1
|
Bennett Gayle D, Yuan X, Knight T. The coronavirus pandemic: Accessible technology for education, employment, and livelihoods. Assist Technol 2024; 36:352-359. [PMID: 34813718 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2021.1980836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, the use of technology to continue societal functions, maintain daily living, and gather information became near ubiquitous overnight. In the United States, universities moved to remote online education, non-essential personnel were asked to work from home, many businesses were forced to rapidly embrace online purchasing and even entertainers held concerts on social media platforms. Professional medical personnel, as well as state and local officials, held daily press briefings about the virus on television, radio, and social media. Disaster research has shown that often disasters exacerbate preexisting inequalities during all-hazards and therefore there are several populations likely to be more at risk, such as people with disabilities, and older adults. While complications from the coronavirus were more severe for older adults and those with preexisting health conditions, the preparedness and response efforts to contain the virus lessened the resiliency of other populations during the US outbreaks, potentially hampering their ability to recover at the same rate. For example, several press conferences from officials failed to include or display ASL interpreters. This would put some Americans at a disadvantage since they may have been unable to receive all of the pertinent information on how to keep safe. Furthermore, with nearly 22% of households without broadband internet access (per Pew Research Center), several individuals will not be able to take advantage of the rapid remote learning and work-from-home recommendations. Even when individuals have access to the Internet, older adults have been found to be less knowledgeable about privacy and security tools than younger adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DeeDee Bennett Gayle
- College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York, USA
| | - X Yuan
- College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York, USA
| | - T Knight
- College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nagpal MS, Jalali N, Sherifali D, Morita PP, Cafazzo JA. Managing Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review and Qualitative Study Using Systematic Literature Review and Reddit. Interact J Med Res 2024; 13:e49073. [PMID: 39116432 PMCID: PMC11342012 DOI: 10.2196/49073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic impacted how people accessed health services and likely how they managed chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Social media forums present a source of qualitative data to understand how adaptation might have occurred from the perspective of the patient. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to understand how the care-seeking behaviors and attitudes of people living with T2D were impacted during the early part of the pandemic by conducting a scoping literature review. A secondary objective is to compare the findings of the scoping review to those presented on a popular social media platform Reddit. METHODS A scoping review was conducted in 2021. Inclusion criteria were population with T2D, studies are patient-centered, and study objectives are centered around health behaviors, disease management, or mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exclusion criteria were populations with other noncommunicable diseases, examining COVID-19 as a comorbidity to T2D, clinical treatments for COVID-19 among people living with T2D, genetic expressions of COVID-19 among people living with T2D, gray literature, or studies not published in English. Bias was mitigated by reviewing uncertainties with other authors. Data extracted from the studies were classified into thematic categories. These categories reflect the findings of this study as per our objective. Data from the Reddit forums related to T2D from March 2020 to early March 2021 were downloaded, and support vector machines were used to classify if a post was published in the context of the pandemic. Latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling was performed to gather topics of discussion specific to the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 26 studies conducted between February and September 2020, consisting of 13,673 participants, were included in this scoping literature review. The studies were qualitative and relied mostly on qualitative data from surveys or questionnaires. Themes found from the literature review were "poorer glycemic control," "increased consumption of unhealthy foods," "decreased physical activity," "inability to access medical appointments," and "increased stress and anxiety." Findings from latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling of Reddit forums were "Coping With Poor Mental Health," "Accessing Doctor & Medications and Controlling Blood Glucose," "Changing Food Habits During Pandemic," "Impact of Stress on Blood Glucose Levels," "Changing Status of Employment & Insurance," and "Risk of COVID Complications." CONCLUSIONS Topics of discussion gauged from the Reddit forums provide a holistic perspective of the impact of the pandemic on people living with T2D, which were found to be comparable to the findings of the literature review. The study was limited by only having 1 reviewer for the literature review, but biases were mitigated by consulting authors when there were uncertainties. Qualitative analysis of Reddit forms can supplement traditional qualitative studies of the behaviors of people living with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan S Nagpal
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Niloofar Jalali
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Diana Sherifali
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Plinio P Morita
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph A Cafazzo
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kupcewicz E, Schneider-Matyka D, Rachubińska K, Jastrzębski P, Bentkowska A, Grochans E. Health Behaviours and the Quality of Life of Students of Medical Fields during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2024; 16:1747. [PMID: 38892679 PMCID: PMC11174481 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Social distancing and closing down public spaces associated with learning, leisure and physical activity limited the spread of COVID-19. These measures had an impact not only on the economy and education but also on health behaviours and the quality of life of individuals affected by the restrictions. The aim of this study was to identify the role of health behaviours in the perception of the quality of life of students during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: This study was conducted among 796 students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn in the first quarter of 2022. Subgroup 1 consisted of students at the Public Health School (n = 428; 53.8%) and subgroup 2 consisted of students belonging to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (n = 368; 46.2%). The diagnostic survey method was applied, and an original survey questionnaire, the Health Behaviour Inventory and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL-Bref version) were used. (3) Results: The largest contribution to the prediction of quality of life of students in subgroup 1 was made by a positive mental attitude related to avoiding too strong emotions, which explained 19% of the result variability in the somatic domain (ßeta = 0.24; R2 = 0.21), 20% of the result variability in the psychological domain (ßeta = 0.36; R2 = 0.20), 16% of the result variability in the social domain (ßeta = 0.52; R2 = 0.17) and 17% of the result variability in the environmental domain (ßeta = 0.19; R2 = 0.19). Moreover, in subgroup 2, a predominantly positive mental attitude significantly predicted quality of life in the somatic domain, explaining 23% of the result variability (ßeta = 0.24; R2 = 0.26), while it explained 25% of the result variability in the psychological domain (ßeta = 0.47; R2 = 0.25), 16% of the result variability in the social domain (ßeta = 0.46; R2 = 0.17) and 21% of the result variability in the environmental domain (ßeta = 0.38; R2 = 0.23). (4) Conclusions: Positive correlations between health behaviours and the quality of life among the study participants were determined. Health-promoting behaviours had a beneficial impact on the respondents' quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. The category of health behaviours described as a positive mental attitude was an important predictor for the participants' quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 C Zolnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Jastrzębski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 C Żołnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bentkowska
- Hospital Emergency Department, Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 18 Żołnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandes CM, Bernardo GL, Fernandes AC, Geraldo APG, Hauschild DB, Venske DKR, Medeiros FL, Proença RPDC, Uggioni PL. Impact of a Cooking Intervention on the Cooking Skills of Adult Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1657. [PMID: 38892590 PMCID: PMC11175113 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the Nutrition and Culinary in the Kitchen (NCK) Program on the cooking skills of Brazilian individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A randomized controlled intervention study was performed, with intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in weekly sessions of the NCK Program for six weeks (including two in-person practical cooking and three online cooking workshops). The cooking recipes were adapted by replacing high glycemic index ingredients with low and medium glycemic index alternatives. Of note, the recipes did not contain added sugars or sweeteners, were based on the use of fresh or minimally processed foods, herbs, and spices, and were sensorially tested by individuals with T2DM before use in the intervention. The study outcomes were participant score changes on the seven scales. A validated online instrument was administered to the control and intervention groups at baseline (T1) and post-intervention (T2). Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to assess the differences between the T1 and T2 parameters. RESULTS Of the 60 individuals enrolled, 44 answered the questionnaire at both times. The findings revealed a 45.37% ± 93.57% increase in Knowledge of Cooking Terms in the intervention group, whereas the control group showed a 3.82% ± 16.17% reduction (p = 0.008). There was an increase in all the other cooking skills and healthy eating scales from T1 to T2 in the intervention group, but the differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The development of cooking skills can contribute to increasing culinary knowledge and the availability of time to cook at home. The results contribute to the planning of health actions aimed at individuals with DM2 through culinary interventions and public food and nutrition policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Mariano Fernandes
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Greyce Luci Bernardo
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Fernandes
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gines Geraldo
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela Barbieri Hauschild
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora Kurrle Rieger Venske
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Fharlley Lohann Medeiros
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Paula Lazzarin Uggioni
- Nutrition in Foodservice Research Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; (C.M.F.); (G.L.B.); (A.C.F.); (A.P.G.G.); (D.B.H.); (D.K.R.V.); (F.L.M.)
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, s/n, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iwata S, Ashida K, Demiya M, Nagayama A, Hasuzawa N, Yoshinobu S, Sonezaki A, Yasuda J, Motomura S, Katsuki Y, Sugi K, Nomura M. Preserved seasonal variation in glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during COVID-19: a 3-year-long retrospective cohort study in older adults in Japan. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:70. [PMID: 38755559 PMCID: PMC11100128 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lifestyle by imposing restrictions, such as physical distancing. The effect of COVID-19 prevalence on seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM who visited Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital in December 2021. We evaluated the clinical findings of all patients treated regularly between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, including the periods both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. All the standard treatments were approved. Furthermore, seasonal changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated using stratified analyses based on age. RESULTS This study analyzed 86 patients (mean age, 69.6 ± 9.2 years; men, 57). Median HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [Union of Clinical Chemistry]) levels in spring (March) were 7.70% (interquartile range (IQR):7.23%-8.30%) [60.6 mmol/mol (IQR:55.4-67.2 mmol/mol)], 7.35% (IQR:6.90%-7.90%) [56.8 mmol/mol (IQR:51.9-62.8 mmol/mol)], and 7.50% (IQR:7.10%-8.00%) [58.5 mmol/mol (IQR:54.1-63.9 mmol/mol)] in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. During these periods, HbA1c levels and body mass index (BMI) revealed significant seasonal variations "high in spring" and "low in autumn." Median HbA1c levels in spring (March) and autumn (September) were 7.86% [61.2 mmol/mol] and 7.48% [57.4 mmol/mol] in 2019 (P < 0.001), 7.50% [57.7 mmol/mol] and 7.17% [54.2 mmol/mol] in 2020 (P < 0.001), and 7.61% [58.3 mmol/mol] and 7.19% [53.8 mmol/mol] in 2021 (P < 0.001). Seasonal variations in HbA1c levels and BMI were maintained over the past 3 years, including the pandemic period. None of the patients in this study developed COVID-19 during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with DM were not influenced by lifestyle modifications associated with COVID-19. Maintenance of physical activity is necessary to prevent the development of sarcopenia. Moreover, seasonal variations in glycemic metabolism should be considered an independent factor for DM management. Additional extensive multifacility investigations are necessary to corroborate our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Iwata
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Mutsuyuki Demiya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagayama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Satoko Yoshinobu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Aya Sonezaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Junichi Yasuda
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Seiichi Motomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katsuki
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenzo Sugi
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mclennan NM, Lindsay R, Saravanan P, Sukumar N, White SL, von Dadelszen P, Burden C, Hunt K, George P, Hirst JE, Lattey K, Lee TTM, Murphy HR, Scott EM, Magee LA, Reynolds RM. Impact of COVID-19 on gestational diabetes pregnancy outcomes in the UK: A multicentre retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2024; 131:858-868. [PMID: 37968246 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of implementing emergency care pathway(s) for screening, diagnosing and managing women with gestational diabetes (GDM) during COVID-19. DESIGN Retrospective multicentre cohort. SETTING Nine National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trusts/Health boards in England and Scotland. POPULATION 4915 women with GDM pre-pandemic (1 April 2018 to 31 March 2020), and 3467 women with GDM during the pandemic (1 May 2020 to 31 March 2021). METHODS We examined clinical outcomes for women with GDM prior to and during the pandemic following changes in screening methods, diagnostic testing, glucose thresholds and introduction of virtual care for monitoring of antenatal glycaemia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intervention at birth, perinatal mortality, large-for-gestational-age infants and neonatal unit admission. RESULTS The new diagnostic criteria more often identified GDM women who were multiparous, had higher body mass index (BMI) and greater deprivation, and less frequently had previous GDM (all p < 0.05). During COVID, these women had no differences in the key outcome measures. Of the women, 3% were identified with pre-existing diabetes at antenatal booking. Where OGTT continued during COVID, but virtual care was introduced, outcomes were also similar pre- and during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Using HbA1c and fasting glucose identified a higher risk GDM population during the pandemic but this had minimal impact on pregnancy outcomes. The high prevalence of undiagnosed pre-existing diabetes suggests that women with GDM risk factors should be offered HbA1c screening in early pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh-Maire Mclennan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert Lindsay
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Nithya Sukumar
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Sara L White
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter von Dadelszen
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christy Burden
- Academic Women's Health Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kathryn Hunt
- Academic Women's Health Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Priya George
- Ninewell's Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jane E Hirst
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine Lattey
- Academic Women's Health Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tara T M Lee
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Helen R Murphy
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Eleanor M Scott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Laura A Magee
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Atieh O, Durieux JC, Baissary J, Mouchati C, Labbato D, Thomas A, Merheb A, Ailstock K, Funderburg N, McComsey GA. The Long-Term Effect of COVID-19 Infection on Body Composition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1364. [PMID: 38732609 PMCID: PMC11085433 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of COVID-19 infection versus the indirect effect of the pandemic on body composition remains unclear. This study investigates the long-term changes in body composition in COVID-19 survivors compared to a contemporary control group. METHOD This is a prospective study involving adults who underwent a pre-pandemic whole-body DXA scan (DXA#1) between 2017 and 2019. Participants were asked to return for a repeat whole-body DXA scan (DXA#2) after the pandemic. Detailed data were collected including their medical and COVID-19 history. Inflammation markers and fasting lipids were measured. For those participants who experienced a COVID-19 infection between the two DXAs, DXA#2 was acquired at least one year after COVID-19 infection. RESULTS Overall, 160 adults were enrolled; 32.5% females, 51.8% non-white, with mean age of 43.2 years. Half (n = 80) of the participants experienced a COVID-19 infection between their two DXA scans (COVID-19+ group), and the other half had never had COVID-19. COVID-19-negative participants displayed an increase in annualized trunk fat (g) [922.5 vs. 159.7; p = 0.01], total fat (g) [1564.3 vs. 199.9; p = 0.2], and LBM (g) [974.9 vs. -64.5; p = 0.0002] when compared to the COVID-19+ group. However, among the COVID-19+ group, no differences were seen in annualized trunk fat, total fat mass, or LBM between those with PASC and without (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION During the pandemic, both the COVID-19 survivors and the COVID-19-negative group exhibited increases in weight, total fat, and trunk fat, likely associated with pandemic-linked lifestyle modifications. However, only COVID-19 survivors displayed a decline in lean body mass over the same period, regardless of PASC symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ornina Atieh
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Jared C. Durieux
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Jhony Baissary
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Christian Mouchati
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
| | - Danielle Labbato
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Alicia Thomas
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Alexander Merheb
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Kate Ailstock
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Grace A. McComsey
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (O.A.); (J.B.); or (A.T.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.C.D.); (D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bener A, Atmaca M, Al-Hamaq AOAA, Ventriglio A. Physical and Mental Health Characteristics of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Turkey. Brain Sci 2024; 14:377. [PMID: 38672026 PMCID: PMC11048631 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the rates of depression, anxiety, and stress and quality of sleeping among COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A case and control design has been employed, involving patients affected by COVID-19 infection (884 with T2DM vs. 884 controls without T2DM) and hospitalized in Istanbul (Turkey) from January to December 2021. A multivariate stepwise regression approach was used to test the associations between sociodemographic, metabolic, serum markers, mental health scores, and T2DM/COVID-19 patients' clinical presentation. A statistically significant difference between T2DM and non-T2DM was found with respect to age, gender, BMI (body mass index), smoking, physical exercise, and physical comorbidities as well as levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and sleeping disorders (0.0003 ≤ all p = 0.025). With regard to serum biomarkers, vitamin D and ferritin were identified as useful parameters of reduction of glycated hemoglobin as well as COVID-19 infection among T2DM patients. This study detected that 25% of patients with COVID-19 and T2DM experienced mental distress, with sleeping disturbances and lifestyle changes markedly impacting their clinical outcome alongside metabolic and serum parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Public Health, Medipol International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey;
- Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PR, UK
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Murat Atmaca
- Department of Endocrinology, Medipol International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey;
| | | | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cuevas Fernández FJ, Delgado Estévez JL, Hernández Lorenzo M, Segovia Martínez CM, Cabrera León A, Aguirre-Jaime A. [Diabetes control and visits to the family doctor during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter study in primary care]. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:102815. [PMID: 38043174 PMCID: PMC10703598 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) the changes in their relationship with family doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person (iPC) and telematic (TC) consultations, were associated with control of their disease. DESIGN Multicentric study of retrospective follow-up. SETTING Seven health centers in Tenerife, Spain. PARTICIPANTS 3543 patients with DM2. MAIN MEASUREMENTS Sex, age, iPC, TC and DM2 control using glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) during the period 2019-2021. Logistic regression models were fitted with DM2 control as an effect, and with the other measurements as independent variables. RESULTS 50% were women. 38% were less than 65 years old. A1c was measured in 84% of patients in 2019, 68% in 2020, and 77% in 2021. 58.4% had good control in 2019, 46.1% in 2020, and 50.3% in 2021. Median iPC were 7 in 2019, 4 in 2020 and 5 in 2021 (p<0.001). The OR(95%CI) of good control in 2019 were 1.04(1.04-1.05) per year of age and 1.03(1.01-1.04) for each iPC; In 2020 they were 1.04 (1.03-1.05) per year of age, 1.05 (1.04-1.07) for each iPC and 1.04 (1.02-1.07) for each TC; in 2021 they were 1.04 (1.04-1.05) per year of age, 1.05 (1.03-1.06) for each iPC and 1.02 (1.00-1.04) for each TC. CONCLUSIONS The control of patients with DM2 during the period 2019-2021 had a direct relationship with the change in the frequency of consultations at the health center, with differences depending on the type of consultation and the age of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Cuevas Fernández
- Gerencia de Atención primaria de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - Juan Luis Delgado Estévez
- Gerencia de Atención primaria de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | | | - Cristóbal Manuel Segovia Martínez
- Gerencia de Atención primaria de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - Antonio Cabrera León
- Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Unidad de Investigación de la Gerencia de Atención Primaria y del Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España.
| | - Armando Aguirre-Jaime
- Servicio de Apoyo a la Investigación en Cuidados del Colegio de Enfermer@s de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Castillo-Ortega R, Vega-Vargas J, Durán-Aguero S. Assessment of clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 in people with type 1 diabetes: A cohort study. Nutrition 2024; 118:112263. [PMID: 37988927 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, there had been more than 758 million COVID-19 cases as of February 13, 2023, and it is the main cause of death in many countries. Due to the variation in disease presentation, scientists determined that people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus were at higher risk of mortality. However, people living with type 1 diabetes have not been thoroughly studied, especially in extreme regions of developing countries. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic restrictions on different variables in a cohort with type 1 diabetes. METHODS This cohort-type study included pediatric and adult patients with type 1 diabetes at Regional Hospital Dr. Juan Noé Crevani in Arica, Chile. Biosocial and anthropometric factors, clinical history, self-care activities, and biochemical parameters were assessed and compared using analysis of variance and paired t tests between March 2020 and March 2021. RESULTS A total of 150 patients were assessed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Arica, Chile. One year after the pandemic struck, the main causes for metabolic deterioration were a reduction of carbohydrate counting by an average of 8.67% (P = 0.000), a reduction of adherence to treatment by an average of 25% (P = 0.000), and a shift to telemedicine as a main health care service (P = 0.023); these factors raised hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels by 1.81%, 1.78% and 0.075%, respectively. The participants' average body mass index (BMI) increased by 1.26 kg/m2 and HbA1c levels increased by 0.16% during the first year of the pandemic. Also, hospitalizations increased about 2% (P = 0.984), and there was a significant increase in carbohydrate and snack intake (P = 0.330 and P = 0.811, respectively). Children's linear growth decreased by a standard deviation of 0.035 (P = 0.648), and their physical activity decreased by 12.67% (P = 0.383). CONCLUSIONS This study found that adherence to diabetes care was reduced during the pandemic owing to a variety of behavioral reasons and environmental changes (e.g., quarantines and food security). This affected this population's HbA1c levels, BMI, linear growth, and number of hospitalizations as main consequences. Telemedicine remains an important tool, but it must be reconsidered among all different age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Vega-Vargas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y de Sistemas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Samuel Durán-Aguero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lu L, Liu G, Xu Y, Jiang J, Wei Z. A systematic review of studies on stress during the COVID-19 pandemic by visualizing their structure through COOC, VOS viewer, and Cite Space software. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1297112. [PMID: 38333890 PMCID: PMC10850234 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1297112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 epidemic generated different forms of stress. From this period, there has been a remarkable increase in the quantity of studies on stress conducted by scholars. However, few used bibliometric analyses to focus on overall trends in the field. Purpose This study sought to understand the current status and trends in stress development during COVID-19, as well as the main research drives and themes in this field. Methods 2719 publications from the Web of Science(WOS) core repository on stress during COVID-19 were analyzed by utilizing Co-Occurrence (COOC), VOS viewer, and Cite Space bibliometric software. The overall features of research on stress during COVID-19 were concluded by analyzing the quantity of publications, keywords, countries, and institutions. Results The results indicated that the United States had the largest number of publications and collaborated closely with other countries with each other. University of Toronto was the most prolific institution worldwide. Visualization and analysis demonstrated that the influence of stress during COVID-19 on the work, life, mental and spiritual dimensions is a hot research topic. Among other things, the frequency of each keyword in research on stress during COVID-19 increased from 2021 to 2022, and the researchers expanded their scope and study population; the range of subjects included children, nurses, and college students, as well as studies focusing on different types of stress, and emphasizing the handling of stress. Conclusion Our findings reveal that the heat of stress research during COVID-19 has declined, and the main research forces come from the United States and China. Additionally, subsequent research should concern more on coping methods with stress, while using more quantitative and qualitative studies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Lu
- College of Teacher Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guiping Liu
- College of Teacher Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinxiu Jiang
- College of Teacher Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizi Wei
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
İlaslan E, Adıbelli D. Exploring Disease Management Experiences of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. Clin Nurs Res 2024; 33:51-59. [PMID: 37798953 DOI: 10.1177/10547738231201996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection on disease management among individuals with type 2 diabetes and to explore their perspectives on COVID-19. This descriptive qualitative study included patients with diabetes, with a sample of 15 patients meeting the study criteria. The data were analyzed using code groups, which were then further categorized into main themes and subthemes. The main themes were: initial contact with the SARS-CoV-2 that is associated with COVID-19 illness changes in diabetes self-management behaviors; attempt at maintaining diabetes selfmanagement behaviors; and problems with accessing diabetes care. The study findings revealed several significant insights. Individuals with diabetes exhibited a fear of contracting SARS-CoV-2, which led to reduced levels of exercise and difficulties in managing blood sugar levels and insulin adjustments. Moreover, due to anxiety about COVID-19 infection, they postponed health check-ups, resulting in experiencing diabetes-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine İlaslan
- Akdeniz University Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Antalya, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Sousa EF, Miele MJ, Guida JP, Rehder PM, Surita FG, Costa ML. Nutricional intake, maternal outcomes and knowledge on preeclampsia prevention: Was there impact during the COVID-19 pandemic among women with hypertension? Pregnancy Hypertens 2023; 34:67-73. [PMID: 37857041 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Compare nutritional intake, weight gain, frequency of superimposed pre-eclampsia (SPE) and adequate use/knowledge on preventive interventions for PE, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women with chronic hypertension (CH) METHODS: Prospective cohort of pregnant women with CH. Inclusion between 13 and 25 weeks, with sociodemographic characterization, food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall (R24h). Indirect adherence test MEDTAKE was employed to investigate adequate use/understanding of calcium and aspirin. Frequency of SPE, weight gain, food intake, maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared between periods. RESULTS 58 women were included and 116 R24h considered. Over 80 % used aspirin and calcium for PE prophylaxis. However, less than half understood the meaning of such interventions. There were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, majority white, 20 to 34 years-old, and multiparous. There were 31 women included before and 27 during the pandemic. Frequency of SPE was respectively 40 % and 44.4 % before and during the pandemic (p = 0.746) and weight gain 8.7Kg before and 7.4Kg during the pandemic. There was no difference in macronutrient intake, average calcium consumption was 444.8 mg before and 402.6 mg during the pandemic; with inadequate use/understanding of preventive interventions for PE. CONCLUSION The pandemic period did not significantly increase the risk of SPE, without significant increase in weight gain or worsening food quality intake and knowledge on preventive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ferreira de Sousa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Julia Miele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Guida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Moreti Rehder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Garanhani Surita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jashi L, Kvanchakhadze R, Peshkova T, Dundua K, Nakaidze L, Margalitadze E, Gachechiladze T. The Effect of Metabolic Control on Diabetes Complication Rates and the Need for Medical Care During COVID-19 Social Isolation in Adjara, Georgia. Cureus 2023; 15:e51093. [PMID: 38274943 PMCID: PMC10808950 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social isolation or distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with poor metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. It might have contributed to the high mortality rate of those with diabetes who became infected. This study aims to determine the degree or level of metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus, the progression of its complications, and the need for emergency care during social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in Georgia on 752 diabetic patients aged under 65 years old. Results showed that many patients did not control their blood glucose levels, measure their blood pressure, or know their cholesterol and glycated hemoglobin levels before and after the pandemic. Over 35% of patients experienced glycemic profile fluctuations. We compared metabolic rates with complications of diabetes and the need for emergency medical care during isolation. It was found that the testability of glycemia (p = 0.006), fluctuations in glucose (p = 0.001), and glycated hemoglobin levels before (p = 0.001) and after the pandemic (p = 0.004) increased the prevalence of diabetes-related heart disease and multiple micro- and macroangiopathies. Blood pressure (p = 0.001), cholesterol levels (p = 0.001), and glucose control (p = 0.012) affected the condition of patients with diabetes mellitus. It increased the need for medical care due to infarction, hypertension crisis, and hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS In a crisis where medical care is limited, the management of diabetes patients requires more attention. Our study proves that active middle-aged patients during isolation had poor metabolic control in terms of self-control of the disease. It is necessary to constantly inform and educate patients about the importance of metabolic parameters in progressing diabetes complications. Proper metabolic control could prevent complications of diabetes and improve a patient's quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liana Jashi
- Medicine, David Agmashenebeli University of Georgia, Tbilisi, GEO
- Medicine, Avicenna - Batumi Medical University, Batumi, GEO
| | - Rusudan Kvanchakhadze
- Endocrinology, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health (NCDC), Tbilisi, GEO
| | - Tamar Peshkova
- Medicine, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, GEO
- Medicine, Avicenna - Batumi Medical University, Batumi, GEO
| | - Ketevan Dundua
- Medicine, David Aghmashenebeli University of Georgia, Tbilisi, GEO
- Medicine, Avicenna - Batumi Medical University, Batumi, GEO
| | - Lela Nakaidze
- Medicine, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, GEO
| | - Eter Margalitadze
- Medicine, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, GEO
- Medicine, Avicenna - Batumi Medical University, Batumi, GEO
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sankoda A, Nagae Y, Waki K, Sze WT, Oba K, Mieno M, Nangaku M, Yamauchi T, Ohe K. Glycemic Control, Renal Progression, and Use of Telemedicine Phone Consultations Among Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study. JMIR Diabetes 2023; 8:e42607. [PMID: 37315193 DOI: 10.2196/42607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced or delayed medical follow-ups have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may lead to worsening clinical outcomes for patients with diabetes. The Japanese government granted special permission for medical institutions to use telephone consultations and other remote communication modes during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate changes in the frequency of outpatient consultations, glycemic control, and renal function among patients with type 2 diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This is a retrospective single-cohort study conducted in Tokyo, Japan, analyzing results for 3035 patients who visited the hospital regularly. We compared the frequency of outpatient consultations attended (both in person and via telemedicine phone consultation), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during the 6 months from April 2020 to September 2020 (ie, during the COVID-19 pandemic) with those during the same period of the previous year, 2019, using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. We conducted a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors related to the changes in glycemic control and eGFR. We also compared the changes in HbA1c and eGFR from 2019 to 2020 among telemedicine users and telemedicine nonusers using difference-in-differences design. RESULTS The overall median number of outpatient consultations attended decreased significantly from 3 (IQR 2-3) in 2019 to 2 (IQR 2-3) in 2020 (P<.001). Median HbA1c levels deteriorated, though not to a clinically significant degree (6.90%, IQR 6.47%-7.39% vs 6.95%, IQR 6.47%-7.40%; P<.001). The decline in median eGFR was greater during the year 2019-2020 compared to the year 2018-2019 (-0.9 vs -0.5 mL/min/1.73 m2; P=.01). Changes in HbA1c and eGFR did not differ between patients who used telemedicine phone consultations and those who did not. Age and HbA1c level before the pandemic were positive predictors of worsening glycemic control during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas the number of outpatient consultations attended was identified as a negative predictor of worsening glycemic control during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in reduced attendance of outpatient consultations among patients with type 2 diabetes, and these patients also experienced deterioration in kidney function. Difference in consultation modality (in person or by phone) did not affect glycemic control and renal progression of the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sankoda
- Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Nagae
- Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayo Waki
- Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Thing Sze
- Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Oba
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Mieno
- Department of Medical Informatics, Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohe
- Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ojewale LY, Mukumbang FC. Access to healthcare services for people with non-communicable diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibadan, Nigeria: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1231. [PMID: 37946244 PMCID: PMC10636991 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desirable outcomes for people with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are achieved when they access routine monitoring and care services. Expectedly, the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted access to healthcare services, leading to poor health outcomes among people with NCDs. We aimed to [1] explore the delays in accessing healthcare services and [2] understand alternative actions adopted by people with NCDs to overcome these delays. METHODS We conducted an exploratory qualitative research guided by the "Three Delays" model to unpack the barriers to healthcare access for people living with NCDs in Ibadan, Nigeria. The "Three Delays" model conceptualizes the reasons for negative/adverse healthcare outcomes related to the patient's decision-making to seek healthcare, reaching an appropriate healthcare facility, and receiving adequate care at the healthcare facility. Twenty-five (25) people with NCDs were purposively selected from the University College Hospital's medical outpatient department to participate in in-depth interviews. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a deductive-inductive hybrid thematic analysis. RESULTS At the level of individual decision-making, delays were related to fear of contracting COVID-19 in the hospital (considered a hotspot of the COVID-19 pandemic). Regarding reaching an appropriate healthcare facility, delays were mainly attributed to the intra- and inter-city lockdowns, limiting the movements of persons. For those who successfully arrived at the healthcare facilities, delays were related to the unavailability of healthcare professionals, prioritization of COVID-19 patients, and mandatory adherence to COVID-19 protocols, including COVID-19 testing. To overcome the delays mentioned above, people with NCDs resorted to (i) using private healthcare facilities, which were more costly, (ii) using virtual consultation through mobile phone Apps and (iii) self-management, usually by repeating previously prescribed prescriptions to obtain medication. CONCLUSION Pandemic conditions provide unique challenges to people with chronic illnesses. Recognizing the need for continuous access to monitoring and care services under such conditions remains critical. Alternative health service provision approaches should be considered in pandemic situations, including remote healthcare services such as Mobile health apps (mHealth) that can help manage and prevent NCDs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mei Y, Yang X, Gui J, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen W, Chen M, Liu C, Zhang L. The relationship between psychological resilience and depression among the diabetes patients under the background of "dynamic zero COVID-19": the mediating role of stigma and the moderating role of medication burden. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1124570. [PMID: 37680269 PMCID: PMC10481163 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1124570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression in diabetes patients is caused by their own disease or the surrounding social environment. How to cope with changes in mentality and adjust psychological stress responses, especially under China's dynamic zero COVID-19 policy, is worth further discussion. The researchers constructed a moderated mediation model to test the effect of psychological resilience during dynamic zero COVID-19 on depression in diabetes patients and the mediating role of stigma and the moderating effect of medication burden. Method From June to September, 2022, data were collected in Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, by multi-stage stratified sampling. Firstly, we selected a tertiary hospital randomly in Jinghu District. Secondly, departments are randomly chosen from the hospital. Finally, we set up survey points in each department and randomly select diabetes patients. In addition, we used the Connor-Davidson Elasticity Scale (CD-RISC) to measure psychological resilience of patients, and used the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI) to measure stigma, medication burden was measured by the Diabetes Treatment Burden Scale (DTBQ), and depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We used SPSS (version 23.0) and PROCESS (version 4.1) for data analysis. Results (1) Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with stigma, medication burden, and depression. Stigma was positively associated with medication burden and depression. Medication burden and depression are positively correlated, (2) The mediation analysis showed that psychological resilience had a direct predictive effect on depression, and stigma partially mediated the relationship, and (3) Medication burden moderates the direct pathway by which psychological resilience predicts depression; Medication burden moderates the first half of "psychological resilience → stigma → depression." Conclusion Under the mediating effect of stigma, psychological resilience can improve depression. Medication burden has a moderating effect on the relationship between psychological resilience and depression, and it also has a moderating effect on the relationship between psychological resilience and stigma. These results facilitate the understanding of the relationship mechanisms between psychological resilience and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Mei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - JiaoFeng Gui
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - YuQing Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - XiaoYun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Mingjia Chen
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Changjun Liu
- School of Marxism, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Byeon H. Developing a nomogram for predicting depression in diabetic patients after COVID-19 using machine learning. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1150818. [PMID: 37533521 PMCID: PMC10390766 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1150818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study identified major risk factors for depression in community diabetic patients using machine learning techniques and developed predictive models for predicting the high-risk group for depression in diabetic patients based on multiple risk factors. Methods This study analyzed 26,829 adults living in the community who were diagnosed with diabetes by a doctor. The prevalence of a depressive disorder was the dependent variable in this study. This study developed a model for predicting diabetic depression using multiple logistic regression, which corrected all confounding factors in order to identify the relationship (influence) of predictive factors for diabetic depression by entering the top nine variables with high importance, which were identified in CatBoost. Results The prevalence of depression was 22.4% (n = 6,001). This study calculated the importance of factors related to depression in diabetic patients living in South Korean community using CatBoost to find that the top nine variables with high importance were gender, smoking status, changes in drinking before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in smoking before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, subjective health, concern about economic loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in sleeping hours due to the COVID-19 pandemic, economic activity, and the number of people you can ask for help in a disaster situation such as COVID-19 infection. Conclusion It is necessary to identify the high-risk group for diabetes and depression at an early stage, while considering multiple risk factors, and to seek a personalized psychological support system at the primary medical level, which can improve their mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haewon Byeon
- Department of Digital Anti-aging Healthcare (BK21), Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Big Data, College of AI Convergence, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mateo-Gallego R, Gracia-Rubio I, Garza MC, Cebollada A, Pérez-Calahorra S, Bayona-Sánchez A, Bujeda-Hernández C, Jarauta E, Sánchez-Calavera MA, Lamiquiz-Moneo I. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in diabetes and dyslipidemia management in a Spanish region: a retrospective study of the Aragon population. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1191026. [PMID: 37484851 PMCID: PMC10359133 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1191026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous research has indicated that the COVID-19 outbreak had a negative impact on the diagnosis and management of cardiometabolic diseases. Our aim was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Aragon region of Spain. Methods We conducted an observational retrospective study, which included data from all patients diagnosed with active T2D or dyslipidemia in Aragon during 2019-2021. Data was collected from the BIGAN platform, a big database that includes all healthcare data from the Aragon population. Clinical, biochemical, and pharmacological prescription information was obtained for each patient and for each year. Results Out of the total population of 1,330,000 in the Aragon region, 90,000 subjects were diagnosed with T2D each year, resulting in a prevalence of approximately 7%. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a decrease in the prevalence of this disease and a lower incidence during the year 2020. In addition, patients with T2D experienced a deterioration of their glucose profile, which led to an increase in the number of patients requiring pharmacological therapy. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was approximately 23.5% in both 2019 and 2020 and increased to 24.5% in 2021. Despite the worsening of the anthropometric profile, the lipid profile improved significantly throughout 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019. Moreover, the number of active pharmacological prescriptions increased significantly in 2021. Discussion Our findings suggest that the overload of the health system caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an underdiagnosis of T2D. Moreover, patients with T2D experienced a worsening of their glycemic profile, an increase in their pharmacological requirements, and lower performance of their analytical determinations. Dyslipidemic subjects improved their lipid profile although the value of lipid profile determination decreased between 2020 and 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Mateo-Gallego
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Irene Gracia-Rubio
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Carmen Garza
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto Cebollada
- Computation Unit, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sofía Pérez-Calahorra
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Bayona-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Estibaliz Jarauta
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Antonia Sánchez-Calavera
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud), Barcelona, Spain
- Aragones Health Service, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kumar S, Diwan N, Mishra A, Bhadoria AS. Assessment of Risk Factor Progression Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Diagnosed Cases of Hypertension and Diabetes Under the Field Practice Area of Urban Primary Health Centre, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Cureus 2023; 15:e42048. [PMID: 37602091 PMCID: PMC10432847 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension and diabetes were the two pertinent comorbidities of non-communicable disease which was most deadly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, globally. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the progression of risk factors in patients with hypertension and diabetes, and behavioural risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS A community-based longitudinal study was carried out for a period of one year in patients with pre-existing hypertension and diabetes in the field practise area of urban primary health centres (UPHC) in Rishikesh. The sample size is estimated to be 274, Only 100 study participants could be enrolled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A convenience sampling method was used. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Mean ± SD was calculated for continuous variables. The Chi-square test and the Fischer exact test were employed as appropriate to examine the association. To compare the means, the paired "T-test" was utilised. RESULT Mean age of 100 study participants was 56 years ± 11SD. A significant difference (p=0.03) in random blood sugar and diastolic blood pressure was observed before and during the pandemic Proportion of tobacco users and alcoholics was 33% and 22%, respectively. The progression of hypertension and diabetes was reported to be significant among the participants with unhealthy diets and unhealthy lifestyles. CONCLUSION COVID-19 pandemic poses an increase in risk factors like the adoption of unhealthy and sedentary lifestyles, tobacco, and alcohol consumption. All these factors were significantly (p=0.02) associated with the progression of diabetes and hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Naveen Diwan
- Epidemiology and Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Ashutosh Mishra
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Ajeet S Bhadoria
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jahan I, Hasan ABMN, Sharif AB, Akter S. Changes in dietary habit and physical activity among the diabetic patients of Bangladesh during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0002096. [PMID: 37384604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to avert further Covid-19 transmission, the Bangladesh government took several initiatives which disrupted the routine food intake and exercise of diabetic patients. This study sought to examine the difference in dietary and exercise habits of diabetic patients between their pre-pandemic status and during COVID-19 which may be attributed to the observed poor health outcomes during the study period. This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 604 diabetic patients using a convenience sampling technique who were attending outpatient clinics of the three selected hospitals in Bangladesh. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information regarding eating habit and physical activity of the respondents pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic via direct interview. McNemar-Bowker test was used to assess the changes in dietary and physical activity behaviors. The current study reveals that 93.9% of the respondents were type-2 diabetic patients. During the pandemic, there was a decrease in the consumption of rice, bread, meat, fish, eggs, and dessert, while the consumption of cereals, milk, and potato/starchy vegetables increased. There was also a decrease in the frequency of drinking tea or coffee, while the consumption of soft drinks remained relatively stable. The level and duration of physical activity significantly decreased among the respondents during the pandemic. This study explored the changes in dietary habits and physical activity among the study population which not only disrupt the metabolic control of the diabetic patients but also pose a significant threat to their overall health. Therefore, it is critical to prioritize measures that support diabetic patients to maintain healthy dietary habit and to engage in regular physical activity during unprecedented times such as COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Jahan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A B M Nahid Hasan
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Azaz Bin Sharif
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Akter
- Nutrition and Health Education Department, Bangladesh Institute of Health Science General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang Y, Su Y, Byun Y, Lee Y, Kim S. Analysis of multiple chronic disease characteristics in middle-aged and elderly South Koreans by exercise habits based on association rules mining algorithm. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1232. [PMID: 37365542 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term, "multiple chronic diseases" (MCD), describes a patient with two or more chronic conditions simultaneously at the same time. Compared with general chronic diseases, it is linked to poorer health outcomes, more difficult clinical management, and higher medical expenses. Several existing MCD guidelines support a healthy lifestyle including regular physical activities but do not include specific exercise therapy recommendations. This study aimed to understand the prevalence and model of MCD in middle-aged and elderly South Koreans by comparing MCD characteristics with exercise habits, to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of exercise therapy in these patients. METHODS The data of 8477 participants aged > 45 years from the "2020 Korean Health Panel Survey" were used to analyze the current status of MCD in the middle-aged and elderly. The Chi-square test for categorical variables and the t-test for continuous variables. the used software was IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0. RESULTS In this study, the morbidity rate of MCD was 39.1%. Those with MCD were more likely to be female (p < 0.001), seniors over 65 years of age (p < 0.001), with low education level, no regular exercise behavior (p < 0.01). Chronic renal failure (93.9%), depression (90.4%), and cerebrovascular disease (89.6%) were the top three diseases identified in patients with MCD. A total of 37 association rules were identified for the group of individuals who did not engage in regular exercise. This equated to 61% more than that of the regular exercise group, who showed only 23 association rules. In the extra association rules, cardiovascular diseases (150%), spondylosis (143%), and diabetes (125%) are the three chronic diseases with the highest frequency increase. CONCLUSIONS Association rule analysis is effective in studying the relationship between various chronic diseases in patients with MCD. It also effectively helps with the identification of chronic diseases that are more sensitive to regular exercise behaviors. The findings from this study may be used to formulate more appropriate and scientific exercise therapy for patients with MCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaqi Su
- Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | | | - Youngil Lee
- University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sundarakumar JS, Mensegere AL, Malo PK, Ravindranath V. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on some modifiable risk factors of dementia in an aging, rural Indian population. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:954557. [PMID: 37275968 PMCID: PMC10237042 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.954557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns is likely to have caused adverse changes in lifestyle-related/cardiovascular risk factors and other such modifiable risk factors of dementia. We aimed to examine the pandemic's impact on some modifiable risk factors of dementia among rural Indians belonging to a large, prospective aging cohort-Srinivaspura Aging, NeuoSenescence, and COGnition (SANSCOG). Methods This was a cross-sectional study among adults aged ≥ 45 years (n = 3,148; 1,492 males and 1,656 females) residing in the villages of Srinivaspura in Karnataka state, India. SANSCOG study data (clinical and biochemical assessments) of these participants were obtained from three distinct periods: (i) the "pre-COVID period"-before India's nationwide lockdown on 24 March 2020, (ii) the "COVID period"-during the first and second waves of the pandemic, wherein the social restrictions were prominent (25 March 2020 to 30 September 2021), and (iii) the "post-COVID period"-after easing of restrictions (from 1 October 2021 onward). Proportions of participants with diabetes, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia (diagnosed using standard criteria), and depression (diagnosed using the Geriatric Depression Scale) were compared between the above three periods. Results The odds of having obesity, abnormal triglycerides, and depression among individuals in the COVID period were 1.42 times, 1.38 times, and 2.65 times more than the odds in the pre-COVID period, respectively. The odds of having hypertension, obesity, abnormal total cholesterol, abnormal triglycerides, abnormal LDL, and depression among individuals in the post-COVID period were 1.27 times, 1.32 times, 1.58 times, 1.95, 1.23, and 3.05 times more than the odds in the pre-COVID period, respectively. The odds of diabetes did not differ between any of the three periods. Discussion We found significantly higher odds of some of the studied risk factors in the COVID and post-COVID periods compared to the pre-COVID period, suggesting that the pandemic adversely impacted the physical and psychological health of this marginalized, rural Indian population. We call for urgent public health measures, such as multimodal, lifestyle-based, and psychosocial interventions, to mitigate this negative impact and reduce the future risk of dementia.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pitayarangsarit S, Bhagaman N, Yodmai K, Thangsirikul N, Tipayamongkholgul M. The resiliency of noncommunicable diseases services during the public health crisis: a lesson from Bangkok, Thailand. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:409. [PMID: 37101168 PMCID: PMC10132400 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthcare services for non-communicable diseases (NCD) are commonly affected by public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, all healthcare facilities in Bangkok had been overwhelmed by the extreme caseload of COVID-19. Health service resiliency is crucial for the continued service of healthcare facilities post pandemic. This study aims to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on NCD service disruption and addressed the resilience of healthcare services at the operational level. METHODS Healthcare facility-based surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted among representatives of the facilities in Bangkok from April 2021 to July 2021. The web-based, self-administered questionnaire, was sent to directors or authorities of all healthcare facilities in Bangkok Thailand (n = 169). Two healthcare facilities from three levels of health services were purposively selected. The directors or medical doctors and nurses who are in charge of the NCD service, and working at the six selected health facilities, were invited to participate in the in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the survey data, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data from the in-depth interviews. RESULTS The impact of COVID-19 on NCD service disruption in the second wave (2021) was more severe than in the first wave (2020). The main reasons for NCD service disruptions are insufficient staff, and the closure of some services offered by the healthcare facilities. Surprisingly, both the budget and medical supply for healthcare facilities in Bangkok are less affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study revealed resilience capability i.e. absorptive, adaptive, and transformative capabilityamong the healthcare facilities that provide a continuum of care by increasing availability and accessibility to healthcare services for chronic illness as DM. The service disruption in Bangkok may alter from other provinces because of variations in COVID-19 incidence and health services contexts. CONCLUSION During the public health crisis, using affordable and common digital technologies to ensure DM patients can access a continuum of care and providing alternative services such as mobile medical laboratories, medication delivery, and medical refill at drug stores can increase consistent monitoring of glycemic levels and use of prescribed medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Pitayarangsarit
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Nanapas Bhagaman
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Korravarn Yodmai
- Department of Family Health, Faculty of Public Health, Korravarn Yodmai, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nattaya Thangsirikul
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Melnikov S, Ben Avraham B, Itzhaki Ben Zadok O, Shaul A, Abuhazira M, Yaari V, Jaarsma T, Ben-Gal T. Self-care behaviours of patients with left ventricular assist devices in Israel: changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. ESC Heart Fail 2023. [PMID: 37075748 PMCID: PMC10375155 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) support the hearts of patients with advanced heart failure. Following LVAD implantation, patients face a complex regimen of self-care behaviours including self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring and self-care management. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, symptoms of anxiety and depression may have interfered with their self-care. Currently, little is known on how specific self-care behaviours of LVAD-implanted patients changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to describe the changes in self-care behaviours among patients with an implanted LVAD in Israel during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the factors related to self-care behaviour change. METHODS A prospective observational cross-sectional study design. A convenience sample of 27 Israeli LVAD-implanted patients (mean age 62.4 ± 9, 86% male, 78.6% living with a partner) completed the LVAD Self-Care Behaviour Scale (1 = never to 5 = always) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (0 = not at all to 3 = most of the time). Data were collected before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, Pearson's correlations, and one-way repeated measures ANOVAs. RESULTS During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant decrease was found in patients' adherence to checking and recording their LVAD speed, flow, power and PI (Pulsatility Index) (P = 0.05), checking their INR (P = 0.01), and daily weighing (P < 0.01). The prevalence of some behaviours (e.g. regularly exercising) increased in some patients and decreased in others. Patients living without a partner worsened their adherence to some of the self-care behaviours (e.g. taking medicines as prescribed), compared with those living with a partner (Mb = 5.0 ± 0 and Md = 5.0 ± 0, delta = 0 vs. Mb = 5.0 ± 0 and Md = 4.6 ± 0.9, delta = -0.4, respectively; F = 4.9, P = 0.04). Women, and not men, tended to improve their adherence to the self-care behaviour such as avoiding kinking, pulling, or moving the LVAD driveline at the exit site (Mb = 4.0 ± 1.0 and Md = 5.0 ± 0, delta = 1.0 vs. Mb = 4.5 ± 0.9 and Md = 4.4 ± 1.2, delta = -0.1, F = 4.7, P = 0.04, respectively). In total, 41% (11) patients reported neither anxiety nor depression, 11% (3) reported anxiety, 15% (4) reported depression, and 44% (12) reported both anxiety and depression. No associations between anxiety and/or depression and self-care behaviours were found. CONCLUSIONS Priorities in self-care behaviours among patients with implanted LVAD changed after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors that assisted with adherence to self-care behaviours included living with a partner and being female. The current results may guide further research on identifying behaviours that are at risk of not being maintained during a time of emergency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semyon Melnikov
- Nursing Department, Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Binyamin Ben Avraham
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviv Shaul
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miri Abuhazira
- VAD Coordinator and Heart and Lung Transplant Coordinator Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Vicky Yaari
- Head Nurse CHF Unit and Heart Transplant Coordinator Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tuvia Ben-Gal
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ruiz-Cortés M, Múzquiz-Barberá P, Herrero R, Vara MD, Escrivá-Martínez T, Carcelén R, Rodilla E, Baños RM, Lisón JF. How the Presence of a Doctor Known to Patients Impacts a Web-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Behaviour in Individuals with an Overweight/Obesity–Hypertension Phenotype: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071624. [PMID: 37049465 PMCID: PMC10097159 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The ‘Living Better’ web-based programme has shown short- and long-term benefits for body composition and psychological variables in obese patients with hypertension by promoting a healthier lifestyle. To further explore the potential of this programme, in this work we aimed to explore the possible effect of the patient’s ‘own doctor’ appearing in the video content of the Living Better intervention. (2) Methods: A total of 132 patients were randomly assigned either to the experimental (EG, n = 70) or control (CG, n = 62) group (with a doctor the patient knew as ‘their own’ or an ‘unknown doctor’, respectively). The body mass index (BMI), motivation towards physical activity (PA), PA levels, motivation to change one’s eating habits, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and eating behaviour were all assessed and compared at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). (3) Results: The results of this study confirmed the positive effects of the Living Better programme on BMI and external eating style, with significant improvements in these variables in both groups. In addition, in the EG there was higher intrinsic motivation to change eating behaviour (mean difference of 0.9, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6], p = 0.032) and lower amotivation (mean difference of −0.6, 95% CI [−1.2, −0.1], p = 0.027) compared to the CG. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of the patients’ own doctor in the audiovisual content of the Living Better intervention did not have significant additional benefits in terms of BMI or external eating style. However, their presence did improve intrinsic motivation and amotivation related to eating habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ruiz-Cortés
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Múzquiz-Barberá
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rocío Herrero
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Teruel, Spain
- Centre of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Vara
- Centre of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Polibienestar Research Institute, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Tamara Escrivá-Martínez
- Centre of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Polibienestar Research Institute, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Carcelén
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodilla
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Hypertension and Vascular Risk Unit, Hospital Universitario de Sagunto, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa María Baños
- Centre of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Polibienestar Research Institute, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Lisón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Centre of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-961369000 (ext. 64540)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The Impact of a Lockdown for the COVID-19 Pandemic on Seasonal HbA1c Variation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030763. [PMID: 36983918 PMCID: PMC10054572 DOI: 10.3390/life13030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes may be disrupted due to restricted medical service access and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown period. This retrospective cohort study examined changes of HbA1c levels in adults with type 2 diabetes 12 weeks before and after May 19 in 2021, the date that COVID-19 lockdown began in Taiwan. The mean levels of HbA1c-after were significantly lower than HbA1c-before in 2019 (7.27 ± 1.27% vs 7.43 ± 1.38%, p < 0.001), 2020 (7.27 ± 1.28% vs 7.37 ± 1.34%, p < 0.001), and 2021 (7.03 ± 1.22% vs 7.17 ± 1.29%, p < 0.001). Considering the seasonal variation of HbA1c, ΔHbA1c values (HbA1c-after minus HbA1c-before) in 2020 (with sporadic COVID-19 cases and no lockdown) were not significantly different from 2021 (regression coefficient [95% CI] = 0.01% [−0.02%, 0.03%]), while seasonal HbA1c variation in 2019 (no COVID-19) was significantly more obvious than in 2021 (−0.05% [−0.07, −0.02%]). In conclusion, HbA1c level did not deteriorate after a lockdown measure during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. However, the absolute seasonal reduction in HbA1c was slightly less during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the year without COVID-19.
Collapse
|
28
|
Fottrell E, King C, Ahmed N, Shaha SK, Morrison J, Pires M, Kuddus A, Nahar T, Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Khan AA, Azad K. Intermediate hyperglycaemia, diabetes and blood pressure in rural Bangladesh: five-year post-randomisation follow-up of the DMagic cluster-randomised controlled trial. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2023; 10:100122. [PMID: 36938333 PMCID: PMC10015271 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The DMagic trial showed that participatory learning and action (PLA) community mobilisation delivered through facilitated community groups, and mHealth voice messaging interventions improved diabetes knowledge in Bangladesh and the PLA intervention reduced diabetes occurrence. We assess intervention effects three years after intervention activities stopped. Methods Five years post-randomisation, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among a random sample of adults aged ≥30-years living in the 96 DMagic villages, and a cohort of individuals identified with intermediate hyperglycaemia at the start of the DMagic trial in 2016. Primary outcomes were: 1) the combined prevalence of intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes; 2) five-year cumulative incidence of diabetes among the 2016 cohort of individuals with intermediate hyperglycaemia. Secondary outcomes were: weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, knowledge and behaviours. Primary analysis compared outcomes at the cluster level between intervention arms relative to control. Findings Data were gathered from 1623 (82%) of the randomly selected adults and 1817 (87%) of the intermediate hyperglycaemia cohort. 2018 improvements in diabetes knowledge in mHealth clusters were no longer observable in 2021. Knowledge remains significantly higher in PLA clusters relative to control but no difference in primary outcomes of intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes prevalence (OR (95%CI) 1.23 (0.89, 1.70)) or five-year incidence of diabetes were observed (1.04 (0.78, 1.40)). Hypertension (0.73 (0.54, 0.97)) and hypertension control (2.77 (1.34, 5.75)) were improved in PLA clusters relative to control. Interpretation PLA intervention effect on intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes was not sustained at 3 years after intervention end, but benefits in terms of blood pressure reduction were observed. Funding Medical Research Council UK: MR/M016501/1 (DMagic trial); MR/T023562/1 (DClare study), under the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases (GACD) Diabetes and Scale-up Programmes, respectively.
Collapse
Key Words
- ADS, Appraisal of Diabetes Scale
- BADAS, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh
- BMI, Body Mass Index
- Bangladesh
- CVD, Cardiovascular disease(s)
- Cardiovascular risk
- Cluster randomised controlled trial
- Community intervention
- Control
- DBP, Diastolic blood pressure
- DDS, Dietary Diversity Score
- Diabetes
- GAD-7, Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment
- IQR, Inter-quartile range
- NCD, Non-communicable disease(s)
- PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9
- PLA, Participatory Learning and Action
- PP, Pulse pressure
- Prevention
- Rural
- SBP, Systolic blood pressure
- T2DM, Type-2 diabetesmellitus
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Fottrell
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Corresponding author. UCL Institute for Global Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Carina King
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjit Kumer Shaha
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Joanna Morrison
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Malini Pires
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Abdul Kuddus
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tasmin Nahar
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - A.K. Azad Khan
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kishwar Azad
- Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Olausson JM, Brady VJ, Storey S. Effect of COVID-19 on Type 2 Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors: A Rapid Review. Diabetes Spectr 2023; 36:228-244. [PMID: 37583557 PMCID: PMC10425230 DOI: 10.2337/ds22-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to describe how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown affected the self-care behaviors of people living with type 2 diabetes. Methods A systematic rapid review was conducted using four electronic databases. Studies reporting on the lockdown's impact on at least one of the self-care behaviors that were published from January 2020 through October 2021 were included. Findings were synthesized narratively, using the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists ADCES7 Self-Care Behaviors as a framework. The methodological level of evidence and quality ratings of the articles were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal Checklist. Results Fifteen articles were included. Most studies reported on at least five of the self-care behaviors. There were reported increases in diabetes-related stress, as well as in increases in dietary intake and changes in the timing of meals. Physical activity was reported to decrease. Overall, taking medications and glycemic self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) were unaffected by the lockdown. Of the studies reporting glycemic outcomes, the lockdown appeared to have little negative effect. None of the articles assessed all the self-care behaviors. The self-care behavior of SMBG was the least assessed. Most articles had a medium level of evidence and a medium to high quality rating (scores >60%). Conclusion The findings from this review found the COVID-19 lockdown had a variable impact on diabetes self-care behaviors. Because the potential for future COVID-19 surges and/or other virulent transmissible diseases remains a concern, health care providers should continue to address the importance of self-care behaviors to mitigate the risk of poor health outcomes in people with diabetes.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pettersson S, Jaarsma T, Hedgärd K, Klompstra L. Self-care in migrants with type 2 diabetes, during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:167-177. [PMID: 36353793 PMCID: PMC10098933 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is increasing globally and particularly affects vulnerable groups in society, such as migrants. Research shows that type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for severe illness when infected with COVID-19. Diabetes-related complications can be prevented with good glycaemic control. In addition, good glycaemic control has been shown to be an important cornerstone for preventing severe illness in individuals infected with COVID-19. In order to maintain good glycaemic control, self-care is needed. The purpose of this article is to describe self-care maintenance and possible changes in self-care maintenance and to explore factors related to unchanged self-care maintenance in migrant patients with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second aim is to describe well-being, social support, and the need for support from healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic in migrant patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN/METHOD A triangulation design with cross-sectional data collection was used. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and interpreted together in a triangulation design. Patients were selected by a diabetes nurse from a computer system at a health center in south-eastern Sweden and invited to participate in the study. A questionnaire was translated into the languages most commonly used at the clinic and sent out to 332 migrant patients who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and treated in primary care. This questionnaire assessed self-care maintenance for diabetes (questions inspired by the Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory), with questions added to every item to assess changes during the pandemic. When changes occurred, we asked the participants to elaborate. Open-ended questions asked the participants how they would like to receive information when there are changes in their healthcare. Descriptive statistical analyses were used for the quantitative data and qualitative data was analyzed using a directed approach to content analysis. RESULTS In total, 79 participants answered the questionnaire (mean age 69 ± 11, 51% male, 47% born in the Middle East). Of these, 76% stated a change in self-care. More than half (58%) stated changes in maintaining an active lifestyle, 40% had changed their physical exercise, and 38% had changed their behavior to avoid getting sick. Participants said that this change was due to staying at home or canceling social activities because they feared meeting people during the pandemic. Others were more physically active than before on a regular basis during the pandemic due to taking walks to get fit, as a precaution related to COVID-19, and having greater awareness about how to avoid getting sick. Approximately one-quarter of the participants experienced a change in contact with healthcare due to poorer access to care, with fewer doctors' appointments and care being postponed during the pandemic. More than half (58%) would like to receive information about healthcare changes by a letter in the regular mail. Social support had changed for 35% of the participants, with less support from family and friends due to the risk of being infected with COVID-19. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic led to societal restrictions that changed the way of life for many individuals. Migrant patients with type 2 diabetes, who are already a vulnerable group regarding self-care, had difficulties in maintaining good living habits during the pandemic. During crises such as COVID-19, support with self-care, such as closer contact with healthcare providers, is vital. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Knowledge about how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected migrants with type 2 diabetes can be used to support healthcare providers in identifying individuals who are at high risk of suffering from the consequences of their diabetes associated with the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pettersson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Klara Hedgärd
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Leonie Klompstra
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Luciani M, Bigoni C, Canesi M, Masotto M, Fabrizi D, Di Mauro S, Ausili D. Self-Care of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Interpretive Description Study. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:73-83. [PMID: 36196898 PMCID: PMC9535453 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221125991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), diabetes services have been disrupted, causing difficulties for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and understanding their experience could help improve diabetes care. Therefore, we used a qualitative interpretive description to explore the experience of self-care of adults with T2DM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed theoretically. The sample (N = 30) was composed of 7 females and 23 males, with a mean age of 69.9 years (60-77) and 19.4 mean years (3-40) of people living with T2DM. Our findings show reduced physical activity and increased smoking and alcohol consumption affected that self-care. Increased food consumption and stress eating, with greater stress and anxiety, caused worsening of glycemic values. Participants were able to contact healthcare professionals via eHealth or telephone. Others, even those with complications, were not able to receive care or advice. These results suggest that easier contact with health providers, continuous engagement, eHealth solutions, and formal peer support could help self-care in T2DM. Advanced nursing roles and services could solve many issues reported in this study during and after the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Luciani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy,Luciani Michela, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, Monza 20900, Italy.
| | - Camilla Bigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marta Canesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Matteo Masotto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Diletta Fabrizi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Di Mauro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Davide Ausili
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano – Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hussein YHH, Soliman AZM. Dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A cross-sectional study in Egypt. J Family Community Med 2023; 30:1-11. [PMID: 36843862 PMCID: PMC9954427 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_114_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown had a significant effect on people's lifestyles and dietary habits resulting in a possible negative health impact, particularly for patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the study was to assess the changes in dietary habits and lifestyle and how these relate to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), who attended Zagazig Diabetes Clinic, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 402 patients with T2D were included in this cross-sectional study. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information on socioeconomic status, dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and previous medical history. Weight and height were also measured, and hemoglobin A1C levels before and after lockdown were compared. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS. To determine statistical significance, Chi-square test was used for categorical variables whereas, paired t-test or McN-Nemar test, as appropriate, was used to compare change in HbA1c before and after lockdown. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with weight change, whereas binary logistic regression was used to determine factors related with glycemic control. RESULTS During the COVID-19 pandemic, 43.8% of the studied groups consumed more than their usual diet with an increase in fruits, vegetables, and immunity-boosting food; 57% depended on home-cooked food, 48.3% did not practice exercise. About 57% reported to have gained weight, 70.9% suffered from mental stress, and 66.7% reported inadequate sleep. Collectively, there was a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of good glycemic control in the studied groups (28.1% vs. 15.9%) before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, respectively (P < 0.001). Weight gain, physical inactivity, mental stress, and inadequate sleep were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. CONCLUSION COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the lifestyle and dietary habits of the studied groups. Therefore, it is very important to ensure better diabetes management in this critical period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Al-Zahraa M. Soliman
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Haghighat N, Foroutan H, Hesameddini I, Amini M, Hosseini B, Moeinvaziri N, Hosseini SV, Kamran H. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Success of Bariatric Surgeries in Patients with Severe Obesity. Obes Facts 2023; 16:82-88. [PMID: 36380632 PMCID: PMC9808887 DOI: 10.1159/000528082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) pandemic may influence the weight outcomes of bariatric surgeries (BS). Here, we intended to compare the weight outcome of patients who underwent BS before and during the pandemic time. METHODS In a retrospective, single-center study, the information of two groups of patients; first COVID-19 group (n = 51) consisted of those that underwent BS during the pandemic and completed a year of follow-up, second non-COVID-19 group included 50 patients who underwent BS and were followed up before the pandemic. All the patients' anthropometric and obesity-related disease data were compared between groups. RESULTS Weight loss and the decrease of body mass index 1 year after the surgery, as well as excess weight loss and total weight loss, were significantly higher in the non-COVID-19 group compared to the COVID-19 group (p < 0.05). Although the rate of remission for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was higher in the non-COVID-19 group, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION We showed a significantly poorer weight outcome at the 1-year follow-up of the BS during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic. These results need further investigations to determine the preventive measures and management by evaluating the associated factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Foroutan
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Iman Hesameddini
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Amini
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Babak Hosseini
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Moeinvaziri
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hooman Kamran
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Hooman Kamran,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Eseyneh T, Wondiye H, Fentaw Z, Eseyneh N, Bogale EK, Gutema H. Behavioral responses for facemask use messages to prevent COVID-19 among residents of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia: an application of extended parallel process model. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2409. [PMID: 36550488 PMCID: PMC9773474 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes major morbidity and mortality in the world. Timely behavioral response assessment of the community is important to shape the next effective interventions and risk communication strategies to adopt preventive behavior. Hence, this study aimed to assess behavioral responses for facemask-use messages to prevent COVID-19 and its predictors among residents of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia, 2021 by using the Extended Parallel Process Model. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with the guide of the Extended Parallel Process Model in Bahir Dar city from March 9 to April 9, 2021. A multistage sampling technique was used, and data was collected through a face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire using Epicollect5. Descriptive statistics and Binary logistic regression were computed using SPSS V.25. Variable with P < 0.25 in the bivariable analysis was a candidate for multivariable analysis to control confounding effect. In multivariable analysis, variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and the result was presented using an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 616 participants with a response rate of 97.1% were included. Of the total participants, 229(37.2%) were in the danger control response. The behavioral response was affected by Occupational status [AOR (95%CI) 3.53(1.67-7.46)], the number of people living together [AOR (95%CI) 2.62(1.28-5.39)], self-control [AOR (95%CI) 1.14(1.05-1.25)], a friend for the preferred source of information [AOR (95%CI) 5.18(3.22-8.33)] and printed materials for the preferred channel [AOR (95%CI) 2.14(1.35-3.43)]. CONCLUSION Above one-third of the participants were in the danger control response. Occupational status, number of people living together, self-control, a friend for the preferred source of information, and printed materials for the preferred channel were independent predictors of resident behavioral response to the use of facemasks. Policymakers should consider students and people who live alone. Message developers should use a friendly person to transmit messages and should prepare printed materials. Activities and strategies should also focus on self-control and perceived efficacy without ignoring the perceived threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tenagnework Eseyneh
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Wondiye
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Zinabu Fentaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Netsanet Eseyneh
- Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Eyob Ketema Bogale
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Hordofa Gutema
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hanetz-Gamliel K, Dollberg DG. Links between mothers' ACEs, their psychopathology and parenting, and their children's behavior problems-A mediation model. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1064915. [PMID: 36620690 PMCID: PMC9813961 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1064915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Children of mothers with a history of adverse childhoods are at greater risk of behavior problems. However, the mechanisms through which a mother's early adverse experiences (ACEs) are transmitted to her children need further study. Our goal was to examine a conceptual mediational model linking mothers' ACEs, maternal psychopathology symptoms, and parenting behaviors with children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors sequentially. Methods A sample of 153 Israeli mothers of children ages 3-12 (52% girls) participated in the study, and most of the mothers (94.7%) were cohabiting with a spouse. Mothers completed online questionnaires about their early adverse experiences, psychopathology symptoms, parenting behavior, and their children's internalizing and externalizing behavior. Results Results showed that mothers with higher ACE scores reported more maternal psychopathology symptoms and more internalizing behavior in their children. The mother's psychopathology in and of itself mediated the link between her ACEs and her child's internalizing and externalizing behavior. Moreover, an indirect sequential path emerged linking ACEs with the mother's psychopathology symptoms, which, in return, were linked with hostile parenting. Hostile parenting, in turn, was linked with children's internalizing and externalizing behavior. Discussion These findings highlight the complicated and intertwined ways in which adverse experiences early in the mother's life might put her child's wellbeing at risk. The findings suggest that ACEs are linked to maternal affect dysregulation, which interferes with parenting, increasing the risk of behavior problems in children. The findings underscore the need to assess mothers' adverse history, psychological distress, and parenting behavior, and provide treatments that can reduce the intergenerational transmission of early adverse experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Hanetz-Gamliel
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Khare J, Jindal S. Observational study on effect of lock down due to COVID 19 on HBA1c levels in patients with diabetes: Experience from Central India. Prim Care Diabetes 2022; 16:775-779. [PMID: 33419712 PMCID: PMC7837016 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with several complications. Prevalence of Diabetes in adult population in India ranges from 10.9 to 14.2% in urban area and 3.0-7.8% in rural area. Glycemic control is an important factor in preventing the complications associated with diabetes. HBA1c is the indicator of long-term glycemic control and slight variation in it significantly alters the risk of diabetic complications. Thus, the aim of this study was to study the change in HBA1c levels due to lock down in patients with diabetes. METHODS 307 patients with diabetes who had attended our endocrine OPD in last 3 months before nationwide 68 days lockdown from 24 March 2020 to 31 May 2020, and had recent HBA1c report in past and willing to participate were included in the study after informed consent from 2nd June 2020 to 14th June 2020 when first phase of Unlock started, to identify the change in HBA1c levels during the lockdown period in our patients with diabetes. RESULTS The patients were aged between 25-69 years and male to female ratio was 181:126 (1.44: 1). The mean age and mean duration of diabetes in our patients was 55.68 years and 7.95 years respectively. Increment of 0.51% was seen in mean HBA1c levels in our patient from 7.92% mean pre-lockdown HBA1c to mean of 8.43% after release of lock down. CONCLUSION Glycemic control got deranged during lockdown period with significant increase of mean HBA1c by 0.51% in immediate post lock down period which may significantly increase the annual incidence of complications related to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Khare
- People's Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, India; Director Hormone & Skin Centre, Bhopal, India.
| | - Sushil Jindal
- People's Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Alyahya MS, Okour NS, Khader Y, Al-Sheyab N. Retrospective study on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with type 2 diabetes in Northern Jordan. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065148. [PMID: 36351713 PMCID: PMC9644081 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During COVID-19 pandemic, complete lockdown of cities was one of the measures implemented by governments worldwide. Lockdown had a significant impact on people's lifestyles and access and utilisation of health services. This study aimed to assess the impact of the lockdown on glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN AND SETTING This was a retrospective study, electronic medical records at a leading University Hospital in Northern Jordan were used to extract study data. PARTICIPANTS All outpatients with T2DM. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood glucose and lipid profile for patients with T2DM, 6 months before and 6 months after the full COVID-19 lockdown. RESULTS A total of 639 patients (289 (45.2%) males and 350 (54.8%) females) were included in this study. Their age ranged from 18 to 91 years, with a mean (SD) of 59.9 (13.8) years. The overall means of HbA1c (8.41 vs 8.20, <0.001), high-density lipoprotein (1.16 vs 1.12, <0.001), low-density lipoprotein (2.81 vs 2.49, <0.001) and total cholesterol (4.45 vs 4.25, p<0.001) levels were significantly higher in the period before lockdown compared with the period after the lockdown. However, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose levels were not affected significantly after the lockdown. CONCLUSIONS The glycaemic control and lipid profile had significantly improved after COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. The availability of medication and medical advice delivery systems (monthly medicine deliveries) during the lockdown in Jordan might have positive impact on patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Alyahya
- Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medcine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nadeen Saeed Okour
- Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medcine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medcine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nihaya Al-Sheyab
- Allied Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Algheshairy RM, Alhomaid RM, Almujaydil MS, Alharbi HF, Alsanei WA. Influence of Using Food Delivery Applications on Adult Saudi Female Dietary Habits and Preferences during COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions: Attitude Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12770. [PMID: 36232068 PMCID: PMC9566569 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Food delivery applications (FDAs) shined during COVID-19 global lockdown restrictions. Consequently, lifestyle changes imposed a greater use of these applications over this period. These changes may strongly influence the nutritional health of individuals, particularly adult Saudi females. A cross-sectional study was performed to examine the influence of using FDAs during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on attitude behaviours, including dietary habits and preferences among Saudi adult females. Participants voluntarily submitted their answers to a questionnaire administered via the Google Survey platform. Results illustrated that most Saudi female users of FDAs were aged between 18-24 years with 64.9%, 91.5% being single and 37% ordering food online within one to two days a month. There was a significant association between the influence of using FDAs during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions and age, education, and average days of ordering food online (p ˂ 0.05). Another important factor is that higher education was associated with more frequent use of the FDAs, there were direct relationships between education level and using FDAs, 58% of the participants were educated as undergraduate or postgraduate. Although lifestyle changes increased the use of FDAs during COVID-19 global lockdown restrictions, these changes may negatively affect individuals' dietary habits and preferences, particularly adult Saudi females. These findings can aid in promoting healthy diet management globally and in Saudi Arabia unless the governments lead to significant beneficial changes toward improving food delivery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reham M. Algheshairy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad M. Alhomaid
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S. Almujaydil
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend F. Alharbi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Woroud A. Alsanei
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Al-Sofiani ME, AlMesned RK, Bafadel MS, Alguwaihes AM, Alfadda AA. The impact of a prolonged lockdown and utilization of diabetes telemedicine on cardiometabolic health in people with diabetes during the COVID-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia. Prim Care Diabetes 2022; 16:644-649. [PMID: 35773134 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To mitigate the spread of COVID-19, Saudi Arabia implemented a nationwide lockdown that lasted for approximately five months. Due to the limited availability of telemedicine in Saudi Arabia, many people with diabetes (PWD) lost access to diabetes care services during the lockdown period. Here, we examined the impact of lockdown on cardiometabolic health in PWD and how this may have differed between those who utilized diabetes telemedicine during lockdown versus those who did not. METHODS Hemoglobin A1C (A1C), body weight, lipid, and other cardiometabolic parameters were retrospectively reviewed in 384 PWD who attended routine clinic visits in the pre-lockdown (September 2019 to March 2020) and post-lockdown (Aug to Dec 2020) periods. Changes in cardiometabolic parameters from pre- to post-lockdown were compared across 3 groups according to the type of visit that they had during lockdown (April to July 2020): "no visit" (n = 215), "in-person" visit (n = 44), or "virtual" visit (n = 125). The virtual visits in our institution followed a simplified protocol that utilized technological tools readily available to most PWD and clinicians. RESULTS PWD who attended "virtual" visits during lockdown were the youngest and most likely to have type 1 diabetes; followed by those who attended "in-person" visits and those who had "no visit". A significant reduction in A1C from pre- to post-lockdown periods was noted in PWD who attended a "virtual visit" (9.02 to 8.27%, respectively, p < 0.01) and those who attended an "in-person" visit (9.18 to 8.43%, respectively, p < 0.05) but not in those who had "no visit" (8.75 to 8.57%, p > 0.05). No significant changes were noted in serum glucose, blood pressure, or lipid parameters during the lockdown in any of the groups. CONCLUSION Simplified telemedicine visits, including real-time audio calls, were as effective as in-person visits in improving glycemic control in PWD during the lockdown period in a country where telemedicine infrastructure was not well-established. Older adults and those with type 2 diabetes were less likely to utilize telemedicine; suggesting a potential risk of digital divide that warrants greater attention in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Al-Sofiani
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rawan K AlMesned
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwah S Bafadel
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alguwaihes
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A Alfadda
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alsaedi JA, Alfadhly AF. Evaluation of glycemic control among Type 2 diabetic patients in the first visit after COVID-19 lockdown, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5930-5933. [PMID: 36618131 PMCID: PMC9810912 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_192_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic causes significant morbidities and mortalities. Lockdown is applied worldwide to counteract the spread of the disease. These circumstances limit diabetic patients from hospital visits and follow-ups. Objectives To evaluate glycemic control for type 2 diabetic patients in the first visit after COVID-19 lockdown and to study the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif city, Western Saudi Arabia. It included type 2 diabetic patients of both genders aged over 20 years that were assigned to follow-up in the diabetic center. Data were collected from patients' medical records using a simple random technique. It included patients` gender, age group, body mass index, and three glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) readings for each year (2018-2019) and one HbA1C reading upon the first visit after COVID-19 lockdown. HbA1c level was treated as a continuous variable. Results The study included 420 diabetic patients. Females represented 51% of them, and more than a third (39.8%) were aged 60 years and over. The majority of them were either overweight (29.3%) or obese (61.2%). There was an increase in the overall level of HbA1c after curfew (8.72 ± 1.73) than before it (8.58 ± 1.72). However, the difference did not reach a statistically significant level, P = 0.056. Among females, the level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was statistically and significantly higher after curfew than before it (8.71 ± 1.82 vs. 8.43 ± 1.71), P = 0.005. Also, among obese subjects, the level of hemoglobin A1c was statistically and significantly higher after curfew than before it (8.55 ± 1.74 vs. 8.34 ± 1.63), P = 0.034. Conclusion There was a relative increase in the level of HbA1c after the lockdown during COVID-19, indicating poorer glycemic control; this impact was more obvious among female and obese type 2 diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumanah A. Alsaedi
- Department of Family Medicine, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz F. Alfadhly
- Consultant Family Medicine/Diabetologist, Diabetic Center, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lashkarbolouk N, Mazandarani M, Pourghazi F, Eslami M, Khonsari NM, Ghonbalani ZN, Ejtahed HS, Qorbani M. How did lockdown and social distancing policies change the eating habits of diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1002665. [PMID: 36211913 PMCID: PMC9540372 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background After the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments established national lockdowns and social distancing as an effective plan to control this disease. As a result of the lockdown policies, diabetic patients` access to food products, medication, and routine follow-ups is disrupted, making it difficult for them to control their disease. Methods International databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched until April 2022. All observational studies included assessing the impact of lockdown and social distancing on eating habits (as primary outcome), and glycemic and anthropometric indices (as secondary outcomes) of diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale was used to assess the quality rating of the studies. Results Overall, 22 studies were included in this systematic review, the results of which varied in different communities. In most studies, consumption of grains, fruits, and vegetables was reported to increase. On the other hand, consumption of snacks and sweets was reported to increase in other surveys. During the COVID-19 lockdown, most diabetic patients preferred to cook meals at home, using less takeout, fast foods, and alcoholic drinks. Although the patients mostly improved their eating habits, the glycemic and anthropometric indices were contradictory in different studies. Studies showed that the eating habits of diabetic patients vary from country to country, even in some cases and studies done in the same country showed different results. For example, all the studies done in Japan showed an increase in the consumption of snacks and sweets, leading to weight gain in the patients. However, conflicting results in eating habits have been observed in studies conducted in India. Conclusion The lockdown policies have led to a beneficial change in the eating habits of diabetic patients to consume more fruits and vegetables and reduce the consumption of animal protein products and alcoholic beverages. While some diabetic patients have increased consumption of snacks and sweets, leading to a disturbance in their glycemic and anthropometric indices control. Understanding the consequences of lockdown and social distancing of the diabetic patient during the COVID-19 pandemic can help public health authorities make better recommendations to improve glycemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Lashkarbolouk
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mazandarani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Pourghazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maysa Eslami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Nouri Ghonbalani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abidi A, Demiraj F, Berdichevskiy G, Gupta K, Epstein D, Kurian S, Aranyos A, Gerstenfeld A, Assadi N, Penales CH. The Effects of COVID-19 on Physicians’ Perceived Ability to Provide Care for Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2022; 14:e29135. [PMID: 36258937 PMCID: PMC9560814 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presents multiple, diverse challenges to providing appropriate medical care, especially in terms of medication and treatment adherence for chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these barriers by potentially forcing physicians to modify their treatment plans due to limitations on in-person visits and changes to patients' financial and social support systems. It remains uncertain whether physicians believe they can provide the same standard of care using telehealth technology or other means to their patients during the pandemic. The goal of this study was to explore physician perceptions about their ability to provide care to patients with T2DM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology This cross-sectional study collected data between January 25, 2021, and February 2, 2021, using an anonymous, self-administered online survey involving DO and MD physicians including residents treating patients with T2DM. The survey was administered via REDCap and collected data on participant demographics, attitudes, perceptions, knowledge, and prior and current (COVID-19-era) experience with care for T2DM patients. Physicians registered with the Florida Department of Health with publicly available emails were invited to participate. Results The survey showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, 57.9% of physicians (n=48) believed that their patients have a weaker social support system; 68.7% (n=57) modified their patient care plans due to patients' financial difficulties; 78.4% (n=65) believed a regular physical exam is necessary to properly treat patients; 48.2% (n=40) did not believe they had a more complete picture of the case with remote consultations; 47.0% (n=39) were not as satisfied with remote consultations as with face-to-face patient visits; 68.7% (n=57) believed telehealth is necessary to adequately treat patients; 38.5% (n=32) have been less likely to refer their patients to other providers or specialists; 45.8% (n=38) reported concerns over admitting their patients to the hospital for acute medical care; 61.5% (n=51) reported having more patients delay scheduling their routine follow-up care; 61.5% (n=51) believed their patients have been less compliant with the healthcare plans recommended to them. Conclusions The study showed that COVID-19 has significantly impacted physicians’ perceptions and abilities to provide care for patients with T2DM. COVID-19 has negatively impacted several crucial aspects of diabetes management, including consistent in-person examinations, social support, and referral to other required services, which could result in long-term consequences for these patients. Furthermore, our study suggests that physicians may not be as satisfied with the care they are able to provide via remote consultations as they are with in-person visits, which has significant implications as we move toward a more telehealth-driven healthcare delivery system.
Collapse
|
43
|
Anxiety, Distress and Stress among Patients with Diabetes during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091412. [PMID: 36143195 PMCID: PMC9506161 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes, are a particularly vulnerable risk group. This study aims to assess the levels and prevalence of anxiety, distress, and stress in patients with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane, LILACS, Medline, SciELO, and Scopus in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Thirty-seven articles with a total of 13,932 diabetic patients were included. Five meta-analyses were performed. The prevalence of anxiety was 23% (95% CI = 19–28) in T1DM and 20% (95% CI = 6–40) in T2DM patients. For diabetes distress it was 41% (95% CI = 24–60) for T1DM and 36% in T2DM patients (95% CI = 2–84). For stress, the prevalence was 79% (95% CI = 49–98) in T1DM patients. People with diabetes have significant psychiatric comorbidity as well as psychological factors that negatively affect disease management, increasing their vulnerability in an emergency situation. To establish comprehensive care in diabetic patients addressing mental health is essential, as well as including specific policy interventions to reduce the potential psychological harm of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
|
44
|
Olesen K, Joensen LE, Madsen KP, Willaing I. How has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Diabetes Self-Management in People With Diabetes? - A One-Year Follow-Up Study. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:867025. [PMID: 36992738 PMCID: PMC10012120 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.867025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In Denmark, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in two lockdowns, one from March to May 2020 and another from December 2020 to April 2021, which had severe impact on everyday life. The aim of this study was to explore changes in diabetes self-management behaviors during the pandemic and to examine how specific population characteristics were associated with changes in diabetes management. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS In a cohort study from March 2020 to April 2021, two online questionnaires were collected from a total of 760 people with diabetes. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the proportion of participants experiencing improvements, deterioration, and status quo in diabetes self-management during the pandemic. Using logistic regressions, baseline characteristics were explored as potential predictors of change. RESULTS Approximately half of the participants reported that they experienced lower physical activity in April 2021 compared to before the pandemic, approximately one fifth reported diabetes self-management to be more difficult than prior to the pandemic, and one fifth reported eating more unhealthily than before the pandemic. Some participants reported higher frequency of high blood glucose levels (28%), low blood glucose levels (13%) and more frequent blood glucose variability (33%) compared to before. Easier diabetes self-management was reported by relatively few participants, however, 15% reported eating more healthily, and 20% reported being more physically active. We were largely unable to identify predictors of change in exercise activities. The few baseline characteristics identified as predictors of difficulties in diabetes self-management and adverse blood glucose levels due to the pandemic were sub-optimal psychological health, including high diabetes distress levels. CONCLUSION Findings indicate that many people with diabetes changed diabetes self-management behaviors during the pandemic, mostly in a negative direction. Particularly high diabetes distress levels in the beginning of the pandemic was a predictor of both positive and negative change in diabetes self-management, indicating that people with high diabetes distress levels could potentially benefit from increased support in diabetes care during a period of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Olesen
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lene Eide Joensen
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Panduro Madsen
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Willaing
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nouhjah S, Shahbazian H, Ghodrati N. Changes in self-care behaviors of Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes using insulin pens during COVID-19 pandemic. OBESITY MEDICINE 2022; 33:100418. [PMID: 35664969 PMCID: PMC9142209 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2022.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aims The COVID-19 pandemic as a serious public health concern has been accompanied with changes and restrictions in everyday life. This can affect directly or indirectly health behaviors and disease management, particularly in developing countries with low resources. This study aimed to compare self-care behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes using insulin pens before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a prospective cohort study involving 300 patients with type 2 diabetes who had been referred to a referral tertiary care diabetes clinic during 2018–2019. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Assessment (SDSCA) questionnaire was used for the evaluation of 5 self-care activities. Results The mean total self-care score before and one year after the onset of the COVID-19 crisis was 37.63 (SD, 10.89) and 26.14 (SD, 10.99), respectively. Before the COVID-19 crisis, 27%, 54.3%, and 18.7% of patients had poor, moderate, and good self-care, respectively. One year after the onset of the epidemic, however, these rates were 66.3%, 29%, and 4.7%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of 5 indices of self-care behaviors before and after the COVID-19 crisis (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our findings suggest the deterioration of self-care behaviors amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in an Iranian population. Continuous follow-up of patients with diabetes and the design of effective educational programs for these patient can prevent or delay the long-term consequences of diabetes, especially in the context of the COVID-19 crisis.
Collapse
|
46
|
THE EFFECT OF ANXIETY LEVELS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS ON THEIR TREATMENT ADHERENCE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH AND POLICY 2022. [DOI: 10.33457/ijhsrp.1115603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the anxiety levels of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients on their treatment adherence in the COVID-19 pandemic period. The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of 313 DM patients who presented to the internal medicine outpatient clinic between 01.01.2021 and 01.02.2021. The data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman’s correlation test were used to analyze the data. The mean CAS score of the DM patients was 7.89±3.87, while their mean total MMAS-8 score was 4.06±1.56. It was determined that the patients who were using oral antidiabetic medications, those adhering to their medication and diet treatment, and those who were not COVID-19 had higher levels of anxiety. There was a negative significant relationship between the MMAS-8 and CAS scores of the patients (p
Collapse
|
47
|
Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159169. [PMID: 35954538 PMCID: PMC9367830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative data show that physical activity (PA) reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, with differential impacts across demographic groups. Qualitative research is limited; thus, this study aimed to understand barriers and facilitators to PA during the pandemic, focusing on groups more likely to have been affected by restrictions, and to map these onto the capability, opportunity, motivation model of behaviour (COM-B). One-to-one interviews were conducted with younger (aged 18–24) and older adults (aged 70+), those with long-term physical or mental health conditions, and parents of young children. Themes were identified using reflexive thematic analysis and were mapped onto COM-B domains. A total of 116 participants contributed (aged 18–93, 61% female, 71% White British). Key themes were the importance of the outdoor environment, impact of COVID-19 restrictions, fear of contracting COVID-19, and level of engagement with home exercise. Caring responsibilities and conflicting priorities were a barrier. PA as a method of socialising, establishing new routines, and the importance of PA for protecting mental health were motivators. Most themes mapped onto the physical opportunity (environmental factors) and reflective motivation (evaluations/plans) COM-B domains. Future interventions should target these domains during pandemics (e.g., adapting PA guidance depending on location and giving education on the health benefits of PA).
Collapse
|
48
|
Al-Daghri NM, Almiman AA, Wani K, Khattak MNK, Aljohani NJ, Alfawaz H, Al-Hameidi A, Aldisi D, Alkhaldi G, Sabico S. COVID-19 Lockdown and Lifestyle Changes in Saudi Adults With Types 1 and 2 Diabetes. Front Public Health 2022; 10:912816. [PMID: 35875025 PMCID: PMC9304975 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.912816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to evaluate and compare the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle changes and other common related effects of the lockdown in Saudi adults with diabetes mellitus (DM), both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods 265 T1D and 285 T2D individuals were included in this cross-sectional survey during lockdown using an online questionnaire and compared with 297 participants without DM. Variables included demographics, treatment changes, use of supplements, change in sleeping habits and physical activity, dietary changes, social and mental health, and education and awareness during COVID-19 lockdown. Results The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with more treatment doses in people with T1D but not in those with T2D (p = 0.003). More participants with T1D and T2D than the control group reported that they felt symptoms of depression during lockdown (ORs of 1.83, p = 0.008 and 2.2, p = 0.001, respectively) and that lockdown affected them psychologically (ORs of 1.64, p = 0.019 and 1.85, p = 0.005, respectively). More participants with T1D than controls reported that their physical activity decreased during lockdown (OR of 2.70, p = 0.024). Furthermore, significantly lesser participants in both DM groups than controls agreed that the health education regarding COVID-19 covered everything (ORs of 0.41, p < 0.001 and 0.56, p < 0.001, respectively for T1D and T2D groups). Regarding dietary habits, the DM groups reported more changes in either the number of daily meals, meal content, or mealtimes than the control group. Conclusions COVID-19 lockdown-associated lifestyle changes were more prevalent in individuals with T1D and T2D compared to control. Findings may assist public health authorities in outlining their responses in pandemics and promote healthy lifestyle adaptations in this high-risk cohort to limit adverse effects in future lockdowns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Nasser M. Al-Daghri
| | - Abeer A. Almiman
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak N. K. Khattak
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naji J. Aljohani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alfawaz
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dara Aldisi
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadah Alkhaldi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Marcos-Pardo PJ, Abelleira-Lamela T, González-Gálvez N, Esparza-Ros F, Espeso-García A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on health parameters and muscle strength of older women: A longitudinal study. Exp Gerontol 2022; 164:111814. [PMID: 35490791 PMCID: PMC9046097 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJETIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 13-week COVID-19 lockdown on health-related parameters in women aged 60-70 years. STUDY DESIGN Thirty women participated in this longitudinal study. All the assessments were performed before and 13 weeks after the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain (March to June 2020). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A sociodemographic questionnaire was provided, and tests were performed to assess muscle strength, anthropometric measurements, densitometry, blood pressure, blood parameters, Mediterranean diet adherence, and physical activity levels. RESULTS After the lockdown, both healthy and unhealthy lifestyle groups showed a significant worsening of HDL, cholesterol/HDL lipids, and isometric knee extension strength parameters. However, individuals with an unhealthy lifestyle also showed a significant worsening in LDL lipids, Non-HDL lipids, bone mineral density of the femoral neck, fat mass/height (%), truncal fat mass (absolute and percentage), total fat mass (absolute and percentage) and handgrip strength. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the overall health status of Spanish older women, potentially increasing their susceptibility to comorbidities, such as lipid cholesterol, body fat, and decreased muscle strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 La Cañada, Almería 04120, Spain,CERNEP Research Centre, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 La Cañada, Almería 04120, Spain,Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Tomás Abelleira-Lamela
- Group for the Prevention of Injuries in Sport (PRELEDE), Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Noelia González-Gálvez
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, Madrid 28040, Spain,Group for the Prevention of Injuries in Sport (PRELEDE), Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain,Corresponding author at: Faculty of Sport Science, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Esparza-Ros
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, Madrid 28040, Spain,Group for the Prevention of Injuries in Sport (PRELEDE), Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain,International Chair of Kinanthropometry, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia 30180, Spain
| | - Alejandro Espeso-García
- Group for the Prevention of Injuries in Sport (PRELEDE), Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, Madrid 28040, Spain,Group for the Prevention of Injuries in Sport (PRELEDE), Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Avda. Guadalupe, s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain,International Chair of Kinanthropometry, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia 30180, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cuevas Fernández FJ, Gutiérrez Galeote JC, García Marrero MR, Iglesias Girón MJ, Cabrera de León A, Aguirre-Jaime A. [Impact of the alteration of the continuity of care in diabetes type 2 patients during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Semergen 2022; 48:308-315. [PMID: 35537930 PMCID: PMC8938175 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the impact of the alteration of the continuity of care in patients with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHOD Follow-up study with 587 primary care patients with DM2, and control according to the redGDPS-2018 criteria in 2018 and 2020. Activities carried out and control status of patients were compared using statistical tests appropriate to type and distribution of each variable, for a significance level P≤.05. RESULTS Sample was made up of 587 patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) in 2018 (54% men), age of 66±11, in range of 29-91 years. All the care indicators decreased in 2020: A1c was determined in 68% of patients (382/558 after 29 deaths); 59% remained with good control, 17% with poor control, 10% improved and 14% worsened (P<.001). Those who had ECG and retinography performed in 2018 and not in 2020 show a lower degree of worsening than those who did not have them done in 2018 but they did in 2020 (16% vs 25%, P<.001 and 13% vs 42%, P=.002). Those who decrease their visits to family doctor and nurse show less deterioration than those who increase them (14% vs 26%; P<.001 and 17% vs 23%; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Inattention impeded control of 32% of the patients. Poor control in 2020 was lower in those who were controlled in 2018, and who decreased their attendance at the health center in 2020. Possibly adequate pre-pandemic training in self-care has led to the empowerment of the patient during a pandemic period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F J Cuevas Fernández
- Centro de Salud de Barranco Grande, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España; Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
| | | | - M R García Marrero
- Centro de Salud de Barranco Grande, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
| | | | - A Cabrera de León
- Área de Medina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España; Unidad de Investigación de la Gerencia de AP, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España.
| | - A Aguirre-Jaime
- Servicio de Investigación en Cuidados del Colegio de Enfermer@s de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España
| |
Collapse
|