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Gunn JC, Christensen BM, Bueno EM, Cohen ZP, Kissonergis AS, Chen YH. Agricultural insect pests as models for studying stress-induced evolutionary processes. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:432-443. [PMID: 38655882 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural insect pests (AIPs) are widely successful in adapting to natural and anthropogenic stressors, repeatedly overcoming population bottlenecks and acquiring resistance to intensive management practices. Although they have been largely overlooked in evolutionary studies, AIPs are ideal systems for understanding rapid adaptation under novel environmental conditions. Researchers have identified several genomic mechanisms that likely contribute to adaptive stress responses, including positive selection on de novo mutations, polygenic selection on standing allelic variation and phenotypic plasticity (e.g., hormesis). However, new theory suggests that stress itself may induce epigenetic modifications, which may confer heritable physiological changes (i.e., stress-resistant phenotypes). In this perspective, we discuss how environmental stress from agricultural management generates the epigenetic and genetic modifications that are associated with rapid adaptation in AIPs. We summarise existing evidence for stress-induced evolutionary processes in the context of insecticide resistance. Ultimately, we propose that studying AIPs offers new opportunities and resources for advancing our knowledge of stress-induced evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe C Gunn
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Blair M Christensen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Erika M Bueno
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Zachary P Cohen
- Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research, USDA ARS, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | - Yolanda H Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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2
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Quan PQ, Guo PL, He J, Liu XD. Heat-stress memory enhances the acclimation of a migratory insect pest to global warming. Mol Ecol 2024:e17493. [PMID: 39132714 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
In the face of rising global temperatures, the mechanisms behind an organism's ability to acclimate to heat stress remain enigmatic. The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, traditionally viewed as temperature-sensitive, paradoxically exhibits robust larval acclimation to heat stress. This study used the heat-acclimated strain HA39, developed through multigenerational exposure to 39°C during the larval stage, and the unacclimated strain HA27 reared at 27°C to unravel the transgenerational effects of heat acclimation and its regulatory mechanisms. Heat acclimation for larvae incurred a fitness cost in pupae when exposed to high temperature, yet a significant transgenerational effect surfaced, revealing heightened fitness benefit in pupae from HA39, even without additional heat exposure during larval recovery at 27°C. This transgenerational effect exhibited a short-term memory, diminishing after two recovery generations. Moreover, the effect correlated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and expression levels of oxidoreductase genes, representing physiological and molecular foundations of heat acclimation. Heat-acclimated larvae displayed elevated DNA methylation levels, while pupae from HA39, in recovery generations, exhibited decreased methylation indicated by the upregulation of a demethylase gene and downregulation of two methyltransferase genes at high temperatures. In summary, heat acclimation induces DNA methylation, orchestrating heat-stress memory and influencing the expression levels of oxidoreductase genes and SOD activity. Heat-stress memory enhances the acclimation of the migratory insect pest to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Qi Quan
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pan-Long Guo
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Pool KR, Gajanayakage RH, Connolly C, Blache D. Ancestral lineages of dietary exposure to an endocrine disrupting chemical drive distinct forms of transgenerational subfertility in an insect model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18153. [PMID: 39103404 PMCID: PMC11300584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Across the globe, many species of insects are facing population decline. This is largely driven by anthropogenic changes to the environment, including the widespread exposure of invertebrates to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which impair fertility. To test whether generations of Drosophila melanogaster born from parents exposed to a common dietary EDC, equol, could recover reproductive function, we quantified the reproductive capacity of the two subsequent generations. Using a novel suite of flow cytometry assays to assess sperm functionality in real time, we find that sperm function is compromised across three generations, even after non-exposed in individuals contribute to the breeding population. Though the sex ratio alters in response to EDC exposure, favouring the survival of female offspring, most lineages with ancestral EDC exposure exhibit persistent subfertility in both the male and female. Male offspring with ancestral EDC exposure present with reduced fertility and dysfunctional spermatozoa, whereby spermatozoa are metabolically stressed, lack DNA integrity and present with permanent epigenetic alterations. Across generations, male and female offspring demonstrate distinct patterns of reproductive characteristics, depending upon the specific lineage of EDC exposure. Our results illustrate how dietary EDCs present in agricultural plants could promote transgenerational subfertility and contribute to declining insect populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Pool
- UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Raveena Hewa Gajanayakage
- UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Callum Connolly
- UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Dominique Blache
- UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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Castano-Sanz V, Gomez-Mestre I, Rodriguez-Exposito E, Garcia-Gonzalez F. Pesticide exposure triggers sex-specific inter- and transgenerational effects conditioned by past sexual selection. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20241037. [PMID: 39014998 PMCID: PMC11252676 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental variation often induces plastic responses in organisms that can trigger changes in subsequent generations through non-genetic inheritance mechanisms. Such transgenerational plasticity thus consists of environmentally induced non-random phenotypic modifications that are transmitted through generations. Transgenerational effects may vary according to the sex of the organism experiencing the environmental perturbation, the sex of their descendants or both, but whether they are affected by past sexual selection is unknown. Here, we use experimental evolution on an insect model system to conduct a first test of the involvement of sexual selection history in shaping transgenerational plasticity in the face of rapid environmental change (exposure to pesticide). We manipulated evolutionary history in terms of the intensity of sexual selection for over 80 generations before exposing individuals to the toxicant. We found that sexual selection history constrained adaptation under rapid environmental change. We also detected inter- and transgenerational effects of pesticide exposure in the form of increased fitness and longevity. These cross-generational influences of toxicants were sex dependent (they affected only male descendants), and intergenerational, but not transgenerational, plasticity was modulated by sexual selection history. Our results highlight the complexity of intra-, inter- and transgenerational influences of past selection and environmental stress on phenotypic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Castano-Sanz
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Gomez-Mestre
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Pavelka J, Poláková S, Pavelková V, Galeta P. An epigenetic change in a moth is generated by temperature and transmitted to many subsequent generations mediated by RNA. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292179. [PMID: 38451888 PMCID: PMC10919628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes in sexually reproducing animals may be transmitted usually only through a few generations. Here we discovered a case where epigenetic change lasts 40 generations. This epigenetic phenomenon occurs in the short antennae (sa) mutation of the flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella). We demonstrate that is probably determined by a small RNA (e.g., piRNA, miRNA, tsRNA) and transmitted in this way to subsequent generations through the male and female gametes. The observed epigenetic change cancels sa mutation and creates a wild phenotype (a moth that appears to have no mutation). It persists for many generations (40 recorded). This epigenetic transgenerational effect (suppression homozygous mutation for short antennae) in the flour moth is induced by changes during ontogenetic development, such as increased temperature on pupae development, food, different salts in food, or injection of RNA from the sperm of already affected individuals into the eggs. The epigenetic effect may occasionally disappear in some individuals and/or progeny of a pair in the generation chain in which the effect transfers. We consider that the survival of RNA over many generations has adaptive consequences. It is mainly a response to environmental change that is transmitted to offspring via RNA. In this study, we test an interesting epigenetic effect with an unexpected length after 40 generations and test what is its cause. Such transfer of RNA to subsequent generations may have a greater evolutionary significance than previously thought. Based on some analogies, we also discuss of the connection with the SIR2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Pavelka
- University of West Bohemia, Centre of Biology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Poláková
- Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Pavelková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Galeta
- Department of Anthropology, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Margus A, Tikka S, Karvanen J, Lindström L. Transgenerational sublethal pyrethroid exposure gives rise to insecticide resistance in a pest insect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168114. [PMID: 37907109 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of insecticide resistance has been attributed to strong directional selection by lethal concentrations of insecticides, but there is growing evidence that sublethal doses may also modify resistance through the hormetic effects. Hormesis is a beneficial effect caused by exposure to low doses. However, the role of parental (transgenerational) effects on hormesis, and through that on insecticide resistance, is still unclear. We investigated the effects of several sublethal pyrethroid insecticide (Decis) doses on survival, body mass, and reproduction within four generations (F0, F1, F2, and F3) of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). We found that insecticide exposure had mostly linear adverse within-generation effects: decreased larva-to-adult survival, adult body mass, and egg hatching. However, transgenerational exposure led to hormetic effects: increased larva-to-adult survival and pre-diapause adult body mass. Moreover, transgenerational effects were even more positive for offspring exposed to insecticides, leading to decreased larva-to-adult survival, increased body mass, and egg hatching. Our results show that despite mostly negative within-generation effects, transgenerational sublethal exposure to insecticide can cause unwanted positive hormetic effects in their offspring, making them to resist or tolerate the insecticides better, even though the underlying mechanisms are still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigi Margus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Santtu Tikka
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha Karvanen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Leena Lindström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Gao YF, Ren YJ, Chen JC, Cao LJ, Qiao GH, Zong SX, Hoffmann AA, Wei SJ, Yang Q. Effects of fungicides on fitness and Buchnera endosymbiont density in Aphis gossypii. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4282-4289. [PMID: 37345405 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several agricultural fungicides are known to affect insect pests directly and these effects may be transgenerational and mediated through impacts on endosymbionts, providing opportunities for pest control. The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii is a polyphagous pest that can cause large crop yield losses. Here, we tested the effects of three fungicides, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin and chlorothalonil, on the fitness and Buchnera endosymbiont of A. gossypii. RESULTS The formulations of trifloxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, and the active ingredient of pyraclostrobin produced dose-dependent mortality in A. gossypii, whereas there was no dose-dependent mortality for chlorothalonil. The formulations of trifloxystrobin and pyraclostrobin significantly reduced the lifespan and fecundity of A. gossypii, and increased the density of Buchnera in the parental generation but not the (unexposed) F1 . When the active ingredient of pyraclostrobin was tested, the lifespan of the F0 generation was also reduced, but the density of Buchnera was not, indicating that non-insecticidal chemicals in the fungicide formulation may affect the density of the endosymbiont of A. gossypii. There was no transgenerational effect of the active ingredient of pyraclostrobin on the lifespan and Buchnera of (unexposed) F1 . CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that formulations of two strobilurin fungicides have immediate impacts on the fitness of A. gossypii, and chemicals in the formulation impact the density of the primary Buchnera endosymbiont. Our study highlights the potential effects of non-insecticidal chemicals of fungicides on aphid pests and their primary endosymbionts but direct connections between fitness and Buchnera densities remain unclear. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fu Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pests Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jing Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Cui Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hang Qiao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Xiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pests Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Rainio MJ, Margus A, Tikka S, Helander M, Lindström L. The effects of short-term glyphosate-based herbicide exposure on insect gene expression profiles. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 146:104503. [PMID: 36935035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most frequently used herbicides worldwide. The use of GBHs is intended to tackle weeds, but GBHs have been shown to affect the life-history traits and antioxidant defense system of invertebrates found in agroecosystems. Thus far, the effects of GBHs on detoxification pathways among invertebrates have not been sufficiently investigated. We performed two different experiments-1) the direct pure glyphosate and GBH treatment, and 2) the indirect GBH experiment via food-to examine the possible effects of environmentally relevant GBH levels on the survival of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and the expression profiles of their detoxification genes. As candidate genes, we selected four cytochrome P450 (CYP), three glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and two acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes that are known to be related to metabolic or target-site resistances in insects. We showed that environmentally relevant levels of pure glyphosate and GBH increased the probability for higher mortality in the Colorado potato beetle larvae in the direct experiment, but not in the indirect experiment. The GBHs or glyphosate did not affect the expression profiles of the studied CYP, GST, or AChE genes; however, we found a large family-level variation in expression profiles in both the direct and indirect treatment experiments. These results suggest that the genes selected for this study may not be the ones expressed in response to glyphosate or GBHs. It is also possible that the relatively short exposure time did not affect gene expression profiles, or the response may have already occurred at a shorter exposure time. Our results show that glyphosate products may affect the survival of the herbivorous insect already at lower levels, depending on their sensitivity to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia J Rainio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Aigi Margus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Santtu Tikka
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Marjo Helander
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Leena Lindström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Gouin N, Notte AM, Kolok AS, Bertin A. Pesticide exposure affects DNA methylation patterns in natural populations of a mayfly. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161096. [PMID: 36572299 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollutants derived from agricultural activities represent a major threat to freshwater biota. Despite growing evidence involving epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, in response to pesticide contamination in agroecosystems, research on wild populations of non-model species remains scarce, particularly for endemic freshwater arthropods. Using the MethylRAD method, this study investigates whether exposure to pesticide contamination in natural populations of the endemic mayfly A. torrens produces genome wide changes in levels of DNA methylation. From a total of 1,377,147 MethylRAD markers produced from 285 specimens collected at 30 different study sites along the Limarí watershed of north-central Chile, six showed significant differential methylation between populations exposed and unexposed to pesticides. In all cases the effect of pesticides was positive, independent and stronger than the effects detected for other spatial and environmental factors. Only one candidate marker appeared correlated significantly with additional variables, nitrate and calcium levels, which also reflects the impact of agrichemicals and could additionally suggest, to a lower extent, antagonistic effects of mineral salts concentration for this specific marker. These results suggest that the effect of pesticide exposure on methylation levels is apparent at these six MethylRAD markers in A. torrens populations. Such data is challenging to obtain in natural populations and is, for the most part, lacking in ecotoxicological studies. Our study shows that DNA methylation processes are involved in the response to pesticide contamination in populations of the mayfly A. torrens in their natural habitat, and provides new evidence regarding the impact of pesticide contamination and agricultural activities on the endemic fauna of lotic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gouin
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile; Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile.
| | - Ana-Maria Notte
- Programa de doctorado en Biología y Ecología Aplicada, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
| | - Alan S Kolok
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3002, United States
| | - Angéline Bertin
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
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Manee MM, Alqahtani FH, Al-Shomrani BM, El-Shafie HAF, Dias GB. Omics in the Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A Bridge to the Pest. INSECTS 2023; 14:255. [PMID: 36975940 PMCID: PMC10054242 DOI: 10.3390/insects14030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most devastating pest of palm trees worldwide. Mitigation of the economic and biodiversity impact it causes is an international priority that could be greatly aided by a better understanding of its biology and genetics. Despite its relevance, the biology of the RPW remains poorly understood, and research on management strategies often focuses on outdated empirical methods that produce sub-optimal results. With the development of omics approaches in genetic research, new avenues for pest control are becoming increasingly feasible. For example, genetic engineering approaches become available once a species's target genes are well characterized in terms of their sequence, but also population variability, epistatic interactions, and more. In the last few years alone, there have been major advances in omics studies of the RPW. Multiple draft genomes are currently available, along with short and long-read transcriptomes, and metagenomes, which have facilitated the identification of genes of interest to the RPW scientific community. This review describes omics approaches previously applied to RPW research, highlights findings that could be impactful for pest management, and emphasizes future opportunities and challenges in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manee M. Manee
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad H. Alqahtani
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr M. Al-Shomrani
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Chen YH, Cohen ZP, Bueno EM, Christensen BM, Schoville SD. Rapid evolution of insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 55:101000. [PMID: 36521782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2022.101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable research, efforts to manage insecticide resistance continue to fail. The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), epitomizes this problem, as it has repeatedly and rapidly evolved resistance to>50 insecticides. The patterns of resistance evolution are intriguing, as they defy models where resistance evolves from rare mutations. Here, we synthesize recent research on insecticide resistance in CPB showing that polygenic resistance drawn from standing genetic diversity explains genomic patterns of insecticide resistance evolution. However, rapid gene regulatory evolution suggests that other mechanisms might also facilitate adaptive change. We explore the hypothesis that sublethal stress from insecticide exposure could alter heritable epigenetic modifications, and discuss the range of experimental approaches needed to fully understand insecticide resistance evolution in this super pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda H Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Zachary P Cohen
- USDA ARS, Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Erika M Bueno
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Blair M Christensen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sean D Schoville
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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12
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Bueno EM, McIlhenny CL, Chen YH. Cross-protection interactions in insect pests: Implications for pest management in a changing climate. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:9-20. [PMID: 36127854 PMCID: PMC10092685 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural insect pests display an exceptional ability to adapt quickly to natural and anthropogenic stressors. Emerging evidence suggests that frequent and varied sources of stress play an important role in driving protective physiological responses; therefore, intensively managed agroecosystems combined with climatic shifts might be an ideal crucible for stress adaptation. Cross-protection, where responses to one stressor offers protection against another type of stressor, has been well documented in many insect species, yet the molecular and epigenetic underpinnings that drive overlapping protective responses in insect pests remain unclear. In this perspective, we discuss cross-protection mechanisms and provide an argument for its potential role in increasing tolerance to a wide range of natural and anthropogenic stressors in agricultural insect pests. By drawing from existing literature on single and multiple stressor studies, we outline the processes that facilitate cross-protective interactions, including epigenetic modifications, which are understudied in insect stress responses. Finally, we discuss the implications of cross-protection for insect pest management, focusing on the consequences of cross-protection between insecticides and elevated temperatures associated with climate change. Given the multiple ways that insect pests are intensively managed in agroecosystems, we suggest that examining the role of multiple stressors can be important in understanding the wide adaptability of agricultural insect pests. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M. Bueno
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Casey L. McIlhenny
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Yolanda H. Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
- Gund Institute for EnvironmentUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
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13
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Lavarías SML, Arrighetti F, Landro SM, Colpo KD. Sensitivity of embryos and larvae of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium borellii to the latest generation pesticide spirotetramat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114257. [PMID: 36399991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the last generation insecticide spirotetramat (STM) on embryos and larvae of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium borellii. Both embryos and larvae were exposed to serial dilutions of STM to determine the LC50 values. After 96-h of exposure, live larvae were fixed for histological analysis. In addition, ovigerous females were exposed to a sublethal concentration of STM (1.7 mg/L) for 96 h to evaluate the activity of the enzymes catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase as well as the lipoperoxidation (LPO) and protein oxidation levels in embryos. The larvae showed a high sensitivity to STM evidenced by the LC50-96 h value (0.011 mg/L). On the contrary, the embryos were highly resistant to STM exposure, and no lethal effect was observed in the treatments with high concentrations of this insecticide (LC50-96 h > 150 mg/L). Among all the biochemical parameters evaluated in the embryos exposed to STM, only LPO showed a significant increase compared to controls. This was probably due to a restricted entry of the insecticide through the embryonic coat. Thus, a preliminary study of the structure and permeability of the embryonic coat was carried out in control embryos. The analysis by electron microscopy revealed that its structure is formed by four embryonic envelopes composed of multiple layers while the assay with a fluorescent probe revealed that the embryonic coat increases its permeability during development. STM caused significant histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas and gills of larvae. This study showed that although the embryos of M. borellii could be protected by the embryonic coat, the larvae are very vulnerable to the STM toxicity. So, it is necessary to continue evaluating the effects of these new pesticides on non-target organisms, such as aquacultured species, to help predict their ecotoxicological risks derived from the increasing agricultural activity developed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M L Lavarías
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - F Arrighetti
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - S M Landro
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - K D Colpo
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
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14
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Bagni T, Siaussat D, Maria A, Couzi P, Maïbèche M, Massot M. The impact of temperature on insecticide sensitivity depends on transgenerational effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158140. [PMID: 35987238 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of insecticides and temperature are increasingly being studied because species are expected to change their responses to insecticides with climate warming. As recently highlighted, the impact of temperature on insecticide sensitivity might be influenced by the environment experienced by the previous generation. However, a pioneering study that showed this transgenerational effect in the mosquito Culex pipiens needs to be confirmed because two other studies did not show similar results. Here, we performed an experiment on the moth Spodoptera littoralis to test this hypothesis. We analysed reaction norms among experimental families to test transgenerational effects, i.e., the variation in the response of families to the combined effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos and developmental temperature. Reaction norm analyses revealed that the responses of the families to chlorpyrifos and temperature differed for developmental time and larval survival, two key parameters in S. littoralis. Crucially, for larval survival, a family effect influenced the impact of temperature on chlorpyrifos sensitivity. This finding confirms the pioneering study on C. pipiens that showed transgenerational effects on the combined effects of insecticides and temperature. This result also highlights that transgenerational plasticity can be important to consider in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Bagni
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Siaussat
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Annick Maria
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Couzi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Martine Maïbèche
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Manuel Massot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France.
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15
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Chirgwin E, Yang Q, Umina PA, Gill A, Soleimannejad S, Gu X, Ross P, Hoffmann AA. Fungicides have transgenerational effects on Rhopalosiphum padi but not their endosymbionts. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4709-4718. [PMID: 35866313 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While several agricultural fungicides are known to directly affect invertebrate pests, including aphids, the mechanisms involved are often unknown. One hypothesis is that fungicides with antibacterial activity suppress bacterial endosymbionts present in aphids which are important for aphid survival. Endosymbiont-related effects are expected to be transgenerational, given that these bacteria are maternally inherited. Here, we test for these associations using three fungicides (chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin) against the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, using a microinjected strain that carried both the primary endosymbiont Buchnera and the secondary endosymbiont Rickettsiella. RESULTS We show that the fungicide chlorothalonil did not cause an immediate effect on aphid survival, whereas both strobilurin fungicides (pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin) decreased survival after 48 h exposure. However, chlorothalonil substantially reduced the lifespan and fecundity of the F1 generation. Trifloxystrobin also reduced the lifespan and fecundity of F1 offspring, however, pyraclostrobin did not affect these traits. None of the fungicides consistently altered the density of Buchnera or Rickettsiella in whole aphids. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest fungicides have sublethal impacts on R. padi that are not fully realized until the generation after exposure, and these sublethal impacts are not associated with the density of endosymbionts harbored by R. padi. However, we cannot rule out other effects of fungicides on endosymbionts that might influence fitness, like changes in their tissue distribution. We discuss these results within the context of fungicidal effects on aphid suppression across generations and point to potential field applications. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiong Yang
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul A Umina
- Cesar Australia, Victoria, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Gill
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Xinyue Gu
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Perran Ross
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Veronica CS, Ivan GM, Francisco GG. Evolutionary consequences of pesticide exposure include transgenerational plasticity and potential terminal investment transgenerational effects. Evolution 2022; 76:2649-2668. [PMID: 36117275 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transgenerational plasticity, the influence of the environment experienced by parents on the phenotype and fitness of subsequent generations, is being increasingly recognized. Human-altered environments, such as those resulting from the increasing use of pesticides, may be major drivers of such cross-generational influences, which in turn may have profound evolutionary and ecological repercussions. Most of these consequences are, however, unknown. Whether transgenerational plasticity elicited by pesticide exposure is common, and the consequences of its potential carryover effects on fitness and population dynamics, remains to be determined. Here, we investigate whether exposure of parents to a common pesticide elicits intra-, inter-, and transgenerational responses (in F0, F1, and F2 generations) in life history (fecundity, longevity, and lifetime reproductive success), in an insect model system, the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. We also assessed sex specificity of the effects. We found sex-specific and hormetic intergenerational and transgenerational effects on longevity and lifetime reproductive success, manifested both in the form of maternal and paternal effects. In addition, the transgenerational effects via mothers detected in this study are consistent with a new concept: terminal investment transgenerational effects. Such effects could underlie cross-generational responses to environmental perturbation. Our results indicate that pesticide exposure leads to unanticipated effects on population dynamics and have far-reaching ecological and evolutionary implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Castano-Sanz Veronica
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, Seville, 41092, Spain
| | - Gomez-Mestre Ivan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, Seville, 41092, Spain
| | - Garcia-Gonzalez Francisco
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, Seville, 41092, Spain.,Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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17
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Li JY, Chen YT, Wang QY, Zheng LZ, Fu JW, Shi MZ. Sublethal and Transgenerational Toxicities of Chlorfenapyr on Biological Traits and Enzyme Activities of Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:874. [PMID: 36292822 PMCID: PMC9603968 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an economically important, invasive insect that is now distributed worldwide. Chlorfenapyr has been demonstrated to have a significant control effect on P. marginatus. In order to evaluate the sublethal and transgenerational effects of chlorfenapyr on P. marginatus, the life table data of three consecutive generations were collected and analyzed by the age stage, two-sex life table method, and the enzyme activities were assayed using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that exposure to the insecticide had significant effects on the biological traits of subsequent generations of P. marginatus, and a higher intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and a shorter mean generation time (T) were observed in the chlorfenapyr-treated F1 mealybugs. Enzyme activity assays showed that chlorfenapyr significantly inhibited the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) while activating the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which suggested that SOD, CAT, and POD may play an important role in the self-defense of P. marginatus against chlorfenapyr. These results conclusively demonstrated that exposure of P. marginatus to sublethal concentrations of chlorfenapyr induced hormetic effects on the F1 generation while having negative effects on the F0 and F3 generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Li-Zhen Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Jian-Wei Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China
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18
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Morgan J, Salcedo-Sora JE, Wagner I, Beynon RJ, Triana-Chavez O, Strode C. Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (REIMS): a Potential and Rapid Tool for the Identification of Insecticide Resistance in Mosquito Larvae. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:5. [PMID: 36082679 PMCID: PMC9459442 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is a significant challenge facing the successful control of mosquito vectors globally. Bioassays are currently the only method for phenotyping resistance. They require large numbers of mosquitoes for testing, the availability of a susceptible comparator strain, and often insectary facilities. This study aimed to trial the novel use of rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) for the identification of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. No sample preparation is required for REIMS and analysis can be rapidly conducted within hours. Temephos resistant Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) larvae from Cúcuta, Colombia and temephos susceptible larvae from two origins (Bello, Colombia, and the lab reference strain New Orleans) were analyzed using REIMS. We tested the ability of REIMS to differentiate three relevant variants: population source, lab versus field origin, and response to insecticide. The classification of these data was undertaken using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and random forest. Classification models built using REIMS data were able to differentiate between Ae. aegypti larvae from different populations with 82% (±0.01) accuracy, between mosquitoes of field and lab origin with 89% (±0.01) accuracy and between susceptible and resistant larvae with 85% (±0.01) accuracy. LDA classifiers had higher efficiency than random forest with this data set. The high accuracy observed here identifies REIMS as a potential new tool for rapid identification of resistance in mosquitoes. We argue that REIMS and similar modern phenotyping alternatives should complement existing insecticide resistance management tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Morgan
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, UK
| | | | - Iris Wagner
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Robert J Beynon
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Omar Triana-Chavez
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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19
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Thomas KN, Zimmel KN, Basel A, Roach AN, Mehta NA, Thomas KR, Dotson LJ, Bedi YS, Golding MC. Paternal alcohol exposures program intergenerational hormetic effects on offspring fetoplacental growth. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:930375. [PMID: 36036017 PMCID: PMC9405020 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.930375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormesis refers to graded adaptive responses to harmful environmental stimuli where low-level toxicant exposures stimulate tissue growth and responsiveness while, in contrast, higher-level exposures induce toxicity. Although the intergenerational inheritance of programmed hormetic growth responses is described in plants and insects, researchers have yet to observe this phenomenon in mammals. Using a physiologically relevant mouse model, we demonstrate that chronic preconception paternal alcohol exposures program nonlinear, dose-dependent changes in offspring fetoplacental growth. Our studies identify an inverse j-shaped curve with a threshold of 2.4 g/Kg per day; below this threshold, paternal ethanol exposures induce programmed increases in placental growth, while doses exceeding this point yield comparative decreases in placental growth. In male offspring, higher paternal exposures induce dose-dependent increases in the placental labyrinth layer but do not impact fetal growth. In contrast, the placental hypertrophy induced by low-level paternal ethanol exposures associate with increased offspring crown-rump length, particularly in male offspring. Finally, alterations in placental physiology correlate with disruptions in both mitochondrial-encoded and imprinted gene expression. Understanding the influence of ethanol on the paternally-inherited epigenetic program and downstream hormetic responses in offspring growth may help explain the enormous variation observed in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) phenotypes and incidence.
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20
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Deans C, Hutchison WD. Hormetic and transgenerational effects in spotted-wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in response to three commonly-used insecticides. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271417. [PMID: 35862486 PMCID: PMC9302851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although insecticide formulations and spray rates are optimized to achieve lethal exposure, there are many factors in agricultural settings that can reduce the effective exposure of insect pests. These include weather patterns, timing of application, chemical degradation/volatilization, plant structural complexity, and resistant populations. While sub-lethal exposure to insecticides can still have negative impacts on pest populations, they can also lead to stimulatory, or hormetic, responses that can increase the fitness of surviving insects. Sub-lethal concentrations may also produce increased tolerance in the offspring of surviving adults through transgenerational effects. Sub-lethal effects are pertinent for the invasive fruit pest, spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), because its small size, diurnal movement patterns, and utilization of hosts with complex plant structures, such as caneberries and blueberries, make effective insecticide applications tenuous. In this study, we measured spotted-wing Drosophila survivorship, reproductive performance, and offspring tolerance in flies exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of three commonly-used insecticides (zeta-cypermethrin, spinetoram, and pyrethrin). We found some evidence for hormesis, with survival effects being sex- and concentration-dependent for all insecticides. Males were far more susceptible to insecticides than females, which in some cases exhibited higher eclosion success and reproductive rates when exposed to sub-lethal doses. We did not observe significant transgenerational effects at sub-lethal concentrations, despite trends of increased offspring viability for zeta-cypermethrin and spinetoram. More research, however, is needed to fully understand the role that sub-lethal effects may play in pest population dynamics, insecticide efficacy, and the development of genetic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Deans
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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21
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Bras A, Roy A, Heckel DG, Anderson P, Karlsson Green K. Pesticide resistance in arthropods: Ecology matters too. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1746-1759. [PMID: 35726578 PMCID: PMC9542861 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide resistance development is an example of rapid contemporary evolution that poses immense challenges for agriculture. It typically evolves due to the strong directional selection that pesticide treatments exert on herbivorous arthropods. However, recent research suggests that some species are more prone to evolve pesticide resistance than others due to their evolutionary history and standing genetic variation. Generalist species might develop pesticide resistance especially rapidly due to pre‐adaptation to handle a wide array of plant allelochemicals. Moreover, research has shown that adaptation to novel host plants could lead to increased pesticide resistance. Exploring such cross‐resistance between host plant range evolution and pesticide resistance development from an ecological perspective is needed to understand its causes and consequences better. Much research has, however, been devoted to the molecular mechanisms underlying pesticide resistance while both the ecological contexts that could facilitate resistance evolution and the ecological consequences of cross‐resistance have been under‐studied. Here, we take an eco‐evolutionary approach and discuss circumstances that may facilitate cross‐resistance in arthropods and the consequences cross‐resistance may have for plant–arthropod interactions in both target and non‐target species and species interactions. Furthermore, we suggest future research avenues and practical implications of an increased ecological understanding of pesticide resistance evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bras
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.,Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K and EVA.4.0 Unit, Czech University of Life Sciences, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K and EVA.4.0 Unit, Czech University of Life Sciences, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - David G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Anderson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Kristina Karlsson Green
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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22
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Cutler GC, Amichot M, Benelli G, Guedes RNC, Qu Y, Rix RR, Ullah F, Desneux N. Hormesis and insects: Effects and interactions in agroecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153899. [PMID: 35181361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Insects in agroecosystems contend with many stressors - e.g., chemicals, heat, nutrient deprivation - that are often encountered at low levels. Exposure to mild stress is now well known to induce hormetic (stimulatory) effects in insects, with implications for insect management, and ecological structure and function in agroecosystems. In this review, we examine the major ecological niches insects occupy or guilds to which they belong in agroecosystems and how hormesis can manifest within and across these groups. The mechanistic underpinnings of hormesis in insects are starting to become established, explaining the many phenotypic hormetic responses observed in insect reproduction, development, and behavior. Whereas potential effects on insect populations are well supported in laboratory experiments, field-based hypothesis-driven research on hormesis is greatly lacking. Furthermore, because most ecological paradigms are founded within the context of communities, entomological agroecologists interested in hormesis need to 'level up' and test hypotheses that explore effects on species interactions, and community structure and functioning. Embedded in this charge is to continue experimentation on herbivorous pest species while shifting more focus towards insect natural enemies, pollinators, and detritivores - guilds that play crucial roles in highly functioning agroecosystems that have been understudied in hormesis research. Important areas for future insect agroecology research on hormesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Christopher Cutler
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Marcel Amichot
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Raul Narciso C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Yanyan Qu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Rachel R Rix
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France.
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23
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Distribution of invasive versus native whitefly species and their pyrethroid knock-down resistance allele in a context of interspecific hybridization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8448. [PMID: 35589927 PMCID: PMC9120063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion success of a species in an agrosystem is greatly influenced by environmental factors such as the use of insecticides, by the intrinsic evolutionary capabilities of the species, and also by interactions with resident species. On the island of La Réunion, the successive invasions of MEAM1 and MED whitefly species over the last 20 years have not only led an increased use of insecticides, but have also challenged the resident IO species. To trace the evolution of the 3 species, and the distribution of the kdr mutation (resistance to pyrethroid) in the para-type voltage-gated sodium channel, we genotyped 41 populations (using neutral nuclear markers) and look at the prevalence of the kdr allele. MEAM1 was predominantly present in agrosystems showing quasi fixation of the resistant kdr allele whereas IO was mainly in natural environments and did not have any resistant allele. Hybridization between the two former species was detected in low frequency but has not led to introgression of resistant alleles in the resident species so far. MED showed a limited distribution in agrosystems but all individuals displayed a resistant allele. These highly contrasting patterns of distribution and resistant mutations between invasive and resident whitefly species are further discussed.
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24
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Maggio SA, Jenkins JJ. Multi- and Trans-Generational Effects on Daphnia Magna of Chlorpyrifos Exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1054-1065. [PMID: 34964987 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, a broad-spectrum neurotoxic organophosphate insecticide, is subject to atmospheric and hydrolytic transport from application sites to aquatic ecosystems. Across the landscape, concentrations in surface water can vary spatially and temporally according to seasonal use practices. Standardized bioassays can provide a screening-level understanding of aquatic receptor acute and chronic toxicity. However, these bioassays do not address ecologically relevant exposure patterns that may impact fitness and survival within and across generations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of a second-tier, screening-level methodology employing Daphnia magna multi- and transgenerational bioassays spanning four generations to investigate the effect of variable chronic chlorpyrifos exposure. The multigenerational assay consisted of continuous chlorpyrifos exposure across four consecutive 21-day bioassays using progeny from the previous assay for each successive generation. In the transgenerational assay, only the parent (F0) generation was exposed. For both assays, survival and reproduction were assessed across treatments and generations. Results indicated that (1) following continuous chlorpyrifos exposure at ecologically relevant concentrations to four generations of D. magna, the highest treatment showed an apparent tolerance response for both survival and reproductive success in the F3 generation, and (2) chlorpyrifos exposure to the F0 generation did not result in treatment effects in the unexposed F1, F2, and F3 generations in the apical endpoints of survival and reproduction. Employing a suite of acute and chronic bioassays, including chronic exposures spanning multiple generations, allows for a more robust screening-level evaluation of the potential impact of chlorpyrifos on aquatic receptors for variable periods of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1054-1065. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Maggio
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Jenkins
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Neuparth T, Alves N, Machado AM, Pinheiro M, Montes R, Rodil R, Barros S, Ruivo R, Castro LFC, Quintana JB, Santos MM. Neuroendocrine pathways at risk? Simvastatin induces inter and transgenerational disruption in the keystone amphipod Gammarus locusta. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 244:106095. [PMID: 35121565 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The primary focus of environmental toxicological studies is to address the direct effects of chemicals on exposed organisms (parental generation - F0), mostly overlooking effects on subsequent non-exposed generations (F1 and F2 - intergenerational and F3 transgenerational, respectively). Here, we addressed the effects of simvastatin (SIM), one of the most widely prescribed human pharmaceuticals for the primary treatment of hypercholesterolemia, using the keystone crustacean Gammarus locusta. We demonstrate that SIM, at environmentally relevant concentrations, has significant inter and transgenerational (F1 and F3) effects in key signaling pathways involved in crustaceans' neuroendocrine regulation (Ecdysteroids, Catecholamines, NO/cGMP/PKG, GABAergic and Cholinergic signaling pathways), concomitantly with changes in apical endpoints, such as depressed reproduction and growth. These findings are an essential step to improve hazard and risk assessment of biological active compounds, such as SIM, and highlight the importance of studying the transgenerational effects of environmental chemicals in animals' neuroendocrine regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Neuparth
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - N Alves
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M Machado
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pinheiro
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Montes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, IAQBUS - Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Rodil
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, IAQBUS - Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Barros
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Quinta de Prados - Ed. Blocos Laboratoriais C1.10, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - R Ruivo
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - L Filipe C Castro
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J B Quintana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, IAQBUS - Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R. Constantino Candeira S/N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M M Santos
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Paredes-Céspedes DM, Bernal-Hernández YY, Herrera-Moreno JF, Rojas-García AE, Medina-Díaz IM, González-Arias CA, Barrón-Vivanco BS. Methylation patterns of the CDKN2B and CDKN2A genes in an indigenous population exposed to pesticides. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211063161. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271211063161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The INK4 -ARF locus includes the CDKN2B and CDKN2A genes and is functionally relevant in the regulation of both cell proliferation and senescence. Studies have reported modifications of DNA methylation in this locus by exposure to environmental contaminants including pesticides; however, until now, specific methylation profiles have not been reported in genetically conserved populations exposed to occupational pesticides. The aim of this study was to determine the methylation profiles of the CDKN2B and CDKN2A genes in a genetically conserved population exposed to pesticides. A cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out in 190 Huichol indigenous persons. Information related to pesticide exposure, diet and other variables were obtained through the use of a structured questionnaire. Blood and urine samples were collected for methylation test and dialkylphosphates (DAP) determination, respectively. DNA methylation was measured by the pyrosequencing of bisulfite-treated DNA and DAP concentrations by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The most frequent metabolite in the population was dimethylthiophosphate. The farmer group presented a higher methylation percentage of CDKN2B than the non-farmer group, but no differences in CDKN2A were observed between groups. A positive correlation between methylation of CpG site 3 of CDKN2B and time working in the field was observed in the farmer group. An association between methylation percentage of CDKN2B and age was also observed in the non-farmer group. These results suggest that pesticide exposure and exposure time in Huichol indigenous individuals could modify the methylation pattern of the CDKN2B gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Paredes-Céspedes
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Xalisco, Nayarit, México
| | - Yael Yvette Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Xalisco, Nayarit, México
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Cyndia A González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Briscia Socorro Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
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Meng S, Delnat V, Stoks R. Multigenerational effects modify the tolerance of mosquito larvae to chlorpyrifos but not to a heat spike and do not change their synergism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118333. [PMID: 34637829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While interactions with global warming and multigenerational effects are considered crucial to improve risk assessment of pesticides, these have rarely been studied in an integrated way. While heat extremes can magnify pesticide toxicity, no studies tested how their combined effects may transmit to the next generation. We exposed mosquito larvae in a full factorial, two-generation experiment to a heat spike followed by chlorpyrifos exposure. As expected, the heat spike magnified the chlorpyrifos-induced lethal and sublethal effects within both generations. Only when preceded by the heat spike, chlorpyrifos increased mortality and reduced the population growth rate. Moreover, chlorpyrifos-induced reductions in heat tolerance (CTmax), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and development time were further magnified by the heat spike. Notably, when parents were exposed to chlorpyrifos, the chlorpyrifos-induced lethal and sublethal effects in the offspring were smaller, indicating increased tolerance to chlorpyrifos. In contrast, there was no such multigenerational effect for the heat spike. Despite the adaptive multigenerational effect to the pesticide, the synergism with the heat spike was still present in the offspring generation. Generally, our results provide important evidence that short exposure to pulse-like global change stressors can strongly affect organisms within and across generations, and highlight the importance of considering multigenerational effects in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandong Meng
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Vienna Delnat
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Lavarías SML, Colpo KD, Landro SM, Ambrosio ES, Rodrigues Capítulo A, Arrighetti F. Deleterious effects of two pesticide formulations with different toxicological mechanisms in the hepatopancreas of a freshwater prawn. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131920. [PMID: 34426275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of the pyrethroid cypermethrin (CYP) and the last generation pesticide spirotetramat (STM) on the prawn Macrobrachium borellii. Initially, the 96-h LC50 was determined in adult prawns. Then, prawns were exposed to sublethal concentrations of pesticides (5% and 20% of the 96-h LC50 values) for four days and hepatopancreas were dissected for biomarkers analyses. Total protein and uric acid content, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein oxidation (PO) were evaluated. Additionally, the presence of histopathological changes, lipofuscins, and neutral lipids accumulation were analyzed. The 96-h LC50 values were 0.12 μg/L and 8.2 mg/L for CYP and STM, respectively. The total proteins and uric acid content were not significantly affected by the treatments (p > 0.05). STM significantly affected the GST activity only at the highest concentration (p < 0.001). However, LPO and OP levels were affected by the lowest concentrations of both pesticides (p < 0.003). CYP and STM caused dose-dependent histological damage as was indicated by the histopathological index. The accumulation of lipofuscins showed a dose-dependent response, while the neutral lipids were significantly accumulated in the prawns exposed to the lowest concentration of both pesticides (p < 0.001). The integrated biomarker index (IBRv2) results indicated that the histological parameters represented the most sensitive biomarkers in M. borellii exposed to CYP and STM. Besides, the pyrethroid showed the highest response at concentration ranges that could be present in its natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M L Lavarías
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - K D Colpo
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - S M Landro
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" CONICET, CABA, Argentina
| | - E S Ambrosio
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - A Rodrigues Capítulo
- Instituto de Limnología de La Plata"Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - F Arrighetti
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" CONICET, CABA, Argentina
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Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in Procambarus clarkii Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110271. [PMID: 34822662 PMCID: PMC8618669 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epigenome is susceptible to modulation by environmental pressures—namely, through alterations in global DNA methylation, impacting the organism condition and, ultimately, reverberating on the phenotype of the subsequent generations. Hence, an intergenerational study was conducted, aiming to clarify the influence of genotoxicants on global DNA methylation of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Two subsequent generations were exposed to the herbicide penoxsulam (Px; 23 µg·L−1) and to the genotoxicant model ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 5 mg·L−1). Px did not induce changes in DNA methylation of adult crayfish (F0). However, the hypomethylation occurring in unexposed F1 juveniles demonstrated that the history of exposure per se can modulate epigenome. In F1 descendants of the Px-exposed group, methylome (hypermethylated) was more affected in males than in females. EMS-induced hypomethylation in adult females (F0), also showed gender specificity. In addition, hypomethylation was also observed in the unexposed F1 crayfish, indicating an intergenerational epigenetic effect. The modulatory role of past exposure to penoxsulam or to EMS also showed a dependency on the crayfish developmental stage. Overall, this research revealed that indirect experiences (events occurring in a predecessor generation) can have an impact even greater than direct experiences (present events) on the epigenetic dynamics.
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Olivares-Castro G, Cáceres-Jensen L, Guerrero-Bosagna C, Villagra C. Insect Epigenetic Mechanisms Facing Anthropogenic-Derived Contamination, an Overview. INSECTS 2021; 12:780. [PMID: 34564220 PMCID: PMC8468710 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the human species has been recognized as the primary species responsible for Earth's biodiversity decline. Contamination by different chemical compounds, such as pesticides, is among the main causes of population decreases and species extinction. Insects are key for ecosystem maintenance; unfortunately, their populations are being drastically affected by human-derived disturbances. Pesticides, applied in agricultural and urban environments, are capable of polluting soil and water sources, reaching non-target organisms (native and introduced). Pesticides alter insect's development, physiology, and inheritance. Recently, a link between pesticide effects on insects and their epigenetic molecular mechanisms (EMMs) has been demonstrated. EMMs are capable of regulating gene expression without modifying genetic sequences, resulting in the expression of different stress responses as well as compensatory mechanisms. In this work, we review the main anthropogenic contaminants capable of affecting insect biology and of triggering EMMs. EMMs are involved in the development of several diseases in native insects affected by pesticides (e.g., anomalous teratogenic reactions). Additionally, EMMs also may allow for the survival of some species (mainly pests) under contamination-derived habitats; this may lead to biodiversity decline and further biotic homogenization. We illustrate these patterns by reviewing the effect of neonicotinoid insecticides, insect EMMs, and their ecological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Olivares-Castro
- Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Avenida José Pedro Alessandri 774, Santiago 7760197, Chile;
| | - Lizethly Cáceres-Jensen
- Laboratorio de Físicoquímica Analítica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago 7760197, Chile;
| | - Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
- Environmental Toxicology Program, Department of Integrative Biology, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cristian Villagra
- Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Avenida José Pedro Alessandri 774, Santiago 7760197, Chile;
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Krzyżowski M, Baran B, Francikowski J. Intergenerational Transmission of Resistance of Callosobruchus maculatus to Essential Oil Treatment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154541. [PMID: 34361693 PMCID: PMC8348232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the rise of numerous legal restrictions as well as the increasing emergence of resistant populations, the number of available pesticides is decreasing significantly. One of the potential alternatives often described in the literature are essential oils (EOs). However, there is a lack of research addressing the potential emergence of resistance to this group of substances. In this paper, we investigated the multi-generational effects of sublethal concentrations of rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis) on physiological and biochemical parameters of the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) such as egg laying, hatchability, oxygen consumption and acetylcholinesterase activity. Imago, which as larvae were exposed to EO at concentrations equivalent to LC25, showed significantly lower mortality. The results obtained indicate the potential development of resistance in insects exposed to EO in concentrations corresponding to LC25. In addition, in the case of the group treated with an EO concentration corresponding to LC3.12, a stimulation effect of the above-mentioned parameters was observed, which may indicate the occurrence of a hormesis effect. The obtained results may be an important reference for the development of future guidelines and EO-based insecticides.
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Agroecological Strategies to Safeguard Insect Pollinators in Biodiversity Hotspots: Chile as a Case Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Industrial agriculture (IA) has been recognized among the main drivers of biodiversity loss, climate change, and native pollinator decline. Here we summarize the known negative effects of IA on pollinator biodiversity and illustrate these problems by considering the case of Chile, a “world biodiversity hotspot” (WBH) where food exports account for a considerable share of the economy in this country. Most of Chile’s WBH area is currently being replaced by IA at a fast pace, threatening local biodiversity. We present an agroecological strategy for sustainable food production and pollinator conservation in food-producing WBHs. In this we recognize native pollinators as internal inputs that cannot be replaced by IA technological packages and support the development of agroecological and biodiversity restorative practices to protect biodiversity. We suggest four fundamental pillars for food production change based on: (1) sharing the land, restoring and protecting; (2) ecological intensification; (3) localized knowledge, research, and technological development; and (4) territorial planning and implementation of socio-agroecological policies. This approach does not need modification of native pollination services that sustain the world with food and basic subsistence goods, but a paradigm change where the interdependency of nature and human wellbeing must be recognized for ensuring the world’s food security and sovereignty.
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Brevik K, Bueno EM, McKay S, Schoville SD, Chen YH. Insecticide exposure affects intergenerational patterns of DNA methylation in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Evol Appl 2021; 14:746-757. [PMID: 33767749 PMCID: PMC7980262 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insecticide use is pervasive as a selective force in modern agroecosystems. Insect herbivores exposed to these insecticides have been able to rapidly evolve resistance to them, but how they are able to do so is poorly understood. One possible but largely unexplored explanation is that exposure to sublethal doses of insecticides may alter epigenetic patterns that are heritable. For instance, epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation that modifies gene expression without changing the underlying genetic code, may facilitate the emergence of resistant phenotypes in complex ways. We assessed the effects of sublethal insecticide exposure, with the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, on DNA methylation in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, examining both global changes in DNA methylation and specific changes found within genes and transposable elements. We found that exposure to insecticide led to decreases in global DNA methylation for parent and F2 generations and that many of the sites of changes in methylation are found within genes associated with insecticide resistance, such as cytochrome P450s, or within transposable elements. Exposure to sublethal doses of insecticide caused heritable changes in DNA methylation in an agricultural insect herbivore. Therefore, epigenetics may play a role in insecticide resistance, highlighting a fundamental mechanism of evolution while informing how we might better coexist with insect species in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Brevik
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Erika M. Bueno
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Stephanie McKay
- Department of Animal and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | | | - Yolanda H. Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
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Shi P, Guo SK, Gao YF, Cao LJ, Gong YJ, Chen JC, Yue L, Li H, Hoffmann AA, Wei SJ. Variable resistance to spinetoram in populations of Thrips palmi across a small area unconnected to genetic similarity. Evol Appl 2020; 13:2234-2245. [PMID: 33005221 PMCID: PMC7513702 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The melon thrips, Thrips palmi, is an increasingly important pest of vegetables in northern China. Some populations have developed resistance in the field to the insecticide spinetoram. Understanding the origin and dispersal of insecticide-resistant populations can shed light on resistance management strategies. In this study, we tested susceptibility of seven greenhouse populations of T. palmi to spinetoram collected from a small area of about 300 km2 in Shandong Province and examined population genetic structure across the area based on a segment of mitochondrial cox1 gene and 22 microsatellite loci to infer the possible origin and dispersal of insecticide resistance. Levels of resistance to spinetoram differed among seven populations, which included one population with high resistance (LC50 = 759.34 mg/L), three populations with medium resistance (LC50 ranged from 28.69 to 34.79 mg/L), and three populations with low resistance (LC50 ranged from 7.61 to 8.97 mg/L). The populations were genetically differentiated into two groups unrelated to both levels of resistance and geographic distance. The molecular data indicated high levels of gene flow between populations with different levels of resistance to spinetoram and low gene flow among populations with the same level of resistance, pointing to a likely separate history of resistance evolution. Resistance levels of two tested populations to spinetoram decreased 23 and 4.6 times after five generations without any exposure to the pesticide. We therefore suspect that resistance of T. palmi most likely evolved in response to local applications of the insecticide. Our study suggests that the development of resistance could be avoided or resistance even reversed by reducing usage of spinetoram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shi
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Shao-Kun Guo
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yong-Fu Gao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Li-Jun Cao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ya-Jun Gong
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jin-Cui Chen
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lei Yue
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Ary Anthony Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences Bio21 Institute The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
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Rabelo MM, Matos JML, Orozco-Restrepo SM, Paula-Moraes SV, Pereira EJG. Like Parents, Like Offspring? Susceptibility to Bt Toxins, Development on Dual-Gene Bt Cotton, and Parental Effect of Cry1Ac on a Nontarget Lepidopteran Pest. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:1234-1242. [PMID: 32221528 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An important step to devise appropriate pest management strategies for armyworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) crops is to determine the lethal, sublethal, and parental effects of Bt toxins on target and nontarget pest species. Here we documented the susceptibility of black armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker), to three Cry toxins and its life-history traits feeding on dual-toxin Bt cotton and an artificial diet containing sublethal concentrations of Cry1Ac. In concentration-response bioassays, black armyworm larvae showed low susceptibility to Cry toxins, with 853 ng/cm2 as the lowest value estimated for the median lethal concentration (LC50). The decreasing rank of toxicity was Cry1F, Cry2Aa, and Cry1Ac. Foliage of dual-toxin Bt cotton varieties (Cry1Ac + Cry1F and Cry1Ab + Cry2Ae) caused higher larval mortality than Cry1Ac-expressing cotton. Black armyworms showed reduced larval weight when growing on the Cry1Ac-treated diet, yet they reached adulthood and produced offspring. Interestingly, these larvae were grown on the control diet and showed reduced weight gain associated with the toxin exposure of the previous generation, indicating a parental effect of the exposure to Cy1Ac. The reduced larval weight was recovered in later instars, and there was no significant change in the population fitness of the parental armyworms or their offspring. To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting the parental effects of Bt toxins in insects. These results advance our understanding of potential responses of nontarget species when exposed to Bt toxins and contribute to design pest management programs for armyworms and other nontarget lepidopteran species exposed to Bt crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo M Rabelo
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- West Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Jay, FL
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - João Marcus L Matos
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvana M Orozco-Restrepo
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvana V Paula-Moraes
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- West Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Jay, FL
| | - Eliseu José G Pereira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Valmorbida I, Muraro DS, Hodgson EW, O'Neal ME. Soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) response to lambda-cyhalothrin varies with its virulence status to aphid-resistant soybean. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1464-1471. [PMID: 31659872 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, is an invasive insect in North America, considered one of the most important pests of soybean. Their management relies heavily on foliar insecticides, but there is growing effort to expand these tools to include aphid-resistant varieties. We explored if the LC50 and LC25 of lambda-cyhalothrin varied between virulent (resistant to Aphis glycines (Rag) soybeans) and avirulent (susceptible to Rag-genes soybeans) populations of soybean aphid with a leaf-dip bioassay. We also investigated the response to the LC25 of lambda-cyhalothrin on adults (F0) and their progeny (F1) for both avirulent and virulent soybean aphid. RESULTS The LC50 of the virulent aphid population was significantly higher compared with the LC50 of the avirulent population. The LC25 significantly reduced fecundity of the F0 generation of avirulent soybean aphid, but no significant effect was observed for virulent aphids. In addition, the LC25 significantly shortened the adult pre-oviposition period (APOP) and lengthened the total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) of avirulent aphids, while the mean generation time (T) was significantly increased. For the virulent aphid, sublethal exposure significantly lengthened development time of first and third instars, TPOP, and adult longevity. In addition, all demographic parameters of virulent soybean aphid were significantly affected when they were exposed to the LC25 of lambda-cyhalothrin. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate lambda-cyhalothrin is less toxic to virulent aphids and exposure to the LC25 can trigger hormesis, which may have implications for the long-term management of this pest with this insecticide as well as with aphid-resistant varieties of soybean. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dionei S Muraro
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erin W Hodgson
- Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Aribi N, Denis B, Kilani-Morakchi S, Joly D. [Azadirachtin, a natural pesticide with multiple effects]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:44-49. [PMID: 32014097 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many studies devoted to the negative impact of conventional pesticides that effectively control pests, but cause widespread environmental pollution. As a result, interest is growing in pesticides of a natural origin with a lower environmental impact. Among them, azadirachtin, sold under various formulations (neem oil, Neem-Azal, Bioneem, etc.), is still the most widely recommended molecule in agricultural ecosystems. Azadirachtin has also been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and studies published over the past few years have tended to support its therapeutic use. Yet the argument that azadirachtin is harmless to the environment has been offset by its notable collateral and controversial effects on non-target organisms. The present paper summarizes the work already done in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Aribi
- Laboratoire de Biologie Animale Appliquée. Faculté des Sciences. Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba. BP12, 23000, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Béatrice Denis
- Laboratoire Évolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie, UMR 9191, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Sud et Université Paris-Saclay, avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Samira Kilani-Morakchi
- Laboratoire de Biologie Animale Appliquée. Faculté des Sciences. Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba. BP12, 23000, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Dominique Joly
- Laboratoire Évolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie, UMR 9191, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Sud et Université Paris-Saclay, avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Whelan CJ, Cunningham JJ. Resistance is not the end: lessons from pest management. Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820922543. [PMID: 32407140 PMCID: PMC7238850 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820922543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The "war on cancer" began over 40 years ago with the signing of the National Cancer Act of 1971. Currently, complete eradication has proven possible in early stage premetastatic disease with increasingly successful early detection and surgery protocols; however, late stage metastatic disease remains invariably fatal. One of the main causes of treatment failure in metastatic disease is the ability of cancer cells to evolve resistance to currently available therapies. Evolution of resistance to control measures is a universal problem. While it may seem that the mechanisms of resistance employed by cancer cells are impossible to control, we show that many of the resistance mechanisms are mirrored in agricultural pests. In this way, we argue that measures developed in the agricultural industry to slow or prevent pesticide resistance could be adopted in clinical cancer biology to do the same. The agriculture industry recognized the problem of pesticide resistance and responded by developing and enforcing guidelines on resistance management and prevention. These guidelines, known as integrated pest management (IPM), do not encourage eradication of pests but instead strive to maintain pests, even with the presence of resistant strains, at a level that does not cause economic damage to the crops. Integrated pest management inspired management of metastatic cancer could result in the slowing or curtailing of widespread resistance to treatment, reducing overall drug usage, and increasing the survival and quality of life of patients with cancer. Using IPM principles as a foundation and shifting the goal of treatment of metastatic disease to long-term management will require close monitoring of evolving tumor populations, judicious application of currently available therapies, and development of new criteria of success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Whelan
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, and Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jessica J. Cunningham
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Major KM, Brander SM. The Ecological and Evolutionary Implications of Pyrethroid Exposure: A New Perspective on Aquatic Ecotoxicity. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2019_432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Heinemann JA. Should dsRNA treatments applied in outdoor environments be regulated? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:104856. [PMID: 31174887 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) issued a Decision that makes the use of externally applied double-stranded (ds)RNA molecules on eukaryotic cells or organisms technically out of scope of legislation on new organisms, making risk assessments of such treatments in the open environment unnecessary. The Decision was based on its view that the treatment does not create new or genetically modified organisms and rests on the EPA's conclusions that dsRNA is not heritable and is not a mutagen. For these reasons EPA decided that treatments using dsRNA do not modify genes or other genetic material. I found from an independent review of the literature on the topic indicated, however, that each of the major scientific justifications relied upon by the EPA was based on either an inaccurate interpretation of evidence or failure to consult the research literature pertaining to additional types of eukaryotes. The Decision also did not take into account the unknown and unique eukaryotic biodiversity of New Zealand. The safe use of RNA-based technology holds promise for addressing complex and persistent challenges in public health, agriculture and conservation. However, by failing to restrict the source or means of modifying the dsRNA, the EPA removed regulatory oversight that could prevent unintended consequences of this new technology such as suppression of genes other than those selected for suppression or the release of viral genes or genomes by failing to restrict the source or means of modifying the dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Heinemann
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Integrative Research in Biosafety, Centre for Integrative Ecology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Casier K, Boivin A, Carré C, Teysset L. Environmentally-Induced Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance: Implication of PIWI Interacting RNAs. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091108. [PMID: 31546882 PMCID: PMC6770481 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmentally-induced transgenerational epigenetic inheritance is an emerging field. The understanding of associated epigenetic mechanisms is currently in progress with open questions still remaining. In this review, we present an overview of the knowledge of environmentally-induced transgenerational inheritance and associated epigenetic mechanisms, mainly in animals. The second part focuses on the role of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small RNAs involved in the maintenance of the germline genome, in epigenetic memory to put into perspective cases of environmentally-induced transgenerational inheritance involving piRNA production. Finally, the last part addresses how genomes are facing production of new piRNAs, and from a broader perspective, how this process might have consequences on evolution and on sporadic disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Casier
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Biologie du Développement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR7622, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Antoine Boivin
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Biologie du Développement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR7622, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Clément Carré
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Biologie du Développement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR7622, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laure Teysset
- Transgenerational Epigenetics & small RNA Biology, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Biologie du Développement, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR7622, 75005 Paris, France.
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Sublethal Pyrethroid Insecticide Exposure Carries Positive Fitness Effects Over Generations in a Pest Insect. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11320. [PMID: 31383885 PMCID: PMC6683203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress tolerance and adaptation to stress are known to facilitate species invasions. Many invasive species are also pests and insecticides are used to control them, which could shape their overall tolerance to stress. It is well-known that heavy insecticide usage leads to selection of resistant genotypes but less is known about potential effects of mild sublethal insecticide usage. We studied whether stressful, sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure has within-generational and/or maternal transgenerational effects on fitness-related traits in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and whether maternal insecticide exposure affects insecticide tolerance of offspring. Sublethal insecticide stress exposure had positive within-and transgenerational effects. Insecticide-stressed larvae had higher adult survival and higher adult body mass than those not exposed to stress. Furthermore, offspring whose mothers were exposed to insecticide stress had higher larval and pupal survival and were heavier as adults (only females) than those descending from control mothers. Maternal insecticide stress did not explain differences in lipid content of the offspring. To conclude, stressful insecticide exposure has positive transgenerational fitness effects in the offspring. Therefore, unsuccessful insecticide control of invasive pest species may lead to undesired side effects since survival and higher body mass are known to facilitate population growth and invasion success.
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Diptaningsari D, Trisyono YA, Purwantoro A, Wijonarko A. Inheritance and Realized Heritability of Resistance to Imidacloprid in the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), From Indonesia. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1831-1837. [PMID: 30989202 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål., is a major insect pest causing serious damage to the rice crop in many rice-producing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the inheritance characteristics and realized heritability of resistance to imidacloprid in N. lugens from Banyumas, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The five generations of selection increased the resistance ratio (RR) from 46.20-fold at generation 45 (G45) to 150.39-fold (G49) compared with the laboratory-susceptible population. The LC50 values of imidacloprid for the progeny of reciprocal crosses, F1 and F1', showed no significant differences, indicating that imidacloprid resistance was inherited autosomally in N. lugens. The degree of dominance (D) values for F1 and F1' were 0.65 and 0.64, respectively, suggesting that imidacloprid resistance in N. lugens was expressed as an incompletely dominant trait. Chi-square analysis based on the monogenic hypothesis indicated that imidacloprid resistance in N. lugens was polygenic. Furthermore, the estimation realized heritability value (h2) was 0.0893. These results would be useful to determine an effective resistance management strategies in N. lugens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danarsi Diptaningsari
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Y Andi Trisyono
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aziz Purwantoro
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arman Wijonarko
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Szabó B, Lang Z, Bakonyi G, Mariën J, Roelofs D, van Gestel CAM, Seres A. Transgenerational and multigenerational stress gene responses to the insecticide etofenprox in Folsomia candida (Collembola). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 175:181-191. [PMID: 30897417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide exposure may cause both transgenerational and multigenerational effects on populations, but the molecular mechanisms of these changes remain largely unclear. Many studies have focused on either transgenerational or multigenerational mechanisms but did neglect the comparative aspects. This study assessed whether the pyrethroid insecticide etofenprox (formulation Trebon® 30 EC) shows transgenerational and/or multigenerational effects on the survival and reproduction of Folsomia candida (Collembola). The activation of stress-related genes was studied to detect whether etofenprox modifies the expression of reproduction-associated genes in trans- and multigenerational treatments. A laboratory study was carried out for three generations with five insecticide concentrations in LUFA 2.2 soil. In the transgenerational treatment, only the parent generation (P) was exposed, but the subsequent generations were not. In the multigenerational treatment, all three generations were exposed to the insecticide in the same manner. Multigenerational exposure resulted in reduced reproduction effects over generations, suggesting that F. candida is capable of acclimating to enhanced concentration levels of etofenprox during prolonged exposure over multiple generations. In the transgenerational treatment, the heat shock protein 70 was up-regulated and cytochrome oxidase 6N4v1 expression down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner in the F2 generation. This finding raises the possibility of the epigenetic inheritance of insecticide impacts on parents. Furthermore, CYP6N4v1 expression was oppositely regulated in the trans- and multigenerational treatments. Our results draw attention to the differences in molecular level responses of F. candida to trans- and multigenerational etofenprox exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borbála Szabó
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary; Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Zsolt Lang
- Department of Biomathematics and Informatics, University of Veterinary Medicine, István st. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bakonyi
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Janine Mariën
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Roelofs
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anikó Seres
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
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Alterations in Organismal Physiology, Impaired Stress Resistance, and Accelerated Aging in Drosophila Flies Adapted to Multigenerational Proteome Instability. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7823285. [PMID: 31320986 PMCID: PMC6610734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7823285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Being an assembly of highly sophisticated protein machines, cells depend heavily on proteostatic modules functionality and on adequate supply of energetic molecules for maintaining proteome stability. Yet, our understanding of the adaptations induced by multigenerational proteotoxic stress is limited. We report here that multigenerational (>80 generations) proteotoxic stress in OregonR flies induced by constant exposure to developmentally nonlethal doses of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) (G80-BTZ flies) increased proteome instability and redox imbalance, reduced fecundity and body size, and caused neuromuscular defects; it also accelerated aging. G80-BTZ flies were mildly resistant to increased doses of BTZ and showed no age-related loss of proteasome activity; these adaptations correlated with sustained upregulation of proteostatic modules, which however occurred at the cost of minimal responses to increased BTZ doses and increased susceptibility to various types of additional proteotoxic stress, namely, autophagy inhibition or thermal stress. Multigenerational proteome instability and redox imbalance also caused metabolic reprogramming being evidenced by altered mitochondrial biogenesis and suppressed insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS) in G80-BTZ flies. The toxic effects of multigenerational proteome instability could be partially mitigated by a low-protein diet that extended G80-BTZ flies' longevity. Overall, persistent proteotoxic stress triggers a highly conserved adaptive metabolic response mediated by the IIS pathway, which reallocates resources from growth and longevity to somatic preservation and stress tolerance. Yet, these trade-off adaptations occur at the cost of accelerated aging and/or reduced tolerance to additional stress, illustrating the limited buffering capacity of survival pathways.
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Müller T, Römer CI, Müller C. Parental sublethal insecticide exposure prolongs mating response and decreases reproductive output in offspring. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorben Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
| | - Clara Isis Römer
- Department of Chemical Ecology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
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Bantz A, Camon J, Froger JA, Goven D, Raymond V. Exposure to sublethal doses of insecticide and their effects on insects at cellular and physiological levels. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 30:73-78. [PMID: 30553488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides were used as pest management tools for a long time. The appearance of resistant insects has led the scientific community to rethink their use and to study the mechanisms underlying the resistance in order to circumvent it. However, we know now that sublethal doses of insecticide induce many effects which should be taken into account for pest control. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on mechanisms used by insects to deal with exposure to sublethal dose of insecticides. Physiological and cellular changes could contribute to the adaptation of the insect to its environment making the challenge of managing pests difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bantz
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Jérémy Camon
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Valérie Raymond
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France.
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Chen YH, Schoville SD. Editorial overview: Ecology: Ecological adaptation in agroecosystems: novel opportunities to integrate evolutionary biology and agricultural entomology. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 26:iv-viii. [PMID: 29764669 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda H Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sean D Schoville
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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