1
|
Bodega-Mayor I, Delgado-Wicke P, Arrabal A, Alegría-Carrasco E, Nicolao-Gómez A, Jaén-Castaño M, Espadas C, Dopazo A, Martín-Gayo E, Gaspar ML, de Andrés B, Fernández-Ruiz E. Tyrosine kinase 2 modulates splenic B cells through type I IFN and TLR7 signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:199. [PMID: 38683377 PMCID: PMC11058799 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is involved in type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling through IFN receptor 1 (IFNAR1). This signaling pathway is crucial in the early antiviral response and remains incompletely understood on B cells. Therefore, to understand the role of TYK2 in B cells, we studied these cells under homeostatic conditions and following in vitro activation using Tyk2-deficient (Tyk2-/-) mice. Splenic B cell subpopulations were altered in Tyk2-/- compared to wild type (WT) mice. Marginal zone (MZ) cells were decreased and aged B cells (ABC) were increased, whereas follicular (FO) cells remained unchanged. Likewise, there was an imbalance in transitional B cells in juvenile Tyk2-/- mice. RNA sequencing analysis of adult MZ and FO cells isolated from Tyk2-/- and WT mice in homeostasis revealed altered expression of IFN-I and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling pathway genes. Flow cytometry assays corroborated a lower expression of TLR7 in MZ B cells from Tyk2-/- mice. Splenic B cell cultures showed reduced proliferation and differentiation responses after activation with TLR7 ligands in Tyk2-/- compared to WT mice, with a similar response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or anti-CD40 + IL-4. IgM, IgG, IL-10 and IL-6 secretion was also decreased in Tyk2-/- B cell cultures. This reduced response of the TLR7 pathway in Tyk2-/- mice was partially restored by IFNα addition. In conclusion, there is a crosstalk between TYK2 and TLR7 mediated by an IFN-I feedback loop, which contributes to the establishment of MZ B cells and to B cell proliferation and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bodega-Mayor
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Delgado-Wicke
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Arrabal
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Alegría-Carrasco
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Nicolao-Gómez
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Jaén-Castaño
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Espadas
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Martín-Gayo
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Gaspar
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén de Andrés
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Ruiz
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Medzhitov R, Iwasaki A. Exploring new perspectives in immunology. Cell 2024; 187:2079-2094. [PMID: 38670066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Several conceptual pillars form the foundation of modern immunology, including the clonal selection theory, antigen receptor diversity, immune memory, and innate control of adaptive immunity. However, some immunological phenomena cannot be explained by the current framework. Thus, we still do not know how to design vaccines that would provide long-lasting protective immunity against certain pathogens, why autoimmune responses target some antigens and not others, or why the immune response to infection sometimes does more harm than good. Understanding some of these mysteries may require that we question existing assumptions to develop and test alternative explanations. Immunology is increasingly at a point when, once again, exploring new perspectives becomes a necessity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Santana-Sánchez P, Vaquero-García R, Legorreta-Haquet MV, Chávez-Sánchez L, Chávez-Rueda AK. Hormones and B-cell development in health and autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385501. [PMID: 38680484 PMCID: PMC11045971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells is central to the adaptive immune system as they induce protective and specific antibody responses against invading pathogens. Various studies have shown that, during this process, hormones can play important roles in the lymphopoiesis, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of B cells, and depending on the signal given by the receptor of each hormone, they can have a positive or negative effect. In autoimmune diseases, hormonal deregulation has been reported to be related to the survival, activation and/or differentiation of autoreactive clones of B cells, thus promoting the development of autoimmunity. Clinical manifestations of autoimmune diseases have been associated with estrogens, prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH) levels. However, androgens, such as testosterone and progesterone (P4), could have a protective effect. The objective of this review is to highlight the links between different hormones and the immune response mediated by B cells in the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and multiple sclerosis (MS). The data collected provide insights into the role of hormones in the cellular, molecular and/or epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the B-cell response in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adriana Karina Chávez-Rueda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heeger PS, Haro MC, Jordan S. Translating B cell immunology to the treatment of antibody-mediated allograft rejection. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:218-232. [PMID: 38168662 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), including chronic AMR (cAMR), causes ~50% of kidney allograft losses each year. Despite attempts to develop well-tolerated and effective therapeutics for the management of AMR, to date, none has obtained FDA approval, thereby highlighting an urgent unmet medical need. Discoveries over the past decade from basic, translational and clinical studies of transplant recipients have provided a foundation for developing novel therapeutic approaches to preventing and treating AMR and cAMR. These interventions are aimed at reducing donor-specific antibody levels, decreasing graft injury and fibrosis, and preserving kidney function. Innovative approaches emerging from basic science findings include targeting interactions between alloreactive T cells and B cells, and depleting alloreactive memory B cells, as well as donor-specific antibody-producing plasmablasts and plasma cells. Therapies aimed at reducing the cytotoxic antibody effector functions mediated by natural killer cells and the complement system, and their associated pro-inflammatory cytokines, are also undergoing evaluation. The complexity of the pathogenesis of AMR and cAMR suggest that multiple approaches will probably be required to treat these disease processes effectively. Definitive answers await results from large, double-blind, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Heeger
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Carrera Haro
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Stanley Jordan
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Santacroce E, D'Angerio M, Ciobanu AL, Masini L, Lo Tartaro D, Coloretti I, Busani S, Rubio I, Meschiari M, Franceschini E, Mussini C, Girardis M, Gibellini L, Cossarizza A, De Biasi S. Advances and Challenges in Sepsis Management: Modern Tools and Future Directions. Cells 2024; 13:439. [PMID: 38474403 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a critical condition marked by systemic inflammation, profoundly impacts both innate and adaptive immunity, often resulting in lymphopenia. This immune alteration can spare regulatory T cells (Tregs) but significantly affects other lymphocyte subsets, leading to diminished effector functions, altered cytokine profiles, and metabolic changes. The complexity of sepsis stems not only from its pathophysiology but also from the heterogeneity of patient responses, posing significant challenges in developing universally effective therapies. This review emphasizes the importance of phenotyping in sepsis to enhance patient-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Phenotyping immune cells, which categorizes patients based on clinical and immunological characteristics, is pivotal for tailoring treatment approaches. Flow cytometry emerges as a crucial tool in this endeavor, offering rapid, low cost and detailed analysis of immune cell populations and their functional states. Indeed, this technology facilitates the understanding of immune dysfunctions in sepsis and contributes to the identification of novel biomarkers. Our review underscores the potential of integrating flow cytometry with omics data, machine learning and clinical observations to refine sepsis management, highlighting the shift towards personalized medicine in critical care. This approach could lead to more precise interventions, improving outcomes in this heterogeneously affected patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Santacroce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Miriam D'Angerio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alin Liviu Ciobanu
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Linda Masini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico Lo Tartaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Coloretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Busani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Ignacio Rubio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marianna Meschiari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Erica Franceschini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Mussini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Wu H, Fang C, Li Z. Insights into innate immune cell evasion by Chlamydia trachomatis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1289644. [PMID: 38333214 PMCID: PMC10850350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1289644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis, is a kind of obligate intracellular pathogen. The removal of C. trachomatis relies primarily on specific cellular immunity. It is currently considered that CD4+ Th1 cytokine responses are the major protective immunity against C. trachomatis infection and reinfection rather than CD8+ T cells. The non-specific immunity (innate immunity) also plays an important role in the infection process. To survive inside the cells, the first process that C. trachomatis faces is the innate immune response. As the "sentry" of the body, mast cells attempt to engulf and remove C. trachomatis. Dendritic cells present antigen of C. trachomatis to the "commanders" (T cells) through MHC-I and MHC-II. IFN-γ produced by activated T cells and natural killer cells (NK) further activates macrophages. They form the body's "combat troops" and produce immunity against C. trachomatis in the tissues and blood. In addition, the role of eosinophils, basophils, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδT cells and B-1 cells should not be underestimated in the infection of C. trachomatis. The protective role of innate immunity is insufficient, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) caused by C. trachomatis infections tend to be insidious and recalcitrant. As a consequence, C. trachomatis has developed a unique evasion mechanism that triggers inflammatory immunopathology and acts as a bridge to protective to pathological adaptive immunity. This review focuses on the recent advances in how C. trachomatis evades various innate immune cells, which contributes to vaccine development and our understanding of the pathophysiologic consequences of C. trachomatis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhongyu Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maslanka J, Torres G, Londregan J, Goldman N, Silberman D, Somerville J, Riggs JE. Loss of B1 and marginal zone B cells during ovarian cancer. Cell Immunol 2024; 395-396:104788. [PMID: 38000306 PMCID: PMC10842900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have not addressed the challenge presented by ovarian cancer. Although the peritoneum is an "accessible" locus for this disease there has been limited characterization of the immunobiology therein. We investigated the ID8-C57BL/6J ovarian cancer model and found marked depletion of B1 cells from the ascites of the peritoneal cavity. There was also selective loss of the B1 and marginal zone B cell subsets from the spleen. Immunity to antigens that activate these subsets validated their loss rather than relocation. A marked influx of myeloid-derived suppressor cells correlated with B cell subset depletion. These observations are discussed in the context of the housekeeping burden placed on innate B cells during ovarian cancer and to foster consideration of B cell biology in therapeutic strategies to address this challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Maslanka
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Gretel Torres
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Naomi Goldman
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Daniel Silberman
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - John Somerville
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - James E Riggs
- Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao M, Shao F, Liu Z, Ma J, Yu D, Zhang H, Dai L, Xu K, Zhao X, Zheng M, Gao GF, Wang S. Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals distinct pulmonary immune responses during influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:3137-3141. [PMID: 37973464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fei Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jiangwen Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Dou Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Hangjie Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310057, China
| | - Lianpan Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mengli Zheng
- Thoracic Surgery Department, College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - George Fu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Parodis I, Long X, Karlsson MCI, Huang X. B Cell Tolerance and Targeted Therapies in SLE. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6268. [PMID: 37834911 PMCID: PMC10573616 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of high clinical and molecular heterogeneity, and a relapsing-remitting pattern. The disease is currently without cure and more prevalent in women. B cell tolerance and production of autoantibodies are critical mechanisms that drive SLE pathophysiology. However, how the balance of the immune system is broken and how the innate and adaptive immune systems are interacting during lupus-specific autoimmune responses are still largely unknown. Here, we review the latest knowledge on B cell development, maturation, and central versus peripheral tolerance in connection to SLE and treatment options. We also discuss the regulation of B cells by conventional T cells, granulocytes, and unconventional T cells, and how effector B cells exert their functions in SLE. We also discuss mechanisms of action of B cell-targeted therapies, as well as possible future directions based on current knowledge of B cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 70281 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Xuan Long
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
| | - Mikael C. I. Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Suchanek O, Clatworthy MR. Homeostatic role of B-1 cells in tissue immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1106294. [PMID: 37744333 PMCID: PMC10515722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, studies of tissue-resident immunity have mainly focused on innate immune cells and T cells, with limited data on B cells. B-1 B cells are a unique subset of B cells with innate-like properties, enriched in murine pleural and peritoneal cavities and distinct from conventional B-2 cells in their ontogeny, phenotype and function. Here we discuss how B-1 cells represent exemplar tissue-resident immune cells, summarizing the evidence for their long-term persistence & self-renewal within tissues, differential transcriptional programming shaped by organ-specific environmental cues, as well as their tissue-homeostatic functions. Finally, we review the emerging data supporting the presence and homeostatic role of B-1 cells across non-lymphoid organs (NLOs) both in mouse and human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Suchanek
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Menna R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Olson WJ, Derudder E. The miR-142 miRNAs: Shaping the naïve immune system. Immunol Lett 2023; 261:37-46. [PMID: 37459958 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Immunity in a naïve organism is tightly controlled. Adequate proportions of the many immune cell subsets must be produced to mount efficient responses to eventual challenges. In addition, a functioning immune system is highly dynamic at steady state. Mature immune cells must be positioned properly and/or circulate to facilitate the detection of dangers. They must also be poised to promptly react to unusual encounters, while ignoring innocuous germs and self. Numerous regulatory mechanisms act at the molecular level to generate such an exquisite structure, including miRNA-mediated repression of protein synthesis. Notably, the miRNAs from the miR-142 locus are preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells. Their importance is underscored by the deeply disturbed immune system seen upon inactivation of the locus in mice. In this review, we explore reported roles for the miR-142 miRNAs in the shaping of immunity in vertebrates, discussing in particular their contributions to the generation, migration and survival of hematopoietic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Olson
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emmanuel Derudder
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dadelahi AS, Abushahba MFN, Ponzilacqua-Silva B, Chambers CA, Moley CR, Lacey CA, Dent AL, Skyberg JA. Interactions between B cells and T follicular regulatory cells enhance susceptibility to Brucella infection independent of the anti-Brucella humoral response. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011672. [PMID: 37721965 PMCID: PMC10538787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis, caused by facultative, intracellular Brucella spp., often results in chronic and/or lifelong infection. Therefore, Brucella must employ mechanisms to subvert adaptive immunity to cause chronic infection. B lymphocytes enhance susceptibility to infection with Brucella spp. though the mechanisms remain unclear. Here we investigated the role of antibody secretion, B cell receptor (BCR) specificity, and B cell antigen presentation on susceptibility to B. melitensis. We report that mice unable to secrete antibody do not display altered resistance to Brucella. However, animals with B cells that are unable to recognize Brucella through their BCR are resistant to infection. In addition, B cell MHCII expression enhances susceptibility to infection in a CD4+ T cell-dependent manner, and we found that follicular B cells are sufficient to inhibit CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity against Brucella. B cells promote development of T follicular helper (TFH) and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells during Brucella infection. Inhibition of B cell and CD4+ T cell interaction via CD40L blockade enhances resistance to Brucella in a B cell dependent manner concomitant with suppression of TFH and TFR differentiation. Conversely, PD-1 blockade increases Brucella burdens in a B and CD4+ T cell dependent manner while augmenting T regulatory (TReg) and TFR responses. Intriguingly, TFR deficiency enhances resistance to Brucella via a B cell dependent, but antibody independent mechanism. Collectively, these results demonstrate B cells support TFR responses that promote susceptibility to Brucella infection independent of the antibody response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis S. Dadelahi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Mostafa F. N. Abushahba
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Bárbara Ponzilacqua-Silva
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Chambers
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Charles R. Moley
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carolyn A. Lacey
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alexander L. Dent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jerod A. Skyberg
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Satitsuksanoa P, Iwasaki S, Boersma J, Imam MB, Schneider SR, Chang I, van de Veen W, Akdis M. B cells: The many facets of B cells in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:567-581. [PMID: 37247640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
B cells play a key role in our immune system through their ability to produce antibodies, suppress a proinflammatory state, and contribute to central immune tolerance. We aim to provide an in-depth knowledge of the molecular biology of B cells, including their origin, developmental process, types and subsets, and functions. In allergic diseases, B cells are well known to induce and maintain immune tolerance through the production of suppressor cytokines such as IL-10. Similarly, B cells protect against viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that caused the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Considering the unique and multifaceted functions of B cells, we hereby provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of B-cell biology and its clinical applications in allergic diseases, organ transplantation, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pattraporn Satitsuksanoa
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland.
| | - Sayuri Iwasaki
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Boersma
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manal Bel Imam
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R Schneider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Iris Chang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Sean N. Parker Centre for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Piédrola I, Martínez S, Gradillas A, Villaseñor A, Alonso-Herranz V, Sánchez-Vera I, Escudero E, Martín-Antoniano IA, Varona JF, Ruiz A, Castellano JM, Muñoz Ú, Sádaba MC. Deficiency in the production of antibodies to lipids correlates with increased lipid metabolism in severe COVID-19 patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188786. [PMID: 37426663 PMCID: PMC10327431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibodies to lipids are part of the first line of defense against microorganisms and regulate the pro/anti-inflammatory balance. Viruses modulate cellular lipid metabolism to enhance their replication, and some of these metabolites are proinflammatory. We hypothesized that antibodies to lipids would play a main role of in the defense against SARS-CoV-2 and thus, they would also avoid the hyperinflammation, a main problem in severe condition patients. Methods Serum samples from COVID-19 patients with mild and severe course, and control group were included. IgG and IgM to different glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids were analyzed using a high-sensitive ELISA developed in our laboratory. A lipidomic approach for studying lipid metabolism was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). Results Mild and severe COVID-19 patients had higher levels of IgM to glycerophosphocholines than control group. Mild COVID-19 patients showed higher levels of IgM to glycerophosphoinositol, glycerophosphoserine and sulfatides than control group and mild cases. 82.5% of mild COVID-19 patients showed IgM to glycerophosphoinositol or glycerophosphocholines plus sulfatides or glycerophosphoserines. Only 35% of severe cases and 27.5% of control group were positive for IgM to these lipids. Lipidomic analysis identify a total of 196 lipids, including 172 glycerophospholipids and 24 sphingomyelins. Increased levels of lipid subclasses belonging to lysoglycerophospholipids, ether and/or vinyl-ether-linked glycerophospholipids, and sphingomyelins were observed in severe COVID-19 patients, when compared with those of mild cases and control group. Conclusion Antibodies to lipids are essential for defense against SARS-CoV-2. Patients with low levels of anti-lipid antibodies have an elevated inflammatory response mediated by lysoglycerophospholipids. These findings provide novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Piédrola
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gradillas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Alonso-Herranz
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Vera
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Escudero
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel A. Martín-Antoniano
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Felipe Varona
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Hospitales de Madrid (HM), Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Ruiz
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Hospitales de Madrid (HM), Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Castellano
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Hospitales de Madrid (HM), Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Úrsula Muñoz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - María C. Sádaba
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Coyne V, Mead HL, Mongini PKA, Barker BM. B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Development in Mice with Chronic Lung Exposure to Coccidioides Fungal Arthroconidia. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:333-352. [PMID: 37195872 PMCID: PMC10579974 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Links between repeated microbial infections and B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) have been proposed but not tested directly. This study examines how prolonged exposure to a human fungal pathogen impacts B-CLL development in Eµ-hTCL1-transgenic mice. Monthly lung exposure to inactivated Coccidioides arthroconidia, agents of Valley fever, altered leukemia development in a species-specific manner, with Coccidioides posadasii hastening B-CLL diagnosis/progression in a fraction of mice and Coccidioides immitis delaying aggressive B-CLL development, despite fostering more rapid monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis. Overall survival did not differ significantly between control and C. posadasii-treated cohorts but was significantly extended in C. immitis-exposed mice. In vivo doubling time analyses of pooled B-CLL showed no difference in growth rates of early and late leukemias. However, within C. immitis-treated mice, B-CLL manifests longer doubling times, as compared with B-CLL in control or C. posadasii-treated mice, and/or evidence of clonal contraction over time. Through linear regression, positive relationships were noted between circulating levels of CD5+/B220low B cells and hematopoietic cells previously linked to B-CLL growth, albeit in a cohort-specific manner. Neutrophils were positively linked to accelerated growth in mice exposed to either Coccidioides species, but not in control mice. Conversely, only C. posadasii-exposed and control cohorts displayed positive links between CD5+/B220low B cell frequency and abundance of M2 anti-inflammatory monocytes and T cells. The current study provides evidence that chronic lung exposure to fungal arthroconidia affects B-CLL development in a manner dependent on fungal genotype. Correlative studies suggest that fungal species differences in the modulation of nonleukemic hematopoietic cells are involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Coyne
- Pathogen Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Heather L. Mead
- Pathogen Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | | | - Bridget M. Barker
- Pathogen Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weng KF, Tee HK, Tseligka ED, Cagno V, Mathez G, Rosset S, Nagamine CM, Sarnow P, Kirkegaard K, Tapparel C. Variant enterovirus A71 found in immune-suppressed patient binds to heparan sulfate and exhibits neurotropism in B-cell-depleted mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112389. [PMID: 37058406 PMCID: PMC10590055 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) causes hand, foot, and mouth disease outbreaks with neurological complications and deaths. We previously isolated an EV-A71 variant in the stool, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood of an immunocompromised patient who had a leucine-to-arginine substitution on the VP1 capsid protein, resulting in increased heparin sulfate binding. We show here that this mutation increases the virus's pathogenicity in orally infected mice with depleted B cells, which mimics the patient's immune status, and increases susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies. However, a double mutant with even greater heparin sulfate affinity is not pathogenic, suggesting that increased heparin sulfate affinity may trap virions in peripheral tissues and reduce neurovirulence. This research sheds light on the increased pathogenicity of variant with heparin sulfate (HS)-binding ability in individuals with decreased B cell immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Feng Weng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Han Kang Tee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eirini D Tseligka
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Cagno
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Mathez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Rosset
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claude M Nagamine
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter Sarnow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karla Kirkegaard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caroline Tapparel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Smith FL, Savage HP, Luo Z, Tipton CM, Lee FEH, Apostol AC, Beaudin AE, Lopez DA, Jensen I, Keller S, Baumgarth N. B-1 plasma cells require non-cognate CD4 T cell help to generate a unique repertoire of natural IgM. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220195. [PMID: 36811605 PMCID: PMC9960156 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved, "natural" (n)IgM is broadly reactive to both self and foreign antigens. Its selective deficiency leads to increases in autoimmune diseases and infections. In mice, nIgM is secreted independent of microbial exposure to bone marrow (BM) and spleen B-1 cell-derived plasma cells (B-1PC), generating the majority of nIgM, or by B-1 cells that remain non-terminally differentiated (B-1sec). Thus, it has been assumed that the nIgM repertoire is broadly reflective of the repertoire of body cavity B-1 cells. Studies here reveal, however, that B-1PC generate a distinct, oligoclonal nIgM repertoire, characterized by short CDR3 variable immunoglobulin heavy chain regions, 7-8 amino acids in length, some public, many arising from convergent rearrangements, while specificities previously associated with nIgM were generated by a population of IgM-secreting B-1 (B-1sec). BM, but not spleen B-1PC, or B-1sec also required the presence of TCRαβ CD4 T cells for their development from fetal precursors. Together, the studies identify important previously unknown characteristics of the nIgM pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fauna L. Smith
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Integrated Pathobiology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hannah P. Savage
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Luo
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher M. Tipton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - F. Eun-Hyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - April C. Apostol
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anna E. Beaudin
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Diego A. Lopez
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ingvill Jensen
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Keller
- Department Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Integrated Pathobiology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ardavín C, Alvarez‐Ladrón N, Ferriz M, Gutiérrez‐González A, Vega‐Pérez A. Mouse Tissue-Resident Peritoneal Macrophages in Homeostasis, Repair, Infection, and Tumor Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206617. [PMID: 36658699 PMCID: PMC10104642 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Large peritoneal macrophages (LPMs) are long-lived, tissue-resident macrophages, formed during embryonic life, developmentally and functionally confined to the peritoneal cavity. LPMs provide the first line of defense against life-threatening pathologies of the peritoneal cavity, such as abdominal sepsis, peritoneal metastatic tumor growth, or peritoneal injuries caused by trauma, or abdominal surgery. Apart from their primary phagocytic function, reminiscent of primitive defense mechanisms sustained by coelomocytes in the coelomic cavity of invertebrates, LPMs fulfill an essential homeostatic function by achieving an efficient clearance of apoptotic, that is crucial for the maintenance of self-tolerance. Research performed over the last few years, in mice, has unveiled the mechanisms by which LPMs fulfill a crucial role in repairing peritoneal injuries and controlling microbial and parasitic infections, reflecting that the GATA6-driven LPM transcriptional program can be modulated by extracellular signals associated with pathological conditions. In contrast, recent experimental evidence supports that peritoneal tumors can subvert LPM metabolism and function, leading to the acquisition of a tumor-promoting potential. The remarkable functional plasticity of LPMs can be nevertheless exploited to revert tumor-induced LPM protumor potential, providing the basis for the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches against peritoneal tumor metastasis based on macrophage reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ardavín
- Departamento de Inmunología y OncologíaCentro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSICDarwin 3Madrid28049Spain
| | - Natalia Alvarez‐Ladrón
- Departamento de Inmunología y OncologíaCentro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSICDarwin 3Madrid28049Spain
| | - Margarita Ferriz
- Departamento de Inmunología y OncologíaCentro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSICDarwin 3Madrid28049Spain
| | | | - Adrián Vega‐Pérez
- Departamento de Inmunología y OncologíaCentro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSICDarwin 3Madrid28049Spain
- Present address:
Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell Medicine1300 York AvenueNew YorkNY10065USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Su Z, Ma C, Zhao R, Jiang Y, Cai Y, Yong G, Yang T, Xu X. Heterogeneity of circulating CXCR5-PD-1 hiTph cells in patients of type 2 and type 1 diabetes in Chinese population. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:767-776. [PMID: 36879107 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Circulating peripheral helper T (Tph) cells are shown to promote the progression of autoimmune diseases. However, the role of Tph cells in inflammatory diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the differences between T2DM and autoimmune diabetes remain unclear. METHODS We recruited 92 T2DM patients, 106 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and 84 healthy control individuals. Peripheral blood mononucleated cells were isolated and examined by multicolor flow cytometry. We further evaluated the correlations between circulating Tph cells and clinical biochemical parameters, islet function, disease progression and islet autoantibodies. RESULTS Circulating Tph cells were significantly higher in both T2DM and T1DM patients than in healthy control individuals. A significant positive correlation was observed between Tph cells and B cells in T1DM patients and overweight T2DM patients. Furthermore, Tph cells were negatively correlated with the area under the C-peptide curve (C-PAUC), and Tph cells were significantly positively correlated with fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in T2DM patients. However, no correlation was found between Tph cells and the above clinical indicators in T1DM patients. The frequency of Tph cells positively correlated with the titer of GAD autoantibodies and duration of disease in T1DM patients. In addition, we demonstrated that the frequency of Tph cells was decreased after rituximab therapy in T1DM patients. CONCLUSIONS Circulating Tph cells are associated with blood glucose levels and islet function in T2DM patients. In T1DM patients, circulating Tph cells are associated with B cells and islet autoantibodies. This may suggest that Tph cells have different pathogenic mechanisms in the two types of diabetes. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION http://ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280682 (registered July, 2010).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyao Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenggong Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiling Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gu Yong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Úbeda M, Maza MDC, Delgado P, Horndler L, Abia D, García-Bermejo L, Serrano-Villar S, Calvo C, Bastolla U, Sainz T, Fresno M. Diversity of immune responses in children highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105237. [PMID: 36936972 PMCID: PMC10020361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Children are less susceptible than adults to symptomatic COVID-19 infection, but very few studies addressed their underlying cause. Moreover, very few studies analyzed why children highly exposed to the virus remain uninfected. Methods We analyzed the serum levels of ACE2, angiotensin II, anti-spike and anti-N antibodies, cytokine profiles, and virus neutralization in a cohort of children at high risk of viral exposure, cohabiting with infected close relatives during the lockdown in Spain. Results We analyzed 40 children who were highly exposed to the virus since they lived with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected relatives during the lockdown for several months without taking preventive measures. Of those, 26 reported mild or very mild symptoms. The induced immune response to the virus was analyzed 3 months after the household infection. Surprisingly, only 15 children had IgG anti-S (IgG+) determined by a sensitive method indicative of a past infection. The rest, negative for IgG anti-N or S in various tests, could be further subdivided, according to IgM antibodies, into those having IgM anti-S and IgM anti-N (IgG-IgMhigh) and those having only IgM anti-N (IgG-IgMlow). Interestingly, those two subgroups of children with IgM antibodies have strikingly different patterns of cytokines. The IgMhigh group had significantly higher IFN-α2 and IFN-γ levels as well as IL-10 and GM-CSF than the IgMlow group. In contrast, the IgMlow group had low levels of ACE2 in the serum. Both groups have a weaker but significant capacity to neutralize the virus in the serum than the IgG+ group. Two children were negative in all immunological antibody tests. Conclusions A significant proportion of children highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 did not develop a classical adaptive immune response, defined by the production of IgG, despite being in close contact with infected relatives. A large proportion of those children show immunological signs compatible with innate immune responses (as secretion of natural antibodies and cytokines), and others displayed very low levels of the viral receptor ACE2 that may have protected them from the virus spreading in the body despite high and constant viral exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Úbeda
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel Fresno, ; María Úbeda,
| | - María del Carmen Maza
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Delgado
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lydia Horndler
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Abia
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura García-Bermejo
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Calvo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Hospital La Paz, and La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Translational Research Network of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), and CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ugo Bastolla
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Talia Sainz
- Department of Pediatrics, Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Hospital La Paz, and La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Translational Research Network of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), and CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Sanitario Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel Fresno, ; María Úbeda,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dong X, Tu H, Qin S, Bai X, Yang F, Li Z. Insights into the Roles of B Cells in Patients with Sepsis. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:7408967. [PMID: 37128298 PMCID: PMC10148744 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7408967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening yet common disease, still posing high mortality worldwide. Sepsis-related deaths primarily occur during immunosuppression; the disease can hamper the numbers and function of B cells, which mediate innate and adaptive immune responses to maintain immune homeostasis. Dysfunction of B cells, along with aggravated immunosuppression, are closely related to poor prognosis. However, B cells in patients with sepsis have garnered little attention. This article focuses on the significance of B-cell subsets, including regulatory B cells, in sepsis and how the counts and function of circulating B cells are affected in patients with sepsis. Finally, potential B-cell-related immunotherapies for sepsis are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijie Dong
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hao Tu
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cumpelik A, Cody E, Yu SMW, Grasset EK, Dominguez-Sola D, Cerutti A, Heeger PS. Cutting Edge: Neutrophil Complement Receptor Signaling Is Required for BAFF-Dependent Humoral Responses in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:19-23. [PMID: 36454023 PMCID: PMC9780177 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T cell-independent (TI) B cell responses to nonprotein Ags involve multiple cues from the innate immune system. Neutrophils express complement receptors and activated neutrophils can release BAFF, but mechanisms effectively linking neutrophil activation to TI B cell responses are incompletely understood. Using germline and conditional knockout mice, we found that TI humoral responses involve alternative pathway complement activation and neutrophil-expressed C3a and C5a receptors (C3aR1/C5aR1) that promote BAFF-dependent B1 cell expansion and TI Ab production. Conditional absence of C3aR1/C5aR1 on neutrophils lowered serum BAFF levels, led to fewer Peyer's patch germinal center B cells, reduced germinal center B cells IgA class-switching, and lowered fecal IgA levels. Together, the results indicate that sequential activation of complement on neutrophils crucially supports humoral TI and mucosal IgA responses through upregulating neutrophil production of BAFF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Cumpelik
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Evan Cody
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Samuel Mon-Wei Yu
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Emilie K Grasset
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - David Dominguez-Sola
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Andrea Cerutti
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Peter S Heeger
- Precision Immunology Institute, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hiéronimus L, Huaux F. B-1 cells in immunotoxicology: Mechanisms underlying their response to chemicals and particles. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:960861. [PMID: 37143777 PMCID: PMC10151831 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.960861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery nearly 40 years ago, B-1 cells have continued to challenge the boundaries between innate and adaptive immunity, as well as myeloid and lymphoid functions. This B-cell subset ensures early immunity in neonates before the development of conventional B (B-2) cells and respond to immune injuries throughout life. B-1 cells are multifaceted and serve as natural- and induced-antibody-producing cells, phagocytic cells, antigen-presenting cells, and anti-/pro-inflammatory cytokine-releasing cells. This review retraces the origin of B-1 cells and their different roles in homeostatic and infectious conditions before focusing on pollutants comprising contact-sensitivity-inducing chemicals, endocrine disruptors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, and reactive particles.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zimmerman LM. Adaptive Immunity in Reptiles: Conventional Components but Unconventional Strategies. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1572-1583. [PMID: 35482599 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have established that the innate immune system of reptiles is broad and robust, but the question remains: What role does the reptilian adaptive immune system play? Conventionally, adaptive immunity is described as involving T and B lymphocytes that display variable receptors, is highly specific, improves over the course of the response, and produces a memory response. While reptiles do have B and T lymphocytes that utilize variable receptors, their adaptive response is relatively non-specific, generates a prolonged antibody response, and does not produce a typical memory response. This alternative adaptive strategy may allow reptiles to produce a broad adaptive response that complements a strong innate system. Further studies into reptile adaptive immunity cannot only clarify outstanding questions on the reptilian immune system but can shed light on a number of important immunological concepts, including the evolution of the immune system and adaptive immune responses that take place outside of germinal centers.
Collapse
|
25
|
Immune cell interactions in tuberculosis. Cell 2022; 185:4682-4702. [PMID: 36493751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite having been identified as the organism that causes tuberculosis in 1882, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has managed to still evade our understanding of the protective immune response against it, defying the development of an effective vaccine. Technology and novel experimental models have revealed much new knowledge, particularly with respect to the heterogeneity of the bacillus and the host response. This review focuses on certain immunological elements that have recently yielded exciting data and highlights the importance of taking a holistic approach to understanding the interaction of M. tuberculosis with the many host cells that contribute to the development of protective immunity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Acosta F, Fernández PL, Goodridge A. Do B-1 cells play a role in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineages? Virulence 2022; 13:1-4. [PMID: 34753390 PMCID: PMC8741279 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2003116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We highlight the need to include an analysis of the B-1 B cell subset to complement the characterization of the cell-mediated immune response to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage. The literature describes the B-1 cell repertoire's involvement in the cell-mediated response within granulomas, which is different from the classic antibody response B cells are generally associated with. Specifically, the B-1 B cell subset migrates from other compartments along with other cells to the infection site. We provide details to complement the reported results from Cerezo-Cortes et al.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fermín Acosta
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Celular de las Enfermedades (CBCME) del Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Patricia L. Fernández
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Celular de las Enfermedades (CBCME) del Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Amador Goodridge
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Celular de las Enfermedades (CBCME) del Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT-AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panamá,CONTACT Amador Goodridge
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhai S, Cao M, Zhou H, Zhu H, Xu T, Wang Y, Wang X, Cai Z. H3K36 methyltransferase NSD1 is essential for normal B1 and B2 cell development and germinal center formation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959021. [PMID: 36532012 PMCID: PMC9750791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells, which consist of two well-defined populations: B1 and B2 cells, which can produce antibodies that are essential for host protection against infections, through virus neutralization, opsonization and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modification could regulate immune cell differentiation and functions. In this study, we found a significant reduction of GC response in the B cell specific knockout of H3K36 methyltransferase NSD1 (Mb1-Cre+ NSD1fl/fl, NSD1B KO) mice compared with the wildtype control (Mb1-Cre+ NSD1+/+, NSD1B WT). We also demonstrated reduced production of high-affinity antibody, but increased production of low-affinity antibody in the NSD1B KO mice. Further analysis revealed that loss of NSD1 promoted the development of B1 cells by increasing the expression of Rap1b and Arid3a. In conclusion, our data suggest that NSD1 plays an important role in regulation the development of B1 and B2 cells, and the process of germinal center formation and high-affinity antibody production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulan Zhai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Reproductive Medicine Centre, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Huamin Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongchang Xu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoming Wang, ; Zhenming Cai,
| | - Zhenming Cai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoming Wang, ; Zhenming Cai,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
López DA, Apostol AC, Lebish EJ, Valencia CH, Romero-Mulero MC, Pavlovich PV, Hernandez GE, Forsberg EC, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Beaudin AE. Prenatal inflammation perturbs murine fetal hematopoietic development and causes persistent changes to postnatal immunity. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111677. [PMID: 36417858 PMCID: PMC10184520 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond directly to inflammation and infection, causing both acute and persistent changes to quiescence, mobilization, and differentiation. Here we show that murine fetal HSPCs respond to prenatal inflammation in utero and that the fetal response shapes postnatal hematopoiesis and immune cell function. Heterogeneous fetal HSPCs show divergent responses to maternal immune activation (MIA), including changes in quiescence, expansion, and lineage-biased output. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of fetal HSPCs in response to MIA reveals specific upregulation of inflammatory gene profiles in discrete, transient hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) populations that propagate expansion of lymphoid-biased progenitors. Beyond fetal development, MIA causes the inappropriate expansion and persistence of fetal lymphoid-biased progenitors postnatally, concomitant with increased cellularity and hyperresponsiveness of fetal-derived innate-like lymphocytes. Our investigation demonstrates how inflammation in utero can direct the output and function of fetal-derived immune cells by reshaping fetal HSC establishment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A López
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - April C Apostol
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Lebish
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Clint H Valencia
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Polina V Pavlovich
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gloria E Hernandez
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Camilla Forsberg
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Anna E Beaudin
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma C, Liu H, Yang S, Li H, Liao X, Kang Y. The emerging roles and therapeutic potential of B cells in sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1034667. [PMID: 36425582 PMCID: PMC9679374 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1034667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by anomalous host response to infection. The pathogenesis of sepsis is complex, and immune dysfunction is the central link in its occurrence and development. The sepsis immune response is not a local and transient process but a complex and continuous process involving all major cell types of innate and adaptive immunity. B cells are traditionally studied for their ability to produce antibodies in the context of mediating humoral immunity. However, over the past few years, B cells have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of adaptive and innate immunity, and they can participate in immune responses by presenting antigens, producing cytokines, and modulating other immune cells. Recently, increasing evidence links B-cell dysfunction to mechanisms of immune derangement in sepsis, which has drawn attention to the powerful properties of this unique immune cell type in sepsis. Here, we reviewed the dynamic alterations of B cells and their novel roles in animal models and patients with sepsis, and provided new perspectives for therapeutic strategies targeting B cells in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Ma
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanrui Liu
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelian Liao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shenoy AT, De Ana CL, Barker KA, Arafa EI, Martin IM, Mizgerd JP, Belkina AC. CPHEN-011: Comprehensive phenotyping of murine lung resident lymphocytes after recovery from pneumococcal pneumonia. Cytometry A 2022; 101:892-902. [PMID: 34854229 PMCID: PMC9160214 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recovery from pneumococcal (Spn) pneumonia induces development of tissue resident memory CD4+ TRM cells, BRM cells, and antibody secreting plasma cells in experienced lungs. These tissue resident lymphocytes confer protection against subsequent lethal challenge by serotype mismatched Spn (termed as heterotypic immunity). While traditional flow cytometry and gating strategies support premeditated identification of cells using a limited set of markers, discovery of novel tissue resident lymphocytes necessitates stable platforms that can handle larger sets of phenotypic markers and lends itself to unbiased clustering approaches. In this report, we leverage the power of full spectrum flow cytometry (FSFC) to develop a comprehensive panel of phenotypic markers that allows identification of multiple subsets of tissue resident lymphocytes in Spn-experienced murine lungs. Using Phenograph algorithm on this multidimensional data, we identify unforeseen heterogeneity in lung resident adaptive immune landscape which includes unexpected subsets of TRM and BRM cells. Further, using conventional gating strategy informed by our unsupervised clustering data, we confirm their presence exquisitely in Spn-experienced lungs as potentially relevant to heterotypic immunity and define CD73 as a highly expressed marker on TRM cells. Thus, our study emphasizes the utility of FSFC for confirmatory and discovery studies relating to tissue resident adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anukul T. Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carolina Lyon De Ana
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Barker
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Emad I. Arafa
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ian M.C. Martin
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joseph P. Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anna C. Belkina
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Baumgarth N. Breaking the Paradigm: Selection of Self-Reactive Natural Antibodies. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1621-1623. [PMID: 36253068 PMCID: PMC9586457 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This Pillars of Immunology article is a commentary on “Positive Selection of Natural Autoreactive B Cells,” a pivotal article written by K. Hayakawa, M. Asano, S. A. Shinton, M. Gui, D. Allman, C. L. Stewart, J. Silver, and R. R. Hardy, and published in Science, in 1999. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5424.113.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ruiz MJ, Siracusano G, Cottignies-Calamarte A, Tudor D, Real F, Zhu A, Pastori C, Capron C, Rosenberg AR, Temperton N, Cantoni D, Liao H, Ternette N, Moine P, Godement M, Geri G, Chiche JD, Annane D, Cramer Bordé E, Lopalco L, Bomsel M. Persistent but dysfunctional mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and low lung IL-1β associate with COVID-19 fatal outcome: A cross-sectional analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842468. [PMID: 36248831 PMCID: PMC9560774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the mucosal pulmonary antibody response in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcome remains unclear. Here, we found that in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from 48 patients with severe COVID-19-infected with the ancestral Wuhan virus, mucosal IgG and IgA specific for S1, receptor-binding domain (RBD), S2, and nucleocapsid protein (NP) emerged in BAL containing viruses early in infection and persist after virus elimination, with more IgA than IgG for all antigens tested. Furthermore, spike-IgA and spike-IgG immune complexes were detected in BAL, especially when the lung virus has been cleared. BAL IgG and IgA recognized the four main RBD variants. BAL neutralizing titers were higher early in COVID-19 when virus replicates in the lung than later in infection after viral clearance. Patients with fatal COVID-19, in contrast to survivors, developed higher levels of mucosal spike-specific IgA than IgG but lost neutralizing activities over time and had reduced IL-1β in the lung. Altogether, mucosal spike and NP-specific IgG and S1-specific IgA persisting after lung severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) clearance and low pulmonary IL-1β correlate with COVID-19 fatal outcome. Thus, mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies may have adverse functions in addition to protective neutralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Julia Ruiz
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Gabriel Siracusano
- Immunobiology of HIV Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andréa Cottignies-Calamarte
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Tudor
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Fernando Real
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Aiwei Zhu
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Pastori
- Immunobiology of HIV Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claude Capron
- AP-HP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Service d'Hématologie, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Arielle R. Rosenberg
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Nigel Temperton
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, The Universities of Kent and Greenwich at Medway, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Cantoni
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, The Universities of Kent and Greenwich at Medway, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Hanqing Liao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Ternette
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Moine
- FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis), Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (APHP), Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation – U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, University Versailles Saint Quentin – University Paris Saclay, INSERM, Garches, France
| | - Mathieu Godement
- FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis), Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (APHP), Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation – U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, University Versailles Saint Quentin – University Paris Saclay, INSERM, Garches, France
| | - Guillaume Geri
- AP-HP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Service de Réanimation, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Université de Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | | | - Djillali Annane
- FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis), Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (APHP), Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation – U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, University Versailles Saint Quentin – University Paris Saclay, INSERM, Garches, France
| | | | - Lucia Lopalco
- Immunobiology of HIV Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Morgane Bomsel
- Mucosal Entry of HIV and Mucosal Immunity, Institut Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Morgane Bomsel,
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang B, Wang M, Ao D, Wei X. CXCL13-CXCR5 axis: Regulation in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188799. [PMID: 36103908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13), originally identified as a B-cell chemokine, plays an important role in the immune system. The interaction between CXCL13 and its receptor, the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) CXCR5, builds a signaling network that regulates not only normal organisms but also the development of many diseases. However, the precise action mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we discussed the functional mechanisms of the CXCL13-CXCR5 axis under normal conditions, with special focus on its association with diseases. For certain refractory diseases, we emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic role of CXCL13-CXCR5 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binhan Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danyi Ao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stancheva SG, Frömbling J, Sassu EL, Hennig-Pauka I, Ladinig A, Gerner W, Grunert T, Ehling-Schulz M. Proteomic and immunoproteomic insights into the exoproteome of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105759. [PMID: 36087692 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Porcine pleuropneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae affects pig health status and the swine industry worldwide. Despite the extensive number of studies focused on A. pleuropneumoniae infection and vaccine development, a thorough analysis of the A. pleuropneumoniae exoproteome is still missing. Using a complementary approach of quantitative proteomics and immunoproteomics we gained an in-depth insight into the A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 exoproteome, which provides the basis for future functional studies. Label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed 593 exoproteins, of which 104 were predicted to be virulence factors. The RTX toxins ApxIIA and ApxIIIA -were found to be the most abundant proteins in the A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 exoproteome. Furthermore, the ApxIVA toxin was one of the proteins showing the highest abundance, although ApxIVA is commonly assumed to be expressed exclusively in vivo. Our study revealed several antigens, including proteins with moonlight functions, such as the elongation factor (EF)-Tu, and proteins linked to specific metabolic traits, such as the maltodextrin-binding protein MalE, that warrant future functional characterization and might present potential targets for novel therapeutics and vaccines. Our Ig-classes specific serological proteome analysis (SERPA) approach allowed us to explore the development of the host humoral immune response over the course of the infection. These SERPAs pinpointed proteins that might play a key role in virulence and persistence and showed that the immune response to the different Apx toxins is distinct. For instance, our results indicate that the ApxIIIA toxin has properties of a thymus-independent antigen, which should be studied in more detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stelli G Stancheva
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Janna Frömbling
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena L Sassu
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabel Hennig-Pauka
- Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bakum, Germany
| | - Andrea Ladinig
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilhelm Gerner
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tom Grunert
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Ehling-Schulz
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Souza OF, Popi AF. Role of microRNAs in B-Cell Compartment: Development, Proliferation and Hematological Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082004. [PMID: 36009551 PMCID: PMC9405569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell development is a very orchestrated pathway that involves several molecules, such as transcription factors, cytokines, microRNAs, and also different cells. All these components maintain the ideal microenvironment and control B-cell differentiation. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that bind to target mRNA to control gene expression. These molecules could circulate in the body in a free form, protein-bounded, or encapsulated into extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes. The comprehension of the role of microRNAs in the B-cell development was possible based on microRNA profile of each B-cell stage and functional studies. Herein, we report the knowledge about microRNAs in the B-cell the differentiation, proliferation, and also in hematological malignancies.
Collapse
|
36
|
Van Kaer L, Postoak JL, Song W, Wu L. Innate and Innate-like Effector Lymphocytes in Health and Disease. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:199-207. [PMID: 35821102 PMCID: PMC9285656 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocytes can be functionally partitioned into subsets belonging to the innate or adaptive arms of the immune system. Subsets of innate and innate-like lymphocytes may or may not express Ag-specific receptors of the adaptive immune system, yet they are poised to respond with innate-like speed to pathogenic insults but lack the capacity to develop classical immunological memory. These lymphocyte subsets display a number of common properties that permit them to integrate danger and stress signals dispatched by innate sensor cells to facilitate the generation of specialized effector immune responses tailored toward specific pathogens or other insults. In this review, we discuss the functions of distinct subsets of innate and innate-like lymphocytes. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which these cells are activated in different contexts, their interactions with other immune cells, and their role in health and disease may inform the development of new or improved immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - J Luke Postoak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wenqiang Song
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang K, Han J, Gill JG, Park JY, Sathe MN, Gattineni J, Wright T, Wysocki C, de la Morena MT, Yan N. The mammalian SKIV2L RNA exosome is essential for early B cell development. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn2888. [PMID: 35658009 PMCID: PMC9376044 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The SKIV2L RNA exosome is an evolutionarily conserved RNA degradation complex in the eukaryotes. Mutations in the SKIV2L gene are associated with a severe inherited disorder, trichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES), with multisystem involvement but unknown disease mechanism. Here, we reported a THES patient with SKIV2L mutations showing severe primary B cell immunodeficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, and kappa-restricted plasma cell dyscrasia but normal T cell and NK cell function. To corroborate these findings, we made B cell-specific Skiv2l knockout mice (Skiv2lfl/flCd79a-Cre), which lacked both conventional B-2 and innate-like B-1 B cells in the periphery and secondary lymphoid organs. This was linked to a requirement of SKIV2L RNA exosome activity in the bone marrow during early B cell development at the pro-B cell to large pre-B cell transition. Mechanistically, Skiv2l-deficient pro-B cells exhibited cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. Furthermore, loss of Skiv2l led to substantial out-of-frame V(D)J rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain and severely reduced surface expression of μH, both of which are crucial for pre-BCR signaling and proliferative burst during early B cell development. Together, our data demonstrated a crucial role for SKIV2L RNA exosome in early B cell development in both human and mice by ensuring proper V(D)J recombination and Igh expression, which serves as the molecular basis for immunodeficiency associated with THES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer G. Gill
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jason Y. Park
- Department of Pathology and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Meghana N. Sathe
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jyothsna Gattineni
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tracey Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christian Wysocki
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Regeneration of immunocompetent B lymphopoiesis from pluripotent stem cells guided by transcription factors. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:492-503. [PMID: 34893754 PMCID: PMC8975874 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of functional B lymphopoiesis from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is challenging, and reliable methods have not been developed. Here, we unveiled the guiding role of three essential factors, Lhx2, Hoxa9, and Runx1, the simultaneous expression of which preferentially drives B lineage fate commitment and in vivo B lymphopoiesis using PSCs as a cell source. In the presence of Lhx2, Hoxa9, and Runx1 expression, PSC-derived induced hematopoietic progenitors (iHPCs) immediately gave rise to pro/pre-B cells in recipient bone marrow, which were able to further differentiate into entire B cell lineages, including innate B-1a, B-1b, and marginal zone B cells, as well as adaptive follicular B cells. In particular, the regenerative B cells produced adaptive humoral immune responses, sustained antigen-specific antibody production, and formed immune memory in response to antigen challenges. The regenerative B cells showed natural B cell development patterns of immunoglobulin chain switching and hypermutation via cross-talk with host T follicular helper cells, which eventually formed T cell-dependent humoral responses. This study exhibits de novo evidence that B lymphopoiesis can be regenerated from PSCs via an HSC-independent approach, which provides insights into treating B cell-related deficiencies using PSCs as an unlimited cell resource.
Collapse
|
39
|
Halperin ST, ’t Hart BA, Luchicchi A, Schenk GJ. The Forgotten Brother: The Innate-like B1 Cell in Multiple Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:606. [PMID: 35327408 PMCID: PMC8945227 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), traditionally considered a chronic autoimmune attack against the insulating myelin sheaths around axons. However, the exact etiology has not been identified and is likely multi-factorial. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that implies that autoimmune processes underlying MS may, in fact, be triggered by pathological processes initiated within the CNS. This review focuses on a relatively unexplored immune cell-the "innate-like" B1 lymphocyte. The B1 cell is a primary-natural-antibody- and anti-inflammatory-cytokine-producing cell present in the healthy brain. It has been recently shown that its frequency and function may differ between MS patients and healthy controls, but its exact involvement in the MS pathogenic process remains obscure. In this review, we propose that this enigmatic cell may play a more prominent role in MS pathology than ever imagined. We aim to shed light on the human B1 cell in health and disease, and how dysregulation in its delicate homeostatic role could impact MS. Furthermore, novel therapeutic avenues to restore B1 cells' beneficial functions will be proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Luchicchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.T.H.); (B.A.’t.H.)
| | - Geert J. Schenk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.T.H.); (B.A.’t.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) genetic variants influence expression levels and disease outcome in HIV-1 chronically infected patients. Retrovirology 2022; 19:3. [PMID: 35081977 PMCID: PMC8793201 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-022-00588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) also known as Tetherin (CD317/HM1.24), is a host restriction factor that blocks the release of HIV-1 virions from infected cells. Previous studies reported that BST-2 genetic variants or single nucleotide polymorphims (SNPs) have a preventative role during HIV-1 infection. However, the influence of BST-2 SNPs on expression levels remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the influence of BST-2 SNPs on expression levels and disease outcome in HIV-1 subtype C chronically infected antiretroviral therapy naïve individuals. Results We quantified BST-2 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), determined BST-2 protein expression on the surface of CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry and genotyped two intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs919267 and rs919266 together with one SNP rs9576 located in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of bst-2 gene using TaqMan assays from HIV-1 uninfected and infected participants. Subsequently, we determined the ability of plasma antibody levels to mediate antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) using gp120 consensus C and p24 subtype B/C protein. Fc receptor-mediated NK cell degranulation was evaluated as a surrogate for ADCC activity using plasma from HIV-1 positive participants. BST-2 mRNA expression levels in PBMCs and protein levels on CD4+ T cells were lower in HIV-1 infected compared to uninfected participants (p = 0.075 and p < 0.001, respectively). rs919267CT (p = 0.042) and rs919267TT (p = 0.045) were associated with lower BST-2 mRNA expression levels compared to rs919267CC in HIV-1 uninfected participants. In HIV-1 infected participants, rs919267CT associated with lower CD4 counts, (p = 0.003), gp120-IgG1 (p = 0.040), gp120-IgG3 (p = 0.016) levels but higher viral loads (p = 0.001) while rs919267TT was associated with lower BST-2 mRNA levels (p = 0.046), CD4 counts (p = 0.001), gp120-IgG1 levels (p = 0.033) but higher plasma viral loads (p = 0.007). Conversely, rs9576CA was associated with higher BST-2 mRNA expression levels (p = 0.027), CD4 counts (p = 0.079), gp120-IgG1 (p = 0.009), gp120-IgG3 (p = 0.039) levels but with lower viral loads (p = 0.037). Conclusion Our findings show that bst-2 SNPs mediate BST-2 expression and disease outcome, correlate with gp120-IgG1, gp120-IgG3 levels but not p24-IgG levels, ADCC and ADCP activity. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12977-022-00588-2.
Collapse
|
41
|
Souza SP, Splitt SD, Sànchez-Arcila JC, Alvarez JA, Wilson JN, Wizzard S, Luo Z, Baumgarth N, Jensen KDC. Genetic mapping reveals Nfkbid as a central regulator of humoral immunity to Toxoplasma gondii. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010081. [PMID: 34871323 PMCID: PMC8675933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective immunity to parasitic infections has been difficult to elicit by vaccines. Among parasites that evade vaccine-induced immunity is Toxoplasma gondii, which causes lethal secondary infections in chronically infected mice. Here we report that unlike susceptible C57BL/6J mice, A/J mice were highly resistant to secondary infection. To identify correlates of immunity, we utilized forward genetics to identify Nfkbid, a nuclear regulator of NF-κB that is required for B cell activation and B-1 cell development. Nfkbid-null mice (“bumble”) did not generate parasite-specific IgM and lacked robust parasite-specific IgG, which correlated with defects in B-2 cell maturation and class-switch recombination. Though high-affinity antibodies were B-2 derived, transfer of B-1 cells partially rescued the immunity defects observed in bumble mice and were required for 100% vaccine efficacy in bone marrow chimeric mice. Immunity in resistant mice correlated with robust isotype class-switching in both B cell lineages, which can be fine-tuned by Nfkbid gene expression. We propose a model whereby humoral immunity to T. gondii is regulated by Nfkbid and requires B-1 and B-2 cells for full protection. Eukaryotic parasitic diseases account for approximately one fifth of all childhood deaths, yet no highly protective vaccine exists for any human parasite. More research must be done to discover how to elicit protective vaccine-induced immunity to parasitic pathogens. We used an unbiased genetic screen to find key genes responsible for immunity to the eukaryotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Our screen found Nfkbid, a transcription factor regulator, which controls B cell activation and innate-like B-1 cell development. Mice without Nfkbid were not protected against T. gondii and were deficient at making antibodies against the parasite. Our survival studies of vaccinated mice with and without B-1 compartments found that B-1 cells improved survival, suggesting that B-1 cells act in conjunction with B-2 cells to provide vaccine-induced immunity. Nfkbid and other loci identified in our unbiased screen represent potential targets for vaccines to elicit protective immune responses against parasitic pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Souza
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Samantha D. Splitt
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Juan C. Sànchez-Arcila
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Julia A. Alvarez
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica N. Wilson
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Safuwra Wizzard
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Zheng Luo
- Center for Immunology & Infectious Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Immunology & Infectious Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kirk D. C. Jensen
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Health Science Research Institute, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dahmani M, Cook JH, Zhu JC, Riley SP. Contribution of classical complement activation and IgM to the control of Rickettsia infection. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:1476-1488. [PMID: 34725868 PMCID: PMC8955150 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria and the etiologic agents of many life‐threatening infectious diseases. Due to the serious nature of these infections, it is imperative to both identify the responsive immune sensory pathways and understand the associated immune mechanisms that restrict Rickettsia proliferation. Previous studies have demonstrated that the mammalian complement system is both activated during Rickettsia infection and contributes to the immune response to infection. To further define this component of the mammalian anti‐Rickettsia immune response, we sought to identify the mechanism(s) of complement activation during Rickettsia infection. We have employed a series of in vitro and in vivo models of infection to investigate the role of the classical complement activation pathway during Rickettsia infection. Depletion or elimination of complement activity demonstrates that both C1q and pre‐existing IgM contribute to complement activation; thus implicating the classical complement system in Rickettsia‐mediated complement activation. Elimination of the classical complement pathway from mice increases susceptibility to R. australis infection with both increased bacterial loads in multiple tissues and decreased immune activation markers. This study highlights the role of the classical complement pathway in immunity against Rickettsia and implicates resident Rickettsia‐responsive IgM in the response to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Dahmani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jack H Cook
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jinyi C Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean P Riley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kubelkova K, Macela A. Francisella and Antibodies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102136. [PMID: 34683457 PMCID: PMC8538966 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune responses to intracellular pathogens depend largely upon the activation of T helper type 1-dependent mechanisms. The contribution of B cells to establishing protective immunity has long been underestimated. Francisella tularensis, including a number of subspecies, provides a suitable model for the study of immune responses against intracellular bacterial pathogens. We previously demonstrated that Francisella infects B cells and activates B-cell subtypes to produce a number of cytokines and express the activation markers. Recently, we documented the early production of natural antibodies as a consequence of Francisella infection in mice. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the innate and acquired humoral immune responses initiated by Francisella infection and their relationships with the immune defense systems.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chuah JJM, Hertzog PJ, Campbell NK. Immunoregulation by type I interferons in the peritoneal cavity. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:337-353. [PMID: 34612523 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0821-147r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The peritoneal cavity, a fluid-containing potential space surrounding the abdominal and pelvic organs, is home to a rich network of immune cells that maintain tissue homeostasis and provide protection against infection. However, under pathological conditions such as peritonitis, endometriosis, and peritoneal carcinomatosis, the peritoneal immune system can become dysregulated, resulting in nonresolving inflammation and disease progression. An enhanced understanding of the factors that regulate peritoneal immune cells under both homeostatic conditions and in disease contexts is therefore required to identify new treatment strategies for these often life-limiting peritoneal pathologies. Type I interferons (T1IFNs) are a family of cytokines with broad immunoregulatory functions, which provide defense against viruses, bacteria, and cancer. There have been numerous reports of immunoregulation by T1IFNs within the peritoneal cavity, which can contribute to both the resolution or propagation of peritoneal disease states, depending on the specifics of the disease setting and local environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the major immune cell populations that reside in the peritoneal cavity (or infiltrate it under inflammatory conditions) and highlight their contribution to the initiation, progression, or resolution of peritoneal diseases. Additionally, we will discuss the role of T1IFNs in the regulation of peritoneal immune cells, and summarize the results of laboratory studies and clinical trials which have investigated T1IFNs in peritonitis/sepsis, endometriosis, and peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine J M Chuah
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole K Campbell
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
X-linked immunodeficient (XID) mice exhibit high susceptibility to Cryptococcus gattii infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18397. [PMID: 34526536 PMCID: PMC8443669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic disease caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. It starts as a pulmonary infection that can spread to other organs, such as the brain, leading to the most serious occurrence of the disease, meningoencephalitis. The humoral response has already been described in limiting the progression of cryptococcosis where the B-1 cell seems to be responsible for producing natural IgM antibodies, crucial for combating fungal infections. The role of the B-1 cell in C. neoformans infection has been initially described, however the role of the humoral response of B-1 cells has not yet been evaluated during C. gattii infections. In the present study we tried to unravel this issue using XID mice, a murine model deficient in the Btk protein which compromises the development of B-1 lymphocytes. We use the XID mice compared to BALB/c mice that are sufficient for the B-1 population during C. gattii infection. Our model of chronic lung infection revealed that XID mice, unlike the sufficient group of B-1, had early mortality with significant weight loss, in addition to reduced levels of IgM and IgG specific to GXM isolated from the capsule of C. neoformans. In addition to this, we observed an increased fungal load in the blood and in the brain. We described an increase in the capsular size of C. gattii and the predominant presence of cytokines with a Th2 profile was also observed in these animals. Thus, the present study strongly points to a higher susceptibility of the XID mouse to C. gattii, which suggests that the presence of B-1 cells and anti-GXM antibodies is fundamental during the control of infection by C. gattii.
Collapse
|
46
|
Olayinka-Adefemi F, Onyilagha C, Jayachandran N, Hou S, Jia P, Uzonna J, Marshall AJ. Critical Roles of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase δ in the Humoral Immune Response to Trypanosoma congolense Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1401-1410. [PMID: 34380646 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PI3Kδ is critical in generating humoral and regulatory immune responses. In this study, we determined the impact of PI3Kδ in immunity to Trypanosoma congolense, an African trypanosome that can manipulate and evade Ab responses critical for protection. Upon infection with T. congolense, PI3KδD910A mice lacking PI3Kδ activity paradoxically show a transient enhancement in early control of parasitemia, associated with impaired production of regulatory IL-10 by B cells in the peritoneum. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice treated with the PI3Kδ inhibitor (PI3Kδi) Idelalisib showed a similar transient decrease in parasitemia associated with reduced IL-10. Strikingly, however, we find that PI3KδD910A mice were ultimately unable to control this infection, resulting in uncontrolled parasitemia and death within 2 wk. Assessment of humoral responses revealed delayed B cell activation, impaired germinal center responses, and compromised Ab responses to differing degrees in PI3KδD910A and PI3Kδi-treated mice. To test the role of Abs, we administered serum from WT mice to PI3KδD910A mice and found that lethality was prevented by postinfection serum. Interestingly, serum from naive WT mice provided partial protection to PI3KδD910A mutants, indicating an additional role for natural Abs. Together our findings suggest that although PI3Kδ drives immune regulatory responses that antagonize early control of parasite growth in the peritoneum, it is also required for generation of Abs that are critical for protection from systemic trypanosome infection. The essential role of PI3Kδ for host survival of African trypanosome infection contrasts with findings for other pathogens such as Leishmania, underlining the critical importance of PI3Kδ-dependent humoral immunity in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Folayemi Olayinka-Adefemi
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chukwunonso Onyilagha
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Nipun Jayachandran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sen Hou
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jude Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Azevedo Portilho N, Scarfò R, Bertesago E, Ismailoglu I, Kyba M, Kobayashi M, Ditadi A, Yoshimoto M. B1 lymphocytes develop independently of Notch signaling during mouse embryonic development. Development 2021; 148:271231. [PMID: 34370006 PMCID: PMC8380455 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
B1 lymphocytes are a small but unique component of the innate immune-like cells. However, their ontogenic origin is still a matter of debate. Although it is widely accepted that B1 cells originate early in fetal life, whether or not they arise from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is still unclear. In order to shed light on the B1 cell origin, we set out to determine whether their lineage specification is dependent on Notch signaling, which is essential for the HSC generation and, therefore, all derivatives lineages. Using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to recapitulate murine embryonic development, we have studied the requirement for Notch signaling during the earliest B-cell lymphopoiesis and found that Rbpj-deficient mESCs are able to generate B1 cells. Their Notch independence was confirmed in ex vivo experiments using Rbpj-deficient embryos. In addition, we found that upregulation of Notch signaling induced the emergence of B2 lymphoid cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that control of Notch signaling dose is crucial for different B-cell lineage specification from endothelial cells and provides pivotal information for their in vitro generation from PSCs for therapeutic applications. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview. Summary: During development, the first B lymphocytes are produced in the absence of Notch signaling and, thus, independently from HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Azevedo Portilho
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca Scarfò
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Elisa Bertesago
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Ismail Ismailoglu
- Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Genetics and Development Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael Kyba
- Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michihiro Kobayashi
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrea Ditadi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sialic Acid Protects Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae from Natural IgM and Promotes Survival in Murine Respiratory Tract. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00676-20. [PMID: 33782153 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00676-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a common inhabitant of the human nasopharynx and upper airways, causes opportunistic respiratory tract infections that are frequently recurring and chronic. NTHi utilizes sialic acid from the host to evade antibacterial defenses and persist in mucosal tissues; however, the role of sialic acid scavenged by NTHi during infection is not fully understood. We previously showed that sialylation protects specific epitopes on NTHi lipooligosaccharide (LOS) targeted by bactericidal IgM in normal human serum. Here, we evaluated the importance of immune evasion mediated by LOS sialylation in the mouse respiratory tract using wild-type H. influenzae and an isogenic siaB mutant incapable of sialylating the LOS. Sialylation protected common NTHi glycan structures recognized by human and murine IgM and protected NTHi from complement-mediated killing directed by IgM against these structures. Protection from IgM binding by sialylated LOS correlated with decreased survival of the siaB mutant versus the wild type in the murine lung. Complement depletion with cobra venom factor increased survival of the siaB mutant in the nasopharynx but not in the lungs, suggesting differing roles of sialylation at these sites. Prior infection increased IgM against H. influenzae but not against sialic acid-protected epitopes, consistent with sialic acid-mediated immune evasion during infection. These results provide mechanistic insight into an NTHi evasive strategy against an immune defense conserved across host species, highlighting the potential of the mouse model for development of anti-infective strategies targeting LOS antigens of NTHi.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
B cell subsets differ in development, tissue distribution, and mechanisms of activation. In response to infections, however, all can differentiate into extrafollicular plasmablasts that rapidly provide highly protective antibodies, indicating that these plasmablasts are the main humoral immune response effectors. Yet, the effectiveness of this response type depends on the presence of antigen-specific precursors in the circulating mature B cell pool, a pool that is generated initially through the stochastic processes of B cell receptor assembly. Importantly, germinal centers then mold the repertoire of this B cell pool to be increasingly responsive to pathogens by generating a broad array of antimicrobial memory B cells that act as highly effective precursors of extrafollicular plasmablasts. Such B cell repertoire molding occurs in two ways: continuously via the chronic germinal centers of mucosal lymphoid tissues, driven by the presence of the microbiome, and via de novo generated germinal centers following acute infections. For effectively evaluating humoral immunity as a correlate of immune protection, it might be critical to measure memory B cell pools in addition to antibody titers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cossu D, Yokoyama K, Sakanishi T, Kuwahara-Arai K, Momotani E, Hattori N. A mucosal immune response induced by oral administration of heat-killed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exacerbates EAE. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 352:577477. [PMID: 33454553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Findings in humans and animals have demonstrated a potential role for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) antigenic components in encephalitogenic T cell activation. Here we reported that oral administration of MAP activates the mucosal immunity and exacerbates active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6J mice, modulating the immune cell traffic from secondary lymphoid organs to central nervous system. The detection of antigenic mycobacterial components by intestinal antigen-presenting cells may modulate the immune system and the subsequent inflammatory status through various signaling mechanisms, including the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in EAE pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan; Juntendo University, Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yokoyama
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan.
| | - Tamami Sakanishi
- Juntendo University, Division of Cell Biology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | | | - Eiichi Momotani
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-0856, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| |
Collapse
|