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Watkyns AF, Cloete LG, Parham LD. Sensory reactivity assessment in children: A systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:422-439. [PMID: 37771091 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify sensory reactivity assessments published in the literature for children aged 3 to 12 years and evaluate their psychometric properties to select the most appropriate one for adaptation to South Africa, with implications for other low- and middle-income countries. METHOD We addressed the following two review questions. What tests have been published in the literature in the past 30 years to evaluate sensory reactivity with children aged 3 to 12 years? What is the validity and reliability of the tests reported in the studies? The COnsensus-based standards for the Selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology was used. We searched eight databases. Two reviewers independently screened and selected the studies. RESULTS The reviewers identified 41 studies, representing 19 assessments. The most common type of assessment was the proxy-reported caregiver questionnaire. Sensory systems most often assessed were visual, tactile, auditory, and vestibular. Study populations included those with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and children born preterm. Ratings for measurement properties of most assessments were moderate to low. INTERPRETATION Limited psychometric information was reported, with low ratings for many properties. The Sensory Processing 3-Dimensions Scale was selected on the basis of its psychometric properties and alignment with best-practice recommendation to use a caregiver questionnaire and a performance test to assess sensory reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann F Watkyns
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Lizahn Gracia Cloete
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Linda D Parham
- Paediatrics Department, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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2
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Bahramian E, Gohari N, Aazh H. Preliminary Study on Speech in Noise Training in Children with Sensory Processing Disorder and Hyperacusis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:344-350. [PMID: 38440608 PMCID: PMC10908896 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperacusis is the perception of certain everyday sounds as too loud or painful. Past research suggests that some individuals with Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) may also have a comorbid hyperacusis. The aim of this preliminary study was to explore if hyperacusis symptoms in children with SPD change following Speech in noise training (SPINT). This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were included for 28 children with SPD and sound intolerance (12/28 were female, mean age was 8.7 ± 1.9 years old). Patients were assessed using the Persian Buffalo Model Questionnaire-Revised version (P-BMQ-R) that measures various behavioural aspects of auditory processing disorder and word in noise test (WINT) before and after SPINT. After SPINT the subscales of DEC, TFM with its Noi, and Mem, subcategories, APD, ΣCAP, and Gen of P-BMQ-R questionnaire significantly improved (P < 0.05), however, the changes in subscales of Var, INT and ORG were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). In addition, SPINT led to better performance in WINT in both ears (P < 0.05). This preliminary study showed promising result for the effect of SPINT on improving behavioural indicators of APD (as measured via P-BMQ-R and WINT) and decreasing hyperacusis symptoms (as measured via Noi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Bahramian
- Audiology Clinic of Ordibehesht Rehabilitation Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Gohari
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hashir Aazh
- Hashir International Specialist Clinics and Research Institute for Misophonia, Tinnitus and Hyperacusis, Guildford, UK
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3
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Nielsen AN, la Cour K, Brandt Å. Teachers' and Parents' Assessment of Challenges in Children Exhibiting Sensory Seeking Behavior and Possible Effects of the Use of Ball Vests: A Pre-Post Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1800. [PMID: 38002891 PMCID: PMC10670564 DOI: 10.3390/children10111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Children with dysfunction in sensory processing (DSP) may experience challenges, which might affect their participation in activities and potentially also their further development. This study examined the challenges of children with DSP who exhibit sensory seeking behavior, the differences in these challenges between boys and girls, and the possible effects of their use of ball vests. The challenges of 70 pupils (aged 6-12 years) exhibiting sensory seeking behavior were assessed by their parents (n = 66) and teachers (n = 60) by surveys containing items from the 'Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire' (SDQ) and the 'Five to Fifteen' (FTF) questionnaire. Differences in the SDQ/FTF scores between boys and girls were explored using chi-square analysis. The potential effects of the ball vest were assessed using a study-specific follow-up survey. Linear mixed model regression analysis was used to examine associations between the extent of use of the vest and the assessed effects. The pupils were assessed for challenges that interfered with their learning (62%), forming friendships (51.7%), and the classroom environment (56.9%). After three weeks, the parents found that some pupils had improved regarding attention (39%), body perception (34%), and hyperactivity and impulsivity (33%). The teachers reported that 30% of the pupils had improved their coping skills in learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Natasja Nielsen
- National Institute of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen la Cour
- Occupational Science, Research Unit for User Perspective and Community-Based Intervention, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Åse Brandt
- Occupational Science, Research Unit for User Perspective and Community-Based Intervention, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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Jurdana MA, Lacambre M, Fovet T. [Soothing spaces and techniques in psychiatry]. REVUE DE L'INFIRMIERE 2023; 72:29-31. [PMID: 37364973 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of alternatives to seclusion and restraint is a priority for psychiatric care services. Among them, the implementation of soothing spaces is currently experiencing considerable growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lacambre
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1172 - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France; Filière de psychiatrie légale, Unité de soins intensifs de psychiatrie, CHU Montpellier, 191 avenue du Doyen Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas Fovet
- CHU Lille, Service de Psychiatrie adulte, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, Inserm, U1172 - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France; Section psychiatrie légale, Association française de psychiatrie biologique et de neuropsychopharmacologie (AFPBN), BP 60222, 78102 Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France.
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5
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Bech NL, Bartholdy KH, Nielsen AN, Brandt Å. Preliminary inter-rater reliability of “The observed Off-task Behavior among School-Children” (The OBS-Children). Br J Occup Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221137770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the inter-rater reliability of The observed Off-task Behavior among School Children (The OBS-Children), developed to measure observed off-task behavior among children from 6 to 12 years old with sensory processing difficulties and sensory seeking behavior. Two raters rated 18 videos of 10 children in a controlled school-like setting. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs 2.1). Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Limits of Agreement (LoA) were calculated as a parameter of measurement error. Four out of six items had good to excellent reliability (ICC 0.83–0.95), while one had moderate reliability (ICC 0.75) and one had poor reliability (ICC 0.28). SEM was mostly small, while LoA ranged quite widely on all but one item. The reliability of the OBS-Children can be considered acceptable except from two problematic items. Measurement error was relatively large for all items, implying a need for further development and psychometric testing of the tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline L Bech
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Ann N Nielsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Åse Brandt
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder frequently present with atypical behavioral responses to sensory stimuli, as well as differences in autonomic nervous system (ANS) and neuroendocrine activity. However, no one consistent pattern appears to explain these differences within this heterogeneous population. To conceptualize more homogenous ASD subgroups, sensory-based subtypes have been explored. One subtyping mechanism groups children by sensory responsivity pattern in addition to sensory domain. Differences in nervous system responsivity to sensory input within this sensory-based subtyping scheme have not yet been investigated. This exploratory study used ANS indices (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], skin conductance level) and neuroendocrine (salivary cortisol) response to examine patterns differentiating these subtypes. Significant differences in RSA were found during baseline, and during tactile, tone and movement stimuli (p < 0.05). Subtype membership was predicted by RSA changes during auditory stimulation and recovery periods (p < 0.05). Results confirm that children with an adaptive sensory responsivity subtype differ from those children with sensory processing dysfunction, however, physiological variables did not distinguish between children with different patterns of sensory processing dysfunction.
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Interventions for Sensory Over-Responsivity in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101584. [PMID: 36291519 PMCID: PMC9601143 DOI: 10.3390/children9101584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit sensory over-responsivity (SOR), which is characterized by an overwhelmingly negative reaction to or avoidance of sensory stimulation. Despite the detrimental effects of SOR on people’s personal and social lives, the knowledge of and interventions for the issue remain limited. This paper collates and reviews studies on SOR and information on the potential for effective interventions for people with ASD. This review reveals evidence that SOR has a close relationship with anxiety, depression, insomnia, and family life impairment and an underlying mechanism related to SOR. Four interventions and their theoretical bases in sensory-motor processing are discussed in this paper, namely, physical activity (PA), sensory integration therapy (SIT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). These interventions focus on establishing coping strategies for regulating the emotional response to sensory information, and they have been found to be effective and to have the potential to help children with ASD reduce their SOR behaviors. This paper provides guidance for selecting appropriate interventions and for further investigation of more effective interventions in the future.
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Nielsen AN, la Cour K, Brandt Å. Feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of a proprioceptive and tactile vest intervention for children with challenges integrating and processing sensory information. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 35655147 PMCID: PMC9161456 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with challenges integrating and processing sensory information can have difficulties participating in play and learning activities. One way to support participation is to offer sensory stimulation, such as proprioceptive and tactile stimulation provided by wearing a sensory-stimulating vest. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of the key procedures of a planned full-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a proprioceptive and tactile stimulation vest for children aged 6-12 years who have challenges integrating and processing sensory information. The study focused on the feasibility of the recruitment and information processes, the relevance of the study materials, the usefulness of diaries completed by parents, and use of the following outcome measures: Test of Everyday Attention-Children (TEACh), registration of off-task behaviour, and pulse rate. METHODS Ten schoolchildren aged 6-12 years (mean 8.4) who had challenges integrating and processing sensory information and sensory-seeking behaviours (based on their Short Sensory Profile scores) participated in the study. Study feasibility was assessed using data from interviews with the participating children, their parents and teachers, and psychologists from the municipal Educational Psychological Counselling Departments. RESULTS Recruitment and introductory materials were found to be relevant and non-problematic, while the outcome measurements, diaries, and pulse measurements did not work well, and the tool for registering off-task behaviours needed to be revised. The results indicated that an outcome measure relating to the children's subjective experiences and closer involvement of teachers in the study could be beneficial. CONCLUSION The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of the planned methodology for a full-scale RCT of a proprioceptive and tactile stimulating vests for children with challenges integrating and processing sensory information. We found that a partial redesign of the study is needed before a full-scale RCT is conducted and that this should include outcome measures on the children's subjective experiences with using the vest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Natasja Nielsen
- National Institute of Public Health, Research Unit for Child and Adolescent Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Karen la Cour
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for User Perspectives and Community-based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Åse Brandt
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for User Perspectives and Community-based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Sibeoni J, Massoutier L, Valette M, Manolios E, Verneuil L, Speranza M, Revah-Levy A. The sensory experiences of autistic people: A metasynthesis. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 26:1032-1045. [PMID: 35362340 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Sensory atypicalities are very common among autistic people and are integrated in several theories and explanatory models of autism. Qualitative studies have explored these singular sensory experiences from the perspectives of autistic people themselves. This article gathers all these qualitative studies and provides original findings regarding the everyday sensory experience of autistic people, that is, around four dimensions - physical, emotional, relational and social - experienced holistically, as inseparable, and not hierarchically or in terms of cause and effect. Adopting this holistic view could improve the adaptation of the sensory environment in health care facilities and the training of professionals around this specific issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Sibeoni
- Argenteuil Hospital Centre, France.,Université de Paris, France
| | - Laura Massoutier
- Université de Paris, France.,Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse, France
| | | | - Emilie Manolios
- Université de Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, France
| | - Laurence Verneuil
- Université de Paris, France.,GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, France
| | - Mario Speranza
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Anne Revah-Levy
- Argenteuil Hospital Centre, France.,Université de Paris, France
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10
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Agmon M, Bar-Shalita T, Kizony R. High Sensory Responsiveness in Older Adults is Associated with Walking Outside but Not Inside: Proof of Concept Study. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1651-1657. [PMID: 34548788 PMCID: PMC8449548 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s322728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Reduced mobility and a higher risk of falls among older adults are related to aging-associated sensory alteration. Sensory responsiveness (SR) has been found to be strongly correlated with postural control in studies on young adults in stimulating environments; however, SR has not been studied in the context of mobility among older adults, despite its potential to enhance fall risks. The aim of the current study is to characterize the associations between SR and gait under single and dual-task (ST, DT) conditions inside and outside the laboratory. Methods Twenty-six community-dwelling older adults (age 70.3 ± 4.6 years, 65.4% women) participated in this cross-sectional study. Gait variables were measured using the APDM system under single and dual task conditions, in a quiet corridor inside and in an ecological (outside) environment. SR was evaluated using the SR questionnaire and cognition was assessed with the Trail-Making Test and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results SR was negatively associated with gait speed during ST (rs = −0.491, p < 0.05) and DT (rs = −0.528, p < 0.01) outside and with ST gait speed inside (rs = −0.528, p < 0.01). SR was positively associated with gait variability under DT (rs = 0.41, p < 0.05) and with DT cost (rs = 0.44, p < 0.05) only outside. Conclusion SR may play an important role in understanding mobility deterioration throughout the aging process, especially outside, illuminating the importance of SR evaluation among older adults during mobility assessment. Therefore, accounting for SR in gait research may contribute to a better understanding of mobility decline throughout the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Agmon
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tami Bar-Shalita
- Department of Occupational Therapy, The Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Kizony
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Mulligan S, Douglas S, Armstrong C. Characteristics of Idiopathic Sensory Processing Disorder in Young Children. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:647928. [PMID: 33994966 PMCID: PMC8113623 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.647928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study described the developmental and behavioral characteristics of children identified with idiopathic sensory processing disorder (SPD) as well as the relations among specific types of SPD as proposed by the nosology presented by Miller et al. (2007), adaptive behavior profiles, and behaviors associated with mental functioning. A retrospective, non-experimental design applying descriptive and correlational analyses was used. Data were obtained from clinic medical records of 78 children ages 2 to 7 years who were identified with sensory processing problems affecting daily life, but who did not meet criteria for any other neurodevelopmental or mental disorders following a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. Results revealed that all SPD types as described by current typologies were well represented with the most common being the over-responsivity sensory modulation subtype. Within the sample, 53% of the children displayed more than one SPD type. Atypical externalizing and internalizing behavior scores associated with various mental disorders as measured by the child behavior checklist (CBCL) fell in the borderline dysfunctional range. Adaptive behavior for all developmental domains was below average, and the severity of SPD symptoms moderately and positively correlated with behaviors associated with mental disorders, and with lower adaptive behavior performance. It was concluded that symptoms characteristic of the various types of idiopathic SPD overlap substantially suggesting that current typologies may include more types/subtypes than are necessary or clinically useful. Children with SPD share similar, but often less severe pathological behaviors associated with other mental or related neurodevelopmental disorders. Psychometrically sound measures of SPD are needed, and further study of the neural mechanisms involved in sensory processing deficits is vital for validating idiopathic SPD as its own diagnostic entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Mulligan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
| | - Sarah Douglas
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
| | - Caitlin Armstrong
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
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Exploration of Sensory Processing Difficulties among Children Attending Primary School in Denmark. Occup Ther Int 2021; 2021:8893345. [PMID: 33824631 PMCID: PMC8016559 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8893345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research shows that children with sensory processing (SP) difficulties have limited participation and enjoyment in their daily activities at school. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of SP difficulties among Danish children and to explore possible associated factors. Since SP difficulties can affect children's prerequisites for participation in school activities and learning possibilities, this study focused on primary school children. Method. The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. The sample consisted of 1723 children age 5 to 11 years, who were attending Danish public school (45.5% girls, 53.2% boys). The parents or caregivers of the child completed a Short Sensory Profile (SSP) questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire. One-way ANOVA was used to examine differences between girls and boys regarding sports, geographic area, and parental level of education. Chi-square analysis was used to explore the relationship between sex and SPP scores in the different behavioral sections. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate possible associations between SP difficulties and sex and the included demographics. Results. A total of 21.3% of the children had SSP scores suggesting SP difficulties. Boys had a higher probability of having SP difficulties than girls (odds ratio (OR) = 1.55, confidence level (Cl): 1.22, 1.97). An association was found between participating in sports outside of school and SP difficulties (OR = 0.55, Cl: 0.47, 0.65 (p ≤ 0.001)). Additionally, a slight association between SP difficulties and parental education level (OR = 0.80) was found. No association was found regarding geographic area, i.e., where in Denmark the children attended school (OR = 1.00). Conclusion. The study results suggest that approximately 20% of the children in Danish public schools might have SP difficulties and over 20% might be at risk of having SP difficulties. The results suggest that Danish schools should focus on both identifying children with SP difficulties and implement interventions such as sensory integration through occupational therapy to help children with SP difficulties, in order to improve their ability to participate and learn from school activities.
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Sensory over-responsivity is related to GABAergic inhibition in thalamocortical circuits. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:39. [PMID: 33436538 PMCID: PMC7804323 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory over-responsivity (SOR), extreme sensitivity to or avoidance of sensory stimuli (e.g., scratchy fabrics, loud sounds), is a highly prevalent and impairing feature of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), anxiety, and ADHD. Previous studies have found overactive brain responses and reduced modulation of thalamocortical connectivity in response to mildly aversive sensory stimulation in ASD. These findings suggest altered thalamic sensory gating which could be associated with an excitatory/inhibitory neurochemical imbalance, but such thalamic neurochemistry has never been examined in relation to SOR. Here we utilized magnetic resonance spectroscopy and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the relationship between thalamic and somatosensory cortex inhibitory (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA) and excitatory (glutamate) neurochemicals with the intrinsic functional connectivity of those regions in 35 ASD and 35 typically developing pediatric subjects. Although there were no diagnostic group differences in neurochemical concentrations in either region, within the ASD group, SOR severity correlated negatively with thalamic GABA (r = -0.48, p < 0.05) and positively with somatosensory glutamate (r = 0.68, p < 0.01). Further, in the ASD group, thalamic GABA concentration predicted altered connectivity with regions previously implicated in SOR. These variations in GABA and associated network connectivity in the ASD group highlight the potential role of GABA as a mechanism underlying individual differences in SOR, a major source of phenotypic heterogeneity in ASD. In ASD, abnormalities of the thalamic neurochemical balance could interfere with the thalamic role in integrating, relaying, and inhibiting attention to sensory information. These results have implications for future research and GABA-modulating pharmacologic interventions.
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Yang CY, Tseng MH, Cermak SA, Lu L, Shieh JY. Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7402205060p1-7402205060p10. [PMID: 32204784 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.036566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In Chinese-speaking societies, a reliable and valid measure is needed to enable early identification of young children's challenges in sensory processing. OBJECTIVE To examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile (ITSP-C) when used with Taiwanese children. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Multiple settings. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 367 typically developing (TD) infants ages 0-6 mo (mean [M] age = 3.44 mo, standard deviation [SD] = 1.82) and 677 toddlers ages 7-36 mo (M age = 22.33 mo, SD = 8.15), along with 42 toddlers with developmental disabilities (DD; M age = 28.4 mo, SD = 6.7). OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The ITSP, a caregiver questionnaire that measures how children respond to sensory events in daily life, was translated and cross-culturally adapted into a Chinese version (ITSP-C). RESULTS Internal consistency was high for the 0-6 mo subscale (α = .80) and the 7-36 mo subscale (α = .82). Test-retest reliability was excellent for the 7-36 mo subscale (intraclass correlation coefficient = .94). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the ITSP-C discriminated between children with DD and TD children. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The ITSP was successfully adapted to Chinese with similar reliability and validity to the original ITSP. The 7-36 mo subscale had a higher level of reliability than the 0-6 mo subscale, and quadrant scores were more reliable than section scores. Moreover, the ITSP-C discriminated children with DD from TD children on the basis of their sensory processing patterns. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS The ITSP-C has sound psychometric properties and support for its use in early identification of sensory processing difficulties in young Chinese-speaking children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ying Yang
- Chien-Ying Yang, PhD, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mei-Hui Tseng
- Mei-Hui Tseng, ScD, OTR, is Professor, School of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;
| | - Sharon A Cermak
- Sharon A. Cermak, EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Professor, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Lu Lu
- Lu Lu, PhD, MD, is Physiatrist, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yi Shieh
- Jeng-Yi Shieh, MD, is Physiatrist, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Phase 2 and Later of COVID-19 Lockdown: Is it Possible to Perform Remote Diagnosis and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder? An Online-Mediated Approach. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061850. [PMID: 32545809 PMCID: PMC7357157 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is still in phase 2. The lockdown has been significantly reduced compared to phase 1. The centers and institutions that deal with the diagnosis and intervention of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) require rapid functional adaptation to respond to patients’ needs. The possibility of using technology to activate and manage diagnostic (preliminary diagnosis) and intervention processes should be explored. Two developed telemedicine working models for diagnosis and intervention, including synchronous and asynchronous transmissions, are presented. They are proposals not yet supported by the data. The diagnosis step is composed by two different and consecutives phases: (A) pre-specialistic consultation (PSC) and (B) specialistic assessment. The intervention step implemented well-recognized evidence-based models for preschoolers, school-aged, and older children in an online format. Parents’ support is also included. The described working models have the purpose of carrying out preliminary specialistic answers to the families without aiming to replace preferable in-person assessment. Based on previous research findings, the telemedicine approach is accepted by parents, increases their sense of competence, increases the parent intervention adhesion, and improves the social communication competencies for children with ASD. In conclusion, the presented working models must be considered partial responses to the current emergency status and at the same time as possible integrations into traditional approaches.
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Crasta JE, Salzinger E, Lin MH, Gavin WJ, Davies PL. Sensory Processing and Attention Profiles Among Children With Sensory Processing Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:22. [PMID: 32431600 PMCID: PMC7214749 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the differences in the profile of relationships between sensory processing and attention abilities among children with sensory processing disorder (SPD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and typically developing (TD) children. The Test of Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch), a performance-based measure of attention, was administered to 69 children (TD: n = 24; SPD: n = 21; ASD: n = 24), ages 6-10 years. All participants' parents completed the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), a standardized parent-report measure of sensory-related behaviors. Discriminant analyses using the TEA-Ch and the SSP domains revealed two classification functions; the first revealed that both clinical groups significantly differed from the TD group with greater sensory processing challenges in the categories of auditory filtering, under-responsive/seeks sensation, low energy/weak, and taste/smell sensitivity subscales of the SSP. The second function discriminated between the two clinical groups, indicating that children with ASD had significantly greater control and sustained attention deficits and less sensory issues than did children with SPD. Together, the two functions correctly classified 76.8% of the participants as to their group membership. The different profiles of sensory processing and attention abilities in children with SPD and ASD may provide guidance in identifying appropriate individualized therapeutic strategies for these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel E. Crasta
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Occupational Therapy Division, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Emily Salzinger
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Fairfax County Public Schools, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Mei-Heng Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - William J. Gavin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Neuroscience, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- School of Music, Theatre, and Dance, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Patricia L. Davies
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Neuroscience, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Podoly TY, Ben Sasson A. When It’s Impossible to Ignore: Development and Validation of the Sensory Habituation Questionnaire. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7403205040p1-7403205040p10. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.033878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Importance: Sensory overresponsivity (SOR) in adults is frequently overlooked and misdiagnosed. In some cases, the sensory symptoms are attributed to psychopathology or negative emotionality. Developing sound tools for examining various dimensions of sensory overresponsivity in adults, particularly sensitivity versus habituation, can more precisely guide scientific and intervention efforts.
Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties, content validity, internal reliability, and construct validity of the new Sensory Habituation Questionnaire.
Design: A Classical Test Theory approach and a multitrait–multimethod matrix was used to evaluate the questionnaire’s psychometric properties.
Participants: A nonclinical sample of 160 adults ages 18–65 yr (mean = 31.85, standard deviation = 10.72); 56.87% were female.
Measures: Participants completed the Sensory Habituation Questionnaire, Sensory Perception Quotient, Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile, and the Brief Symptom Inventory.
Results: The Sensory Habituation Questionnaire had high internal reliability (α = .88) and was significantly correlated with other standardized SOR questionnaires (rs = .57–.61). In contrast to the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile overresponsivity score, the perceptually oriented measures (the Sensory Perception Quotient and the Sensory Habituation Questionnaire) were not associated with the Brief Symptom Inventory.
Conclusions and Relevance: The Sensory Habituation Questionnaire is a tool that can evaluate the ability to ignore daily sensations independent of psychopathology symptoms. It can guide practitioners and researchers in breaking down the dimensions of SOR.
What This Article Adds: This article introduces a questionnaire for evaluating the rate of sensory habituation in adults, a dimension of SOR that greatly affects daily functioning. The questionnaire is also advantageous in identifying sensory difficulties that differ from psychopathological symptoms. Habituation is a crucial factor to consider in intervention, because it calls for work on the capacity to adjust to bothersome sensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Y. Podoly
- Tamar Y. Podoly, MA Psy, BOT, is PhD Candidate, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel, and Clinical Psychologist, Cognetica–The Israeli Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Tel Aviv, Israel;
| | - Ayelet Ben Sasson
- Ayelet Ben Sasson, ScD, OT, is Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel
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Peleh T, Ike KG, Wams EJ, Lebois EP, Hengerer B. The reverse translation of a quantitative neuropsychiatric framework into preclinical studies: Focus on social interaction and behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 97:96-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Brown A, Tse T, Fortune T. Defining sensory modulation: A review of the concept and a contemporary definition for application by occupational therapists. Scand J Occup Ther 2018; 26:515-523. [DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2018.1509370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Brown
- College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tamara Tse
- College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tracy Fortune
- College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Identification of Sensory Processing and Integration Symptom Clusters: A Preliminary Study. Occup Ther Int 2017; 2017:2876080. [PMID: 29348739 PMCID: PMC5733937 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2876080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale This study explored subtypes of sensory processing disorder (SPD) by examining the clinical presentations of cluster groups that emerged from scores of children with SPD on the Sensory Processing 3-Dimension (SP-3D) Inventory. Method A nonexperimental design was used involving data extraction from the records of 252 children with SPD. Exploratory cluster analyses were conducted with scores from the SP-3D Inventory which measures sensory overresponsivity (SOR), sensory underresponsivity (SUR), sensory craving (SC), postural disorder, dyspraxia, and sensory discrimination. Scores related to adaptive behavior, social-emotional functioning, and attention among children with different sensory modulation patterns were then examined and compared. Results Three distinct cluster groups emerged from the data: High SOR only, High SUR with SOR, and High SC with SOR. All groups showed low performance within multiple domains of adaptive behavior. Atypical behaviors associated with social-emotional functioning and attention varied among the groups. Implications The SP-3D Inventory shows promise as a tool for assisting in identifying patterns of sensory dysfunction and for guiding intervention. Better characterization can guide intervention precision and facilitate homogenous samples for research.
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21
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Social isolation suppresses actin dynamics and synaptic plasticity through ADF/cofilin inactivation in the developing rat barrel cortex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8471. [PMID: 28814784 PMCID: PMC5559554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08849-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to a stressful environment early in life can cause psychiatric disorders by disrupting circuit formation. Actin plays central roles in regulating neuronal structure and protein trafficking. We have recently reported that neonatal isolation inactivated ADF/cofilin, the actin depolymerizing factor, resulted in a reduced actin dynamics at spines and an attenuation of synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor delivery in the juvenile rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), leading to altered social behaviours. Here, we investigated the impact of neonatal social isolation in the developing rat barrel cortex. Similar to the mPFC study, we detected an increase in stable actin fraction in spines and this resulted in a decreased synaptic AMPA receptor delivery. Thus, we conclude that early life social isolation affects multiple cortical areas with common molecular changes.
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Bolaños C, Gomez MM, Ramos G, Rios Del Rio J. Developmental Risk Signals as a Screening Tool for Early Identification of Sensory Processing Disorders. Occup Ther Int 2015; 23:154-64. [PMID: 26644234 DOI: 10.1002/oti.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this research was to determine if the indicators of risk included in the Indicators of Developmental Risk Signals (INDIPCD-R) could differentiate between children at risk of sensory processing disorders (SPDs) from those with normal development and if the SPD indicators correlated with a delay or altered development. A retrospective, descriptive, correlational design was used with a sample of 51 children, 36 referred because of clinical sensory processing indicators and 15 with non-clinical indicators. Participants were assessed with a developmental scale Revised Profile of Developmental Behaviors (PCD-R), the Sensory Profile, play and clinical observations. The INDIPCD-R showed a high correlation with developmental areas of PCD-R and a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, when compared with the Sensory Profile. T-test results for independent samples showed significant differences at p ≤ 0.01 level between the children with SPD indicators and those with no clinical signs in the PCD-R. The Mann-Whitney U-test was conducted for unpaired samples, to verify if there were significant differences between children with apparent SPD indicators and children with no apparent difficulties. The Spearman's rho was used to identify the correlations between the INDIPCD-R, with different areas of development. This study supports the use of the INDIPCD-R as a screening instrument that could be used by occupational therapists to discriminate children with and without indicators of SPD. The limitation of this study was that it did not cover all the ages of the INDIPCD-R. Additional studies are required to determine the utility of this instrument for outcome studies and whether it is valid and reliable to identify children at risk of different pathologies. The INDIPCD-R is a low-cost instrument that allows the occupational therapist to make a quick review of the different components that could be involved in SPD and therefore guide the more in-depth evaluation if necessary. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bolaños
- Instituto de Terapia Ocupacional, Av. San Antonio 341-1, Col. San Pedro de los Pinos, Delegacion Benito Juarez, Mexico City, 03800, Mexico
| | - M Marlene Gomez
- Instituto de Terapia Ocupacional, Av. San Antonio 341-1, Col. San Pedro de los Pinos, Delegacion Benito Juarez, Mexico City, 03800, Mexico
| | - Gregorio Ramos
- Instituto de Terapia Ocupacional, Av. San Antonio 341-1, Col. San Pedro de los Pinos, Delegacion Benito Juarez, Mexico City, 03800, Mexico
| | - Janina Rios Del Rio
- Instituto de Terapia Ocupacional, Av. San Antonio 341-1, Col. San Pedro de los Pinos, Delegacion Benito Juarez, Mexico City, 03800, Mexico
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Zwaigenbaum L, Bauman ML, Choueiri R, Fein D, Kasari C, Pierce K, Stone WL, Yirmiya N, Estes A, Hansen RL, McPartland JC, Natowicz MR, Buie T, Carter A, Davis PA, Granpeesheh D, Mailloux Z, Newschaffer C, Robins D, Smith Roley S, Wagner S, Wetherby A. Early Identification and Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Executive Summary. Pediatrics 2015; 136 Suppl 1:S1-9. [PMID: 26430167 PMCID: PMC9923899 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lonnie Zwaigenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;
| | - Margaret L. Bauman
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roula Choueiri
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Memorial Children’s Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah Fein
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Connie Kasari
- Graduate School of Education & Information Studies, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Karen Pierce
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Nurit Yirmiya
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Annette Estes
- Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robin L. Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, California
| | | | | | - Timothy Buie
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alice Carter
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Zoe Mailloux
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Craig Newschaffer
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Diana Robins
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susanne Smith Roley
- USC Mrs T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sheldon Wagner
- Behavioral Development & Educational Services, New Bedford, Massachusetts; and
| | - Amy Wetherby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
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Cohn ES, Kramer J, Schub JA, May-Benson T. Parents’ Explanatory Models and Hopes for Outcomes of Occupational Therapy Using a Sensory Integration Approach. Am J Occup Ther 2014; 68:454-62. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2014.010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
PURPOSE. To describe parents’ concerns and hopes for their children who would be receiving occupational therapy using a sensory integration approach.
METHOD. Content analysis of 275 parental responses to three open-ended questions on developmental–sensory history intake forms.
FINDINGS. Parents’ descriptions of why they sought for their children were categorized into four overarching concerns about their children’s challenges: self-regulation, interacting with peers, participating in skilled motor activities, and self-confidence. Parents often linked these concerns together, revealing explanatory models of how they make sense of potential relationships among their children’s challenges and how these challenges affect occupational performance. Parents hoped occupational therapy would help their children develop self-understanding and frustration tolerance to self-regulate their behavior in socially acceptable ways.
IMPLICATIONS. Assessment and intervention should explicitly focus on links among self-regulation, social participation, skills, and perceived competence to address parents’ expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen S. Cohn
- Ellen S. Cohn, ScD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Clinical Professor and MSOT Program Director, Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215;
| | - Jessica Kramer
- Jessica Kramer, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Boston University Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston, MA
| | - Jamie A. Schub
- Jamie A. Schub, MS, OTR/L, is Graduate Student, Boston University Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston, MA
| | - Teresa May-Benson
- Teresa May-Benson, ScD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Director of Research and Education, Spiral Foundation, Watertown, MA
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Pérez-Robles R, Doval E, Jané MC, Caldeira da Silva P, Papoila AL, Virella D. The role of sensory modulation deficits and behavioral symptoms in a diagnosis for early childhood. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2013; 44:400-11. [PMID: 23053616 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-012-0334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To contribute to the validation of the sensory and behavioral criteria for Regulation Disorders of Sensory Processing (RDSP) (DC:0-3R, 2005), this study examined a sample of toddlers in a clinical setting to analyze: (1) the severity of sensory modulation deficits and the behavioral symptoms of RDSP; (2) the associations between sensory and behavioral symptoms; and (3) the specific role of sensory modulation deficits in an RDSP diagnosis. Based on clinical observations, 78 toddlers were classified into two groups: toddlers with RDSP (N = 18) and those with "other diagnoses in Axis I/II of the DC:0-3R" (OD3R; N = 60). The parents completed the Infant Toddler Sensory Profile and the Achenbach Checklist. The results revealed that the RDSP group had more severe sensory modulation deficits and specific behavioral symptoms; stronger, although not significant, associations between most sensory and behavioral symptoms; and a significant sensory modulation deficit effect. These findings support the validity of RDSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Pérez-Robles
- Departament of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Román-Oyola R, Reynolds S. Prevalence of sensory modulation disorder among Puerto Rican preschoolers: an analysis focused on socioeconomic status variables. Occup Ther Int 2013; 20:144-54. [PMID: 23696328 DOI: 10.1002/oti.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of sensory modulation disorder (SMD) in a sample of Puerto Rican preschoolers and to examine differences in the prevalence of SMD based on socioeconomic status (SES) variables. Caregivers of children from Head Start programs and private preschools were recruited from three regions in Puerto Rico (PR) to participate in the study. Each caregiver completed a Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and a demographic data sheet. Total scores on the SSP were used to establish diagnosis of SMD. The total sample included 141 participants (response rate of 64%). Prevalence of SMD among the total PR sample (19.9%) was higher than previously reported estimates on the US mainland (5-16%). Statistical results indicated no difference in the overall prevalence of SMD based on SES. However, significant differences in scores based on caregivers' educational degree were found on the SSP sub-domain of Movement sensitivity and Under-responsive/seeks sensation; differences in scores based on caregiver household income were also found for the SSP sub-domain of Under-responsive/seeks. Although SMD appears to be prevalent in preschoolers in PR, variables associated with SES do not appear to contribute to an overall SMD diagnosis. However, additional research linking specific sub-domains of SMD to SES variables may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Román-Oyola
- Occupational Therapy Program, School of Health Professions, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
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Lawson W. Sensory connection, interest/attention and gamma synchrony in autism or autism, brain connections and preoccupation. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:284-8. [PMID: 23273907 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Does motivational interest increase gamma synchrony across neuronal networking to enable computation of related sensory inputs that might lead to greater social understanding in autism spectrum conditions (ASC)? Meaning, is it possible/likely that in autism because individuals process one aspect of sensory input at any one time (therefore missing the wider picture in general) when they are motivated/interested or attending to particular stimuli their attention window is widened due to increased gamma synchrony and they might be enabled to connect in ways that do not occur when they are not motivated? This is my current research question. If gamma synchrony is helping with the binding of information from collective sensory inputs, in ASC, when and only if the individual is motivated, then this has huge potential for how learning might be encouraged for individuals with an ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Lawson
- University of Birmingham, Dept. of Education, United Kingdom.
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28
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Sensory integration, sensory processing, and sensory modulation disorders: putative functional neuroanatomic underpinnings. THE CEREBELLUM 2012; 10:770-92. [PMID: 21630084 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-011-0288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines conditions that have variously been called sensory integration disorder, sensory processing disorder, and sensory modulation disorder (SID/SPD/SMD). As these conditions lack readily and consistently agreed-upon operational definitions, there has been confusion as to how these disorders are conceptualized. Rather than addressing various diagnostic controversies, we will instead focus upon explaining the symptoms that are believed to characterize these disorders. First, to clarify the overall context within which to view symptoms, we summarize a paradigm of adaptation characterized by continuous sensorimotor interaction with the environment. Next, we review a dual-tiered, integrated model of brain function in order to establish neuroanatomic underpinnings with which to conceptualize the symptom presentations. Generally accepted functions of the neocortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum are described to illustrate how interactions between these brain regions generate both adaptive and pathological symptoms and behaviors. We then examine the symptoms of SID/SPD/SMD within this interactive model and in relation to their impact upon the development of inhibitory control, working memory, academic skill development, and behavioral automation. We present likely etiologies for these symptoms, not only as they drive neurodevelopmental pathologies but also as they can be understood as variations in the development of neural networks.
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Koziol LF, Budding D. ADHD and Sensory Processing Disorders: Placing the Diagnostic Issues in Context. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2012; 1:137-44. [DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2012.709422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Carter AS, Ben-Sasson A, Briggs-Gowan MJ. Sensory over-responsivity, psychopathology, and family impairment in school-aged children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2011; 50:1210-9. [PMID: 22115142 PMCID: PMC5228273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the diagnostic validity of sensory overresponsivity (SOR), there is a need to document rates of SOR and the co-occurrence of SOR with other psychiatric disorders. Although this was not a diagnostic study of SOR, this study was designed to investigate rates of elevated SOR symptoms and associations between elevated SOR symptoms, psychiatric disorder status, and family impairment. METHOD From a larger birth cohort followed from infancy to school age, 338 children aged 7 to 10 years (51% boys, 49% girls) and their parents participated in an intensive assessment. Parents were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) and completed the SensOR inventory and the Family Life Impairment Scale. RESULTS Approximately one-fifth (21.2%) of children had elevated SOR symptoms. One-fourth (24.3%) of those with an elevated SOR score met criteria for a DSM-IV diagnosis, and 25.4% of children with a DSM-IV diagnosis had an elevated SOR score. Parents of children with elevated SOR alone reported a similar number of restrictions in family life as parents of those with an internalizing and/or externalizing diagnosis. SOR predicted concurrent family impairment above and beyond DSM diagnostic status and socio-demographic risk. CONCLUSIONS Elevated SOR occurs in the absence of other psychiatric conditions and is associated with impairment in family life. Services for children with comorbid elevated SOR and an externalizing disorder are needed to address the extremely high level of family impairment reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice S Carter
- Department of Psychology, The University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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