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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Cai W, Owens G, Chen Z. Recovery of Y(III) from wastewater by Pseudomonas psychrotolerans isolated from a mine soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134973. [PMID: 38905975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
While microbial technologies, which are considered to be environmentally friendly, have great potential for the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from mining wastewater, their applications have been restricted due to a lack of efficient biosorbents. In this study, a strain of Pseudomonas psychrotolerans isolated from yttrium-enriched mine soil was used to recover yttrium (Y(III)) from rare-earth mining wastewater. At an initial Y(III) dose of 50 mg L-1, the amount of Y(III) adsorbed by P. psychrotolerans reached 99.9 % after 24 h. Various characterization techniques revealed that P. psychrotolerans adsorbed Y(III) mainly through complexation of oxygen-containing functional groups and electrostatic interactions. A high level of adsorption efficiency (>99.9 %) was maintained after five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles, indicating that P. psychrotolerans was highly reusable. While the efficiency of adsorbing Y(III) by P. psychrotolerans decreased (34.4 %) in actual rare earth mining wastewater, selectivity toward other REEs (≤ 18.4 %) was still observed. Consequently, this study provides a promising green, environmentally friendly and sustainable microbial approach for the selective recovery of REEs from rare earth wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Wanling Cai
- School of Mechanical and Intelligent Manufacturing, Fujan Chuanzheng Communications College, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China.
| | - Gary Owens
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australian, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Zuliang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China.
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2
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Ma Y, Li TY, Meng H, Wang GX, Ma J, Xiao Y, Xie WM. The effect of salinity on trimethoprim adsorption by activated sludge extracellular polymeric substances at trace concentration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122090. [PMID: 39126848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The saline wastewater produced in industrial activities and seawater use would flow into wastewater treatment plants and affect the characteristic of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of activated sludge, which could potentially impact the removal of antibiotics via adsorption. Nonetheless, the effect of salinity on trimethoprim adsorption by activated sludge extracellular polymeric substances at trace concentration and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. In this study, the effect of salinity on the adsorption removal of a typical antibiotic, i.e., trimethoprim (TMP) at trace concentration (25.0 μg/L) was evaluated. The results showed the content of EPS was decreased significantly from 56.36 to 21.70 mg/g VSS when the salinity was increased from 0 to 10 g/L. Protein fractions occupied the predominant component of EPS, whose concentration was decreased from 38.17 to 12.83 mg/g VSS. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of activated sludge for TMP was decreased by 49.70% (from 4.97 to 2.50 μg/g VSS). The fluorescence quenching results indicated the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan-like substances was decreased by 30% and the adsorption sites of EPS were decreased from 0.51 to 0.21 when the salinity was increased. The infrared spectrum and XPS results showed that the nitrogen-containing groups from protein were decreased significantly. The circular dichroic analysis showed α helix structure of protein in EPS was decreased with the increase of salinity, which was responsible for the decrease of adsorption capacity for TMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Ma
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tian-Yu Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Han Meng
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Yan Xiao
- Hangzhou Environmental Protection Research Institute of China Coal Technology & Engineering Group, Hangzhou, 311201, China
| | - Wen-Ming Xie
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Ismail UM, Vohra MS, Onaizi SA. Adsorptive removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions: Progress of adsorbents development and their effectiveness. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118562. [PMID: 38447605 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Increased levels of heavy metals (HMs) in aquatic environments poses serious health and ecological concerns. Hence, several approaches have been proposed to eliminate/reduce the levels of HMs before the discharge/reuse of HMs-contaminated waters. Adsorption is one of the most attractive processes for water decontamination; however, the efficiency of this process greatly depends on the choice of adsorbent. Therefore, the key aim of this article is to review the progress in the development and application of different classes of conventional and emerging adsorbents for the abatement of HMs from contaminated waters. Adsorbents that are based on activated carbon, natural materials, microbial, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), nano-zerovalent iron (nZVI), graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are critically reviewed, with more emphasis on the last four adsorbents and their nanocomposites since they have the potential to significantly boost the HMs removal efficiency from contaminated waters. Furthermore, the optimal process conditions to achieve efficient performance are discussed. Additionally, adsorption isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, mechanisms, and effects of varying adsorption process parameters have been introduced. Moreover, heavy metal removal driven by other processes such as oxidation, reduction, and precipitation that might concurrently occur in parallel with adsorption have been reviewed. The application of adsorption for the treatment of real wastewater has been also reviewed. Finally, challenges, limitations and potential areas for improvements in the adsorptive removal of HMs from contaminated waters are identified and discussed. Thus, this article serves as a comprehensive reference for the recent developments in the field of adsorptive removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The proposed future research work at the end of this review could help in addressing some of the key limitations facing this technology, and create a platform for boosting the efficiency of the adsorptive removal of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman M Ismail
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad S Vohra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sagheer A Onaizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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Elleuch J, Drira M, Ghribi I, Hadjkacem F, Pierre G, Khemakhem H, Michaud P, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S. Lead removal from the aqueous solution by extracellular polymeric substances produced by the marine diatom Navicula salinicola. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38619982 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2338456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have recently emerged as significant contributors in diverse biotechnological applications. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), produced by a Navicula salinicola strain, have been studied for potential applications in a specific heavy metal (lead (Pb II)) removal from wastewater. The optimisation of operational parameters, mainly pH, Pb and EPS concentrations, using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was undertaken to enhance lead uptake. The higher Pb adsorption capacity reached 2211.029 mg/g. Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, phosphoric, and sulfhydryl groups were identified quantitatively as potential sites for Pb adsorption. EPS exhibited a notable flocculation rate of 70.20% in kaolin clay at a concentration of 15 mg/L. They demonstrated an emulsifying activity greater than 88%, showcasing their versatile potential for both sedimentation processes and stabilising liquid-liquid systems. EPS could be excellent nonconventional renewable biopolymers for treating water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihen Elleuch
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Drira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imtinen Ghribi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies Applied to the Improvement of Plants, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Farah Hadjkacem
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications (LaMMA), (LR16ES18), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Philippe Michaud
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies Applied to the Improvement of Plants, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Sheraz N, Shah A, Haleem A, Iftikhar FJ. Comprehensive assessment of carbon-, biomaterial- and inorganic-based adsorbents for the removal of the most hazardous heavy metal ions from wastewater. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11284-11310. [PMID: 38595713 PMCID: PMC11002728 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00976b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the high cost of recycling waste, underdeveloped countries discharge industrial, agricultural, and anthropogenic effluents without pretreatment. As a result, pollutant-loaded waste enters water bodies. Among the diverse toxic contaminants, heavy metal ions are the most detrimental because of their chronic toxicity, non-degradability, prevalence, and bioaccumulation. The growing shortage of water resources demands the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. Three SDGs of the sustainability agenda of the United Nations appeal for clean water to protect life beneath water and on land depending on the water sources. Therefore, efficient environmentally friendly approaches for wastewater treatment are urgently required. In this regard, several methods have been developed for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater, including adsorption as the most widely used method owing to its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable nature. The present review discusses the progress in the preparation and application of various adsorbents based on carbon, micro-organisms, agricultural waste and inorganic materials for the extraction of toxic metal ions such as Pb2+, Cr6+, As3+, As5+, Hg2+ and Cd2+. Herein, we provide information on the role of the homogeneity and heterogeneity of adsorbents, kinetics of the adsorption of an adsorbate on the surface of an adsorbent, insights into adsorption reaction pathways, the mechanism of the sorption process, and the uptake of solutes from solution. The present review will be useful for researchers working on environmental protection and clean environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashra Sheraz
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haleem
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Faiza Jan Iftikhar
- NUTECH School of Applied Science & Humanities, National University of Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
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Priyadarshanee M, Das S. Spectra metrology for interaction of heavy metals with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMCS-1 reveals static quenching and complexation dynamics of EPS with heavy metals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133617. [PMID: 38306836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The adsorption behavior and interaction mechanisms of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMCS-1 towards chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were investigated. EPS-covered (EPS-C) cells exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.0001; two-way ANOVA) removal of Cr (85.58 ± 0.39%), Pb (81.98 ± 1.02%), and Cd (73.88 ± 1%) than EPS-removed (EPS-R) cells. Interactions between EPS-heavy metals were spontaneous (ΔG<0). EPS-Cr(VI) and EPS-Pb(II) binding were exothermic (ΔH<0), while EPS-Cd(II) binding was endothermic (ΔH>0) process. EPS bonded to Pb(II) via inner-sphere complexation by displacement of surrounding water molecules, while EPS-Cr(VI) and EPS-Cd(II) binding occurred through outer-sphere complexation via electrostatic interactions. Increased zeta potential of Cr (29.75%), Pb (41.46%), and Cd (46.83%) treated EPS and unchanged crystallinity (CIXRD=0.13), inferred EPS-metal binding via both electrostatic interactions and complexation mechanism. EPS-metal interaction was predominantly promoted through hydroxyl, amide, carboxyl, and phosphate groups. Metal adsorption deviated EPS protein secondary structures. Strong static quenching mechanism between tryptophan protein-like substances in EPS and heavy metals was evidenced. EPS sequestered heavy metals via complexation with C-O, C-OH, CO/O-C-O, and NH/NH2 groups and ion exchange with -COOH group. This study unveils the fate of Cr, Pb, and Cd on EPS surface and provides insight into the interactions among EPS and metal ions for metal sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Priyadarshanee
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769 008, Odisha, India
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769 008, Odisha, India.
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7
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Zhang C, Chen W, Zhang T, Chen Z. Biocomposite based on graphene oxide immobilized Pseudomonas psychrotolerans for the recovery of Y(III) in acid mine drainage. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140589. [PMID: 37944763 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) recovery is a critical issue concerning both resource recovery and wastewater utilization. In this study, a new bio-composite was fabricated using graphene oxide immobilized Pseudomonas psychrotolerans (PP@GO), which was isolated from the soil of REEs mine. Results showed that 99.6% Y(III) was removed in 48 h and various characterization confirmed that S-S, -NH2, HPO42-, -OH and -COOH from extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by microorganisms formed complexation with Y(III). As well, the Y(III) adsorption best followed Freundlich isotherm and non-linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model having R2 of 0.985 and 0.996, respectively, demonstrating that the adsorption was governed by multilayered chemisorption. Additionally, the effectiveness of PP@GO was not limited to Y(III), where 27.9% of this substance was removed in acid mine drainage (AMD), also exhibited great adsorption for other REEs, such as Er (45.0%) and Ho (43.8%). Furthermore, the adsorption efficiency of Y(III) remained high (70.0%) after a 5th cycle, emphasizing the consistent stability of PP@GO. Finally, REEs adsorbed could be greatly desorbed by KNO3, like Sm (80.1%) and La (80.0%), which revealed that PP@GO has great potential to recover REEs in AMD. Overall, this study offers a promising strategy for the green and sustainable REEs recovery and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Zuliang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian Province, China.
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Weng X, Fu HM, Mao Z, Yan P, Xu XW, Shen Y, Chen YP. Fate of iron nanoparticles in anammox system: Dissolution, migration and transformation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119323. [PMID: 37852083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) are commonly used in various industrial processes, leading to their release into the environment and eventual entrance into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). FeNPs undergo dissolution, migration, and transformation in WWTPs, which can potentially affect the stable operation of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) systems and may be discharged with wastewater or biomass. To better understand the fate of FeNPs in anammox systems, exposure experiments were conducted using anammox granular sludges (AnGS) and FeNPs. Results demonstrated that FeNPs released Fe2+ upon contact with water, with a portion being bound to functional groups in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the rest entering the bacteria to form highly absorbable substances. A significant amount of FeNPs was observed to cover the surface of AnGS or aggregate and deposit at the bottom of the reactor, eventually converting into Fe3O4 and stably existing within the anammox system. The findings of this study clarify the fate of FeNPs in anammox systems and provide important insights into the stable operation of anammox systems under FeNPs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Weng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Hui-Min Fu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Zheng Mao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yu Shen
- National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - You-Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Shi X, Ling Q, Jiang Z, Pei F, Xin M, Tan W, Chen X, Liu K, Ma J, Yu F, Li Y. Insight into the roles of soluble, loosely bound and tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances produced by Enterobacter sp. in the Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ biosorption process: Characterization and mechanism. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 227:113348. [PMID: 37201449 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are macromolecular polymers formed by metabolic secretion, and they have great potential for removing heavy metal (HM) ions from the aquatic phase. In this study, the contributions of soluble EPSs (S-EPSs), loosely bound EPSs (LB-EPSs) and tightly bound EPSs (TB-EPSs) secreted by Enterobacter sp. to Cd2+ and Pb2+ adsorption were analyzed. The results indicated that in a solution containing both Cd2+ and Pb2+, pH= 6.0 was best suited for the adsorption process, and adsorption equilibrium was reached in approximately 120 min. Moreover, the mechanism for adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by the different layers of EPSs involved spontaneous chemical processes. However, Cd2+ adsorption by the three layers of the EPSs was an exothermic process (∆H0 <0), but Pb2+ adsorption by the three layers of the EPSs was an endothermic process (∆H0 >0). The variations in zeta potentials indicated that ion exchange occurred during Cd2+ and Pb2+ adsorption. FT-IR, XPS and 3D-EEM analyses indicated that the functional groups of the EPSs involved in adsorption were mainly the CO, C-O and C-O-C groups of the polysaccharides; furthermore, fulvic acid-like substances, humic-like substances and tyrosine-like proteins played important roles in the adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by the different EPS layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Qiujie Ling
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Zhiling Jiang
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Fengmei Pei
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Meifen Xin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Weilan Tan
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Jiangming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
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Biofilm-based technology for industrial wastewater treatment: current technology, applications and future perspectives. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:112. [PMID: 36907929 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The microbial community in biofilm is safeguarded from the action of toxic chemicals, antimicrobial compounds, and harsh/stressful environmental circumstances. Therefore, biofilm-based technology has nowadays become a successful alternative for treating industrial wastewater as compared to suspended growth-based technologies. In biofilm reactors, microbial cells are attached to static or free-moving materials to form a biofilm which facilitates the process of liquid and solid separation in biofilm-mediated operations. This paper aims to review the state-of-the-art of recent research on bacterial biofilm in industrial wastewater treatment including biofilm fundamentals, possible applications and problems, and factors to regulate biofilm formation. We discussed in detail the treatment efficiencies of fluidized bed biofilm reactor (FBBR), trickling filter reactor (TFR), rotating biological contactor (RBC), membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR), and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) for different types of industrial wastewater treatment. Besides, biofilms have many applications in food and agriculture, biofuel and bioenergy production, power generation, and plastic degradation. Furthermore, key factors for regulating biofilm formation were also emphasized. In conclusion, industrial applications make evident that biofilm-based treatment technology is impactful for pollutant removal. Future research to address and improve the limitations of biofilm-based technology in wastewater treatment is also discussed.
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11
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Wang X, Jia S, Deng R, Xing Q, Tian Z. Factor analysis method for fluorescence excitation emission matrix. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Kurniawan SB, Ramli NN, Said NSM, Alias J, Imron MF, Abdullah SRS, Othman AR, Purwanti IF, Hasan HA. Practical limitations of bioaugmentation in treating heavy metal contaminated soil and role of plant growth promoting bacteria in phytoremediation as a promising alternative approach. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08995. [PMID: 35399376 PMCID: PMC8983376 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioaugmentation, the addition of cultured microorganisms to enhance the currently existing microbial community, is an option to remediate contaminated areas. Several studies reported the success of the bioaugmentation method in treating heavy metal contaminated soil, but concerns related to the applicability of this method in real-scale application were raised. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms of heavy metal treatment by microbes (especially bacteria) and the concerns related to the possible application in the real scale were juxtaposed to show the weakness of the claim. This review proposes the use of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation in treating heavy metal contaminated soil. The performance of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation in treating heavy metal contaminated soil as well as the mechanisms of removal and interactions between plants and microbes are also discussed in detail. Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation shows greater efficiencies and performs complete metal removal from soil compared with only bioaugmentation. Research related to selection of hyperaccumulator species, potential microbial species, analysis of interaction mechanisms, and potential usage of treating plant biomass after treatment are suggested as future research directions to enhance this currently proposed topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setyo Budi Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nadhirah Ramli
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Sakinah Mohd Said
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jahira Alias
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fauzul Imron
- Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jalan Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ahmad Razi Othman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ipung Fitri Purwanti
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ali M, Song X, Ding D, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Tang Z. Bioremediation of PAHs and heavy metals co-contaminated soils: Challenges and enhancement strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118686. [PMID: 34920044 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Systemic studies on the bioremediation of co-contaminated PAHs and heavy metals are lacking, and this paper provides an in-depth review on the topic. The released sources and transport of co-contaminated PAHs and heavy metals, including their co-occurrence through formation of cation-π interactions and their adsorption in soil are examined. Moreover, it is investigated that co-contamination of PAHs and heavy metals can drive a synergistic positive influence on bioremediation through enhanced secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), production of biosynthetic genes, organic acid and enzymatic proliferation. However, PAHs molecular structure, PAHs-heavy metals bioavailability and their interactive cytotoxic effects on microorganisms can exert a challenging influence on the bioremediation under co-contaminated conditions. The fluctuations in bioavailability for microorganisms are associated with soil properties, chemical coordinative interactions, and biological activities under the co-contaminated PAHs-heavy metals conditions. The interactive cytotoxicity caused by the emergence of co-contaminants includes microbial cell disruption, denaturation of DNA and protein structure, and deregulation of antioxidant biological molecules. Finally, this paper presents the emerging strategies to overcome the bioavailability problems and recommends the use of biostimulation and bioaugmentation along with the microbial immobilization for enhanced bioremediation of PAHs-heavy metals co-contaminated sites. Better knowledge of the bioremediation potential is imperative to improve the use of these approaches for the sustainable and cost-effective remediation of PAHs and heavy metals co-contamination in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Da Ding
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhuanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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14
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Reddy AR. Biopolymers Production from Algal Biomass and their Applications- A Review. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/nkwndz9ah7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Wu Y, Li Z, Yang Y, Purchase D, Lu Y, Dai Z. Extracellular Polymeric Substances Facilitate the Adsorption and Migration of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ in Saturated Porous Media. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1715. [PMID: 34827713 PMCID: PMC8615540 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in groundwater is a serious environmental problem. Many microorganisms that survive in subsurface porous media also produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), but little is known about the effect of these EPS on the fate and transport of heavy metals in aquifers. In this study, EPS extracted from soil with a steam method were used to study the adsorption behaviors of Cu2+ and Cd2+, employing quartz sand as a subsurface porous medium. The results showed that EPS had a good adsorption capacity for Cu2+ (13.5 mg/g) and Cd2+ (14.1 mg/g) that can be viewed using the Temkin and Freundlich models, respectively. At a pH value of 6.5 ± 0.1 and a temperature of 20 °C, EPS showed a greater affinity for Cu2+ than for Cd2+. The binding force between EPS and quartz sand was weak. The prior saturation of the sand media with EPS solution can significantly promote the migration of the Cu2+ and Cd2+ in sand columns by 8.8% and 32.1%, respectively. When treating both metals simultaneously, the migration of Cd2+ was found to be greater than that of Cu2+. This also demonstrated that EPS can promote the co-migration of Cu2+ and Cd2+ in saturated porous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Academy of Environmental Planning & Design, Co., Ltd., Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
| | - Yuesuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Diane Purchase
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London NW4 4BT, UK;
| | - Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhenxue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.D.)
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16
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Zhao L, Su C, Wang A, Wang P, Chen Z, Huang X, Chen M. Evaluation of biochar addition and circulation control strengthening measures on efficiency and microecology of food waste treatment in anaerobic reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113215. [PMID: 34280858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The process of strengthening an expanded granular sludge blanket (EGSB) reactor under ammonia nitrogen stress conditions and by adopting three strengthening measures, namely, opening the circulation (OC), adding modified biochar (MB), adding modified biochar along with opening the circulation (MBOC), to treat food waste was studied. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration of influent increased to 1200 mg/L, the removal rate of COD reduced to about 75%, while the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was about 6%. The average COD removal rate of the anaerobic reactor in the last 5 days of each operating cycle i.e. OC, MB and MBOC, was 85.51%, 84.11% and 90.03%, respectively. At the 30th day of each treatment-OC, MB and MBOC, the protease content in the sludge was 44.61, 42.47, 46.24 NH2-N (mg)/mg, respectively. and the content of coenzyme F420 was 0.244, 0.217 and 0.267 mmol/g, respectively. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the stage I (OC), reaching 34.36%. It was accounted for 16.68% and 21.38%, respectively, in the stage II (MB) and stage III (MBOC). The dominant archaea in the three stages were Methanosaeta, whose abundance was 38.98% in stage I, which increased to 64.94% and 64.01% in stage II and III, respectively. Among the active carbohydrate enzymes, the gene abundance of Glycoside transferases in the MBOC stage was the largest among the three stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi Province (Guangxi Normal University), 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Anliu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhuxi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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17
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Kartik A, Akhil D, Lakshmi D, Panchamoorthy Gopinath K, Arun J, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. A critical review on production of biopolymers from algae biomass and their applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124868. [PMID: 33707076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algae is abundantly present in our ecosystems and can be easily extracted and used for production of biopolymers. Algae does not produce any anthropogenic, harmful effects, has a good growth rate, and cultivable in wastewater. This literature elucidates the potential of algae biomass by comparing various seaweed and microalgae strains. The routes for biopolymer production were portrayed and their novel methods of isolation such as microwave assisted, ultrasound assisted, and subcritical water assisted extraction are discussed in detail. These novel methods are observed to be highly efficient compared to conventional solvent extraction, with the microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted processes yielding 33% and 5% more biopolymer respectively than the conventional method. Biopolymers are used in variety of applications such as environmental remediation, adsorbent and antioxidant. Biopolymer is shown to be highly effective in the removal of potentially toxic elements and is seen to extract more than 40 mg PTE/g biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Kartik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dilipkumar Akhil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divya Lakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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18
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Lu S, Li X, Xi Y, Liu H, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xie T, Liu Y, Quan B, Zhang C, Xu W. Insight the roles of loosely-bound and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances on Cu 2+, Zn 2+ and Pb 2+ biosorption process with Desulfovibrio vulgaris. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 596:408-419. [PMID: 33852983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the fate and mechanism of metal cations of biosorption in the Desulfovibrio vulgaris system (including bacterial cells and secreted loosely-bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS)). The relative contribution of EPS (TB-EPS and LB-EPS) to the adsorption of three metal cations is much greater than that of bacterial cells, and the adsorption capacity of Pb2+ on EPS (TB-EPS and LB-EPS) is much greater than that of Cu2+ and Zn2+ (Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+). The order of absorption capacity was as follows: LB-EPS > TB-EPS > bacterial cells, the adsorption contribution of EPS (including TB-EPS and LB-EPS) to Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ accounted for total adsorption capacity was 82%, 83% and 86%, respectively. It was suggested that LB-EPS was the first reaction barrier of immobilization metal cations before metal cations was able to pass through EPS and react with cells. The adsorption process was dominated by complexation and electrostatic interaction. The three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) identified two main fluorescence peaks of the aromatic and tryptophan protein-like substances in EPS. According to the synchronous fluorescence spectra, the tryptophan protein-like substances were gradually quenched with increased metal cations concentrations, which the quencher mechanism is dynamic quenching. The findings of this work are significant to reveal the fate of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ during its sorption process onto Desulfovibrio vulgaris, and provide useful information of the interaction between Desulfovibrio vulgaris and its secreted EPS with metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Yanni Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huinian Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yicai Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tanghuan Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bangyu Quan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Weihua Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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