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Singh V, Negi R, Jacob M, Gayathri A, Rokade A, Sarma H, Kalita J, Tasfia ST, Bharti R, Wakid A, Suthar S, Kolipakam V, Qureshi Q. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic ecosystem exposed to the 2020 Baghjan oil spill in upper Assam, India: Short-term toxicity and ecological risk assessment. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293601. [PMID: 38019821 PMCID: PMC10686499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the short-term contamination and associated risks arising from the release of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to the 2020 Baghjan oil blowout in upper Assam, India. Shortly after the Baghjan oil blowout, samples were collected from water, sediment, and fish species and examined for PAHs contents. The results of the analysis revealed ΣPAHs concentrations ranged between 0.21-691.31 μg L-1 (water); 37.6-395.8 μg Kg-1 (sediment); 104.3-7829.6 μg Kg-1 (fish). The prevalence of 3-4 ring low molecular weight PAHs compounds in water (87.17%), sediment (100%), and fish samples (93.17%) validate the petrogenic source of origin (oil spill). The geographic vicinity of the oil blowout is rich in wildlife; thus, leading to a significant mass mortality of several eco-sensitive species like fish, plants, microbes, reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals including the Gangetic River dolphin. The initial ecological risk assessment suggested moderate to high-risk values (RQ >1) of majority PAHs concerning fish, daphnia, and algae species. This study highlights the need for recognizing the potential for short-term exposure to local species. To safeguard local ecosystems from potential future environmental disasters, it is imperative for the government to adopt a precautionary strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranjana Negi
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Merin Jacob
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aaranya Gayathri
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Rokade
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hiyashri Sarma
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jitul Kalita
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Abdul Wakid
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Aaranyak, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Surindra Suthar
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Qamar Qureshi
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Al-Shamary N, Hassan H, Leitão A, Hutchinson SM, Mondal D, Bayen S. Baseline distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the marine environment around the coastline of Qatar. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 188:114655. [PMID: 36764146 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Levels of organic contaminants (TPHs, PAHs) were simultaneously determined in both abiotic (sediments, seawater) and biotic (Pinctada radiata oysters) samples at four sites along the coastline of Qatar (Arabian Gulf) in 2017-2018. TPHs and PAHs were more frequently detected in oyster tissues than sediment and seawater samples collected from the same areas. While levels of TPHs and PAHs in seawater and sediments were lower than previous local studies and worldwide studies, PAHs levels observed in pearl oyster tissue (25.9-2240 μg/kg) were relatively higher than in previous studies in Qatar. In general, eight PAHs compounds were detected in oyster tissue, with benzo(a)pyrene displaying the highest concentration. The coast of Qatar could be affected by seasonal patterns of pollutants, where TPHs and PAHs levels increased in winter compared to summer. These results provide key information on the use of the pearl oyster as a bioindicator species and Qatar's marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Al-Shamary
- Environnemental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar; School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, UK
| | - Hassan Hassan
- Environnemental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar
| | | | - Simon M Hutchinson
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, UK
| | - Debapriya Mondal
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
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Sankoda K, Ishikawa S, Sekiguchi K. Levels and Compositions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Rainwater and Their Implication for Aquatic Environments in Urban Area in Saitama, Japan. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1950781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Sankoda
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Saeka Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sekiguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
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Jabali Y, Iaaly A, Millet M. Environmental occurrence, spatial distribution, and source identification of PAHs in surface and groundwater samples of Abou Ali River-North Lebanon. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:714. [PMID: 34637012 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper assesses the concentrations, spatial distribution, compositional patterns, and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the dissolved aqueous phase along the Abou Ali River course. The 16 priority PAHs, listed by the USEPA, were investigated in surface- and groundwater samples for 2 years starting August 2015 and ending in March 2017. Statistical analysis was done by using the ANOVA test at p < 0.05. The spatial distribution analysis and illustration were done using the ARC GIS software. The total PAHs concentration in surface and groundwater samples varied between not detected to 15.162 ng mL-1 and not detected to 0.635 ng mL-1, respectively. The highest concentration of PAHs in surface water was observed at site S16, downstream of the river. However, the absence of PAHs was noticed at sites S1 and S2 of the upstream. The contamination levels of PAHs were found to be high in surface water samples, and low in groundwater samples. The 5- and 6-ring PAHs were the most abundant species among others in surface water samples, whereas the 3-ring PAHs were the most abundant in groundwater. Pyrogenic inputs deriving from fuel combustion, incineration, and miscellaneous burning were found to be the main PAH sources in surface and groundwater without ignoring the contribution of petrogenic inputs in some areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Jabali
- Institut de Chimie Et Procedes Pour L'Energie, L'Environnement Et La Sante (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS), Groupe de Physico-Chimie de L'Atmosphere, Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Balamand, Kelhat-El Koura, Lebanon
| | - Amal Iaaly
- Geographic Information System Center, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Balamand, Kelhat-El Koura, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institut de Chimie Et Procedes Pour L'Energie, L'Environnement Et La Sante (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS), Groupe de Physico-Chimie de L'Atmosphere, Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Souza MRR, Suzarte JS, Carmo LO, Santos E, Soares LS, Júnior ARV, Santos LGGV, Krause LC, Damasceno FC, Frena M, Alexandre MR. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three environmental components from a tropical estuary in Northeast Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112726. [PMID: 34343757 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of occurrence, risk quotient (RQ), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and sources of PAH was conducted in Sergipe-Poxim estuarine system. PAH distribution that ranged from 7.1 to 30.9 ng L-1 (surface water, SW), 5.4 to 19.5 ng g-1 (sediment, S), and 4.3 to 18.1 ng g-1 (oyster, O), characterized the environment with low contamination; 2-3 (SW), 5-6 (S), and 4 (O) PAH rings accounted for 54.5%, 68.7%, and 87.7%, respectively, along with naphthalene (SW), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (S), and pyrene (O) as the prevailing compounds. PCA suggested the predominance of particular groups related to SW (LMW-PAH), S (HMW-PAH), and O (pyrene and fluoranthene). Furthermore, one sample of O presented a high PAH bioavailability as shown through the BAF, with emphasis on pyrene (BAF = 26.8). The RQ showed a low to moderate range in SW and S; hence, in-depth information about the possible toxic effect in organisms of this region is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel R R Souza
- Tiradentes University, Industrial Biotechnology Graduate Program, Aracaju, Sergipe SE 49032-490, Brazil.
| | - Jaiane S Suzarte
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Laiane O Carmo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ewerton Santos
- Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Science, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
| | - Laiane S Soares
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio R V Júnior
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lukas G G V Santos
- Sergipe Technology Research Institute, Aracaju, Sergipe, SE 49020-380, Brazil
| | - Laiza C Krause
- Tiradentes University, Industrial Biotechnology Graduate Program, Aracaju, Sergipe SE 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Flaviana C Damasceno
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Morgana Frena
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Chemistry Department, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Alexandre
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil; Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Science, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
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Goto Y, Nakamuta K, Nakata H. Parent and alkylated PAHs profiles in 11 petroleum fuels and lubricants: Application for oil spill accidents in the environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112644. [PMID: 34425534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Eleven types of petroleum fuels and lubricants including regular gasoline, premium gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, light oil, bunker A, bunker A-white, bunker A-low sulfur, bunker C, quench oil and lubricant samples were analyzed for parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Naphthalene was the predominant compound in gasolines, jet fuel and kerosene, constituting > 95% of the parent PAHs, whereas dibenzothiophene and other high molecular weight PAHs were predominant in bunker A and bunker C. PAH compositions in petroleum fuels differ because of differences in their refining temperatures and the boiling points of individual PAHs. Principal component analysis classified into four groups of petroleum fuels. Further, oil samples were clearly separated into five groups based on their ratios of select alkyl homologs (C0/(C0+C1) and C4/(C2+C4) naphthalenes): 'gasolines' 'light oil' 'bunker oils' 'kerosene' and 'quench oil'. A wide variety and detailed profiles of PAHs in petroleum fuels and lubricants in this study can be used for baseline data in oil fingerprinting analyses to identify the potential source of oil spill accidents in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Goto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakamuta
- Fukuoka City Institute of Health and Environment, 2-1-34 Jigyohama, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 810-0065, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakata
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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Yu H, Liu Y, Han C, Fang H, Weng J, Shu X, Pan Y, Ma L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters from the seven main river basins of China: Spatial distribution, source apportionment, and potential risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141764. [PMID: 32898799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report long-term measurements of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) collected from the surface waters of seven river basins across China. The spatial distribution, source apportionment, and potential risk assessment of 16 USEPA designated PAHs were reviewed. Water samples were collected from the Songhua River Basin (SRB), Yangtze River Basin (YtRB), Yellow River Basin (YRB), Pearl River Basin (PRB), Huai River Basin (HuRB), Liao River Basin (LRB), and Hai River Basin (HRB). Our results show that the total PAH concentration in the surface waters from primary river basins ranged from 99.60 to 3805.00 ng/L in the dry season with a geometric mean value of 797.96 ng/L, and from 235.84 to 11,812.20 ng/L in the wet season with a geometric mean value of 820.75 ng/L. In the river basins examined, the geometric concentration of Σ16PAHs ranged from 215.50 ng/L to 1969.91 ng/L, with a median value of 837.73 ng/L. In the decreasing order across seven river basins, the geometric mean Σ16PAHs content varied as: SRB (1969.91 ng/L) > LRB (1155.87 ng/L) > YRB (884.06 ng/L) > PRB (837.73 ng/L) > HuRB (559.10 ng/L) > HRB (261.84 ng/L) > YtRB (215.50 ng/L). Moreover, the total PAH concentration was slightly lower in the dry season than in the wet season. The pollution level of PAHs in North China was higher than in South China. No discernible temporal trend was observed in Σ16PAHs observed in China during the past decade. Overall, PAHs designated for priority control measures were Nap, Phe, and Flu; as 2- and 3-ring PAHs were the dominant compounds in the river basins, accounting for 33.7% and 36.9% of the total PAHs, respectively. Source analysis revealed that coal and biomass combustion were the main contributors to PAHs in the river basins, accounting for about 40% of the total. The geometric mean concentrations of individual PAH, including BaP, BaA, BbF, BkF, Ind, and DaA in some water samples exceeded the environmental quality standards of both China and the United States. According to metrics describing eco-toxicity from water contamination, the river basin was at moderate risk in YtRB, YRB, PRB, HuRB, and HRB, but at high risk in SRB and LRB, suggesting that targeted control measures or remedial actions should be undertaken to decrease PAH contamination in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Changxu Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Han Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junhe Weng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingquan Shu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuwei Pan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Limin Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Honda M, Mukai K, Nagato E, Uno S, Oshima Y. Correlation between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Wharf Roach ( Ligia spp.) and Environmental Components of the Intertidal and Supralittoral Zone along the Japanese Coast. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E630. [PMID: 33451067 PMCID: PMC7828494 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in wharf roach (Ligia spp.), as an environmental indicator, and in environmental components of the intertidal and supralittoral zones were determined, and the PAH exposure pathways in wharf roach were estimated. Wharf roaches, mussels, and environmental media (water, soil and sand, and drifting seaweed) were collected from 12 sites in Japan along coastal areas of the Sea of Japan. PAH concentrations in wharf roaches were higher than those in mussels (median total of 15 PAHs: 48.5 and 39.9 ng/g-dry weight (dw), respectively) except for samples from Ishikawa (wharf roach: 47.9 ng/g-dw; mussel: 132 ng/g-dw). The highest total PAH concentration in wharf roach was from Akita (96.0 ng/g-dw), followed by a sample from Niigata (85.2 ng/g-dw). Diagnostic ratio analysis showed that nearly all PAHs in soil and sand were of petrogenic origin. Based on a correlation analysis of PAH concentrations between wharf roach and the environmental components, wharf roach exposure to three- and four-ring PAHs was likely from food (drifting seaweed) and from soil and sand, whereas exposure to four- and five-ring PAHs was from several environmental components. These findings suggest that the wharf roach can be used to monitor PAH pollution in the supralittoral zone and in the intertidal zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Honda
- Botanical Garden, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Koki Mukai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.O.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Edward Nagato
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, 1060 Nishitsugawa-machi, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan;
| | - Seiichi Uno
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan;
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.O.)
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Dey S, Ballav P, Samanta P, Mandal A, Patra A, Das S, Mondal AK, Ghosh AR. Time-Dependent Naphthalene Toxicity in Anabas testudineus (Bloch): A Multiple Endpoint Biomarker Approach. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:317-326. [PMID: 33458483 PMCID: PMC7807757 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyaromatic compounds are the major, widespread contaminants in the aquatic environment. However, the adverse impacts of these compounds on blood pathophysiology (hematological profiling and serum biochemical responses) are poorly understood. As a consequence, this study was intended to evaluate the toxic effects of naphthalene, one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, on the blood pathophysiology of Anabas testudineus using multiple end-point biomarker approach. A. testudineus was exposed to short-term (1 and 5 d) and long-term (10, 15, and 21 d) naphthalene concentrations, that is, T1 (0.71 mg/L indicates 25% of LC50) and T2 (1.42 mg/L indicates 50% of LC50 value). The results disclosed significant decrease in red blood cells, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume, and platelet levels, while other blood parameters, namely, white blood cells, percent lymphocyte, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular Hb, and mean corpuscular Hb concentration showed enhanced levels under naphthalene intoxication. Results were more detrimental under T2 concentration. Cholesterol, glucose, calcium, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels gradually increased throughout the different exposure periods under T1 and T2 concentrations, while the triglyceride level gradually decreased during exposure periods. Finally, integrated biomarker responses (IBR) analysis indicated that serum biochemical parameters are more powerful than hematological parameters for determining the naphthalene-induced fish health status. Additionally, the IBR study clearly identified that long-term (>5 d) exposure was more harmful than short-term (<5 d) naphthalene exposure. So, these responses may be derived as biomarkers for monitoring naphthalene pollution in an aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhendu Dey
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Puspita Ballav
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Palas Samanta
- Department
of Environmental Science, Sukanta Mahavidyalaya, University of North Bengal, Dhupguri 735210, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghya Mandal
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Atanu Patra
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhas Das
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Kumar Mondal
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department
of Environmental Science, The University
of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
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Dey S, Ballav P, Mandal A, Samanta P, Patra A, Das S, Mondal AK, Ghosh AR. Blood Biochemical and Erythrocytic Morpho-pathological Consequences of Naphthalene Intoxication in Indian Teleost, Anabas testudineus (Bloch). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 80:103490. [PMID: 32911098 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anabas testudineus (Bloch) was exposed to 0.71 mg/L and 1.42 mg/L (25 and 50% of LC50 value respectively) naphthalene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), for 21 days. Blood biochemical parameters and erythrocytic morphological alterations were assessed to describe the naphthalene toxicity. Biochemical analysis showed a significant increase in glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT (576.7 ± 11.79 and 608.9 ± 12.08 U/L, respectively) and alkaline phosphatase, ALP (12.9 ± 0.69 and 13.4 ± 0.64 U/L, respectively) activities under two doses compared with control. Protein and albumin (ALB) content in blood decreased significantly, in comparison with control value in the tune of 22.67 ± 1.04 and 23.97 ± 1.24 g/dl, respectively and 10.7 ± 0.79 and 11.1 ± 0.67 g/dl, respectively. Erythrocytes showed varied symptomatic morphological changes under naphthalene exposure, which included severe denaturation, swelling in cells, appearance of sickle and tear drop cells, and cellular vacuolation. In particularly, the changes were more prominent under higher naphthalene exposure. Following the results, it has been able to establish that GPT, ALP, protein and ALB, and the morphological manifestations of erythrocytes would be good tools of biomarker in monitoring toxicological paradigm, especially to naphthalene exposure in aquatic bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhendu Dey
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Puspita Ballav
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arghya Mandal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Palas Samanta
- Department of Environmental Science, Sukanta Mahavidyalaya, University of North Bengal, Dhupguri, West Bengal, India.
| | - Atanu Patra
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subhas Das
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arnab Kumar Mondal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Chen J, Liao J, Wei C. Coking wastewater treatment plant as a sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and ecological risk assessment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7833. [PMID: 32398695 PMCID: PMC7217903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated in sediments of Maba River, a major tributary of Beijiang River (South China). A total of 13 samples from Maba River and its tributary, Meihua River, were analyzed for 16 PAHs. The total concentration of 16 PAHs (ΣPAH) in high and low water period ranged between 47.61 to 25480.98 ng g-1, with a mean concentration of 4382.98 ng g-1, and 60.30 to 15956.62 ng g-1 with a mean concentration of 3664.32 ng g-1, respectively. Three-ring and four-ring PAHs were the dominant species. It was concluded that a pattern of pyrolytic input as a major source of PAHs in sediments through the molecular ratio method for the source identification, such as HMW/LMW PAHs, Flu/(Flu+Pyr), IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP) and BaA/(BaA+Chr). It is suggested that the pollution emission from the iron and steel plant might be the most important sources of PAHs into Maba River water system. The threat of PAHs contamination to biota of the river was assessed using effect range low (ERL) and effect range median (ERM) values, which suggested that PAHs in Maba River and its tributary had already caused ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Liao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
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12
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Ozaki N, Kindaichi T, Ohashi A. PAHs emission source analysis for air and water environments by isomer ratios - Comparison by modified Cohen's d. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136831. [PMID: 32006780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Possible emission sources of PAHs in air and water environments were discussed by a comparison between the data sets of emission sources and environmental fields using five isomer ratios. The similarity of a pair of the datasets of different sources or environment fields for each isomer ratio was evaluated by a newly developed modified effect size d, and the mean of those for the five isomer ratios was applied as an index of similarity. From the analysis, diesel emission and/or biomass burning residues were considered to be major emission sources for almost all the datasets of environments. The pollution loading and path to the PAHs loading of coastal sediments in Hiroshima bay area were examined and it was inferred emission sources was consistently assigned by these newly developed indicators of isomer ratios. Diesel and/or biomass burning were considered to be major sources for the west side area of the bay and the biomass burning was considered to be for the east side area. Further, it was evaluated the west side area, which confronts the Hiroshima city downtown area more directly, was more similar to diesel, and the east side area, which is a bit remoted to the urban central was more similar to the biomass burning. This newly developed method would be a promising alternative application of isomer ratio analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriatsu Ozaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Kindaichi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ohashi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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13
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Honda M, Suzuki N. Toxicities of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Aquatic Animals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1363. [PMID: 32093224 PMCID: PMC7068426 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that are widely distributed in the air, water, and soil. Recently, the amount of PAHs derived from fuels and from incomplete combustion processes is increasing. In the aquatic environment, oil spills directly cause PAH pollution and affect marine organisms. Oil spills correlate very well with the major shipping routes. Furthermore, accidental oil spills can seriously impact the marine environment toxicologically. Here, we describe PAH toxicities and related bioaccumulation properties in aquatic animals, including invertebrates. Recent studies have revealed the toxicity of PAHs, including endocrine disruption and tissue-specific toxicity, although researchers have mainly focused on the carcinogenic toxicity of PAHs. We summarize the toxicity of PAHs regarding these aspects. Additionally, the bioaccumulation properties of PAHs for organisms, including invertebrates, are important factors when considering PAH toxicity. In this review, we describe the bioaccumulation properties of PAHs in aquatic animals. Recently, microplastics have been the most concerning environmental problem in the aquatic ecosystem, and the vector effect of microplastics for lipophilic compounds is an emerging environmental issue. Here, we describe the correlation between PAHs and microplastics. Thus, we concluded that PAHs have a toxicity for aquatic animals, indicating that we should emphasize the prevention of aquatic PAH pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Honda
- Botanical Garden, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
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14
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Mon EE, Phay N, Agusa T, Bach LT, Yeh HM, Huang CH, Nakata H. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Road Dust Collected from Myanmar, Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 78:34-45. [PMID: 31781792 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-019-00693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust from Myanmar, Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam. PAHs were detected in urban and rural areas of Myanmar at mean concentrations of 630 ng/g dry weight and 200 ng/g dry weight, respectively. PAHs were also detected in road dust from Vietnam (mean 1700 ng/g) and Taiwan (2400 ng/g). PAH diagnostic ratios suggested that fossil fuel vehicular exhaust and biomass combustion are major sources of PAHs in road dust in Myanmar. Road dust samples from Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam had similar PAH diagnostic ratios, implying that PAH sources are similar. We assessed the human health risks posed by PAHs in road dust using carcinogenic equivalents (CEQs) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR). Mean CEQs were decreased in the order Taiwan (173 ng/g) > Vietnam (162 ng/g for Hanoi) > Myanmar (42 and 31 ng/g for Yangon and Pathein, respectively) > Japan (30 ng/g for Kumamoto). Benz[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene, the predominant PAHs, contributed > 70% of total CEQs. High ILCR values were found for Taiwan (5.9 × 10-4 and 9.9 × 10-4 for children and adults, respectively) and Vietnam (6.5 × 10-4 and 9.2 × 10-4 for children and adults, respectively, in Hanoi), indicating that PAHs in road dust pose cancer risks to the inhabitants of Taiwan and Hanoi. To our knowledge, this is the first report to identify PAH pollution in the environment and to evaluate the human health risks of these PAHs in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ei Ei Mon
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Nyunt Phay
- Pathein University, Ayeyarwady Region, Pathein, Myanmar
| | - Tetsuro Agusa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan
| | - Leu Tho Bach
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hsin-Ming Yeh
- Fisheries Research Institute, 199 Hou-Ih Road, Keelung, 20246, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Huei Huang
- Fisheries Research Institute, 199 Hou-Ih Road, Keelung, 20246, Taiwan
| | - Haruhiko Nakata
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
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15
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Endo S, Yoshimura M, Kumata H, Uchida M, Yabuki Y, Nakata H. Reduced bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments impacted by carbon manufacturing plant effluent: Evaluation by ex situ passive sampling method. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113448. [PMID: 31676096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Potential risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of a Japanese bay contaminated by carbon manufacturing plant effluent were evaluated by calculating toxicity units (TUs). TUs calculated from the measured whole-sediment concentrations (Cwhole) were often higher than or close to 1, signaling a possible toxicity concern to benthic organisms. In contrast, TUs based on the freely dissolved pore water concentrations (Cfree) measured by an ex-situ passive sampling method with polyethylene strips were 0.0007-0.005, much lower than 1, indicating no effect. We also found that the fractions of black carbon in sediments of the contaminated bay were significantly higher than those of reference sites. Overall, we conclude that carbon manufacturing plant effluent substantially increases Cwhole of PAHs in sediments but also increases the fraction of carbonaceous particles that strongly retain PAHs. As a combined result, bioavailable concentrations (as expressed by pore water Cfree) of PAHs do not increase as much as Cwhole. The results of this study indicate that ecotoxicological risks of PAH contamination by carbon manufacturing plants should be evaluated by directly measuring pore water Cfree instead of Cwhole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan.
| | | | - Hidetoshi Kumata
- School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Uchida
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yabuki
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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16
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Bak SM, Nakata H, Koh DH, Yoo J, Iwata H, Kim EY. In vitro and in silico AHR assays for assessing the risk of heavy oil-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:214-223. [PMID: 31195230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, marine fish in Kesennuma Bay, Japan, have been contaminated with heavy oil containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). To estimate the risk of six PAHs (benzo[α]pyrene, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene, 2,3,5-trimethylnaphthalene, acenaphthene, and 1-methylphenanthrene), which have been detected at high levels in the tissues of fish from Kesennuma Bay, we attempted to evaluate the effects of these PAHs on the fish aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. We initially measured PAH concentrations and cytochrome P4501A catalytic activities (EROD: ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and MROD: methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase) as markers of AHR activation in greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) collected from Kesennuma Bay in 2014. The results showed that alkylated PAH concentrations and EROD/MROD activities were higher in sites close to the oil-spilled sites than in the control site, suggesting AHR activation by spilled alkylated PAHs. We then investigated AHR-mediated responses to these PAHs in the in vitro reporter gene assay system where red seabream (Pagrus major) AHR1 (rsAHR1) or rsAHR2 expression plasmids were transiently transfected into COS-7 cells. The in vitro assay showed rsAHR isoform-, PAH-, and dose-dependent transactivation potencies. The relative effective concentrations of benzo[α]pyrene, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene, 2,3,5-trimethylnaphthalene, acenaphthene, and 1-methylphenanthrene that induce 20% of the maximum benzo[α]pyrene response (REC20-BaP) for rsAHR1 activation were 0.052, 38, 79, 88, 270 nM, and no response, respectively, and those for rsAHR2 activation were 0.0049, 32, 53, 88, 60 nM, and no response, respectively. The results showed that the REC20-BaP values of benzo[α]pyrene for both the rsAHR1 and rsAHR2 isoforms were lower than the concentrations (0.041-0.20 nM) detected in the muscle tissue of fish from Kesennuma Bay, while the REC20-BaP values of other PAHs were higher than their tissue concentrations. In silico rsAHR homology modeling and subsequent ligand docking simulation analyses indicated that the rsAHR activation potencies of PAHs could be predicted from a rsAHR2 model. This study shows that in vitro and in silico rsAHR analyses may be a useful tool for assessing the risks to fish contaminated with PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Bak
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Haruhiko Nakata
- Faculty of the Advanced Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Dong-Hee Koh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University,26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jean Yoo
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University,26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Matsuo Y, Miyawaki T, Kadokami K, Nakai K, Tatsuta N, Nakata H, Matsumura T, Nagasaka H, Nakamura M, Sato K, Tobo KI, Kakimoto R, Someya T, Ueno D. Development of a novel scheme for rapid screening for environmental micropollutants in emergency situations (REPE) and its application for comprehensive analysis of tsunami sediments deposited by the great east Japan earthquake. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:39-47. [PMID: 30807912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tsunami triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011, the strongest quake ever recorded in Japan, deposited tsunami sediments along the coastline of the affected area. Because the sediments contained a wide variety of hazardous chemicals, including organic micropollutants, a method for rapidly evaluating the environmental and human health risks of such chemicals is necessary. For this purpose, we propose a novel three-step scheme designated "rapid screening for environmental micropollutants in emergency situations (REPE)". In the first step, samples are subjected to target screening analysis using an automated identification and quantification system (TSA-AIQS) involving gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the second step, the chemicals detected by TSA-AIQS analysis are quantified precisely by conventional target analysis. The third step is risk assessment of the target chemicals. TSA-AIQS analysis of the tsunami sediments detected 63 substances, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (both native and alkylated PAHs) at high concentrations. These PAHs were precisely quantified by target analysis, and the concentrations were used to assess the health risks posed by oral intake, which were found to be negligible. Our results suggest that the REPE scheme will be useful for rapid, comprehensive screening and risk assessment in emergency situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsuo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Saga University, Japan
| | | | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Nakai
- Department of Development and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Japan
| | - Nozomi Tatsuta
- Department of Development and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakata
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Toru Matsumura
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants, Inc., Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Risa Kakimoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Saga University, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Ueno
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Saga University, Japan.
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18
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Ji R, Pan L, Guo R, Zheng L, Zhang M. Using multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach to assess marine quality and health status of marine organism: a case study of Ruditapes philippinarum in Laizhou Bay, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9916-9930. [PMID: 30737722 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-04082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the progress of technology and the deepening of understanding of biological monitoring, much more attention has been paid to the multiple evaluation of marine pollution monitoring. In view of this, our study aimed at establishing a multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach to evaluate marine condition systematically and comprehensively. In the current study, sampling was conducted in Laizhou Bay, China (S1, S2, and S3) in May, August, and October of 2015. And then, multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach was applied to assess marine PAHs pollution, select appropriate biomarkers, and evaluate marine environmental quality and health status of the clams of Ruditapes philippinarum. As the results showed, S2 was the most PAHs-polluted site while S1 was the least polluted site, and the levels of tPAHs in seawater and sediments ranged from 69.78 to 315.30 ng/L and 163.19 to 565.17 ng/g d.w., respectively. And all three sampling sites had different sources of PAHs. IBR represented DNA damage (F value), the expression of SOD, EROD activity, GST activity, and LPO could be served as biomarkers to monitor the PAHs pollution in Laizhou Bay. And MPI suggested the quality of all three sites: S1 was generally favorable, S2 was moderately polluted, and S3 was lightly polluted. BRI values showed that the order of health status of R. philippinarum was S1 > S3 > S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongwang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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19
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Thompson LA, Darwish WS. Environmental Chemical Contaminants in Food: Review of a Global Problem. J Toxicol 2019; 2019:2345283. [PMID: 30693025 PMCID: PMC6332928 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2345283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination by chemicals from the environment is a major global food safety issue, posing a serious threat to human health. These chemicals belong to many groups, including metals/metalloids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), radioactive elements, electronic waste, plastics, and nanoparticles. Some of these occur naturally in the environment, whilst others are produced from anthropogenic sources. They may contaminate our food-crops, livestock, and seafood-and drinking water and exert adverse effects on our health. It is important to perform assessments of the associated potential risks. Monitoring contamination levels, enactment of control measures including remediation, and consideration of sociopolitical implications are vital to provide safer food globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesa A. Thompson
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Wageh S. Darwish
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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20
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Kofi ED, Roberta AA, Joseph A, Gilbert AE, Dodoo D. Seasonal Variation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Contamination in Crassostrea tulipa (Oysters) and Sediments in Three Ghanaian Coastal Ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/rjes.2018.63.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Li S, Chen Y, Zhang J, Song K, Mu G, Sun C, Ju H, Ji M. The relationship of chromophoric dissolved organic matter parallel factor analysis fluorescence and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in natural surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1428-1438. [PMID: 29090443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a large group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have caused wide environmental pollution and ecological effects. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), which consists of complex compounds, was seen as a proxy of water quality. An attempt was made to understand the relationships of CDOM absorption parameters and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) components with PAHs under seasonal variation in the riverine, reservoir, and urban waters of the Yinma River watershed in 2016. These different types of water bodies provided wide CDOM and PAHs concentration ranges with CDOM absorption coefficients at a wavelength of 350 nm (a CDOM(350)) of 1.17-20.74 m-1 and total PAHs of 0-1829 ng/L. CDOM excitation-emission matrix (EEM) presented two fluorescent components, e.g., terrestrial humic-like (C1) and tryptophan-like (C2) were identified using PARAFAC. Tryptophan-like associated protein-like fluorescence often dominates the EEM signatures of sewage samples. Our finding is that seasonal CDOM EEM-PARAFAC and PAHs concentration showed consistent tendency indicated that PAHs were un-ignorable pollutants. However, the disparities in seasonal CDOM-PAH relationships relate to the similar sources of CDOM and PAHs, and the proportion of PAHs in CDOM. Overlooked and poorly appreciated, quantifying the relationship between CDOM and PAHs has important implications, because these results simplify ecological and health-based risk assessment of pollutants compared to the traditional chemical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ya'nan Chen
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Kaishan Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academic Science, Changchun, 130102, China.
| | - Guangyi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academic Science, Changchun, 130102, China
- School of Life Science, Institute of Grass Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hanyu Ju
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Meichen Ji
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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22
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A Chemical Synthesis of Benzo[ a]pyrene Hapten and Its Application in a Streptavidin-Horseradish Peroxidase-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunological Analysis. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/8673476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A specific BaP hapten was synthesized and BaP antigens (immunogen, coating antigen) were prepared using diverse methods. Based on these works, a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase-based enzyme-linked immunological analysis was developed and firstly used to detect BaP. Several physiochemical factors that may influence the assay performance were optimized in the assay. Under optimal conditions, a detection limit of 0.0094 ng mL−1 was obtained and good linearity was achieved within a range of 0.03–35.40 ng mL−1. Satisfactory recovery of spiked samples (91.12–109.23%) was obtained and the coefficient of variation was acceptable. Finally, the detection results of BaP in environmental and food samples were consistent with those obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography. The proposed immunoassay is reliable and has great potential for detecting trace amounts of BaP.
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23
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Sarkar A, Bhagat J, Saha Sarker M, Gaitonde DCS, Sarker S. Evaluation of the impact of bioaccumulation of PAH from the marine environment on DNA integrity and oxidative stress in marine rock oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) along the Arabian sea coast. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1105-1116. [PMID: 28755287 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine pollution due to oil spills is of great concern globally for their impact on the health of marine ecosystems. We assessed the genotoxic effects and oxidative stress due to genotoxic pollutants accumulated from the ambient marine environment in the tissues of marine rock oyster, Saccostrea cucullata along the Arabian Sea coast around Goa, India. The extent of DNA damage in S. cucullata was determined by comet assay as variation of comet parameter: mean % tail DNA along the coast with respect to that at the reference site (Tiracol, Goa, India). In addition, the oxidative stress responses of rock oysters exposed to marine pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were assessed as a function of variation in antioxidant enzyme activities such as glutathione-s-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) along the coast. Spearman correlation analysis showed significant correlation between different components of PAHs (viz., 2-3-PAH, 4-6-PAH and oxy-PAH) in the tissues of the rock oysters and the antioxidant enzyme activities. The antioxidant enzyme activities in S. cucullata increased with increasing concentrations of PAHs in tissues in the following order of sampling sites: Tiracol < Arambol < Betul < Velsao. Among the PAHs, oxy-PAH was found to be most predominant in causing DNA damage in S. cucullata. These results provide an insight into environmental genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by PAHs along the Arabian Sea coast, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sarkar
- Chemical Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
- Global Enviro-Care, Caranzalem, Kevnem, Goa, 403002, India.
| | - Jacky Bhagat
- Chemical Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Munmun Saha Sarker
- Global Enviro-Care, Caranzalem, Kevnem, Goa, 403002, India
- Rabindra Bharati University, Emerald Bower Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 050, India
| | - Dipak C S Gaitonde
- Global Enviro-Care, Caranzalem, Kevnem, Goa, 403002, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Government Polytechnic College, Panaji, Goa, 403001, India
| | - Subhodeep Sarker
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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24
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Li S, Zhang J, Guo E, Zhang F, Ma Q, Mu G. Dynamics and ecological risk assessment of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the Yinma River Watershed: Rivers, reservoirs, and urban waters. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:245-254. [PMID: 28662450 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing in ecological risk assessment from a spatiotemporal perspective complements ecological environment management. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), which is a complex mixture of organic matter that can be estimated via remote sensing, carries and produces carcinogenic disinfection by-products and organic pollutants in various aquatic environments. This paper reports the first ecological risk assessment, which was conducted in 2016, of CDOM in the Yinma River watershed including riverine waters, reservoir waters, and urban waters. Referring to the risk formation theory of natural disaster, the entropy evaluation method and DPSIR (driving force-pressure-state-impact-response) framework were coupled to establish a hazard and vulnerability index with multisource data, i.e., meteorological, remote sensing, experimental, and socioeconomic data, of this watershed. This ecological vulnerability assessment indicator system contains 23 indicators with respect to ecological sensitivity, ecological pressure, and self-resilience. The characteristics of CDOM absorption parameters from different waters showed higher aromatic content and molecular weights in May because of increased terrestrial inputs. The assessment results indicated that the overall ecosystem risk in the study area was focused in the extremely, heavily, and moderately vulnerable regions. The ecological risk assessment results objectively reflect the regional ecological environment and demonstrate the potential of ecological risk assessment of pollutants over traditional chemical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Department of Environment, School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- Department of Environment, School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Enliang Guo
- Department of Environment, School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Environment, School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Department of Environment, School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Guangyi Mu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, Institute of Grass Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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25
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Singh P, Ojha A, Borthakur A, Singh R, Lahiry D, Tiwary D, Mishra PK. Emerging trends in photodegradation of petrochemical wastes: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22340-22364. [PMID: 27566154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Various human activities like mining and extraction of mineral oils have been used for the modernization of society and well-beings. However, the by-products such as petrochemical wastes generated from such industries are carcinogenic and toxic, which had increased environmental pollution and risks to human health several folds. Various methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods have been used to degrade these pollutants from wastewater. Advance oxidation processes (AOPs) are evolving techniques for efficient sequestration of chemically stable and less biodegradable organic pollutants. In the present review, photocatalytic degradation of petrochemical wastes containing monoaromatic and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons has been studied using various heterogeneous photocatalysts (such as TiO2, ZnO and CdS. The present article seeks to offer a scientific and technical overview of the current trend in the use of the photocatalyst for remediation and degradation of petrochemical waste depending upon the recent advances in photodegradation of petrochemical research using bibliometric analysis. We further outlined the effect of various heterogeneous catalysts and their ecotoxicity, various degradation pathways of petrochemical wastes, the key regulatory parameters and the reactors used. A critical analysis of the available literature revealed that TiO2 is widely reported in the degradation processes along with other semiconductors/nanomaterials in visible and UV light irradiation. Further, various degradation studies have been carried out at laboratory scale in the presence of UV light. However, further elaborative research is needed for successful application of the laboratory scale techniques to pilot-scale operation and to develop environmental friendly catalysts which support the sustainable treatment technology with the "zero concept" of industrial wastewater. Nevertheless, there is a need to develop more effective methods which consume less energy and are more efficient in pilot scale for the demineralization of pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India.
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
| | - Ankita Ojha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anwesha Borthakur
- Centre for Studies in Science Policy, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rishikesh Singh
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development (IESD), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - D Lahiry
- Rajghat Education Centre, KFI, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Dhanesh Tiwary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
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26
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Jang YL, Lee HJ, Jeong HJ, Park SY, Yang WH, Kim HY, Kim GB. Restoration and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after the Wu Yi San oil spill, Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 111:463-467. [PMID: 27381986 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
On January 31, 2014, an oil spill accident occurred in Yeosu, South Korea. A total 800-899kl of oil from the pipeline was spilled into the sea. After the oil spill, the KIOST (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology) researched PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in various media, but sedimentary PAHs were not analyzed despite their longer persistency than in other media. Therefore, this study examined PAH levels in intertidal sediments around Gwangyang Bay and identified PAH sources using oil fingerprinting. PAH residual levels showed a dramatic decrease during the four months after the accident and then remained at a relatively constant level. Analysis through regression equations indicate that this study area is likely to be restored to the PAH levels prior to the accident. Furthermore, the source analysis and oil fingerprinting analysis showed that PAH contamination in this study was unlikely to have originated from the spilled oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lee Jang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
| | - He Jin Jeong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Yeong Park
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Yang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Yun Kim
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Beum Kim
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Luo W, Gao J, Bi X, Xu L, Guo J, Zhang Q, Romesh KY, Giesy JP, Kang S. Identification of sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on concentrations in soils from two sides of the Himalayas between China and Nepal. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:424-432. [PMID: 26900777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Himalayas, 77 soil samples were collected from the northern side of the Himalayas, China (NSHC), and the southern side of the Himalayas, Nepal (SSHN), based on altitude, land use and possible trans-boundary transport of PAHs driven by wind from Nepal to the Tibetan Plateau, China. Soils from the SSHN had mean PAH concentration greater than those from the NSHC. Greater concentrations of PAHs in soils were mainly distributed near main roads and agricultural and urban areas. PAHs with 2-3 rings were the most abundant PAHs in the soils from the Himalayas. Concentrations of volatile PAHs were significantly and positively correlated with altitude. Simulations of trajectories of air masses indicated that distributions of soil PAH concentrations were associated with the cyclic patterns of the monsoon. PAH emissions from traffic and combustion of biomass or coal greatly contributed to concentrations of PAHs in soils from the Himalayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jiajia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Tibet Climatic Center, Lhasa, 850001, China
| | - Xiang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Junming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Qianggong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100085, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kumar Y Romesh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu, 6250, Nepal
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Shichang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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28
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Hezhong Y, Enlou Z, Qi L, Rong W, Enfeng L. Sources appointment and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of Erhai Lake, a low-latitude and high-altitude lake in southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:4430-4441. [PMID: 26507728 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed from the surficial sediments in Erhai Lake, a plateau lake in China. The results showed that except for acenaphthylene (Ace) Ace and Dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA), the central region contained individual PAHs at concentrations lower than those in other lake regions. Total concentration of the PAHs (ΣPAHs) in the sediments from Erhai Lake ranged from 32.42 to 558.53 mg/kg with a mean value of 256.70 mg/kg. The maximum value of ΣPAHs was observed in the north region of the lake and more than 10-fold higher than the minimum values. Moreover, high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs, especially 5-ring PAHs, accounted for higher ratios up to 76 % relative to other PAHs compound in almost all sampling sites. Molecular diagnostic ratios including anthtacene (Ant)/(Ant + phenanthrene (Phe)), fluoranthene (Flt)/(Flt + pyrene (Pyr)), benz(a)anthracene (BaA)/(BaA + chrysene (Chr)), and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IPY)/(IPY + benz(g,h,i)perylene (BPE)) were recorded at all sampling sites and indicated that the origin of PAHs in Erhai Lake was predominately pyrolytic. Furthermore, principal component analysis with component dominating by HMW PAHs showed that combustion origins were the primary contamination sources of PAHs in the sediments of Erhai Lake. Finally, ecological risk assessment indicated that the sediments from Erhai Lake are exposed to potential low risk for ΣPAHs, and the ecological risk decreases in the order of northern region > southern region > central region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hezhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhang Enlou
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Lin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wang Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liu Enfeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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29
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Tavakoly Sany SB, Narimani L, Soltanian FK, Hashim R, Rezayi M, Karlen DJ, Mahmud HNME. An overview of detection techniques for monitoring dioxin-like compounds: latest technique trends and their applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11442c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are considered as persistent bioaccumulative toxicants with a number of continuing issues in the fields of ecotoxicology and bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leila Narimani
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | | | - Rosli Hashim
- Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - David J. Karlen
- Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County
- Tampa
- USA
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30
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Li JY, Cui Y, Su L, Chen Y, Jin L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the largest deepwater port of East China Sea: impact of port construction and operation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12355-12365. [PMID: 25903171 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PAHs were analyzed for samples of seawater, sediment, and oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) collected from Yangshan Port, East China between 2012 and 2013. Concentrations of ∑PAHs in seawater (180-7,700 ng/L) and oyster (1,100-29,000 ng/g dry weight (dw)) fell at the higher end of the global concentration range, while sediment concentrations (120-780 ng/g dw) were generally comparable to or lower than those reported elsewhere. PAHs in the particulate phase accounted for 85% (52-93%) of the total PAHs in seawater. Congener profile analysis revealed that PAHs in waters originate mainly from petrogenic sources, while high-temperature combustion processes are the predominant sources for sediment. ∑PAHs in oyster well correlated with ∑PAHs in the particulate phase, suggesting particle ingestion as an important pathway for bioaccumulation of PAHs. Cancer risk assessment of PAHs in oyster indicated high human health risks posed by these chemicals to the coastal population consuming this seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Pudong, China
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31
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Lv J, Xu J, Guo C, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Meng W. Spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water from Liaohe River Basin, northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:7088-7096. [PMID: 24554296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Liaohe River Basin is an important region in northeast China, which consists of several main rivers including Liao River, Taizi river, Daliao River, and Hun River. As a highly industrialized region, the basin receives dense waste discharges, causing severe environmental problems. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of aqueous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Liaohe River Basin from 50 sampling sites in both dry (May) and level (October) periods in 2012 was investigated. Sixteen USEPA priority PAHs were quantified by gas chromatography/mass selective detector. The total PAH concentration ranged from 111.8 to 2,931.6 ng/L in the dry period and from 94.8 to 2766.0 ng/L in the level period, respectively. As for the spatial distribution, the mean concentration of PAHs followed the order of Taizi River > Daliao River > Hun River > Liao River, showing higher concentrations close to large cities with dense industries. The composition and possible sources of PAHs in the water samples were also determined. The fractions of low molecular weight PAHs ranged from 58.2 to 93.3 %, indicating the influence of low or moderate temperature combustion process. Diagnostic ratios, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to study the possible source categories in the study area, and consistent results were obtained from different techniques, that PAHs in water samples mainly originated from complex sources, i.e., both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalents (EBaP) characterizing the ecological risk of PAHs to the aquatic environment suggested that PAHs in Liaohe River Basin had already caused environmental health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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