthy volunteers (HV), and whether there are interactions between the rates of decline and sex. This study also investigated if the NeuroCart was able to differentiate disease profiles of neurodegenerative diseases, compared to age-matched HV and if there is age related decline in patient groups. METHODS This retrospective study encompassed 93 studies, performed at CHDR between 2005 and 2020 that included NeuroCart measurements, which resulted in data from 2729 subjects. Five NeuroCart tests were included in this analysis: smooth and saccadic eye movements, body sway, adaptive tracking, VVLT and N-back. Data from 84 healthy male and female volunteer studies, aged 16-90, were included. Nine studies were performed in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) or vascular dementia (VaD). The data were analyzed with regression analyses on age by group, sex, sex by age, group by sex and group by sex by age. Least square means (LSMs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each group at the average age of the group, and at the average age of each of the other groups, and per sex. RESULTS Mean age and standard deviation (SD) for all groups was: HV 36.2 years (19.3), 68.3 CE years (8), PD 62.7 years (8.5), HD 51.4 years (9.8) and VaD 66.9 years (8.1). Performance on all NeuroCart tests decreased significantly each year in HV. Saccadic peak velocity (SPV) was increased in AD compared to age-matched HV (+26.28 degrees/s, p = 0.007), while SPV was decreased for PD and HD compared to age-matched HV (PD: -15.87 degrees/s, p = 0.038, HD: -22.52 degrees/s, p = 0.018). In HD patients SPV decreased faster with age compared to HV. On saccadic peak velocity the slopes between HD vs HV were significantly different, indicating a faster decline in performance on this task for HD patients compared to HV per age year. Smooth pursuit showed an overall significant difference between subject groups (p = 0.037. Significantly worse performance was found for AD (-12.87%, p ≤0.001), PD (-4.45%, p ≤0.001) and VaD (-5.69%, p = 0.005) compared to age-matched HV. Body sway significantly increased with age (p = 0.021). Postural stability was decreased for both PD and HD compared to age-matched HV (PD: +38.8%, p ≤0.001, HD: 154.9%, p ≤0.001). The adaptive tracking was significantly decreased with age (p ≤0.001). Adaptive tracking performance by AD (-7.54%, p ≤0.001), PD (-8.09%, p ≤0.001), HD (-5.19%, p ≤0.001) and VaD (-5.80%, p ≤0.001) was decreased compared to age-matched HV. Adaptive tracking in PD patients vs HV and in PD vs HD patients was significantly different, indicating a faster decline on this task per age year for PD patients compared to HV and HD. The VVLT delayed word recall showed an overall significant effect of subject group (p = 0.006. Correct delayed word recall was decreased for AD (-5.83 words, p ≤0.001), HD (-3.40 words, p ≤0.001) and VaD (-5.51 words, p ≤0.001) compared to age-matched HV. CONCLUSION This study showed that the NeuroCart can detect age-related decreases in performance in HV, which were not affected by sex. The NeuroCart was able to detect significant differences in performance between AD, PD, HD, VaD and age-matched HV. Disease durations were unknown, therefore this cross-sectional study was not able to show age-related decline after disease onset. This article shows the importance of investigating age-related decline on digitalized neurocognitive test batteries. Performance declines with age, which emphasizes the need to correct for age when including HV in clinical trials. Patients with different neurogenerative diseases have distinct performance patterns on the NeuroCart, which this should be considered when performing NeuroCart tasks in patients with AD, PD, HD and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Prins
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura Borghans
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Geert Jan Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joop van Gerven
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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12
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Gaubert F, Borg C, Chainay H. Decision-Making in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Working Memory and Executive Functions in the Iowa Gambling Task and in Tasks Inspired by Everyday Situations. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1793-1815. [PMID: 36336931 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) negatively impacts patients' ability to make advantageous decisions, i.e., a core ability contributing to the preservation of autonomy. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to analyze the changes that occur in the decision-making competence (DMC) in AD patients and to determine if these changes are related to the deterioration of executive functions and working memory. METHOD To this end, 20 patients with AD and 20 elderly control adults were assessed using executive, working memory, and DMC tasks. The latter comprised the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and a scenarios task based on situations inspired by everyday life and performed under conditions of risk and ambiguity. RESULTS Results revealed lower performances in AD patients than in elderly control adults for all the tasks assessing cognitive functions. The AD patients also made more strategy changes during the IGT. In the scenarios tasks, the two groups took as many ambiguous or risky decisions, but AD patients tended to take more risks in the context of gain than elderly control adults did. Switching and updating ability, as well as working memory, appeared to be involved in decisions in tasks inspired by everyday life, while inhibition was more related to the IGT performances. CONCLUSION Working memory and executive functions seem to be involved in decision-making, but in different ways in gambling and daily-life situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Gaubert
- Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs Laboratory, Lyon 2 University, Bron, France
| | - Céline Borg
- Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs Laboratory, Lyon 2 University, Bron, France.,University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne, France.,Psychology Faculty, Catholic University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition, University of Grenoble Alpes, Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
| | - Hanna Chainay
- Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs Laboratory, Lyon 2 University, Bron, France
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13
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Wattanathorn J, Somboonporn W, Thukham-Mee W, Sungkamnee S. Memory-Enhancing Effect of 8-Week Consumption of the Quercetin-Enriched Culinary Herbs-Derived Functional Ingredients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172678. [PMID: 36076862 PMCID: PMC9455773 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to great demand for memory enhancers, the memory-enhancing effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of the functional ingredients derived from the combined extract of Polygonum odoratum and Morus alba were investigated. A total of 45 participants randomly received either a placebo or the developed herbal supplement at a dose of 50 or 1500 mg/day. The consumption was done once daily for 8 weeks. Working memory was assessed via both an event-related potential and computerized battery tests at baseline and at the end of the 8-week study period. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase type A and type B (MAO-A, MAO-B) levels were also measured at the end of the study. The subjects who consumed the supplement containing a developed functional ingredient at a dose of 1500 mg/day showed reduced latencies but increased amplitudes of N100 and P300. An improvement in working memory and the suppression of AChE, MAO-A, and MAO-B activities were also observed. Therefore, this study clearly demonstrates the cognitive enhancing effect of the developed herbal congee, which may be associated with the suppressions of AChE and both types of MAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintanaporn Wattanathorn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-81-8721809
| | - Woraluck Somboonporn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wipawee Thukham-Mee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Sungkamnee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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14
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Fernández A, Noce G, Del Percio C, Pinal D, Díaz F, Lojo-Seoane C, Zurrón M, Babiloni C. Resting state electroencephalographic rhythms are affected by immediately preceding memory demands in cognitively unimpaired elderly and patients with mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:907130. [PMID: 36062151 PMCID: PMC9435320 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.907130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments on event-related electroencephalographic oscillations in aged people typically include blocks of cognitive tasks with a few minutes of interval between them. The present exploratory study tested the effect of being engaged on cognitive tasks over the resting state cortical arousal after task completion, and whether it differs according to the level of the participant’s cognitive decline. To investigate this issue, we used a local database including data in 30 healthy cognitively unimpaired (CU) persons and 40 matched patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). They had been involved in 2 memory tasks for about 40 min and underwent resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) recording after 5 min from the task end. eLORETA freeware estimated rsEEG alpha source activity as an index of general cortical arousal. In the CU but not aMCI group, there was a negative correlation between memory tasks performance and posterior rsEEG alpha source activity. The better the memory tasks performance, the lower the posterior alpha activity (i.e., higher cortical arousal). There was also a negative correlation between neuropsychological test scores of global cognitive status and alpha source activity. These results suggest that engagement in memory tasks may perturb background brain arousal for more than 5 min after the tasks end, and that this effect are dependent on participants global cognitive status. Future studies in CU and aMCI groups may cross-validate and extend these results with experiments including (1) rsEEG recordings before memory tasks and (2) post-tasks rsEEG recordings after 5, 15, and 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Fernández
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alba Fernández,
| | | | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Pinal
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, Escola de Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Díaz
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Lojo-Seoane
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Zurrón
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
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15
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Perez-Valero E, Lopez-Gordo MÁ, Gutiérrez CM, Carrera-Muñoz I, Vílchez-Carrillo RM. A self-driven approach for multi-class discrimination in Alzheimer's disease based on wearable EEG. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 220:106841. [PMID: 35523023 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Early detection is critical to control Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and postpone cognitive decline. Traditional medical procedures such as magnetic resonance imaging are costly, involve long waiting lists, and require complex analysis. Alternatively, for the past years, researchers have successfully evaluated AD detection approaches based on machine learning and electroencephalography (EEG). Nonetheless, these approaches frequently rely upon manual processing or involve non-portable EEG hardware. These aspects are suboptimal regarding automated diagnosis, since they require additional personnel and hinder portability. In this work, we report the preliminary evaluation of a self-driven AD multi-class discrimination approach based on a commercial EEG acquisition system using sixteen channels. For this purpose, we recorded the EEG of three groups of participants: mild AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) non-AD, and controls, and we implemented a self-driven analysis pipeline to discriminate the three groups. First, we applied automated artifact rejection algorithms to the EEG recordings. Then, we extracted power, entropy, and complexity features from the preprocessed epochs. Finally, we evaluated a multi-class classification problem using a multi-layer perceptron through leave-one-subject-out cross-validation. The preliminary results that we obtained are comparable to the best in literature (0.88 F1-score), what suggests that AD can potentially be detected through a self-driven approach based on commercial EEG and machine learning. We believe this work and further research could contribute to opening the door for the detection of AD in a single consultation session, therefore reducing the costs associated to AD screening and potentially advancing medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Perez-Valero
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Spain; Brain-Computer Interfaces Laboratory, Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Lopez-Gordo
- Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications, University of Granada, Spain; Brain-Computer Interfaces Laboratory, Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Christian Morillas Gutiérrez
- Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Spain; Brain-Computer Interfaces Laboratory, Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Ismael Carrera-Muñoz
- Cognitive Neurology Group, Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa M Vílchez-Carrillo
- Cognitive Neurology Group, Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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16
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Treatment effects on event-related EEG potentials and oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 177:179-201. [PMID: 35588964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorder belonging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in old persons. This disease is provoked by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tauopathy proteins in the brain. Very recently, the first disease-modifying drug has been licensed with reserve (i.e., Aducanumab). Therefore, there is a need to identify and use biomarkers probing the neurophysiological underpinnings of human cognitive functions to test the clinical efficacy of that drug. In this regard, event-related electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) are promising candidates. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association and Global Brain Consortium reviewed the field literature on the effects of the most used symptomatic drug against ADD (i.e., Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) on ERPs and EROs in ADD patients with MCI and dementia at the group level. The most convincing results were found in ADD patients. In those patients, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors partially normalized ERP P300 peak latency and amplitude in oddball paradigms using visual stimuli. In these same paradigms, those drugs partially normalize ERO phase-locking at the theta band (4-7 Hz) and spectral coherence between electrode pairs at the gamma (around 40 Hz) band. These results are of great interest and may motivate multicentric, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials in MCI and ADD patients for final cross-validation.
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17
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Disrupted Value-Directed Strategic Processing in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Behavioral and Neural Correlates. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7030056. [PMID: 35645279 PMCID: PMC9149834 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Value-directed strategic processing involves attending to higher-value information while inhibiting lower-value information. This preferential processing is relatively preserved in cognitively normal older adults but is impaired in individuals with dementia. No studies have investigated whether value-directed strategic processing is disrupted in earlier stages of cognitive decline, namely, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current study examined behavioral and EEG differences in value-directed strategic processing between 18 individuals with MCI and 18 cognitively normal older controls using a value-directed list learning task. Behaviorally, individuals with MCI recalled fewer total and high-value words compared to controls, but no group differences were observed in low-value word recall. Neurally, individuals with MCI had reduced theta synchronization relative to controls between 100 and 200 ms post-stimulus. Greater alpha desynchronization was observed for high- versus low-value words between 300 and 400 ms in controls but not in the MCI group. The groups showed some processing similarities, with greater theta synchronization for low-value words between 700 and 800 ms and greater alpha desynchronization for high-value words between 500 and 1100 ms. Overall, value-directed strategic processing was compromised in individuals with MCI on both behavioral and neural measures relative to controls. These findings add to the growing body of literature on differences between typical cognitive aging and MCI.
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18
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Güntekin B, Aktürk T, Arakaki X, Bonanni L, Del Percio C, Edelmayer R, Farina F, Ferri R, Hanoğlu L, Kumar S, Lizio R, Lopez S, Murphy B, Noce G, Randall F, Sack AT, Stocchi F, Yener G, Yıldırım E, Babiloni C. Are there consistent abnormalities in event-related EEG oscillations in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to other diseases belonging to dementia? Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e13934. [PMID: 34460957 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal and structural-molecular neuroimaging in-vivo biomarkers are recommended for diagnostic purposes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias; however, they do not explain the effects of AD neuropathology on neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning cognitive processes. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association reviewed the field literature and reached consensus on the event-related electroencephalographic oscillations (EROs) that show consistent abnormalities in patients with significant cognitive deficits due to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's (PD), Lewy body (LBD), and cerebrovascular diseases. Converging evidence from oddball paradigms showed that, as compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults, AD patients had lower amplitude in widespread delta (>4 Hz) and theta (4-7 Hz) phase-locked EROs as a function of disease severity. Similar effects were also observed in PD, LBD, and/or cerebrovascular cognitive impairment patients. Non-phase-locked alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) oscillations were abnormally reduced (event-related desynchronization, ERD) in AD patients relative to CU. However, studies on patients with other dementias remain lacking. Delta and theta phase-locked EROs during oddball tasks may be useful neurophysiological biomarkers of cognitive systems at work in heuristic and intervention clinical trials performed in AD patients, but more research is needed regarding their potential role for other dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Güntekin
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Aktürk
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences and CESI, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Farina
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Lütfü Hanoğlu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Adult Neurodevelopmental and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Fiona Randall
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander T Sack
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Stocchi
- Institute for Research and Medical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Görsev Yener
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Research and Medical Care, Hospital San Raffaele of Cassino, Cassino, Italy
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Assecondi S, Villa-Sánchez B, Shapiro K. Event-Related Potentials as Markers of Efficacy for Combined Working Memory Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Regimens: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:837979. [PMID: 35547238 PMCID: PMC9083230 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.837979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our brains are often under pressure to process a continuous flow of information in a short time, therefore facing a constantly increasing demand for cognitive resources. Recent studies have highlighted that a lasting improvement of cognitive functions may be achieved by exploiting plasticity, i.e., the brain’s ability to adapt to the ever-changing cognitive demands imposed by the environment. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), when combined with cognitive training, can promote plasticity, amplify training gains and their maintenance over time. The availability of low-cost wearable devices has made these approaches more feasible, albeit the effectiveness of combined training regimens is still unclear. To quantify the effectiveness of such protocols, many researchers have focused on behavioral measures such as accuracy or reaction time. These variables only return a global, non-specific picture of the underlying cognitive process. Electrophysiology instead has the finer grained resolution required to shed new light on the time course of the events underpinning processes critical to cognitive control, and if and how these processes are modulated by concurrent tDCS. To the best of our knowledge, research in this direction is still very limited. We investigate the electrophysiological correlates of combined 3-day working memory training and non-invasive brain stimulation in young adults. We focus on event-related potentials (ERPs), instead of other features such as oscillations or connectivity, because components can be measured on as little as one electrode. ERP components are, therefore, well suited for use with home devices, usually equipped with a limited number of recording channels. We consider short-, mid-, and long-latency components typically elicited by working memory tasks and assess if and how the amplitude of these components are modulated by the combined training regimen. We found no significant effects of tDCS either behaviorally or in brain activity, as measured by ERPs. We concluded that either tDCS was ineffective (because of the specific protocol or the sample under consideration, i.e., young adults) or brain-related changes, if present, were too subtle. Therefore, we suggest that other measures of brain activity may be more appropriate/sensitive to training- and/or tDCS-induced modulations, such as network connectivity, especially in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Assecondi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Visual Experience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Center for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Sara Assecondi, ,
| | | | - Kim Shapiro
- Visual Experience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Center for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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20
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Karimi H, Marefat H, Khanbagi M, Kalafatis C, Modarres MH, Vahabi Z, Khaligh-Razavi SM. Temporal dynamics of animacy categorization in the brain of patients with mild cognitive impairment. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264058. [PMID: 35196356 PMCID: PMC8865635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) has been commonly used to measure brain alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, reported changes are limited to those obtained from using univariate measures, including activation level and frequency bands. To look beyond the activation level, we used multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to extract patterns of information from EEG responses to images in an animacy categorization task. Comparing healthy controls (HC) with patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we found that the neural speed of animacy information processing is decreased in MCI patients. Moreover, we found critical time-points during which the representational pattern of animacy for MCI patients was significantly discriminable from that of HC, while the activation level remained unchanged. Together, these results suggest that the speed and pattern of animacy information processing provide clinically useful information as a potential biomarker for detecting early changes in MCI and AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (HK); (SMKR)
| | - Haniyeh Marefat
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Khanbagi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Chris Kalafatis
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Cognetivity Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zahra Vahabi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Memory and Behavioral Neurology Division, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Cognetivity Ltd, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (HK); (SMKR)
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21
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Event-related potentials associated to N-back test performance in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110347. [PMID: 33984422 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mapping of Event-Related Potentials (ERP) associated with auditory and visual odd-ball paradigms has shown consistent differences between healthy controls and schizophrenia patients. It may be hypothesized that higher task attentional/cognitive demand will result in larger differences in these paradigms, which may help understanding the substrates of cognitive deficits in this syndrome. To this aim, we performed an EEG study comparing the effects of increasing the attentional/cognitive load of an auditory N-back task on the Event-Related Potential in 50 subjects with schizophrenia (11 first episodes) and 35 healthy controls. We considered a post-target window of 1000 ms to explore possible between groups differences in N100, P300, and Late Slow Wave (LSW), and compared these components between 0-back ('lower attentional/cognitive load) and 1-back ('higher attentional/cognitive load') conditions. Our results showed that N100 and LSW amplitude increase from 0- to 1-back condition was significantly larger in healthy controls compared to schizophrenia patients. Furthermore, LSW amplitude difference between 0- and 1-back conditions positively correlated with performance in the behavioral cognitive assessment. Taken together, these results support that higher task attentional/cognitive load (0-back vs. 1-back condition) increase N100 amplitude differences and reveal new findings related to the LSW component in schizophrenia.
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22
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Brooks H, Mirjalili M, Wang W, Kumar S, Goodman MS, Zomorrodi R, Blumberger DM, Bowie CR, Daskalakis ZJ, Fischer CE, Flint AJ, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL, Mah L, Mulsant BH, Pollock BG, Voineskos AN, Rajji TK. Assessing the Longitudinal Relationship between Theta-Gamma Coupling and Working Memory Performance in Older Adults. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:1653-1667. [PMID: 34519333 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-gamma coupling (TGC) is a neurophysiologic mechanism that supports working memory (WM). TGC is associated with N-back performance, a WM task. Similar to TGC, theta and alpha event-related synchronization (ERS) and desynchronization (ERD) are also associated with WM. Few studies have examined the longitudinal relationship between WM performance and TGC, ERS, or ERD. This study aimed to determine if changes in WM performance are associated with changes in TGC (primary aim), as well as theta and alpha ERS or ERD over 6 to 12 weeks. Participants included 62 individuals aged 60 and older with no neuropsychiatric conditions or with remitted Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and no cognitive disorders. TGC, ERS, and ERD were assessed using electroencephalography (EEG) during the N-back task (3-back condition). There was an association between changes in 3-back performance and changes in TGC, alpha ERD and ERS, and theta ERS in the control group. In contrast, there was only a significant association between changes in 3-back performance and changes in TGC in the subgroup with remitted MDD. Our results suggest that the relationship between WM performance and TGC is stable over time, while this is not the case for changes in theta and alpha ERS and ERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Brooks
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Mina Mirjalili
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Michelle S Goodman
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Reza Zomorrodi
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, Toronto M6A 2X8, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
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23
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Poptsi E, Moraitou D, Tsardoulias E, Symeonidisd AL, Tsolaki M. Is the Discrimination of Subjective Cognitive Decline from Cognitively Healthy Adulthood and Mild Cognitive Impairment Possible? A Pilot Study Utilizing the R4Alz Battery. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:715-732. [PMID: 32741834 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders before the symptoms' onset is the ultimate goal of the scientific community. REMEDES for Alzheimer (R4Alz) is a battery, designed for assessing cognitive control abilities in people with minor and major neurocognitive disorders. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the R4Alz battery's tasks differentiate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from cognitively healthy adults (CHA) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS The R4Alz battery was administered to 175 Greek adults, categorized in five groups a) healthy young adults (HYA; n = 42), b) healthy middle-aged adults (HMaA; n = 33), c) healthy older adults (HOA; n = 14), d) community-dwelling older adults with SCD (n = 34), and e) people with MCI (n = 52). RESULTS Between the seven R4Alz subtasks, four showcased the best results for differentiating HOA from SCD: the working memory updating (WMCUT-S3), the inhibition and switching subtask (ICT/RST-S1&S2), the failure sets (FS) of the ICT/RST-S1&S2, and the cognitive flexibility subtask (ICT/RST-S3). The total score of the four R4Alz subtasks (R4AlzTot4) leads to an excellent discrimination among SCD and healthy adulthood, and to fare discrimination among SCD and MCI. CONCLUSION The R4Alz battery is a novel approach regarding the neuropsychological assessment of people with SCD, since it can very well assist toward discriminating SCD from HOA. The R4Alz is able to measure decline of specific cognitive control abilities - namely of working memory updating, and complex executive functions - which seem to be the neuropsychological substrate of cognitive complaints in community dwelling adults of advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Poptsi
- Laboratory of Psychology, Section of Cognitive and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Macedonia, Hellas.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (LND, CIRI - AUTh) Macedonia, Hellas.,Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Hellas
| | - Despina Moraitou
- Laboratory of Psychology, Section of Cognitive and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Macedonia, Hellas.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (LND, CIRI - AUTh) Macedonia, Hellas.,Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Hellas
| | - Emmanouil Tsardoulias
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Macedonia, Hellas
| | - Andreas L Symeonidisd
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Macedonia, Hellas
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Lab of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (LND, CIRI - AUTh) Macedonia, Hellas.,Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Hellas.,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Macedonia, Hellas
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24
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Gupta SS, Taori TJ, Ladekar MY, Manthalkar RR, Gajre SS, Joshi YV. Classification of cross task cognitive workload using deep recurrent network with modelling of temporal dynamics. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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Cabañero Gómez L, Hervás R, González I, Villarreal V. Studying the generalisability of cognitive load measured with EEG. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Rezaei M, Shariati B, Molloy DW, O’Caoimh R, Rashedi V. The Persian Version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen (Q mci-Pr): Psychometric Properties among Middle-Aged and Older Iranian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8582. [PMID: 34444331 PMCID: PMC8393250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Brief cognitive screening instruments are used to identify patients presenting with cognitive symptoms that warrant further assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci-Pr) among middle-aged and older Iranian adults. Consecutive patients aged ≥55 years and caregivers attending with them as normal controls (NCs) were recruited from geriatric outpatient clinics and a hospital in Tehran, Iran. All patients completed the Qmci-Pr before completing an independent detailed neuropsychological assessment and staging using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale. NCs underwent the same assessment. In all, 92 participants with a median age of 70 years (±13) were available. Of these, 20 participants were NCs, 24 had subjective memory complaints (SMC), 24 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 24 had Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Qmci-Pr had good accuracy in differentiating SMC and NC from MCI (area under the curve (AUC): 0.80 (0.69-0.91)) and in identifying cognitive impairment (MCI and mild AD) (AUC: 0.87 (0.80-0.95)) with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 80%, at an optimal cut-off of <53/100. The Qmci-Pr is an accurate short cognitive screening impairment for separating NC and patients with SMC from MCI and identifying cognitive impairment. Further research with larger samples and comparison with other widely used instruments such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is needed. Given its established brevity, the Qmci-Pr is a useful screen for Iranian adults across the spectrum of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaei
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838687, Iran;
| | - Behnam Shariati
- Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| | - David William Molloy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Mercy University Hospital, T12 WE28 Cork, Ireland; (D.W.M.); (R.O.)
| | - Rónán O’Caoimh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Mercy University Hospital, T12 WE28 Cork, Ireland; (D.W.M.); (R.O.)
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613111, Iran
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27
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Wong MNK, Lai DWL, Chan HHL, Lam BYH. Neural and Retinal Characteristics in Relation to Working Memory in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:185-195. [PMID: 34102976 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210608114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship between neural activities and retinal structures associated with working memory (WM) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Eleven older adults with MCI and 29 healthy controls (60 to 73 years old) were tested. All participants underwent an event-related potential (ERP) recording while performing the two-back memory task. The Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was administered to examine the perfusion and vessel density in the retina. RESULTS Results showed that WM performance in the MCI group was negatively associated with ERP latencies in central parietal regions (CP6 and CP8) (ps< 0.05). The left nasal vessel and perfusion densities were negatively correlated with the latencies in these two central parietal regions and positively related to WM performance only in the MCI group (ps< 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings on WM, central parietal brain activity, and left nasal vessel and perfusion densities in the retina help us gain a better understanding of the neural and retinal underpinnings of WM in relation to MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel N K Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel W L Lai
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Rd, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Henry H-L Chan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Bess Y-H Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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28
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Okafor M, Nye JA, Shokouhi M, Shaw LM, Goldstein F, Hajjar I. 18F-Flortaucipir PET Associations with Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cognition, and Neuroimaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:589-601. [PMID: 32065800 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is used in research, but its relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and other Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related clinical measures is unclear in mild cognitive impairment with AD biomarkers (MCI-AD). OBJECTIVE To determine associations between 18F-flortaucipir PET and CSF AD biomarkers, cognitive functioning, and neuroimaging measures in MCI-AD. METHODS In 29 participants 50 years or older with MCI-AD, 18F-flortaucipir PET, CSF total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau181p (P-tau), amyloid-β (Aβ), structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing were collected as baseline assessments of an ongoing clinical trial. 11C-Pittsburgh compound B PET was simultaneously conducted in 20 participants. Associations between 18F-flortaucipir PET and these measures were assessed by multiple linear regression adjusted for potential confounders and using global, lobar, and voxel-wise standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr). RESULTS Whole brain 18F-flortaucipir SUVr was significantly associated with CSF T-tau (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and P-tau (r = 0.42, p = 0.04) after adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, with strongest associations in the temporal region (T-tau: r = 0.69, p < 0.001; P-tau: r = 0.49, p = 0.02). Voxel-wise analysis confirmed these regional associations. 18F-flortaucipir PET was also associated with CSF Aβ (r = -0.45, p = 0.03), episodic memory (r = -0.61, p = 0.001), visuospatial working memory (r = -0.46, p = 0.02), and brain cortical thickness (r = -0.44, p = 0.03) but not hippocampal volume. In the amyloid PET subset, although 11C-PiB PET associated strongly with 18F-flortaucipir (r = 0.79, p≤0.001), associations were stronger between 11C-PiB and key outcomes, compared to 18F-flortaucipir. CONCLUSION 18F-flortaucipir PET is moderately associated with CSF AD biomarkers and other AD-related phenotypes. The associations in this MCI-AD sample are stronger than previously described in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Okafor
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathon A Nye
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mahsa Shokouhi
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felicia Goldstein
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ihab Hajjar
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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29
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San-Martin R, Johns E, Quispe Mamani G, Tavares G, Phillips NA, Fraga FJ. A method for diagnosis support of mild cognitive impairment through EEG rhythms source location during working memory tasks. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Perez-Valero E, Lopez-Gordo MA, Morillas C, Pelayo F, Vaquero-Blasco MA. A Review of Automated Techniques for Assisting the Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease with a Focus on EEG. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:1363-1376. [PMID: 33682717 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review state-of-the-art approaches that apply signal processing (SP) and machine learning (ML) to automate the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal stages. In the first part of the document, we describe the economic and social implications of the disease, traditional diagnosis techniques, and the fundaments of automated AD detection. Then, we present electroencephalography (EEG) as an appropriate alternative for the early detection of AD, owing to its reduced cost, portability, and non-invasiveness. We also describe the main time and frequency domain EEG features that are employed in AD detection. Subsequently, we examine some of the main studies of the last decade that aim to provide an automatic detection of AD and its previous stages by means of SP and ML. In these studies, brain data was acquired using multiple medical techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and EEG. The main aspects of each approach, namely feature extraction, classification model, validation approach, and performance metrics, are compiled and discussed. Lastly, a set of conclusions and recommendations for future research on AD automatic detection are drawn in the final section of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Perez-Valero
- Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Lopez-Gordo
- Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications, University of Granada, Granada,Spain.,Nicolo Association, Churriana de la Vega, Spain
| | - Christian Morillas
- Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Pelayo
- Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Vaquero-Blasco
- Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications, University of Granada, Granada,Spain
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31
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Lejko N, Larabi DI, Herrmann CS, Aleman A, Ćurčić-Blake B. Alpha Power and Functional Connectivity in Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1047-1088. [PMID: 33185607 PMCID: PMC7739973 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between expected age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Dementias have been associated with changes in neural oscillations across the frequency spectrum, including the alpha range. Alpha is the most prominent rhythm in human EEG and is best detected during awake resting state (RS). Though several studies measured alpha power and synchronization in MCI, findings have not yet been integrated. Objective: To consolidate findings on power and synchronization of alpha oscillations across stages of cognitive decline. Methods: We included studies published until January 2020 that compared power or functional connectivity between 1) people with MCI and cognitively healthy older adults (OA) or people with a neurodegenerative dementia, and 2) people with progressive and stable MCI. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed when enough data was available. Results: Sixty-eight studies were included in the review. Global RS alpha power was lower in AD than in MCI (ES = –0.30; 95% CI = –0.51, –0.10; k = 6), and in MCI than in OA (ES = –1.49; 95% CI = –2.69, –0.29; k = 5). However, the latter meta-analysis should be interpreted cautiously due to high heterogeneity. The review showed lower RS alpha power in progressive than in stable MCI, and lower task-related alpha reactivity in MCI than in OA. People with MCI had both lower and higher functional connectivity than OA. Publications lacked consistency in MCI diagnosis and EEG measures. Conclusion: Research indicates that RS alpha power decreases with increasing impairment, and could—combined with measures from other frequency bands—become a biomarker of early cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nena Lejko
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daouia I Larabi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - André Aleman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Branislava Ćurčić-Blake
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Xu JJ, Ren M, Zhao JJ, Wu JJ, Zhang SC, Zhong YB, Xu ST, Cao ZY, Zhou ZQ, Li YL, Shan CL. Effectiveness of theta and gamma electroacupuncture for post-stroke patients on working memory and electrophysiology: study protocol for a double-center, randomized, patient- and assessor-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel, clinical trial. Trials 2020; 21:910. [PMID: 33148333 PMCID: PMC7641837 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine have suggested that electroacupuncture (EA) could improve post-stroke cognitive impairment, based on the clinical evidence. This study protocol is aimed at showing the effectiveness of theta and gamma EA for post-stroke patients on working memory (WM) and electrophysiology. METHODS After assessing their eligibility, 66 patients with stroke will be enrolled from two Chinese medicine hospitals and randomly divided into theta frequency EA group, gamma frequency EA group, and sham-EA group according to the ratio of 1:1:1. All patients will receive 20 sessions of EA procedures for 4 weeks. Patients in three groups will receive EA at two same acupoints in the head: Baihui (GV20) and Shenting (GV24). The frequency of the three groups of EA is set as follows: 6 Hz (theta-EA group), 40 Hz (gamma-EA group), and no current through the electrodes (sham EA). Patients and assessors will be blinded throughout the entire study. The primary outcome is the performance accuracy of 1-back task which is a frequently used measure of WM in cognitive neuroscience research contexts. Secondary outcome measures will include the response time of 1-back task, the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test, Trail Making Test, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment Scale, modified Barthel Index, and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals during 1-back tasks. A blinding index will be assessed. Data will be statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, at 5% of significance level. DISCUSSION We expect this double-center, randomized, patient- and assessor-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel, clinical trial to explore the effectiveness of theta and gamma EA therapy, compared with sham EA, for post-stroke WM. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000031995 . Registered on 17 April 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Xu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jing-Jun Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Si-Cong Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yan-Biao Zhong
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Shu-Tian Xu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Zhong-Yao Cao
- Anhui Wannan Rehabilitation Hospital, 3 Zheshang road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, 241000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yuan-Li Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Chun-Lei Shan
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200000, China. .,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200000, China.
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Paitel ER, Samii MR, Nielson KA. A systematic review of cognitive event-related potentials in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Behav Brain Res 2020; 396:112904. [PMID: 32941881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review examined whether event-related potentials (ERPs) during higher cognitive processing can detect subtle, early signs of neurodegenerative disease. Original, empirical studies retrieved from PsycINFO and PubMed were reviewed if they analyzed patterns in cognitive ERPs (≥150 ms post-stimulus) differentiating mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), or cognitively intact elders who carry AD risk through the Apolipoprotein-E ε4 allele (ε4+) from healthy older adult controls (HC). The 100 studies meeting inclusion criteria (MCI = 47; AD = 47; ε4+ = 6) analyzed N200, P300, N400, and occasionally, later components. While there was variability across studies, patterns of reduced amplitude and delayed latency were apparent in pathological aging, consistent with AD-related brain atrophy and cognitive impairment. These effects were particularly evident in advanced disease progression (i.e., AD > MCI) and in later ERP components measured during complex tasks. Although ERP studies in intact ε4+ elders are thus far scarce, a similar pattern of delayed latency was notable, along with a contrasting pattern of increased amplitude, consistent with compensatory neural activation. This limited work suggests ERPs might be able to index early neural changes indicative of future cognitive decline in otherwise healthy elders. As ERPs are also accessible and affordable relative to other neuroimaging methods, their addition to cognitive assessment might substantively enhance early identification and characterization of neural dysfunction, allowing opportunity for earlier differential diagnosis and targeting of intervention. To evaluate this possibility there is urgent need for well-powered studies assessing late cognitive ERPs during complex tasks, particularly in healthy elders at risk for cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristy A Nielson
- Marquette University, Department of Psychology, United States; Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Neurology and the Center for Imaging Research, United States.
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34
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Yang CY, Lin CP. Classification of cognitive reserve in healthy older adults based on brain activity using support vector machine. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:065009. [PMID: 32464620 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab979e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the capacity of the brain to actively cope with damage via the implementation of remedial cognitive processes. Traditional CR measurements focus on static proxies, which may not be able to appropriately estimate dynamic changes in CR. This study therefore investigated the cognitive performance and characteristics of brain activity of low- and high-CR healthy adults during resting and n-back task states and categorized subjects according to magnetoencephalographic (MEG) information using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. APPROACH Forty-one volunteers were divided into groups with low and high CR indexes based on their education, occupational attainment, leisure and social activities. MAIN RESULTS The results can be summarized as follows. First, subjects with a higher CR had higher accuracies and faster reaction times in the task. Second, subjects with a lower CR had a higher M300 intensity but a constant M300 latency. Third, subjects with a higher CR had a higher beta intensity in the parietal and occipital regions during the task, whereas subjects with a higher CR had a higher gamma intensity in the right temporal region in the resting state. Finally, subjects with a higher CR had negative gamma asymmetry between the right and left occipital regions, whereas subjects with a lower CR had positive values in the resting state. SIGNIFICANCE These MEG results were subsequently used to classify subjects into high-/low-CR subjects using an SVM classifier, and a mean accuracy of 88.89% was obtained. This objective and nonstatic method for determining CR level warrants further research for a wider variety of future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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35
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Turner RS, Stubbs T, Davies DA, Albensi BC. Potential New Approaches for Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. Front Neurol 2020; 11:496. [PMID: 32582013 PMCID: PMC7290039 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is an umbrella term-caused by a large number of specific diagnoses, including several neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is now the most common cause of dementia in advanced countries, while dementia due to neurosyphilis was the leading cause a century ago. Many challenges remain for diagnosing dementia definitively. Some of these include variability of early symptoms and overlap with similar disorders, as well as the possibility of combined, or mixed, etiologies in some cases. Newer technologies, including the incorporation of PET neuroimaging and other biomarkers (genomics and proteomics), are being incorporated into revised diagnostic criteria. However, the application of novel diagnostic methods at clinical sites is plagued by many caveats including availability and access. This review surveys new diagnostic methods as well as remaining challenges-for clinical care and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Turner
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Terry Stubbs
- ActivMed, Practices & Research, Methuen, MA, United States
| | - Don A Davies
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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36
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Rossini PM, Miraglia F, Alù F, Cotelli M, Ferreri F, Di Iorio R, Iodice F, Vecchio F. Neurophysiological Hallmarks of Neurodegenerative Cognitive Decline: The Study of Brain Connectivity as A Biomarker of Early Dementia. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E34. [PMID: 32365890 PMCID: PMC7354555 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes of various types of dementia start years before symptoms, but the presence of a "neural reserve", which continuously feeds and supports neuroplastic mechanisms, helps the aging brain to preserve most of its functions within the "normality" frame. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between dementia and normal brain aging. About 50% of MCI subjects are already in a stage that is prodromal-to-dementia and during the following 3 to 5 years will develop clinically evident symptoms, while the other 50% remains at MCI or returns to normal. If the risk factors favoring degenerative mechanisms are modified during early stages (i.e., in the prodromal), the degenerative process and the loss of abilities in daily living activities will be delayed. It is therefore extremely important to have biomarkers able to identify-in association with neuropsychological tests-prodromal-to-dementia MCI subjects as early as possible. MCI is a large (i.e., several million in EU) and substantially healthy population; therefore, biomarkers should be financially affordable, largely available and non-invasive, but still accurate in their diagnostic prediction. Neurodegeneration initially affects synaptic transmission and brain connectivity; methods exploring them would represent a 1st line screening. Neurophysiological techniques able to evaluate mechanisms of synaptic function and brain connectivity are attracting general interest and are described here. Results are quite encouraging and suggest that by the application of artificial intelligence (i.e., learning-machine), neurophysiological techniques represent valid biomarkers for screening campaigns of the MCI population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00167 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (F.A.); (F.I.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesca Miraglia
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00167 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (F.A.); (F.I.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesca Alù
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00167 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (F.A.); (F.I.); (F.V.)
| | - Maria Cotelli
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di DioFatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Florinda Ferreri
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riccardo Di Iorio
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Iodice
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00167 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (F.A.); (F.I.); (F.V.)
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Vecchio
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00167 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (F.A.); (F.I.); (F.V.)
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37
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Tarasova IV, Volf NV, Akbirov RM, Kukhareva IN, Barbarash OL. Event-Related Desynchronization/Synchronization of Electrical Brain Activity during Modified Odd-Ball Tasks in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119719060136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Ismail M, Hofmann K, El Ghany MAA. Early Diagnoses of Alzheimer using EEG data and Deep Neural Networks classification. 2019 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON INTERNET OF THINGS (GCIOT) 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/gciot47977.2019.9058417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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39
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Lin L, Liu G, Yang L. Crocin Improves Cognitive Behavior in Rats with Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9454913. [PMID: 31534969 PMCID: PMC6732583 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9454913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of crocin on the learning and memory acquisition of AD rats and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A total of 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, AD model group, resveratrol group, and crocin group, with 12 rats per group. AD model was established by injecting Aβ 25-35 to the lateral ventricle of rats, and thereafter the rats were administrated with resveratrol (40 mg/kg), crocin (40 mg/kg), or PBS daily for 14 days. Y-maze test and sucrose preference test were used to detect the learning and memory acquisition of rats. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining and Western blot for apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot tests were used to detect the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in hippocampal CA1 region (Hippo) and prefrontal cortical neurons (PFC). RESULTS The learning and memory abilities of AD rats were significantly decreased, which was significantly rescued by resveratrol and crocin. The apoptotic cell number of Hippo and PFC neurons in AD model group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), while resveratrol and crocin significantly decreased the apoptotic cell number in AD group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of Bcl2 in PFC and hippo of AD model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01), while those of Bax, Caspase3, GRP78, and CHOP were significantly increased (P<0.01). Resveratrol and crocin could significantly reverse the expression of these proteins in AD rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Crocin can improve the learning and memory ability of AD rats possibly by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Department of Physiology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Physiology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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40
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Goodman MS, Zomorrodi R, Kumar S, Barr MS, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Fischer CE, Flint A, Mah L, Herrmann N, Pollock BG, Bowie CR, Mulsant BH, Rajji TK. Changes in Theta but not Alpha Modulation Are Associated with Impairment in Working Memory in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 68:1085-1094. [PMID: 30909240 DOI: 10.3233/jad-181195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
While several studies have found that neural oscillations play a key role in the functioning of working memory, the nature of aberrant oscillatory activity underlying working memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains largely unexplored. These individuals often display structural alterations in brain regions and pathways involved in working memory processes and therefore may also display altered oscillatory activity during memory activation. Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was recorded during the N-back working memory task in three groups: AD (n = 29), MCI (n = 100), and healthy controls (HCs; n = 40). Theta (4-7 Hz) and alpha (7.5-12 Hz) modulation was measured in response to the stimulus presentation during correct and incorrect responses. This modulation represents the change in EEG activity associated with the stimulus onset and was measured as a ratio of post stimulus power to pre stimulus power. We also assessed the relationship between change in oscillatory power and working memory performance. Compared to HCs, the AD group demonstrated the lowest working memory accuracy and a smaller theta ratio for correct responses on the 2-back condition; the MCI group demonstrated a smaller theta ratio for correct responses on the 3-back condition. Finally, we observed that the theta ratio, but not the alpha ratio, was a significant predictor of working memory performance in the three groups for all conditions. Taken together, these behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that in addition to impairments in working memory performance, modulation of theta, but not alpha power, may be impaired in MCI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Goodman
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reza Zomorrodi
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mera S Barr
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alastair Flint
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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41
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Ma Y, Xiong L. Astragaloside IV ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis of Aβ25‑35‑treated PC12 cells by inhibiting the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2005-2012. [PMID: 30664172 PMCID: PMC6390062 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) serves a vital role in the pathological development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). ERS can promote programmed cell death (apoptosis) during AD; however, the specific molecular mechanisms that lead to ERS remain unclear. It is very important that a drug for the treatment of AD is identified. Our previous studies indicated that astragaloside IV (AST IV) has anti-inflammatory effects and helps cells resist oxidative stress. In the present study, western blotting and reverse transcription semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels, flow cytometry was used to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was detected using commercially available kits. The results demonstrated that SOD activity was decreased, and MDA content, ROS levels, and the expression levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ERS-associated proteins, including binding immunoglobulin protein/glucose-regulated protein and growth arrest- and DNA damage -inducible gene 153/C/EBP homologous protein, were increased in amyloid β (Aβ)25-35-treated PC12 cells. Furthermore, to investigate the role of p38 MAPK and the effects of AST IV in an in vitro model of AD, SB203580, a p38 MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor, and AST IV were administered to Aβ25-35-treated PC12 cells. The results revealed that AST IV protected the cells against AD. This effect may be caused by decreases in ROS levels, which may inhibit the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and thereby suppress ERS in Aβ25-35-treated PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ma
- Department of Diagnostics, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Diagnostics, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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42
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Lin MC, Iqbal U, Li YC. AI in Medicine: Big Data Remains a Challenge. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 164:A1. [PMID: 30195435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; International Center for Health Information Technology (ICHIT), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Usman Iqbal
- International Center for Health Information Technology (ICHIT), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Master Program in Global Health and Development, PhD Program in Global Health and Health Security College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yu-Chuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Center for Health Information Technology (ICHIT), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Chair, Dept. of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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