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Frejo L, Lopez-Escamez JA. Cytokines and Inflammation in Meniere Disease. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 15:49-59. [PMID: 35124944 PMCID: PMC8901949 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2021.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniere disease (MD) is a rare set of conditions associated with the accumulation of endolymph in the cochlear duct and the vestibular labyrinth with a decrease of endocochlear potential. It is considered a chronic inflammatory disorder of the inner ear with a multifactorial origin. The clinical syndrome includes several groups of patients with a core phenotype: sensorineural hearing loss, episodes of vertigo, and tinnitus with a non-predictable course. Genetic factors and the innate immune response seem to play a central role in the pathophysiology of the condition. Autoimmune MD should be diagnosed if a patient fulfills the diagnostic criteria for MD and one of the following autoimmune disorders: autoimmune thyroid disease, psoriasis, autoimmune arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. We summarize the evidence to support autoimmune MD as an endophenotype in bilateral MD associated with the allelic variant rs4947296 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation, the role of cytokines (particularly interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) in defining a subset of patients with autoinflammation, and the potential role of cytokines as biomarkers to distinguish between patients with MD and vestibular migraine. Finally, we also introduce a list of potential drugs that could regulate the immune response in MD with potential for repurposing in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Frejo
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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2
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Goodall CP, Schwarz B, Selivanovitch E, Avera J, Wang J, Miettinen H, Douglas T. Controlled Modular Multivalent Presentation of the CD40 Ligand on P22 Virus-like Particles Leads to Tunable Amplification of CD40 Signaling. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8205-8214. [PMID: 35005938 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ligands of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) are appealing targets for immunotherapy research due to their integral involvement in stimulation or restriction of immune responses. TNFSF-targeted therapies are currently being developed to combat immunologically based diseases and cancer. A crucial determinant of effective TNFSF receptor binding and signaling is the trimeric quaternary structure of the ligand. Additionally, ligand multivalency is essential to propagate strong signaling in effector cells. Thus, designing a synthetic platform to display trimeric TNFSF ligands in a multivalent manner is necessary to further the understanding of ligand-receptor interactions. Viral nanocages have architectures that are amenable to genetic and chemical modifications of both their interior and exterior surfaces. Notably, the exterior surface of virus-like particles can be utilized as a platform for the modular multivalent presentation of target proteins. In this study, we build on previous efforts exploring the bacteriophage P22 virus-like particle for the exterior multivalent modular display of a potent immune-stimulating TNFSF protein, CD40 ligand (CD40L). Using a cell-based reporter system, we quantify the effects of tunable avidity on CD40 signaling by CD40L displayed on the surface of P22 nanocages. Multivalent presentation of CD40L resulted in a 53.6-fold decrease of the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) compared to free CD40L, indicating higher potency. Our results emphasize the power of using P22-based biomimetics to study ligand-receptor interactions within their proper structural context, which may contribute to the development of effective immune modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheri Peyton Goodall
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
| | - Ekaterina Selivanovitch
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - John Avera
- Walden Biosciences, One Kendall Square, Suite 7102, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Heini Miettinen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173520, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Trevor Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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3
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Apoptosis-Inducing TNF Superfamily Ligands for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071543. [PMID: 33801589 PMCID: PMC8036978 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with apoptosis evasion as one of its hallmarks; therefore, apoptosis induction in transformed cells seems a promising approach as a cancer treatment. TNF apoptosis-inducing ligands, which are naturally present in the body and possess tumoricidal activity, are attractive candidates. The most studied proteins are TNF-α, FasL, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Over the years, different recombinant TNF family-derived apoptosis-inducing ligands and agonists have been designed. Their stability, specificity, and half-life have been improved because most of the TNF ligands have the disadvantages of having a short half-life and affinity to more than one receptor. Here, we review the outlook on apoptosis-inducing ligands as cancer treatments in diverse preclinical and clinical stages and summarize strategies of overcoming their natural limitations to improve their effectiveness.
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Berguetti T, Quintaes LSP, Hancio T, Robaina MC, Cruz ALS, Maia RC, de Souza PS. TNF-α Modulates P-Glycoprotein Expression and Contributes to Cellular Proliferation via Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050500. [PMID: 31137684 PMCID: PMC6562596 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1) overexpression is associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype and, consequently, failure in cancer chemotherapy. However, molecules involved in cell death deregulation may also support MDR. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an important cytokine that may trigger either death or tumor growth. Here, we examined the role of cancer cells in self-maintenance and promotion of cellular malignancy through the transport of Pgp and TNF-α molecules by extracellular vesicles (membrane microparticles (MP)). By using a classical MDR model in vitro, we identified a positive correlation between endogenous TNF-α and Pgp, which possibly favored a non-cytotoxic effect of recombinant TNF-α (rTNF-α). We also found a positive feedback involving rTNF-α incubation and TNF-α regulation. On the other hand, rTNF-α induced a reduction in Pgp expression levels and contributed to a reduced Pgp efflux function. Our results also showed that parental and MDR cells spontaneously released MP containing endogenous TNF-α and Pgp. However, these MP were unable to transfer their content to non-cancer recipient cells. Nevertheless, MP released from parental and MDR cells elevated the proliferation index of non-tumor cells. Collectively, our results suggest that Pgp and endogenous TNF-α positively regulate cancer cell malignancy and contribute to changes in normal cell behavior through MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandressa Berguetti
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Strictu Sensu em Oncologia, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Lucas S P Quintaes
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Thais Hancio
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Strictu Sensu em Oncologia, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Marcela C Robaina
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - André L S Cruz
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Polo Novo Cavaleiros, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Raquel C Maia
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Silva de Souza
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil.
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Kotha S, Todeti S. Synthesis of C 3-symmetric star-shaped molecules containing α-amino acids and dipeptides via Negishi coupling as a key step. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:371-377. [PMID: 30800186 PMCID: PMC6369998 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a new synthetic strategy toward star-shaped C3-symmetric molecules containing α-amino acid (AAA) derivatives and dipeptides. In this regard, trimerization and Negishi cross-coupling reactions are used as the key steps starting from readily available 4’-iodoacetophenone and L-serine. These C3-symmetric molecules containing AAA moieties are useful to design new ligands suitable for asymmetric synthesis and peptide dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Saidulu Todeti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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6
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Evaluation of Physicochemical and Biological Stability of 36-Months-Aged SB5 (Adalimumab Biosimilar) for 4 Weeks at Room Temperature. Adv Ther 2019; 36:442-450. [PMID: 30554330 PMCID: PMC6824449 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-018-0851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) inhibitors, such as adalimumab, have shown success in treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases but are associated with substantial financial burdens to the healthcare system. Biosimilars, which are highly similar to biologic agents, offer the potential to reduce the financial burden of treatment. In the case of TNF-alpha inhibitors, they may also offer improved stability and enable prolonged use. SB5, an adalimumab biosimilar, has shown equivalent efficacy and comparable safety to its reference product in clinical trials. Currently, SB5 is approved for storage for 36 months at 2–8 °C and may be stored at room temperature (25 °C) for a maximum period of 14 days. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of SB5, aged to its shelf-life of 36 months, at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) and 60 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) for a period of 4 weeks, which is longer by 14 days than that of SB5 currently approved in the European Union. Methods This study evaluated the stability of SB5, aged to its shelf-life of 36 months, at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) for a period of 4 weeks. Three independent batches of 36 months-aged SB5 were stored at 25 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5% RH for 4 weeks. Samples were tested at 0, 2, and 4 weeks. Results Color, clarity, visible particles, pH, protein concentration, and particulate matter were consistent among the batches, and all the test results met the acceptance criteria at each time point. Percent charge variance was maintained over time. Percent of high molecular weight species detected, total purity, relative binding activity by TNF-alpha, and relative potency by TNF-alpha neutralization did not change over time within each batch, and all values were within the acceptance criteria limits.
Conclusion SB5 aged for 36 months is physicochemically and biologically stable for 4 weeks at 25 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5% RH, which is 2 weeks longer than the alternative storage condition as approved by the European Medicines Agency, which is at 25 °C for a period of up to 14 days. Funding Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd.
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Ciebiera M, Włodarczyk M, Zgliczyńska M, Łukaszuk K, Męczekalski B, Kobierzycki C, Łoziński T, Jakiel G. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor α in the Biology of Uterine Fibroids and the Related Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3869. [PMID: 30518097 PMCID: PMC6321234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract. The incidence of UFs has been estimated at 25⁻80% depending on selected population. The pathophysiology of UFs remains poorly understood. The transformation of smooth muscle cells of the uterus into abnormal, immortal cells, capable of clonal division, is the main component of all pathways leading to UF tumor formation and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) is believed to be one of the key factors in this field. TNF-α is a cell signaling protein involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines responsible for the acute phase reaction. This publication presents current data about the role of tumor necrosis factor α in the biology of UFs and the related symptoms. TNF-α is an extremely important cytokine associated with the biology of UFs, UF-related symptoms and complaints. Its concentration has been proven to be elevated in women with clinically symptomatic UFs. The presented data suggest the presence of an "inflammation-like" state in women with UFs where TNF-α is a potent inflammation inducer. The origin of numerous symptoms reported by women with UFs can be traced back to the TNF-α influence. Nevertheless, our knowledge on this subject remains limited and TNF-α dependent pathways in UF pathophysiology should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zgliczyńska
- Students' Scientific Association at the I Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Łukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 80-172 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Błażej Męczekalski
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-513 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Christopher Kobierzycki
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-001 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Jakiel
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
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Zhang G, Gui S, Wang W, Meng D, Meng Q, Luan H, Zhao R, Zhang J, Sui H. Acute stimulatory effect of tumor necrosis factor on the basolateral 50 pS K channels in the thick ascending limb of the rat kidney. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4733-4738. [PMID: 30221721 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute effect and mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on basolateral 50 pS K channels in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the rat kidney. The TAL tubules were isolated from the rat kidney, and the activity of the 50 pS K channels was recorded using the patch‑clamp technique. The results indicated that the application of TNF (10 nM) significantly activated the 50 pS K channels and the TNF effect was concentration‑dependent. Inhibition of protein kinase A, phospholipase A2 and protein tyrosine kinase using pathway inhibitors (H89, AACOCF3 and Herbimycin A, respectively) did not abolish the stimulatory effect of TNF, indicating that none of these pathways mediated the TNF effect. By contrast, the phenylarsine oxide inhibitor against protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) decreased the activity of the 50 pS K channels and blocked the stimulatory effect of TNF on these channels. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that the application of TNF (10 nM) in the TAL increased the phosphorylation of PTP, an indication of PTP activity stimulation. Thus, it was concluded that the acute application of TNF may stimulate the basolateral 50 pS K channel in the TAL and the stimulatory effect of TNF may be mediated by the PTP‑dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Shiliang Gui
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Weiqun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Qingmin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Luan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Rixin Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Jiatian Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Sui
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
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Yu XJ, Shen YF, Dong J, Li T, Wang C, Zhang YJ, Wang LF, Meng YC, Yang Y, Wang HJ, Lei CH, Hu S, Li BH. Development and Optimization of Therapeutic Analogues of Anti-TNFα Antibody Infliximab. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Cuppen BVJ, Rossato M, Fritsch-Stork RDE, Concepcion AN, Linn-Rasker SP, Bijlsma JWJ, van Laar JM, Lafeber FPJG, Radstake TR. RNA sequencing to predict response to TNF-α inhibitors reveals possible mechanism for nonresponse in smokers. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:623-633. [PMID: 29808722 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1480937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have employed microarray-based profiling to predict response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); yet efforts to validate these targets have failed to show predictive abilities acceptable for clinical practice. METHODS The eighty most extreme responders and nonresponders to TNFi therapy were selected from the observational BiOCURA cohort. RNA sequencing was performed on mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected before initiation of treatment. The expression of pathways as well as individual gene transcripts between responders and nonresponders was investigated. Promising targets were technically replicated and validated in n = 40 new patients using qPCR assays. RESULTS Before therapy initiation, nonresponders had lower expression of pathways related to interferon and cytokine signaling, while also showing higher levels of two genes, GPR15 and SEMA6B (p = 0.02). The two targets could be validated, however, additional analyses revealed that GPR15 and SEMA6B did not independently predict response, but were rather dose-dependent markers of smoking (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The study did not identify new transcripts ready to use in clinical practice, yet GPR15 and SEMA6B were recognized as candidate explanatory markers for the reduced treatment success in RA smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart V J Cuppen
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Marzia Rossato
- b Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,c Department of Biotechnology , University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Ruth D E Fritsch-Stork
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,d 1st Medical Department & Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling , Hanusch Hospital , Vienna , Austria.,e Sigmund Freud University , Vienna , Austria
| | - Arno N Concepcion
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes W J Bijlsma
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Floris P J G Lafeber
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R Radstake
- a Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,b Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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Bojadzic D, Chen J, Alcazar O, Buchwald P. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Immunomodulatory Small Molecules Targeting the CD40⁻CD154 Costimulatory Protein-Protein Interaction. Molecules 2018; 23:E1153. [PMID: 29751636 PMCID: PMC5978685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and testing of novel small-molecule compounds targeting the CD40⁻CD154 (CD40L) costimulatory interaction for immunomodulatory purposes. This protein-protein interaction (PPI) is a TNF-superfamily (TNFSF) costimulatory interaction that is an important therapeutic target since it plays crucial roles in the activation of T cell responses, and there is resurgent interest in its modulation with several biologics in development. However, this interaction, just as all other PPIs, is difficult to target by small molecules. Following up on our previous work, we have now identified novel compounds such as DRI-C21091 or DRI-C21095 that show activity (IC50) in the high nanomolar to low micromolar range in the binding inhibition assay and more than thirty-fold selectivity versus other TNFSF PPIs including OX40⁻OX40L, BAFFR-BAFF, and TNF-R1-TNFα. Protein thermal shift (differential scanning fluorimetry) assays indicate CD154 and not CD40 as the binding partner. Activity has also been confirmed in cell assays and in a mouse model (alloantigen-induced T cell expansion in a draining lymph node). Our results expand the chemical space of identified small-molecule CD40⁻CD154 costimulatory inhibitors and provide lead structures that have the potential to be developed as orally bioavailable immunomodulatory therapeutics that are safer and less immunogenic than corresponding biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Bojadzic
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Jinshui Chen
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Oscar Alcazar
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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12
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Galvão AM, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G. Luteolysis and the Auto-, Paracrine Role of Cytokines From Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Transforming Growth Factor β Superfamilies. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2018; 107:287-315. [PMID: 29544635 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment demands optimal luteal function in mammals. Nonetheless, regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is absolutely necessary for normal female cyclicity. This dichotomy relies on intricate molecular signals and rapidly activated biological responses, such as angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, or programmed cell death. The CL establishment and growth after ovulation depend not only on the luteinizing hormone-mediated endocrine signal but also on a number of auto-, paracrine interactions promoted by cytokines and growth factors like fibroblast growth factor 2, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), which coordinate vascularigenesis and ECM reorganization as well as steroidogenesis. With the organ fully developed, the release of the uterine prostaglandin F2α activates luteolysis, an intricate process supported by intraluteal interactions that ensure the loss of steroidogenic function (functional luteolysis) and the involution of the organ (structural luteolysis). This chapter provides an overview of the local action of cytokines during luteal function, with particular emphasis on the role of TNF and transforming growth factor β superfamilies during luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M Galvão
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Bojadzic D, Buchwald P. Toward Small-Molecule Inhibition of Protein-Protein Interactions: General Aspects and Recent Progress in Targeting Costimulatory and Coinhibitory (Immune Checkpoint) Interactions. Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 18:674-699. [PMID: 29848279 PMCID: PMC6067980 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180531092503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) that are part of the costimulatory and coinhibitory (immune checkpoint) signaling are critical for adequate T cell response and are important therapeutic targets for immunomodulation. Biologics targeting them have already achieved considerable clinical success in the treatment of autoimmune diseases or transplant recipients (e.g., abatacept, belatacept, and belimumab) as well as cancer (e.g., ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab). In view of such progress, there have been only relatively limited efforts toward developing small-molecule PPI inhibitors (SMPPIIs) targeting these cosignaling interactions, possibly because they, as all other PPIs, are difficult to target by small molecules and were not considered druggable. Nevertheless, substantial progress has been achieved during the last decade. SMPPIIs proving the feasibility of such approaches have been identified through various strategies for a number of cosignaling interactions including CD40-CD40L, OX40-OX40L, BAFFR-BAFF, CD80-CD28, and PD-1-PD-L1s. Here, after an overview of the general aspects and challenges of SMPPII-focused drug discovery, we review them briefly together with relevant structural, immune-signaling, physicochemical, and medicinal chemistry aspects. While so far only a few of these SMPPIIs have shown activity in animal models (DRI-C21045 for CD40-D40L, KR33426 for BAFFR-BAFF) or reached clinical development (RhuDex for CD80-CD28, CA-170 for PD-1-PD-L1), there is proof-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of such approaches in immunomodulation. They can result in products that are easier to develop/ manufacture and are less likely to be immunogenic or encounter postmarket safety events than corresponding biologics, and, contrary to them, can even become orally bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Bojadzic
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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14
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Xu T, Ying T, Wang L, Zhang XD, Wang Y, Kang L, Huang T, Cheng L, Wang L, Zhao Q. A native-like bispecific antibody suppresses the inflammatory cytokine response by simultaneously neutralizing tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-17A. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81860-81872. [PMID: 29137228 PMCID: PMC5669854 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapies are successful in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. However, some patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fail to response anti-TNF drugs due to the compensation of other inflammatory signals. In this study, to reduce compensatory responses of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) during TNF-α inhibition, we generated an IgG-like bispecific antibodiy (bsAb) against TNF-α and IL-17A through a combination method of electrostatic Fc pairing and light chain crossover. This bsAb exhibited relatively high stability comparable to natural IgG antibodies, and retained the unaltered affinities to both of two targets. BsAb significantly decreased not only the expression level of neutrophil or Th17 chemokines, but also the secretion of IL-6/IL-8 on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from a patient with RA. Meanwhile, TNF-α-mediated cellular cytotoxicity of fibroblasts was neutralized by bsAb. Importantly, we demonstrate that the combined blockade of TNF-α and IL-17A is more efficient than inhibition of either factor alone. Our results suggest the IgG-like anti-TNF-α/IL-17A bispecific molecule overcome the limited therapeutic responses using anti-TNF drugs. It may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Xu
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tianlei Ying
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Lishan Kang
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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15
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Sharma V, Thakur V, Singh SN, Guleria R. Tumor Necrosis Factor and Alzheimer's Disease: A Cause and Consequence Relationship. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5455/bcp.20120112064639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sharma
- Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla-171207, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay Thakur
- Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla-171207, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shesh Nath Singh
- Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla-171207, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajender Guleria
- Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla-171207, Himachal Pradesh, India
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16
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Mankowska SA, Gatti-Lafranconi P, Chodorge M, Sridharan S, Minter RR, Hollfelder F. A Shorter Route to Antibody Binders via Quantitative in vitro Bead-Display Screening and Consensus Analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36391. [PMID: 27819305 PMCID: PMC5098251 DOI: 10.1038/srep36391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Affinity panning of large libraries is a powerful tool to identify protein binders. However, panning rounds are followed by the tedious re-screening of the clones obtained to evaluate binders precisely. In a first application of Bead Surface Display (BeSD) we show successful in vitro affinity selections based on flow cytometric analysis that allows fine quantitative discrimination between binders. Subsequent consensus analysis of the resulting sequences enables identification of clones that bind tighter than those arising directly from the experimental selection output. This is demonstrated by evolution of an anti-Fas receptor single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that was improved 98-fold vs the parental clone. Four rounds of quantitative screening by fluorescence-activated cell sorting of an error-prone library based on fine discrimination between binders in BeSD were followed by analysis of 200 full-length output sequences that suggested a new consensus design with a Kd ∼140 pM. This approach shortens the time and effort to obtain high affinity reagents and its cell-free nature transcends limitations inherent in previous in vivo display systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia A Mankowska
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.,Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Pietro Gatti-Lafranconi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Matthieu Chodorge
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Sudharsan Sridharan
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Ralph R Minter
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
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17
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Cuppen BVJ, Rossato M, Fritsch-Stork RDE, Concepcion AN, Schenk Y, Bijlsma JWJ, Radstake TRDJ, Lafeber FPJG. Can baseline serum microRNAs predict response to TNF-alpha inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:189. [PMID: 27558398 PMCID: PMC4997731 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rheumatoid arthritis, prediction of response to TNF-alpha inhibitor (TNFi) treatment would be of clinical value. This study aims to discover miRNAs that predict response and aims to replicate results of two previous studies addressing this topic. METHODS From the observational BiOCURA cohort, 40 adalimumab- (ADA) and 40 etanercept- (ETN) treated patients were selected to enter the discovery cohort and baseline serum profiling on 758 miRNAs was performed. The added value of univariately selected miRNAs (p < 0.05) over clinical parameters in prediction of response was determined by means of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Validation was performed by TaqMan single qPCR assays in 40 new patients. RESULTS Expression of miR-99a and miR-143 predicted response to ADA, and miR-23a and miR-197 predicted response to ETN. The addition of miRNAs increased the AUC-ROC of a model containing only clinical parameters for ADA (0.75 to 0.97) and ETN (0.68 to 0.78). In validation, none of the selected miRNAs significantly predicted response. miR-23a was the only overlapping miRNA compared to the two previous studies, however inversely related with response in one of these studies. The reasons for the inability to replicate previously proposed miRNAs predicting response to TNFi and replicate those from the discovery cohort were investigated and discussed. CONCLUSIONS To date, no miRNA consistently predicting response to TNFi therapy in RA has been identified. Future studies on this topic should meet a minimum of standards in design that are addressed in this study, in order to increase the reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart V J Cuppen
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth D E Fritsch-Stork
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,1st Medical Department & Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich-Collin-Straße 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria.,Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 1, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arno N Concepcion
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande Schenk
- Rheumatology, Diakonessen Hospital, Bosboomstraat 1, 3582 KE, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W J Bijlsma
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Floris P J G Lafeber
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Pozzolini M, Scarfì S, Ghignone S, Mussino F, Vezzulli L, Cerrano C, Giovine M. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the first Porifera tumor necrosis factor superfamily member and of its putative receptor in the marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:88-98. [PMID: 26705701 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the molecular cloning and characterization of the first Tumor Necrosis Factor homologous and of its putative receptor in the marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis: chTNF and chTNFR, respectively. The deduced chTNF amino acid sequence is a type II transmembrane protein containing the typical TNFSF domain. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that chTNF is more related to Chordata TNFs rather than to other invertebrates. chTNF and chTNFR are constitutively expressed both in the ectosome and in the choanosome of the sponge, with higher levels in the ectosome. chTNF and chTNFR mRNAs were monitored in sponge fragmorphs treated with Gram(+) or Gram(-) bacteria. chTNF was significantly upregulated in Gram(+)-treated fragmorphs as compared to controls, while chTNFR was upregulated by both treatments. Finally, the possible chTNF fibrogenic role in sponge fragmorphs was studied by TNF inhibitor treatment measuring fibrillar and non fibrillar collagen gene expression; results indicate that the cytokine is involved in sponge collagen deposition and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pozzolini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132, Italy.
| | - Sonia Scarfì
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132, Italy
| | - Stefano Ghignone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection-Turin Unit (CNR), Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Mussino
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132, Italy
| | - Luigi Vezzulli
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132, Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Department of Life and Environment Sciences (DiSVA), Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Giovine
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132, Italy
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19
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Yi Y, Qi H, Yuan J, Wang R, Weng S, He J, Dong C. Functional characterization of viral tumor necrosis factor receptors encoded by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV3) genome. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 45:757-770. [PMID: 26052019 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV3) is a large double-stranded DNA virus of Alloherpesviridae family in the order Herpesvirales. It causes significant morbidity and mortality in common carp and its ornamental koi variety, and threatens the aquaculture industries worldwide. Mimicry of cytokines and cytokine receptors is a particular strategy for large DNA viruses in modulating the host immune response. Here, we report the identification and characterization of two novel viral homologues of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) encoded by CyHV3-ORF4 and -ORF12, respectively. CyHV3-ORF4 was identified as a homologue of HVEM and CyHV3-ORF12 as a homologue of TNFRSF1. Overexpression of ORF4 and ORF12 in zebrafish embryos results in embryonic lethality, morphological defects and increased apoptosis. Although we failed to identify any interaction between the two vTNFRs and their potential ligands in zebrafish TNF superfamily by yeast two-hybrid system, the expression of some genes in TNF superfamily or TNFR superfamily were mis-regulated in ORF4 or ORF12-overexpressing embryos, especially the death receptor zHDR and its cognate ligand DL1b. Further studies showed that the apoptosis induced by the both CyHV3 vTNFRs is mainly activated through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and requires the crosstalk between the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Additionally, using RT-qPCR and Western blot assays, the expression patterns of the both vTNFRs were also analyzed during CyHV3 productive infection. Collectively, this is the first functional study of two unique vTNFRs encoded by a herpesvirus infecting non-mammalian vertebrates, which may provide novel insights into viral immune regulation mechanism and the pathogenesis of CyHV3 infection.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Carps
- Cell Line
- Female
- Fish Diseases/genetics
- Fish Diseases/metabolism
- Fish Diseases/virology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Herpesviridae/genetics
- Herpesviridae/physiology
- Herpesviridae Infections/genetics
- Herpesviridae Infections/metabolism
- Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections/virology
- Male
- Open Reading Frames
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/chemistry
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/chemistry
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment/veterinary
- Viral Proteins/chemistry
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Zebrafish
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hemei Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanfu Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Food Safety/State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide inhibits PDGF-BB-induced inflammation and ROS production in human mesangial cells. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 125:135-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Song Y, Margolles-Clark E, Bayer A, Buchwald P. Small-molecule modulators of the OX40-OX40 ligand co-stimulatory protein-protein interaction. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:4955-69. [PMID: 24930776 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The OX40-OX40L protein-protein interaction (PPI) is an important cell-surface signalling co-stimulatory regulator within the TNFR superfamily (TNFRSF) and a promising therapeutic target for immunomodulation. PPIs are difficult to modulate using small-molecules. Here, we describe the identification of a small-molecule OX40 modulator and confirm its partial agonist character. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell-free screening assays were developed and used to identify OX40-OX40L inhibitors. Modified versions of this assay were used to elucidate the binding partner and the binding nature of active compounds. OX40-transfected sensor cells with NF-κB reporters were constructed and used to confirm and characterize activity and specificity. Immunomodulatory activity and partial agonist nature were further confirmed by ex vivo T-cell polarization assays. KEY RESULTS Several compounds that concentration-dependently affected OX40-OX40L were identified. Cell assays indicated that they were partial agonists with low micromolar potency and adequate selectivity. Under polarizing conditions based on TGF-β, the most promising compound mimicked the effect of an agonistic anti-OX40 antibody in suppressing regulatory T-cell generation and diverting CD4(+) CD62L(+) Foxp3(-) cells to TH 9 phenotype in vitro. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We identified, to our knowledge, the first small-molecule compounds able to interfere with OX40-OX40L binding and, more importantly, to act as partial agonists of OX40. This is particularly interesting, as small-molecule agonism or activation of PPIs is considered unusually challenging and there are only few known examples. These results provide proof-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of small-molecule modulation of the OX40-OX40L interaction and for the existence of partial agonists for TNFRSF-PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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22
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Fibrinogen-like protein 2 gene silencing inhibits cardiomyocytes apoptosis, improves heart function of streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats and the molecular mechanism involved. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:BSR20150078. [PMID: 26182381 PMCID: PMC4613684 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We assumed that Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) plays an important role during the process of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In the present study, we test that the feasibility of Fgl2 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of DCM and its possible molecular mechanism involved. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) is involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammatory response. Diabetes is closely associated with apoptosis, angiogenesis and coagulation. So it allowed us to assume that Fgl2 plays an important role during the process of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In the present study, we test that the feasibility of Fgl2 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of DCM and its possible molecular mechanism involved. We found that Fgl2 gene silencing inhibits apoptosis and improves heart function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats, the possible mechanism maybe that Fgl2 gene silencing reduces the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)±levels, decreases the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl2), bcl-2-associated X (bax), toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, Fgl2 is a potent target to treat DCM.
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Garciafigueroa Y, Trucco M, Giannoukakis N. A brief glimpse over the horizon for type 1 diabetes nanotherapeutics. Clin Immunol 2015; 160:36-45. [PMID: 25817545 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pace at which nanotherapeutic technology for human disease is evolving has accelerated exponentially over the past five years. Most of the technology is centered on drug delivery which, in some instances, offers tunable control of drug release. Emerging technologies have resulted in improvements in tissue and cell targeting while others are at the initial stages of pairing drug release and drug release kinetics with microenvironmental stimuli or changes in homeostasis. Nanotherapeutics has only recently been adopted for consideration as a prophylaxis/treatment approach in autoimmunity. Herein, we summarize the current state-of-the art of nanotherapeutics specifically for type 1 diabetes mellitus and offer our view over the horizon of where we envisage this modality evolving towards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica Garciafigueroa
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
| | - Massimo Trucco
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
| | - Nick Giannoukakis
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, 11th Floor South Tower, Allegheny Health Network, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
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25
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Firempong CK, Cao X, Tong S, Yu J, Xu X. Prospects for multitarget lipid-raft-coated silica beads: a remarkable online biomaterial for discovering multitarget antitumor lead compounds. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of lipid raft biomaterial with multiple cancer-related receptors for screening novel multitarget antitumour lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Kesse Firempong
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
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26
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Song Y, Buchwald P. TNF superfamily protein-protein interactions: feasibility of small- molecule modulation. Curr Drug Targets 2015; 16:393-408. [PMID: 25706111 PMCID: PMC4408546 DOI: 10.2174/1389450116666150223115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily (TNFSF) contains about thirty structurally related receptors (TNFSFRs) and about twenty protein ligands that bind to one or more of these receptors. Almost all of these cell surface protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represent high-value therapeutic targets for inflammatory or immune modulation in autoimmune diseases, transplant recipients, or cancers, and there are several biologics including antibodies and fusion proteins targeting them that are in various phases of clinical development. Small-molecule inhibitors or activators could represent possible alternatives if the difficulties related to the targeting of protein-protein interactions by small molecules can be addressed. Compounds proving the feasibility of such approaches have been identified through different drug discovery approaches for a number of these TNFSFR-TNFSF type PPIs including CD40-CD40L, BAFFR-BAFF, TRAIL-DR5, and OX40-OX40L. Corresponding structural, signaling, and medicinal chemistry aspects are briefly reviewed here. While none of these small-molecule modulators identified so far seems promising enough to be pursued for clinical development, they provide proof-of-principle evidence that these interactions are susceptible to small-molecule modulation and can serve as starting points toward the identification of more potent and selective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1450 NW 10 Ave (R-134), Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Lis K, Kuzawińska O, Bałkowiec-Iskra E. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors - state of knowledge. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:1175-85. [PMID: 25624856 PMCID: PMC4296073 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.47827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is considered a major proinflammatory cytokine, affecting various aspects of the immune reaction. All five TNF inhibitors currently available on the market (i.e., etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab and golimumab) are top sellers, although indicated only in autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and psoriasis. This article briefly discusses the background and place for TNF inhibitors in modern therapy. The main safety aspects of TNF inhibitor administration are described in particular, with special consideration of the available meta-analyses. Finally, perspectives on the next-generation TNF inhibitors and their use in the clinic are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Lis
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Kuzawińska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bałkowiec-Iskra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Alexander SPH, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Spedding M, Peters JA, Harmar AJ. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14: catalytic receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:1676-705. [PMID: 24528241 PMCID: PMC3892291 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. The full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12444/full. Catalytic receptors are one of the seven major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, transporters and enzymes. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. A new landscape format has easy to use tables comparing related targets. It is a condensed version of material contemporary to late 2013, which is presented in greater detail and constantly updated on the website www.guidetopharmacology.org, superseding data presented in previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in conjunction with NC-IUPHAR and provides the official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate. It consolidates information previously curated and displayed separately in IUPHAR-DB and the Guide to Receptors and Channels, providing a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P H Alexander
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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29
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Liu W, Zhan C, Cheng H, Kumar PR, Bonanno JB, Nathenson SG, Almo SC. Mechanistic basis for functional promiscuity in the TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: structure of the LIGHT:DcR3 assembly. Structure 2014; 22:1252-1262. [PMID: 25087510 PMCID: PMC4163024 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
LIGHT initiates intracellular signaling via engagement of the two TNF receptors, HVEM and LTβR. In humans, LIGHT is neutralized by DcR3, a unique soluble member of the TNFR superfamily, which tightly binds LIGHT and inhibits its interactions with HVEM and LTβR. DcR3 also neutralizes two other TNF ligands, FasL and TL1A. Due to its ability to neutralize three distinct different ligands, DcR3 contributes to a wide range of biological and pathological processes, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms that support the broad specificity of DcR3 remain to be fully defined. We report the structures of LIGHT and the LIGHT:DcR3 complex, which reveal the structural basis for the DcR3-mediated neutralization of LIGHT and afford insights into DcR3 function and binding promiscuity. Based on these structures, we designed LIGHT mutants with altered affinities for DcR3 and HVEM, which may represent mechanistically informative probe reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chenyang Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Huiyong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - P Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Bonanno
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stanley G Nathenson
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Warren JT, Nelson CA, Decker CE, Zou W, Fremont DH, Teitelbaum SL. Manipulation of receptor oligomerization as a strategy to inhibit signaling by TNF superfamily members. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra80. [PMID: 25140055 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Signaling by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) in response to its ligand RANKL, which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily of cytokines, stimulates osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Thus, this ligand-receptor pair is a therapeutic target for various disorders, such as osteoporosis and metastasis of cancer to bone. RANKL exists as a physiological homotrimer, with each monomer recognizing a single molecule of RANK or the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), which inhibits osteoclastogenesis. We engineered a RANKL protein in which all three monomers of RANKL were encoded as a single polypeptide chain, which enabled us to independently control receptor binding at each binding interface. To generate an effective RANK inhibitor, we used an unbiased forward genetic approach to identify mutations in RANKL that had a 500-fold increased affinity for RANK but had decreased affinity for the decoy receptor OPG. Incorporating mutations that blocked receptor binding into this high-affinity RANKL variant generated a mutant RANKL that completely inhibited wild-type RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and bone resorption in mice. Our approach may be generalized to enable the inhibition of other TNF receptor signaling systems, which are implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia T Warren
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christopher A Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Corinne E Decker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Steven L Teitelbaum
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Levandowski ML, Viola TW, Wearick-Silva LE, Wieck A, Tractenberg SG, Brietzke E, Bauer ME, Teixeira AL, Grassi-Oliveira R. Early life stress and tumor necrosis factor superfamily in crack cocaine withdrawal. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 53:180-6. [PMID: 24631195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both early life stress (ELS) and substance abuse, especially cocaine, have robust effects on the inflammatory system. Considering the role of the tumor necrosis factor system in inflammatory signaling and its association with ELS, the aim of the study was to compare plasma levels of TNF-alpha, its soluble receptors and ligands during early abstinence of crack cocaine. METHODS This study included 24 crack cocaine-dependent women with (CRACK-ELS) and 20 without (CRACK) a history of ELS. A healthy control group (HC), containing 25 participants, was included to provide reference values. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) retrospectively assessed childhood maltreatment history of patients. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), soluble receptors TNFRI (sTNFRI) and TNFRII (sTNFRII) were assessed on the 18th day of treatment. RESULTS The CRACK-ELS group had higher TNF-alpha and lower TWEAK levels compared to the CRACK and HC groups. sTNFRII was increased, but only in comparison with the crack cocaine group and the controls. TRAIL levels were slightly higher in the CRACK-ELS group, while no differences were found for sTNFRI levels. Also, TNF-alpha plasma level was positively predicted by abstinence severity and childhood maltreatment severity, and TWEAK was negatively predicted by childhood maltreatment severity. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to evaluate the newly secreted tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligands, TWEAK and TRAIL, during crack cocaine abstinence, supporting the association between early life stress and peripheral pro-inflammatory levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Luz Levandowski
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6690/2° floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Wearick-Silva
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6690/2° floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Andréa Wieck
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6690/2° floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gantes Tractenberg
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Machado Bittencourt, 222, Sao Paulo, SP 04044-000, Brazil
| | - Moisés E Bauer
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6690/2° floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 11 Sala 936, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6690/2° floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil.
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Romero-Ramos M, von Euler Chelpin M, Sanchez-Guajardo V. Vaccination strategies for Parkinson disease: induction of a swift attack or raising tolerance? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:852-67. [PMID: 24670306 DOI: 10.4161/hv.28578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, but there is currently no available cure for it. Current treatments only alleviate some of the symptoms for a few years, but they become ineffective in the long run and do not stop the disease. Therefore it is of outmost importance to develop therapeutic strategies that can prevent, stop, or cure Parkinson disease. A very promising target for these therapies is the peripheral immune system due to its probable involvement in the disease and its potential as a tool to modulate neuroinflammation. But for such strategies to be successful, we need to understand the particular state of the peripheral immune system during Parkinson disease in order to avoid its weaknesses. In this review we examine the available data regarding how dopamine regulates the peripheral immune system and how this regulation is affected in Parkinson disease; the specific cytokine profiles observed during disease progression and the alterations documented to date in patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We also review the different strategies used in Parkinson disease animal models to modulate the adaptive immune response to salvage dopaminergic neurons from cell death. After analyzing the evidence, we hypothesize the need to prime the immune system to restore natural tolerance against α-synuclein in Parkinson disease, including at the same time B and T cells, so that T cells can reprogram microglia activation to a beneficial pattern and B cell/IgG can help neurons cope with the pathological forms of α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Romero-Ramos
- CNS disease modeling group; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark; NEURODIN; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne von Euler Chelpin
- CNS disease modeling group; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark; NEURODIN; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark; Neuroimmunology of Degenerative Diseases group; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vanesa Sanchez-Guajardo
- NEURODIN; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark; Neuroimmunology of Degenerative Diseases group; Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark
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Abdel Aziz MT, Wassef MAA, Ahmed HH, Rashed L, Mahfouz S, Aly MI, Hussein RE, Abdelaziz M. The role of bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stem cells in attenuation of kidney function in rats with diabetic nephropathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2014; 6:34. [PMID: 24606996 PMCID: PMC4007638 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell therapy holds a great promise for the repair of injured tissues and organs, including the kidney. We studied the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats and the possible paracrine signals that mediate their action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into controls, DN rats, DN rats receiving MSCs. MSCs were given in a dose of (106cells) by intravenous injection. After 4 weeks, 24 h urinary albumin, serum urea and creatinine concentrations, transforming growth factor β (TGF β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl2) and Bax gene expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed. Histopathology staining was performed. RESULTS MSC therapy significantly improved 24 h urinary albumin, serum urea and creatinine concentrations, increased angiogenic growth factor VEGF, and anti-apoptotic protein bcl2 while decreased the pro-inflammatory TNF-α, fibrogenic growth factor TGF β, and pro-apoptotic protein Bax. The histopathology examination showed patchy areas of minimal necrosis and degeneration in renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Talaat Abdel Aziz
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel Aziz Wassef
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Hosni Ahmed
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Soheir Mahfouz
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mayssa Ibrahim Aly
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elsayed Hussein
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Abdelaziz
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt
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Juhász K, Buzás K, Duda E. Importance of reverse signaling of the TNF superfamily in immune regulation. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 9:335-48. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.13.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Cazzola M, Matera MG. Inhibiting or blocking LIGHT, a TNF superfamily member, for treating airway remodeling. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 5:623-5. [DOI: 10.1586/ers.11.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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Berthelmann A, Lach J, Gräwert MA, Groll M, Eichler J. VersatileC3-symmetric scaffolds and their use for covalent stabilization of the foldon trimer. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2606-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Attachment of foldon monomers to a trimesic acid scaffold enhances thermal stability of the trimer, while maintaining the correct fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Berthelmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nurnberg
- 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Lach
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nurnberg
- 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melissa A. Gräwert
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry
- Chair of Biochemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85747 Munich, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory
| | - Michael Groll
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry
- Chair of Biochemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85747 Munich, Germany
| | - Jutta Eichler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nurnberg
- 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Dhruv H, Loftus JC, Narang P, Petit JL, Fameree M, Burton J, Tchegho G, Chow D, Yin H, Al-Abed Y, Berens ME, Tran NL, Meurice N. Structural basis and targeting of the interaction between fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32261-32276. [PMID: 24056367 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.493536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)-fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling pathway is observed in many diseases, including inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Activation of Fn14 signaling by TWEAK binding triggers cell invasion and survival and therefore represents an attractive pathway for therapeutic intervention. Based on structural studies of the TWEAK-binding cysteine-rich domain of Fn14, several homology models of TWEAK were built to investigate plausible modes of TWEAK-Fn14 interaction. Two promising models, centered on different anchoring residues of TWEAK (tyrosine 176 and tryptophan 231), were prioritized using a data-driven strategy. Site-directed mutagenesis of TWEAK at Tyr(176), but not Trp(231), resulted in the loss of TWEAK binding to Fn14 substantiating Tyr(176) as the anchoring residue. Importantly, mutation of TWEAK at Tyr(176) did not disrupt TWEAK trimerization but failed to induce Fn14-mediated nuclear factor κ-light chain enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) signaling. The validated structural models were utilized in a virtual screen to design a targeted library of small molecules predicted to disrupt the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction. 129 small molecules were screened iteratively, with identification of molecules producing up to 37% inhibition of TWEAK-Fn14 binding. In summary, we present a data-driven in silico study revealing key structural elements of the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction, followed by experimental validation, serving as a guide for the design of small molecule inhibitors of the TWEAK-Fn14 ligand-receptor interaction. Our results validate the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction as a chemically tractable target and provide the foundation for further exploration utilizing chemical biology approaches focusing on validating this system as a therapeutic target in invasive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshil Dhruv
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | | | | | | | - Maureen Fameree
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Julien Burton
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Giresse Tchegho
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Donald Chow
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Holly Yin
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- the Center for Molecular Innovation, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York 11030
| | - Michael E Berens
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Nhan L Tran
- From the Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004,.
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Hu S, Liang S, Guo H, Zhang D, Li H, Wang X, Yang W, Qian W, Hou S, Wang H, Guo Y, Lou Z. Comparison of the inhibition mechanisms of adalimumab and infliximab in treating tumor necrosis factor α-associated diseases from a molecular view. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:27059-27067. [PMID: 23943614 PMCID: PMC3779706 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα-targeting therapy with the use of the drugs Etanercept, Infliximab, and Adalimumab is used in the clinical treatment of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Although all of these reagents function to disrupt the interaction between TNFα and its receptors, clinical investigations showed the advantages of Adalimumab treatment compared with Etanercept and Infliximab. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of action of Adalimumab remains unclear. In our previous work, we presented structural data on how Infliximab binds with the E-F loop of TNFα and functions as a TNFα receptor-binding blocker. To further elucidate the variations between TNFα inhibitors, we solved the crystal structure of TNFα in complex with Adalimumab Fab. The structural observation and the mutagenesis analysis provided direct evidence for identifying the Adalimumab epitope on TNFα and revealed the mechanism of Adalimumab inhibition of TNFα by occupying the TNFα receptor-binding site. The larger antigen-antibody interface in TNFα Adalimumab also provided information at a molecular level for further understanding the clinical advantages of Adalimumab therapy compared with Infliximab.
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MESH Headings
- Adalimumab
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Binding Sites, Antibody
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Humans
- Infliximab
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/chemistry
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hu
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuaiyi Liang
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hui Li
- People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weili Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sheng Hou
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Zhiyong Lou
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Dhama K, Latheef SK, Samad HA, Chakrabort S, Tiwari R, Kumar A, Rahal A. Tumor Necrosis Factor as Mediator of Inflammatory Diseases and its Therapeutic Targeting: A Review. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2013.226.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Sumbria RK, Zhou QH, Hui EKW, Lu JZ, Boado RJ, Pardridge WM. Pharmacokinetics and brain uptake of an IgG-TNF decoy receptor fusion protein following intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous administration in mice. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1425-31. [PMID: 23410508 DOI: 10.1021/mp400004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a proinflammatory cytokine active in the brain. Etanercept, the TNF decoy receptor (TNFR), does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The TNFR was re-engineered for BBB penetration as a fusion protein with a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the mouse transferrin receptor (TfR), and this fusion protein is designated cTfRMAb-TNFR. The cTfRMAb domain of the fusion protein acts as a molecular Trojan horse and mediates transport via the endogenous BBB TfR. To support future chronic treatment of mouse models of neural disease with daily administration of the cTfRMAb-TNFR fusion protein, a series of pharmacokinetics and brain uptake studies in the mouse was performed. The cTfRMAb-TNFR fusion protein was radiolabeled and injected into mice via the intravenous, intraperitoneal (IP), or subcutaneous (SQ) routes of administration at doses ranging from 0.35 to 10 mg/kg. The distribution of the fusion protein into plasma following the IP or SQ routes was enhanced by increasing the injection dose from 3 to 10 mg/kg. The fusion protein demonstrated long circulation times with high metabolic stability following the IP or SQ routes of injection. The IP or SQ routes produced concentrations of the cTfRMAb-TNFR fusion protein in the brain that exceed by 20- to 50-fold the concentration of TNFα in pathologic conditions of the brain. The SQ injection is the preferred route of administration, as the level of cTfRMAb fusion protein produced in the brain is comparable to that generated with intravenous injection, and at a much lower plasma area under the concentration curve of the fusion protein as compared to IP administration.
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The renal injury and inflammation caused by ischemia–reperfusion are reduced by genetic inhibition of TNF-αR1: A comparison with infliximab treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 700:134-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
The overexpression of TNF has been implicated in a variety of disease conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, HIV and cancer. It is presently a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. Many of the therapeutics currently used are biologics designed to sequester TNF, preventing it from binding with its receptors. Recent research has been focused on finding small molecules that alter the production of TNF, modulate its signal transduction pathways, or directly inhibit the binding to its receptors. Modulation of a protein–protein interaction with small molecules is an interesting and nontrivial approach. The various strategies used in obtaining small-molecule, nonpeptide, inhibitors of the TNF–TNF receptor interaction through disruption of the TNF trimer or direct inhibition of the TNF–TNF receptor interaction are presented here.
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Competitive cell interactions in cancer: a cellular tug of war. Trends Cell Biol 2012; 23:160-7. [PMID: 23219382 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Within tissues, cells sense differences in fitness levels and this can lead to fitter cells eliminating less fit, albeit viable, cells via competitive cell interactions. The involvement of several cancer-related genes in this phenomenon has drawn attention to a potential connection between competitive cell interactions and cancer. Indeed, initial studies found that tumor-promoting genes can turn cells into 'supercompetitors', able to kill normal cells around them. However, more recently it has been observed that cells harboring certain cancer-promoting mutations can be eliminated by surrounding normal cells, suggesting that competitive cell interactions could also have a tumor-suppressive role. These findings suggest a new view whereby tumor and host cells engage in a bidirectional tug of war, the outcome of which may have a profound impact on disease progression.
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Lewis AK, Valley CC, Sachs JN. TNFR1 Signaling Is Associated with Backbone Conformational Changes of Receptor Dimers Consistent with Overactivation in the R92Q TRAPS Mutant. Biochemistry 2012; 51:6545-55. [DOI: 10.1021/bi3006626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K. Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher C. Valley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jonathan N. Sachs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55455, United States
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An improved understanding of TNFL/TNFR interactions using structure-based classifications. Trends Biochem Sci 2012; 37:353-63. [PMID: 22789664 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand (TNFL)-Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor (TNFR) interactions control key cellular processes; however, the molecular basis of the specificity of these interactions remains poorly understood. Using the T-RMSD (tree based on root mean square deviation), a newly developed structure-based sequence clustering method, we have re-analyzed the available structural data to re-interpret the interactions between TNFLs and TNFRs. This improves the classification of both TNFLs and TNFRs, such that the new groups defined here are in much stronger agreement with structural and functional features than existing schemes. Our clustering approach also identifies traces of a convergent evolutionary process for TNFLs and TNFRs, leading us to propose the co-evolution of TNFLs and the third cysteine rich domain (CRD) of large TNFRs.
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Role of MHC-linked susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of human and murine lupus. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:584374. [PMID: 22761632 PMCID: PMC3385965 DOI: 10.1155/2012/584374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and a systemic inflammation that can damage a broad spectrum of organs. SLE patients suffer from a wide variety of symptoms, which can affect virtually almost any tissue. As lupus is difficult to diagnose, the worldwide prevalence of SLE can only be roughly estimated to range from 10 and 200 cases per 100,000 individuals with dramatic differences depending on gender, ethnicity, and location. Although the treatment of this disease has been significantly ameliorated by new therapies, improved conventional drug therapy options, and a trained expert eye, the underlying pathogenesis of lupus still remain widely unknown. The complex etiology reflects the complex genetic background of the disease, which is also not well understood yet. However, in the past few years advances in lupus genetics have been made, notably with the publication of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in humans and the identification of susceptibility genes and loci in mice. This paper reviews the role of MHC-linked susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Benicchi T, Iozzi S, Svahn A, Axelsson H, Mori E, Bernocco S, Cappelli F, Caramelli C, Fanti P, Genesio E, Maccari L, Markova N, Micco I, Porcari V, Schultz J, Fecke W. A homogeneous HTRF assay for the identification of inhibitors of the TWEAK-Fn14 protein interaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 17:933-45. [PMID: 22644269 DOI: 10.1177/1087057112447873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The TWEAK-Fn14 pathway is upregulated in models of inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Both TWEAK and Fn14 show increased expression also in the CNS in response to different stimuli, particularly astrocytes, microglia, and neurons, leading to activation of NF-κB and release of proinflammatory cytokines. Although neutralizing antibodies against these proteins have been shown to have therapeutic efficacy in animal models of inflammation, no small-molecule therapeutics are yet available. Here, we describe the development of a novel homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF)-based screening assay together with several counterassays for the identification of small-molecule inhibitors of this protein-protein interaction. Recombinant HIS-TWEAK and Fn14-Fc proteins as well as FLAG-TWEAK and Fn14-FLAG proteins and an anti-Fn14 antibody were used to establish and validate these assays and to screen a library of 60 000 compounds. Two HTRF counterassays with unrelated proteins in the same assay format, an antiaggregation assay and a redox assay, were applied to filter out potential false-positive compounds. The novel assay and associated screening cascade should be useful for the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of the TWEAK-Fn14 protein interaction.
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Targeting the hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 in macrophages highly increases the anti-inflammatory potency of dexamethasone. Mol Ther 2012; 20:1550-8. [PMID: 22643864 PMCID: PMC3412497 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs but serious side effects such as bone mobilization, muscle mass loss, immunosuppression, and metabolic alterations make glucocorticoid therapy a difficult balance. The therapeutic anti-inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids relies largely on the suppressed release of tumor-necrosis factor-α and other cytokines by macrophages at the sites of inflammation. We have now developed a new biodegradable anti-CD163 antibody-drug conjugate that specifically targets the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone to the hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 in macrophages. The conjugate, that in average contains four dexamethasone molecules per antibody, exhibits retained high functional affinity for CD163. In vitro studies in rat macrophages and in vivo studies of Lewis rats showed a strong anti-inflammatory effect of the conjugate measured as reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of tumor-necrosis factor-α. The in vivo potency of conjugated dexamethasone was about 50-fold that of nonconjugated dexamethasone. In contrast to a strong systemic effect of nonconjugated dexamethasone, the equipotent dose of the conjugate had no such effect, measured as thymus lymphocytes apoptosis, body weight loss, and suppression of endogenous cortisol levels. In conclusion, the study shows antibody-drug conjugates as a future approach in anti-inflammatory macrophage-directed therapy. Furthermore, the data demonstrate CD163 as an excellent macrophage target for anti-inflammatory drug delivery.
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Ray M, Yunis R, Chen X, Rocke DM. Comparison of low and high dose ionising radiation using topological analysis of gene coexpression networks. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:190. [PMID: 22594378 PMCID: PMC3443446 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing use of imaging procedures in medicine has raised concerns about exposure to low-dose ionising radiation (LDIR). While the disastrous effects of high dose ionising radiation (HDIR) is well documented, the detrimental effects of LDIR is not well understood and has been a topic of much debate. Since little is known about the effects of LDIR, various kinds of wet-lab and computational analyses are required to advance knowledge in this domain. In this paper we carry out an "upside-down pyramid" form of systems biology analysis of microarray data. We characterised the global genomic response following 10 cGy (low dose) and 100 cGy (high dose) doses of X-ray ionising radiation at four time points by analysing the topology of gene coexpression networks. This study includes a rich experimental design and state-of-the-art computational systems biology methods of analysis to study the differences in the transcriptional response of skin cells exposed to low and high doses of radiation. RESULTS Using this method we found important genes that have been linked to immune response, cell survival and apoptosis. Furthermore, we also were able to identify genes such as BRCA1, ABCA1, TNFRSF1B, MLLT11 that have been associated with various types of cancers. We were also able to detect many genes known to be associated with various medical conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our method of applying network topological differences can aid in identifying the differences among similar (eg: radiation effect) yet very different biological conditions (eg: different dose and time) to generate testable hypotheses. This is the first study where a network level analysis was performed across two different radiation doses at various time points, thereby illustrating changes in the cellular response over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ray
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Gallo E, Cabaleiro T, Román M, Abad-Santos F, Daudén E. Study of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Tumor Necrosis Factor α Promoter Region in Spanish Patients With Psoriasis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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