1
|
Bouhadi M, Abchir O, Yamari I, El Hamsas El Youbi A, Azgaoui A, Chtita S, El Hajjouji H, El Kouali M, Talbi M, Fougrach H. Genotoxic effects and mitosis aberrations of chromium (VI) on root cells of Vicia faba and its molecular docking analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108361. [PMID: 38237423 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Like other heavy metals, Cr (VI) is a powerful carcinogen and mutagen agent. Its toxic effects on plants are well considered. In order to elucidate its adverse effects, the present work aims to study the mitosis aberrations of Cr (VI) on the Vicia faba root-cells and its molecular docking analysis to understand the genotoxicity mechanisms. In-vivo, Vicia faba plants were exposed to 50 and 100 μM Cr (VI) for 48 h. In-silico, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used to study the interactions between dichromate and tubulin tyrosine ligase T2R-TTL (PDBID: 5XIW) with reference to Colchicine (microtubule inhibitor). According to our results, Cr (VI) affects growth and cell division and also induces many mitosis aberrations such as chromosome sticking, anaphase/telophase bridges, lagging chromosomes and fragmentation during all phases of mitosis. On the one hand, Cr (VI) reduces mitotic index and promotes micronuclei induction. The in-silico results showed that dichromate establishes very strong bonds at the binding site of the tubulin tyrosine ligase T2R-TTL, with a binding affinity of -5.17 Kcal/Mol and an inhibition constant of 163.59 μM. These interactions are similar to those of colchicine with this protein, so dichromate could be a very potent inhibitor of this protein's activity. TTL plays a fundamental role in the tyrosination/detyrosination of tubulin, which is crucial to the regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Its inhibition leads to the appearance of many morphogenic abnormalities such as mitosis aberrations. In conclusion, our data confirm the highest genotoxicity effects of Cr (VI) on Vicia faba root-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bouhadi
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco; Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Oussama Abchir
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane Yamari
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amal El Hamsas El Youbi
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Anas Azgaoui
- Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Chtita
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houda El Hajjouji
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M'hammed El Kouali
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Talbi
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hassan Fougrach
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohammed JS, Mustapha Y, Him MA, Danladi ZN. Assessment of Cytogenotoxicity of Plastic Industrial Effluent Using Allium cepa Root Tip Cells. Int J Cell Biol 2023; 2023:5161017. [PMID: 37881210 PMCID: PMC10597712 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5161017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of plastic effluent in Kano Metropolis on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were examined using a test on Allium cepa root cells. The physicochemical characteristics of industrial wastewater were assessed, and the results showed values that were higher than the required criteria; this implies that the effluent was not treated before to disposal. For 96 hours, a group of 40 onion bulbs was cultivated in various concentrations of plastic effluent: 15, 30, 45, and 60% (v/v). The control was made up of distilled water. Following 96 hours, the four treated root tips from each replication's bulbs were harvested and subjected to the acetoorcein squash technique for cytogenetic analysis. High concentrations of the industrial effluents had severe development retarding effects on the root tips. Root growth was inhibited with EC50 values of 48% after treatment with the effluents in comparison to control. When Allium cepa was exposed to different quantities of plastic effluent, the results of an analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the mean root length varied, and this variation was statistically significant (p < 0.05). With rising effluent concentrations, the mitotic index (M.I.) rapidly dropped. Chromosomal abnormalities were caused by the plastic effluent in the root cells of Allium cepa, especially sticky chromosome and binucleated cells being the most frequently seen at lower concentrations of 15%. It was discovered that the compounds found in plastic wastewater could injure live beings as well as harm the environment if not treated. Legal mechanisms must be used to push businesses and manufacturers to switch to environmentally friendly technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yahaya Mustapha
- Department of Plant Biology, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Zandam Nuhu Danladi
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Jigawa State Polytechnic, Dutse, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kauser H, Saumya S, Haq I, Khwairakpam M. Biological treatment of Climbing Hempweed biomass through optimized composting technologies - Toxicity assessment and morphological study of Abelmoschus esculentus. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115631. [PMID: 35816964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climbing Hempweed (CH) is one of the top ten most obnoxious weeds on the planet, as well as one of the most destructive weeds. Its disastrous spread on the agricultural field has hampered the production of a wide range of crops. Various management techniques have been used to eradicate the weed, but none have been completely successful. As a result, management through the use of weed biomass will aid in the eradication of the weed as well as the production of a value-added product. To utilize invasive weed CH for the production of rotary drum compost (R1) and rotary drum followed by vermicompost (V1), two composting technologies were used. These technologies are being compared on several physicochemical parameters to determine their efficacy. V1 compost had the highest total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) (3.01%), potassium (3.45%), and total phosphorus (16.42 g/kg) levels, while R1 compost had 2.58% TKN, 2.8% potassium, and 14.25 g/kg total phosphorus. Subsequently, the increasing trends in mitotic index (%) of R1 and V1 samples imply that the cytotoxic effects of CH were decreased due to composting and vermicomposting processes. Genotoxicity assessment revealed that an aberration percentage of 1.64 was observed in 100% concentration of V1 (after 30 days) and 4.34% in R1(after 20 days). R1 and V1 were used to evaluate the performance of Abelmoschus esculentus where the highest fruit harvest was seen at 25% amended R1 compost and 35% amended V1 compost. The application of 25-35% R1 compost and 35-40% V1 compost was found to be the most beneficial for the development of Abelmoschus esculentus. There was no significant difference in heavy metal (Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Zn) content in the fruit of Abelmoschus esculentus post-application of R1 and V1 compost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heena Kauser
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Shuchi Saumya
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Izharul Haq
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Meena Khwairakpam
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The implementation of natural parks in cities is a current and controversial theme. Therefore, in Lake Buritis, which is a leisure area for the population of the city of Goiatuba, Goiás, Brazil, the quality of the water was analyzed, carrying out quantitative tests of the water samples at six different points between the source and the outlet of the lake that flows into the stream, Chico À Toa. Physical–chemical tests (turbidity, pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, color, nitrate and hardness parameters), microbiological tests for species identification, analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, metals analysis and Allium cepa test, were performed. The total coliforms number in water samples was higher than the maximum value established by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating high fecal contamination during the spring in samples from an artesian well. The bacterial diversity found was large and there were many pathogenic bacteria. The A. cepa test demonstrated a cytotoxic potential for water from the source and outlet of Buritis Lake. Statistical tests were applied to verify existing correlations between parameters. Among the analyzed data, the highest correlation was between the color and turbidity parameters and the grouping between the metals (lead, iron, cadmium and magnesium).
Collapse
|
5
|
Antifungal, phyto, cyto, genotoxic and lipophilic properties of three complexes of sulfadimethoxine (HSDM) with Ag(I). Synthesis and characterization of [Ag3SDM(SCN)2]·H2O and [Ag2(SDM)2o-phenanthroline]·H2O. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
6
|
Perotti R, Paisio CE, Agostini E, Fernandez MI, González PS. CR(VI) phytoremediation by hairy roots of Brassica napus: assessing efficiency, mechanisms involved, and post-removal toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:9465-9474. [PMID: 31919819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Industrial activities such as leather tanning involve the use of highly toxic inorganic pollutants, like Chromium (Cr). This work evaluated Cr(VI) remediation by hairy roots (HR) of Brassica napus, paying close attention to the mechanisms involved and the toxicity of post-removal solutions. Results showed that these roots were capable of tolerating concentrations of up to 10 mg L-1 Cr(VI), while higher concentrations were toxic for HR development. Removal efficiency was assessed through the use of synthetic solutions containing different initial Cr(VI) concentrations (2, 5, or 10 mg L-1). Regardless of these initial concentrations, the highest removal efficiency values were between 80 and 90% after 24 and 48 h of treatment, using a 2.0 g inoculum. The mechanisms involved were Cr accumulation (60%) and to a lesser extent, adsorption to the root biomass (30%). A fraction of Cr(VI) was intracellularly reduced to Cr(III), which suggests reductases may have played a role. Additionally, post-removal toxicity was evaluated through two bioassays (Lactuca sativa L. and AMPHITOX test) after the removal of 10 mg L-1 Cr(VI). The treated solutions showed moderate phytotoxicity for L. sativa L. and no toxicity for R arenarum. The ability of HR to remove 10 mg L-1 Cr(VI) from real tannery effluents collected from a regional industry (Córdoba province, Argentina) was also determined. The high removal efficiency observed (98%) demonstrates this system can be successful in treating complex wastewaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Perotti
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP 5800, Río Cuarto, Cba, Argentina
| | - Cintia Elizabeth Paisio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP 5800, Río Cuarto, Cba, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP 5800, Río Cuarto, Cba, Argentina
| | - María Inés Fernandez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP 5800, Río Cuarto, Cba, Argentina
| | - Paola Solange González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP 5800, Río Cuarto, Cba, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fiket Ž, Medunić G, Vidaković-Cifrek Ž, Jezidžić P, Cvjetko P. Effect of coal mining activities and related industry on composition, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of surrounding soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:6613-6627. [PMID: 31875293 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining and related industries each leave their characteristic "metal fingerprint" in the surrounding soils. Although geochemical investigations of such soils most often indicate heavy contamination with certain metals and bioassays point to their cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, the majority of studies are based on only one of the mentioned approaches. Here, the presented study investigated the effect of coal mining activities and related industry on surrounding soils by means of both geochemical and biological tools. The multielement composition of soils and associated eluates were used for the assessment of soil contamination level and the element bioavailable fractions, respectively. For cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation, shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) roots were exposed to selected soil eluates. Root growth, frequency of mitosis, mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities in root meristem cells, level of lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage evaluated by a comet assay were scored as toxicity endpoints. The results point to significant differences in the composition of collected soils and a variety of factors that contribute not only to their total metal load but also to the observed cytotoxic and genotoxic effects; all of which emphasize the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on the environment, especially in historical mining areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Željka Fiket
- Divison for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Gordana Medunić
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Vidaković-Cifrek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Jezidžić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Cvjetko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Azhar M, Farooq AD, Haque S, Bano S, Zaheer L, Faizi S. Cytotoxic and genotoxic action of Tagetes patula flower methanol extract and patuletin using the Allium test. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:326-339. [PMID: 31772498 PMCID: PMC6874860 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tagetes patula is used to treat cancer patients in alternative healthcare systems. However, its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects have not been reported. Therefore, themethanol extract of T. patula flower, the ethyl acetate fraction, and the pure compound patuletin were evaluatedusing the Allium test.The methanol extract and fraction contained ~3% and ~36% patuletin, respectively, with ~98% purity. The methanol extract caused inhibition of Allium root growth displaying an IC50 value of ~500 µg/mL, while the fraction and patuletin were more potent by ~2 and ~5 times, respectively. The Allium root tips demonstrated a decline in prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase stages with concomitant decrease in percent mitotic index in the methanol extract (~5.64), fraction, and patuletin (~4) as compared to the control (~7.61). However, in only methanol extract-treated root tips, an increase in metaphase stage was noted. In addition, the methanol extract predominantly induced c-type, misaligned, and multipolar chromosomal abnormalities while the fraction and patuletin displayed fragments and sticky chromosomes. The fraction and patuletin also produced micronuclei (~2%). In conclusion, T. patula flower methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction are cytotoxicand genotoxic, which most likely could be due to the patuletin. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to justify its clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Azhar
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan.,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Toxicology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Ahsana Dar Farooq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Toxicology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan.,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan.,Hamdard Al-Majeed College of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Eastern Medicine, Hamdard University, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Sayedul Haque
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan.,Department of Animal Sciences, Human Genetics Program, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Samina Bano
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Lubna Zaheer
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Faizi
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sivaram AK, Logeshwaran P, Lockington R, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Phytoremediation efficacy assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soils using garden pea (Pisum sativum) and earthworms (Eisenia fetida). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:227-235. [PMID: 31078879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endpoint assessment using biological systems in combination with the chemical analysis is important for evaluating the residual effect of contaminants following remediation. In this study, the level of residual toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) after 120 days of phytoremediation with five different plant species:- maize (Zea mays), Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense), vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and wallaby grass (Austrodanthonia sp.) has been evaluated by ecotoxicological tests such as root nodulation and leghaemoglobin assay using garden pea (Pisum sativum) and acute, chronic and genotoxicity assays using earthworm (Eisenia fetida). The phytoremediated soil exhibited lesser toxicity supporting improved root nodulation and leghaemoglobin content in P. sativum and reducing DNA damage in E. fetida when compared to contaminated soil before remediation. Also, the results of the ecotoxicological assays with the legume and earthworm performed in this study complemented the results obtained by the chemical analysis of PAHs in phytoremediated soil. Therefore, these findings provide a basis for a framework in which remediation efficacy of PAHs-contaminated sites can be evaluated effectively with simple ecotoxicological bioassays using legumes and earthworms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anithadevi Kenday Sivaram
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, Advanced Technology Centre, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Panneerselvan Logeshwaran
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, Advanced Technology Centre, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Robin Lockington
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, Advanced Technology Centre, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, Advanced Technology Centre, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, Advanced Technology Centre, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW, 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Montalvão MF, Sampaio LLG, Gomes HHF, Malafaia G. An insight into the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of smoked cigarette butt leachate by using Allium cepa as test system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:2013-2021. [PMID: 30460649 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Smoked cigarette butt (SCB) discharged in the environment became an issue of unknown consequences for plants. Thus, we aim at assessing the impact of water containing SBC leachate on the meristem cells of Allium cepa roots. We defined the following experimental groups: negative control (water), positive control (cyclophosphamide); water with SCB leachate at environmental concentration (1.9 μg/L of nicotine) (EC1× group) and water with SCB leachate concentration 1000 times higher than EC1 (EC1000× group). Mitotic index, total number of abnormal cells, index of abnormal cells per mitotic/phase, relative growth index, and inhibition index were calculated after 48 exposure hours. Root meristems were used to prepare slides in order to investigate chromosomal and nuclear abnormalities. According to our data, plants exposed to SCB leachate presented low relative growth index, high inhibition index, large number of abnormal cells, and high abnormality frequency at metaphase/anaphase. The exposed A. cepa recorded a wide variety of abnormalities such as diagonal metaphase/anaphase, metaphase/anaphase presenting chromosome fragments, binucleated cells, displaced nucleus, chromosome bridges, micronuclei, necrotic cells, stick metaphase, chromosome adherence, notched nucleus, among other cell disturbances. The chemicals in the SBC leachate had aneugenic and clastogenic effect on the genetic material of the tested plants, either when they acted individually, synergistically, or additively. Thus, our study is a pioneer in reporting that the mere disposal of cigarette butts in the environment can have cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects on plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation - Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution, Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2,5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorrana Lucas Gomes Sampaio
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2,5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Huan Henrique Ferreira Gomes
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation - Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution, Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation - Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution, Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2,5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
- Post-graduation Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Olusola OI, Solomon NU. Genotoxicity assessment of three industrial effluents using the Allium cepa bioassay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5897/ajest2017.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
12
|
Synthesis, characterization and biological studies of a cobalt(III) complex of sulfathiazole. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:152-161. [PMID: 28987326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of old and new antibiotic resistance created in the last decades revealed a substantial medical need for new classes of antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of sulfa drugs is often enhanced by complexation with metal ions, which is in concordance with the well-known importance of metal ions in biological systems. Besides, sulfonamides and its derivatives constitute an important class of drugs, with several types of pharmacological agents possessing antibacterial, anti-carbonic anhydrase, diuretic, hypoglycemic, antithyroid, antiviral and anticancer activities, among others. The purpose of this work has been the obtainment, characterization and determination of biological properties (antibacterial, antifungal, mutagenicity and phytotoxicity) of a new Co(III)-sulfathiazole complex: Costz, besides of its interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The reaction between sodium sulfathiazole (Nastz) and cobalt(II) chloride in the presence of H2O2 leads to a brown solid, [CoIII(stz)2OH(H2O)3], (Costz). The structure of this compound has been examined by means of elemental analyses, FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Visible spectrometric methods and thermal studies. The Co(III) ion, which exhibits a distorted octahedral environment, could coordinate with the N thiazolic atom of sulfathiazolate. The complex quenched partially the native fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA), suggesting a specific interaction with the protein. The Costz complex showed, in vitro, a moderate antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and A. flavus. As antibacterial, Costz displayed, in vitro, enhanced activity respective to the ligand against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Costz did not show mutagenic properties with the Ames test. In the Allium cepa test the complex showed cytotoxic properties but not genotoxic ones. These results may be auspicious, however, further biological studies are needed to consider the complex Costz as a possible drug in the future.
Collapse
|
13
|
Anacleto LR, Roberto MM, Marin-Morales MA. Toxicological effects of the waste of the sugarcane industry, used as agricultural fertilizer, on the test system Allium cepa. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:31-42. [PMID: 28104478 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is cultivated in tropical countries for sugar and ethanol production. In Brazil, this culture is among the most profitable with a production of 658.7 million tons/harvest. Sugarcane filter cake (SCFC) is a waste rich in organic matter and micronutrients, but also contains toxic metals. As it has been used as fertilizer and there is not enough knowledge about its environmental impacts, this work assessed the genotoxicogenetic effects of raw SCFC and associations with soil and sugarcane bagasse (SCB), by Allium cepa tests. Six associations of SCFC + soil and five associations of SCFC + soil + SCB were tested at three moments of degradation: initial (T0), 3 and 6 months (T1 and T2). Genotoxicogenetic assays were performed with solid substrates of these associations and with their respective aqueous extracts. Chemical analysis showed a decrease in metals, total organic carbon and nitrogen after 6 months of biodegradation, complying with Brazilian laws. In general, the combination of SCFC + soil + SCB was better than using only SCFC. T0 solubilized samples of different associations composed by highest quantities of SCFC inhibited the MI and induced CA without presenting mutagenicity (except for 75%-SCFC + soil + SCB). T1 samples showed more cytotoxicity than T0 samples, and also presented genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Solid substrate and solubilized associations of SCFC + soil + SCB of T2 samples had no toxicity. These results suggest 6 months of biodegradation and the SCB adding as effective to reduce toxicogenetic effects induced by SCFC. Also, small proportions of SCFC interfered less on the A. cepa test-system when compared with those containing high quantities of residue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ramos Anacleto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mantuanelli Roberto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto (UNIARARAS), Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Iqbal M. Vicia faba bioassay for environmental toxicity monitoring: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:785-802. [PMID: 26414739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are recognized as excellent genetic models to detect cytogenetic and mutagenic agents and are frequently used in environmental monitoring studies. Vicia faba (V. faba) bioassay have been used to study DNA damages i.e., chromosomal and nuclear aberrations induced by metallic compounds, pesticides, complex mixtures, petroleum derivates, toxins, nanoparticles and industrial effluents. The main advantages of using V. faba is its availability round the year, economical to use, easy to grow and handle; its use does not require sterile conditions, rate of cell division is fast, chromosomes are easy to score, less expensive and more sensitive as compared to other short-term tests that require pre-preparations. The V. faba test offers evaluation of different endpoints and tested agents can be classified as cytotoxic/genotoxic/mutagenic. This test also provides understanding about mechanism of action, whether the tested agent is clastogenic or aneugenic in nature. In view of advantages offered by V. faba test system, it is used extensively to assess toxic agents and has been emerged as an important bioassay for ecotoxicological studies. Based on the applications of V. faba test to assess the environmental quality, this article offers an overview of this test system and its efficiency in assessing the cytogenetic and mutagenic agents in different classes of the environmental concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munawar Iqbal
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zotina T, Medvedeva M, Trofimova E, Alexandrova Y, Dementyev D, Bolsunovsky A. Chromosomal abnormalities in roots of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis as a tool for testing genotoxicity of bottom sediments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:384-391. [PMID: 26342689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Submersed freshwater macrophytes are considered as relevant indicators for use in bulk bottom sediment contact tests. The purpose of this study was to estimate the validity of endpoints of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis for laboratory genotoxicity testing of natural bottom sediments. The inherent level of chromosome abnormalities (on artificial sediments) in roots of E. canadensis under laboratory conditions was lower than the percentage of abnormal cells in bulk sediments from the Yenisei River. The percentage of abnormal cells in roots of E. canadensis was more sensitive to the presence of genotoxic agents in laboratory contact tests than in the natural population of the plant. The spectra of chromosomal abnormalities that occur in roots of E. canadensis under natural conditions in the Yenisei River and in laboratory contact tests on the bulk bottom sediments from the Yenisei River were similar. Hence, chromosome abnormalities in roots of E. canadensis can be used as a relevant and sensitive genotoxicity endpoint in bottom sediment-contact tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Marina Medvedeva
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Yuliyana Alexandrova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zotina TA, Trofimova EA, Medvedeva MY, Dementyev DV, Bolsunovsky AY. Use of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis to assess toxicity and genotoxicity of Yenisei River sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:2310-21. [PMID: 25940213 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of bulk sediments from the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) were estimated in laboratory bioassays based on several endpoints in the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis. The bottom sediment samples were collected in the Yenisei River upstream and downstream of the sources of chemical and radioactive contamination. The testing revealed different sensitivities of Elodea endpoints to the quality of the bottom sediment: weight of shoots < length of shoots < mitotic index < length of roots < percentage of abnormal cells. The response of the genotoxicity endpoint (percentage of cells with chromosome abnormalities in roots of Elodea) was the highest in sediments with chemical pollution, whereas the highest inhibition of toxicity endpoints (shoot and root length) occurred in sediments with the highest level of radioactive pollution. The extreme response of Elodea endpoints to the quality of certain sediment samples may be regarded as related to the possible presence of unknown toxicants. The results show that E. canadensis can be used as an indicator species in laboratory contact testing of bottom sediment. The responses of shoot and root length growth endpoints of Elodea can be recommended as basic sensitivity indicators of bottom sediment toxicity. Analysis of cells carrying abnormal chromosomes in the apical root meristem of Elodea can be performed optionally in the same test to assess the genotoxicity of sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Trofimova
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Marina Yu Medvedeva
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Ya Bolsunovsky
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhat SA, Singh J, Vig AP. Vermistabilization of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L) waste produced from sugar factory using earthworm Eisenia fetida: Genotoxic assessment by Allium cepa test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:11236-11254. [PMID: 25794577 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, sugar beet mud (SBM) and pulp (SBP) produced as a waste by-products of the sugar industry were mixed with cattle dung (CD) at different ratios on dry weight basis for vermicomposting with Eisenia fetida. Minimum mortality and highest population of worms were observed in 20:80 (SBM20) mixture of SBM and 10:90 (SBP10) ratios. However, increased percentages of wastes significantly affected the growth and fecundity of worms. Nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, increased from initial feed mixture to final products (i.e., vermicompost), while organic carbon (OC), C:N ratio and electrical conductivity (EC) declined in all the products of vermicomposting. Although there was an increase in the contents of all the heavy metals except copper, chromium, and iron in SBM, the contents were less than the international standards for compost which indicates that the vermicompost can be used in the fields without any ill effects on the soil. Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay was used to evaluate the genotoxicity of pre- and post-vermicomposted SBM to understand the effect of vermicomposting on the reduction of toxicity. Genotoxicity analysis of post-vermicomposted samples of SBM revealed 18-75% decline in the aberration frequencies. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was recorded to identify the changes in texture in the control and vermicomposted samples. The vermicomposted mixtures in the presence of earthworms confirm more numerous surface irregularities that prove to be good manure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Erturk FA, Agar G, Arslan E, Nardemir G. Analysis of genetic and epigenetic effects of maize seeds in response to heavy metal (Zn) stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:10291-7. [PMID: 25703614 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Conditions of environmental stress are known to lead genetic and epigenetic variability in plants. DNA methylation is one of the important epigenetic mechanisms and plays a critical role in epigenetic control of gene expression. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the alteration of genome methylation induced by zinc stress by using coupled restriction enzyme digestion-random amplification (CRED-RA) technique in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. In addition, to determine the effect of zinc on mitotic activity and phytohormone level, high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mitotic index analysis were utilized. According to the results, mitotic index decreased in all concentrations of zinc except for 5 mM dose and chromosome aberrations such as c-mitosis, stickiness, and anaphase bridges were determined. It was also observed that increasing concentrations of zinc caused an increase in methylation patterns and decrease in gibberellic acid (GA), zeatin (ZA), and indole acetic acid (IAA) levels in contrast to abscisic acid (ABA) level. Especially increasing of ABA levels under zinc stress may be a part of the defense system against heavy metal accumulation in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Aygun Erturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Science, Avrasya University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Medvedeva MY, Bolsunovsky AY, Zotina TA. Cytogenetic abnormalities in aquatic plant Elodea canadensis in anthropogenic contamination zone of Yenisei River. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425514040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
20
|
Synthesis, characterization, microbiological evaluation, genotoxicity and synergism tests of new nano silver complexes with sulfamoxole: X-ray diffraction of [Ag2(SMX)2]·DMSO. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 141:58-69. [PMID: 25217718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and microbiological evaluation of two new Ag(I) complexes with sulfamoxole (SMX), [Ag2(SMX)2]·H2O and [Ag4(SCN)3(SMX)]·H2O are described. Both were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR, Raman and experimental and theoretical IR spectroscopies. Their antibacterial and antifungal properties were evaluated by agar and broth dilution assays, respectively. In addition, synergism tests for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were performed, and genotoxicity studies were carried out employing the Allium cepa test. Both complexes displayed good activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, and 10 fungi strains, with lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) than that of free SMX in all cases. The nanometrical crystallite particle size determined from XRPD, DLS and TEM might explain the good microbiological activity in spite of the low solubility of both complexes. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) calculated from the P. aeruginosa test data indicated that the activity of the complexes is not due to synergism of the free components in the concentration ratios studied. Moreover, none of the complexes displayed cytotoxic effects on onions in the concentration range tested, and chromosome aberrations were not observed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mosconi N, Giulidori C, Velluti F, Hure E, Postigo A, Borthagaray G, Back DF, Torre MH, Rizzotto M. Antibacterial, Antifungal, Phytotoxic, and Genotoxic Properties of Two Complexes of AgIwith Sulfachloropyridazine (SCP): X-ray Diffraction of [Ag(SCP)]n. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1211-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201400071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
22
|
Rigo LA, Frescura V, Fiel L, Coradini K, Ourique AF, Emanuelli T, Quatrin A, Tedesco S, Silva CBD, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Beck RCR. Influence of the type of vegetable oil on the drug release profile from lipid-core nanocapsules andin vivogenotoxicity study. Pharm Dev Technol 2013; 19:789-98. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2013.829097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
23
|
Petriccione M, Forte V, Valente D, Ciniglia C. DNA integrity of onion root cells under catechol influence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:4859-4871. [PMID: 23307075 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Catechol is a highly toxic organic pollutant, usually abundant in the waste effluents of industrial processes and agricultural activities. The environmental sources of catechol include pesticides, wood preservatives, tanning lotion, cosmetic creams, dyes, and synthetic intermediates. Genotoxicity of catechol at a concentration range 5 × 10(-1)-5 mM was evaluated by applying random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and time-lapse DNA laddering tests using onion (Allium cepa) root cells as the assay system. RAPD analysis revealed polymorphisms in the nucleotidic sequence of DNA that reflected the genotoxic potential of catechol to provoke point mutations, or deletions, or chromosomal rearrangements. Time-lapse DNA laddering test provided evidence that catechol provoked DNA necrosis and apoptosis. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining could distinguish apoptotic from necrotic cells in root cells of A. cepa.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Liu W, Sun L, Zhong M, Zhou Q, Gong Z, Li P, Tai P, Li X. Cadmium-induced DNA damage and mutations in Arabidopsis plantlet shoots identified by DNA fingerprinting. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 89:1048-55. [PMID: 22717160 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) test is a feasible method to evaluate the toxicity of environmental pollutants on vegetal organisms. Herein, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) plantlets following Cadmium (Cd) treatment for 26 d were screened for DNA genetic alterations by DNA fingerprinting. Four primers amplified 20-23 mutated RAPD fragments in 0.125-3.0 mg L(-1) Cd-treated Arabidopsis plantlets, respectively. Cloning and sequencing analysis of eight randomly selected mutated fragments revealed 99-100% homology with the genes of VARICOSE-Related, SLEEPY1 F-box, 40S ribosomal protein S3, phosphoglucomutase, and noncoding regions in Arabidopsis genome correspondingly. The results show the ability of RAPD analysis to detect significant genetic alterations in Cd-exposed seedlings. Although the exact functional importance of the other mutated bands is unknown, the presence of mutated loci in Cd-treated seedlings, prior to the onset of significant physiological effects, suggests that these altered loci are the early events in Cd-treated Arabidopsis seedlings and would greatly improve environmental risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Foltête AS, Dhyèvre A, Férard JF, Cotelle S. Improvement of Vicia-micronucleus test for assessment of soil quality: a proposal for international standardization. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 85:1624-1629. [PMID: 21906776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Viciafaba root tip micronucleus test is one of the most employed plant genotoxicity assays, and has been used on various types of contaminated materials. This test has been standardized by AFNOR, the French member organization of ISO. However, this test is usually performed with a water extraction step but soil genotoxicity assessment would be more relevant when performed directly in the soil itself. In order to harmonize these protocols, an ISO standard for the V.faba micronucleus test in both liquid phase (exposure of plants to different liquid matrix, including soil water extracts) and solid phase (direct exposure of plants to the soil) would be very useful. In this context, we compared two exposure durations in the solid phase (48 h and 5 d) for the V.faba micronucleus test with two different well-known genotoxicants, maleic hydrazide and copper sulfate. We concluded that these two durations induced equivalent sensitivity: the micronucleus frequency was significantly increased with 5 μmol maleic hydrazide per kg dry soil and with 2 mmol copper sulfate per kg dry soil with both exposure durations. However, exposing roots to soil during 48 h is more practical. Moreover, organically and conventionally cultured seeds were employed to determine whether the seed provenance influenced the test sensitivity. Organic seeds were less sensitive to copper, possibly because copper-based treatments are permitted, and often applied, in organic farms. Therefore, in the absence of completely non-treated seeds, organically-cultured seeds did not appear to offer any advantages over conventional seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Foltête
- Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes, Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, CNRS UMR 7146, Campus Bridoux, Avenue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Giorgetti L, Talouizte H, Merzouki M, Caltavuturo L, Geri C, Frassinetti S. Genotoxicity evaluation of effluents from textile industries of the region Fez-Boulmane, Morocco: a case study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:2275-2283. [PMID: 21840051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the biological hazard of effluents from textile industries of Fez-Boulmane region in Morocco, mutagenicity and phytotoxicity tests were performed on different biological systems. Moreover, the efficiency of a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) system, working by activated sludge on a laboratory scale, was estimated by comparing the ecotoxicity results observed before and after wastewater treatment. Evaluation of the genotoxic potential was investigated by means of classic mutagenicity tests on D7 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and by phytotoxicity tests on Allium sativum L., Vicia faba L. and Lactuca sativa L., estimating micronuclei presence, mitotic index and cytogenetic anomalies. The results obtained by testing untreated wastewater demonstrated major genotoxicity effects in S. cerevisiae and various levels of phytotoxicity in the three plant systems, while after SBR treatment no more ecotoxicological consequences were observed. These data confirm the effectiveness of the SBR system in removing toxic substances from textile wastewaters in Fez-Boulmane region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Giorgetti
- National Research Council-CNR, Institute of Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology-IBBA, Research Unit of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Geras'kin S, Oudalova A, Michalik B, Dikareva N, Dikarev V. Geno-toxicity assay of sediment and water samples from the Upper Silesia post-mining areas, Poland by means of Allium-test. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 83:1133-1146. [PMID: 21272917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic potential of two environmental compartments (water and sediment) from the Upper Silesia Coal Basin (USCB), Poland were evaluated and compared by employing root meristem cells of Allium cepa. The clear genotoxic effect of water and sediment sampled was shown, with an important contribution of severe types of cytogenetic abnormalities. The most biologically relevant pollutants were revealed through multivariate statistical analysis of relationships between biological effects registered and the environment contamination. Overall, results of simultaneous use of conventional monitoring methods and biological tests suggested that contemporary levels of persistent pollutants in post-mining areas of the USCB may enhance the risk both for human health and biological components of natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology RAAS, 249020 Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Souguir D, Ferjani E, Ledoigt G, Goupil P. Sequential effects of cadmium on genotoxicity and lipoperoxidation in Vicia faba roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2011; 20:329-336. [PMID: 21153701 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-010-0582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics of stress responses to Cd exposure (50, 100 and 200 μM) expanding from 12 to 48 h were studied in roots of hydroponically cultivated-Vicia faba seedlings. The heavy metal induced toxicity symptoms and growth arrest of Vicia roots gradually to the Cd concentration and duration of the treatment. The intracellular oxidative stress was evaluated with the H(2)O(2) production. The H(2)O(2) content increased gradually with the sequestered Cd and root growth inhibition. Lipid peroxidation-evidenced by malondialdehyde (MDA) content and Evans blue uptake-and genotoxicity-evidenced by mitotic index (MI) and micronuclei (MCN) values-were concomitantly investigated in root tips. By 12 h, root meristematic cells lost 15% of their mitotic activity under 50 or 100 μM Cd treatment and 50% under 200 μM Cd treatment and led cells with MCN, while the MDA content and Evans blue absorption were not affected. The loss of membrane integrity occurred subsequently by 24 h. The increase in MDA content in root cells treated with 50, 100 and 200 μM Cd was significantly higher than the control. By 48 h, the MDA content increased 134, 178 or 208% in root cells treated with 50, 100 and 200 μM Cd, respectively. The Evans blue absorption was also affected by 24 h in roots when treated with 200 μM Cd and gradually increase by 48 h with the Cd concentration of the treatment. The decrease of mitotic activity triggered by 12 h was even higher by 24 h and the MI reduced to 44, 56 or 80% compared to the control in the three different Cd concentrations tested. The different kinetics of early in vivo physiological and cytogenetic responses to Cd might be relevant to the characterization of its toxicity mechanisms in disrupting primarily the mitosis process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Souguir
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génétique végétales, UMR PIAF 547-UBP/INRA, Université Blaise Pascal-Clermont II, Campus universitaire des Cézeaux, Aubiere, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Duquesnoy I, Champeau GM, Evray G, Ledoigt G, Piquet-Pissaloux A. Enzymatic adaptations to arsenic-induced oxidative stress in Zea mays and genotoxic effect of arsenic in root tips of Vicia faba and Zea mays. C R Biol 2010; 333:814-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
31
|
Kwankua W, Sengsai S, Kuleung C, Euawong N. Sunlight decreased genotoxicity of azadirachtin on root tip cells of Allium cepa and Eucrosia bicolor. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:949-954. [PMID: 20452021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of neem plant (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) extract for pest control in agriculture has raised concerns over contamination by the residues to the environment. Such residues, particularly azadirachtin (Aza), may cause deleterious effect to non-target organisms. This investigation was conducted to find out if Aza could be inactivated through exposures to sunlight. Activity of Aza was assessed as its ability to cause cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in the forms of nuclei abnormality and chromosome aberration as measured by mitotic index (MI) and mitotic aberration (MA). Varying concentrations of Aza were tested on Allium cepa and Eucrosia bicolor. It was found that the MI of all root tip meristematic cells of A. cepa and E. bicolor treated with 0.00005%, 0.00010%, 0.00015%, and 0.00020% (w/v) Aza-containing neem extract for 24h, were significantly lower than the controls. Complementary to the lower levels of MI, the Aza-treated groups showed higher MA levels in all cases investigated. Furthermore, the decreasing levels of MI and the increasing levels of MA related well with the increasing concentration of Aza. Microscopic examination of root tip meristematic cells revealed that the anomaly found most often were mitotic disturbances and chromosomal bridges. Exposures of 0.00020% (w/v) Aza to sunlight for 3 days and 7 days decreased Aza ability to induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, both in terms of MI and MA, to root tip meristematic cells in A. cepa and E. bicolor. Photodegradation of Aza upon exposure to direct sunlight was confirmed by HPLC. The study implicates that Aza would unlikely cause long term deleterious effects to the environment since it would be inactivated by sunlight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Kwankua
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Allium cepa test in environmental monitoring: a review on its application. Mutat Res 2009; 682:71-81. [PMID: 19577002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Higher plants are recognized as excellent genetic models to detect environmental mutagens and are frequently used in monitoring studies. Among the plant species, Alium cepa has been used to evaluate DNA damages, such as chromosome aberrations and disturbances in the mitotic cycle. Employing the A. cepa as a test system to detect mutagens dates back to the 40s. It has been used to this day to assess a great number of chemical agents, which contributes to its increasing application in environmental monitoring. The A. cepa is characterized as a low cost test. It is easily handled and has advantages over other short-term tests that require previous preparations of tested samples, as well as the addition of exogenous metabolic system. Higher plants, even showing low concentrations of oxidase enzymes and a limitation in the substrate specification in relation to other organism groups, present consistent results that may serve as a warning to other biological systems, since the target is DNA, common to all organisms. The A. cepa test also enables the evaluation of different endpoints. Among the endpoints, chromosome aberrations have been the most used one to detect genotoxicity along the years. The mitotic index and some nuclear abnormalities are used to evaluate citotoxicity and analyze micronucleus to verify mutagenicity of different chemicals. Moreover, the A. cepa test system provides important information to evaluate action mechanisms of an agent about its effects on the genetic material (clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects). In the face of all the advantages that the A. cepa test system offers, it has been widely used to assess the impacts caused by xenobiotics, characterizing an important tool for environmental monitoring studies, where satisfactory results have been reported.
Collapse
|
33
|
Torres MA, Barros MP, Campos SCG, Pinto E, Rajamani S, Sayre RT, Colepicolo P. Biochemical biomarkers in algae and marine pollution: a review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2008; 71:1-15. [PMID: 18599121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 05/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by organic compounds and metals became extensive as mining and industrial activities increased in the 19th century and have intensified since then. Environmental pollutants originating from diverse anthropogenic sources have been known to possess adverse values capable of degrading the ecological integrity of marine environment. The consequences of anthropogenic contamination of marine environments have been ignored or poorly characterized with the possible exception of coastal and estuarine waters close to sewage outlets. Monitoring the impact of pollutants on aquatic life forms is challenging due to the differential sensitivities of organisms to a given pollutant, and the inability to assess the long-term effects of persistent pollutants on the ecosystem as they are bio-accumulated at higher trophic levels. Marine microalgae are particularly promising indicator species for organic and inorganic pollutants since they are typically the most abundant life forms in aquatic environments and occupy the base of the food chain. We review the effects of pollutants on the cellular biochemistry of microalgae and the biochemical mechanisms that microalgae use to detoxify or modify pollutants. In addition, we evaluate the potential uses of microalgae as bioindicator species as an early sentinel in polluted sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moacir A Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Leme DM, de Angelis DDF, Marin-Morales MA. Action mechanisms of petroleum hydrocarbons present in waters impacted by an oil spill on the genetic material of Allium cepa root cells. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2008; 88:214-219. [PMID: 18556073 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal aberration (CA) assays have been widely used, not only to assess the genotoxic effects of chemical agents, but also to evaluate their action mechanisms on the genetic material of exposed organisms. This is of particular interest, since such analyses provide a better knowledge related to the action of these agents on DNA. Among test organisms, Allium cepa is an outstanding species due to its sensitivity and suitable chromosomal features, which are essential for studies on chromosomal damage or disturbances in cell cycle. The goal of the present study was to analyze the action mechanisms of chemical agents present in petroleum polluted waters. Therefore, CA assay was carried out in A. cepa meristematic cells exposed to the Guaecá river waters, located in the city of São Sebastião, SP, Brazil, which had its waters impacted by an oil pipeline leak. Analyses of the aberration types showed clastogenic and aneugenic effects for the roots exposed to the polluted waters from Guaecá river, besides the induction of cell death. Probably all the observed effects were induced by the petroleum hydrocarbons derived from the oil leakage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Morais Leme
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Swaileh KM, Hussein R, Ezzughayyar A. Evaluating wastewater-induced plant genotoxicity using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2008; 23:117-122. [PMID: 18214923 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater often contains genotoxic substances that can resist different stages of the treatment process. In the present study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA technology was applied to evaluate the genotoxic effects of wastewater (treated and raw) irrigation on oat plants (Avena sativa). RAPD profiles obtained showed that both treated and raw wastewater (RWW) were having genotoxic effects on oat plants. This was apparent by the appearance/disappearance of bands in the treatments compared with the control plants. From the 15 primers used, 186 bands were obtained with an average of 12.4 bands per primer. Irrigating plants with RWW caused 51 new bands to appear and 19 to disappear. Treated wastewater (TWW) caused only 16 new bands and the loss of 17 bands. This makes TWW less genotoxic than RWW. The Euclidean distances shown on the dendrogram, revealed the presence of two clusters according to dissimilarity values. One cluster contained the control plants and those irrigated with TWW, whereas the second contained the plants irrigated with RWW. Similarity indices calculated between the treatments and the control plants showed that the control and the plants irrigated with TWW had a similarity index of 0.87, the control and plants irrigated with RWW 0.73 and between the treatments 0.75.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Swaileh
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestinian Authority.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Leme DM, Marin-Morales MA. Chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in Allium cepa cells exposed to petroleum polluted water—A case study. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2008; 650:80-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|