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Quan J, Song S, Xing L, Liu X, Yue M. DNA methylation variation and growth in the clonal Duchesnea indica is regulated by both past and present lead environments. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2305078. [PMID: 38245907 PMCID: PMC10802196 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2305078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that clonal plants' ability to select habitats and forage in a heterogeneous environment is influenced by their past environment, with stress legacy potentially playing a crucial role. In this study, we examined parental ramets of Duchesnea indica Focke that were subject to either a control or lead-contaminated environment (past environment), and their newborn offspring were then transplanted into control, homogeneous lead or heterogeneous lead environment (present environment). We analysed how past and present environments affect plant growth and DNA methylation in offspring. The result shown that the DNA methylation loci composition of offspring was affected by the interaction of parental environment and offspring environment, and DNA methylation levels were higher in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, our findings indicate that offspring would thrive in the heterogeneous lead environment if they did not experience lead pollution in the past, their progeny will avoid lead toxicity by reducing underground biomass allocation. However, when the parents experienced lead stress environment, their biomass allocation strategies disappeared, and they prefer to grow in favourable patches to avoid lead-contaminated patches. We concluded that the integration of historical parental exposure to lead-contaminated and current information about their offspring's environment are impacting plant phenotypes. It is possible that the stress legacy from the parents has been transmitted to their offspring ramets, and the stress legacy is at least partly based on heritable epigenetic variation. The phenotypic variation regulated by the stress legacy affects the growth performance, biomass allocation strategy, and even the behaviour of D. indica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Quan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shanshan Song
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Linya Xing
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, China
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Hamidpour M, Sadeghi R, Abbaszadeh-Dahaji P, Alaei H, Shafigh M, Omidvari M, Kariman K. The effects of EDTA and Trichoderma species on growth and Cu uptake of maize (Zea mays) plants grown in a Cu-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:372. [PMID: 39167291 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal contamination in soil poses a significant environmental concern worldwide, necessitating effective remediation strategies such as phytoremediation. The present study investigated the effects of EDTA dosage (1.5 and 3 mmol kg-1) and two Trichoderma species (T. harzianum and T. aureoviride) on copper (Cu) content and growth of maize plants grown in a Cu-contaminated soil, as well as Cu fractionation in the soil. In the absence of EDTA, only inoculation with T. harzianum led to a significant increase in shoot biomass. Combining fungal inoculum with EDTA only yielded a significant increase in shoot biomass when using T. aureoviride at a low EDTA rate, highlighting the interplay between fungal species and EDTA rates on plant growth. Results also indicated that EDTA application increased Cu bioavailability, enhancing Cu dissolution and root (not shoot) Cu concentrations. Conversely, inoculation with both Trichoderma species reduced Cu mobility and bioavailability in soil, thereby decreasing the shoot Cu concentrations of plants. When combined with EDTA, only application of T. harzianum resulted in an enhanced shoot Cu concentration, whereas combined application of T. aureoviride and EDTA did not make a significant change compared to the corresponding control (no fungal inoculation, no EDTA), possibly due to a lower compatibility of the T. aureoviride isolate with EDTA. Our results demonstrated that EDTA application, in both non-inoculated and inoculated treatments, increased Cu availability by facilitating its redistribution and transformation from less plant-available fractions (residual, Fe/Mn oxide-bound, and carbonate-bound) to the more readily plant-available forms (water-soluble and exchangeable fractions). In conclusion, although individual Trichoderma application proved beneficial for phytostabilization by reducing Cu content and mitigating Cu toxicity in plants, the combined application of EDTA and a compatible Trichoderma isolate (here, the T. harzianum isolate) holds promise for enhancing the phytoextraction capacity of plants. Although using maize has the advantage of being a food crop, to optimize phytoextraction, plant species with superior metal tolerance and phytoextraction capabilities should be selected, exceeding those of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hamidpour
- Department of Soil Science, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Razieh Sadeghi
- Department of Soil Science, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Alaei
- Department of Soil Science, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Shafigh
- Department of Soil Science, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahtab Omidvari
- School of Agriculture and Environment, UWA, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Khalil Kariman
- School of Agriculture and Environment, UWA, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Safeer R, Liu G, Yousaf B, Ashraf A, Haider MIS, Cheema AI, Ijaz S, Rashid A, Sikandar A, Pikoń K. Insights into the biogeochemical transformation, environmental impacts and biochar-based soil decontamination of antimony. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118645. [PMID: 38485077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Every year, a significant amount of antimony (Sb) enters the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources like mining, smelting, industrial operations, ore processing, vehicle emissions, shooting activities, and coal power plants. Humans, plants, animals, and aquatic life are heavily exposed to hazardous Sb or antimonide by either direct consumption or indirect exposure to Sb in the environment. This review summarizes the current knowledge about Sb global occurrence, its fate, distribution, speciation, associated health hazards, and advanced biochar composites studies used for the remediation of soil contaminated with Sb to lessen Sb bioavailability and toxicity in soil. Anionic metal(loid) like Sb in the soil is significantly immobilized by pristine biochar and its composites, reducing their bioavailability. However, a comprehensive review of the impacts of biochar-based composites on soil Sb remediation is needed. Therefore, the current review focuses on (1) the fundamental aspects of Sb global occurrence, global soil Sb contamination, its transformation in soil, and associated health hazards, (2) the role of different biochar-based composites in the immobilization of Sb from soil to increase biochar applicability toward Sb decontamination. The review aids in developing advanced, efficient, and effective engineered biochar composites for Sb remediation by evaluating novel materials and techniques and through sustainable management of Sb-contaminated soil, ultimately reducing its environmental and health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Safeer
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44 -100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aniqa Ashraf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irtaza Sajjad Haider
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Ayesha Imtiyaz Cheema
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Samra Ijaz
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Audil Rashid
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Anila Sikandar
- Department of Environmental Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Krzysztof Pikoń
- Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44 -100, Gliwice, Poland
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El-Tohory S, Zeng W, Huang J, Moussa MG, Dong L, Ismael MA, Khalifa O, Salama MA, Hekal MA, Basyouny MAE, Zhran M, Wu J. Effect of intercropping and biochar amendments on lead removal capacity by Corchorus olitorius and Zea mays. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42277-42294. [PMID: 38865046 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Intercropping is a sustainable strategy recognized for boosting crop production and mitigating heavy metal toxicity in contaminated soils. This study investigates the effects of biochar amendments on Pb-contaminated soil, utilizing monocropping and intercropping techniques with C. olitorius and Z. mays. The research assesses Pb removal capacity, nutrient uptake, antioxidant enzymes, and soil Pb fractionation. In monocropping, the phytoremediation ratio for C. olitorius increased from 16.67 to 27.33%, while in intercropping, it rose from 19.00 to 28.33% with biochar amendments. Similarly, Z. mays exhibited an increased phytoremediation ratio from 53.33 to 74.67% in monocropping and from 63.00 to 78.67% in intercropping with biochar amendments. Intercropping significantly increased the peroxidase (POD) activity in Z. mays roots by 22.53%, and there were notable increases in shoot POD of C. olitorius (11.54%) and Z. mays (16.20%) with biochar application. CAT showed consistent improvements, increasing by 37.52% in C. olitorius roots and 74.49% in Z. mays roots with biochar. Biochar amendments significantly increased N content in soil under sole cropping of Z. mays and intercropping systems. In contrast, Cu content increased by 56.34%, 59.05%, and 79.80% in monocropping (C. olitorius and Z. mays) and intercropping systems, respectively. This suggests that biochar enhances nutrient availability, improving phytoremediation efficacy in Pb-contaminated soil. Phyto availability of trace metals (Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe) exhibited higher levels with biochar amendments than those without. The findings indicate that intercropping and biochar amendments elevate antioxidant enzyme levels, reducing reactive oxygen species and mitigating Pb toxicity effects. This approach improves phytoremediation efficiency and holds promise for soil pollution remediation while enhancing nutrient content and crop quality in Pb-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa El-Tohory
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Jiesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Mohamed G Moussa
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
- International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, ICBA, 14660, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Liming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Marwa A Ismael
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Omar Khalifa
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Salama
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hekal
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A E Basyouny
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Zhran
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
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5
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Xie N, Wang H, You C. Enhanced adsorption of Pb 2+ by the oxygen-containing functional groups enriched activated carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33047-w. [PMID: 38619770 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Lead is one of the primary pollutants found in water and poses significant toxicity risks to humans; thus, it is necessary to investigate techniques for removing it economically and efficiently. In order to enhance the removal capacity of Pb2+, coconut shell-based activated carbon (AC) was modified with introducing oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs) via nitric acid (HNO3) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) modification in this study. The characterization results show that after oxidation treatment, the content of OFGs increased, and the textural properties of the samples do not change significantly. This indicates that the modification conditions used in this study effectively introduced OFGs while avoiding the adverse effects on physical adsorption ability of AC caused by oxidation treatment. The Pb2+ adsorption capacities of the AC modified with 10 M HNO3 and 30 wt.% H2O2 were 4.26 and 3.64 times that of the pristine AC, respectively. The experimental data can be well fitted using the Langmuir isotherm model and the Elovich kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption of Pb2+ on AC belongs to single-layer adsorption, and chemical adsorption dominates the adsorption process. In summary, the hydrothermal-assisted HNO3/H2O2-modified coconut shell-based AC shows great potential in efficiently removing Pb2+ from solutions, offering a solution for utilizing coconut shell waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haiming Wang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Changfu You
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, China
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Sharma J, Kumar S, Kumar V, Singh P, Khyalia P, Saini S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Sharma A. Stress-mitigating behavior of glycine betaine to enhance growth performance by suppressing the oxidative stress in Pb-stressed barley genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7498-7513. [PMID: 38158536 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of lead (Pb) in agricultural soil is constantly increasing as a result of anthropogenic activities. Pb is one of the most phytotoxic metals in soil that accumulates in plant tissue, resulting in yield loss. It is currently becoming more popular to supplement glycine betaine (GB) for Pb-induced stress tolerance in crop plants. Currently, no report describes the use of GB as a stress mitigator for growth attributes and stress-specific biomarkers in barley plants under Pb stress conditions. Hence, the present research was designed to examine the stress-mitigating behavior of GB on various growth attributes including germination percentage, seed vigor index (SVI), radicle length, plant biomass (fresh and dry), shoot and root length, physiological attributes such as relative water content (RWC), and stress-specific biomarkers like electrolyte leakage (EL), and H2O2 content of two barley varieties viz. BH959 and BH946 at three Pb stress treatments (15 mM, 25 mM, and 35 mM), with and without GB (2 mM) supplementation in natural conditions. The present investigation showed that at the highest Pb stress (35 mM), the germination rate was reduced to zero, and the growth attributes and RWC of both barley varieties were also reduced as compared to the non-stressed plants (control) with an increase in Pb treatment. However, EL up to 70% and H2O2 content up to 30% increased with an increase in Pb stress concentration indicated by ROS accumulation, resulting in more oxidative stress. Additionally, GB application alleviated the toxic effect of Pb stress by improving the rate of germination by 33.3% and growth performance by reducing the ROS accumulation in terms of reducing stress biomarkers H2O2 by 25%, and EL by 12%. It has been revealed that the application of GB can minimize or reduce the toxic effects caused by Pb toxicity in both varieties, positively modulating plant growth performances and lowering oxidative stress. This research may provide a scientific basis for assessing Pb tolerance in barley plants and developing alternative approaches to protecting them from the severe effects of Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, Baba Mast Nath University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikram Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Khyalia
- Department of Environmental Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sakshi Saini
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Asha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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7
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Imran M, Farooq MA, Batool A, Shafiq S, Junaid M, Wang J, Tang X. Impact and mitigation of lead, cadmium and micro/nano plastics in fragrant rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122224. [PMID: 37479167 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and micro(nano)plastics (MNPs), represent a significant risk to global food supply as well as a potential risk to humankind. Over 50% of the worldwide population eat rice every day, and rice aroma is a significant qualitative trait that is highly valued by consumers and fetches premium prices in the global market. Despite the huge commercial importance of fragrant rice, limited studies were directed to investigate the influence of HMs and MNPs on yield related traits and 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) compound, mainly responsible for aroma production in fragrant rice. In this review, we found that the interaction of HMs and MNPs in fragrant rice is complex and accumulation of HMs and MNPs was higher in root as compared to the grains. Nutrients and phytohormones mediated mitigation of HMs and MNPs were most effective sustainable strategies. In addition, monitoring the checkpoints of 2-AP biosynthesis and its interaction with HMs and MNPs is challenging. Finally, we explained the potential challenges that fragrant rice faces considering the continuous rise in environmental pollutants and discussed the future avenues of research to improve fragrant rice's yield and qualitative traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China
| | - Muhammad Ansar Farooq
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Batool
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Shafiq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Rashwan M, Abd El-Razzak H, Alkoaik F, Ibrahim M, Fulleros R. Influence of tomato waste composts on dry matter and heavy metals content in cucumber and summer squash seedlings. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2023; 73:695-704. [PMID: 37846899 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2023.2235326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Huge quantities of agricultural waste are available annually in Saudi Arabia, which are not well exploited, leading to large environmental pollution and health problems. The use of different proportions of tomato waste compost (TWC) mixed with commercial peat-moss as a natural, economical, cheap and environmentally friendly fertilizer for fertilizing vegetables is very important, therefore, this study is concerned with investigating and evaluating the dry matter content (DM) and the accumulated heavy metal contents (HMs) in the root and leaf seedlings tissues of cucumber and summer squash plants as a result of using this fertilizer. Five ratios of mixtures (vermiculite: peat moss: TWC by weight) used in the experiment, and the TWC in the mixture represents 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% (by wieght). The results indicated that, the DM contents in the root and leaf tissues were relatively close between cucumber and summer squash seedlings. However, they were higher in the root than in leaf tissues, particularly under 20% TWC. A TWC application ratio of 20% reduced concentrations of the most HMs in the two vegetable species seedlings due to high EC and pH levels. The amounts of HMs in vegetable species were not high, which proves the that transfer of HMs from the TWC substrate to the seedlings is determined chiefly by metal bioavailability and by a vegetable species. DM, mineral and nutritional quality of vegetable seedlings showed that substrates containing 5% and 10% TWC appeared to be the most suitable growing medium for economic vegetable seedlings; and it is recommended for use in the nursery production. Implications: The idea of this research revolves around the use of different proportions of tomato waste compost in fertilizing cucumber and summer squash seedlings and investigate the effect of this compost on dry matter (DM) and heavy metal (HMs) contents in the root and leaf tissues of the seedlings, and fruit quality of cucumber and summer squash plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rashwan
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hesham Abd El-Razzak
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fahad Alkoaik
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ronnel Fulleros
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Natasha, Shahid M, Khalid S, Murtaza B, Anwar H, Shah AH, Sardar A, Shabbir Z, Niazi NK. A critical analysis of wastewater use in agriculture and associated health risks in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:5599-5618. [PMID: 32875481 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater shortage and its contamination with various types of pollutants are becoming the most alarming issues worldwide due to impacts on socioeconomic values. Considering an increasing freshwater scarcity, it is imperative for the growers, particularly in semiarid and arid areas, to use wastewater for crop production. Wastewaters generally contain numerous essential inorganic and organic nutrients which are considered necessary for plant metabolism. Besides, this practice provokes various hygienic, ecological and health concerns due to the occurrence of toxic substances such as heavy metals. Pakistan nowadays faces a severe freshwater scarcity. Consequently, untreated wastewater is used routinely in the agriculture sector. In this review, we have highlighted the negative and positive affectivity of wastewater on the chemical characteristics of the soil. This review critically delineates toxic metal accumulation in soil and their possible soil-plant-human transfer. We have also estimated and deliberated possible health hazards linked with the utilization of untreated city waste effluents for the cultivation of food/vegetable crops. Moreover, we carried out a multivariate analysis of data (144 studies of wastewater crop irrigation in Pakistan) to trace out common trends in published data. We have also compared the limit values of toxic metals in irrigation water, soil and plants. Furthermore, some viable solutions and future viewpoints are anticipated taking into account the on-ground situation in Pakistan-such as planning and sanitary matters, remedial/management technologies, awareness among local habitants (especially farmers) and the role of the government, NGOs and pertinent stakeholders. The data are supported by 13 tables and 7 figures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Anwar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Haidar Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Aneeza Sardar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
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Lebrun M, Száková J, Drábek O, Tejnecký V, Hough RL, Beesley L, Wang H, Trakal L. ETDA as a legacy soil chelatant: a comparative study to a more environmentally sensitive alternative for metal removal by Pistia stratiotes L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27537-6. [PMID: 37202639 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of environmental risk assessment depends upon selecting appropriate matrices to extract the most risk-relevant portion of contaminant(s) from the soil. Here, we applied the chelatants EDTA and tartaric acid to extract a metal-contaminated soil. Pistia stratiotes was applied as an indicator plant to measure accumulation from the metal-laden bulk solutions generated, in a hydroponic experiment lasting 15 days. Speciation modeling was used to elucidate key geo-chemical mechanisms impacting matrix and metal-specific uptake revealed by experimental work. The highest concentrations of soil-borne metals were extracted from soil by EDTA (7.4% for Cd), but their uptake and translocation to the plant were restricted due to the formation of stable metal complexes predominantly with DOC. Tartaric acid solubilized metals to a lesser extent (4.6% for Cd), but a higher proportion was plant available due to its presence mainly in the form of bivalent metal cations. The water extraction showed the lowest metal extraction (e.g., 3.9% for Cd), but the metal species behaved similarly to those extracted by tartaric acid. This study demonstrates that not all extractions are equal and that metal-specific speciation will impact accurate risk assessment in soil (water)-plant systems. In the case of EDTA, a deleterious impact on DOC leaching is an obvious drawback. As such, further work should now determine soil and not only metal-specific impacts of chelatants on the extraction of environmentally relevant portions of metal(loid)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhattan Lebrun
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Drábek
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Tejnecký
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | - Luke Beesley
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lukáš Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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11
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Huang S, Wang Z, Song Q, Hong J, Jin T, Huang H, Zheng Z. Potential mechanism of humic acid attenuating toxicity of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in Vallisneria natans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160974. [PMID: 36563757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances are widely present in aquatic environments. Due to the high affinity of humic substances for metals, the interactions have been particularly studied. To assess the effect of humic acid (HA) on submerged macrophytes and biofilms exposed to heavy metal stress, Vallisneria natans was exposed to solutions containing different concentrations of HA (0.5-2.0 mg·L-1), Pb2+ (1 mg·L-1) and Cd2+ (1 mg·L-1). Results suggested that HA positively affected the plant growth and alleviated toxicity by complexing with metals. HA increased the accumulation of metals in plant tissues and effectively induced antioxidant responses and protein synthesis. It was also noted that the exposure of HA and metals promoted the abundance and altered the structure of microbial communities in biofilms. Moreover, the positive effects of HA were considered to be related to the expression of related genes resulting from altered DNA methylation levels, which were mainly reflected in the altered type of demethylation. These results demonstrate that HA has a protective effect against heavy metal stress in Vallisneria natans by inducing effective defense mechanisms, altering biofilms and DNA methylation patterns in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Qixuan Song
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No.163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Tianyu Jin
- School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance &Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haiqing Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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12
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Gul I, Manzoor M, Ahmad I, Kallerhoff J, Arshad M. Phytoaccumulation of cadmium by Pelargonium × hortorum - tolerance and metal recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:32673-32682. [PMID: 36469272 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to assess the removal of cadmium (Cd) from contaminated soil by using Pelargonium × hortorum - an ornamental plant. Furthermore, the genotoxic impacts of Cd on plant was evaluated, and accumulated Cd in shoots were recovered as Cd-nanoparticles. For this purpose, a pot experiment was carried out with Cd (0-150 mg/kg) spiked soil. P. hortorum was grown for 24 weeks in a greenhouse. Subsequently, harvested root/shoot biomass and Cd concentration in root/shoot were determined. The micronucleus assay was performed to assess the genotoxicity of Cd within the selected plant. Accumulated Cd in shoots was recovered as Cd-nanoparticles and was characterized by SEM and XRD. Exposure to Cd exhibited a phytotoxic impact by reducing the plant biomass, but plant survived at higher Cd concentrations and the tolerance index was greater than 60% at a higher Cd level (150 mg/kg). Moreover, 257 mg/kg of Cd in aerial parts was observed, and maximum Cd uptake (120 mg plant-1) by P. hortorum was found at 150 mg/kg Cd. Plants exposed to Cd exhibited genotoxic impact by increasing the number of micronuclei by 59% at a higher Cd level (150 mg/kg) and the mitotic index was reduced by 20%. Furthermore, recovered nanoparticles were spherically shaped with an average size of 36.2-355 nm. The plant has potential for the removal of Cd and has exhibited good tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Gul
- Institute of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan.
| | - Maria Manzoor
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Geology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), 18800, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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13
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Singh DV, Bhat JIA, Bhat RA, Tali JA. Vehicular emission and its impact on heavy metal accumulation and photosynthetic pigments on pine needles in Pahalgam forest ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23898-23907. [PMID: 36331740 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human interference is rising day by day which adds more problems to conserve valuable forest resources. Vehicular exhausts are the main source of heavy metals that have detrimental impacts on the vegetation. The research provides comprehension about the increase in vehicular traffic along the Pahalgam highway, which is disturbing the balance of the forest ecosystem. The concentration of heavy metals and leaf pigments were determined in the leaf tissues collected along with the roadside pine trees in the Pahalgam resort. A total of 25 samples at each sampling site were collected in 100 m diameter along main road. High vehicular movements in summer correlated with the high accumulation of heavy metals such as Pb2+ (0.563 mg/kg), Ni2+ (0.271 mg/kg), and Cu2+ (0.202 mg/kg) in pine needles. However, Zn2+ exhibited higher concentration (0.468 mg/kg) at Batakote and Cd2+ (0.05 mg/kg) at Pahalgam in autumn. Moreover, total chlorophyll content determined low (1.97 mg/g) at Pahalgam in autumn and high (3.81 mg/g) at Chandanwari in summer. In general, the chlorophyll content in the pine needles was certainly affected by the accumulation of heavy metals which indicating a negative correlation of chlorophyll content with heavy metals. Thus, the increase in traffic movement and tourist influx significantly affects the accumulation of heavy metals and decreases the pigment content in the pine needles. Rapid tourist influx in world-famous health resorts is dramatically influencing the forest ecosystem. Therefore, the need is to use green fuel or ban the old vehicles which can be helpful in maintaining the balance of the forest ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dig Vijay Singh
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Javeed Iqbal Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Rouf Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India.
| | - Javaid Ahmad Tali
- Department of Geography, Government Degree College Tral, Tral, Kashmir, India
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14
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Tang Z, Wang HQ, Chen J, Chang JD, Zhao FJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity and detoxification of trace metals and metalloids in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:570-593. [PMID: 36546407 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations (e.g., Cu, Zn, Ni, Co), while others are non-essential and toxic even at relatively low concentrations (e.g., As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg). Soil contamination of trace metals is an increasing problem worldwide due to intensifying human activities. Trace metal contamination can cause toxicity and growth inhibition in plants, as well as accumulation in the edible parts to levels that threatens food safety and human health. Understanding the mechanisms of trace metal toxicity and how plants respond to trace metal stress is important for improving plant growth and food safety in contaminated soils. The accumulation of excess trace metals in plants can cause oxidative stress, genotoxicity, programmed cell death, and disturbance in multiple physiological processes. Plants have evolved various strategies to detoxify trace metals through cell-wall binding, complexation, vacuolar sequestration, efflux, and translocation. Multiple signal transduction pathways and regulatory responses are involved in plants challenged with trace metal stresses. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in trace metal toxicity, detoxification, and regulation, as well as strategies to enhance plant resistance to trace metal stresses and reduce toxic metal accumulation in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Han-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jia-Dong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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15
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Ahmed S, Ahmad M, Sardar R, Ismail MA. Triacontanol priming as a smart strategy to attenuate lead toxicity in Brassica oleracea L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:1173-1188. [PMID: 36384370 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2143478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent heavy metal pollutant in the environment is lead (Pb). Lead potentially contribute 10% of overall heavy metal contamination. Lead uptake by plants has been found to have an impact on their metabolic functions, photosynthetic activity, growth, and productivity. The current experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of triacontanol (Tria) for attenuating Pb stress in Brassica oleracea var. italic (broccoli). Three different Tria concentrations (10, 20 and 30 µmol L-1) were used to prime broccoli seeds. Growth of broccoli was reduced when exposed to Pb-driven toxicity. Additionally, Pb had a deleterious impact on the protein quantity, stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthetic rate. Nevertheless, plants grown from seeds primed with Tria2 (20 µmol L-1 Tria) exhibited improved morphological characteristics, uptake of mineral content (Mn+2, Zn+2, K+1, Na+1) along with biomass production. There was 1.6-fold increase in photosynthetic rate, the phenol (1.3 folds), and DPPH activity (1.2 folds) in seed primed with Tria2. Additionally, plants treated with Tria2 demonstrated enhanced MTI and gas exchange characteristics that improves plant stress tolerance under Pb stress. Seed priming with Tria can be used to increase plant tolerance to Pb stress as evidenced by the improved growth and biochemical characteristics of broccoli seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Ahmad
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amir Ismail
- Department of Information Technology, Lahore Institute of Technical Education (LITE), Lahore Cantt, Pakistan
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16
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Mabood F, Hadi F, Jan AU, Ditta A, Islam Z, Siddiqui MH, Ali HM, Sabagh AEL. Assessment of Pb and Ni and potential health risks associated with the consumption of vegetables grown on the roadside soils in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:906. [PMID: 36253629 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vegetables cultivated near roads absorb toxic metals from polluted soil, which enter the human body through the food chain and cause serious health problems to humans. The present study investigated the concentration of lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) in soils and vegetables grown along the roadside of District Swat, Pakistan, and the health risks associated with the consumption of the tested vegetables. In results, Pb concentration was higher in plants located at the distance between 0-10 m away from the roadside than the WHO permissible limit. In such plants, Pb concentration was higher than Ni. Rumex dentatus contained the highest concentration of Pb (75.63 mg kg-1 DW) among the tested vegetables while Ni concentration (27.57 mg kg-1 DW) was highest in Trachyspermum ammi as compared to other plants. Concentration and accumulation of both the metals decreased in soil and plants with increasing distance from the road. Similarly, target hazard quotient values noted for Pb (up to 3.37) were greater than unity, which shows that there is a potential risk associated with the consumption of tested vegetables near the road. Moreover, the values of target cancer risk (up to 0.8413) were greater than 0.0001, which shows that there is a risk of cancer with the consumption of tested vegetables. In conclusion, the consumption of tested vegetables was very dangerous as it may lead to higher risks of cancer. Strict regulatory control is recommended on the cultivation of these vegetables along the roadside to avoid any contamination due to roadside exhaust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Mabood
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Hadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Amin Ullah Jan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), 18000, Pakistan.
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Ziaul Islam
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman E L Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, 01330, Turkey
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17
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Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination and Pesticide Residues in Coix Seeds in Guizhou Province, China. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152286. [PMID: 35954054 PMCID: PMC9367953 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coix seed is a medicinal and edible plant with rich nutritional and medicinal values. With the expansion of the coix seed consumption market, the problem of coix seed safety has attracted attention worldwide. The aims of this work were to evaluate the contamination of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and 116 pesticides in coix seeds collected from 12 main producing regions of coix seeds in the Guizhou Province of China and to analyze the major contributors of heavy metal and pesticide contamination in coix seed. The results show that the average contents of Pb, Cd, As and Cr in the 123 coix seed samples were 0.0069, 0.0021, 0.0138 and 0.1107 mg/kg, respectively, while Hg was not detected in all coix seed samples. Among the five heavy metals detected, only the Cr contents of three samples were found to be higher than the contaminant limit of Chinese standard GB2762-2017 (CSGB). A total of 13 pesticides were detected in 29 samples from seven main production regions of coix seeds, accounting for 23.6% of all the samples. The detection rates of chlorpyrifos were the highest (8.13%), followed by fenpropathrin (4.06%), bifenthrin (2.43%) and phoxim (1.62%), while the detection rates of the remaining pesticides were below 1%. Moreover, the residual risk score of dichlorvos was the highest of all the pesticides detected. The pollution index and risk assessment of heavy metals and pesticide residues indicates that coix seeds were at safe levels for consumption. In the production process of coix seeds, the local government should control the soil in areas heavily polluted by heavy metals and strengthen the monitoring and guidance on the scientific and rational use of pesticides.
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Natasha N, Shahid M, Bibi I, Iqbal J, Khalid S, Murtaza B, Bakhat HF, Farooq ABU, Amjad M, Hammad HM, Niazi NK, Arshad M. Zinc in soil-plant-human system: A data-analysis review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152024. [PMID: 34871690 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays an important role in the physiology and biochemistry of plants due to its established essentiality and toxicity for living beings at certain Zn concentration i.e., deficient or toxic over the optimum range. Being a vital cofactor of important enzymes, Zn participates in plant metabolic processes therefore, alters the biophysicochemical processes mediated by Zn-related enzymes/proteins. Excess Zn can provoke oxidative damage by enhancing the levels of reactive radicals. Hence, it is imperative to monitor Zn levels and associated biophysicochemical roles, essential or toxic, in the soil-plant interactions. This data-analysis review has critically summarized the recent literature of (i) Zn mobility/phytoavailability in soil (ii) molecular understanding of Zn phytouptake, (iii) uptake and distribution in the plants, (iv) essential roles in plants, (v) phyto-deficiency and phytotoxicity, (vi) detoxification processes to scavenge Zn phytotoxicity inside plants, and (vii) associated health hazards. The review especially compares the essential, deficient and toxic roles of Zn in biophysicochemical and detoxification processes inside the plants. To conclude, this review recommends some Zn-related research perspectives. Overall, this review reveals a thorough representation of Zn bio-geo-physicochemical interactions in soil-plant system using recent data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Abu Bakr Umer Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shreef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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Sorrentino MC, Giordano S, Capozzi F, Spagnuolo V. Metals Induce Genotoxicity in Three Cardoon Cultivars: Relation to Metal Uptake and Distribution in Extra- and Intracellular Fractions. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040475. [PMID: 35214808 PMCID: PMC8876339 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal-polluted soil represents an important stress condition for plants. Several studies demonstrated that growth inhibition under metal stress and metal-induced damages, including genotoxicity, is particularly pronounced at the early stages of seedling growth. Moreover, it is reported that heavy metals enter the cytoplasm to exert their detrimental effect, including DNA damage. In this work, we estimated (i) metal-induced genotoxicity by ISSR molecular markers and (ii) the distribution of the metal fractions between symplast and apoplast by EDTA washing, in three cultivars of Cynara cardunculus var. altilis (L.) DC (Sardo, Siciliano, and Spagnolo), grown in hydroponics for 15 days with Cd or Pb: In line with the literature, in all cultivars, the genotoxic damage induced by Pb was more severe compared to Cd. However, a cultivar-specific response was evidenced since Spagnolo showed, under metal stress, a significantly higher genome template stability compared to the other examined cultivars. The lower genotoxicity observed in Spagnolo could depend on the lower intracellular metal concentration measured in this cultivar by chemical analysis. Accordingly, light microscopy highlighted that Spagnolo developed smaller and more numerous epidermal cells under metal stress; these cells would provide a larger wall surface offering a wider metal sequestration compartment in the apoplast.
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20
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Differential Uptake and Translocation of Cadmium and Lead by Quinoa: A Multivariate Comparison of Physiological and Oxidative Stress Responses. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10020068. [PMID: 35202254 PMCID: PMC8880804 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) has emerged as a serious environmental issue that reduces crop productivity. However, the metals tolerance and accumulation potential of quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd) under the combined stress of Cd and Pb has not yet been explored. In the present hydroponic study, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of quinoa exposed to Cd and Pb were explored. Four-week-old plants of quinoa genotype ‘Puno’ were grown under different concentrations of Cd (0, 50 and 100 µM), Pb (0, 250 and 500 µM) alone as well as in combinations. The results showed that with increasing Cd and Pb levels in the nutrient solution, the plant biomass, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll contents were decreased. However, the concurrent application of higher concentrations of Cd (100 µM) and Pb (500 µM) caused even more reduction in the plant biomass (more than 50% than the control) and physiological attributes. The combined application of Pb and Cd caused oxidative stress through an overproduction of H2O2 (10-fold) and TBARS (12.5-fold), leading to decrease in membrane stability (52%). The oxidative stress was alleviated by a 7-fold, 10-fold and 9-fold overactivation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), respectively. An excessive uptake of Cd resulted in a limited uptake of Pb and K in the roots and shoots of quinoa plants. The Cd and Pb tolerance and uptake potential of Puno showed its ability to stabilize Cd and Pb in co-contaminated soils.
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21
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Iftikhar A, Abbas G, Saqib M, Shabbir A, Amjad M, Shahid M, Ahmad I, Iqbal S, Qaisrani SA. Salinity modulates lead (Pb) tolerance and phytoremediation potential of quinoa: a multivariate comparison of physiological and biochemical attributes. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:257-272. [PMID: 33907913 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Salinity and lead (Pb) contamination of soil are important environmental issues. A hydroponics experiment was performed to unravel the effects of salinity on modulation of Pb tolerance and phytoremediation potential of quinoa. Four-week-old plants of quinoa genotype "Puno" were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 150 and 300 mM), Pb (0, 250 and 500 μM) and their combinations. It was noticed that plant biomass, chlorophyll contents and stomatal conductance of quinoa were slightly affected at 150 mM NaCl or 250 μM Pb. However, the higher concentrations of NaCl (300 mM) and Pb (500 μM) caused significant decline in these attributes. The accumulation of Na in quinoa increased under the combined application of salt with highest level of Pb. The uptake of K was not affected at the lower levels of either salinity or Pb, but decreased significantly at their highest levels. The combination of salinity and Pb increased H2O2 contents and caused lipid peroxidation that was mitigated by the activation of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase). The activities of these enzymes increased by 4-, 3.75-, 5.4- and 2-fold, respectively, in the combined application of 500 μM Pb and 300 mM NaCl with respect to control. A multivariate analysis indicated that Pb tolerance potential of quinoa under combined application of NaCl and Pb was higher at 150 than 300 mM NaCl. The bioconcentration factor and translocation factor for Pb remained less than one either in the absence or presence of salinity. Lead accumulation and tolerance potential indicated that quinoa genotype "Puno" is suitable for phytostabilization of Pb under saline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Iftikhar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Arslan Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad Qaisrani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
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22
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Pogányová A, Haas M, Solár J. Lead content in soil, plants, rodents, and amphibians in the vicinity of a heating plant's ash waste. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:21. [PMID: 34893947 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study supplements previous research focused on environmental condition in the vicinity of waste ash material. The main aim of our study was the comparative analysis of lead levels in soil, plant, and animal organisms in the area of the tailings pond and surroundings, using x-ray. Findings confirm that the level of Pb in the top layer of soil is in the range of 20-135 ppm. Lead content in Calamagrostis plant tissues was confirmed only at the tailings pond area, with the highest lead concentrations measured in above-ground components; stems with blooms followed by roots and ground floor sheats. The livers, kidneys, and hearts of Apodemus flavicollis were examined, with findings of higher values in the tailings pond area than in the reference site, and average values of 14.5 ppm for livers, 16.0 ppm for kidneys, and 16.6 ppm for hearts. No significant differences were discovered based on sex and body length/body weight of A. flavicollis individuals. Values for Bombina variegata liver tissue reached an average of 12.3 ppm for individuals caught in a water reservoir without ash sediments, versus 15.7 ppm in those trapped by the edge of then tailings pond area. Females had lower concentrations of lead than males, but with no statistically significant differences found. Despite lower lead levels in soil and ash than expected, concentrations in mammalian and amphibian organs suggest a possible transition of this element into the food chain, and therefore further research in this area is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pogányová
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia.
| | - Martina Haas
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Solár
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia
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Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Induced in Zygophyllum fabago by Low Pb Doses Depends on the Population’s Redox Plasticity. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) soil contamination remains a major ecological challenge. Zygophyllum fabago is a candidate for the Pb phytostabilisation of mining tailings; nevertheless, the cytogenotoxic effects of low doses of Pb on this species are still unknown. Therefore, Z. fabago seeds collected from non-mining (NM) and mining (M) areas were exposed to 0, 5 and 20 µM Pb for four weeks, after which seedling growth, Pb cytogenotoxic effects and redox status were analyzed. The data revealed that Pb did not affect seedling growth in M populations, in contrast to the NM population. Cell cycle progression delay/arrest was detected in both NM and M seedlings, mostly in the roots. DNA damage (DNAd) was induced by Pb, particularly in NM seedlings. In contrast, M populations, which showed a higher Pb content, exhibited lower levels of DNAd and protein oxidation, together with higher levels of antioxidants. Upon Pb exposure, reduced glutathione (GSH) and non-protein thiols were upregulated in shoots and were unaffected/decreased in roots from the NM population, whereas M populations maintained higher levels of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids in shoots and triggered GSH in roots and shoots. These differential organ-specific mechanisms seem to be a competitive strategy that allows M populations to overcome Pb toxicity, contrarily to NM, thus stressing the importance of seed provenance in phytostabilisation programs.
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Chen Q, Huang L, Zheng G, Zhang G, Zhou F, Li P. Performance and retention mechanisms of corn silk to atmospheric heavy metal lead. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 24:1039-1049. [PMID: 34726965 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1994524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric heavy metals are seriously harmful, and porous materials have unique advantages in the control of air pollutants. However, the direct use of plant porous materials to purify atmospheric heavy metals are rare. So agricultural waste corn silk with porous structures was selected to analyze the retention capability and mechanism to the atmospheric lead. The results show that the corn silk can effectively retain atmospheric lead in natural growing state or fixed experimental conditions. The analysis of a total of 765 corn silk samples from 17 different regions in Shandong province, China, shows that atmospheric lead is the main source of lead in the corn silk, and corn silk can be used for biological monitoring of atmospheric lead to some extent. Based on the analysis with different techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), Fourier infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and Zeta potential, the effective retention of lead by corn silk is due to a variety of mechanisms, including physical adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, complexation, chelation and ion exchange. So agricultural waste corn silk has great potential in the application of biosorption or preparation of porous materials in purification of atmospheric heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiu Chen
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guiling Zheng
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Ali S, Zhang X, Huang L. Arsenic behavior in soil-plant system and its detoxification mechanisms in plants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117389. [PMID: 34058445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic and cancer-causing metals which is generally entered the food chain via intake of As contaminated water or food and harmed the life of living things especially human beings. Therefore, the reduction of As content in the food could be of great importance for healthy life. To reduce As contamination in the soil and food, the evaluation of plant-based As uptake and transportation mechanisms is critically needed. Different soil factors such as physical and chemical properties of soil, soil pH, As speciation, microbial abundance, soil phosphates, mineral nutrients, iron plaques and roots exudates effectively regulate the uptake and accumulation of As in different parts of plants. The detoxification mechanisms of As in plants depend upon aquaporins, membrane channels and different transporters that actively control the influx and efflux of As inside and outside of plant cells, respectively. The xylem loading is responsible for long-distance translocation of As and phloem loading involves in the partitioning of As into the grains. However, As detoxification mechanism based on the clear understandings of how As uptake, accumulations and translocation occur inside the plants and which factors participate to regulate these processes. Thus, in this review we emphasized the different soil factors and plant cell transporters that are critically responsible for As uptake, accumulation, translocation to different organs of plants to clearly understand the toxicity reasons in plants. This study could be helpful for further research to develop such strategies that may restrict As entry into plant cells and lead to high crop yield and safe food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Zemanová V, Pavlíková D, Hnilička F, Pavlík M. Arsenic Toxicity-Induced Physiological and Metabolic Changes in the Shoots of Pteris cretica and Spinacia oleracea. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102009. [PMID: 34685818 PMCID: PMC8540401 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a ubiquitous toxic element that can be accumulated into plant parts. The present study investigated the response of Pteris cretica and Spinacia oleracea to As treatment through the analysis of selected physiological and metabolic parameters. Plants were grown in pots in As(V) spiked soil (20 and 100 mg/kg). Plants’ physiological condition was estimated through the determination of elements, gas-exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, water potential, photosynthetic pigments, and free amino acid content. The results confirmed differing As accumulation in plants, as well as in shoots and roots, which indicated that P. cretica is an As-hyperaccumulator and that S. oleracea is an As-root excluder. Variations in physiological and metabolic parameters were observed among As treatments. Overall, the results revealed a significant effect of 100 mg/kg As treatment on the analysed parameters. In both plants, this treatment affected growth, N, Mg, S, Mn, and Zn content, as well as net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, and total free amino acid content. In conclusion, the results reflect the similarity between P. cretica and S. oleracea in some aspects of plants’ response to As treatment, while physiological and metabolic parameter changes related to As treatments indicate the higher sensitivity of S. oleracea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pavlíková
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - Milan Pavlík
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
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27
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Tibbett M, Green I, Rate A, De Oliveira VH, Whitaker J. The transfer of trace metals in the soil-plant-arthropod system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146260. [PMID: 33744587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential and non-essential trace metals are capable of causing toxicity to organisms above a threshold concentration. Extensive research has assessed the behaviour of trace metals in biological and ecological systems, but has typically focused on single organisms within a trophic level and not on multi-trophic transfer through terrestrial food chains. This reinforces the notion of metal toxicity as a closed system, failing to consider one trophic level as a pollution source to another; therefore, obscuring the full extent of ecosystem effects. Given the relatively few studies on trophic transfer of metals, this review has taken a compartment-based approach, where transfer of metals through trophic pathways is considered as a series of linked compartments (soil-plant-arthropod herbivore-arthropod predator). In particular, we consider the mechanisms by which trace metals are taken up by organisms, the forms and transformations that can occur within the organism and the consequences for trace metal availability to the next trophic level. The review focuses on four of the most prevalent metal cations in soil which are labile in terrestrial food chains: Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni. Current knowledge of the processes and mechanisms by which these metals are transformed and moved within and between trophic levels in the soil-plant-arthropod system are evaluated. We demonstrate that the key factors controlling the transfer of trace metals through the soil-plant-arthropod system are the form and location in which the metal occurs in the lower trophic level and the physiological mechanisms of each organism in regulating uptake, transformation, detoxification and transfer. The magnitude of transfer varies considerably depending on the trace metal concerned, as does its toxicity, and we conclude that biomagnification is not a general property of plant-arthropod and arthropod-arthropod systems. To deliver a more holistic assessment of ecosystem toxicity, integrated studies across ecosystem compartments are needed to identify critical pathways that can result in secondary toxicity across terrestrial food-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tibbett
- Department of Sustainable Land Management & Soil Research Centre, School of Agriculture Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6AR, UK.
| | - Iain Green
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Andrew Rate
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vinícius H De Oliveira
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jeanette Whitaker
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
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Abstract
Zinc ion dissolved in water is attempted to be removed by generating the oxides of zinc using the oxygen gas in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system. The removal rate of zinc oxides’ production (ZnO and Zn(OH)2) are measured at different treatment periods by the oxygen plasma penetration in water. The removal rate of the deposit increases initially and then decreases with the treatment period. The maximum removal rate (29%) of zinc ion from water is achieved at the treatment period of 10 min, where pH is lower (7.4). From FTIR the generation properties of zinc oxide can be recognized. Initially the amount of the deposit increases with the ozone treatment period due to production of both ZnO and Zn(OH)2. After that, the production of Zn(OH)42- increases even when the total removal rate of the deposit decreases. Therefore, to remove zinc ion from water forming metal oxide deposit, the penetration amount of the active oxygens to the water must be controlled to keep the pH lower than around 7.5. Because with increasing pH amount of removal rate of zinc oxides’ deposit decreases. The pH of the zinc dissolved water treated by ozone depends on both zinc ion and ozone concentration in water.
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29
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Xie N, Wang H, You C. Role of oxygen functional groups in Pb 2+ adsorption from aqueous solution on carbonaceous surface: A density functional theory study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124221. [PMID: 33082021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption mechanism of Pb2+ from aqueous solution on carbonaceous surface modified with oxygen functional groups was investigated by using density functional theory method. The zigzag model with seven benzene rings and armchair model with four benzene rings were used to simulate the different structures of carbonaceous surfaces. It was found that the adsorption of Pb2+ on the pure zigzag surface was chemisorption with the adsorption energy of - 306.26 to - 322.36 kJ/mol, while that on the armchair surface was physisorption with the adsorption energy of - 32.39 kJ/mol. The introduction of oxygen functional groups significantly enhanced the Pb2+ adsorption on the armchair surface. The physisorption changed to chemisorption after adding carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, or carbonyl functional group, indicating the stronger adsorption ability of the carbonaceous surfaces after modification. On the zigzag surface, however, the studied functional groups cannot benefit the Pb2+ adsorption. The results showed that the Pb2+ tended to adsorb on the carbon atoms instead of moving to the oxygen atoms from the introduced functional groups for adsorption, which suggests that the oxygen functional groups promoted the Pb2+ adsorption by increasing the activity of their neighboring carbon atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Haiming Wang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, PR China.
| | - Changfu You
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, PR China
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30
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Alengebawy A, Abdelkhalek ST, Qureshi SR, Wang MQ. Heavy Metals and Pesticides Toxicity in Agricultural Soil and Plants: Ecological Risks and Human Health Implications. TOXICS 2021; 9:42. [PMID: 33668829 PMCID: PMC7996329 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental problems have always received immense attention from scientists. Toxicants pollution is a critical environmental concern that has posed serious threats to human health and agricultural production. Heavy metals and pesticides are top of the list of environmental toxicants endangering nature. This review focuses on the toxic effect of heavy metals (cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn)) and pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides) adversely influencing the agricultural ecosystem (plant and soil) and human health. Furthermore, heavy metals accumulation and pesticide residues in soils and plants have been discussed in detail. In addition, the characteristics of contaminated soil and plant physiological parameters have been reviewed. Moreover, human diseases caused by exposure to heavy metals and pesticides were also reported. The bioaccumulation, mechanism of action, and transmission pathways of both heavy metals and pesticides are emphasized. In addition, the bioavailability in soil and plant uptake of these contaminants has also been considered. Meanwhile, the synergistic and antagonistic interactions between heavy metals and pesticides and their combined toxic effects have been discussed. Previous relevant studies are included to cover all aspects of this review. The information in this review provides deep insights into the understanding of environmental toxicants and their hazardous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alengebawy
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Sara Taha Abdelkhalek
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.T.A.); (S.R.Q.)
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Sundas Rana Qureshi
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.T.A.); (S.R.Q.)
| | - Man-Qun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.T.A.); (S.R.Q.)
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31
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Cheng YD, Bai YX, Jia M, Chen Y, Wang D, Wu T, Wang G, Yang HW. Potential risks of nicotine on the germination, growth, and nutritional properties of broad bean. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111797. [PMID: 33340958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the allelopathy, uptake and accumulation, and potential agricultural and food safety risks of nicotine in broad bean (Vicia faba L.) during seed germination and seedling growth. Nicotine stress has an allelopathic inhibitory effect on seeds and a hormesis effect on germinated seeds and seedlings, which has an enhancement effect (<50 mg kg-1) and an inhibition effect (>100 mg kg-1) on the germinated seeds and an enhancement effect (<100 mg kg-1) and an inhibition effect (>200 mg kg-1) on the seedlings. Exogenous nicotine can be absorbed by broad bean roots from nicotine-contaminated soil and accumulated in the main organs of the seedlings, especially the leaves, which exceeded the maximum residue level (0.03 mg kg-1 DW) at 50 mg kg-1. Moreover, nicotine resulted in a bitter taste in the edible broad bean leaves, disrupting the balance of basic nutritional properties, decreasing sucrose, and increasing bitter substances such as choline and procyanidin. These results demonstrated that residual nicotine in the soil not only poses potential risks to sustainable agricultural development but also a food safety risk for consumers. The present study provides insight into the potential risks of nicotine in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Cheng
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Bai
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Meng Jia
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., LTD. Kunming 650231, China
| | - Ge Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China.
| | - Huan-Wen Yang
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China.
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32
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Rehman AU, Nazir S, Irshad R, Tahir K, ur Rehman K, Islam RU, Wahab Z. Toxicity of heavy metals in plants and animals and their uptake by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kim SH, Jeong S, Chung H, Nam K. Contribution of precipitation and adsorption on stabilization of Pb in mine waste by basic oxygen furnace slag and the stability of Pb under reductive condition. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128337. [PMID: 33297263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag was used to stabilize lead (Pb) in a mine waste. Stabilization efficiencies differed depending on the slag contents (i.e., 3, 5, and 10 wt.%) and the water contents (i.e., 0.05-5.0 L/kg), varying from 52.2 to 98.0%, and both the slag contents and the water contents positively affected the stabilization efficiency. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested an evidence that precipitation and adsorption mechanisms were involved. When the contribution of each mechanism was determined, the increase in the BOF slag content mainly increased adsorption mechanism probably because of the increase in the adsorption sties. The increase in the water content, on the other hand, facilitated precipitation mechanism by lowering the ionic strength. Stabilized Pb could be mobilized at redox potential of 20-85 mV due to the reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxides. Sequential extraction results demonstrated that the adsorbed Pb became mobilized, and the fraction of exchangeable Pb increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1 Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seulki Jeong
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 6-7 Inchon-ro 22-gil Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02855, South Korea
| | - Hyeonyong Chung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1 Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyoungphile Nam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1 Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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34
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Ranjan J, Mandal T, Mandal DD. Mechanistic insight for DBP induced growth inhibition in Vigna radiata via oxidative stress and DNA damage. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128062. [PMID: 33297068 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorination is important to the safeness of recouped water; though it shows concern about disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation and its toxic effects. DBPs generation mostly specified by category of disinfectant utilized and naturally occurring organic matter present in the water pre and post disinfection. Plants are exposed to diverse stresses of environment across their lifespan. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) perform significant roles in preserving ordinary plant growth and enhancing their tolerance towards stress. This study is focused on the generation and elimination of ROS in apical meristematic growth and responses in Vigna radiata towards DBPs exposure. Phytotoxic and genotoxic effect of selected DBPs, TCAA (trichloroacetic acid), TCM (trichloromethane), TBM (tribromomethane) revealed concentration-dependent root length inhibition, germination index, vigour index, tolerance index, root/shoot ratio with higher EC50 value for TCM (6000 mg/L, 50.26 mM) over TCAA and TBM (1850 mg/L, 11.32 mM; 4000 mg/L, 15.83 mM). DNA laddering assay demonstrated DBP induced DNA damage to be concentration-dependent too. The concentration-dependent increase in the lipid peroxidation, H2O2 generation for each DBPs examined with highest oxidative stress for TCAA over TBM and TCM at fixed concentration illustrates that possible mechanism behind observed toxicity may be via ROS. Its regulation by antioxidative defense enzymes activities can be attributed to observed decline in these enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase) activities with increasing concentration again where TCAA found more significantly affected than TBM and TCM over control. Results thus provide a useful understanding of the mechanism of DBP induced phytotoxicity and genotoxicity in V.radiata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, 713209, West Bengal, India.
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Gomez BM, Reale M, El Kassisse Y, Mujica C, Gómez C, de Cabo L, Rodríguez Salemi V. Metals Uptake by Sagittaria montevidensis in Contaminated Riparian Area of Matanza-Riachuelo River (Argentina). SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Masoudi F, Shirvani M, Shariatmadari H, Sabzalian MR. Performance of new biodegradable chelants in enhancing phytoextraction of heavy metals from a contaminated calcareous soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:655-664. [PMID: 33312591 PMCID: PMC7721918 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chelant-assisted phytoextraction has widely been exploited as a feasible option for removing heavy metals from the contaminated soils. Some synthetic chelants have shown promising performances for this option, but they have also revealed several negative environmental consequences. This study has sought to investigate the feasibility of two biodegradable eco-friendly chelants, namely methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA) and N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic acid (GLDA), as compared to the resistant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), in enhancing phytoextraction of Zn and Pb from a contaminated calcareous soil. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was carried out comparing the growth and metal absorption of maize (Zea mays L.) grown on soils treated with EDTA, MGDA, and GLDA chelants at 2, 4 and 8 mmol kg- 1 levels. Results showed that the heavy metal uptakes by the plant shoots generally increased with increasing the chelant application level. Pb uptake by maize shoots increased from 10.6 mg plant- 1 in control to 416, 398, and 416 mg plant- 1 in the soils treated with 8 mmol kg- 1 MGDA, GLDA, and EDTA, respectively. The corresponding increases in Zn uptake were from 100.9 mg plant- 1 to 798.9, 718.9, and 530.4 mg plant- 1 in the MGDA-, GLDA-, and EDTA-amended soils, respectively. Moreover, the amounts of water-extractable, and thereby potentially leachable, Pb and Zn in the post-harvest soil were considerably greater in the soil treated with EDTA than those treated with MGDA and GLDA. Therefore, MGDA and GLDA would be potential alternatives to environmentally-persistent EDTA for enhanced metal phytoextraction from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Masoudi
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Shirvani
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Shariatmadari
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Sabzalian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran
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Szopiński M, Sitko K, Rusinowski S, Zieleźnik-Rusinowska P, Corso M, Rostański A, Rojek-Jelonek M, Verbruggen N, Małkowski E. Different strategies of Cd tolerance and accumulation in Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis arenosa. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:3002-3019. [PMID: 32890409 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pseudometallophytes are commonly used to study the evolution of metal tolerance and accumulation traits in plants. Within the Arabidopsis genus, the adaptation of Arabidopsis halleri to metalliferous soils has been widely studied, which is not the case for the closely related species Arabidopsis arenosa. We performed an in-depth physiological comparison between the A. halleri and A. arenosa populations from the same polluted site, together with the geographically close non-metallicolous (NM) populations of both species. The ionomes, growth, photosynthetic parameters and pigment content were characterized in the plants that were growing on their native site and in a hydroponic culture under Cd treatments. In situ, the metallicolous (M) populations of both species hyperaccumulated Cd and Zn. The NM population of A. halleri hyperaccumulated Cd and Zn while the NM A. arenosa did not. In the hydroponic experiments, the NM populations of both species accumulated more Cd in their shoots than the M populations. Our research suggests that the two Arabidopsis species evolved different strategies of adaptation to extreme metallic environments that involve fine regulation of metal homeostasis, adjustment of the photosynthetic apparatus and accumulation of flavonols and anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szopiński
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Paulina Zieleźnik-Rusinowska
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Massimiliano Corso
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adam Rostański
- Botany and Nature Protection Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rojek-Jelonek
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eugeniusz Małkowski
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Singh R, Kesavan AK, Landi M, Kaur S, Thakur S, Zheng B, Bhardwaj R, Sharma A. 5-aminolevulinic acid regulates Krebs cycle, antioxidative system and gene expression in Brassica juncea L. to confer tolerance against lead toxicity. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:283-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Shabbir Z, Sardar A, Shabbir A, Abbas G, Shamshad S, Khalid S, Murtaza G, Dumat C, Shahid M. Copper uptake, essentiality, toxicity, detoxification and risk assessment in soil-plant environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127436. [PMID: 32599387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential metal for human, animals and plants, although it is also potentially toxic above supra-optimal levels. In plants, Cu is an essential cofactor of numerous metalloproteins and is involved in several biochemical and physiological processes. However, excess of Cu induces oxidative stress inside plants via enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Owing to its dual nature (essential and a potential toxicity), this metal involves a complex network of uptake, sequestration and transport, essentiality, toxicity and detoxification inside the plants. Therefore, it is vital to monitor the biogeo-physiochemical behavior of Cu in soil-plant-human systems keeping in view its possible essential and toxic roles. This review critically highlights the latest understanding of (i) Cu adsorption/desorption in soil (ii) accumulation in plants, (iii) phytotoxicity, (iv) tolerance mechanisms inside plants and (v) health risk assessment. The Cu-mediated oxidative stress and resulting up-regulation of several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants have been deliberated at molecular and cellular levels. Moreover, the role of various transporter proteins in Cu uptake and its proper transportation to target metalloproteins is critically discussed. The review also delineates Cu build-up in plant food and accompanying health disorders. Finally, this review proposes some future perspectives regarding Cu biochemistry inside plants. The review, to a large extent, presents a complete picture of the biogeo-physiochemical behavior of Cu in soil-plant-human systems supported with up-to-date 10 tables and 5 figures. It can be of great interest for post-graduate level students, scientists, industrialists, policymakers and regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Aneeza Sardar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Saliha Shamshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Machado A., 31058, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Auzeville-Tolosane, France; Association Réseau-Agriville, France
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan. http://reseau-agriville.com/
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Shahid M, Khalid S. Foliar application of lead and arsenic solutions to Spinacia oleracea: biophysiochemical analysis and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39763-39773. [PMID: 32166684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric contamination by heavy metal(loid)s is a widespread global issue. Recent studies have shown foliar pathway of heavy metal(loid) uptake by plants, thus menacing plant productivity and threatening health risks. In contrast to root uptake of heavy metal(loid)s, there is scarce data available on heavy metal(loid) foliar uptake, accumulation in different plant parts, changes in growth and other biophysiochemical processes/reactions, detoxification mechanisms and associated health risks due to the consumption of contaminated vegetables. This study evaluated the effect of foliar application of two potentially toxic metal(loid)s (arsenic (As) and lead (Pb)) on their uptake by Spinacia oleracea, plant growth, pigment contents, physiological changes, and activation of antioxidative enzymes. Results revealed that S. oleracea seedlings can accumulate both the metal(loid)s in their leaves via foliar pathway. Arsenic was transferred from the leaves towards the roots, while Pb was mainly sequestered in S. oleracea leaves. Both the metal(loid)s significantly decreased plant growth and pigment contents, As being more toxic than Pb. Foliar application of As and Pb did not cause lipid peroxidation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, both the metal(loid)s enhanced the activities of antioxidative enzymes. We also calculated possible health risks (both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) due to As and Pb accumulation in the edible parts for both the adults and children. It was observed that As can induce non-carcinogenic effects (HQ > 1) in children only, while both As and Pb can cause carcinogenic hazards in both adults and children under their all applied foliar levels. Therefore, it is proposed that As and Pb contents in the atmosphere must be monitored continuously for their possible foliar uptake and accumulation in edible plant parts to avoid cancer risks. Moreover, multivariate analysis traced weak-strong correlations between metal(loid) treatments and plant response variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils before Rice Sowing and at Harvesting in Southern Jiangsu Province, China. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7391934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice, one of the most important staple crops in China, is easily contaminated by heavy metal pollution from industrial development. In this work, we systematically investigated the heavy metal (Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu) and metalloid (Hg and As) concentrations in paddy soils and different rice tissues in southern Jiangsu Province, China. The potential ecological hazard index method and in vitro simulation test were used to evaluate the influence of heavy metals on local resident health. The results showed that, before rice sowing and at the harvesting period, the order of Eri values was EriCd>EriHg>EriAs>EriPb>EriCu>EriCr>EriZn. The low-risk index values (91.63 and 30.29) for the heavy metals indicated the low risk at the two stages in the study area based on the potential ecological hazard index. As determined with Tessier’s five-stage sequential extraction procedure, the proportions of the chemical speciation of the heavy metals were as follows: residual > organic matter-bound > iron-manganese oxide-bound > carbonate-bound > exchangeable. The order of the values of the accumulation and transfer factors was Cd (3.16) > Cu (0.42) > Zn (0.28) > Pb (0.25) > As (0.07) > Cr (0.04) > Cr (0.03) and root > stem > leaves, respectively. In vitro simulation tests showed that, in both adults and children, the daily amount of Pb and Cd intake through the soil-oral cavity route in the study area did not exceed the daily tolerance for Pb and Cd proposed by the WHO. In summary, although there is no obvious danger to local adults and children, it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of rice contamination from Cd in the soil.
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Lyu G, Li D, Li S, Ning C, Qin R. Genotoxic effects and proteomic analysis on Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. root cells under Pb stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:959-972. [PMID: 32507983 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ionic lead (Pb) in the environment has accumulated due to anthropogenic activities, causing a potential threat to plants and plant consumers. We conducted this study to reveal the molecular mechanism of Pb stress response in plants. The effects of Pb (5.0 and 15.0 μM) on mitosis, DNA replication, gene expression and proteins in root-tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. were addressed. The results indicated that root growth was inhibited dramatically in Pb treatment groups. Chromosomal aberrations were observed and the mitotic index decreased during Pb treatments at different concentrations. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in onion roots was induced by Pb stress. Pb increased DNA damage and suppressed cell cycle progression. The above toxic effects got more serious with increasing Pb concentration and prolonging exposure time. A total of 17 proteins were expressed differentially between control and Pb exposure groups. Under Pb treatment, the decreased expression of Anx D1 indicated decreased defensive response; the decreased expression of SHMT1 indicated decreased respiration; the decreased expression of COMT2 indicated decreased response of other funtions; the increased expression of NDPK indicated increased transcription and protein synthesis; the increased expression of PR1 and CHI1 indicated increased pathogen invasion; the increased expression of ORC5 and MPK5 indicated the reduced DNA replicating activity; the decreased expression of POLD1 indicated the reduced DNA repair activity. Our results provide new insights at the proteomic level into the Pb-induced responses, defensive responses and toxic effects, and provide new molecular markers of the early events of plant responses to Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongbing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Chanjuan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Rong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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Karaczun ZM, Obidoska G, Żarska B. Phytotoxicity and phytogenotoxicity of soil and air in the vicinity of a petrochemical plant in Płock (Poland). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:24430-24437. [PMID: 32306259 PMCID: PMC7326826 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical industries have been widely recognised as important emission sources of airborne contaminants including heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs, which affect the quality of air, soil and vegetation. In this study, our aim was to examine the phytotoxicity and phytogenotoxicity of soils and air in the vicinity of a petrochemical plant, in order to assess the potential threat of such industrial objects for crops and natural vegetation, in the cases when the allowable concentrations of contaminants are not exceeded and the plants in the vicinity visually do not seem to be affected. For phytotoxicity and phytogenotoxicity assessment, the Phytotoxkit and respectively Vicia RTA and TRAD MCN bioassays were used. According to our results, in spite of relatively low content of heavy metals and PAHs (hardly any exceedance of standards), the phytotoxicity and especially phytogenotoxicity of soil samples collected up to 18 km from the refinery were detected by the bioindicators. The phytogenotoxicity of air was also indicated within the distance of up to 12 km. We concluded that to obtain the complete view of the environmental risks in a surveyed area, a combination of chemical analysis of environmental samples with the bioindication methods should be implemented. In addition, setting the acceptable levels of contaminants should involve a more extensive use of bioindication methods (especially genotoxicity assessment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew M Karaczun
- Department of Environment Protection and Dendrology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Obidoska
- Department of Environment Protection and Dendrology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Żarska
- Department of Environment Protection and Dendrology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
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Song X, Zhang C, Chen W, Zhu Y, Wang Y. Growth responses and physiological and biochemical changes in five ornamental plants grown in urban lead-contaminated soils. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2020; 1:29-47. [PMID: 37284132 PMCID: PMC10168045 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An increasing concentration of lead (Pb) in urban contaminated soil due to anthropogenic activities has been a global issue threatening human health. The use of urban ornamental plants as phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil is a new choice. In the present experiment, the physiological and biochemical response of five ornamental plants to increase in concentrations of C4H6O4Pb·H2O in the soil were measured to investigate these plans' Pb tolerance strategies and abilities. Our results showed that Pb stress significantly inhibited the growth and the biomass of all the plants. The root activity (RA), net photosynthetic rate (P n), and chlorophyll (Chl) content in Pb-stressed leaves were significantly decreased, whereas the leaf proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS), and membrane stability index (MSI) were remarkable increased compared with those in the control group. By application of all-subsets regression and linear regression, the reduction in photosynthetic capacity in the five plants is mainly due to the decrease in the leaf Chl content caused by Pb stress. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) in Canna generalis was greater than 1, while in the other plants were lower than 1, suggesting that Canna generalis had the highest Pb accumulation ability. The translocation factor (TF) in all the plants were lower than 1, suggesting that Pb preferentially accumulated in the external part of roots. By calculating the comprehensive evaluation value (CEV), Iris germanica L. was found to be the most sensitive species, and Canna generalis was the most tolerant species, to Pb stress among the five ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Song
- College of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Phyto‐microremediation in Saline‐alkali LandShandongChina
| | - Chenxiang Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Phyto‐microremediation in Saline‐alkali LandShandongChina
| | - Yihao Zhu
- College of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Yueying Wang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
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Bassegio C, Santos RF, Bassegio D, de Souza SNM. Genotypic variation in growth and lead accumulation among Brassica juncea accessions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1249-1258. [PMID: 32393051 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1759506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Selecting (inter-varietal) Brassica juncea for tolerance to metal-contamination has been proposed as a strategy to develop superior genotypes for phytoextraction of lead (Pb) through selection and breeding techniques. To understand the differences among accessions of a single species to Pb accumulation, a pot experiment was conducted with three B. juncea accessions under levels of Pb added to the soil (0, 90, 180, and 540 mg kg-1). The duration of the growth period was 100 d. Pb concentration levels did not affect the flowering of B. juncea accessions. Plant height, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter were reduced linearly when soil Pb concentration increased to 540 mg kg-1. A significant interaction between Pb concentration levels and accessions was observed for Pb concentration in shoots and roots, indicating genotypic variation in Pb absorption. The concentration of Pb in shoots in accession PI 180266 was 51% higher compared to accessions PI 649105 and PI 432379 when soil Pb concentration increased to 540 mg kg-1. It can be concluded that the B. juncea accessions differed significantly in Pb uptake, and the selection of tolerant cultivars might be helpful for Pb phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiane Bassegio
- Department of Energy Engineering in Agriculture, State University of Western Paraná, UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
| | - Reginaldo Ferreira Santos
- Department of Energy Engineering in Agriculture, State University of Western Paraná, UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
| | - Doglas Bassegio
- Department of Energy Engineering in Agriculture, State University of Western Paraná, UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
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Shahid M, Khalid S, Bibi I, Bundschuh J, Khan Niazi N, Dumat C. A critical review of mercury speciation, bioavailability, toxicity and detoxification in soil-plant environment: Ecotoxicology and health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:134749. [PMID: 32000322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination by a non-essential and non-beneficial, although potentially toxic mercury (Hg), is becoming a great threat to the living organisms at a global scale. Owing to its various uses in numerous industrial processes, high amount of Hg is released into different environmental compartments. Environmental Hg contamination can result in food chain contamination, especially due to its accumulation in edible plant parts. Consumption of Hg-rich food is a key source of Hg exposure to humans. Since Hg does not possess any identified biological role and has genotoxic and carcinogenic potential, it is critical to monitor its biogeochemical behavior in the soil-plant system and its influence in terms of possible food chain contamination and human exposure. This review traces a plausible link among Hg levels, its chemical speciation and phytoavailability in soil, accumulation in plants, phytotoxicity and detoxification of Hg inside the plant. The role of different enzymatic (peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (glutathione, phytochelatins, proline and ascorbic acid) antioxidants has also been elucidated with respect to enhanced generation of reactive radicles and resulting oxidative stress. The review also outlines Hg build-up in edible plant tissues and associated health risks. The biogeochemical role of Hg in the soil-plant system and associated health risks have been described with well summarized and up-to-date data in 12 tables and 4 figures. We believe that this comprehensive review article and meta-analysis of Hg data can be greatly valuable for scientists, researchers, policymakers and graduate-level students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari-61100, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari-61100, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Machado A., 31058 Toulouse, cedex 9, France; Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; Association Réseau-Agriville (http://reseau-agriville.com/), France
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Shahid M, Farooq ABU, Rabbani F, Khalid S, Dumat C. Risk assessment and biophysiochemical responses of spinach to foliar application of lead oxide nanoparticles: A multivariate analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125605. [PMID: 31883499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research progress in the recent past, the data regarding foliar uptake of heavy metals, associated biophysiochemical changes inside plants and possible health hazards are limited. This study determined the effect of foliar application of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO-NPs) on lead (Pb) accumulation, physiological and biochemical changes inside spinach plants and associated health risks. A green method was used to prepare PbO-NPs using coconut water. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the preparation of smooth, unwrinkled, granular and spherical PbO-NPs. Spinach leaves were exposed via foliar application to three concentrations of PbO-NPs (0, 10 and 50 mg/plant). Foliar PbO-NPs application resulted in a significant accumulation of Pb in leaves (42.25 μg g-1), with limited translocation towards root tissues (4.46 μg g-1). This revealed that spinach can accumulate considerable amount of Pb via foliar uptake. Lead accumulation inside spinach caused a significant decrease in pigment contents (38%) and dry weight (67%). After foliar uptake, Pb caused several-fold increase in the activities of catalase and peroxidase. However, foliar PbO-NPs did not induce significant changes in H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity. Application of PbO-NPs (50 mg/plant) showed possible health risks (non-carcinogenic) due to ingesting Pb-contaminated leaves of spinach. It is proposed that atmospheric contamination and foliar deposition of metal-PM can seriously affect vegetable growth and can provoke health issues due to ingestion of metal-enriched vegetables. Therefore, atmospheric levels of heavy metals need to be monitored on a regular basis to avoid their food chain contamination and possible human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Abu Bakr Umer Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Rabbani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Camille Dumat
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. de l'Agrobiopôle, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France; Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès-Toulouse II, 5 allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France
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Lead Toxicity: Health Hazards, Influence on Food Chain, and Sustainable Remediation Approaches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072179. [PMID: 32218253 PMCID: PMC7177270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity has been a subject of interest for environmental scientists due to its toxic effect on plants, animals, and humans. An increase in several Pb related industrial activities and use of Pb containing products such as agrochemicals, oil and paint, mining, etc. can lead to Pb contamination in the environment and thereby, can enter the food chain. Being one of the most toxic heavy metals, Pb ingestion via the food chain has proven to be a potential health hazard for plants and humans. The current review aims to summarize the research updates on Pb toxicity and its effects on plants, soil, and human health. Relevant literature from the past 20 years encompassing comprehensive details on Pb toxicity has been considered with key issues such as i) Pb bioavailability in soil, ii) Pb biomagnification, and iii) Pb- remediation, which has been addressed in detail through physical, chemical, and biological lenses. In the review, among different Pb-remediation approaches, we have highlighted certain advanced approaches such as microbial assisted phytoremediation which could possibly minimize the Pb load from the resources in a sustainable manner and would be a viable option to ensure a safe food production system.
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Lin YJ, Yu XZ, Li YH, Yang L. Inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory components (Complex I and Complex III) as stimuli to induce oxidative damage in Oryza sativa L. under thiocyanate exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125472. [PMID: 31995896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Repression of the electron transport in mitochondria can result in an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. This study was to clarify inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory components (Complex I and Complex III) as stimuli to induce oxidative damage in Oryza sativa L. under exogenous SCN- exposure with special emphasis on lipid peroxidation, protein modification, and DNA damage at the biochemical and molecular levels. Our results showed that enzymatic activity and gene expression of cytochrome c reductase (Complex III) in roots and shoots of rice seedlings were significantly repressed by SCN- exposure, where significant inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) was only detected in shoots, suggesting that Complex III was the main target attacked by SCN- ligand in rice roots, and both components were arrested in shoots. ROS analysis in tissues indicated that SCN- exposure caused significant accumulation of H2O2 and O2-•, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl content in rice materials in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, a remarkable elevation of electrolyte leakage was observed in rice tissue samples. The comet assay indicated a positive correlation between DNA damage and external SCN- exposure. In conclusion, oxidative burst generated from the inhibitions of the electron transport in mitochondria in rice seedlings under SCN- exposure can cause lipid peroxidation, protein modification and DNA damage, eventually decreasing fresh weight of rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Lin
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
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