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Wang Z, Wang W, Liu S, Yang F, Liu X, Hua S, Zhu L, Xu A, Hill DL, Wang D, Jiang K, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Liu X, Yao X. CSPP1 stabilizes microtubules by capping both plus and minus ends. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 16:mjae007. [PMID: 38389254 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the dynamic instability of microtubules (MTs) is fundamental to many cellular functions, quiescent MTs with unattached free distal ends are commonly present and play important roles in various events to power cellular dynamics. However, how these free MT tips are stabilized remains poorly understood. Here, we report that centrosome and spindle pole protein 1 (CSPP1) caps and stabilizes both plus and minus ends of static MTs. Real-time imaging of laser-ablated MTs in live cells showed deposition of CSPP1 at the newly generated MT ends, whose dynamic instability was concomitantly suppressed. Consistently, MT ends in CSPP1-overexpressing cells were hyper-stabilized, while those in CSPP1-depleted cells were much more dynamic. This CSPP1-elicited stabilization of MTs was demonstrated to be achieved by suppressing intrinsic MT catastrophe and restricting polymerization. Importantly, CSPP1-bound MTs were resistant to mitotic centromere-associated kinesin-mediated depolymerization. These findings delineate a previously uncharacterized CSPP1 activity that integrates MT end capping to orchestrate quiescent MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shuaiyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Fengrui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shasha Hua
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Aoqing Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Donald L Hill
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Dongmei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Xing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
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Zang JL, Gibson D, Zheng AM, Shi W, Gillies JP, Stein C, Drerup CM, DeSantis ME. CCSer2 gates dynein activity at the cell periphery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598865. [PMID: 38915497 PMCID: PMC11195223 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein-1 (dynein) is a microtubule-associated, minus end-directed motor that traffics hundreds of different cargos. Dynein must discriminate between cargos and traffic them at the appropriate time from the correct cellular region. How dynein's trafficking activity is regulated in time or cellular space remains poorly understood. Here, we identify CCSer2 as the first known protein to gate dynein activity in the spatial dimension. CCSer2 promotes the migration of developing zebrafish primordium cells and of cultured human cells by facilitating the trafficking of cargos that are acted on by cortically localized dynein. CCSer2 inhibits the interaction between dynein and its regulator Ndel1 exclusively at the cell periphery, resulting in localized dynein activation. Our findings suggest that the spatial specificity of dynein is achieved by the localization of proteins that disinhibit Ndel1. We propose that CCSer2 defines a broader class of proteins that activate dynein in distinct microenvironments via Ndel1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L Zang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Daytan Gibson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ann-Marie Zheng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Wanjing Shi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - John P Gillies
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Chris Stein
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Catherine M Drerup
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Morgan E DeSantis
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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3
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D'Incal C, Van Dijck A, Ibrahim J, De Man K, Bastini L, Konings A, Elinck E, Gozes L, Marusic Z, Anicic M, Vukovic J, Van der Aa N, Mateiu L, Vanden Berghe W, Kooy RF. ADNP dysregulates methylation and mitochondrial gene expression in the cerebellum of a Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome autopsy case. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:62. [PMID: 38637827 PMCID: PMC11027339 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which patients present with autism, intellectual disability, and frequent extra-neurological features such as feeding and gastrointestinal problems, visual impairments, and cardiac abnormalities. All patients exhibit heterozygous de novo nonsense or frameshift stop mutations in the Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein (ADNP) gene, accounting for a prevalence of 0.2% of all autism cases worldwide. ADNP fulfills an essential chromatin remodeling function during brain development. In this study, we investigated the cerebellum of a died 6-year-old male patient with the c.1676dupA/p.His559Glnfs*3 ADNP mutation. RESULTS The clinical presentation of the patient was representative of the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome. During his lifespan, he underwent two liver transplantations after which the child died because of multiple organ failure. An autopsy was performed, and various tissue samples were taken for further analysis. We performed a molecular characterization of the cerebellum, a brain region involved in motor coordination, known for its highest ADNP expression and compared it to an age-matched control subject. Importantly, epigenome-wide analysis of the ADNP cerebellum identified CpG methylation differences and expression of multiple pathways causing neurodevelopmental delay. Interestingly, transcription factor motif enrichment analysis of differentially methylated genes showed that the ADNP binding motif was the most significantly enriched. RNA sequencing of the autopsy brain further identified downregulation of the WNT signaling pathway and autophagy defects as possible causes of neurodevelopmental delay. Ultimately, label-free quantification mass spectrometry identified differentially expressed proteins involved in mitochondrial stress and sirtuin signaling pathways amongst others. Protein-protein interaction analysis further revealed a network including chromatin remodelers (ADNP, SMARCC2, HDAC2 and YY1), autophagy-related proteins (LAMP1, BECN1 and LC3) as well as a key histone deacetylating enzyme SIRT1, involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The protein interaction of ADNP with SIRT1 was further biochemically validated through the microtubule-end binding proteins EB1/EB3 by direct co-immunoprecipitation in mouse cerebellum, suggesting important mito-epigenetic crosstalk between chromatin remodeling and mitochondrial energy metabolism linked to autophagy stress responses. This is further supported by mitochondrial activity assays and stainings in patient-derived fibroblasts which suggest mitochondrial dysfunctions in the ADNP deficient human brain. CONCLUSION This study forms the baseline clinical and molecular characterization of an ADNP autopsy cerebellum, providing novel insights in the disease mechanisms of the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome. By combining multi-omic and biochemical approaches, we identified a novel SIRT1-EB1/EB3-ADNP protein complex which may contribute to autophagic flux alterations and impaired mitochondrial metabolism in the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome and holds promise as a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Incal
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Dijck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Family Medicine and Population Health (FAMPOP), Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joe Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin De Man
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lina Bastini
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anthony Konings
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ellen Elinck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lllana Gozes
- The Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zlatko Marusic
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Anicic
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jurica Vukovic
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nathalie Van der Aa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ligia Mateiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Meier SM, Steinmetz MO, Barral Y. Microtubule specialization by +TIP networks: from mechanisms to functional implications. Trends Biochem Sci 2024; 49:318-332. [PMID: 38350804 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
To fulfill their actual cellular role, individual microtubules become functionally specialized through a broad range of mechanisms. The 'search and capture' model posits that microtubule dynamics and functions are specified by cellular targets that they capture (i.e., a posteriori), independently of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) they emerge from. However, work in budding yeast indicates that MTOCs may impart a functional identity to the microtubules they nucleate, a priori. Key effectors in this process are microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs), which track microtubule tips to regulate their dynamics and facilitate their targeted interactions. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of a priori microtubule specialization, focusing on recent findings indicating that +TIP networks may undergo liquid biomolecular condensation in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro M Meier
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, and Bringing Materials to Life Initiative, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland; Bringing Materials to Life Initiative, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michel O Steinmetz
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland; University of Basel, Biozentrum, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Yves Barral
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, and Bringing Materials to Life Initiative, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Bringing Materials to Life Initiative, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.
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5
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Felício D, Santos M. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11): TTBK2 variants, functions and associated disease mechanisms. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:678-687. [PMID: 36892783 PMCID: PMC10951003 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a rare type of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, mainly characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, abnormal eye signs and dysarthria. SCA11 is caused by variants in TTBK2, which encodes tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) protein. Only a few families with SCA11 were described to date, all harbouring small deletions or insertions that result in frameshifts and truncated TTBK2 proteins. In addition, TTBK2 missense variants were also reported but they were either benign or still needed functional validation to ascertain their pathogenic potential in SCA11. The mechanisms behind cerebellar neurodegeneration mediated by TTBK2 pathogenic alleles are not clearly established. There is only one neuropathological report and a few functional studies in cell or animal models published to date. Moreover, it is still unclear whether the disease is caused by TTBK2 haploinsufficiency of by a dominant negative effect of TTBK2 truncated forms on the normal allele. Some studies point to a lack of kinase activity and mislocalization of mutated TTBK2, while others reported a disruption of normal TTBK2 function caused by SCA11 alleles, particularly during ciliogenesis. Although TTBK2 has a proven function in cilia formation, the phenotype caused by heterozygous TTBK2 truncating variants are not clearly typical of ciliopathies. Thus, other cellular mechanisms may explain the phenotype seen in SCA11. Neurotoxicity caused by impaired TTBK2 kinase activity against known neuronal targets, such as tau, TDP-43, neurotransmitter receptors or transporters, may contribute to neurodegeneration in SCA11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Felício
- UnIGENe, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Santos
- UnIGENe, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Deretic J, Odabasi E, Firat-Karalar EN. The multifaceted roles of microtubule-associated proteins in the primary cilium and ciliopathies. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261148. [PMID: 38095645 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a conserved microtubule-based organelle that is critical for transducing developmental, sensory and homeostatic signaling pathways. It comprises an axoneme with nine parallel doublet microtubules extending from the basal body, surrounded by the ciliary membrane. The axoneme exhibits remarkable stability, serving as the skeleton of the cilium in order to maintain its shape and provide tracks to ciliary trafficking complexes. Although ciliary trafficking and signaling have been exhaustively characterized over the years, less is known about the unique structural and functional complexities of the axoneme. Recent work has yielded new insights into the mechanisms by which the axoneme is built with its proper length and architecture, particularly regarding the activity of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). In this Review, we first summarize current knowledge about the architecture, composition and specialized compartments of the primary cilium. Next, we discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of how a functional cilium is assembled, maintained and disassembled through the regulation of its axonemal microtubules. We conclude by examining the diverse localizations and functions of ciliary MAPs for the pathobiology of ciliary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Deretic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Odabasi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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7
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Mosby LS, Straube A, Polin M. A general model for the motion of multivalent cargo interacting with substrates. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230510. [PMID: 38016636 PMCID: PMC10684343 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivalent interactions are common in biology at many different length scales, and can result in the directional motion of multivalent cargo along substrates. Here, a general analytical model has been developed that can describe the directional motion of multivalent cargo as a response to position dependence in the binding and unbinding rates exhibited by their interaction sites. Cargo exhibit both an effective velocity, which acts in the direction of increasing cargo-substrate binding rate and decreasing cargo-substrate unbinding rate, and an effective diffusivity. This model can reproduce previously published experimental findings using only the binding and unbinding rate distributions of cargo interaction sites, and without any further parameter fitting. Extension of the cargo binding model to two dimensions reveals an effective velocity with the same properties as that derived for the one-dimensional case.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. S. Mosby
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology & Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Institute of Advanced Study, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - A. Straube
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology & Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - M. Polin
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology & Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA, Esporles, Illes Balears 07190, Spain
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8
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Ryniawec JM, Hannaford MR, Zibrat ME, Fagerstrom CJ, Galletta BJ, Aguirre SE, Guice BA, Dean SM, Rusan NM, Rogers GC. Cep104 is a component of the centriole distal tip complex that regulates centriole growth and contributes to Drosophila spermiogenesis. Curr Biol 2023; 33:4202-4216.e9. [PMID: 37729913 PMCID: PMC10591971 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Proper centrosome number and function relies on the accurate assembly of centrioles, barrel-shaped structures that form the core duplicating elements of the organelle. The growth of centrioles is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner; while new daughter centrioles elongate during the S/G2/M phase, mature mother centrioles maintain their length throughout the cell cycle. Centriole length is controlled by the synchronized growth of the microtubules that ensheathe the centriole barrel. Although proteins exist that target the growing distal tips of centrioles, such as CP110 and Cep97, these proteins are generally thought to suppress centriolar microtubule growth, suggesting that distal tips may also contain unidentified counteracting factors that facilitate microtubule polymerization. Currently, a mechanistic understanding of how distal tip proteins balance microtubule growth and shrinkage to either promote daughter centriole elongation or maintain centriole length is lacking. Using a proximity-labeling screen in Drosophila cells, we identified Cep104 as a novel component of a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins that we collectively refer to as the distal tip complex (DTC). We found that Cep104 regulates centriole growth and promotes centriole elongation through its microtubule-binding TOG domain. Furthermore, analysis of Cep104 null flies revealed that Cep104 and Cep97 cooperate during spermiogenesis to align spermatids and coordinate individualization. Lastly, we mapped the complete DTC interactome and showed that Cep97 is the central scaffolding unit required to recruit DTC components to the distal tip of centrioles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Ryniawec
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Matthew R Hannaford
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melanie E Zibrat
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Carey J Fagerstrom
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian J Galletta
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sophia E Aguirre
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Bethany A Guice
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Spencer M Dean
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Nasser M Rusan
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Gregory C Rogers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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9
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Roos A, van der Ven PFM, Alrohaif H, Kölbel H, Heil L, Della Marina A, Weis J, Aßent M, Beck-Wödl S, Barresi R, Töpf A, O’Connor K, Sickmann A, Kohlschmidt N, El Gizouli M, Meyer N, Daya N, Grande V, Bois K, Kaiser FJ, Vorgerd M, Schröder C, Schara-Schmidt U, Gangfuss A, Evangelista T, Röbisch L, Hentschel A, Grüneboom A, Fuerst DO, Kuechler A, Tzschach A, Depienne C, Lochmüller H. Bi-allelic variants of FILIP1 cause congenital myopathy, dysmorphism and neurological defects. Brain 2023; 146:4200-4216. [PMID: 37163662 PMCID: PMC10545528 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamin-A-interacting protein 1 (FILIP1) is a structural protein that is involved in neuronal and muscle function and integrity and interacts with FLNa and FLNc. Pathogenic variants in filamin-encoding genes have been linked to neurological disorders (FLNA) and muscle diseases characterized by myofibrillar perturbations (FLNC), but human diseases associated with FILIP1 variants have not yet been described. Here, we report on five patients from four unrelated consanguineous families with homozygous FILIP1 variants (two nonsense and two missense). Functional studies indicated altered stability of the FILIP1 protein carrying the p.[Pro1133Leu] variant. Patients exhibit a broad spectrum of neurological symptoms including brain malformations, neurodevelopmental delay, muscle weakness and pathology and dysmorphic features. Electron and immunofluorescence microscopy on the muscle biopsy derived from the patient harbouring the homozygous p.[Pro1133Leu] missense variant revealed core-like zones of myofibrillar disintegration, autophagic vacuoles and accumulation of FLNc. Proteomic studies on the fibroblasts derived from the same patient showed dysregulation of a variety of proteins including FLNc and alpha-B-crystallin, a finding (confirmed by immunofluorescence) which is in line with the manifestation of symptoms associated with the syndromic phenotype of FILIP1opathy. The combined findings of this study show that the loss of functional FILIP1 leads to a recessive disorder characterized by neurological and muscular manifestations as well as dysmorphic features accompanied by perturbed proteostasis and myopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Roos
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hadil Alrohaif
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
- Kuwait Medical Genetics Center, Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Heike Kölbel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Lorena Heil
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Adela Della Marina
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marvin Aßent
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Beck-Wödl
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ana Töpf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kaela O’Connor
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Department of Bioanalytics, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Magdeldin El Gizouli
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Nancy Meyer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Nassam Daya
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Valentina Grande
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Karin Bois
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Vorgerd
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christopher Schröder
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schara-Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Gangfuss
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Teresinha Evangelista
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
- Nord/Est/Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Reference Center, Institute of Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Luisa Röbisch
- Department of Bioanalytics, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Hentschel
- Department of Bioanalytics, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anika Grüneboom
- Department of Bioanalytics, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fuerst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
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10
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Park J, Xie Y, Miller KG, De Camilli P, Yogev S. End-binding protein 1 promotes specific motor-cargo association in the cell body prior to axonal delivery of dense core vesicles. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3851-3864.e7. [PMID: 37586371 PMCID: PMC10529979 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Axonal transport is key to neuronal function. Efficient transport requires specific motor-cargo association in the soma, yet the mechanisms regulating this early step remain poorly understood. We found that EBP-1, the C. elegans ortholog of the canonical-microtubule-end-binding protein EB1, promotes the specific association between kinesin-3/KIF1A/UNC-104 and dense core vesicles (DCVs) prior to their axonal delivery. Using single-neuron, in vivo labeling of endogenous cargo and EBs, we observed reduced axonal abundance and reduced secretion of DCV cargo, but not other KIF1A/UNC-104 cargoes, in ebp-1 mutants. This reduction could be traced back to fewer exit events from the cell body, where EBP-1 colocalized with the DCV sorting machinery at the trans Golgi, suggesting that this is the site of EBP-1 function. EBP-1 calponin homology (CH) domain was required for directing microtubule growth on the Golgi, and mammalian EB1 interacted with KIF1A in an EBH-domain-dependent manner. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments suggest a model in which both kinesin-3 binding and guidance of microtubule growth at the trans Golgi by EBP-1 promote motor-cargo association at sites of DCV biogenesis. In support of this model, tethering either EBP-1 or a kinesin-3/KIF1A/UNC-104-interacting domain from an unrelated protein to the Golgi restored the axonal abundance of DCV proteins in ebp-1 mutants. These results uncover an unexpected role for a microtubule-associated protein and provide insights into how specific kinesin-3 cargo is delivered to the axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyun Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Kenneth G Miller
- Genetic Models of Disease Laboratory, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 N. E. 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Shaul Yogev
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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11
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Dobbelaere J, Su TY, Erdi B, Schleiffer A, Dammermann A. A phylogenetic profiling approach identifies novel ciliogenesis genes in Drosophila and C. elegans. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113616. [PMID: 37317646 PMCID: PMC10425847 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia are cellular projections that perform sensory and motile functions in eukaryotic cells. A defining feature of cilia is that they are evolutionarily ancient, yet not universally conserved. In this study, we have used the resulting presence and absence pattern in the genomes of diverse eukaryotes to identify a set of 386 human genes associated with cilium assembly or motility. Comprehensive tissue-specific RNAi in Drosophila and mutant analysis in C. elegans revealed signature ciliary defects for 70-80% of novel genes, a percentage similar to that for known genes within the cluster. Further characterization identified different phenotypic classes, including a set of genes related to the cartwheel component Bld10/CEP135 and two highly conserved regulators of cilium biogenesis. We propose this dataset defines the core set of genes required for cilium assembly and motility across eukaryotes and presents a valuable resource for future studies of cilium biology and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Dobbelaere
- Max Perutz LabsUniversity of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
| | - Tiffany Y Su
- Max Perutz LabsUniversity of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD ProgramDoctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Balazs Erdi
- Max Perutz LabsUniversity of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Schleiffer
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
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12
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Fan X, McKenney RJ. Control of motor landing and processivity by the CAP-Gly domain in the KIF13B tail. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4715. [PMID: 37543636 PMCID: PMC10404244 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are major components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of tubulin regulates interactions with microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). One unique PTM is the cyclical removal and re-addition of the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin and MAPs containing CAP-Gly domains specifically recognize tyrosinated microtubules. KIF13B, a long-distance transport kinesin, contains a conserved CAP-Gly domain, but the role of the CAP-Gly domain in KIF13B's motility along microtubules remains unknown. To address this, we investigate the interaction between KIF13B's CAP-Gly domain, and tyrosinated microtubules. We find that KIF13B's CAP-Gly domain influences the initial motor-microtubule interaction, as well as processive motility along microtubules. The effect of the CAP-Gly domain is enhanced when the motor domain is in the ADP state, suggesting an interplay between the N-terminal motor domain and C-terminal CAP-Gly domain. These results reveal that specialized kinesin tail domains play active roles in the initiation and continuation of motor movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California - Davis, 145 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Richard J McKenney
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California - Davis, 145 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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13
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Grande V, Schuld J, van der Ven PFM, Gruss OJ, Fürst DO. Filamin-A-interacting protein 1 (FILIP1) is a dual compartment protein linking myofibrils and microtubules during myogenic differentiation and upon mechanical stress. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03776-4. [PMID: 37178194 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the gene encoding filamin-A-interacting protein 1 (FILIP1) were identified to be associated with a combination of neurological and muscular symptoms. While FILIP1 was shown to regulate motility of brain ventricular zone cells, a process important for corticogenesis, the function of the protein in muscle cells has been less well characterized. The expression of FILIP1 in regenerating muscle fibres predicted a role in early muscle differentiation. Here we analysed expression and localization of FILIP1 and its binding partners filamin-C (FLNc) and microtubule plus-end-binding protein EB3 in differentiating cultured myotubes and adult skeletal muscle. Prior to the development of cross-striated myofibrils, FILIP1 is associated with microtubules and colocalizes with EB3. During further myofibril maturation its localization changes, and FILIP1 localizes to myofibrillar Z-discs together with the actin-binding protein FLNc. Forced contractions of myotubes by electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) induce focal disruptions in myofibrils and translocation of both proteins from Z-discs to these lesions, suggesting a role in induction and/or repair of these structures. The immediate proximity of tyrosylated, dynamic microtubules and EB3 to lesions implies that also these play a role in these processes. This implication is supported by the fact that in nocodazole-treated myotubes that lack functional microtubules, the number of lesions induced by EPS is significantly reduced. In summary, we here show that FILIP1 is a cytolinker protein that is associated with both microtubules and actin filaments, and might play a role in the assembly of myofibrils and their stabilization upon mechanical stress to protect them from damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Grande
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Schuld
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver J Gruss
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Fonseca I, Horta C, Ribeiro AS, Sousa B, Marteil G, Bettencourt-Dias M, Paredes J. Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) potentiates anoikis-resistance of p53KO mammary epithelial cells by inducing a hybrid EMT phenotype. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:133. [PMID: 36797240 PMCID: PMC9935921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4), the major regulator of centriole biogenesis, has emerged as a putative therapeutic target in cancer due to its abnormal expression in human carcinomas, leading to centrosome number deregulation, mitotic defects and chromosomal instability. Moreover, Plk4 deregulation promotes tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models and is significantly associated with poor patient prognosis. Here, we further investigate the role of Plk4 in carcinogenesis and show that its overexpression significantly potentiates resistance to cell death by anoikis of nontumorigenic p53 knock-out (p53KO) mammary epithelial cells. Importantly, this effect is independent of Plk4's role in centrosome biogenesis, suggesting that this kinase has additional cellular functions. Interestingly, the Plk4-induced anoikis resistance is associated with the induction of a stable hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal phenotype and is partially dependent on P-cadherin upregulation. Furthermore, we found that the conditioned media of Plk4-induced p53KO mammary epithelial cells also induces anoikis resistance of breast cancer cells in a paracrine way, being also partially dependent on soluble P-cadherin secretion. Our work shows, for the first time, that high expression levels of Plk4 induce anoikis resistance of both mammary epithelial cells with p53KO background, as well as of breast cancer cells exposed to their secretome, which is partially mediated through P-cadherin upregulation. These results reinforce the idea that Plk4, independently of its role in centrosome biogenesis, functions as an oncogene, by impacting the tumor microenvironment to promote malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Fonseca
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal.
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancel Stem, Portuguese Consortium on Cancer Stem Cells, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cíntia Horta
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- Cancel Stem, Portuguese Consortium on Cancer Stem Cells, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Ribeiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- Cancel Stem, Portuguese Consortium on Cancer Stem Cells, Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara Sousa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica Bettencourt-Dias
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal.
- Cancel Stem, Portuguese Consortium on Cancer Stem Cells, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Paredes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
- Cancel Stem, Portuguese Consortium on Cancer Stem Cells, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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van den Berg CM, Volkov VA, Schnorrenberg S, Huang Z, Stecker KE, Grigoriev I, Gilani S, Frikstad KAM, Patzke S, Zimmermann T, Dogterom M, Akhmanova A. CSPP1 stabilizes growing microtubule ends and damaged lattices from the luminal side. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213861. [PMID: 36752787 PMCID: PMC9948759 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal polymers, and their organization and stability are tightly regulated by numerous cellular factors. While regulatory proteins controlling the formation of interphase microtubule arrays and mitotic spindles have been extensively studied, the biochemical mechanisms responsible for generating stable microtubule cores of centrioles and cilia are poorly understood. Here, we used in vitro reconstitution assays to investigate microtubule-stabilizing properties of CSPP1, a centrosome and cilia-associated protein mutated in the neurodevelopmental ciliopathy Joubert syndrome. We found that CSPP1 preferentially binds to polymerizing microtubule ends that grow slowly or undergo growth perturbations and, in this way, resembles microtubule-stabilizing compounds such as taxanes. Fluorescence microscopy and cryo-electron tomography showed that CSPP1 is deposited in the microtubule lumen and inhibits microtubule growth and shortening through two separate domains. CSPP1 also specifically recognizes and stabilizes damaged microtubule lattices. These data help to explain how CSPP1 regulates the elongation and stability of ciliary axonemes and other microtubule-based structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntha M. van den Berg
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vladimir A. Volkov
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,https://ror.org/02e2c7k09Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ziqiang Huang
- EMBL Imaging Centre, EMBL-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kelly E. Stecker
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilya Grigoriev
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sania Gilani
- https://ror.org/00j9c2840Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari-Anne M. Frikstad
- https://ror.org/00j9c2840Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sebastian Patzke
- https://ror.org/00j9c2840Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marileen Dogterom
- https://ror.org/02e2c7k09Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Correspondence to Anna Akhmanova:
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16
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Radhakrishnan RM, Kizhakkeduth ST, Nair VM, Ayyappan S, Lakshmi RB, Babu N, Prasannajith A, Umeda K, Vijayan V, Kodera N, Manna TK. Kinetochore-microtubule attachment in human cells is regulated by the interaction of a conserved motif of Ska1 with EB1. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102853. [PMID: 36592928 PMCID: PMC9926122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetochore establishes the linkage between chromosomes and the spindle microtubule plus ends during mitosis. In vertebrates, the spindle-kinetochore-associated (Ska1,2,3) complex stabilizes kinetochore attachment with the microtubule plus ends, but how Ska is recruited to and stabilized at the kinetochore-microtubule interface is not understood. Here, our results show that interaction of Ska1 with the general microtubule plus end-associated protein EB1 through a conserved motif regulates Ska recruitment to kinetochores in human cells. Ska1 forms a stable complex with EB1 via interaction with the motif in its N-terminal disordered loop region. Disruption of this interaction either by deleting or mutating the motif disrupts Ska complex recruitment to kinetochores and induces chromosome alignment defects, but it does not affect Ska complex assembly. Atomic-force microscopy imaging revealed that Ska1 is anchored to the C-terminal region of the EB1 dimer through its loop and thereby promotes formation of extended structures. Furthermore, our NMR data showed that the Ska1 motif binds to the residues in EB1 that are the binding sites of other plus end targeting proteins that are recruited to microtubules by EB1 through a similar conserved motif. Collectively, our results demonstrate that EB1-mediated Ska1 recruitment onto the microtubule serves as a general mechanism for the formation of vertebrate kinetochore-microtubule attachments and metaphase chromosome alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjith M Radhakrishnan
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Safwa T Kizhakkeduth
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vishnu M Nair
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Shine Ayyappan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - R Bhagya Lakshmi
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Neethu Babu
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Anjaly Prasannajith
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Kenichi Umeda
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Vinesh Vijayan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tapas K Manna
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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17
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Park J, Miller KG, De Camilli P, Yogev S. End Binding protein 1 promotes specific motor-cargo association in the cell body prior to axonal delivery of Dense Core Vesicles. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.12.523768. [PMID: 36711860 PMCID: PMC9882160 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Axonal transport is key to neuronal function. Efficient transport requires specific motor-cargo association in the soma, yet the mechanisms regulating this early step remain poorly understood. We found that EBP-1, the C. elegans ortholog of the canonical microtubule end binding protein EB1, promotes the specific association between kinesin-3/KIF1A/UNC-104 and Dense Core Vesicles (DCVs) prior to their axonal delivery. Using single-neuron, in vivo labelling of endogenous cargo and EBs, we observed reduced axonal abundance and reduced secretion of DCV cargo, but not other KIF1A/UNC-104 cargo, in ebp-1 mutants. This reduction could be traced back to fewer exit events from the cell body, where EBP-1 colocalized with the DCV sorting machinery at the trans Golgi, suggesting that this is the site of EBP-1 function. In addition to its microtubule binding CH domain, mammalian EB1 interacted with mammalian KIF1A in an EBH domain dependent manner, and expression of mammalian EB1 or the EBH domain was sufficient to rescue DCV transport in ebp-1 mutants. Our results suggest a model in which kinesin-3 binding and microtubule binding by EBP-1 cooperate to transiently enrich the motor near sites of DCV biogenesis to promote motor-cargo association. In support of this model, tethering either EBP-1 or a kinesin-3 KIF1A/UNC-104 interacting domain from an unrelated protein to the Golgi restored the axonal abundance of DCV proteins in ebp-1 mutants. These results uncover an unexpected role for a microtubule associated protein and provide insight into how specific kinesin-3 cargo are delivered to the axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyun Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Kenneth G. Miller
- Genetic Models of Disease Laboratory, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 N. E. 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven CT 06510
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Shaul Yogev
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave, New Haven, CT 06510
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
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18
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Powers RM, Hevner RF, Halpain S. The Neuron Navigators: Structure, function, and evolutionary history. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1099554. [PMID: 36710926 PMCID: PMC9877351 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1099554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron navigators (Navigators) are cytoskeletal-associated proteins important for neuron migration, neurite growth, and axon guidance, but they also function more widely in other tissues. Recent studies have revealed novel cellular functions of Navigators such as macropinocytosis, and have implicated Navigators in human disorders of axon growth. Navigators are present in most or all bilaterian animals: vertebrates have three Navigators (NAV1-3), Drosophila has one (Sickie), and Caenorhabditis elegans has one (Unc-53). Structurally, Navigators have conserved N- and C-terminal regions each containing specific domains. The N-terminal region contains a calponin homology (CH) domain and one or more SxIP motifs, thought to interact with the actin cytoskeleton and mediate localization to microtubule plus-end binding proteins, respectively. The C-terminal region contains two coiled-coil domains, followed by a AAA+ family nucleoside triphosphatase domain of unknown activity. The Navigators appear to have evolved by fusion of N- and C-terminal region homologs present in simpler organisms. Overall, Navigators participate in the cytoskeletal response to extracellular cues via microtubules and actin filaments, in conjunction with membrane trafficking. We propose that uptake of fluid-phase cues and nutrients and/or downregulation of cell surface receptors could represent general mechanisms that explain Navigator functions. Future studies developing new models, such as conditional knockout mice or human cerebral organoids may reveal new insights into Navigator function. Importantly, further biochemical studies are needed to define the activities of the Navigator AAA+ domain, and to study potential interactions among different Navigators and their binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina M. Powers
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Robert F. Hevner
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States,Department of Pathology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shelley Halpain
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Shelley Halpain, ✉
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19
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Song X, Yang F, Yang T, Wang Y, Ding M, Li L, Xu P, Liu S, Dai M, Chi C, Xiang S, Xu C, Li D, Wang Z, Li L, Hill DL, Fu C, Yuan K, Li P, Zang J, Hou Z, Jiang K, Shi Y, Liu X, Yao X. Phase separation of EB1 guides microtubule plus-end dynamics. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:79-91. [PMID: 36536176 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, end-binding (EB) proteins serve as a hub for orchestrating microtubule dynamics and are essential for cellular dynamics and organelle movements. EB proteins modulate structural transitions at growing microtubule ends by recognizing and promoting an intermediate state generated during GTP hydrolysis. However, the molecular mechanisms and physiochemical properties of the EB1 interaction network remain elusive. Here we show that EB1 formed molecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to constitute the microtubule plus-end machinery. EB1 LLPS is driven by multivalent interactions among different segments, which are modulated by charged residues in the linker region. Phase-separated EB1 provided a compartment for enriching tubulin dimers and other plus-end tracking proteins. Real-time imaging of chromosome segregation in HeLa cells expressing LLPS-deficient EB1 mutants revealed the importance of EB1 LLPS dynamics in mitotic chromosome movements. These findings demonstrate that EB1 forms a distinct physical and biochemical membraneless-organelle via multivalent interactions that guide microtubule dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.,Keck Center for Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fengrui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.,Keck Center for Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tongtong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingrui Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.,Keck Center for Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Linge Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology & Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shuaiyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology & Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Changbiao Chi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shengqi Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Dong Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.,Keck Center for Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lin Li
- CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Donald L Hill
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Central South University School of Life Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Pilong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianye Zang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Zhonghuai Hou
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology & Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunyu Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China. .,Keck Center for Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei, China.
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20
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Cushion TD, Leca I, Keays DA. MAPping tubulin mutations. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1136699. [PMID: 36875768 PMCID: PMC9975266 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1136699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are filamentous structures that play a critical role in a diverse array of cellular functions including, mitosis, nuclear translocation, trafficking of organelles and cell shape. They are composed of α/β-tubulin heterodimers which are encoded by a large multigene family that has been implicated in an umbrella of disease states collectively known as the tubulinopathies. De novo mutations in different tubulin genes are known to cause lissencephaly, microcephaly, polymicrogyria, motor neuron disease, and female infertility. The diverse clinical features associated with these maladies have been attributed to the expression pattern of individual tubulin genes, as well as their distinct Functional repertoire. Recent studies, however, have highlighted the impact of tubulin mutations on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). MAPs can be classified according to their effect on microtubules and include polymer stabilizers (e.g., tau, MAP2, doublecortin), destabilizers (e.g., spastin, katanin), plus-end binding proteins (e.g., EB1-3, XMAP215, CLASPs) and motor proteins (e.g., dyneins, kinesins). In this review we analyse mutation-specific disease mechanisms that influence MAP binding and their phenotypic consequences, and discuss methods by which we can exploit genetic variation to identify novel MAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Cushion
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Leca
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - David A Keays
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.,Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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21
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Yamamoto S, Gaillard J, Vianay B, Guerin C, Orhant-Prioux M, Blanchoin L, Théry M. Actin network architecture can ensure robust centering or sensitive decentering of the centrosome. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111631. [PMID: 35916262 PMCID: PMC9574749 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The orientation of cell polarity depends on the position of the centrosome, the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). Microtubules (MTs) transmit pushing forces to the MTOC as they grow against the cell periphery. How the actin network regulates these forces remains unclear. Here, in a cell-free assay, we used purified proteins to reconstitute the interaction of a microtubule aster with actin networks of various architectures in cell-sized microwells. In the absence of actin filaments, MTOC positioning was highly sensitive to variations in microtubule length. The presence of a bulk actin network limited microtubule displacement, and MTOCs were held in place. In contrast, the assembly of a branched actin network along the well edges centered the MTOCs by maintaining an isotropic balance of pushing forces. An anisotropic peripheral actin network caused the MTOC to decenter by focusing the pushing forces. Overall, our results show that actin networks can limit the sensitivity of MTOC positioning to microtubule length and enforce robust MTOC centering or decentering depending on the isotropy of its architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Yamamoto
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Jérémie Gaillard
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Vianay
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, UMRS1160-HIPI, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Paris, CEA, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Guerin
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Magali Orhant-Prioux
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France.,Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, UMRS1160-HIPI, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Paris, CEA, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Théry
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, UMR5168-LPCV, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Grenoble, France.,Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, UMRS1160-HIPI, CytoMorpho Lab, University of Paris, CEA, INSERM, Paris, France
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22
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Sen S, Lagas S, Roy A, Kumar H. Cytoskeleton saga: Its regulation in normal physiology and modulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:175001. [PMID: 35525310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cells are fundamental units of life. To ensure the maintenance of homeostasis, integrity of structural and functional counterparts is needed to be essentially balanced. The cytoskeleton plays a vital role in regulating the cellular morphology, signalling and other factors involved in pathological conditions. Microtubules, actin (microfilaments), intermediate filaments (IF) and their interactions are required for these activities. Various proteins associated with these components are primary requirements for directing their functions. Disruption of this organization due to faulty genetics, oxidative stress or impaired transport mechanisms are the major causes of dysregulated signalling cascades leading to various pathological conditions like Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) or any traumatic injury like spinal cord injury (SCI). Novel or conventional therapeutic approaches may be specific or non-specific, targeting either three basic components of the cytoskeleton or various cascades that serve as a cue to numerous pathways like ROCK signalling or the GSK-3β pathway. An enormous number of drugs have been redirected for modulating the cytoskeletal dynamics and thereby may pave the way for inhibiting the progression of these diseases and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santimoy Sen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sheetal Lagas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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23
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Fang X, Svitkina TM. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) in cell migration. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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24
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Rosa E Silva I, Binó L, Johnson CM, Rutherford TJ, Neuhaus D, Andreeva A, Čajánek L, van Breugel M. Molecular mechanisms underlying the role of the centriolar CEP164-TTBK2 complex in ciliopathies. Structure 2022; 30:114-128.e9. [PMID: 34499853 PMCID: PMC8752127 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cilia formation is essential for human life. One of the earliest events in the ciliogenesis program is the recruitment of tau-tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) by the centriole distal appendage component CEP164. Due to the lack of high-resolution structural information on this complex, it is unclear how it is affected in human ciliopathies such as nephronophthisis. Furthermore, it is poorly understood if binding to CEP164 influences TTBK2 activities. Here, we present a detailed biochemical, structural, and functional analysis of the CEP164-TTBK2 complex and demonstrate how it is compromised by two ciliopathic mutations in CEP164. Moreover, we also provide insights into how binding to CEP164 is coordinated with TTBK2 activities. Together, our data deepen our understanding of a crucial step in cilia formation and will inform future studies aimed at restoring CEP164 functionality in a debilitating human ciliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rosa E Silva
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK; Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Lucia Binó
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Christopher M Johnson
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Trevor J Rutherford
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - David Neuhaus
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Antonina Andreeva
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Lukáš Čajánek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Mark van Breugel
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK; Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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25
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Nourbakhsh K, Ferreccio AA, Bernard MJ, Yadav S. TAOK2 is an ER-localized kinase that catalyzes the dynamic tethering of ER to microtubules. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3321-3333.e5. [PMID: 34879262 PMCID: PMC8699727 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) depends on extensive association with the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton for its structure and mitotic inheritance. However, mechanisms that underlie coupling of ER membranes to MTs are poorly understood. We have identified thousand and one amino acid kinase 2 (TAOK2) as a pleiotropic protein kinase that mediates tethering of ER to MTs. In human cells, TAOK2 localizes in distinct ER subdomains via transmembrane helices and an adjacent amphipathic region. Through its C-terminal tail, TAOK2 directly binds MTs, coupling ER membranes to the MT cytoskeleton. In TAOK2 knockout cells, although ER-membrane dynamics are increased, movement of ER along growing MT plus ends is disrupted. ER-MT tethering is tightly regulated by catalytic activity of TAOK2, perturbation of which leads to defects in ER morphology, association with MTs, and cell division. Our study identifies TAOK2 as an ER-MT tether and reveals a kinase-regulated mechanism for control of ER dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimya Nourbakhsh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Amy A Ferreccio
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Matthew J Bernard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Smita Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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26
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Mangon A, Salaün D, Bouali ML, Kuzmić M, Quitard S, Thuault S, Isnardon D, Audebert S, Puech PH, Verdier-Pinard P, Badache A. iASPP contributes to cell cortex rigidity, mitotic cell rounding, and spindle positioning. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212730. [PMID: 34705028 PMCID: PMC8562848 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
iASPP is a protein mostly known as an inhibitor of p53 pro-apoptotic activity and a predicted regulatory subunit of the PP1 phosphatase, which is often overexpressed in tumors. We report that iASPP associates with the microtubule plus-end binding protein EB1, a central regulator of microtubule dynamics, via an SxIP motif. iASPP silencing or mutation of the SxIP motif led to defective microtubule capture at the cortex of mitotic cells, leading to abnormal positioning of the mitotic spindle. These effects were recapitulated by the knockdown of the membrane-to-cortex linker Myosin-Ic (Myo1c), which we identified as a novel partner of iASPP. Moreover, iASPP or Myo1c knockdown cells failed to round up upon mitosis because of defective cortical stiffness. We propose that by increasing cortical rigidity, iASPP helps cancer cells maintain a spherical geometry suitable for proper mitotic spindle positioning and chromosome partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Mangon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Danièle Salaün
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Mohamed Lala Bouali
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Mira Kuzmić
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Sabine Quitard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvie Thuault
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Isnardon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Audebert
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Puech
- Laboratoire Adhésion et Inflammation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix Marseille Université, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Verdier-Pinard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Ali Badache
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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27
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Dynamic crotonylation of EB1 by TIP60 ensures accurate spindle positioning in mitosis. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:1314-1323. [PMID: 34608293 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Spindle position control is essential for cell fate determination and organogenesis. Early studies indicate the essential role of the evolutionarily conserved Gαi/LGN/NuMA network in spindle positioning. However, the regulatory mechanisms that couple astral microtubules dynamics to the spindle orientation remain elusive. Here we delineated a new mitosis-specific crotonylation-regulated astral microtubule-EB1-NuMA interaction in mitosis. EB1 is a substrate of TIP60, and TIP60-dependent crotonylation of EB1 tunes accurate spindle positioning in mitosis. Mechanistically, TIP60 crotonylation of EB1 at Lys66 forms a dynamic link between accurate attachment of astral microtubules to the lateral cell cortex defined by NuMA-LGN and fine tune of spindle positioning. Real-time imaging of chromosome movements in HeLa cells expressing genetically encoded crotonylated EB1 revealed the importance of crotonylation dynamics for accurate control of spindle orientation during metaphase-anaphase transition. These findings delineate a general signaling cascade that integrates protein crotonylation with accurate spindle positioning for chromosome stability in mitosis.
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28
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Abstract
The term SCA refers to a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias. Phenotypically they present as gait ataxia frequently in combination with dysarthria and oculomotor problems. Additional signs and symptoms are common and can include various pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs and intellectual impairment. Genetic causes of SCAs are either repeat expansions within disease genes or common mutations (point mutations, deletions, insertions etc.). Frequently the two types of mutations cause indistinguishable phenotypes (locus heterogeneity). This article focuses on SCAs caused by common mutations. It describes phenotype and genotype of the presently 27 types known and discusses the molecular pathogenesis in those 21 types where the disease gene has been identified. Apart from the dominant types, the article also summarizes findings in a variant caused by mutations in a mitochondrial gene. Possible common disease mechanisms are considered based on findings in the various SCAs described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Müller
- Institute of Human Genetics, JLU-Gießen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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29
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Regulation of microtubule dynamics, mechanics and function through the growing tip. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:777-795. [PMID: 34408299 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule dynamics and their control are essential for the normal function and division of all eukaryotic cells. This plethora of functions is, in large part, supported by dynamic microtubule tips, which can bind to various intracellular targets, generate mechanical forces and couple with actin microfilaments. Here, we review progress in the understanding of microtubule assembly and dynamics, focusing on new information about the structure of microtubule tips. First, we discuss evidence for the widely accepted GTP cap model of microtubule dynamics. Next, we address microtubule dynamic instability in the context of structural information about assembly intermediates at microtubule tips. Three currently discussed models of microtubule assembly and dynamics are reviewed. These are considered in the context of established facts and recent data, which suggest that some long-held views must be re-evaluated. Finally, we review structural observations about the tips of microtubules in cells and describe their implications for understanding the mechanisms of microtubule regulation by associated proteins, by mechanical forces and by microtubule-targeting drugs, prominently including cancer chemotherapeutics.
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30
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Gonçalves AB, Hasselbalch SK, Joensen BB, Patzke S, Martens P, Ohlsen SK, Quinodoz M, Nikopoulos K, Suleiman R, Damsø Jeppesen MP, Weiss C, Christensen ST, Rivolta C, Andersen JS, Farinelli P, Pedersen LB. CEP78 functions downstream of CEP350 to control biogenesis of primary cilia by negatively regulating CP110 levels. eLife 2021; 10:63731. [PMID: 34259627 PMCID: PMC8354638 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CEP78 is a centrosomal protein implicated in ciliogenesis and ciliary length control, and mutations in the CEP78 gene cause retinal cone-rod dystrophy associated with hearing loss. However, the mechanism by which CEP78 affects cilia formation is unknown. Based on a recently discovered disease-causing CEP78 p.L150S mutation, we identified the disease-relevant interactome of CEP78. We confirmed that CEP78 interacts with the EDD1-DYRK2-DDB1VPRBP E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which is involved in CP110 ubiquitination and degradation, and identified a novel interaction between CEP78 and CEP350 that is weakened by the CEP78L150S mutation. We show that CEP350 promotes centrosomal recruitment and stability of CEP78, which in turn leads to centrosomal recruitment of EDD1. Consistently, cells lacking CEP78 display significantly increased cellular and centrosomal levels of CP110, and depletion of CP110 in CEP78-deficient cells restored ciliation frequency to normal. We propose that CEP78 functions downstream of CEP350 to promote ciliogenesis by negatively regulating CP110 levels via an EDD1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Brás Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Kirstine Hasselbalch
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beinta Biskopstø Joensen
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Patzke
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pernille Martens
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Krogh Ohlsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Quinodoz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Reem Suleiman
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magnus Per Damsø Jeppesen
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catja Weiss
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Tvorup Christensen
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jens S Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pietro Farinelli
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Bang Pedersen
- Department of Biology, Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Bao C, Bajrami B, Marcotte DJ, Chodaparambil JV, Kerns HM, Henderson J, Wei R, Gao B, Dillon GM. Mechanisms of Regulation and Diverse Activities of Tau-Tubulin Kinase (TTBK) Isoforms. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:669-685. [PMID: 32424773 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tau-tubulin kinase 1 (TTBK1) is a CNS-specific, kinase that has been implicated in the pathological phosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). TTBK1 is a challenging therapeutic target because it shares a highly conserved catalytic domain with its homolog, TTBK2, a ubiquitously expressed kinase genetically linked to the disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 11. The present study attempts to elucidate the functional distinctions between the TTBK isoforms and increase our understanding of them as distinct targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. We demonstrate that in cortical neurons, TTBK1, not TTBK2, is the isoform responsible for tau phosphorylation at epitopes enriched in tauopathies such as Serine 422. In addition, although our elucidation of the crystal structure of the TTBK2 kinase domain indicates almost identical structural similarity with TTBK1, biochemical and cellular assays demonstrate that the enzymatic activity of these two proteins is regulated by a combination of unique extra-catalytic sequences and autophosphorylation events. Finally, we have identified an unbiased list of neuronal interactors and phosphorylation substrates for TTBK1 and TTBK2 that highlight the unique cellular pathways and functional networks that each isoform is involved in. This data address an important gap in knowledge regarding the implications of targeting TTBK kinases and may prove valuable in the development of potential therapies for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ru Wei
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, 02134, USA
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32
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Doornbos C, Roepman R. Moonlighting of mitotic regulators in cilium disassembly. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4955-4972. [PMID: 33860332 PMCID: PMC8233288 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Correct timing of cellular processes is essential during embryological development and to maintain the balance between healthy proliferation and tumour formation. Assembly and disassembly of the primary cilium, the cell’s sensory signalling organelle, are linked to cell cycle timing in the same manner as spindle pole assembly and chromosome segregation. Mitotic processes, ciliary assembly, and ciliary disassembly depend on the centrioles as microtubule-organizing centres (MTOC) to regulate polymerizing and depolymerizing microtubules. Subsequently, other functional protein modules are gathered to potentiate specific protein–protein interactions. In this review, we show that a significant subset of key mitotic regulator proteins is moonlighting at the cilium, among which PLK1, AURKA, CDC20, and their regulators. Although ciliary assembly defects are linked to a variety of ciliopathies, ciliary disassembly defects are more often linked to brain development and tumour formation. Acquiring a better understanding of the overlap in regulators of ciliary disassembly and mitosis is essential in finding therapeutic targets for the different diseases and types of tumours associated with these regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenna Doornbos
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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33
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Ayyappan S, Dharan PS, Krishnan A, Marira RR, Lambert M, Manna TK, Vijayan V. SxIP binding disrupts the constitutive homodimer interface of EB1 and stabilizes EB1 monomer. Biophys J 2021; 120:2019-2029. [PMID: 33737159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SxIP is a microtubule tip localizing signal found in many +TIP proteins that bind to the hydrophobic cavity of the C-terminal domain of end binding protein 1 (EB1) and then positively regulate the microtubule plus-end tracking of EBs. However, the exact mechanism of microtubule activation of EBs in the presence of SxIP signaling motif is not known. Here, we studied the effect of SxIP peptide on the native conformation of EB1 in solution. Using various NMR experiments, we found that SxIP peptide promoted the dissociation of natively formed EB1 dimer. We also discovered that I224A mutation of EB1 resulted in an unfolded C-terminal domain, which upon binding with the SxIP motif folded to its native structure. Molecular dynamics simulations also confirmed the relative structural stability of EB1 monomer in the SxIP bound state. Residual dipolar couplings and heteronuclear NOE analysis suggested that the binding of SxIP peptide at the C-terminal domain of EB1 decreased the dynamics and conformational flexibility of the N-terminal domain involved in EB1-microtubule interaction. The SxIP-induced disruption of the dimeric interactions in EB1, coupled with the reduction in conformational flexibility of the N-terminal domain of EB1, might facilitate the microtubule association of EB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine Ayyappan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Pooja S Dharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Arya Krishnan
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Renjith R Marira
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Mahil Lambert
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Tapas K Manna
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vinesh Vijayan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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34
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Sobu Y, Wawro PS, Dhekne HS, Yeshaw WM, Pfeffer SR. Pathogenic LRRK2 regulates ciliation probability upstream of tau tubulin kinase 2 via Rab10 and RILPL1 proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2005894118. [PMID: 33653948 PMCID: PMC7958464 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005894118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations that activate LRRK2 protein kinase cause Parkinson's disease. We showed previously that Rab10 phosphorylation by LRRK2 enhances its binding to RILPL1, and together, these proteins block cilia formation in a variety of cell types, including patient derived iPS cells. We have used live-cell fluorescence microscopy to identify, more precisely, the effect of LRRK2 kinase activity on both the formation of cilia triggered by serum starvation and the loss of cilia seen upon serum readdition. LRRK2 activity decreases the overall probability of ciliation without changing the rates of cilia formation in R1441C LRRK2 MEF cells. Cilia loss in these cells is accompanied by ciliary decapitation, and kinase activity does not change the timing or frequency of decapitation or the rate of cilia loss but increases the percent of cilia that are lost upon serum addition. LRRK2 activity, or overexpression of RILPL1 protein, blocks release of CP110 from the mother centriole, a step normally required for early ciliogenesis; LRRK2 blockade of CP110 uncapping requires Rab10 and RILPL1 proteins and is due to failure to recruit TTBK2, a kinase needed for CP110 release. In contrast, deciliation probability does not change in cells lacking Rab10 or RILPL1 and relies on a distinct LRRK2 pathway. These experiments provide critical detail to our understanding of the cellular consequences of pathogenic LRRK2 mutation and indicate that LRRK2 blocks ciliogenesis upstream of TTBK2 and enhances the deciliation process in response to serum addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Sobu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Paulina S Wawro
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Herschel S Dhekne
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Wondwossen M Yeshaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Suzanne R Pfeffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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35
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Latour BL, Van De Weghe JC, Rusterholz TD, Letteboer SJ, Gomez A, Shaheen R, Gesemann M, Karamzade A, Asadollahi M, Barroso-Gil M, Chitre M, Grout ME, van Reeuwijk J, van Beersum SE, Miller CV, Dempsey JC, Morsy H, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Neuhauss SC, Boldt K, Ueffing M, Keramatipour M, Sayer JA, Alkuraya FS, Bachmann-Gagescu R, Roepman R, Doherty D. Dysfunction of the ciliary ARMC9/TOGARAM1 protein module causes Joubert syndrome. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4423-4439. [PMID: 32453716 DOI: 10.1172/jci131656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is a recessive neurodevelopmental ciliopathy characterized by a pathognomonic hindbrain malformation. All known JBTS genes encode proteins involved in the structure or function of primary cilia, ubiquitous antenna-like organelles essential for cellular signal transduction. Here, we used the recently identified JBTS-associated protein armadillo repeat motif-containing 9 (ARMC9) in tandem-affinity purification and yeast 2-hybrid screens to identify a ciliary module whose dysfunction underlies JBTS. In addition to the known JBTS-associated proteins CEP104 and CSPP1, we identified coiled-coil domain containing 66 (CCDC66) and TOG array regulator of axonemal microtubules 1 (TOGARAM1) as ARMC9 interaction partners. We found that TOGARAM1 variants cause JBTS and disrupt TOGARAM1 interaction with ARMC9. Using a combination of protein interaction analyses, characterization of patient-derived fibroblasts, and analysis of CRISPR/Cas9-engineered zebrafish and hTERT-RPE1 cells, we demonstrated that dysfunction of ARMC9 or TOGARAM1 resulted in short cilia with decreased axonemal acetylation and polyglutamylation, but relatively intact transition zone function. Aberrant serum-induced ciliary resorption and cold-induced depolymerization in ARMC9 and TOGARAM1 patient cell lines suggest a role for this new JBTS-associated protein module in ciliary stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Latour
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Tamara Ds Rusterholz
- Institute of Medical Genetics, and.,Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stef Jf Letteboer
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Arianna Gomez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Gesemann
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Arezou Karamzade
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Asadollahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miguel Barroso-Gil
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Manali Chitre
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Megan E Grout
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeroen van Reeuwijk
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Ec van Beersum
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Caitlin V Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer C Dempsey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Heba Morsy
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,The University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics is detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments.,University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Deborah A Nickerson
- The University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics is detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments.,University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephan Cf Neuhauss
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Medical Proteome Center, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Medical Proteome Center, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Keramatipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - John A Sayer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruxandra Bachmann-Gagescu
- Institute of Medical Genetics, and.,Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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36
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Serra-Marques A, Martin M, Katrukha EA, Grigoriev I, Peeters CAE, Liu Q, Hooikaas PJ, Yao Y, Solianova V, Smal I, Pedersen LB, Meijering E, Kapitein LC, Akhmanova A. Concerted action of kinesins KIF5B and KIF13B promotes efficient secretory vesicle transport to microtubule plus ends. eLife 2020; 9:e61302. [PMID: 33174839 PMCID: PMC7710357 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular transport relies on multiple kinesins, but it is poorly understood which kinesins are present on particular cargos, what their contributions are and whether they act simultaneously on the same cargo. Here, we show that Rab6-positive secretory vesicles are transported from the Golgi apparatus to the cell periphery by kinesin-1 KIF5B and kinesin-3 KIF13B, which determine the location of secretion events. KIF5B plays a dominant role, whereas KIF13B helps Rab6 vesicles to reach freshly polymerized microtubule ends, to which KIF5B binds poorly, likely because its cofactors, MAP7-family proteins, are slow in populating these ends. Sub-pixel localization demonstrated that during microtubule plus-end directed transport, both kinesins localize to the vesicle front and can be engaged on the same vesicle. When vesicles reverse direction, KIF13B relocates to the middle of the vesicle, while KIF5B shifts to the back, suggesting that KIF5B but not KIF13B undergoes a tug-of-war with a minus-end directed motor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Serra-Marques
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Maud Martin
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Eugene A Katrukha
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ilya Grigoriev
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Cathelijn AE Peeters
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Qingyang Liu
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Peter Jan Hooikaas
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Yao Yao
- Departments of Medical Informatics and Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Veronika Solianova
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ihor Smal
- Departments of Medical Informatics and Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Lotte B Pedersen
- Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Physiology, the August Krogh Building, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Erik Meijering
- Departments of Medical Informatics and Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Lukas C Kapitein
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
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37
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Yamazoe T, Nagai T, Umeda S, Sugaya Y, Mizuno K. Roles of TOG and jelly-roll domains of centrosomal protein CEP104 in its functions in cilium elongation and Hedgehog signaling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14723-14736. [PMID: 32820051 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are generated through the extension of the microtubule-based axoneme. Centrosomal protein 104 (CEP104) localizes to the tip of the elongating axoneme, and CEP104 mutations are linked to a ciliopathy, Joubert syndrome. Thus, CEP104 has been implicated in ciliogenesis. However, the mechanism by which CEP104 regulates ciliogenesis remains elusive. We report here that CEP104 is critical for cilium elongation but not for initiating ciliogenesis. We also demonstrated that the tumor-overexpressed gene (TOG) domain of CEP104 exhibits microtubule-polymerizing activity and that this activity is essential for the cilium-elongating activity of CEP104. Knockdown/rescue experiments showed that the N-terminal jelly-roll (JR) fold partially contributes to cilium-elongating activity of CEP104, but neither the zinc-finger region nor the SXIP motif is required for this activity. CEP104 binds to a centriole-capping protein, CP110, through the zinc-finger region and to a microtubule plus-end-binding protein, EB1, through the SXIP motif, indicating that the binding of CP110 and EB1 is dispensable for the cilium-elongating activity of CEP104. Moreover, CEP104 depletion does not affect CP110 removal from the mother centriole, which suggests that CEP104 functions after the removal of CP110. Last, we also showed that CEP104 is required for the ciliary entry of Smoothened and export of GPR161 upon Hedgehog signal activation and that the TOG domain plays a critical role in this activity. Our results define the roles of the individual domains of CEP104 in its functions in cilium elongation and Hedgehog signaling and should enhance our understanding of the mechanism underlying CEP104 mutation-associated ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamazoe
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nagai
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Shinya Umeda
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuko Sugaya
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kensaku Mizuno
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tohoku University, Kawauchi, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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38
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Thomas EC, Ismael A, Moore JK. Ase1 domains dynamically slow anaphase spindle elongation and recruit Bim1 to the midzone. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2733-2747. [PMID: 32997572 PMCID: PMC7927185 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-07-0493-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How cells regulate microtubule cross-linking activity to control the rate and duration of spindle elongation during anaphase is poorly understood. In this study, we test the hypothesis that PRC1/Ase1 proteins use distinct microtubule-binding domains to control the spindle elongation rate. Using the budding yeast Ase1, we identify unique contributions for the spectrin and carboxy-terminal domains during different phases of spindle elongation. We show that the spectrin domain uses conserved basic residues to promote the recruitment of Ase1 to the midzone before anaphase onset and slow spindle elongation during early anaphase. In contrast, a partial Ase1 carboxy-terminal truncation fails to form a stable midzone in late anaphase, produces higher elongation rates after early anaphase, and exhibits frequent spindle collapses. We find that the carboxy-terminal domain interacts with the plus-end tracking protein EB1/Bim1 and recruits Bim1 to the midzone to maintain midzone length. Overall, our results suggest that the Ase1 domains provide cells with a modular system to tune midzone activity and control elongation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel C Thomas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Amber Ismael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Jeffrey K Moore
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
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Santos da Silva E, Shanmugapriya S, Malikov V, Gu F, Delaney MK, Naghavi MH. HIV-1 capsids mimic a microtubule regulator to coordinate early stages of infection. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104870. [PMID: 32896909 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While the microtubule end-binding protein, EB1 facilitates early stages of HIV-1 infection, how it does so remains unclear. Here, we show that beyond its effects on microtubule acetylation, EB1 also indirectly contributes to infection by delivering the plus-end tracking protein (+TIP), cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) to the cell periphery. CLIP170 bound to intact HIV-1 cores or in vitro assembled capsid-nucleocapsid complexes, while EB1 did not. Moreover, unlike EB1 and several other +TIPs, CLIP170 enhanced infection independently of effects on microtubule acetylation. Capsid mutants and imaging revealed that CLIP170 bound HIV-1 cores in a manner distinct from currently known capsid cofactors, influenced by pentamer composition or curvature. Structural analyses revealed an EB-like +TIP-binding motif within the capsid major homology region (MHR) that binds SxIP motifs found in several +TIPs, and variability across this MHR sequence correlated with the extent to which different retroviruses engage CLIP170 to facilitate infection. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the complex roles of +TIPs in mediating early stages of retroviral infection, and reveal divergent capsid-based EB1 mimicry across retroviral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Santos da Silva
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shanmugapriya Shanmugapriya
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Viacheslav Malikov
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Keegan Delaney
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mojgan H Naghavi
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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A CEP104-CSPP1 Complex Is Required for Formation of Primary Cilia Competent in Hedgehog Signaling. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1907-1922.e6. [PMID: 31412255 PMCID: PMC6702141 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CEP104 is an evolutionarily conserved centrosomal and ciliary tip protein. CEP104 loss-of-function mutations are reported in patients with Joubert syndrome, but their function in the etiology of ciliopathies is poorly understood. Here, we show that cep104 silencing in zebrafish causes cilia-related manifestations: shortened cilia in Kupffer’s vesicle, heart laterality, and cranial nerve development defects. We show that another Joubert syndrome-associated cilia tip protein, CSPP1, interacts with CEP104 at microtubules for the regulation of axoneme length. We demonstrate in human telomerase reverse transcriptase-immortalized retinal pigmented epithelium (hTERT-RPE1) cells that ciliary translocation of Smoothened in response to Hedgehog pathway stimulation is both CEP104 and CSPP1 dependent. However, CEP104 is not required for the ciliary recruitment of CSPP1, indicating that an intra-ciliary CEP104-CSPP1 complex controls axoneme length and Hedgehog signaling competence. Our in vivo and in vitro analyses of CEP104 define its interaction with CSPP1 as a requirement for the formation of Hedgehog signaling-competent cilia, defects that underlie Joubert syndrome. cep104-depleted zebrafish display shortened KV cilia and defective brain development CEP104 interacts with CSPP1 at the tip of the primary cilium to regulate cilia length CEP104 or CSPP1 loss in human cells leads to defective Hedgehog signaling Impaired signaling is linked to reduction of ciliary SMO but not ARL13B or INPP5E
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Seetharaman S, Etienne-Manneville S. Cytoskeletal Crosstalk in Cell Migration. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:720-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP)-end-binding protein (EB) interactions regulate microtubule dynamics toward protection against tauopathy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 177:65-90. [PMID: 33453943 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The 1102-amino-acid activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) was originally discovered by expression cloning through the immunological identification of its 8-amino-acid sequence NAPVSIPQ (NAP), constituting the smallest active neuroprotective fragment of the protein. ADNP expression is essential for brain formation and cognitive function and is dysregulated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia). ADNP has been found to be mutated in autism, with an estimated prevalence of 0.17% (together, these autism cases now constitute ADNP syndrome cases) and our recent results showed somatic mutations in ADNP in Alzheimer's disease brains correlating with tauopathy. Furthermore, Adnp haploinsufficiency in mice causes an age-dependent reduction in cognitive functions coupled with tauopathy-like features such as an increased formation of tangle-like structures, defective axonal transport, and Tau hyperphosphorylation. ADNP and its derived peptides, NAP and SKIP, directly interact with end-binding proteins (EBs), which decorate plus-tips of the growing axonal cytoskeleton-microtubules (MTs). Functionally, NAP and SKIP are neuroprotective and stimulate axonal transport. Clinical trials have suggested the potential efficacy of NAP (davunetide, CP201) for improving cognitive performance/functional activities of daily living in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and schizophrenia patients, respectively. However, NAP was not found to be an effective treatment (though well-tolerated) for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. Here we review the molecular mechanism of NAP activity on MTs and how NAP modulates the MT-Tau-EBs crosstalk. We offer a molecular explanation for the different protective potency of NAP in selected tauopathies (aMCI vs. PSP) expressing different ratios/pathologies of the alternatively spliced Tau mRNA and its resulting protein (aMCI expressing similar quantities of the dynamic Tau 3-MT binding isoform (Tau3R) and the Tau 4-MT binding isoform (Tau4R) and PSP enriched in Tau4R pathology). We reveal the direct effect of truncated ADNPs (resulting from de novo autism and newly discovered Alzheimer's disease-related somatic mutations) on MT dynamics. We show that the peptide SKIP affects MT dynamics and MT-Tau association. Since MT impairment is linked with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions, the current study implicates a paucity/dysregulation of MT-interacting endogenous proteins, like ADNP, as a contributing mechanism and provides hope for NAP and SKIP as MT-modulating drug candidates.
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Dobbelaere J, Schmidt Cernohorska M, Huranova M, Slade D, Dammermann A. Cep97 Is Required for Centriole Structural Integrity and Cilia Formation in Drosophila. Curr Biol 2020; 30:3045-3056.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Bugge K, Brakti I, Fernandes CB, Dreier JE, Lundsgaard JE, Olsen JG, Skriver K, Kragelund BB. Interactions by Disorder - A Matter of Context. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:110. [PMID: 32613009 PMCID: PMC7308724 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Living organisms depend on timely and organized interactions between proteins linked in interactomes of high complexity. The recent increased precision by which protein interactions can be studied, and the enclosure of intrinsic structural disorder, suggest that it is time to zoom out and embrace protein interactions beyond the most central points of physical encounter. The present paper discusses protein-protein interactions in the view of structural disorder with an emphasis on flanking regions and contexts of disorder-based interactions. Context constitutes an overarching concept being of physicochemical, biomolecular, and physiological nature, but it also includes the immediate molecular context of the interaction. For intrinsically disordered proteins, which often function by exploiting short linear motifs, context contributes in highly regulatory and decisive manners and constitute a yet largely unrecognized source of interaction potential in a multitude of biological processes. Through selected examples, this review emphasizes how multivalency, charges and charge clusters, hydrophobic patches, dynamics, energetic frustration, and ensemble redistribution of flanking regions or disordered contexts are emerging as important contributors to allosteric regulation, positive and negative cooperativity, feedback regulation and negative selection in binding. The review emphasizes that understanding context, and in particular the role the molecular disordered context and flanking regions take on in protein interactions, constitute an untapped well of energetic modulation potential, also of relevance to drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Bugge
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inna Brakti
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catarina B. Fernandes
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper E. Dreier
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeppe E. Lundsgaard
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan G. Olsen
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Skriver
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birthe B. Kragelund
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abdelkarim H, Hitchinson B, Qu X, Banerjee A, Komarova YA, Gaponenko V. NMR resonance assignment and structure prediction of the C-terminal domain of the microtubule end-binding protein 3. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232338. [PMID: 32421702 PMCID: PMC7233555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
End-binding proteins (EBs) associate with the growing microtubule plus ends to regulate microtubule dynamics as well as the interaction with intracellular structures. EB3 contributes to pathological vascular leakage through interacting with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 3 (IP3R3), a calcium channel located at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The C-terminal domain of EB3 (residues 200–281) is functionally important for this interaction because it contains the effector binding sites, a prerequisite for EB3 activity and specificity. Structural data for this domain is limited. Here, we report the backbone chemical shift assignments for the human EB3 C-terminal domain and computationally explore its EB3 conformations. Backbone assignments, along with computational models, will allow future investigation of EB3 structural dynamics, interactions with effectors, and will facilitate the development of novel EB3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abdelkarim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ben Hitchinson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Xinyan Qu
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Avik Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Yulia A. Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YAK); (VG)
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YAK); (VG)
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Au FK, Hau BK, Qi RZ. Nek2-mediated GAS2L1 phosphorylation and centrosome-linker disassembly induce centrosome disjunction. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201909094. [PMID: 32289147 PMCID: PMC7199859 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosome disjunction occurs in late G2 to facilitate bipolar spindle formation and is mediated by the NIMA-related kinase Nek2. Here, we show that GAS2L1, a microtubule- and F-actin-binding protein required for centrosome disjunction, undergoes Nek2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser352 in G2/M. The phosphorylation is essential for centrosome disjunction in late G2 and for proper spindle assembly and faithful chromosome segregation in mitosis. GAS2L1 contains a calponin-homology (CH) domain and a GAS2-related (GAR) domain, which bind to F-actin and microtubules, respectively. Notably, the CH and GAR domains bind to each other to inhibit the functions of both domains, and Ser352 phosphorylation disrupts the interaction between the two domains and relieves the autoinhibition. We dissected the roles of the GAS2L1 phosphorylation and of centrosome-linker disassembly, which is another Nek2-mediated event, and found that these events together trigger centrosome disjunction. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the concerted Nek2 actions that split the centrosomes in late G2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco K.C. Au
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bill K.T. Hau
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Robert Z. Qi
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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Drechsler M, Lang LF, Al-Khatib L, Dirks H, Burger M, Schönlieb CB, Palacios IM. Optical flow analysis reveals that Kinesin-mediated advection impacts the orientation of microtubules in the Drosophila oocyte. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:1246-1258. [PMID: 32267197 PMCID: PMC7353148 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The orientation of microtubule (MT) networks is exploited by motors to deliver cargoes to specific intracellular destinations and is thus essential for cell polarity and function. Reconstituted in vitro systems have largely contributed to understanding the molecular framework regulating the behavior of MT filaments. In cells, however, MTs are exposed to various biomechanical forces that might impact on their orientation, but little is known about it. Oocytes, which display forceful cytoplasmic streaming, are excellent model systems to study the impact of motion forces on cytoskeletons in vivo. Here we implement variational optical flow analysis as a new approach to analyze the polarity of MTs in the Drosophila oocyte, a cell that displays distinct Kinesin-dependent streaming. After validating the method as robust for describing MT orientation from confocal movies, we find that increasing the speed of flows results in aberrant plus end growth direction. Furthermore, we find that in oocytes where Kinesin is unable to induce cytoplasmic streaming, the growth direction of MT plus ends is also altered. These findings lead us to propose that cytoplasmic streaming - and thus motion by advection – contributes to the correct orientation of MTs in vivo. Finally, we propose a possible mechanism for a specialized cytoplasmic actin network (the actin mesh) to act as a regulator of flow speeds to counteract the recruitment of Kinesin to MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Drechsler
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom.,Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lukas F Lang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Layla Al-Khatib
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Hendrik Dirks
- Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Burger
- Department of Mathematics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel M Palacios
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
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Microtubule Minus-End Binding Protein CAMSAP2 and Kinesin-14 Motor KIFC3 Control Dendritic Microtubule Organization. Curr Biol 2020; 30:899-908.e6. [PMID: 32084403 PMCID: PMC7063570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal dendrites are characterized by an anti-parallel microtubule organization. The mixed oriented microtubules promote dendrite development and facilitate polarized cargo trafficking; however, the mechanism that regulates dendritic microtubule organization is still unclear. Here, we found that the kinesin-14 motor KIFC3 is important for organizing dendritic microtubules and to control dendrite development. The kinesin-14 motor proteins (Drosophila melanogaster Ncd, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kar3, Saccharomyces pombe Pkl1, and Xenopus laevis XCTK2) are characterized by a C-terminal motor domain and are well described to organize the spindle microtubule during mitosis using an additional microtubule binding site in the N terminus [1-4]. In mammals, there are three kinesin-14 members, KIFC1, KIFC2, and KIFC3. It was recently shown that KIFC1 is important for organizing axonal microtubules in neurons, a process that depends on the two microtubule-interacting domains [5]. Unlike KIFC1, KIFC2 and KIFC3 lack the N-terminal microtubule binding domain and only have one microtubule-interacting domain, the motor domain [6, 7]. Thus, in order to regulate microtubule-microtubule crosslinking or sliding, KIFC2 and KIFC3 need to interact with additional microtubule binding proteins to connect two microtubules. We found that KIFC3 has a dendrite-specific distribution and interacts with microtubule minus-end binding protein CAMSAP2. Depletion of KIFC3 or CAMSAP2 results in increased microtubule dynamics during dendritic development. We propose a model in which CAMSAP2 anchors KIFC3 at microtubule minus ends and immobilizes microtubule arrays in dendrites.
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Bowie E, Goetz SC. TTBK2 and primary cilia are essential for the connectivity and survival of cerebellar Purkinje neurons. eLife 2020; 9:51166. [PMID: 31934864 PMCID: PMC7028366 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are vital signaling organelles that extend from most types of cells, including neurons and glia. These structures are essential for development of many tissues and organs; however, their function in adult tissues, particularly neurons in the brain, remains largely unknown. Tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) is a critical regulator of ciliogenesis, and is also mutated in a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder, spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11). Here, we show that conditional knockout of Ttbk2 in adult mice results in degenerative cerebellar phenotypes that recapitulate aspects of SCA11 including motor coordination deficits and defects to Purkinje cell (PC) integrity. We also find that the Ttbk2 conditional mutant mice quickly lose cilia throughout the brain. We show that conditional knockout of the key ciliary trafficking gene Ift88 in adult mice results in nearly identical cerebellar phenotypes to those of the Ttbk2 knockout, indicating that disruption of ciliary signaling is a key driver of these phenotypes. Our data suggest that primary cilia play an integral role in maintaining the function of PCs in the adult cerebellum and reveal novel insights into mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bowie
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Sarah C Goetz
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
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Rodrigues-Ferreira S, Molina A, Nahmias C. Microtubule-associated tumor suppressors as prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 179:267-273. [PMID: 31606824 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Although important therapeutic progress was achieved over the past decade, this disease remains a public health problem. In light of precision medicine, the identification of new prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer is urgently needed to stratify populations of patients with poor clinical outcome who may benefit from new personalized therapies. The microtubule cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in essential cellular functions and is an interesting target for cancer therapy. Microtubule assembly and dynamics are regulated by a wide range of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), some of which have oncogenic or tumor suppressor effects in breast cancer. RESULTS This review covers current knowledge on microtubule-associated tumor suppressors (MATS) in breast cancer and their potential value as prognostic biomarkers. We present recent studies showing that combinatorial expression of ATIP3 and EB1, two microtubule-associated biomarkers with tumor suppressor and oncogenic effects, respectively, improves breast cancer prognosis compared to each biomarker alone. CONCLUSIONS These findings are discussed regarding the increasing complexity of protein networks composed of MAPs that coordinate microtubule dynamics and functions. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the prognostic value of combined expression of different MATS and their interacting partners in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Rodrigues-Ferreira
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Paris Sud, 94800, Villejuif, France.,Inovarion, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Angie Molina
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Paris Sud, 94800, Villejuif, France.,Centre de Biologie du Développement, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, UMR 5547 CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Clara Nahmias
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Paris Sud, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Inserm U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France.
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