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Mollo L, Petrucciani A, Norici A. Selection of microalgae in artificial digestate: Strategies towards an effective phycoremediation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108588. [PMID: 38615438 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Digestate is a complex by-product of anaerobic digestion and its composition depends on the digestor inputs. It can be exploited as a sustainable source of nutrients for microalgae cultivation but its unbalanced composition and toxic elements make the use challenging. Screening algae in a simplified synthetic digestate which mimics the main nutrient constraints of a real digestate is proposed as a reproducible and effective method to select suitable species for real digestate valorisation and remediation. Growth performance, nutrient removal and biomass composition of eight microalgae exposed to high amounts of NH4+, PO4- and organic-C were assessed. Using a score matrix, A. protothecoides, T. obliquus, C. reinhardtii, and E. gracilis were identified as the most promising species. Thus, three strategies were applied to improve outcomes: i) establishment of an algal consortium to improve biomass production, ii) K+ addition to the medium to promote K+ uptake over NH4+ and to reduce potential NH4+ toxicity, iii) P starvation as pretreatment for enhanced P removal by luxury uptake. The consortium was able to implement a short-term response displaying higher biomass production than single species (3.77 and 1.03-1.89 mg mL-1 respectively) in synthetic digestate while maintaining similar nutrient remediation, furthermore, its growth rate was 1.6 times higher than in the control condition. However, the strategies aiming to reduce NH4+ toxicity and higher P removal were not successful except for single cases. The proposed algal screening and the resulting designed consortium were respectively a reliable method and a powerful tool towards sustainable real digestate remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mollo
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Petrucciani
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Norici
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy; CIRCC, Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi, Italy.
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2
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Buscaroli E, Lavrnić S, Blasioli S, Gentile SL, Solimando D, Mancuso G, Anconelli S, Braschi I, Toscano A. Efficient dissipation of acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor and terbuthylazine in a full-scale free water surface constructed wetland in Bologna province, Italy: A kinetic modeling study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118275. [PMID: 38246295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the dissipation ability of a vegetated free water surface (FWS) constructed wetland (CW) in treating pesticides-contaminated agricultural runoff/drainage water in a rural area belonging to Bologna province (Italy). The experiment simulated a 0.1% pesticide agricultural water runoff/drainage event from a 12.5-ha farm by dissolving acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor, and terbuthylazine in 1000 L of water and pumping it into the CW. Water and sediment samples from the CW were collected for 4 months at different time intervals to determine pesticide concentrations by multiresidue extraction and chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. In parallel, no active compounds were detected in the CW sediments during the experimental period. Pesticides dissipation in the wetland water compartment was modeled according to best data practices by fitting the data to Single First Order (SFO), First Order Multi-Compartment (FOMC) and Double First Order in Parallel (DFOP) kinetic models. SFO (except for metalaxyl), FOMC and DFOP kinetic models adequately predicted the dissipation for the four investigated molecules, with the DFOP kinetic model that better fitted the observed data. The modeled distribution of each pesticide between biomass and water in the CW highly correlated with environmental indexes as Kow and bioconcentration factor. Computed DT50 by DFOP model were 2.169, 8.019, 1.551 and 2.047 days for acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor, and terbuthylazine, respectively. Although the exact degradation mechanisms of each pesticide require further study, the FWS CW was found to be effective in treating pesticides-contaminated agricultural runoff/drainage water within an acceptable time. Therefore, this technology proved to be a valuable tool for mitigating pesticides runoff occurring after intense rain events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Buscaroli
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stevo Lavrnić
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Blasioli
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Solimando
- Consorzio di Bonifica Canale Emiliano Romagnolo, Via E. Masi 8, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancuso
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Anconelli
- Consorzio di Bonifica Canale Emiliano Romagnolo, Via E. Masi 8, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Braschi
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Attilio Toscano
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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3
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Tóth D, Kuntam S, Ferenczi Á, Vidal-Meireles A, Kovács L, Wang L, Sarkadi Z, Migh E, Szentmihályi K, Tengölics R, Neupert J, Bock R, Jonikas MC, Molnar A, Tóth SZ. Chloroplast phosphate transporter CrPHT4-7 regulates phosphate homeostasis and photosynthesis in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1646-1661. [PMID: 37962583 PMCID: PMC10904345 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, phosphorus is assimilated and utilized primarily as phosphate (Pi). Pi homeostasis is mediated by transporters that have not yet been adequately characterized in green algae. This study reports on PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 4-7 (CrPHT4-7) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a member of the PHT4 transporter family, which exhibits remarkable similarity to AtPHT4;4 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a chloroplastic ascorbate transporter. Using fluorescent protein tagging, we show that CrPHT4-7 resides in the chloroplast envelope membrane. Crpht4-7 mutants, generated by the CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated single-strand templated repair, show retarded growth, especially in high light, reduced ATP level, strong ascorbate accumulation, and diminished non-photochemical quenching in high light. On the other hand, total cellular phosphorous content was unaffected, and the phenotype of the Crpht4-7 mutants could not be alleviated by ample Pi supply. CrPHT4-7-overexpressing lines exhibit enhanced biomass accumulation under high light conditions in comparison with the wild-type strain. Expressing CrPHT4-7 in a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) strain lacking Pi transporters substantially recovered its slow growth phenotype, demonstrating that CrPHT4-7 transports Pi. Even though CrPHT4-7 shows a high degree of similarity to AtPHT4;4, it does not display any substantial ascorbate transport activity in yeast or intact algal cells. Thus, the results demonstrate that CrPHT4-7 functions as a chloroplastic Pi transporter essential for maintaining Pi homeostasis and photosynthesis in C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Tóth
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Soujanya Kuntam
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Áron Ferenczi
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - André Vidal-Meireles
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lianyong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Zsuzsa Sarkadi
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine—Biological Research Centre Metabolic Systems Biology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ede Migh
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Klára Szentmihályi
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roland Tengölics
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine—Biological Research Centre Metabolic Systems Biology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Metabolomics Lab, Core Facilities, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Juliane Neupert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Martin C Jonikas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Attila Molnar
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Szilvia Z Tóth
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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4
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Brown N, Sells M, Jayamaha N, Shilton A. Predicting phosphorus accumulation and proposing conditions needed for an algal-based phosphorus uptake process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37642365 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2252607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Algal-based waste stabilisation ponds (WSP) are a common wastewater treatment system for small communities but have poor phosphorus removal. Under certain conditions algae in WSPs will perform 'luxury uptake' increasing their phosphorus content to over 3% (gP/gSS) by storing polyphosphate. For the first time in the literature this paper presents a systematic study which determines the conditions needed to maximise phosphorus accumulation within WSP biomass taking into account the interactions between key variables. The key variables of temperature, phosphorus concentration, light intensity, mixing intensity, organic load, and pH were evaluated in 40 batch factorial experiments using a WSP algal culture. All six variables examined had significant main effects or interactions on the phosphorus content of the biomass. These were incorporated into a regression equation which was successfully validated against independent data sets from the literature. The conditions required to maximise the phosphorus content of the biomass were predicted for both summer (high light and high temperature) and winter (low light and low temperature) scenarios. The required conditions were revealed to be high phosphorus concentration, high mixing intensity, no supplementary CO2 addition, and low organic load. Interestingly, these conditions were consistent for both summer and winter suggesting that year-round treatment is possible. Practical methods of achieving these conditions were proposed. While further work will be needed to evaluate the effect of growth and potential influence of algal species, the findings presented provide a vital step towards developing a new phosphorus removal treatment process based on an enhanced understanding of environmental biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Brown
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Sells
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nihal Jayamaha
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Shilton
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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5
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Carvalho VCF, Fradinho JC, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. Long term operation of a phototrophic biological nutrient removal system: Impact of CO 2 concentration and light exposure on process performance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 334:117490. [PMID: 36801686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of non-aerated microalgae-bacterial consortia for phototrophic biological nutrient removal (photo-BNR) has emerged as an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment. Photo-BNR systems are operated under transient illumination, with alternating dark-anaerobic, light-aerobic and dark-anoxic conditions. A deep understanding of the impact of operational parameters on the microbial consortium and respective nutrient removal efficiency in photo-BNR systems is required. The present study evaluates, for the first time, the long-term operation (260 days) of a photo-BNR system, fed with a COD:N:P mass ratio of 7.5:1:1, to understand its operational limitations. In particular, different CO2 concentrations in the feed (between 22 and 60 mg C/L of Na2CO3) and variations of light exposure (from 2.75 h to 5.25 h per 8 h cycle) were studied to determine their impact on key parameters, like oxygen production and availability of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), on the performance of anoxic denitrification by polyphosphate accumulating organisms. Results indicate that oxygen production was more dependent on the light availability than on the CO2 concentration. Also, under operational conditions with a COD:Na2CO3 ratio of 8.3 mg COD/mg C and an average light availability of 5.4 ± 1.3 W h/g TSS, no internal PHA limitation was observed, and 95 ± 7%, 92 ± 5% and 86 ± 5% of removal efficiency could be achieved for phosphorus, ammonia and total nitrogen, respectively. 81 ± 1.7% of the ammonia was assimilated into the microbial biomass and 19 ± 1.7% was nitrified, showing that biomass assimilation was the main N removal mechanism taking place in the bioreactor. Overall, the photo-BNR system presented a good settling capacity (SVI ∼60 mL/g TSS) and was able to remove 38 ± 3.3 mg P/L and 33 ± 1.7 mg N/L, highlighting its potential for achieving wastewater treatment without the need of aeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C F Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - J C Fradinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - A Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - M A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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6
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Plouviez M, Bolot P, Shilton A, Guieysse B. Phosphorus uptake and accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Influence of biomass concentration, phosphate concentration, phosphorus depletion time, and light supply. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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7
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Wang L, Jia X, Xu L, Yu J, Ren S, Yang Y, Wang K, López-Arredondo D, Herrera-Estrella L, Lambers H, Yi K. Engineering microalgae for water phosphorus recovery to close the phosphorus cycle. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023. [PMID: 36920783 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a finite and non-renewable resource, phosphorus (P) is essential to all life and crucial for crop growth and food production. The boosted agricultural use and associated loss of P to the aquatic environment are increasing environmental pollution, harming ecosystems, and threatening future global food security. Thus, recovering and reusing P from water bodies is urgently needed to close the P cycle. As a natural, eco-friendly, and sustainable reclamation strategy, microalgae-based biological P recovery is considered a promising solution. However, the low P-accumulation capacity and P-removal efficiency of algal bioreactors restrict its application. Herein, it is demonstrated that manipulating genes involved in cellular P accumulation and signalling could triple the Chlamydomonas P-storage capacity to ~7% of dry biomass, which is the highest P concentration in plants to date. Furthermore, the engineered algae could recover P from wastewater almost three times faster than the unengineered one, which could be directly used as a P fertilizer. Thus, engineering genes involved in cellular P accumulation and signalling in microalgae could be a promising strategy to enhance P uptake and accumulation, which have the potential to accelerate the application of algae for P recovery from the water body and closing the P cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianqing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suna Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Damar López-Arredondo
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (UGA), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Keke Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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The proteome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during phosphorus depletion and repletion. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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9
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Plouviez M, Oliveira da Rocha C, Guieysse B. Intracellular polyphosphate is a P reserve in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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Niu L, Hu J, Li Y, Wang C, Zhang W, Hu Q, Wang L, Zhang H. Effects of long-term exposure to silver nanoparticles on the structure and function of microplastic biofilms in eutrophic water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112182. [PMID: 34648762 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are frequently detected in natural aquatic systems proximate to populated areas, such as urban rivers and lakes, and can be rapidly colonized by microbial communities. Microplastics and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) share similar pathways into natural waters and tend to form heteroaggregations. However, very little is known about the long-term impacts on the structure and function of microplastic biofilms when chronically exposed to silver nanoparticles. Thus, the present study assessed the accumulation property of AgNPs on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microplastics via adsorption tests and studied the chronic effects of AgNPs on the structure and function of microplastic biofilms via 30-day microcosmic experiments in eutrophic water. The adsorption tests showed that the biofilms-colonized PMMA microplastics presented the highest adsorption of 0.98 mg/g in the 1 mg/L AgNPs microcosms. After the 30-day exposure, lactic dehydrogenase release and reactive oxygen species generation of PMMA biofilms increased by 33.23% and 23.98% compared to the MPs-control group with no-AgNPs, indicating that the number of dead cells colonizing microplastics significantly increased. Network analysis suggested that the stabilization of the bacterial community declined with the long-term exposure to AgNPs through the reduction of the modularity and average path length of the network. Compared to the MPs-control group, long-term exposure to AgNPs caused cumulatively inhibitory effects on the nitrogen removal and the N2O emissions in eutrophic water. The isotopomer analysis revealed that the contribution rate of NO2- reduction to N2O emissions was gradually increasing with the AgNPs exposure. Real-time PCR analysis showed that denitrification genes were less sensitive to AgNPs than the nitrification genes, with gene nosZ performed the most negligible response. Overall, our results revealed that long-term exposure to AgNPs could alter biogeochemical cycling involved by microplastic biofilms and cumulatively reduce the self-recovery of the eutrophic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jiaxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Qing Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Huanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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11
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Diffuse Water Pollution from Agriculture: A Review of Nature-Based Solutions for Nitrogen Removal and Recovery. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13141893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) can be a suitable and sustainable approach to coping with environmental issues related to diffuse water pollution from agriculture. NBSs exploit natural mitigation processes that can promote the removal of different contaminants from agricultural wastewater, and they can also enable the recovery of otherwise lost resources (i.e., nutrients). Among these, nitrogen impacts different ecosystems, resulting in serious environmental and human health issues. Recent research activities have investigated the capability of NBS to remove nitrogen from polluted water. However, the regulating mechanisms for nitrogen removal can be complex, since a wide range of decontamination pathways, such as plant uptake, microbial degradation, substrate adsorption and filtration, precipitation, sedimentation, and volatilization, can be involved. Investigating these processes is beneficial for the enhancement of the performance of NBSs. The present study provides a comprehensive review of factors that can influence nitrogen removal in different types of NBSs, and the possible strategies for nitrogen recovery that have been reported in the literature.
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12
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Mogollón JM, Bouwman AF, Beusen AHW, Lassaletta L, van Grinsven HJM, Westhoek H. More efficient phosphorus use can avoid cropland expansion. NATURE FOOD 2021; 2:509-518. [PMID: 37117673 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Global projections indicate that approximately 500 Mha of new arable land will be required to meet crop demand by 2050. Applying a dynamic phosphorus (P) pool simulator under different socioeconomic scenarios, we find that cropland expansion can be avoided with less than 7% additional cumulative P fertilizer over 2006-2050 when comparing with cropland expansion scenarios, mostly targeted at nutrient-depleted soils of sub-Saharan Africa. Additional P fertilizer would replenish P withdrawn from crop production, thereby allowing higher productivity levels. We also show that further agronomic improvements such as those that allow for better (legacy) P use in soils could reduce both P outflows to freshwater and coastal ecosystems and the overall demand for P fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Mogollón
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Alexander F Bouwman
- Department of Earth Sciences - Geochemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Arthur H W Beusen
- Department of Earth Sciences - Geochemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Luis Lassaletta
- CEIGRAM/Department of Agricultural Production, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Henk Westhoek
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands
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13
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Wang L, Amelung W, Willbold S. 18O Isotope Labeling Combined with 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Accurate Quantification of Hydrolyzable Phosphorus Species in Environmental Samples. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2018-2025. [PMID: 33393290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra can be biased due to the hydrolysis of labile P species during sample treatment and NMR analysis. This paper offers an approach to circumvent this problem by performing sample preparation and analysis in 18O-enriched medium. Heavy 18O isotope atoms were introduced into the resulting artificial hydrolysis products. The NMR signal of 18O-labeled P was shifted upfield relative to the unlabeled P nuclei in natural metabolites. This isotope shift enabled an immediate differentiation of artificial hydrolysis products from natural metabolites. Moreover, the hydrolysis products could be accurately quantified. Our data suggest that the extent to which artificial hydrolysis alters NMR spectra varies among different types of environmental samples. For instance, 72-84% of the detected monoesters in the organic soils of this study were actually artificially hydrolyzed diesters. By contrast, artificial hydrolysis products in the mineral soils used for this study accounted for less than 6% of the total monoesters. Polyphosphate was also hydrolyzed to yield 18O-labeled products in algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wulf Amelung
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nußallee 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabine Willbold
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Mau L, Kant J, Walker R, Kuchendorf CM, Schrey SD, Roessner U, Watt M. Wheat Can Access Phosphorus From Algal Biomass as Quickly and Continuously as From Mineral Fertilizer. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:631314. [PMID: 33584779 PMCID: PMC7879783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.631314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Algae can efficiently take up excess nutrients from waterways, making them a valuable resource potentially capable of replacing synthesized and mined fertilizers for agriculture. The capacity of algae to fertilize crops has been quantified, but it is not known how the algae-derived nutrients become available to plants. We aimed to address this question: what are the temporal dynamics of plant growth responses to algal biomass? to better propose mechanisms by which plants acquire nutrients from algal biomass and thereby study and promote those processes in future agricultural applications. Data from various sources were transformed and used to reconstruct the nutrient release from the algae Chlorella vulgaris and subsequent uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (as reported in Schreiber et al., 2018). Plants had received 0.1x or 1x dried algae or wet algae, or zero, 0.1x or 1x mineral fertilizer calculated from agricultural practices for P application and grown to 55 days in three soils. Contents of P and other nutrients acquired from algae were as high as from mineral fertilizer, but varied based on moisture content and amount of algae applied to soils (by 55 days after sowing plants with 1x mineral fertilizer and 1x dried algae had 5.6 mg P g DWshoot; 2.2-fold more than those with 0 or 0.1x mineral fertilizer, 0.1x dried algae and wet algae, and 1x wet algae). Absolute and relative leaf area growth and estimated P uptake rates showed similar dynamics, indicating that wheat acquires P from algae quickly. A model proposes that algal fertilizer promotes wheat growth after rapid transformation in soil to inorganic nutrients. We conclude theoretically that phosphorus from algal biomass is available to wheat seedlings upon its application and is released gradually over time with minor differences related to moisture content on application. The growth and P uptake kinetics hint at nutrient forms, including N, and biomass stimulation worthy of research to further exploit algae in sustainable agriculture practices. Temporal resolved phenotype analyses in combination with a mass-balance approach is helpful for understanding resource uptake from recycled and biofertilizer sources by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mau
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Josefine Kant
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Walker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina M. Kuchendorf
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Silvia D. Schrey
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Watt
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Garrido-Amador P, Kniaziuk M, Vekeman B, Kartal B. Learning from microorganisms: using new insights in microbial physiology for sustainable nitrogen management. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 67:42-48. [PMID: 33444876 PMCID: PMC8012881 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To reduce nitrate to N2 distinct nitrogen-oxide-reducing microorganisms function together. Detecting nirS, nirK or narG genes cannot be directly linked to NO and N2O emission. Nitrogen-oxide-reducing specialists can be exploited to reduce NO and N2O emission from wwtp. Aerobic methanotrophs and methane stripping must be considered for the application of N-DAMO. Ammonium recovery could be a more sustainable alternative to nitrogen removal.
Diverse nitrogen-transforming microorganisms with a wide variety of physiological properties are employed for biological nitrogen removal from wastewater. There are many technologies that achieve the required nitrogen discharge standards; however, greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption constitute the bulk of the environmental footprint of wastewater treatment plants. In this review, we highlight current and proposed approaches aiming to achieve more energy-efficient and environment-friendly biological nitrogen removal, discuss whether new discoveries in microbial physiology of nitrogen-transforming microorganisms could be used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and summarize recent advances in ammonium recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Garrido-Amador
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Margarita Kniaziuk
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Bram Vekeman
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Boran Kartal
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
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16
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Thermochemical Treatment of Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA)—Potential and Perspective in Poland. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13205461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from sewage sludge ash (SSA) is one of the most promising approaches of phosphate rock substitution in mineral fertilizers and might be a sustainable way to secure supply of this raw material in the future. In the current investigation, the process of thermochemical treatment of SSA was applied to SSA coming from selected mono-incineration plants of municipal sewage sludge in Poland (Cracow, Gdansk, Gdynia, Lodz, Kielce and Szczecin). The Polish SSA was thermochemically converted in the presence of sodium (Na) additives and a reducing agent (dried sewage sludge) to obtain secondary raw materials for the production of marketable P fertilizers. The process had a positive impact on the bioavailability of phosphorus and reduced the content of heavy metals in the obtained products. The P solubility in neutral ammonium citrate, an indicator of its bioavailability, was significantly raised from 19.7–45.7% in the raw ashes and 76.5–100% in the thermochemically treated SSA. The content of nutrients in the recyclates was in the range of 15.7–19.2% P2O5, 10.8–14.2% CaO, 3.5–5.4% Na2O, 2.6–3.6% MgO and 0.9–1.3% K2O. The produced fertilizer raw materials meet the Polish norms for trace elements covered by the legislation: the content of lead was in the range 10.2–73.1 mg/kg, arsenic 4.8–22.7 mg/kg, cadmium 0.9–2.8 mg/kg and mercury <0.05 mg/kg. Thus, these products could be potentially directly used for fertilizer production. This work also includes an analysis of the possibilities of using ashes for fertilizer purposes in Poland, based on the assumptions indicated in the adopted strategic and planning documents regarding waste management and fertilizer production.
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Perspectives on Microalgal Biofilm Systems with Respect to Integration into Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Phosphorus Scarcity. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12082245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the non-renewable natural resources. High concentration of phosphorus in surface water leads to undesirable eutrophication of the water ecosystem. It is therefore necessary to develop new technologies not only for capturing phosphorus from wastewater but also for phosphorus recovery. The aim of the study was to propose three different integration scenarios for a microalgal biofilm system for phosphorus removal in medium and small wastewater treatment plants, including a comparison of area requirements, a crucial factor in practical application of microalgal biofilm systems. The area requirements of a microalgal biofilm system range from 2.3 to 3.2 m2 per person equivalent. The total phosphorus uptake seems to be feasible for construction and integration of microalgal biofilm systems into small wastewater treatment plants. Application of a microalgal biofilm for phosphorus recovery can be considered one of the more promising technologies related to capturing CO2 and releasing of O2 into the atmosphere.
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18
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Luo P, Tong X, Liu F, Huang M, Xu J, Xiao R, Wu J. Nutrients release and greenhouse gas emission during decomposition of Myriophyllum aquaticum in a sediment-water system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114015. [PMID: 31991363 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic macrophytes play a significant role in nutrients removal in constructed wetlands, yet nutrients could be re-released due to plant debris decomposition. In this study, Myriophyllum aquaticum was used as a model plant debris and three debris biomass levels of 3 g, 9 g dry biomass, and 20 g fresh biomass (D3, D9, and F20, respectively) were used to simulate 120-d plant debris decomposition in a sediment-water system. The biomass first-order decomposition rate constants of D3, D9, and F20 treatments were 0.0058, 0.0117, and 0.0201 d-1, respectively with no significant difference of decomposition rate among three mass groups (p > 0.05). Plant debris decomposition decreased nitrate and total nitrogen concentrations but increased ammonium, organic nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in overlying water. The parallel factor analysis confirms that three components of DOC in overlying water changed over decomposition time. Emission fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide in the plant debris treatments were several to thousands of times higher than the control group within the initial 0-45 d, which was mainly attributed to DOC released from the plant debris. Plant debris decomposition can affect the gas emission fluxes for relatively shorter time (30-60 d) than water quality (>120 d). The 16S rRNA, nirK, nirS and hazA gene abundance increased in the early stage for plant debris treatments, and then decreased to the end of 120-d incubation time while ammonia monooxygenase α-subunit A gene abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria had no large variations during the entire decay time compared with no plant debris treatment. The results demonstrate that decomposition of M. aquaticum debris could affect greenhouse gas emission fluxes and microbial gene abundance in the sediment-water system besides overlying water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Xiong Tong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; Huaxin Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Min Huang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Runlin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jinshui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Lee YJ, Lei Z. Microalgal-bacterial aggregates for wastewater treatment: A mini-review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Wang L, Kuchendorf C, Willbold S. Determination of individual chain length and chain-length distribution of polyphosphates in microalgae by 31P-DOSY-NMR. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Ekperusi AO, Sikoki FD, Nwachukwu EO. Application of common duckweed (Lemna minor) in phytoremediation of chemicals in the environment: State and future perspective. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:285-309. [PMID: 30784736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 50 years, different strategies have been developed for the remediation of polluted air, land and water. Driven by public opinion and regulatory bottlenecks, ecological based strategies are preferable than conventional methods in the treatments of chemical effluents. Ecological systems with the application of microbes, fungi, earthworms, plants, enzymes, electrode and nanoparticles have been applied to varying degrees in different media for the remediation of various categories of pollutants. Aquatic macrophytes have been used extensively for the remediation of pollutants in wastewater effluents and aquatic environment over the past 30 years with the common duckweed (L. minor) as one of the most effective macrophytes that have been applied for remediation studies. Duckweed has shown strong potentials for the phytoremediation of organic pollutants, heavy metals, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, radioactive waste, nanomaterials, petroleum hydrocarbons, dyes, toxins, and related pollutants. This review covers the state of duckweed application for the remediation of diverse aquatic pollutants and identifies gaps that are necessary for further studies as we find pragmatic and sound ecological solutions for the remediation of polluted environment for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham O Ekperusi
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemicals Research, Institute of Petroleum Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Marine Environment & Pollution Control, Faculty of Marine Environmental Management, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria.
| | - Francis D Sikoki
- Department of Animal & Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Eunice O Nwachukwu
- Department of Plant Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
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22
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Campos JL, Crutchik D, Franchi Ó, Pavissich JP, Belmonte M, Pedrouso A, Mosquera-Corral A, Val del Río Á. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Recovery From Anaerobically Pretreated Agro-Food Wastes: A Review. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2018.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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23
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Adsorption Behavior of Inorganic and Organic Phosphate by Iron Manganese Plaques on Reed Roots in Wetlands. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10124578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic and organic phosphate adsorption by iron–manganese (Fe–Mn) plaques extracted from reed roots was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the roots had rough surfaces and fine particles attached. X-ray photoelectron spectra indicated that Fe and Mn in the Fe–Mn plaques were mainly in the +III and +IV oxidation states, respectively. The contact time, initial phosphate concentration, and temperature effects on inorganic and organic phosphate adsorption were investigated by performing batch tests. Pseudo-second-order model described inorganic and organic phosphate adsorption, indicating the chemisorption was the dominant adsorption process. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted to the equilibrium data, and the Langmuir model fitted best. The maximum inorganic and organic phosphate adsorption capacities at 298 K were 7.69 and 3.66 mg/g, respectively. The inorganic and organic phosphate adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic. The inorganic phosphate adsorption capacity was higher than the organic phosphate adsorption capacity, and the presence of organic phosphate did not negatively affect adsorption at inorganic to organic phosphate molar ratios between 1:1 and 3:1. Fourier-transform infrared spectra before and after adsorption showed abundant functional groups on Fe–Mn plaques and that phosphate was probably adsorbed via replacement of hydroxyl groups and inner-sphere surface complexation.
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24
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Effects of fungal-assisted algal harvesting through biopellet formation on pesticides in water. Biodegradation 2018; 29:557-565. [PMID: 30171388 PMCID: PMC6245101 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated the potential of using filamentous fungi to form pellets with microalgae (biopellets), in order to facilitate harvesting of microalgae from water following algae-based treatment of wastewater. In parallel, there is a need to develop techniques for removing organic pollutants such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals from wastewater. In experiments using the microalga Chlorella vulgaris, the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger and biopellets composed of these microorganisms, this study investigated whether fungal-assisted algal harvesting can also remove pesticides from contaminated water. A mixture of 38 pesticides was tested and the concentrations of 17 of these were found to be reduced significantly in the biopellet treatment, compared with the control. After harvesting, the concentration of total pesticides in the algal treatment did not differ significantly from that in the control. However, in the fungal treatment and biopellet treatment, the concentration was significantly lower (59.6 ± 2.0 µg/L and 56.1 ± 2.8 µg/L, respectively) than in the control (66.6 ± 1.0 µg/L). Thus fungal-assisted algal harvesting through biopellet formation can also provide scope for removing organic pollutants from wastewater, with removal mainly being performed by the fungus.
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25
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Rasouli Z, Valverde-Pérez B, D’Este M, De Francisci D, Angelidaki I. Nutrient recovery from industrial wastewater as single cell protein by a co-culture of green microalgae and methanotrophs. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Luo P, Liu F, Zhang S, Li H, Yao R, Jiang Q, Xiao R, Wu J. Nitrogen removal and recovery from lagoon-pretreated swine wastewater by constructed wetlands under sustainable plant harvesting management. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 258:247-254. [PMID: 29533884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of three-stage pilot-scale surface flow constructed wetlands (CWs) planted with Myriophyllum aquaticum were fed with three strengths of lagoon-pretreated swine wastewater to study nitrogen (N) removal and recovery under sustainable plant harvesting management. The CWs had mean removal efficiency of 87.7-97.9% for NH4+-N and 85.4-96.1% for total N (TN). The recovered TN mass via multiple harvests of M. aquaticum was greatest (120-222 g N m-2 yr-1) when TN concentrations were 21.8-282 mg L-1. The harvested TN mass accounted for 0.85-100% of the total removal in the different CW units. Based on mass balance estimation, plant uptake, sediment storage, and microbial removal accounted for 13.0-55.0%, 4.9-8.0%, and 33.0-67.5% of TN loading mass, respectively. The results of this study confirm that M. aquaticum is appropriate for the removal and recovery of nutrients in CW systems designed for treating swine wastewater in conjunction with sustainable plant harvesting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Shunan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ran Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianwen Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Runlin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jinshui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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27
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Deposition of manure nutrients in a novel mycoalgae biofilm for Nutrient management. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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28
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Temmink RJM, Harpenslager SF, Smolders AJP, van Dijk G, Peters RCJH, Lamers LPM, van Kempen MML. Azolla along a phosphorus gradient: biphasic growth response linked to diazotroph traits and phosphorus-induced iron chlorosis. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29535346 PMCID: PMC5849758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Azolla spp., a water fern often used for phytoremediation, is a strong phosphorus (P) accumulator due to its high growth rate and N2 fixing symbionts (diazotrophs). It is known that plant growth is stimulated by P, but the nature of the interactive response of both symbionts along a P gradient, and related changes in growth-limiting factors, are unclear. We determined growth, and N and P sequestration rates of Azolla filiculoides in N-free water at different P concentrations. The growth response appeared to be biphasic and highest at levels ≥10 P µmol l−1. Diazotrophic N sequestration increased upon P addition, and rates were three times higher at high P than at low P. At 10 µmol P l−1, N sequestration rates reached its maximum and A. filiculoides growth became saturated. Due to luxury consumption, P sequestration rates increased until 50 µmol P l−1. At higher P concentrations (≥50 µmol l−1), however, chlorosis occurred that seems to be caused by iron- (Fe-), and not by N-deficiency. We demonstrate that traits of the complete symbiosis in relation to P and Fe availability determine plant performance, stressing the role of nutrient stoichiometry. The results are discussed regarding Azolla’s potential use in a bio-based economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph J M Temmink
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sarah F Harpenslager
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alfons J P Smolders
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,B-WARE Research Centre, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Dijk
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,B-WARE Research Centre, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy C J H Peters
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leon P M Lamers
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,B-WARE Research Centre, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M L van Kempen
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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29
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Xu F, Khalaf A, Sheets J, Ge X, Keener H, Li Y. Phosphorus Removal and Recovery From Anaerobic Digestion Residues. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Van Den Hende S, Rodrigues A, Hamaekers H, Sonnenholzner S, Vervaeren H, Boon N. Microalgal bacterial flocs treating paper mill effluent: A sunlight-based approach for removing carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium. N Biotechnol 2017; 39:1-10. [PMID: 28385669 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) effluent from a paper mill in aerated activated sludge reactors involves high aeration costs. Moreover, this calcium-rich effluent leads to problematic scale formation. Therefore, a novel strategy for the aerobic treatment of paper mill UASB effluent in microalgal bacterial floc sequencing batch reactors (MaB-floc SBRs) is proposed, in which oxygen is provided via photosynthesis, and calcium is removed via bio-mineralization. Based on the results of batch experiments in the course of this study, a MaB-floc SBR was operated at an initial neutral pH. This SBR removed 58±21% organic carbon, 27±8% inorganic carbon, 77±5% nitrogen, 73±2% phosphorus, and 27±11% calcium. MaB-flocs contained 10±3% calcium, including biologically-influenced calcite crystals. The removal of calcium and inorganic carbon by MaB-flocs significantly decreased when inhibiting extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA), an enzyme that catalyses the hydration and dehydration of CO2. This study demonstrates the potential of MaB-floc SBRs for the alternative treatment of calcium-rich paper mill effluent, and highlights the importance of extracellular CA in this treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Den Hende
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(2); Laboratory of Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(3); ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (CENAIM), Campus Gustavo Galindo, Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador(4); ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador(5).
| | - André Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(3); Centre for the Study of Education, Technologies and Health (CSETH), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Av. J. M. Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal(6).
| | - Helen Hamaekers
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium(7).
| | - Stanislaus Sonnenholzner
- ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (CENAIM), Campus Gustavo Galindo, Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador(4).
| | - Han Vervaeren
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(3); Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resources (CAPTURE), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(8).
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(2).
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Unc A, Monfet E, Potter A, Camargo-Valero M, Smith S. Note to Editor: Microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment and biofuel production: a bibliographic overview of past and current trends. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Brouwer P, Bräutigam A, Buijs VA, Tazelaar AOE, van der Werf A, Schlüter U, Reichart GJ, Bolger A, Usadel B, Weber APM, Schluepmann H. Metabolic Adaptation, a Specialized Leaf Organ Structure and Vascular Responses to Diurnal N 2 Fixation by Nostoc azollae Sustain the Astonishing Productivity of Azolla Ferns without Nitrogen Fertilizer. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:442. [PMID: 28408911 PMCID: PMC5374210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture demands reduced input of man-made nitrogen (N) fertilizer, yet N2 fixation limits the productivity of crops with heterotrophic diazotrophic bacterial symbionts. We investigated floating ferns from the genus Azolla that host phototrophic diazotrophic Nostoc azollae in leaf pockets and belong to the fastest growing plants. Experimental production reported here demonstrated N-fertilizer independent production of nitrogen-rich biomass with an annual yield potential per ha of 1200 kg-1 N fixed and 35 t dry biomass. 15N2 fixation peaked at noon, reaching 0.4 mg N g-1 dry weight h-1. Azolla ferns therefore merit consideration as protein crops in spite of the fact that little is known about the fern's physiology to enable domestication. To gain an understanding of their nitrogen physiology, analyses of fern diel transcript profiles under differing nitrogen fertilizer regimes were combined with microscopic observations. Results established that the ferns adapted to the phototrophic N2-fixing symbionts N. azollae by (1) adjusting metabolically to nightly absence of N supply using responses ancestral to ferns and seed plants; (2) developing a specialized xylem-rich vasculature surrounding the leaf-pocket organ; (3) responding to N-supply by controlling transcripts of genes mediating nutrient transport, allocation and vasculature development. Unlike other non-seed plants, the Azolla fern clock is shown to contain both the morning and evening loops; the evening loop is known to control rhythmic gene expression in the vasculature of seed plants and therefore may have evolved along with the vasculature in the ancestor of ferns and seed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brouwer
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorf, Germany
| | - Valerie A. Buijs
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne O. E. Tazelaar
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Urte Schlüter
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Anthony Bolger
- Institute for Botany and Molecular Genetics, Bioeconomy Science Center, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen, Germany
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute for Botany and Molecular Genetics, Bioeconomy Science Center, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen, Germany
| | - Andreas P. M. Weber
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henriette Schluepmann
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
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Wang JH, Zhang TY, Dao GH, Xu XQ, Wang XX, Hu HY. Microalgae-based advanced municipal wastewater treatment for reuse in water bodies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2659-2675. [PMID: 28213735 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reuse of secondary municipal effluent from wastewater treatment plants in water bodies could effectively alleviate freshwater resource shortage. However, excessive nutrients must be efficiently removed to prevent eutrophication. Compared with other means of advanced wastewater treatment, microalgae-based processes display overwhelming advantages including efficient and simultaneous N and P removal, no requirement of additional chemicals, O2 generation, CO2 mitigation, and potential value-added products from harvested biomass. One particular challenge of microalgae-based advanced municipal wastewater treatment compared to treatment of other types of wastewater is that concentrations of nutrients and N:P ratios in secondary municipal effluent are much lower and imbalanced. Therefore, there should be comprehensive considerations on nutrient removal from this specific type of effluent. Removal of nutrients and organic substances, and other environmental benefits of microalgae-based advanced municipal wastewater treatment systems were summarized. Among the existing studies on microalgal advanced nutrient removal, much information on major parameters is absent, rendering performances between studies not really comparable. Mechanisms of microalgae-based nitrogen and phosphorus removal were respectively analyzed to better understand advanced nutrient removal from municipal secondary effluent. Factors influencing microalgae-based nutrient removal were divided into intrinsic, environmental, and operational categories; several factors were identified in each category, and their influences on microalgal nutrient removal were discussed. A multiplicative kinetic model was integrated to estimate microalgal growth-related nutrient removal based majorly on environmental and intrinsic factors. Limitations and prospects of future full-scale microalgae-based advanced municipal wastewater treatment were also suggested. The manuscript could offer much valuable information for future studies on microalgae-based advanced wastewater treatment and water reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Han Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yuan Zhang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Dao
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiao Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiong Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong -Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China. .,Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Valverde-Pérez B, Wágner DS, Lóránt B, Gülay A, Smets BF, Plósz BG. Short-sludge age EBPR process - Microbial and biochemical process characterisation during reactor start-up and operation. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 104:320-329. [PMID: 27570133 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The new paradigm for used water treatment suggests the use of short solid retention times (SRT) to minimize organic substrate mineralization and to maximize resource recovery. However, little is known about the microbes and the underlying biogeochemical mechanisms driving these short-SRT systems. In this paper, we report the start-up and operation of a short-SRT enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system operated as a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with preclarified municipal wastewater, which is supplemented with propionate. The microbial community was analysed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. During start-up (SRT = 8 d), the EBPR was removing up to 99% of the influent phosphate and completely oxidized the incoming ammonia. Furthermore, the sludge showed excellent settling properties. However, once the SRT was shifted to 3.5 days nitrification was inhibited and bacteria of the Thiothrix taxon proliferated in the reactor, thereby leading to filamentous bulking (sludge volume index up to SVI = 1100 mL/g). Phosphorus removal deteriorated during this period, likely due to the out-competition of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) by sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB). Subsequently, SRB activity was suppressed by reducing the anaerobic SRT from 1.2 day to 0.68 day, with a consequent rapid SVI decrease to ∼200 ml/g. The short-SRT EBPR effectively removed phosphate and nitrification was mitigated at SRT = 3 days and oxygen levels ranging from 2 to 3 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Valverde-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Dorottya S Wágner
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bálint Lóránt
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arda Gülay
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- Department of Environmental Engineering (DTU Environment), Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Mukherjee C, Chowdhury R, Sutradhar T, Begam M, Ghosh SM, Basak SK, Ray K. Parboiled rice effluent: A wastewater niche for microalgae and cyanobacteria with growth coupled to comprehensive remediation and phosphorus biofertilization. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wágner DS, Valverde-Pérez B, Sæbø M, Bregua de la Sotilla M, Van Wagenen J, Smets BF, Plósz BG. Towards a consensus-based biokinetic model for green microalgae - The ASM-A. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:485-499. [PMID: 27525381 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation of microalgae in open ponds and closed photobioreactors (PBRs) using wastewater resources offers an opportunity for biochemical nutrient recovery. Effective reactor system design and process control of PBRs requires process models. Several models with different complexities have been developed to predict microalgal growth. However, none of these models can effectively describe all the relevant processes when microalgal growth is coupled with nutrient removal and recovery from wastewaters. Here, we present a mathematical model developed to simulate green microalgal growth (ASM-A) using the systematic approach of the activated sludge modelling (ASM) framework. The process model - identified based on a literature review and using new experimental data - accounts for factors influencing photoautotrophic and heterotrophic microalgal growth, nutrient uptake and storage (i.e. Droop model) and decay of microalgae. Model parameters were estimated using laboratory-scale batch and sequenced batch experiments using the novel Latin Hypercube Sampling based Simplex (LHSS) method. The model was evaluated using independent data obtained in a 24-L PBR operated in sequenced batch mode. Identifiability of the model was assessed. The model can effectively describe microalgal biomass growth, ammonia and phosphate concentrations as well as the phosphorus storage using a set of average parameter values estimated with the experimental data. A statistical analysis of simulation and measured data suggests that culture history and substrate availability can introduce significant variability on parameter values for predicting the reaction rates for bulk nitrate and the intracellularly stored nitrogen state-variables, thereby requiring scenario specific model calibration. ASM-A was identified using standard cultivation medium and it can provide a platform for extensions accounting for factors influencing algal growth and nutrient storage using wastewater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya S Wágner
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Borja Valverde-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Mariann Sæbø
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marta Bregua de la Sotilla
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Van Wagenen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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37
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Phosphorus from wastewater to crops: An alternative path involving microalgae. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:550-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Chowdhury RB, Chakraborty P. Magnitude of anthropogenic phosphorus storage in the agricultural production and the waste management systems at the regional and country scales. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15929-15940. [PMID: 27278065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Based on a systematic review of 17 recent substance flow analyses of phosphorus (P) at the regional and country scales, this study presents an assessment of the magnitude of anthropogenic P storage in the agricultural production and the waste management systems to identify the potential for minimizing unnecessary P storage to reduce the input of P as mineral fertilizer and the loss of P. The assessment indicates that in case of all (6) P flow analyses at the regional scale, the combined mass of annual P storage in the agricultural production and the waste management systems is greater than 50 % of the mass of annual P inflow as mineral fertilizer in the agricultural production system, while this is close to or more than 100 % in case of half of these analyses. At the country scale, in case of the majority (7 out of 11) of analyses, the combined mass of annual P storage in the agricultural production and the waste management systems has been found to be roughly equivalent or greater than 100 % of the mass of annual P inflow as mineral fertilizer in the agricultural production system, while it ranged from 30 to 60 % in the remaining analyses. A simple scenario analysis has revealed that the annual storage of P in this manner over 100 years could result in the accumulation of a massive amount of P in the agricultural production and the waste management systems at both the regional and country scales. This study suggests that sustainable P management initiatives at the regional and country scales should put more emphasis on minimizing unwanted P storage in the agricultural production and the waste management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Biswas Chowdhury
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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39
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Fang LL, Valverde-Pérez B, Damgaard A, Plósz BG, Rygaard M. Life cycle assessment as development and decision support tool for wastewater resource recovery technology. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:538-549. [PMID: 26540509 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been increasingly used in the field of wastewater treatment where the focus has been to identify environmental trade-offs of current technologies. In a novel approach, we use LCA to support early stage research and development of a biochemical system for wastewater resource recovery. The freshwater and nutrient content of wastewater are recognized as potential valuable resources that can be recovered for beneficial reuse. Both recovery and reuse are intended to address existing environmental concerns, for example, water scarcity and use of non-renewable phosphorus. However, the resource recovery may come at the cost of unintended environmental impacts. One promising recovery system, referred to as TRENS, consists of an enhanced biological phosphorus removal and recovery system (EBP2R) connected to a photobioreactor. Based on a simulation of a full-scale nutrient and water recovery system in its potential operating environment, we assess the potential environmental impacts of such a system using the EASETECH model. In the simulation, recovered water and nutrients are used in scenarios of agricultural irrigation-fertilization and aquifer recharge. In these scenarios, TRENS reduces global warming up to 15% and marine eutrophication impacts up to 9% compared to conventional treatment. This is due to the recovery and reuse of nutrient resources, primarily nitrogen. The key environmental concerns obtained through the LCA are linked to increased human toxicity impacts from the chosen end use of wastewater recovery products. The toxicity impacts are from both heavy metals release associated with land application of recovered nutrients and production of AlCl3, which is required for advanced wastewater treatment prior to aquifer recharge. Perturbation analysis of the LCA pinpointed nutrient substitution and heavy metals content of algae biofertilizer as critical areas for further research if the performance of nutrient recovery systems such as TRENS is to be better characterized. Our study provides valuable feedback to the TRENS developers and identifies the importance of system expansion to include impacts outside the immediate nutrient recovery system itself. The study also show for the first time the successful evaluation of urban-to-agricultural water systems in EASETECH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Borja Valverde-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Damgaard
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Martin Rygaard
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 113, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Vinayak V, Manoylov KM, Gateau H, Blanckaert V, Hérault J, Pencréac'h G, Marchand J, Gordon R, Schoefs B. Diatom milking: a review and new approaches. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2629-65. [PMID: 25939034 PMCID: PMC4446598 DOI: 10.3390/md13052629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of human populations and the growth of cities contribute to the depletion of natural resources, increase their cost, and create potential climatic changes. To overcome difficulties in supplying populations and reducing the resource cost, a search for alternative pharmaceutical, nanotechnology, and energy sources has begun. Among the alternative sources, microalgae are the most promising because they use carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce biomass and/or valuable compounds. Once produced, the biomass is ordinarily harvested and processed (downstream program). Drying, grinding, and extraction steps are destructive to the microalgal biomass that then needs to be renewed. The extraction and purification processes generate organic wastes and require substantial energy inputs. Altogether, it is urgent to develop alternative downstream processes. Among the possibilities, milking invokes the concept that the extraction should not kill the algal cells. Therefore, it does not require growing the algae anew. In this review, we discuss research on milking of diatoms. The main themes are (a) development of alternative methods to extract and harvest high added value compounds; (b) design of photobioreactors;
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Vinayak
- Department of Criminology & Forensic Science, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour University (Central University), Sagar Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Kalina M Manoylov
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA 31061, USA.
| | - Hélène Gateau
- MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France.
| | - Vincent Blanckaert
- MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, IUT de Laval, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guerin, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France.
| | - Josiane Hérault
- ChimiMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, IUT de Laval, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guerin, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France.
| | - Gaëlle Pencréac'h
- ChimiMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, IUT de Laval, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guerin, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France.
| | - Justine Marchand
- MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France.
| | - Richard Gordon
- Gulf Specimen Aquarium & Marine Laboratory, Panacea, FL 32346, USA.
- Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Benoît Schoefs
- MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France.
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41
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Van Den Hende S, Carré E, Cocaud E, Beelen V, Boon N, Vervaeren H. Treatment of industrial wastewaters by microalgal bacterial flocs in sequencing batch reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:245-54. [PMID: 24709538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal bacterial flocs in sequencing batch reactors (MaB-floc SBRs) represent a novel approach to wastewater treatment. In this approach, mechanical aeration is replaced by photosynthetic aeration and MaB-floc settling separates the treated wastewater from the produced biomass. However, its technical potential for industrial wastewaters needs to be shown. Therefore, wastewaters of aquaculture, manure treatment, food-processing and chemical industry were treated in MaB-floc SBRs. This treatment resulted in significantly different nutrient removal rates and effluent qualities among wastewaters. A high MaB-floc production was obtained for all wastewaters, ranging from 0.14 to 0.26g total suspended solids Lreactor(-1)day(-1). A major advantage of MaB-flocs is the harvesting via a filter press with a large pore size of 200μm, resulting in MaB-floc recoveries of 79-99% and cakes containing 12-21% dry matter. These results may contribute to evolving MaB-floc SBRs as a valuable remediation strategy, especially for aquaculture and food-processing wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Den Hende
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(4); Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(5).
| | - Erwan Carré
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(4); Ecole des Métiers de L'Environnement (EME), Campus de Ker Lann, Avenue Robert Schuman, 35170 Bruz, France(6).
| | - Elodie Cocaud
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(4); Ecole des Métiers de L'Environnement (EME), Campus de Ker Lann, Avenue Robert Schuman, 35170 Bruz, France(6).
| | - Veerle Beelen
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(4)
| | - Nico Boon
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium(5).
| | - Han Vervaeren
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium(4).
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Van Den Hende S, Beelen V, Bore G, Boon N, Vervaeren H. Up-scaling aquaculture wastewater treatment by microalgal bacterial flocs: from lab reactors to an outdoor raceway pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 159:342-54. [PMID: 24662311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sequencing batch reactors with microalgal bacterial flocs (MaB-floc SBRs) are a novel approach for photosynthetic aerated wastewater treatment based on bioflocculation. To assess their technical potential for aquaculture wastewater treatment in Northwest Europe, MaB-floc SBRs were up-scaled from indoor photobioreactors of 4 L over 40 and 400 L to a 12 m(3) outdoor raceway pond. Scale-up decreased the nutrient removal efficiencies with a factor 1-3 and the volumetric biomass productivities with a factor 10-13. Effluents met current discharge norms, except for nitrite and nitrate. Flue gas sparging was needed to decrease the effluent pH. Outdoor MaB-flocs showed enhanced settling properties and an increased ash and chlorophyll a content. Bioflocculation enabled successful harvesting by gravity settling and dewatering by filtering at 150-250 μm. Optimisation of nitrogen removal and biomass valorisation are future challenges towards industrial implementation of MaB-floc SBRs for aquaculture wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Den Hende
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Enbichem, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Veerle Beelen
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Enbichem, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Gaëlle Bore
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Enbichem, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Ecole des Métiers de l'Environnement (EME), Campus de Ker Lann, Avenue Robert Schuman, F-35170 Bruz, France.
| | - Nico Boon
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Han Vervaeren
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Eco-Technology (LIWET), Enbichem, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
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Lu H, Yang L, Shabbir S, Wu Y. The adsorption process during inorganic phosphorus removal by cultured periphyton. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:8782-8791. [PMID: 24728572 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To explain the detailed process involved in phosphorus removal by periphyton, the periphyton dominated by photoautotrophic microorganisms was employed in this study to remove inorganic phosphorus (Pi) from wastewater, and the removal kinetics and isotherms were then evaluated for the Pi removal process. Results showed that the periphyton was capable of effectively removing Pi that could completely remove the Pi in 24 h at an initial Pi concentration of 13 mg P L(-1). Furthermore, the Pi removal process by the periphyton was dominated by adsorption at initial stage (~24 h), which involved physical mechanistic process. However, this Pi adsorption process was significantly influenced by environmental conditions. This work provides an insight into the understanding of phosphorus adsorption by periphyton or similar microbial aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Lu H, Yang L, Zhang S, Wu Y. The behavior of organic phosphorus under non-point source wastewater in the presence of phototrophic periphyton. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85910. [PMID: 24465782 PMCID: PMC3897557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the role of ubiquitous phototrophic periphyton in aquatic ecosystem on the biogeochemical cycling of organic phosphorus, the conversion and removal kinetic characteristics of organic phosphorus (Porg) such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were investigated in the presence of the periphyton cultured in artificial non-point source wastewater. The preliminary results showed that the periphyton was very powerful in converting Porg evidenced by the fact that inorganic phosphorus (Pinorg) content in solution increased from about 0.7 to 14.3 mg P L−1 in 48 hours in the presence of 0.6 g L−1 periphyton. This was because the periphyton could produce abundant phosphatases that benefited the conversion of Porg to Pinrog. Moreover, this conversion process was described more suitable by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The periphyton was also effective in removing Porg, which showed that the Porg can be completely removed even when the initial Porg concentration was as high as 13 mg P L−1 in 48 hours in the presence of 1.6 g L−1 periphyton. Furthermore, it was found that biosorption dominated the Porg removal process and exhibited the characteristics of physical adsorption. However, this biosorption process by the periphyton was significantly influenced by biomass (absorbent dosage) and temperature. This work provides insights into Porg biogeochemical circulation of aquatic ecosystem that contained the periphyton or similar microbial aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Linzhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shanqing Zhang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yonghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Shen Y. Carbon dioxide bio-fixation and wastewater treatment via algae photochemical synthesis for biofuels production. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06441k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilizing the energy, nutrients and CO2held within residual waste materials to provide all necessary inputs except for sunlight, the cultivation of algae becomes a closed-loop engineered ecosystem. Developing this green biotechnology is a tangible step towards a waste-free sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama, Japan
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