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Bocci Benucci S, Tonini B, Casale S, Fioravanti G. Testing the role of extended thinking in predicting craving and problematic social network sites use. Addict Behav 2024; 155:108042. [PMID: 38642444 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Problematic Social Network Sites Use (PSNSU) mirrors substance use disorders with regard to symptoms (e.g., diminished control). Recent theoretical advances in the addiction research field recognize a central role of affective and cognitive processes in the development of addictive behaviors. For example, the metacognitive model of addictive behaviors sustains that cognitive processes like extended thinking, disruption in metacognitive monitoring, and thought suppression are associated with addictive behaviors leading to increased craving. The current study aims to test the mediating role of extended thinking (i.e., worry, rumination, and desire thinking) in the relationship between psychological distress and PSNSU. Methods A community sample of 548 individuals (F = 68.5%, Mage= 29.29 ± 12.04 years) completed an online survey. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to analyze the relationships among the variables under study. Results The assessed structural model adequately fits the data, accounting for 89% of PSNSU variance. Psychological distress predicted PSNSU through the mediation of desire thinking and rumination and the serial mediation of (i) worry and craving (ii) desire thinking and craving The model is gender invariant. Conclusions The current findings provide preliminary evidence for the role of extended thinking in PSNSU. Worry, rumination and desire thinking may be central cognitive processes in eliciting craving and PSNSU for individuals who experience psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bocci Benucci
- University of Florence, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Florence, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Tonini
- University of Florence, Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, Florence, Italy.
| | - Silvia Casale
- University of Florence, Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, Florence, Italy.
| | - Giulia Fioravanti
- University of Florence, Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, Florence, Italy.
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2
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Miller JK, Evans SL. Perceived Stress, but Not Rumination, Mediates the Relationship Between Trait Mindfulness and Sleep Quality in Young Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:1053-1065. [PMID: 39071544 PMCID: PMC11283793 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s447469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Poor sleep among young adults is prevalent, yet the mediating variables are largely understudied, and there is limited relevant work utilizing objective sleep measures. The present study investigated the mediating effects of perceived stress and rumination in the relationship between trait mindfulness and subjective and objective sleep quality in young adults. Methods A total of 170 healthy adults (aged 18-37, M = 20.8, SD = 2.9) self-reported on trait mindfulness, perceived stress, and rumination. The primary (N = 140) and secondary (N = 30) samples both completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess subjective sleep quality. The secondary sample (N = 30) additionally provided sleep diaries, as well as wrist-worn actigraphy data for assessing objective sleep quality. A mediation analysis was conducted to assess the effect of trait mindfulness on sleep quality with perceived stress and rumination as mediators. Results Trait mindfulness was positively associated with better subjective sleep quality; this was fully mediated by perceived stress, b = -0.08, 95% CI [-.12, -0.06]. Rumination was negatively associated with subjective sleep quality but did not mediate the relationship between trait mindfulness and sleep quality, b = -0.01, 95% CI [-.03, 0.02]. Only trait mindfulness was correlated with diary-based sleep ratings, and none of the measures were associated with actigraphy-based sleep quality. Conclusion This study indicates that perceived stress is an important mediator in the relationship between trait mindfulness and subjective sleep quality among young adults, rather than rumination. These findings have implications for mindfulness-based therapeutic approaches to address the high prevalence of sleep disorders among young adults, adding mechanistic detail to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimee K Miller
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Simon L Evans
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
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3
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Hagen J, Ramkiran S, Schnellbächer GJ, Rajkumar R, Collee M, Khudeish N, Veselinović T, Shah NJ, Neuner I. Phenomena of hypo- and hyperconnectivity in basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits linked to major depression: a 7T fMRI study. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02669-4. [PMID: 39020104 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) typically manifests itself in depressed affect, anhedonia, low energy, and additional symptoms. Despite its high global prevalence, its pathophysiology still gives rise to questions. Current research places alterations in functional connectivity among MDD's most promising biomarkers. However, given the heterogeneity of previous findings, the use of higher-resolution imaging techniques, like ultra-high field (UHF) fMRI (≥7 Tesla, 7T), may offer greater specificity in delineating fundamental impairments. In this study, 7T UHF fMRI scans were conducted on 31 MDD patients and 27 age-gender matched healthy controls to exploratorily contrast cerebral resting-state functional connectivity patterns between both groups. The CONN toolbox was used to generate functional network connectivity (FNC) analysis based on the region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI correlations in order to enable the identification of clusters of significantly different connections. Correction for multiple comparisons was implemented at the cluster level using a false discovery rate (FDR). The analysis revealed three significant clusters differentiating MDD patients and healthy controls. In Clusters 1 and 2, MDD patients exhibited between-network hypoconnectivity in basal ganglia-cortical pathways as well as hyperconnectivity in thalamo-cortical pathways, including several individual ROI-to-ROI connections. In Cluster 3, they showed increased occipital interhemispheric within-network connectivity. These findings suggest that alterations in basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits play a substantial role in the pathophysiology of MDD. Furthermore, they indicate potential MDD-related deficits relating to a combination of perception (vision, audition, and somatosensation) as well as more complex functions, especially social-emotional processing, modulation, and regulation. It is anticipated that these findings might further inform more accurate clinical procedures for addressing MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Hagen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Shukti Ramkiran
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gereon J Schnellbächer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ravichandran Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Maria Collee
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nibal Khudeish
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tanja Veselinović
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 11, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Irene Neuner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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4
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Wei L, Dong H, Ding F, Luo C, Wang C, Baeken C, Wu GR. Shared and distinctive brain networks underlying trait and state rumination. Behav Brain Res 2024; 472:115144. [PMID: 38992844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Although trait and state rumination play a central role in the exacerbation of negative affect, evidence suggests that they are weakly correlated and exert distinct influences on emotional reactivity to stressors. Whether trait and state rumination share a common or exhibit distinct neural substrate remains unclear. In this study, we utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) combined with connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to identify neural fingerprints associated with trait and state rumination. CPM identified distinctive functional connectivity (FC) profiles that contribute to the prediction of trait rumination, primarily involving FC within the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN) as well as FC between the DMN, control network (CN), DAN, and salience network (SN). Conversely, state rumination was predominantly associated with FC between the DMN and CN. Furthermore, the predictive features of trait rumination can be robustly generalized to predict state rumination, and vice versa. In conclusion, this study illuminates the importance of both DMN and non-DMN systems in the emergence and persistence of rumination. While trait rumination was associated with stronger and broader FC than state rumination, the generalizability of the predictive features underscores the presence of shared neural mechanisms between the two forms of rumination. These identified connectivity fingerprints may hold promise as targets for innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating rumination-related negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanxi Ding
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Can Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chanyu Wang
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Department of Head and Skin, UZ Gent/Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Department of Head and Skin, UZ Gent/Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, UZ Brussel/ Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Guo-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Department of Head and Skin, UZ Gent/Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium.
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5
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Marchitelli R, Paillère Martinot ML, Trouvé A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Holz N, Vaidya N, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot JL, Artiges E. Coupled changes between ruminating thoughts and resting-state brain networks during the transition into adulthood. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02610-9. [PMID: 38956372 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Perseverative negative thoughts, known as rumination, might arise from emotional challenges and preclude mental health when transitioning into adulthood. Due to its multifaceted nature, rumination can take several ruminative response styles, that diverge in manifestations, severity, and mental health outcomes. Still, prospective ruminative phenotypes remain elusive insofar. Longitudinal study designs are ideal for stratifying ruminative response styles, especially with resting-state functional MRI whose setup naturally elicits people's ruminative traits. Here, we considered self-rated questionnaires on rumination and psychopathology, along with resting-state functional MRI data in 595 individuals assessed at age 18 and 22 from the IMAGEN cohort. We conducted independent component analysis to characterize eight single static resting-state functional networks in each subject and session and furthermore conducted a dynamic analysis, tackling the time variations of functional networks during the entire scanning time. We then investigated their longitudinal mediation role between changes in three ruminative response styles (reflective pondering, brooding, and depressive rumination) and changes in internalizing and co-morbid externalizing symptoms. Four static and two dynamic networks longitudinally differentiated these ruminative styles and showed complemental sensitivity to internalizing and co-morbid externalizing symptoms. Among these networks, the right frontoparietal network covaried with all ruminative styles but did not play any mediation role towards psychopathology. The default mode, the salience, and the limbic networks prospectively stratified these ruminative styles, suggesting that maladaptive ruminative styles are associated with altered corticolimbic function. For static measures, only the salience network played a longitudinal causal role between brooding rumination and internalizing symptoms. Dynamic measures highlighted the default-mode mediation role between the other ruminative styles and co-morbid externalizing symptoms. In conclusion, we identified the ruminative styles' psychometric and neural outcome specificities, supporting their translation into applied research on young adult mental healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Marchitelli
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-City, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories & Psychiatry, Centre Borelli CNRS UMR9010, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-City, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories & Psychiatry, Centre Borelli CNRS UMR9010, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trouvé
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-City, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories & Psychiatry, Centre Borelli CNRS UMR9010, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Population Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-City, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories & Psychiatry, Centre Borelli CNRS UMR9010, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- Department of Psychiatry, Lab-D-PSY, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France.
| | - Eric Artiges
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-City, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories & Psychiatry, Centre Borelli CNRS UMR9010, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Lab-D-PSY, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
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6
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Rosenbaum D, Int-Veen I, Laicher H, Woloszyn L, Wiegand A, Ladegast S, Eßer U, Kroczek A, Sippel D, Menkor S, Lawyer G, Albasini F, Frischholz C, Mössner R, Nieratschker V, Leehr EJ, Rubel J, Fallgatter AJ, Ehlis AC. Neural correlates of stress-reactive rumination in depression - The role of childhood trauma and social anxiety. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 31:100640. [PMID: 38800538 PMCID: PMC11127161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent work showed an association of prefrontal dysfunctions in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and social stress induced rumination. However, up to date it is unclear which etiological features of MDD might cause prefrontal dysfunctions. In the study at hand, we aimed to replicate recent findings, that showed prefrontal activation alterations during the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and subsequently increased stress-reactive rumination in MDD compared to healthy controls. Moreover, we aimed to explore the role of adverse childhood experiences and other clinical variables in this relationship. N = 55 patients currently suffering from MDD and n = 42 healthy controls (HC) underwent the TSST, while cortical activity in areas of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) was measured via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The TSST successfully induced a stress reaction (physiologically, as well as indicated by subjective stress ratings) and state rumination in all subjects with moderate to large effect sizes. In comparison to HC, MDD patients showed elevated levels of state rumination with large effect sizes, as well as a typical pattern of reduced cortical oxygenation during stress in the CCN with moderate effect sizes. Self-reported emotional abuse and social anxiety were moderately positively associated with increased stress-reactive rumination. Within the MDD sample, emotional abuse was negatively and social anxiety positively associated with cortical oxygenation within the CCN with moderate to large effect sizes. In conclusion, our results replicate previous findings on MDD-associated prefrontal hypoactivity during stress and extends the research toward specific subtypes of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Isabell Int-Veen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Laicher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Leonie Woloszyn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ariane Wiegand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Ladegast
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ute Eßer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Agnes Kroczek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Sippel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Menkor
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Francesco Albasini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Mannheim, Germany
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Frischholz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rainald Mössner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany
| | | | - Julian Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Lab, Psychology and Sport Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany
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7
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Int-Veen I, Ehlis AC, Fallgatter AJ, Rosenbaum D. On assessing trait rumination using the Ruminative Response Scale. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1368390. [PMID: 38899126 PMCID: PMC11186473 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1368390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study explores the stability of scores on psychometrically validated trait questionnaires over time. We illustrate potential pitfalls through a larger study that used the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) to categorize participants prior to study inclusion into two groups based on their habitual tendency to ruminate. Surprisingly, when we re-administered the RRS at the start of an experimental session, significant score changes occurred, resulting in participants shifting between the two groups. Methods To address this, we modified our recruitment process, aiming to reduce careless responses, including an online RRS assessment a week before the lab appointment. We analyzed the different samples prior to and after changing the recruitment procedure, as well as the total sample regarding the psychometric properties of the RRS. We also explored various indices to identify and predict score changes due to careless responding; however, only a subgroup of participants was successfully identified. Results Our findings suggest that Mahalanobis distances are effective for identifying substantial score changes, with baseline state rumination emerging as a marginally significant predictor. Discussion We discuss the importance of conducting manipulation checks and offer practical implications for research involving psychometrically validated trait questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Int-Veen
- Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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8
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Rami FZ, Li L, Le TH, Kang C, Han MA, Chung YC. Risk and protective factors for severe mental disorders in Asia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105652. [PMID: 38608827 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Among 369 diseases and injuries, the years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rates for severe mental illnesses (SMIs) are within the top 20 %. Research on risk and protective factors for SMIs is critically important, as acting on modifiable factors may reduce their incidence or postpone their onset, while early detection of new cases enables prompt treatment and improves prognosis. However, as most of the studies on these factors are from Western countries, the findings are not generalizable across ethnic groups. This led us to conduct a systematic review of the risk and protective factors for SMIs identified in Asian studies. There were common factors in Asian and Western studies and unique factors in Asian studies. In-depth knowledge of these factors could help reduce disability, and the economic and emotional burden of SMIs. We hope that this review will inform future research and policy-making on mental health in Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Rami
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Hung Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeyeong Kang
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Cheung JC, Sorgi-Wilson KM, Ciesinski NK, McCloskey MS. Examining the relationship between subtypes of rumination and non-suicidal self-injury: A meta-analytic review. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:528-555. [PMID: 38411021 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a highly prevalent maladaptive behavior, often used to cope with intense negative affect. Rumination is an emotion regulation strategy that leads to fixation on and exacerbation of (typically) negative affective states. However, studies examining the relationship between rumination and NSSI have yielded mixed results, showing high degrees of heterogeneity. METHODS The present study conducted meta-analyses (k = 50) of the association between overall rumination and NSSI, and independent meta-analyses for each of four subtypes of rumination (general, depressive, brooding, reflection rumination). Potential moderators that may influence the magnitude of these relationships were also examined. RESULTS A small-to-moderate positive association between rumination and NSSI was found independent of rumination subtype. Moderating effects included NSSI outcome measure and study design for overall rumination and general rumination, respectively. Race was found to moderate the relationships between both brooding and depressive rumination and NSSI, though in inverse directions. An analysis of effect heterogeneity across studies suggested that undetected moderators may be present. CONCLUSION Results of this study support the relationships between rumination subtypes and NSSI and identify factors that may impact these relationships. Continued research is needed to understand this association, particularly in more varied subtypes of rumination and cognitive-affective moderators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey C Cheung
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Nicole K Ciesinski
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael S McCloskey
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Uzun K, Arslan G. Rumination and Forgiveness in Emerging Adults: Mediating Role of Mindfulness and Humility. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241256641. [PMID: 38768414 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241256641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine whether mindfulness and humility mediate the influence of rumination on forgiveness among emerging adults. The sample consisted of 392 individuals in the emerging adulthood stage, residing in Türkiye, with 69.10% females and 30.90% males, aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 20.19, SD = 1.77). Data were collected through a demographic information form and four self-report scales. In addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and bootstrap analysis were employed for data analysis. According to the study's findings, it can be inferred that ruminative thoughts among emerging adults hinder their ability to forgive. Furthermore, the study revealed that mindfulness and humility serve as mediators in the relationship between ruminative thoughts and forgiveness in emerging adults. In this context, it can be concluded that leveraging the positive effects of mindfulness and humility can mitigate the adverse impact of rumination on forgiveness among emerging adults, thus enhancing their inclination towards forgiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kıvanç Uzun
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye
| | - Gökmen Arslan
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye; Centre for Wellbeing Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Long J, Peng L, Li Q, Niu L, Dai H, Zhang J, Chen K, Lee TMC, Huang M, Zhang R. Acute stress impairs intentional memory suppression through aberrant prefrontal cortex activation in high trait ruminators. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100463. [PMID: 38699400 PMCID: PMC11063604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Research shows that the effect of acute stress on intentional memory suppression could be modulated by individual differences in psychological traits. However, whether acute stress distinctly affects intentional memory suppression in high trait ruminators, a high at-risk group of stress-related disorders, and the neural correlations, remains unclear. Method 55 healthy college students were divided into high and low trait ruminators (HTR and LTR), Following stress manipulation, a Think/No Think task assessed the memory suppression performance. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was applied to explore the neural correlates. Psychophysiological interaction analyses were used to assess how the functional connectivity between a seed region and another brain region was modulated by tasks during memory suppression, further mediating memory suppression performance and state rumination. Results The HTR exhibited poorer memory suppression performance than the LTR under the stress condition. Aberrant activation patterns and task-modulated functional connectivity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) were observed only in the HTR during memory suppression under the stress condition. The effect of memory suppression performance on the state rumination of individuals was significantly mediated by the task-modulated functional connectivity between the DLPFC and STG. Conclusions The findings could provide insights for prevention or early intervention in the development of stress-related disorders in HTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Long
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
- Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Lanxin Peng
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Lijing Niu
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Haowei Dai
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Keyin Chen
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
| | - Tatia MC Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Meiyan Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruibin Zhang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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12
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Jin Y, Bowers BJ, Cotton QD, Ersig AL. Self-identified culturally related stressors that influence self-care in older adults with multiple chronic conditions: A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1550-1561. [PMID: 38151803 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify culturally related stressors that influence self-care in Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions. BACKGROUND Effective self-care can improve health outcomes for chronic conditions, but implementing self-care is challenging. Individuals with multiple chronic conditions face even more self-care complexity than those with single chronic conditions, generating additional stressors. Although stressors have been found to negatively influence self-care in multiple chronic conditions, the role of culture in generating stressors has been neglected. DESIGN This paper reports on the qualitative component of a larger mixed-methods study. Two free-response items in a survey were used to identify culturally related stressors that influence self-care. This report adhered to the SRQR guideline checklist. METHODS Data were collected between January and April 2022. One hundred and thirty-eight free text responses asking participants to identify stressors that influenced their self-care effectiveness were analysed sequentially using deductive content analysis and thematic analysis. RESULTS Findings from deductive content analysis largely confirmed published work in Western literature on stressors complicating self-care, including symptom burdens, financial strains, social disconnection, caregiving responsibilities and major life events. Findings from reflexive thematic analysis extended current literature by identifying three culturally relevant stressors: intergenerational obligations and commitments, ambivalence about receiving care and worries about potential problems. CONCLUSION Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions identified a wide range of stressors that impacted their day-to-day self-care. This study provided valuable insights into culturally related stressors in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Findings deepened our knowledge of cultural influences on the success of self-care in older adults with multiple chronic conditions, suggesting the potential for reaching populations across different cultures and regions. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE Stressors that might influence self-care ability are important for nurses to assess in people with multiple chronic conditions. The design of self-care interventions should take a culturally tailored intergenerational family-centred approach to help mitigate the impact of stressors and ultimately improve patient outcomes. IMPACT What problem did the study address? Stressors documented in older adults with MCCs have all been generated from research with Western populations. China is now home to the largest population of older people in the world. Understanding the influence of culturally relevant stressors on self-care in Chinese older adults with MCCs is lacking. What were the main findings? Findings from deductive content analysis largely confirmed published work in Western literature on stressors that complicated self-care, including symptom burdens, financial strains, social disconnection, caregiving responsibilities and major life events. Findings from reflexive thematic analysis extended current literature by identifying three culturally relevant stressors in older adults with MCCs in China: intergenerational obligations and commitments, ambivalence about receiving care and worries about potential problems. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? The research will have an impact on guiding nurses' assessment of culturally relevant stressors' impact on self-care for older adults with MCCs. In addition, findings could inform research and policy development to aim at mitigating the impact of culturally based stressors on self-care. REPORTING METHOD This study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) guideline checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION During the member-checking process, the validation of findings for accuracy was carried out by 10 participants, who also found resonance between these findings and their own experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jin
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Barbara J Bowers
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Quinton D Cotton
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anne L Ersig
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Boucher EM, Ward H, Miles CJ, Henry RD, Stoeckl SE. Effects of a Digital Mental Health Intervention on Perceived Stress and Rumination in Adolescents Aged 13 to 17 Years: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e54282. [PMID: 38551617 PMCID: PMC11015368 DOI: 10.2196/54282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although adolescents report high levels of stress, they report engaging in few stress management techniques. Consequently, developing effective and targeted programs to help address this transdiagnostic risk factor in adolescence is particularly important. Most stress management programs for adolescents are delivered within schools, and the evidence for these programs is mixed, suggesting a need for alternative options for stress management among adolescents. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to test the short-term effects of a self-guided digital mental health intervention (DMHI) designed for adolescents on perceived stress and rumination (ie, brooding). METHODS This was a 12-week, 2-arm decentralized randomized controlled trial of adolescents aged 13 to 17 years who presented with elevated levels of perceived stress and brooding. Participants were randomly assigned to engage with a self-guided DMHI (Happify for Teens) or to a waitlist control. Participants assigned to the intervention group were given access to the program for 12 weeks. Happify for Teens consists of various evidence-based activities drawn from therapeutic modalities such as cognitive behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and mindfulness, which are then organized into several programs targeting specific areas of concern (eg, Stress Buster 101). Participants in the waitlist control received access to this product for 12 weeks upon completing the study. Participants in both groups completed measures of perceived stress, brooding, optimism, sleep disturbance, and loneliness at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Changes in outcomes between the intervention and waitlist control groups were assessed using repeated-measures multilevel models. RESULTS Of the 303 participants included in data analyses, 132 were assigned to the intervention and 171 to the waitlist. There were significantly greater improvements in the intervention condition for perceived stress (intervention: B=-1.50; 95% CI -1.82 to -1.19; P<.001 and control: B=-0.09; 95% CI -0.44 to 0.26; P=.61), brooding (intervention: B=-0.84; 95% CI -1.00 to -0.68; P<.001 and control: B=-0.30; 95% CI -0.47 to -0.12; P=.001), and loneliness (intervention: B=-0.96; 95% CI -1.2 to -0.73; P<.001 and control: B=-0.38; 95% CI: -0.64 to -0.12; P=.005) over the 12-week study period. Changes in optimism and sleep disturbance were not significantly different across groups (Ps≥.096). CONCLUSIONS Happify for Teens was effective at reducing perceived stress, rumination, and loneliness among adolescents over 12 weeks when compared to a waitlist control group. Our data reveal the potential benefits of DMHIs for adolescents, which may present a more scalable, destigmatized, and cost-effective alternative to school-based programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04567888; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04567888. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/25545.
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Greenaway AM, Hwang F, Nasuto S, Ho AK. Rumination in dementia and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and attentional biases. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38461459 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2327679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Rumination (self-referential and repetitive thinking), attentional biases (AB), and impaired cognitive control are theorized as being integral factors in depression and anxiety. Yet, research examining the relationship between rumination, mood, and AB for populations with reduced cognitive control, e.g., people living with dementia (PwD), is lacking. To explore whether literature-based relationships are demonstrated in dementia, PwD (n = 64) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 75) completed an online self-report survey measuring rumination and mood (twice), and a telephone cognitive status interview (once). Rumination was measured as an emotion-regulation style, thinking style, and response to depression. We examined the test-retest reliability of PwD's (n = 50) ruminative-scale responses, ruminative-scale internal consistency, and correlations between rumination, age, cognitive ability, and mood scores. Also, nine participants (PwD = 6, HC = 3) completed an AB measure via eye-tracking. Participants fixated on a cross, naturally viewed pairs of facial images conveying sad, angry, happy, and neutral emotions, and then fixated on a dot. Exploratory analyses of emotional-face dwell-times versus rumination and mood scores were conducted. Except for the HC group's reflective response to depression measure, rumination measures were reliable, and correlation strengths between rumination and mood scores (.29 to .79) were in line with literature for both groups. For the AB measure subgroup, ruminative thinking style scores and angry-face metrics were negatively correlated. The results of this study show that literature-based relationships between rumination, depression, and anxiety are demonstrated in dementia, but the relationship between rumination and AB requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Greenaway
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Faustina Hwang
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Slawomir Nasuto
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Aileen K Ho
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK
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Dehghan Manshadi Z, Neshat-Doost HT, Jobson L. Cognitive factors as mediators of the relationship between childhood trauma and depression symptoms: the mediating roles of cognitive overgeneralisation, rumination, and social problem-solving. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2320041. [PMID: 38433724 PMCID: PMC10913708 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2320041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Childhood trauma has negative immediate and long-term impacts on depression. Questions remain, however, regarding the cognitive factors influencing this relationship. This study aimed to investigate the role of three cognitive factors - cognitive overgeneralisation, rumination and social problem-solving - as mediating factors in the relationship between childhood trauma and symptoms of depression.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Iran from March to July 2023. Participants (N = 227; Mean age 32.44 ± 8.95 years) with depression completed measures of childhood trauma, depression, self-overgeneralisation, cognitive errors, memory specificity, rumination and social problem-solving. The conceptual model was assessed using structural equation modelling.Results: Structural equation modelling indicated that childhood trauma had a positive direct effect on depression symptoms. Childhood trauma had a positive indirect effect on depression symptoms through both self-overgeneralisation and rumination and a negative indirect effect on depression through effective social problem-solving strategies.Conclusions: The findings suggest increased exposure to childhood trauma may be associated with elevated depression and self-overgeneralisation, rumination, and effective social problem-solving strategies may play an important role in this relationship. These findings hold potential implications for those working with patients with depression and a history of childhood trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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16
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Tsuchiyagaito A, Aoki S, Cochran G, Kawanori Y, Horiuchi S. Hard to let it go: repetitive negative thinking and hoarding in later life in Japan. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:542-550. [PMID: 37178150 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2209774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Hoarding in older adults can have a detrimental effect on daily life. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) could result in a greater avoidance of discarding and increased saving behaviors; yet, the unique role of RNT on hoarding in older adults remains understudied. This study aimed to investigate whether the intensity of RNT contributes to hoarding in older adults. Methods: Two hundred and sixty-four older adults in Japan (ages 65-86 years, 132 males and 132 females) participated in an online survey. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine whether RNT could significantly explain the variance of hoarding after controlling for age, sex, years of education, self-reported cognitive impairment, and depression. Results: As we expected, RNT was significantly associated with greater hoarding behaviors, such as excessive acquisition (β = .27, p = .005) and difficulty in discarding (β = .27, p = .003). On the other hand, reflection, repetitive thinking without negative emotional valence, was significantly associated with higher scores on clutter (β = .36 p < .001). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of addressing RNT in the prevention and treatment of hoarding symptoms among older adults, potentially leading to more effective interventions and improved outcomes in managing hoarding behaviors in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Tsuchiyagaito
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Aoki
- Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Gabe Cochran
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | | | - Satoshi Horiuchi
- Department of Social and Clinical Psychology, Hijiyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
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17
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Li X, Xia LX. A serial cascade effect of cybervictimization and hostile rumination on the within-person change of moral disengagement. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38386592 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of clarity regarding the developmental mechanisms underlying moral disengagement (a typical moral personality) at the within-person level. To address this issue, we explore the serial cascade effect of cybervictimization and hostile rumination. METHOD The longitudinal relationships between cybervictimization, hostile rumination, and moral disengagement were explored among 1146 undergraduates, assessed four times (T1-T4) across 2 years. RESULTS The random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) analysis revealed that the random intercepts of all variables were positively associated with each other. At the within-person level, cybervictimization at T2 indirectly predicted subsequent changes in moral disengagement at T4 through changes in hostile rumination at T3 (the indirect effect was 0.02); furthermore, moral disengagement at T3 predicted changes in hostile rumination at T4 (β = 0.091). CONCLUSIONS The within-person dynamics of moral disengagement should be partly due to the serial effect of cybervictimization and hostile rumination, whereas hostile rumination and moral disengagement may form a developmental cascade to some degree. These findings and the proposed serial cascade model of moral disengagement could expand our understanding of the developmental mechanism of moral personality. Additionally, caution must be exercised as this study exhibits seemingly small effect sizes and inconsistent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Li
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Xia
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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18
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Neshat Z, Farah Bijari A, Dehshiri G. The relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity with self-compassion in university students: the mediation of repetitive negative thinking. Cogn Process 2024; 25:107-120. [PMID: 37803210 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-compassion is a construct of positive psychology related to personality and cognitive factors. Perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity are prevalent personality traits among university students and are associated with low self-compassion. Further research is required to comprehend how these mechanisms work in creating self-compassion. Consequently, the current study investigated the direct and indirect relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity with self-compassion via repetitive negative thinking. To this end, a sample of 450 students studying in Tehran during the 2022 academic year was selected as the study sample. The results indicated that perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity demonstrate a negative direct relationship with self-compassion, while perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity exhibit an indirect relationship with self-compassion via repetitive negative thinking. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity with self-compassion is not straightforward and that repetitive negative thinking can mediate this relationship. The results can be used to improve methods for increasing self-compassion and paying attention to personality, and cognitive factors can be an important step toward more effective self-compassion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Neshat
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Farah Bijari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Dehshiri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Krupnik V. I like therefore I can, and I can therefore I like: the role of self-efficacy and affect in active inference of allostasis. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1283372. [PMID: 38322807 PMCID: PMC10839114 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1283372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Active inference (AIF) is a theory of the behavior of information-processing open dynamic systems. It describes them as generative models (GM) generating inferences on the causes of sensory input they receive from their environment. Based on these inferences, GMs generate predictions about sensory input. The discrepancy between a prediction and the actual input results in prediction error. GMs then execute action policies predicted to minimize the prediction error. The free-energy principle provides a rationale for AIF by stipulating that information-processing open systems must constantly minimize their free energy (through suppressing the cumulative prediction error) to avoid decay. The theory of homeostasis and allostasis has a similar logic. Homeostatic set points are expectations of living organisms. Discrepancies between set points and actual states generate stress. For optimal functioning, organisms avoid stress by preserving homeostasis. Theories of AIF and homeostasis have recently converged, with AIF providing a formal account for homeo- and allostasis. In this paper, we present bacterial chemotaxis as molecular AIF, where mutual constraints by extero- and interoception play an essential role in controlling bacterial behavior supporting homeostasis. Extending this insight to the brain, we propose a conceptual model of the brain homeostatic GM, in which we suggest partition of the brain GM into cognitive and physiological homeostatic GMs. We outline their mutual regulation as well as their integration based on the free-energy principle. From this analysis, affect and self-efficacy emerge as the main regulators of the cognitive homeostatic GM. We suggest fatigue and depression as target neurocognitive phenomena for studying the neural mechanisms of such regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Krupnik
- Department of Mental Health, Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, CA, United States
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Fox K. Don't let reflection eat you up! Br Dent J 2024; 236:27-29. [PMID: 38225309 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
As dental professionals, reflective practice is considered a key element of learning and development and is therefore encouraged by both dental educational establishments and the regulator. However, following an adverse event, rather than undertaking what is assumed as reflection, and subsequently moving forward with a deeper understanding, many practitioners will ruminate for days/weeks or even months on the situation and internalise the emotional impact. This ruminating process can lead to issues of poor wellbeing and little constructive learning and can ultimately impact on patient care. Therefore, it is vital as a profession that we understand the difference between reflection and rumination and are aware of the predisposing factors. In addition, strategies to facilitate effective reflective practice and discourage rumination should be enabled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Fox
- Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Liverpool and Professional Development Coach, Liverpool, UK.
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21
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Yoon L, Keenan KE, Hipwell AE, Forbes EE, Guyer AE. Hooked on a thought: Associations between rumination and neural responses to social rejection in adolescent girls. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101320. [PMID: 37922608 PMCID: PMC10641579 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumination is a significant risk factor for psychopathology in adolescent girls and is associated with heightened and prolonged physiological arousal following social rejection. However, no study has examined how rumination relates to neural responses to social rejection in adolescent girls; thus, the current study aimed to address this gap. Adolescent girls (N = 116; ages 16.95-19.09) self-reported on their rumination tendency and completed a social evaluation fMRI task where they received fictitious feedback (acceptance, rejection) from peers they liked or disliked. Rejection-related neural activity and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) connectivity were regressed on rumination, controlling for rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms. Rumination was associated with distinctive neural responses following rejection from liked peers including increased neural activity in the precuneus, inferior parietal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and supplementary motor area (SMA) and reduced sgACC connectivity with multiple regions including medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Greater precuneus and SMA activity mediated the effect of rumination on slower response time to report emotional state after receiving rejection from liked peers. These findings provide clues for distinctive cognitive processes (e.g., mentalizing, conflict processing, memory encoding) following the receipt of rejection in girls with high levels of rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyun Yoon
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Kate E Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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22
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Michel-Kröhler A, Wessa M, Berti S. Experimental induction of state rumination: A study evaluating the efficacy of goal-cueing task in different experimental settings. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288450. [PMID: 37992013 PMCID: PMC10664951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on previous studies, the present four experiments (total N = 468) aimed at investigating the effectivity of rumination induction in different experimental settings. We were particularly interested in rumination in the context of individual goal achievement and tested whether an instruction that referred to unresolved goals had a direct observable effect on state rumination. For this purpose, participants were asked to identify, evaluate, and focus on a personally relevant goal that was previously unresolved and still bothered them. In Experiment 1a to 1c, we compared three different modifications of the unresolved condition with shortened instructions with the elaborated unresolved condition and an additional control condition that did not refer to goals. In general, the results were mixed, but basically confirmed the effectiveness of the method used. Finally, in Experiment 2, we compared the two most promising versions of the unresolved condition and, by adding a goal-related control condition, we examined which control condition was best suited to maximize effects related to state rumination in future research. Results of various mixed ANOVAs demonstrated that a shortened version (in terms of shortened audio instructions) of the unresolved condition could be used as well as the original unresolved condition to induce reliable state rumination. The significance of the effects obtained with this method for real-life applications as well as approaches for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Michel-Kröhler
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Berti
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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23
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Laicher H, Int-Veen I, Woloszyn L, Wiegand A, Kroczek A, Sippel D, Leehr EJ, Lawyer G, Albasini F, Frischholz C, Mössner R, Nieratschker V, Rubel J, Fallgatter A, Ehlis AC, Rosenbaum D. In situ fNIRS measurements during cognitive behavioral emotion regulation training in rumination-focused therapy: A randomized-controlled trial. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 40:103525. [PMID: 37839195 PMCID: PMC10589893 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), including rumination, plays a key role in various psychopathologies. Although several psychotherapeutic treatments have been developed to reduce RNT, the neural correlates of those specific treatments and of psychotherapy in general are largely unknown. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers the potential to investigate the neural correlates of psychotherapeutic techniques in situ. Therefore, in this study we investigated the efficacy and neural correlates of a fNIRS adapted Mindfulness-based Emotion Regulation Training (MBERT) for the treatment of depressive rumination in 42 subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) in a cross-over designed randomized controlled trial. Using psychometric measures, subjective ratings and fNIRS, we analyzed in situ changes in depressive symptom severity, ruminative thoughts and cortical activity in the Cognitive Control Network (CCN). Our results show that MBERT is effective in treating depressive symptoms and rumination. On a neural level, we found consistently higher cortical activation during emotion regulation training compared to control trials in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, cortical oxygenation decreased from session to session in the bilateral DLPFC. The relevance of the results for the psychotherapeutic treatment of MDD as well as further necessary investigations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Laicher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Isabell Int-Veen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Leonie Woloszyn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ariane Wiegand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnes Kroczek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Sippel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Glenn Lawyer
- Machine Learning Solutions, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Francesco Albasini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Frischholz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rainald Mössner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
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24
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Dougherty EN, Bottera AR, Haedt-Matt AA, Wildes JE. Reconceptualizing emotion regulation and coping strategy usage in eating disorders research: The utility of a regulatory flexibility framework. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:1835-1841. [PMID: 37465948 PMCID: PMC10592414 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Emotion regulation and coping strategies are often conceptualized in eating disorder (ED) research as inherently adaptive or maladaptive, and successful regulation is often defined as greater overall use of adaptive strategies. However, recent empirical work outside of the field of EDs challenges this categorical conceptualization of strategies, demonstrating that adaptiveness is determined by the ability to flexibly implement and adjust strategies based on contextual demands (i.e., regulatory flexibility). Despite evidence that emotion regulation and coping strategies are best conceptualized in terms of flexibility in the broader literature, few ED studies have adopted this model. We review the current conceptual framework of emotion regulation and coping strategies used in ED research and present regulatory flexibility as an alternative approach to conceptualizing these strategies. The lack of research on regulatory flexibility among individuals with EDs limits our understanding of the role of emotion regulation and coping difficulties in ED risk and maintenance. Adopting a regulatory flexibility model of strategies in EDs may extend knowledge of the role of emotion regulation difficulties in the development and maintenance of EDs. We highlight the potential utility of investigating regulatory flexibility and present recommendations for future research on regulatory flexibility in EDs. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Research on emotion regulation and coping strategy usage in eating disorders often view regulatory strategies as inherently adaptive or maladaptive. However, recent studies support defining strategies in terms of flexibility. Adopting a regulatory flexibility model of strategies in eating disorders research may advance knowledge of the role of emotion regulation difficulties in the development and maintenance of eating disorders, ultimately enhancing prevention and treatment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angeline R Bottera
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alissa A Haedt-Matt
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wildes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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25
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Motolese F, Stelitano D, Lanzone J, Albergo G, Cruciani A, Masciulli C, Musumeci G, Pilato F, Rossi M, Ribolsi M, Di Lazzaro V, Capone F. Feasibility and efficacy of an at-home, smart-device aided mindfulness program in people with Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 78:104931. [PMID: 37603929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease with a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Mindfulness is a practice that encourages individuals to cultivate a present-focused, acceptance-based approach for managing psychological distress. Its positive effect on MS has been demonstrated, but learning such technique is expensive and time-consuming. In this study, we investigated the feasibility and efficacy of an 8-week, at-home, smart-device aided mindfulness program in a cohort of MS patients. Specifically, we explored the role of a brain-sensing headband providing real-time auditory feedback as supportive tool for meditation exercises. METHODS The study included two visits, one at baseline and another after the mindfulness program. We measured adherence to the proposed mindfulness treatment and its effect on questionnaires investigating different psychological domains, cognition, fatigue, quality of life and quantitative EEG parameters. All participants received a smart biofeedback device to be used during the therapeutic program consisting of daily meditative exercises. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were recruited for the present study. Among them, 27 (93%) completed the entire program and 17 (63%) completed more than 80% of the scheduled sessions. We observed a statistically significant reduction of the Ruminative Response Scale score and a significant increase of the Digit Span Backward. Regarding neurophysiological data, we found a significant reduction of the whole-scalp beta and parieto-occipital theta power post intervention. CONCLUSION Our results show that an at-home, smart-device aided mindfulness program is feasible for people with MS. The efficacy in terms of reappraisals of stress, cognitive and emotional coping responses is also supported by our neurophysiological data. Further studies are warranted to better explore the role of such approaches in managing the psychological impact of MS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Motolese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Domenica Stelitano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lanzone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Unit of Milan Institute, Italy
| | - Giuliano Albergo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cruciani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Musumeci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy.
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26
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Dell’Osso L, Massoni L, Battaglini S, De Felice C, Nardi B, Amatori G, Cremone IM, Carpita B. Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1234518. [PMID: 37791135 PMCID: PMC10544895 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1234518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of emotional dysregulation (ED) has recently gained interest in the scientific literature and is commonly defined as the inability to use the modulatory mechanisms involved in emotion regulation, resulting in a functioning meaningfully below the baseline. Even though the data available are still limited, an increasing number of studies have hypothesized a promoting role for some of the core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the development of ED, in particular being repetitive behaviors, social difficulties and alexythimia. In this framework, the purpose of this study was to review the literature that is currently available about presence and correlates of ED in young adults with autism spectrum conditions as well as to offer some insights about possible implications for illness trajectories. The data reported seems to point to a shared etiology between ED and repetitive/restricted ASD symptoms, with perseveration features serving as the foundation for the inability to control one's emotions. In this context, a neurodevelopmental basis for ED could be consistent with the transnosographic conceptualization of ASD, which hypothesizes a potential neurodevelopmental basis for several psychiatric disorders, whose autistic traits would be the phenotypical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Carpita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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27
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Eberle DJ, Maercker A. Stress-associated symptoms and disorders: A transdiagnostic comparison. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:1047-1057. [PMID: 37092756 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The ICD-11 features a new group of disorders specifically associated with stress, which are interlinked by various symptoms, such as intrusive memory symptoms. Although research interest in these new ICD-11 diagnoses is growing rapidly, so far, no studies have systematically investigated the transdiagnostic distribution of stress-associated symptoms in these disorders. In the present study, 447 individuals completed a series of online questionnaires, which measured various stress-associated symptoms, e.g., flashbacks, preoccupation or yearning. Findings showed that the majority of correlations between the measured psychopathological constructs was between 0.30 and 0.60. Furthermore, with regard to specific diagnostic groups, a complex variation of stress-associated symptoms was observed, with preoccupation as a predominant symptom in all disorders. Results demonstrate that stress-associated symptoms are inherently interconnected yet possess an individual variation in different disorders. Furthermore, findings illustrate that preoccupation represents a major feature in all stress-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Eberle
- Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Maercker
- Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Hu B, Mao Y, Kim KJ. How social anxiety leads to problematic use of conversational AI: The roles of loneliness, rumination, and mind perception. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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29
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Sommerfeld E, Mello ZR, Worrell FC. The Hebrew version of the adolescent and adult time inventory-time attitudes scales (AATI-TA): a validation study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12238. [PMID: 37507454 PMCID: PMC10382578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the construct validity of scores on the Hebrew version of the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory-Time Attitudes Scale (AATI-TA). The AATI-TA was translated into Hebrew by bilingual speakers, using the back-translation method. Participants included 452 young adults (Mage = 22.47, SDage = 1.98, 51.5% female). Several measures of psychological well-being were used to establish convergent validity, including scales assessing self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism, and depressive, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. Internal consistency estimates for AATI-TA scores were high and confirmatory factor analyses supported the six-factor structure. Correlational analyses indicated the expected relationships between time attitudes and measures of psychological well-being, providing convergent validity support for the AATI-TA scores. The findings of this study support the use of the Hebrew version of the AATI-TA in further studies about time attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zena R Mello
- San Francisco State University, San Francisco, USA
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30
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Błachnio A, Przepiórka A, Kot P, Cudo A, McElroy E. The mediating role of rumination between stress appraisal and cyberchondria. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 238:103946. [PMID: 37499622 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyberchondria, defined as excessive concern about one's health and looking for solutions to health problems on the Internet, is becoming increasingly common. This paper examines the relations between the dimensions of stress appraisal (threat, challenge-activity, challenge-passivity, harm/loss) and cyberchondria. We also tested whether these relations were mediated by rumination. The study included a nonclinical sample of N = 615 participants aged 18 to 83 years (M = 43.86, SD = 14.57, 53 % women), who completed the short version of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale, the Rumination Scale, and the Stress Appraisal Questionnaire. We used the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. The results revealed that rumination was a partial mediator between stress as a threat and cyberchondria and between stress as a harm/loss and cyberchondria. Cyberchondria was positively related to rumination, stress as a threat, and stress as a harm/loss and negatively related to the challenge-activity dimension of stress appraisal. The study indicates that stress appraisal is linked to cyberchondria and that rumination plays an important role in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paweł Kot
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Cudo
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
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31
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Wong SMY, Chen EYH, Lee MCY, Suen YN, Hui CLM. Rumination as a Transdiagnostic Phenomenon in the 21st Century: The Flow Model of Rumination. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1041. [PMID: 37508974 PMCID: PMC10377138 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumination and its related mental phenomena share associated impairments in cognition, such as executive functions and attentional processes across different clinical conditions (e.g., in psychotic disorders). In recent decades, however, the notion of rumination has been increasingly narrowed to the "self-focused" type in depressive disorders. A closer review of the literature shows that rumination may be construed as a broader process characterized by repetitive thoughts about certain mental contents that interfere with one's daily activities, not only limited to those related to "self". A further examination of the construct of rumination beyond the narrowly focused depressive rumination would help expand intervention opportunities for mental disorders in today's context. We first review the development of the clinical construct of rumination with regard to its historical roots and its roles in psychopathology. This builds the foundation for the introduction of the "Flow Model of Rumination (FMR)", which conceptualizes rumination as a disruption of a smooth flow of mental contents in conscious experience that depends on the coordinated interactions between intention, memory, affect, and external events. The conceptual review concludes with a discussion of the impact of rapid technological advances (such as smartphones) on rumination. Particularly in contemporary societies today, a broader consideration of rumination not only from a cognition viewpoint, but also incorporating a human-device interaction perspective, is necessitated. The implications of the FMR in contemporary mental health practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michelle C Y Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christy L M Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Morin A. The Self Course: Lessons Learned from Students' Weekly Questions. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:525. [PMID: 37503972 PMCID: PMC10376065 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, I tentatively answer 50 questions sampled from a pool of over 10,000 weekly questions formulated by students in a course entitled "The Self". The questions pertain to various key topics related to self-processes, such as self-awareness, self-knowledge, self-regulation, self-talk, self-esteem, and self-regulation. The students' weekly questions and their answers highlight what is currently known about the self. Answers to the student questions also allow for the identification of some recurrent lessons about the self. Some of these lessons include: all self-processes are interconnected (e.g., prospection depends on autobiography), self-terms must be properly defined (e.g., self-rumination and worry are not the same), inner speech plays an important role in self-processes, controversies are numerous (are animals self-aware?), measurement issues abound (e.g., self-recognition as an operationalization of self-awareness), deficits in some self-processes can have devastating effects (e.g., self-regulatory deficits may lead to financial problems), and there are lots of unknowns about the self (e.g., gender differences in Theory-of-Mind).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Morin
- Department of Psychology, Mount Royal University, 4825 Richard Road S.W., Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada
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Sabzevari F, Samadi H, Ayatizadeh F, Machado S. Effectiveness of Mindfulness-acceptance-commitment based approach for Rumination, Cognitive Flexibility and Sports Performance of Elite Players of Beach Soccer: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 2-months Follow-up. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2023; 19:e174501792303282. [PMID: 37916212 PMCID: PMC10487324 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objective There is little research on the effectiveness of new approaches to psychology, including mindfulness-acceptance-commitment, especially in team disciplines. Therefore, this study compared mindfulness-acceptance and commitment-based approaches to rumination, cognitive flexibility, and sports performance of elite beach soccer players during a two-month follow-up. Methods The research design consisted of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), with follow-up. Thus, 34 players of the premier league of beach soccer were randomly divided into intervention and control groups based on mindfulness acceptance and commitment. The experimental group exercises consisted of one session per week for 7 weeks and daily homework. Participants filled out the questionnaires of the Ruminative Response Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and Sports Performance Questionnaire before, after, and at two months of follow-up of the intervention. Results Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used to evaluate the changes over time and compare the scores of the subjects of the two groups. The results showed a significant difference in mindfulness-acceptance and commitment intervention in the experimental group on pre- vs. post-test and pre-test vs. follow-up scores of research variables. Also, a comparison of groups using independent T-test analysis showed a significant effect of mindfulness-acceptance and commitment exercises on research variables in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion Findings suggest that mindfulness, commitment, and acceptance exercises can be used as a new method to reduce rumination and increase cognitive flexibility and sports performance of elite beach soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Samadi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Ayatizadeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sergio Machado
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil
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Helpman L. On the Stress of Being a Woman: The synergistic contribution of sex as a biological variable and gender as a psychosocial one to risk of stress-related disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105211. [PMID: 37141960 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress-related disorders (SRD) disproportionately affect women. Cortisol blunting, a failure to demonstrate a typical rise and fall of cortisol in response to stress, is associated with SRDs and has been found to be more pronounced among women. Cortisol blunting relates to both sex as a biological variable (SABV; e.g., estrogens and their fluctuations, impact on neural circuits) and gender as a psychosocial variable (GAPSV; e.g., discrimination, harassment, gender roles). I suggest a theoretical model linking experience, sex- and gender-related factors, and neuroendocrine substrates of SRD to the heightened risk among women. The model thus bridges multiple gaps in the literature to create a synergistic conceptual framework with which to understand the stress of being a woman. Utilizing such a framework in research may allow identifying targeted, sex-and gender-dependent risk factors, informing psychological treatment, medical advice, educational and community programming, and policy. DATA AVAILABILITY: All references are cited as required, no other data is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Helpman
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Haifa.
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Ben Salem M, Karlin NJ. Dispositional Mindfulness and Positive Mindset in Emerging Adult College Students: The Mediating Role of Decentering. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:601-619. [PMID: 34970935 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211061705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood is often recognized as a time of uncertainty, confusion, pressure, and stress. This time period also coincides in the Western world with attending college. Many emerging adults arrive at this developmental stage feeling the pressure and obligation for success, but lack the interpersonal resources needed to make required choices. The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the psychological and mental state of this particular group by focusing on mechanisms of self-awareness and its connection to psychological health. The present study examines whether an indirect path could explain the relationships between mindfulness, positive thinking, and positive affect. Path analysis was used to test whether decentering fosters positive thinking and positive affect. Participants were surveyed for dispositional mindfulness, frequency of positive and negative feelings, positive thinking, and rumination. Results show decentering mediates between mindfulness and positive affect but does not mediate between mindfulness and positive thinking. Rumination counteracts the effects of mindfulness and predicts negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Ben Salem
- School of Psychological Sciences, 3604University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
| | - Nancy J Karlin
- School of Psychological Sciences, 3604University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
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Spyropoulou E, Giovazolias T. Investigating the Multidimensionality and Psychometric Properties of the Children's Anger Rumination Scale (CARS): A Bifactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Framework. Assessment 2023; 30:533-550. [PMID: 34865536 DOI: 10.1177/10731911211043569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Anger Rumination (AR) represents a maladaptive cognitive process that contributes negatively to psychosocial functioning. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties (e.g., factorial structure, measurement invariance, and reliability) of the Children's Anger Rumination Scale (CARS). Factorial structure was tested by contrasting alternative model representations of the instrument (one- and four-factor independent cluster models-confirmatory factor analysis [ICM-CFA], exploratory structural equation modelling [ESEM], bifactor-CFA and bifactor-ESEM) in a convenience sample of 552 Greek students (Mage = 11.50 years; 53.6% girls). The hypothesized bifactor-ESEM solution, composed by a general anger rumination factor and four specific factors (Angry Afterthoughts, Thoughts of Revenge, Angry Memories, and Understanding of Causes) provided the best fit to the data and revealed the unitary dimensionality of the CARS. Measurement invariance across gender and age in level of the latent means indicated no significant differences in relation to AR tendency. The CARS showed internal consistency, one-month test-retest reliability as well as desirable patterns of convergent and discriminant validity. The predictive power of the instrument was also supported as participants' AR propensity was found to explain both depressive symptoms and bullying behaviors. Overall, our findings indicate that the CARS is a developmentally appropriate and psychometrically sound instrument that conceptualizes AR as an unidimensional construct among children and preadolescents.
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Wang T, Li M, Xu S, Xiang A, Xu X, Wang H. The relationship between sleep quality and depression: Critical roles of reflective and brooding rumination and sleep-related cognition. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:955-963. [PMID: 36106351 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2124293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a complex interplay between sleep problems and depression. This study explored the possible effects of rumination and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep on the relationship between sleep quality and depression. A cross-sectional survey of 1240 Chinese adults was conducted to assess the possible relationships. The results showed a chain mediating effect of reflection rumination and brooding rumination on the relationship between sleep quality and depression, accounting for 38.91% of the total variance. A moderating role of unreasonable attitudes about sleep was also discovered among the study participants, which enhanced the relationship between reflection and brooding, leading to a further increase in this relationship. Individually-tailored approaches targeting rumination and cognition may more effectively alleviate depression or co-morbid sleep problems and depression than the current standards of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Military Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Song Xu
- Health Service Training Center, No.991 Hospital of PLA, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Aiguo Xiang
- People's Hospital of Fengdu County, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Haiquan Wang
- Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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38
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Ando' A, Passariello G, Zennaro A. From the need to the knowledge. Feeding emotions and thoughts: Assessing emotion regulation strategies in food tribes. Scand J Psychol 2023; 64:212-229. [PMID: 36210528 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Some people choose to follow a certain dietary habit because they are guided by strong beliefs, but also to pursue a healthy lifestyle. Food tribes are defined as social groups sharing common values and beliefs that underlie food and lifestyle choices. The current study aimed to investigate potential differences in emotion regulation between specific food tribes, and when comparing food tribes to people who conversely do not follow a dietary habit. Specifically, we examined the presence of rumination, psychological inflexibility, and emotional contagion as components of emotion dysregulation. A Google form was developed to obtain all the information needed to respond to our research questions and goals, and investigate the following food groups: Veganism, Fruitarianism, Raw Food Diet, Paleodiet, Blood Type group, Breatharianism, Macrobiotic Diet, and Other. The final sample consisted of 378 healthy subjects (117 males, 258 females, 3 other) ranging in age from 18 to 70 years. The first part of Google form consisted of general questions about the participant's dietary habits while the second part included specific questionnaires assessing the psychological constructs we investigated. Vegan people were less conditioned by others in their food choices when compared to the other food tribes. The Paleodiet group associated its food choice with health reasons as well as the Blood Type group. Differences were found in the presence of cognitive inflexibility and rumination, reflective thinking, emotional dysregulation, emotional contagion and also in the representation of their real and ideal (food) communities. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Ando'
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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39
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Slavich GM, Roos LG, Mengelkoch S, Webb CA, Shattuck EC, Moriarity DP, Alley JC. Social Safety Theory: Conceptual foundation, underlying mechanisms, and future directions. Health Psychol Rev 2023; 17:5-59. [PMID: 36718584 PMCID: PMC10161928 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2171900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Classic theories of stress and health are largely based on assumptions regarding how different psychosocial stressors influence biological processes that, in turn, affect human health and behavior. Although theoretically rich, this work has yielded little consensus and led to numerous conceptual, measurement, and reproducibility issues. Social Safety Theory aims to address these issues by using the primary goal and regulatory logic of the human brain and immune system as the basis for specifying the social-environmental situations to which these systems should respond most strongly to maximize reproductive success and survival. This analysis gave rise to the integrated, multi-level formulation described herein, which transforms thinking about stress biology and provides a biologically based, evolutionary account for how and why experiences of social safety and social threat are strongly related to health, well-being, aging, and longevity. In doing so, the theory advances a testable framework for investigating the biopsychosocial roots of health disparities as well as how health-relevant biopsychosocial processes crystalize over time and how perceptions of the social environment interact with childhood microbial environment, birth cohort, culture, air pollution, genetics, sleep, diet, personality, and self-harm to affect health. The theory also highlights several interventions for reducing social threat and promoting resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lydia G. Roos
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Summer Mengelkoch
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian A. Webb
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric C. Shattuck
- Institute for Health Disparities Research and Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel P. Moriarity
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenna C. Alley
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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40
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Ling FCM, Simmons J, Horton M. Development and Validation of Physical Activity-Specific Rumination Scale for Children Through UK Children's Voice. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:283-293. [PMID: 35344472 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1971150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many physical activity (PA) interventions implemented to tackle the child obesity epidemic have shown limited effectiveness, possibly due to a lack of consideration of potential stress that accompanies behavior adaptation and the automatic perseverative cognition that exacerbates the stress (namely rumination). Purpose: The main aim of this paper is to develop and validate the PA-specific Rumination Scale for Children (PARSC) that assesses children's tendencies to engage in repeated negative thoughts about PA (Study 2). Items in the scale were derived from qualitative information about factors that inherently demotivates PA participation (intrinsic barriers) through the lived experience of UK children (Study 1). Methods: For Study 1, pedometry PA data were collected from 143 children (aged 6-10 years). Twenty-one focus groups were formed based on participants' year group, sex and PA level. For PARSC validation (Study 2), 382 children completed the questionnaire twice. Self-report PA, device-based PA, and avoidant coping were also assessed. Results: Study 1-Four overarching themes identified as intrinsic barriers were lack of competence, fear of negative experiences, external constraints and lacking a sense of purpose. Altogether, 10 higher order and lower order themes were used to construct PARSC items. Study 2-From Rasch analysis, PARSC possessed sound internal validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Self-report PA and avoidant coping were predictive of PA-specific rumination, but not device-based PA. Conclusion: PARSC is a useful tool to identify children ruminative about PA for whom interventions can be designed, with the intrinsic barriers considered, to promote PA behavior adaptation.
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41
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Barlett CP. Thinking through situations: The mediating role of rumination in the relationship between need for cognition and aggression. Aggress Behav 2023; 49:172-177. [PMID: 36565469 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Need for cognition (NFC)-a stable personality trait associated with the enjoyment of thinking-has been shown to influence myriad social situations; however, no research has tested the direct and indirect effects of NFC on aggression. We predicted that NFC would negatively correlate with aggression, which would be mediated by rumination. Participants (N = 216 US adults) completed measures assessing NFC, aggression, and rumination. In line with our hypotheses, results showed that NFC was negatively correlated with aggression, and both anger rumination and more general rumination mediated this relationship. Future research and conclusions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Barlett
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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42
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Tagay Ö, Voltan Acar N, Cırcır O. The relationships among ruminative thoughts, Gestalt contact disturbances and unfinished business. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Chang X, Guo C, Zhou H, Liu L. Impact of rumination on sleep quality among patients with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease: a moderated mediation model of anxiety symptoms and resilience. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:84. [PMID: 36732707 PMCID: PMC9893673 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep raises the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hastens disease progression. It is critical to figure out what factors impact the sleep quality of NAFLD patients. The present study aimed to investigate the role of anxiety symptoms in accounting for the impact of rumination on sleep quality and the moderating role of resilience on the associations of rumination with anxiety symptoms and sleep quality. METHODS In the cross-sectional study, 285 NAFLD patients completed the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Ruminative Responses Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, and the 14-item Resilience Scale to measure sleep quality, rumination (including brooding and reflection), anxiety symptoms, and resilience, respectively. The PROCESS macro for SPSS v4.0 procedure was applied to perform moderated mediation analysis. RESULTS The roles of anxiety symptoms in accounting for the positive associations of brooding, reflection and rumination with poor sleep quality were revealed. It was found that there was a significant moderating role of resilience on the positive associations of brooding, reflection and rumination with anxiety symptoms, which were gradually reduced as resilience increased. The direct associations between brooding, reflection and rumination and poor sleep quality were not significantly moderated by resilience. Thus, a moderated mediation model involving anxiety symptoms and resilience for explaining the impact of rumination on poor sleep quality was supported among patients with NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS Rumination (including brooding and reflection) could be positively related to poor sleep quality, and anxiety symptoms had a significant role in accounting for the relationship among patients with NAFLD. Resilience showed a moderating role that could attenuate the positive association between rumination and anxiety symptoms. Interventions aimed at alleviating rumination, reducing anxiety symptoms, and enhancing resilience could improve the sleep quality of NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Chang
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Outpatient Service By Famous Specialists, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenxi Guo
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Arnold EM, Yalch MM, Christodoulou J, Murphy DA, Swendeman D, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Rumination influences the relationship between trauma and depression over time among youth living with HIV. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:9-14. [PMID: 36370915 PMCID: PMC9793436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatizing events often result in long-term mental health symptoms. Identifying the features of the post-trauma experiences that can impact mental health symptoms is key to designing effective interventions. METHODS Youth living with HIV (YLH),1 predominantly sexual and gender minorities (SGM;2 84 % gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, pansexual identities), 78 % Black and Latino, (N = 170) were recruited in New Orleans, LA and Los Angeles, CA from 13 youth-serving agencies. They were assessed for trauma, rumination and depression, with 78 % reassessed for depression at 4 and 74 % at 8 months later. Relationships between these variables were examined using a Bayesian approach to structural equation modeling. RESULTS At recruitment, 78 % of YLH reported at least one traumatic event, and 21 % met the cut-off score indicating depression on the PHQ-9. Ruminations were reported by 41 % of YLH. While associations between trauma and depression were modest (rmean = 0.19), ruminations were moderately associated with depressive symptoms over time (rmean = 0.34). Ruminations were only modestly associated with trauma (rmean = 0.19) but had a robust negative association (λSTD = -0.29) with the slope of depressive symptoms such that the more ruminations YLH experienced, the smaller the decline in depression over time. The associations between trauma and depression were more modest (λSTD ≤ 0.12). Limitations The main limitations of this study are the lack of a scale to measure trauma and the use of a single item measure of rumination. CONCLUSION Ruminations appear to be associated with traumatic events for a large subset of young people, suggesting that future interventions should consider including components addressing ruminations. CLINICALTRIALS gov registration NCT03109431.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America.
| | - Matthew M Yalch
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Joan Christodoulou
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Debra A Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dallas Swendeman
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Rothmund M, Pilz MJ, Egeter N, Lidington E, Piccinin C, Arraras JI, Grønvold M, Holzner B, van Leeuwen M, Petersen MA, Schmidt H, Young T, Giesinger JM. Patient-reported outcome measures for emotional functioning in cancer patients: Content comparison of the EORTC CAT Core, FACT-G, HADS, SF-36, PRO-CTCAE, and PROMIS instruments. Psychooncology 2023; 32:628-639. [PMID: 36707461 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer and its treatment can have substantial impact on patients' emotional functioning. Several patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assessing emotional functioning are available, but differences in content limit the comparability of results. To better understand conceptual (dis)similarities, we conducted a content comparison of commonly used PROMs. METHODS We included emotional functioning items, scales, and item banks from the EORTC CAT Core, EORTC QLQ-C30, FACT-G, Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), SF-36, PRO-CTCAE, and PROMIS (item banks for anxiety, depression, and anger). Item content was linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and a hierarchical framework established for PROMIS. Single items could be coded with more than one ICF category but were solely assigned to one facet within the PROMIS framework. RESULTS The measures comprise 132 unique items covering the ICF components 'Body functions' (136/153 codings, 88.9%) and 'Activities and participation' (15/153, 9.8%). Most ICF codings (112/153, 73.2%) referred to the third-level category 'b1528 Emotional functions, other specified'. According to the PROMIS framework 48.5% of the items assessed depression (64/132 items), followed by anxiety (41/132, 31.1%) and anger (26/132, 19.7%). The EORTC measures covered depression, anxiety, and anger in a single measure, while the PROMIS inventory provides separate item banks for these concepts. The FACT-G, SF-36, PRO-CTCAE and HADS covered depression and anxiety, but not anger. CONCLUSION Our results provide an in-depth conceptual understanding of selected PROMs and important qualitative information going beyond psychometric evidence. Such information supports the identification of PROMs for which scores can be meaningfully linked with quantitative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rothmund
- University Hospital of Psychiatry II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Micha J Pilz
- University Hospital of Psychiatry II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nathalie Egeter
- University Hospital of Psychiatry II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emma Lidington
- Cancer Behavioural Science Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claire Piccinin
- Quality of Life Department, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juan I Arraras
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mogens Grønvold
- Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP, Bispebjerg/Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- University Hospital of Psychiatry I, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marieke van Leeuwen
- Division of Psychosocial Research & Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Morten Aa Petersen
- Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP, Bispebjerg/Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heike Schmidt
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Radiotherapy and Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Teresa Young
- Supportive Oncology Research Team, East & North Hertfordshire NHS Trust Incorporating Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, UK
| | - Johannes M Giesinger
- University Hospital of Psychiatry II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Beck S, Whitaker K, Cropley M. Is rumination associated with psychological distress after a cancer diagnosis? A systematic review. J Psychosoc Oncol 2023; 41:584-609. [PMID: 36604965 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2022.2145925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this work was to review evidence on the association between psychological rumination and distress in those diagnosed with cancer. Methods: Six databases were searched for studies exploring rumination alongside overall assessments of psychological distress, depression, anxiety, or stress. Results: Sixteen studies were identified. Rumination was associated with distress cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, once baseline depression was controlled for, the association was no longer seen. The emotional valence of ruminative thoughts and the style in which they were processed, rather than their topic, was associated with distress. Brooding and intrusive rumination were associated with increased distress, deliberate rumination had no association, and reflection/instrumentality had mixed findings. Conclusions: This review highlights that it is not necessarily the topic of content, but the style and valence of rumination that is important when considering its association with distress. The style of rumination should be the target of clinical intervention, including brooding and intrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Beck
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Mark Cropley
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Attentional Biases and their Push and Pull with Rumination and Co-Rumination is Based on Depressive Symptoms: a Prospective Study of Adolescents. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:399-411. [PMID: 36422731 PMCID: PMC9686224 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Emotion regulation (ER) is central to adolescent mental health and wellbeing. However, the mechanisms underlying two common ER strategies - rumination and its interpersonal counterpart, co-rumination - are insufficiently understood in youth. Past research has documented that attentional disengagement biases are associated with rumination in adults, particularly among individuals with elevated depressive symptoms. Extending this line of research, the current study investigated whether attentional disengagement biases predicted rumination and co-rumination in adolescents based on their symptoms of depression. Using a multi-wave prospective design, 91 early adolescents (47% female, Mage = 12.87) completed a measure of depressive symptoms and the Affective Posner Task to assess early and late attentional processes at baseline. Adolescents also completed measures of rumination and co-rumination at baseline and every 3-months for one year. A multivariate means-as-outcomes multilevel model indicated that early disengagement biases for sad and happy faces interacted with depressive symptoms to predict later rumination and co-rumination. Critically, the direction of findings across rumination and co-rumination differed based on depressive symptoms. Results are the first to delineate a distinct pattern of attentional disengagement biases that predict rumination versus co-rumination in early adolescents. Findings extend theoretical conceptualizations of rumination to youth and provide the first account of cognitive mechanisms underlying co-rumination.
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Chentsova VO, Bravo AJ, Mezquita L, Pilatti A, Hogarth L. Internalizing symptoms, rumination, and problematic social networking site use: A cross national examination among young adults in seven countries. Addict Behav 2023; 136:107464. [PMID: 36067636 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As daily engagement with social networking sites (SNS) increases globally, identifying and understanding the risk factors associated with problematic SNS use is of utmost importance. Researchers are interested in understanding internalizing symptoms as both a risk factor and a negative consequence of problematic SNS use. Prior research has proposed rumination alongside internalizing symptoms as a risk factor, though limited research has examined these associations across different cultures. OBJECTIVE The present study examined the indirect associations between internalizing symptoms (specifically depressive and social anxiety symptoms) and problematic SNS use via rumination among a cross-cultural sample. METHOD Participants were 8,912 (70.8 % female; Mean age = 20.25, SD = 3.95) college students recruited across seven countries (U.S., Canada, Spain, England, Argentina, Uruguay, and South Africa) who completed measures of internalizing symptoms, rumination, weekly SNS use, and problematic SNS use. RESULTS We found that higher internalizing symptoms were associated with more problematic SNS use via higher ruminative thinking. Specifically, problem-focused thoughts (a rumination subtype) uniquely accounted for 22.89% and 28.15% of the total effect of depressive and social anxiety symptoms on problematic SNS use, respectively. Other rumination subtypes (i.e., anticipatory thoughts and repetitive thinking) also demonstrated significant indirect effects, though weaker effects than for problem-focused thoughts. Findings were invariant across countries. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide support for further exploring the role rumination plays in determining and comparing problematic SNS use cross-culturally in longitudinal and experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian J Bravo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary, USA.
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Angelina Pilatti
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Psicología, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, IIPsi, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
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Bagherzadeh R, Sohrabineghad R, Gharibi T, Mehboodi F, Vahedparast H. Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on rumination in patients with breast cancer. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:552. [PMID: 36575482 PMCID: PMC9795671 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer has been a serious public health dilemma for women worldwide, with not only physical and social impairments but also psychological stress responses such as rumination. Rumination is a constant preoccupation with thoughts. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training in lowering rumination among women diagnosed with breast cancer. METHOD This randomized controlled trial with a pretest, posttest, control group, and one-month follow-up design included 46 female breast cancer survivors, recruited from the clinics and hematology wards of Bushehr, Iran. The inclusion criterion was that at least three months should have passed since the last chemotherapy/radiotherapy. The participants were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction training. A demographic information form and a rumination questionnaire were used for data collection, and the participants completed the questionnaire in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the rumination scores of the experimental group at three measurement stages. For the control group, the mean rumination scores on the posttest and follow-up were both significantly higher than on the pre-test (P < 0.001). The control group's mean follow-up rumination score was significantly higher than that of the post-test (P = 0.02). A comparison of the two groups adjusted for the baseline showed a significant difference between them in terms of the mean rumination score on the post-test (P = 0.01) and follow-up (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The experimental group was more successful in avoiding increased rumination than the control group, an ability that can be attributed to the effect of mindfulness training. The use of this method is recommended because it is non-invasive, non-pharmacological, free from complications, and can be easily performed by women. However, future studies should consider larger samples and long-term follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Bagherzadeh
- grid.411832.d0000 0004 0417 4788Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Rezvan Sohrabineghad
- grid.411832.d0000 0004 0417 4788Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Taiebeh Gharibi
- grid.411832.d0000 0004 0417 4788Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Mehboodi
- grid.411832.d0000 0004 0417 4788Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Vahedparast
- grid.411832.d0000 0004 0417 4788Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Ergen İ, Gülgöz S. Mood regulation upon remembering open memories. Memory 2022; 31:357-366. [PMID: 36519371 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2022.2156545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTOpen autobiographical memories are personal life experiences on which an individual does not have closure. It is unknown whether emotion regulation strategies through recalling positive memories are active after recalling open memories. The current study aims to explore the presence of emotion regulation for open memories while testing for the interference of depressive tendencies. The participants were asked to remember an open memory and answer questions on phenomenological features of this event. Later, they recalled a memory without any restrictions and answered similar phenomenological questions. The results showed that the subsequent memories were significantly more closed, more positive, and less intense during retrieval than open memories. Additionally, open memories were reported as involuntarily rehearsed more frequently than the subsequent memories. Depressive tendencies were unrelated to emotion regulation after open memory recall. This study provides insight into the emotion regulation strategies after remembering open memories and how depression could be related to this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Ergen
- Department of Psychology, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sami Gülgöz
- Department of Psychology, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
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