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Wu Y, Qi M, Yu H, Li G, An T. Assessment of internal exposure risk from metals pollution of occupational and non-occupational populations around a non-ferrous metal smelting plant. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 147:62-73. [PMID: 39003077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Non-ferrous metal smelting poses significant risks to public health. Specifically, the copper smelting process releases arsenic, a semi-volatile metalloid, which poses an emerging exposure risk to both workers and nearby residents. To comprehensively understand the internal exposure risks of metal(loid)s from copper smelting, we explored eighteen metal(loid)s and arsenic metabolites in the urine of both occupational and non-occupational populations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with high-performance liquid chromatography and compared their health risks. Results showed that zinc and copper (485.38 and 14.00 µg/L), and arsenic, lead, cadmium, vanadium, tin and antimony (46.80, 6.82, 2.17, 0.40, 0.44 and 0.23 µg/L, respectively) in workers (n=179) were significantly higher compared to controls (n=168), while Zinc, tin and antimony (412.10, 0.51 and 0.15 µg/L, respectively) of residents were significantly higher than controls. Additionally, workers had a higher monomethyl arsenic percentage (MMA%), showing lower arsenic methylation capacity. Source appointment analysis identified arsenic, lead, cadmium, antimony, tin and thallium as co-exposure metal(loid)s from copper smelting, positively relating to the age of workers. The hazard index (HI) of workers exceeded 1.0, while residents and control were approximately at 1.0. Besides, all three populations had accumulated cancer risks exceeding 1.0 × 10-4, and arsenite (AsIII) was the main contributor to the variation of workers and residents. Furthermore, residents living closer to the smelting plant had higher health risks. This study reveals arsenic exposure metabolites and multiple metals as emerging contaminants for copper smelting exposure populations, providing valuable insights for pollution control in non-ferrous metal smelting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengdie Qi
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhu X, Beiyuan J, Ju W, Qiu T, Cui Q, Chen L, Chao H, Shen Y, Fang L. Inoculation with Bacillus thuringiensis reduces uptake and translocation of Pb/Cd in soil-wheat system: A life cycle study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174032. [PMID: 38885714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Microbial inoculation is an important strategy to reduce the supply of heavy metals (HMs) in soil-crop systems. However, the mechanisms of microbial inoculation for the availability of HMs in soil and their accumulation/transfer in crops remain unclear. Here, the inhibitory effect of inoculation with Bacillus thuringiensis on the migration and accumulation of Pb/Cd in the soil-wheat system during the whole growth period was investigated by pot experiments. The results showed that inoculation with Bacillus thuringiensis increased soil pH and available nutrients (including carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus), and enhanced the activities of nutrient-acquiring enzymes. Dominance analysis showed that dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the key factor affecting the availability of HMs. The content of colored spectral clusters and humification characteristics of DOM were significantly improved by inoculation, which is conducive to reducing the availability of Pb/Cd, especially during the flowering stage, the decrease was 12.8 %. Inoculation decreased Pb/Cd accumulation in the shoot and the transfer from root to shoot, with the greatest decreases at the jointing and seedling stages (27.0-34.1 % and 6.9-11.8 %), respectively. At the maturity stage, inoculation reduced the Pb/Cd accumulation in grain (12.9-14.7 %) and human health risk (4.1-13.2 %). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the availability of Pb/Cd was positively correlated with the humification of DOM. Least square path model analysis showed that Bacillus thuringiensis could significantly reduce Pb/Cd accumulation in the grain and human health risks by regulating DOM spectral characteristics, the availability of HMs in soil and metals accumulation/transport in wheat at different growth stages. This study revealed the inhibition mechanism of Bacillus thuringiensis on migration of Pb/Cd in a soil-wheat system from a viewpoint of a full life cycle, which offers a valuable reference for the in-situ remediation of HM-contaminated soil and the safe production of food crops in field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingzi Beiyuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenliang Ju
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qingliang Cui
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Herong Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yufang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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3
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Priya K, Roy AC, Prasad A, Kumar P, Ghosh I. Naringenin Against Cadmium Toxicity in Fibroblast Cells: An Integrated Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Metabolomics Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39105392 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium, a heavy metal, disrupts cellular homeostasis and is highly toxic, with no effective treatments currently available against its toxicity. According to studies, phytochemicals provide a promising strategy for mitigating cadmium toxicity. Naringenin (NG), a potent antioxidant found primarily in citrus fruits, showed protective properties against cadmium toxicity in rats. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of cadmium cytotoxicity in fibroblasts remains unknown. This study evaluated NG against cadmium (CdCl2) toxicity utilizing network pharmacology and in silico molecular docking, and was further validated experimentally in rat fibroblast F111 cells. Using network pharmacology, 25 possible targets, including the top 10 targets of NG against cadmium, were identified. Molecular docking of interleukin 6 (IL6), the top potential target with NG, showed robust binding with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 58.76 μM, supporting its potential therapeutic potential. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that "response to reactive oxygen species" and "negative regulation of small molecules metabolic process" were the topmost pathways targeted by NG against cadmium. In vitro analysis showed that NG (10 μM) attenuated CdCl2-induced oxidative stress by reducing altered intracellular ROS, mitochondrial mass, and membrane potential. Also, NG reversed CdCl2-mediated nuclear damage, G2/M phase arrest, and apoptosis. GC/MS-based metabolomics of F111 cells revealed CdCl2 reduced cholesterol levels, which led to alterations in primary bile acid, steroid and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways, whereas, NG restored these alterations. In summary, combined in silico and in vitro analysis suggested that NG protected cells from CdCl2 toxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and metabolic pathway alterations, providing a comprehensive understanding of its protective mechanisms against cadmium-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Priya
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashim Chandra Roy
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav Prasad
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ilora Ghosh
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Zhang J, Sun X, Wu Q, Deng J, Li Z, Wen M, Xu L, Gu Y, Han T, Feng L, Duan L. Emission characteristics of lead and particulate matter from lead and zinc smelters in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135224. [PMID: 39029187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the emission characteristics of particulate matter and associated heavy metals is essential for assessing their environmental and health impacts post-emission, as well as for identifying potential control technologies for the sources. Here, a field test was conducted at two advanced smelting plants equipped with comprehensive air pollution control devices. The particles emitted from different stages of lead and zinc smelting exhibited bi-modal size distributions, with peaks observed in PM0.1-1.0 and PM2.5-10, respectively. Particulate-bound Pb was identified as the predominant Pb species in the flue gas, primarily originating from ore crushing. Consequently, over 80 % of Pb was emitted in the form of coarse particles, a marked contrast to coal-fired power plants where Pb concentrated on fine particles. High efficiencies in Pb removal were achieved by dust collectors, flue gas purification systems, and acid plants with desulfurization systems, resulting in overall Pb emission factors in lead and zinc smelting were only 89.3 and 2.60 g t-1 (of metal production), respectively. Importantly, the contribution of gas-phase Pb, which accounts for approximately 16.6 % of total emissions, must not be neglected in future emission monitoring and control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingru Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jianguo Deng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Minneng Wen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liwen Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongzheng Gu
- Guodian Power Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Han
- CHN Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
| | - Lei Feng
- CHN Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
| | - Lei Duan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
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5
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Machunguene M, Guilundo SV, Oliveira RS, Martins CM, Quilambo OA. Assessment of heavy metals and human health risk associated with the consumption of crops cultivated in industrial areas of Maputo, Mozambique. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38733327 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2349478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals concentrations in soils and vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, and cassava) cultivated at Matola and Beluluane Industrial Parks, and to assess health risks linked to their consumption through estimated daily intake, hazard index (HI), and incremental lifetime cancer risk. Concentrations of Al, As, Co, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined in the two sites. Soil concentrations of As at Beluluane site and As, Cd, and Cr at Matola site exceeded reference limits of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization, showing heavy metal contamination. At Beluluane site, all studied vegetables presented As and Pb levels higher than reference limits, Cd concentrations were higher than the reference limit in cabbage, lettuce, and cassava leaves. At Matola site crops concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb exceeded the reference limits. Zinc exceeded the reference limit in all crops except in cabbage. HIs for vegetables from Beluluane exceeded 1.0 in cabbage (2.66), lettuce (2.27), and cassava leaves (2.37). Likewise, at Matola, HIs exceeded 1.0 in lettuce (1.67), cassava leaves (1.65), and root tubers (13). We found that vegetables cultivated in industrial parks present high carcinogenic risk due to heavy metal contamination, rendering them unsuitable for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Machunguene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sónia V Guilundo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Rui S Oliveira
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia M Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Orlando A Quilambo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
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Gong Y, Ren W, Zhang Z. Migration Patterns and Potential Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in the Soil-Plant System in the Production Area of the Chinese Medicinal Herb Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. TOXICS 2024; 12:355. [PMID: 38787134 PMCID: PMC11125832 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. holds a prominent place among Chinese medicinal herbs. Assessing the soil-plant system of its origin is crucial for ensuring medication safety. Although some trace elements are essential for the normal functioning of living organisms, exposure to higher concentrations is harmful to humans, so in order to assess the possible health risk of trace elements in the soil-plant system of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. origin for human assessment, we used non-carcinogenic risk (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) for their evaluation. In this paper, the following trace elements were studied in the soil-Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. system: manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb). Correlation and structural equation analyses showed that the effect of soil in the root zone on the plant was much greater than the effect of soil in the non-root zone on the plant. The single-factor pollution index (Pi) showed that the soil in the production area of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. was polluted to a certain extent, notably with Pb showing the highest average Pi values of 0.94 and 0.89 in the non-root and root zones, respectively. Additionally, the Nemerow composite pollution indices (PN) for both zones indicated an alert range. Regarding health risks, exposure to soil in the non-root zone posed higher non-carcinogenic risk (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) compared to the root zone, although neither zone presented a significant carcinogenic risk. The potential non-carcinogenic risk (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) from consuming Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. leaves and stems were more than ten times higher than that of roots. However, the carcinogenic risk (CR) values for both the soil and plant of interest in the soil- Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. system did not exceed 10-4, and therefore no significant carcinogenic risk existed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.G.); (W.R.)
| | - Wei Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.G.); (W.R.)
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering/Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Field Scientific Observatory of Karst Environment and Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
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Mao L, Ren W, Tang Y, Liu X, He M, Sun K, Zhang BT, Lin C, Ouyang W. Comprehensive insight into mercury contamination in atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems surrounding a typical antimony-coal mining district. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133880. [PMID: 38430592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigated mercury (Hg) contents of various environmental compartments in a typical antimony-coal mining area with intensive industrial activities over the past 120 years to analyze Hg environmental behaviors and evaluate Hg risks. The total mercury (THg) contents in river water, sediments, soils, PM10, dust falls, vegetables and corns were 1.16 ± 0.63 µg/L, 2.01 ± 1.64 mg/kg, 1.87 ± 3.88 mg/kg, 7.87 ± 18.68 ng/m3, 13.01 ± 14.53 mg/kg, 0.30 ± 0.34 mg/kg and 3.11 ± 0.51 µg/kg, respectively. The δ202Hg values in soils and dust falls were - 1.58 ∼ 0.12‰ and 0.25 ∼ 0.30‰, respectively. Environmental samples affected by industrial activities in the Xikuangshan (XKS) presented higher THg and δ202Hg values. Binary mixing model proved that atmospheric deposition with considerable Hg deposition flux (0.44 ∼ 6.40, 3.12 ± 2.20 mg/m2/y) in the XKS significantly contributed to Hg accumulations on surface soils. Compared with soils, sediments with more frequent paths and higher burst probabilities presented higher dynamic Hg risks. Children were faced higher health risk of multiple Hg exposure than adults. Furthermore, the health risk of THg by consuming leaf vegetables deserved more attention. These findings provided scientific basis for managing Hg contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenbo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550081 Guiyang, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Mengchang He
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bo-Tao Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
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Xu ZL, Xu DM, Li HX, Li HK, Fu RB. The longevity evaluation of multi-metal stabilization by MgO in Pb/Zn smelter-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28153-28165. [PMID: 38528219 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The re-mobilization risks of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) during stabilization deserve to be considered. In this study, artificial simulation evaluation methods based on the environmental stress of freeze-thaw (F-T), acidification and variable pH were conducted to assess the long-term effectiveness of PTEs stabilized by MgO in Pb/Zn smelter contaminated soils. Among common stabilizing materials, MgO was considered as the best remediation material, since PTEs bioavailability reduced by 55.48% for As, 19.58% for Cd, 10.57% for Cu, and 26.33% for Mn, respectively. The stabilization effects of PTEs by MgO were best at the dosage of 5 wt%, but these studied PTEs would re-mobilize after 30 times F-T cycles. Acid and base buffering capacity results indicated that the basicity of contaminated soils with MgO treatment reduced under F-T action, and the leached PTEs concentrations would exceed the safety limits of surface water quality standard in China (GB3838-2002) after acidification of 2325 years. No significant changes were found in the pH-dependent patterns of PTEs before and after F-T cycles. However, after F-T cycles, the leaching concentrations of PTEs increased due to the destruction of soil microstructure and the functionality of hydration products formed by MgO, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energydispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDS) results. Hence, these findings would provide beneficial references for soil remediation assessments of contaminated soils under multi-environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Mao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
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Upadhyay V, Kumari A, Kumar S. From soil to health hazards: Heavy metals contamination in northern India and health risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141697. [PMID: 38484997 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination in soil is a global concern affecting the environment with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems and the health of human beings. Heavy metals contamination of soil entails a significant threat to the environment and human health. This research paper focuses on the quantification of heavy metals contamination in soil in Kanpur district, a highly industrialized and densely populated region in India. The study was aimed to identify the sources of heavy metals, map their spatial distribution, and evaluate the potential implications on the environment and human well-being. The prime intent of the current study was quantification of heavy metals in the soil as well as the comparison of risk on the health of human being using two different methods i.e., US EPA methodology for risk assessment and epidemiological study-based risk assessment. Heavy metals like Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Cd were analyzed in agricultural samples of soil with the help of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. On the basis of epidemiological data, the attributable and relative risk came out to be 0.001 and 1.060, respectively. On the basis of the calculation of Cr alone, the values of carcinogenic risk for adults came out to be 3.87 × 10-7 and for children it was 3.01 × 10- 6. In conclusion, this research paper highlights the alarming levels of heavy metals contamination in the soil of Kanpur district, emphasizing the urgent need for remediation and mitigation efforts, thereby guiding policy makers and stakeholders in developing targeted strategies for soil protection and safeguarding human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidisha Upadhyay
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India.
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Xu D, Wang Z, Tan X, Xu H, Zhu D, Shen R, Ding K, Li H, Xiang L, Yang Z. Integrated assessment of the pollution and risk of heavy metals in soils near chemical industry parks along the middle Yangtze River. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170431. [PMID: 38301773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Industrialization in riparian areas of critical rivers has caused significant environmental and health impacts. Taking eight industrial parks along the middle Yangtze River as examples, this study proposes a multiple-criteria approach to investigate soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological and health risks posed by industrial activities. Aiming at seven heavy metals, the results show that nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) exhibited the most significant accumulation above background levels. The comprehensive findings from Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and industrial investigation uncover the primary sources of Cd, arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) to be chemical processing, while Ni and chromium (Cr) are predominantly derived from mechanical and electrical equipment manufacturing. In contrast, Cu exhibits a broad range of origins across various industrial processes. Soil heavy metals can cause serious ecological and carcinogenic health risks, of which Cd and Hg contribute to >70 % of the total ecological risk, and As contributes over 80 % of the total health risk. This study highlights the importance of employing multiple mathematical and statistical models in determining and evaluating environmental hazards, and may aid in planning the environmental remediation engineering and optimizing the industry standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xu
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zejun Wang
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Tan
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haohan Xu
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dongbo Zhu
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ruili Shen
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kang Ding
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongcheng Li
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Luojing Xiang
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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11
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Li M, Yao J, Wang Y, Sunahara G, Duran R, Liu J, Liu B, Liu H, Ma B, Li H, Pang W, Cao Y. Contrasting response strategies of sulfate-reducing bacteria in a microbial consortium to As 3+ stress under anaerobic and aerobic environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133052. [PMID: 38056257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The sulfate-reducing efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen, but little is known about the oxygen tolerance mechanism of SRB and the effect of oxygen on the metalliferous immobilization by SRB. The performance evaluation, identification of bioprecipitates, and microbial and metabolic process analyses were used here to investigate the As3+ immobilization mechanisms and survival strategies of the SRB1 consortium under different oxygen-containing environments. Results indicated that the sulfate reduction efficiency was significantly decreased under aerobic (47.37%) compared with anaerobic conditions (66.72%). SEM analysis showed that under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the morphologies of mineral particles were different, whereas XRD and XPS analyses showed that the most of As3+ bioprecipitates under both conditions were arsenic minerals such as AsS and As4S4. The abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Desulfovibrio, and Thiomonas anaerobic bacteria were significantly higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions, whereas the aerobic Pseudomonas showed an opposite trend. Network analysis revealed that Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with Pseudomonas. Metabolic process analysis confirmed that under aerobic conditions the SRB1 consortium generated additional extracellular polymeric substances (rich in functionalities such as Fe-O, SO, CO, and -OH) and the anti-oxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase to resist As3+ stress and oxygen toxicity. New insights are provided here into the oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanism of SRB and provide a basis for the future remediation of heavy metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yating Wang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Jianli Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Houquan Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wancheng Pang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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12
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Liu X, Peng C, Zhou Z, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xiao X. Impacts of land use/cover and slope on the spatial distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in soils affected by smelting emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:53. [PMID: 38110584 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The soil contamination around smelting sites shows high spatial heterogeneity. This study investigated the impacts of distance, land use/cover types, land slopes, wind direction, and soil properties on the distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in the soil around a copper smelter. The results demonstrated that the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were 248.0, 16.8, 502.4, 885.6, and 250.2 g mg kg-1, respectively, higher than their background values. The hotspots of trace metals were primarily distributed in the soil of smelting production areas, runoff pollution areas, and areas in the dominant wind direction. The concentrations of trace metals decreased with the distance to the smelting production area. An exponential decay regression revealed that, depending on the metal species, the influence distances of smelting emissions on trace metals in soil ranged from 450 to 1000 m. Land use/cover types and land slopes significantly affected trace element concentrations in the soil around the smelter. High concentrations of trace metals were observed in farmland, grassland, and flatland areas. The average concentrations of trace metals in the soil decreased in the order of flat land > gentle slope > steep slope. Soil pH values were significantly positively correlated with Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As, and SOM was significantly positively correlated with Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soil. Trace metals in the soil of the study area posed a significant ecological risk. The primary factors influencing the distribution of ecological risk, as determined by the Ctree analysis, were land slope, soil pH, and distance to the source. These results can support the rapid identification of high-risk sites and facilitate risk prevention and control around smelting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Ziruo Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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13
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Chot E, Medicherla KM, Reddy MS. Comparative transcriptome analysis of ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus albus in response to individual and combined stress of copper and cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118616-118633. [PMID: 37917254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
An ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus albus establishes the natural symbiosis with plant roots on extreme heavy metal (HM)-rich soil and enables their survival in toxic metal concentrations. Understanding P. albus key genes and pathways behind strong metal tolerance is crucial for its successful application in the rehabilitation of metal-contaminated barren lands. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the whole transcriptome profile of P. albus under individual and combined metal stress of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd). At 480 µM Cu and 16 µM Cd toxic concentrations, P. albus has shown growth and survival and accumulated high metal (1.46 µg Cu and 1.13 µg Cd per mg of dry mycelia). The study found a stronger response of P. albus to single-metal stress in high concentration as compared to multi-metal stress in relatively lower concentration. Hence, the intensity of fungal response to HM stress is mainly determined by the metal concentration involved in stress. We have found a total of 11 pathways significantly associated with HM stress, among which amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolisms were highly affected. The functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes has shown the induced biosynthesis of arginine, melanin, metal chelating agents, membrane phospholipids, fatty acids, folate, pantothenate, ergothioneine, and other antioxidant agents; upregulation of zinc ion uptake, potassium transporters, and lysine degradation; and reduction of phosphatidylcholine degradation, incorrect protein folding, iron uptake, and potassium efflux as the top efficient tolerance mechanisms of P. albus against HM stress. The current study would contribute to understanding fungal HM tolerance and its further utilization in the bioremediation of metal-contaminated abandoned lands. The validation of RNA-sequencing analysis with RT-qPCR of selected genes showed the high credibility of the presented data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eetika Chot
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | | | - Mondem Sudhakara Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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14
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Liu W, Min X, Zhao J, Zhao S. Pilot-Scale Experimental Investigation on Dry Capture of Mercury and SO 3 in Smelting Gas of Acid Making. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42741-42747. [PMID: 38024732 PMCID: PMC10652368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel dry capture process utilizing a mixed adsorbent of ZnO and CuS was proposed for the simultaneous removal of Hg0 and SO3 in flue gas from zinc smelting, addressing severe mercury pollution and high SO3 concentrations. The experimental results showed that flue gas cooling caused the SO3 to transform into sulfuric acid mist, which changed the reaction mechanism from a gas-solid to a liquid-solid reaction and helped to improve the SO3 removal efficiency. Additionally, properly increasing the absorbent/SO3 molar ratio significantly improved the SO3 removal performance. However, excessive absorbent injection could cause aggregation and uneven dispersion of the absorbent particles in the flue gas, therefore impairing the effectiveness of SO3 capture. Under typical operating conditions (flue gas flow rate of 3500 m3/h, flue gas temperature of 180 °C, ZnO/SO3 molar ratio of 0.74, and residence time of 0.5 s), using a mixed absorbent of ZnO and CuS achieved an SO3 removal efficiency of up to 32.6%, and a total mercury capture at 43.2%, of which the Hg0 removal attained a remarkable 76.3%. These results preliminarily confirm the feasibility of the dry capture technology for simultaneous removal of SO3 and mercury, laying the foundation for further application and promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Jiangsu
Environmental Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China
- Jiangsu
Provincial Environmental Protection Group Co. Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, China
- Jiangsu
Province Engineering Research Center of Standardized Construction
and Intelligent Management of Industrial Parks, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China
| | - Xin Min
- School
of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001, PR China
| | - Jin Zhao
- School
of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001, PR China
| | - Songjian Zhao
- School
of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001, PR China
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15
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Tang H, Hassan MU, Nawaz M, Yang W, Liu Y, Yang B. A review on sources of soil antimony pollution and recent progress on remediation of antimony polluted soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115583. [PMID: 37862748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a serious toxic and non-essential metalloid for animals, humans, and plants. The rapid increase in anthropogenic inputs from mining and industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and shoot activity increased the Sb concentration in the environment, which has become a serious concern across the globe. Hence, remediation of Sb-contaminated soils needs serious attention to provide safe and healthy foods to humans. Different techniques, including biochar (BC), compost, manures, plant additives, phyto-hormones, nano-particles (NPs), organic acids (OA), silicon (Si), microbial remediation techniques, and phytoremediation are being used globally to remediate the Sb polluted soils. In the present review, we described sources of soil Sb pollution, the environmental impact of antimony pollution, the multi-faceted nature of antimony pollution, recent progress in remediation techniques, and recommendations for the remediation of soil Sb-pollution. We also discussed the success stories and potential of different practices to remediate Sb-polluted soils. In particular, we discussed the various mechanisms, including bio-sorption, bio-accumulation, complexation, and electrostatic attraction, that can reduce the toxicity of Sb by converting Sb-V into Sb-III. Additionally, we also identified the research gaps that need to be filled in future studies. Therefore, the current review will help to develop appropriate and innovative strategies to limit Sb bioavailability and toxicity and sustainably manage Sb polluted soils hence reducing the toxic effects of Sb on the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Mohsin Nawaz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wenting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Binjuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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16
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Li C, Yang Z, Yu T, Jiang Z, Huang Q, Yang Y, Liu X, Ma X, Li B, Lin K, Li T. Cadmium accumulation in paddy soils affected by geological weathering and mining: Spatial distribution patterns, bioaccumulation prediction, and safe land usage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132483. [PMID: 37683340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal enrichment of cadmium (Cd) in soil caused by rock weathering and mining activities is an issue in southern China. Although the soil Cd content in these regions is extremely high, the bioavailability of Cd in the soils differs significantly. The carbonate area (CBA) and tin-mining area (TIA) in Hezhou City were investigated to determine the primary features of soil Cd mobility in these regions and improve environmental management. Lateral and vertical spatial distributions revealed different accumulation and migration mechanisms of soil Cd in the CBA and TIA. Further analyses revealed that mining activities and geological weathering resulted in different soil geochemical parameters, thus yielding significantly lower levels of Cd in rice grains in the CBA than in the TIA. The random forest (RF) model predicted the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) (R2 = 0.69) better than the support vector machine (SVM) model (R2 = 0.68). Subsequently, a novel land management scheme was proposed based on soil Cd and the prediction of Cd in rice to optimize the spatial resources of agricultural land and ensure the safety of rice for consumption. This study provides a novel approach for land management in Cd-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Jiang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China.
| | - Qibo Huang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Yeyu Yang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Xu Liu
- Ministry Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xudong Ma
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kun Lin
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tengfang Li
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
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17
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Arisekar U, Shalini R, Sundhar S, R Sangma S, Bharathi Rathinam R, Albeshr MF, Alrefaei AF, Chanikya Naidu B, Kanagaraja A, M D S, J SP. De-novo exposure assessment of heavy metals in commercially important fresh and dried seafood: Safe for human consumption. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116672. [PMID: 37453502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metals (HMs) in seafood are alarming due to their biomagnification in the food chain. The concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, and Ni in both fresh and dried fish were quantified, and the potential exposure and safe intake levels for human consumption were assessed by the European Commission (EC) and the Food Safety Standard Authority of India (FSSAI). HMs concentrations ranged from 0.003 mg/kg (Cr) to 2.08 mg/kg for (As) and 0.007 mg/kg (Hg) to 2.76 mg/kg (As). Cd, Hg, and Pb levels in fresh and dried fish were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by the EC and FSSAI, which were 0.1 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. Cr and As concentrations were also below the MRLs of 12 mg/kg and 76 mg/kg for aquatic products specified by FSSAI. The concentration of HMs in fresh and dried fish was found in the order of As > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd > Hg and As > Cd > Cr > Ni > Pb > Hg, while the fresh and dried fishes contained HMs in the following order: E. areolatus > S. longiceps > L.lentjen > S. barracuda > E. affinis > S. javus and DA > DS > DR > DB > DSF. The metal pollution index (MPI) validates seafood is HMs free, while the single (Pi) and Nemerow integrated pollution index (Pnw) indicate that concentrations of Cd and As in fresh and dried fish have exceeded the threshold value. The target hazard quotient (THQ<1), hazard index (HI < 1), and target cancer risk (TCR<10-4) indicate that there are no non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks through the consumption of seafood and seafood products collected from the Tuticorin coast and marketed at the domestic and international levels. The preliminary findings emphasize the importance of formulating domestic legislation/government initiatives to promote seafood and its consumption. The attainment of this objective shall be facilitated by examining the levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in seafood and evaluating its potential risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulaganathan Arisekar
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rajendran Shalini
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shanmugam Sundhar
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shannon R Sangma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Hazaribagh, 825405, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Mohammed F Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O.Box.2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O.Box.2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anantharaja Kanagaraja
- Regional Research Centre of ICAR - Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bengaluru, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - Sahana M D
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saranya Packialakshmi J
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University (KHU), 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Chen J, Wang L, Liang X, Li B, He Y, Zhan F. An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus differentially regulates root traits and cadmium uptake in two maize varieties. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115458. [PMID: 37690173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotic fungi that colonize plant roots, and they are more common in Cd-polluted habitats. However, there is limited understanding of the response of root traits and cadmium (Cd) uptake to AMF in different crop varieties. Two maize varieties, Panyu 3 and Ludan 8, with high and low Cd uptake capacities, respectively, were cultivated as host plants in a pot experiment with Cd-polluted soil (17.1 mg/kg Cd). The effects of AMF on the growth, mineral nutrient concentration, root traits, phytohormone concentrations and Cd uptake of the two maize varieties and their comprehensive response to AMF fungal inoculation were investigated. AMF improved growth, mineral nutrient levels and root morphology and increased lignin and phytohormone concentrations in roots and Cd uptake in the two maize varieties. However, the two maize varieties, Panyu 3 and Ludan 8, had different responses to AMF, and their comprehensive response indices were 753.6% and 389.4%, respectively. The root biomass, branch number, abscisic acid concentrations, lignin concentrations and Cd uptake of maize Panyu 3 increased by 151.1%, 28.6%, 139.7%, 99.5% and 84.7%, respectively. The root biomass, average diameter, auxin concentration, lignin concentration and Cd uptake of maize Ludan 8 increased by 168.7%, 31.8%, 31.4%, 41.7% and 136.7%, respectively. Moreover, Cd uptake in roots presented very significant positive correlations with the average root diameter and abscisic acid concentration. A structural equation model indicated that the root abscisic acid concentration and root surface area had positive effects on Cd uptake by the Panyu 3 maize roots; the root abscisic acid concentration and root tip number had positive effects on Cd uptake by the Ludan 8 maize roots. Thus, AMF differentially regulated Cd uptake in the two maize varieties, and the regulatory effect was closely related to root traits and phytohormone concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinran Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongmei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Fangdong Zhan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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19
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Albrektienė-Plačakė R, Bazienė K, Gargasas J. Investigation on Applying Biodegradable Material for Removal of Various Substances (Fluorides, Nitrates and Lead) from Water. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6519. [PMID: 37834656 PMCID: PMC10573546 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Sapropel was used as a biodegradable material for water treatment. Sapropel is a sedimentary layer of a mix of organic and inorganic substances accumulated in the bottoms of lakes for thousands of years. It is a jelly-like homogeneous mass and has properties of sorption. Sapropel is used as a biosorbent and an environment-friendly fertiliser, and it is used in building materials and in the beauty industry as well. In water, there are abundant various solutes that may cause a risk to human health. Such substances include fluorides, nitrates and lead in different sources of water. The goal of this investigation is to explore and compare the efficiencies of removal of different pollutants (fluorides, nitrates and lead) from aqueous solutions upon using sapropel as a sorbent. In this research, various doses of sapropel (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 g/L) and various mixing times (15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min) were used for removal of fluorides, nitrates and lead from aqueous solutions. It was found that the maximum efficiency (up to 98.57%) of lead removal from aqueous solutions by sapropel was achieved when the minimum doses of it (0.1 and 0.5 g/L) were used. The most efficient removal of fluorides (64.67%) was achieved by using 200 g/L of sapropel and mixing for 120 min. However, sapropel does not adsorb nitrates from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramunė Albrektienė-Plačakė
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Kristina Bazienė
- Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Justinas Gargasas
- Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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20
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Lestiani DD, Syahfitri WYN, Adventini N, Kurniawati S, Damastuti E, Santoso M, Biswas B, Mukhtar R. Impacts of a lead smelter in East Java, Indonesia: degree of contamination, spatial distribution, ecological risk, and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1165. [PMID: 37676510 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the characteristics of potentially toxic elements in soils collected from the vicinity of a lead smelter in East Java, Indonesia. The objective is to assess the impact of the lead smelter on the surrounding soil. The study involves chemical composition analysis, spatial distribution mapping, and potential ecological and health risk assessments. Soil samples were collected from the surface area (0-10 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) within radii of 1.5 km, 3 km, and 5 km from the lead smelter. The samples were analyzed for As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the sources of potentially toxic elements in the soil. The results indicate severe Pb contamination within a 1.5 km radius of the smelter, with an average contamination factor (Cf) value of 22.0, posing a high potential health risk. The contamination factor indicated that the soils were heavily polluted by As and Pb and moderately polluted by Cu, Ni, and Zn. The results of PCA showed that smelter releases are the main source of potentially toxic element contamination in the soil, accounting for 66.2%. The health risk assessment suggested that the children and adults in the study region were exposed to non-carcinogenic risks caused by As and Pb. Oral ingestion was identified as the primary exposure route impacting health risks. The carcinogenic risk from potentially toxic elements in soil was found to exceed the acceptable level for children and adults in the study region. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to take effective measures, including designing regulations and interventions, and improving lead smelter management to mitigate potential contamination and minimize the impact of lead smelter releases on the surrounding environment, especially to protect human health, particularly that of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diah Dwiana Lestiani
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Woro Yatu Niken Syahfitri
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Natalia Adventini
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Syukria Kurniawati
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Endah Damastuti
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Muhayatun Santoso
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Biplab Biswas
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India
| | - Rita Mukhtar
- Center for Standardization of Environmental Quality Instrument, Agency for Standardization of Environmental and Forestry Instrumentation, Ministry of Environmental and Forestry, Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong, Indonesia
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21
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Hasimuna OJ, Chibesa M, Mumbula I, Mphande J, Jere WWL, Phiri D, Nawanzi K, Siavwapa S, Maseko AF, Munganga BP, Nchima G, Khalil HS, Maulu S. Contamination of selected heavy metals in Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger, 1906) in the four strata of Lake Kariba Zambia: are the consumers at risk? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:521-529. [PMID: 37458264 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2235262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of aquatic ecosystems is one of the major challenges affecting many countries of the world. Heavy metal pollutants, in particular, threaten the life of aquatic organisms (fauna and flora) and, more importantly, humans who consume aquatic products as a critical source of proteins. In the present study, the concentrations of selected heavy metals (cobalt- Co, Chromium-Cr, nickel- Ni and manganese- Mn) in Limnothrissa miodon, locally known as 'Kapenta' were assessed using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP AES) 4200 at the Zambia Agricultural Research Institute (ZARI). The fish was collected from Lake Kariba, Zambia, which is divided into four fisheries management strata (I, II, III, and IV). The health risks to consumers were evaluated using the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the difference in the means of heavy metal concentration across the four strata for each element. The concentrations of all the heavy metal elements were within the permissible limits considered to be safe for human consumption based on the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards. However, the concentration of individual heavy metal elements varied significantly across the strata with stratum I and II showing higher levels in general except for Mn which was highest in stratum II and III compared with the other strata. Furthermore, Mn concentration was the highest in all the strata and the highest concentration was observed in the fish from stratum II. The EDIs, THQs and HIs of each heavy metal element did not show any threat to consumers of the fish from the lake. Further studies are required to better understand the potential sources of heavy metals and to regularly monitor existing activities that may elevate the concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Hasimuna
- National Aquaculture Research and Development Centre, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Kitwe, Zambia
- Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Moses Chibesa
- Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Inyambo Mumbula
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Joseph Mphande
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Ndola, Zambia
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Wilson W L Jere
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Darius Phiri
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Kundananji Nawanzi
- Department of Agriculture and Aquatic Sciences, Copperbelt University, Kapasa Makasa University Campus, Chinsali, Zambia
| | - Sillah Siavwapa
- Department of Agriculture and Aquatic Sciences, Copperbelt University, Kapasa Makasa University Campus, Chinsali, Zambia
| | - Alex F Maseko
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Brian P Munganga
- Research and Development, Centre for Innovative Approach Zambia (CIAZ), Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Gilbert Nchima
- Biochemistry and Toxicology Unit, Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Chilanga, Zambia
| | - Hala S Khalil
- Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, (NIOF), Hurghada, Egypt
| | - Sahya Maulu
- Research and Development, Centre for Innovative Approach Zambia (CIAZ), Lusaka, Zambia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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22
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Ma JY, Li WY, Yang ZY, Su JZ, Li L, Deng YR, Tuo YF, Niu YY, Xiang P. The spatial distribution, health risk, and cytotoxicity of metal(loid)s in contaminated field soils: The role of Cd in human gastric cells damage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162942. [PMID: 36940749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution and pollution level of heavy metal(loid)s in soil (0-6 m) from a typical industrial region in Jiangmen City, Southeast China was investigated. Their bioaccessibility, health risk, and human gastric cytotoxicity in topsoil were also evaluated using an in vitro digestion/human cell model. The average concentrations of Cd (87.52 mg/kg), Co (106.9 mg/kg), and Ni (1007 mg/kg) exceeded the risk screening values. The distribution profiles of metal(loid)s showed a downward migration trend to reach a depth of 2 m. The highest contamination was found in topsoil (0-0.5 m), with the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, and Ni being 46.98, 348.28, 317.44, and 2395.60 mg/kg, respectively, while Cd showed the highest bioaccessibility in the gastric phase (72.80 %), followed by Co (21.08 %), Ni (18.27 %), and As (5.26 %) and unacceptable carcinogenic risk. Moreover, the gastric digesta of topsoil suppressed the cell viability and triggered cell apoptosis, evidenced by disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increase of Cytochrome c (Cyt c) and Caspases 3/9 mRNA expression. Bioaccessible Cd in topsoil was responsible for those adverse effects. Our data suggest the importance to reduce Cd in the soil to decrease its adverse impacts on the human stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Yang Ma
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Wei-Yu Li
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zi-Yue Yang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Su
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Li Li
- Precious Metal Testing Co. LTD of Yunnan Gold Mining Group, Kunming 650215, China
| | - Yi-Rong Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yun-Fei Tuo
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - You-Ya Niu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China.
| | - Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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23
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Liu X, Zheng L, Li Z, Liu F, Obin N. Optimization of spatial prediction and sampling strategy of site contamination based on Thiessen polygon coupling interpolation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27943-w. [PMID: 37278892 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated sites pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Because of the presence of multiple peaks in the pollution data of some contaminated sites, as well as strong spatial heterogeneity and skewness in their distribution, the accuracy of spatial interpolation prediction is low. This study proposes a method for investigating highly skewed contaminated sites, which uses Thiessen polygons coupled with geostatistics and deterministic interpolation to optimize the spatial prediction and sampling strategy of sites. An industrial site in Luohe is used as an example to validate the proposed method. The results indicate that using 40 × 40 m as the minimum initial sampling unit can obtain data that is representative of the regional pollution situation. Evaluation indexes reveal that the ordinary kriging (OK) method for interpolation prediction accuracy and the radial basis function_inverse distance weighted (RBF_IMQ) method for pollution scope prediction provides the best results, which can effectively improve the spatial prediction accuracy of pollution in the study area. Each accuracy indicator is enhanced by 20-70% after supplementing 11 sampling points in the suspect region, and the identification of the pollution scope approaches 95%. This method offers a novel approach for investigating highly biased contaminated sites, which can optimize the spatial prediction accuracy of pollution and reduce economic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Liu
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Lanting Zheng
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Ecological Environment Affairs Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410014, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Ecological Environment Affairs Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410014, China.
| | - Nicolas Obin
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
- Department of Geology Engineering, Polytechnic School of Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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24
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Li C, Dong P, Yan J, Gong R, Meng Q, Yao J, Yu H, Ma Y, Liu B, Xie R. Analytical study on heavy metal output fluxes and source apportionment of a non-ferrous smelter in southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121867. [PMID: 37270050 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned Pb/Zn smelters are often accompanied by a large amount of smelting slag, which is a serious environmental problem. Previous studies have demonstrated that slag deposits pose an environmental threat even if the smelters are shut down. Herein, a Pb/Zn smelter and its impacted zone in GeJiu, Yunnan, China were selected as the study area. The risk and source apportionment of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil of the impacted zone were systematically studied. Based on the hydrogeological features, the migration path and output fluxes of the HMs released from smelting slag to the impacted zone were investigated. The HM contents (Cd, As, Zn, Pb, and Cu) in the soil substantially exceeded the screening values of the Chinese soil standard (GB15618-2018). Based on the results of the Pb isotopic and statistical analyses for source apportionment, the contaminated sites and agricultural irrigation water had a large impact on the HMs of soil. The hydrological analysis results showed that runoff, as an HM migration path under rainfall, continued to affect the environment. The water balance calculations using the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance model showed that the rainfall was distributed on site as follows: evaporation (57.35%), runoff (32.63%), and infiltration (10.02%). Finally, the output fluxes were calculated in combination with the leaching experiment. As, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu runoff had the output fluxes of 6.1 × 10-3, 4.2 × 10-3, 4.1, 1.4 × 10-2, and 7.2 × 10-4 mg/kg/y, and infiltration of 1.9 × 10-3, 1.3 × 10-3, 1.3, 4.0 × 10-4, and 2.2 × 10-4 mg/kg/y, respectively. Therefore, this study offers theoretical and scientific recommendations for effective environmental management and engineering remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Li
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Peng Dong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Faculty of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hanjing Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Yaoqiang Ma
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Faculty of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruosong Xie
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
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25
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Forghani Tehrani G, Rubinos DA, Kelm U, Ghadimi S. Environmental and human health risks of potentially harmful elements in mining-impacted soils: A case study of the Angouran Zn-Pb Mine, Iran. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 334:117470. [PMID: 36821988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The soil pollution status, levels of exposure, and potential ecological and health risks to workers and residents by potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in the Angouran mining area (Iran), the biggest Zn-Pb mine in the Middle East, were studied. To this aim, topsoil (0-5 cm) samples (n = 63) from different land-uses were analyzed for their total PHEs concentrations. Mine worker's blood analysis and in vitro digestion extractions were applied in conjunction with human health risk assessment (HHRA) to assess the potential health impacts by exposure to PHEs. The maximum PHEs total concentrations were found in the soils near the waste rock dumps. HHRA indicated that ingestion of soils may induce a non-carcinogenic risk due to As and Pb (for both age groups of children and adults), while dermal contact for children may induce the same type of risk due to Cd, and Pb. The carcinogenic risks (CRs) of As, Cd, Cr, and Ni through ingestion route were above the acceptable value of 1 × 10-4, and children may face greater health risks. The average blood Zn, Pb, and Cd levels in the mine workers largely exceeded the safe concentration for adults, while 30% of the workers were tested positive for As in blood. In vitro digestion extractions indicated that the highest bioaccessible contents of As, Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn were found for the industrial-residential and mine soils in the area, while those of Cr and Cu were observed in the agricultural use soils. This study illustrates that a combination of techniques, including geochemical analysis, in vitro bioaccessibility extractions, HHRA, and blood analysis, is a workable integrated approach for evaluating pollution and health risks in mining districts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Rubinos
- Sustainable Minerals Institute-International Centre of Excellence Chile (SMI-ICE-Chile), The University of Queensland, Australia, Av. Apoquindo 2929, 3rd Floor of. 301, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ursula Kelm
- Instituto de Geología Económica Aplicada, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Yang L, Ge S, Liu J, Iqbal Y, Jiang Y, Sun R, Ruan X, Wang Y. Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s Contamination in Topsoil around a Lead and Zinc Smelter in Henan Province, Central China. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050427. [PMID: 37235242 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A total of 137 farmland soil samples were collected around a lead/zinc smelter within 64 km2. The concentration, spatial distribution, and potential source of nine heavy metal(oid)s (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in soils and their potential ecological risk were investigated in detail. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr and Zn in these soils were higher than their background value in Henan Province, and the average content of Cd was 2.83 times of the risk screening values in the national standard of China (GB 15618-2018). According to the distribution of different heavy metal(oid)s in soils, Cd and Pb in soil decrease gradually with the increase of distance from the smelter to the surrounding area. This indicates that the Pb and Cd originate from smelters via airborne practices according to the typical air pollution diffusion model. The distribution of Zn, Cu, and As were similar to Cd and Pb. However, Ni, V, Cr, and Co were mainly affected by soil parent materials. The potential ecological risk of Cd was higher than those of other elements, and the risk grade of the other eight elements was mainly low. The polluted soils with significantly high and high potential ecological risk covered 93.84% of all the studied regions. This should be of serious concern to government. The results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) show that Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and As were the elements mainly stemmed from smelter and other types of plants, with a contribution rate of 60.08%, while Co, Cr, Ni, and V are mainly caused by nature, with a contribution rate of 26.26%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shiji Ge
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Younas Iqbal
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Ruiling Sun
- Puyang Branch of Municipal Bureau of Ecological Environment, Puyang 457100, China
| | - Xinling Ruan
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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27
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Zhang Y, Li T, Guo Z, Xie H, Hu Z, Ran H, Li C, Jiang Z. Spatial heterogeneity and source apportionment of soil metal(loid)s in an abandoned lead/zinc smelter. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:519-529. [PMID: 36522082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal smelting have brought severe metal(loid)s contamination to the soil. Spatial distribution and pollution source analysis for soil metal(loid)s in an abandoned lead/zinc smelter were studied. The results showed that soil was contaminated heavily with metal(loid)s. The mean of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and antimony (Sb) content in topsoil is 9.7, 8.2, 5.0, 2.3, and 1.2 times higher than the risk screening value for soil contamination of development land of China (GB36600-2018), respectively. Cd is mainly enriched in the 0-6 m depth of site soil while As and Pb mainly deposited in the 0-4 m layer. The spatial distribution of soil metal(loid)s is significantly correlated with the pollution source in the different functional areas of smelter. As, Hg, Sb, Pb and copper (Cu) were mainly distributed in pyrometallurgical area, while Cd, thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn) was mainly existed in both hydrometallurgical area and raw material storage area. Soil metal(loid)s pollution sources in the abandoned smelter are mainly contributed to the anthropogenic sources, accounting for 84.5%. Specifically, Pb, Tl, As, Hg, Sb and Cu mainly from atmospheric deposition (55.9%), Cd and Zn mainly from surface runoff (28.6%), While nickel (Ni) mainly comes from parent material (15.5%). The results clarified the spatial distribution and their sources in different functional areas of the smelter, providing a new thought for the risk prevention and control of metal(loid)s in polluted site soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Tianshuang Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Huimin Xie
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhihao Hu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongzhen Ran
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Changzhou Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Zeng J, Ke W, Deng M, Tan J, Li C, Cheng Y, Xue S. A practical method for identifying key factors in the distribution and formation of heavy metal pollution at a smelting site. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:552-563. [PMID: 36522085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Smelting activities are the main pathway for the anthropogenic release of heavy metals (HMs) into the soil-groundwater environment. It is vital to identify the factors affecting HMs pollution to better prevent and manage soil pollution. The present study conducted a comprehensive investigation of HMs in soil from a large abandoned Zn smelting site. An integrated approach was proposed to classify and quantify the factors affecting HMs pollution in the site. Besides, the quantitative relationship between hydrogeological characteristics, pollution transmission pathways, smelting activities and HMs pollution was established. Results showed that the soils were highly contaminated by HMs with a pollution index trend of As > Zn > Cd > Pb > Hg. In identifying the pollution hotspots, we conclude that the pollution hotspots of Pb, As, Cd, and Hg present a concentrated distribution pattern. Geo-detector method results showed that the dominant driving factors for HMs distribution and accumulation were the potential pollution source and soil permeability. Additionally, the main drivers are variable for different HMs, and the interaction among factors also enhanced soil HMs contamination. Our analysis illustrates how the confounding influences from complex environmental factors can be distilled to identify key factors in pollution formation to guide future remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenshun Ke
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jingqiang Tan
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuxuan Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yizhi Cheng
- New World Environment Protection Group of Hunan, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Asaiduli H, Abliz A, Abulizi A, Sun X, Ye P. Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risks in Different Functional Areas on the Northern Slope of the Eastern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, NW China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4843. [PMID: 36981751 PMCID: PMC10049563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In typical semi-arid areas, the timely and effective monitoring and evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution are of critical importance to prevent soil deterioration and achieve the sustainable use of soil resources. To further understand the degree of soil heavy metal pollution in different functional areas, we studied the soil heavy metal pollution on the northern slope of the eastern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. We collected 104 surface soil samples from typical commercial (A), industrial (B), and agricultural (C) areas with different land-use patterns. The contents of Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, As, and Hg in the soil of different functional areas were evaluated using the geo-accumulation index, the single-factor pollution index, and potential ecological risk. The results showed that the contents of Pb, As, and Hg in soils of different functional areas exceeded 4.47, 8.03, and 1.5 times the background values of Xinjiang soil, respectively. The average contents of Zn, Cu, and Cr were lower than the background values of Xinjiang soil. Except for As in different functional areas, the contents of the other elements in the different functional areas reached the level of soil environmental quality standards in China (GB15618-2018). The geo-accumulation index of heavy metals in different functional areas was in the order of Area C > Area A > Area B, indicating that Area C was the most polluted. The results of the single-factor pollution index showed that the pollution levels of Pb, As, and Hg were higher, and the pollution levels of Cr, Cu, and Zn were lower. The results of the potential ecological risk index showed that the northwest of Area A was higher, the southeast of Area B was more polluted, and the central and eastern parts of Area C were more polluted. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the spatial distribution characteristics of Zn and Cr elements in different functional areas are consistent, but the spatial distribution characteristics of Cu, Pb, As, and Hg in different functional areas are quite different. The high values of these four elements are mainly distributed in residential areas, factories, and metal smelters. It is necessary to divide the functional areas based on different land-use patterns, and the prevention of soil single-element and heavy metal pollution in different functional areas is reasonable for land resources and provides a scientific basis for the effective planning of quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halidan Asaiduli
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (H.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Abdugheni Abliz
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (H.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Ecological Post-Doctoral Research Station of Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Abudukeyimu Abulizi
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (H.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (H.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Panqing Ye
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (H.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Luo X, Wu C, Lin Y, Li W, Deng M, Tan J, Xue S. Soil heavy metal pollution from Pb/Zn smelting regions in China and the remediation potential of biomineralization. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:662-677. [PMID: 36375948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Smelting activities pose serious environmental problems due to the local and regional heavy metal pollution in soils they cause. It is therefore important to understand the pollution situation and its source in the contaminated soils. In this paper, data on heavy metal pollution in soils resulting from Pb/Zn smelting (published in the last 10 years) in China was summarized. The heavy metal pollution was analyzed from a macroscopic point of view. The results indicated that Pb, Zn, As and Cd were common contaminants that were present in soils with extremely high concentrations. Because of the extreme carcinogenicity, genotoxicity and neurotoxicity that heavy metals pose, remediation of the soils contaminated by smelting is urgently required. The primary anthropogenic activities contributing to soil pollution in smelting areas and the progressive development of accurate source identification were performed. Due to the advantages of biominerals, the potential of biomineralization for heavy metal contaminated soils was introduced. Furthermore, the prospects of geochemical fraction analysis, combined source identification methods as well as several optimization methods for biomineralization are presented, to provide a reference for pollution investigation and remediation in smelting contaminated soils in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Luo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yongcheng Lin
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Waichin Li
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jingqiang Tan
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Zheng Y, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Han C, Wang Z, Liu C, Ke F, Zhang L, Shen Q. Evaluation of the distribution and mobility of labile phosphorus in sediment profiles of Lake Nansi, the largest eutrophic freshwater lake in northern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137756. [PMID: 36610514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding various biogeochemical processes, especially in eutrophic sediments, necessitates fine-scale phosphorus (P) measurements in pore waters. To the best of our knowledge, the fine-scale distributions of P across the sediment profiles of Lake Nansi have rarely been investigated. Herein we evaluated the dynamic distributions of labile P and Fe across the sediment-water interface (SWI) of Lake Nansi at two-dimensional (2D) and sub-millimeter resolution, using well-established colorimetric diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) methodology. The concentrations of labile P in all investigated sediment profiles exhibited strong spatial variations, ranging from 0 to 1.50 mg/L with a considerable number of hotspots. Lake Nanyang (0.55 ± 0.21 mg/L) had the highest mean concentration of labile P, followed by Lake Dushan (0.38 ± 0.19 mg/L), Lake Weishan (0.28 ± 0.21 mg/L), and Lake Zhaoyang (0.18 ± 0.09 mg/L). The highest concentrations of labile P were always detected in Lake Dushan, which had been subjected to excessive exogenous P pollution. The co-distributions of labile P and Fe in the majority of the sediment of Lake Nansi confirmed highly positive correlations (P < 0.01), suggesting that the mobility of labile P throughout the SWI was likely governed by iron redox processes. The apparent diffusion fluxes of P across the SWI ranged from -7.7 to 33.6 μg/m2·d, with a mean value of 5.26 ± 7.80 μg/m2·d. Positive apparent fluxes for labile P were recorded in most sediment cores, demonstrating the strong upward mobility of P from the sediment to the overlying water. Our results provided accurate and extensive information regarding the micro-distribution and dynamic exchange of labile P across the SWI. This allows for a better understanding of eutrophication processes and the implementation of P management strategies in Lake Nansi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi' an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi' an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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32
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Gan T, Zhao H, Ai Y, Zhang S, Wen Y, Tian L, Mipam TD. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in alpine grasslands of the Zoige Basin, China. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1093823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals elements are not only related to the functions of ecosystems but also affect human health. To understand the characteristics of heavy metals in the topsoil of the Zoige alpine basin, a total of 252 grass and topsoil samples were collected in May and September 2014. The results showed that only Cd and Pb highly exceeded their background values (BV); in May and September, Cd was 2.02- and 1.55-fold higher than its BV, respectively, and Pb was 2.35- and 2.17-fold above its BV, respectively. The sources of Cd and Pb were homologous. In addition, the comprehensive potential ecological risk index was less than 150, indicating that heavy metal pollution in the study area is currently low. The spatial interpolation indicated that Cd and Pb pollution might be related to tourism and transportation, but the low biological absorption coefficient for all heavy metals showed that heavy metal absorption ability of forage was low and would not impact yak breeding. Finally, the soil was lightly contaminated by Cd and Pb due to the rapid development of the animal husbandry and tourism. The spatial variation of heavy metal in the basin is dominated by structural factors, and the random factors also have an effect on spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cu and Ni. The random factors such as overgrazing can exert an influence on physical structure and the circulation of nutrient substances of meadow soil through livestock grazing and trampling, ultimately affecting the content and distribution of soil heavy metals.
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33
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Mensah MK, Drebenstedt C, Hoth N, Ola IM, Okoroafor PU, Wiafe ED. Artisanal gold mine spoil types within a common geological area and their variations in contaminant loads and human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:312. [PMID: 36658416 PMCID: PMC9852104 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10932-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study answered the question of whether mine spoils occurring in a common geological location had similarities in their contaminant load and associated health risks. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the total contents of Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Zn, Fe, and Al were determined for 110 digested soil samples obtained from underground rock ore (URS), oxide ore (OXS), and alluvial ore (AVS) mine spoils. Independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise comparisons of sources were used to ascertain the variation in elemental load between the mine spoil investigated. The results showed that mine spoil contaminations and their ecological and health risk significantly varied (p < 0.01) from each other and fell in the order OXS > URS > AVS > forest soils because of their geochemistry. Determined enrichment and geo-accumulation indices revealed that OXS and URS sites were severely-extremely polluted with Cd, Hg, and As, while AVS mine spoils were only moderately contaminated by Cd and As contents. Children had the highest tendency for developing noncarcinogenic health defects largely due to toxic contents of As, Cd, and Hg in soil materials near them than adult men and women would after obtaining a hazard index of 73.5 and 67.7 (unitless) at both OXS and URS sites. Mine spoils especially where hard rocks and oxide ores were processed are not fit for agricultural use or human habitation. The restriction of human access and sustainable remediation approaches are required to avert health defects. Even so, area-specific potentially toxic elements must be targeted during soil cleaning due to the significant variations in contaminant load between mined sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kofi Mensah
- Institute of Surface Mining and Special Civil Engineering, Freiberg Technical University of Mining, Gustav-Zeuner Street 1A, Freiberg, 09599 Germany
| | - Carsten Drebenstedt
- Institute of Surface Mining and Special Civil Engineering, Freiberg Technical University of Mining, Gustav-Zeuner Street 1A, Freiberg, 09599 Germany
| | - Nils Hoth
- Institute of Surface Mining and Special Civil Engineering, Freiberg Technical University of Mining, Gustav-Zeuner Street 1A, Freiberg, 09599 Germany
| | - Ibukun Momoriola Ola
- Institute of Surface Mining and Special Civil Engineering, Freiberg Technical University of Mining, Gustav-Zeuner Street 1A, Freiberg, 09599 Germany
| | - Precious Uchenna Okoroafor
- Institute of Biosciences/Interdisciplinary Environmental Research Centre, Freiberg Technical University of Mining, Leipziger Street 29, Freiberg, 09599 Germany
| | - Edward Debrah Wiafe
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, PMB Somanya, Ghana
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34
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Liu Z, Du Q, Guan Q, Luo H, Shan Y, Shao W. A Monte Carlo simulation-based health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils of an oasis agricultural region in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159543. [PMID: 36272483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, heavy metal contamination of soils has been increasing, posing a major threat to food security, human health, and soil ecosystems. This study analyzed the spatial characteristics, contamination sources, risks of heavy metals by collecting topsoil samples from farmland in an oasis agricultural region in northwest China. The results found that soil heavy metals in farmland were at a moderate contamination level. The PMF model classifies soil heavy metals as fertilizer and pesticide sources dominated by As and Mn with 27.8 %, mixed sources of transport and agricultural sources dominated by Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb with 26.9 %, metal processing sources dominated by Cr and Ni with 22.6 %, and the combined pollution sources of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Pb dominated by natural sources and fuel combustion. The noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks values from the ingestion route were higher for children than for adults. The non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals to adults in the southwestern and central regions of the study area was >1 × 10-4. The carcinogenic risk was >1 in all adults, but >1 in children in the central and southwestern study areas. Monte Carlo simulation takes into account the parameters and their distributions that affect the health risk assessment model by combining the uncertainty assessment with the health risk, which will reduce the uncertainty of the health risk assessment. The results showed that conventional deterministic risk assessment may overestimate health risk outcomes. In addition, As has a 1.85 % probability of non-carcinogenic risk to children, and an 85.3 % probability of total non-carcinogenic risk for children for all heavy metals. 69.5 % and 11.4 % probability of carcinogenic risk for children and adults respectively for Ni, and 96.4 % and 52.1 % probability of total carcinogenic risk, suggesting that Ni is a priority control heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qinqin Du
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qingyu Guan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Haiping Luo
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuxin Shan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenyan Shao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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35
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Xu J, Li Y, Wang S, Long S, Wu Y, Chen Z. Sources, transfers and the fate of heavy metals in soil-wheat systems: The case of lead (Pb)/zinc (Zn) smelting region. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129863. [PMID: 36088880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) from smelters pose severe challenges to the environmental soil quality of surrounding farmlands, and threaten human health through the food chain. This study explored the environmental effects of smelting activities on farmland soil, and additionally assessed the enrichment, transfer and health risk of HMs in soil-wheat systems. Multiple characterization results were combined to demonstrate that HMs from smelter waste were transferred to the surrounding soil. It was determined that the enrichment of HMs in soil-wheat systems is mainly controlled by the total HM concentration and pH in soil. Furthermore, the priority pollutant in soil-wheat systems was found to be Cd, and Cd affected the transfer of Cu, Mn and Pb from soil to wheat roots. Interestingly, the -OH stretching, C-H stretching, N-H amide and C-O bending were involved in detoxifying HMs in wheat. The mean values of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks by consuming wheat grain were 9.1, 1.4E-02 (adults) and 11.3, 3.3E-03 (children), respectively, indicating a noteworthy health risk. This study highlighted the critical issues arising from Pb/Zn smelting activities on agricultural soils. Notwithstanding, to ensure food security, the affected regions could opt to follow up on the type of crops grown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Song Long
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yining Wu
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhaoming Chen
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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36
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Li FJ, Yang HW, Ayyamperumal R, Liu Y. Pollution, sources, and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban areas around industrialization and urbanization-Northwest China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136396. [PMID: 36113648 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in urban soils and dust is mostly caused by extensive anthropogenic activity during urbanization and industrialization. In this research study, the pollution characteristics, sources, ecological and human health risks of heavy metals in urban soil, and dust have been thoroughly evaluated. The research findings demonstrate that dust has a higher level of contamination than urban soil, such as Pb, Cu, and Zn metals are more contaminated in both urban soil and dust throughout the city, and Hg and As are also found in locations with a high concentration of heavy industrial companies. This implies that traffic emissions are still a significant source of metals in urban areas, though industrial companies also contribute. The health risk assessment model used to calculate human exposure revealed that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of selected metals in soil and dust were generally in the low range, except for the carcinogenic risk from Cr in children. Statistical analysis revealed that Cr and Ni concentrations were mainly of natural origin, Cu and Zn have been sourced from traffic, whereas Pb, Hg, and As have been sourced from industrial activities. The overall recommendation is that the road traffic environment and municipal construction facilities need to be improved to ensure the sustainable development of the city's environment, while pollution from industrial waste is strongly controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jie Li
- School of History and Culture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Yang
- School of History and Culture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China, College of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Gansu Institute of Architectural Design and Research, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Li M, Yao J, Sunahara G, Hawari J, Duran R, Liu J, Liu B, Cao Y, Pang W, Li H, Li Y, Ruan Z. Novel microbial consortia facilitate metalliferous immobilization in non-ferrous metal(loid)s contaminated smelter soil: Efficiency and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120042. [PMID: 36044947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic metals from nonferrous metal(loid) smelter soils can pose serious threats to the surrounding ecosystems, crop production, and human health. Bioremediation using microorganisms is a promising strategy for treating metal(loid)-contaminated soils. Here, a native microbial consortium with sulfate-reducing function (SRB1) enriched from smelter soils can tolerate exposures to mixtures of heavy metal(loid)s (e.g., As and Pb) or various organic flotation reagents (e.g., ethylthionocarbamate). The addition of Fe2+ greatly increased As3+ immobilization compared to treatment without Fe2+, with the immobilization efficiencies of 81.0% and 58.9%, respectively. Scanning electronic microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that the As3+ immobilizing activity was related to the formation of arsenic sulfides (AsS, As4S4, and As2S3) and sorption/co-precipitation of pyrite (FeS2). High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing of SRB1 suggests that members of Clostridium, Desulfosporosinus, and Desulfovibrio genera play an important role in maintaining and stabilizing As3+ immobilization activity. Metal(loid)s immobilizing activity of SRB1 was not observed at high and toxic total exposure concentrations (220-1181 mg As/kg or 63-222 mg Pb/kg). However, at lower concentrations, SRB1 treatment decreased bioavailable fractions of As (9.0%) and Pb (28.6%) compared to without treatment. Results indicate that enriched native SRB1 consortia exhibited metal(loid) transformation capacities under non-toxic concentrations of metal(loid)s for future bioremediation strategies to decrease mixed metal(loid)s exposure from smelter polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jalal Hawari
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département des génies civil, géologique et des mines, 2900 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS 5254, Pau, France
| | - Jianli Liu
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wancheng Pang
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao Li
- Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yangquan Li
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 100082, China
| | - Zhiyong Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Chu Z, Lin C, Yang K, Cheng H, Gu X, Wang B, Wu L, Ma J. Lability, bioaccessibility, and ecological and health risks of anthropogenic toxic heavy metals in the arid calcareous soil around a nonferrous metal smelting area. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136200. [PMID: 36030943 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lability and bioaccessibility of anthropogenic toxic heavy metals in arid calcareous soils are critical to understand their ecological and health risks. This study examined toxic heavy metal speciation in the calcareous soil contaminated by nonferrous metal smelting. Results demonstrated that approximately 70 years' nonferrous metal smelting and mining in Baiyin led to significant contamination of nearby soil down to about 200 cm depth by cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), with more serious contamination in the downwind areas of smelting or mining. More than half of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the soil was present in the labile fractions while more than 75% of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) was present in the residual fraction. Carbonate minerals in this calcareous soil play an important role in the labile fractions, with approximate 25% of Cd and Pb and 15% of Cu and Zn bound in carbonates. Bioaccessible Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the soil were approximately 49.8%, 29.4%, 12.2%, and 33.8% in gastric phase and 13.5%, 15.9%, 4.3%, and 9.1% in intestinal phase of their total concentrations, respectively. Therefore, Cd and Zn were removed from gastric solution to a greater extent than Cu and Pb by neutral intestine environment. However, bioaccessible Co, Cr, Ni, and V in the soil were less than 3% of their total concentrations. Bioaccessibility of these metals but Cu in this calcareous soil was significantly lower than that for the acidic Ultisols and Alfisols in U.S. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni in each chemical and bioaccessible forms were significantly correlated linearly with their total concentrations in the calcareous soil, while only residual concentration was significantly correlated with the total concentration for Co, Cr, and V. These linear slopes showed that relative lability and bioaccessibility increased for Cd, but decreased for Cu, Pb, and Zn with the increase in their total concentrations in the calcareous soil. Direct oral soil ingestion would not pose a non-carcinogenic health risk to local children. However, very high potential ecological risk would be caused by these metals in the soil. These results provide improved insights into the biogeochemical processes of anthropogenic toxic heavy metals in the arid calcareous soils worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuling Chu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | | | - Xiang Gu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Human-Health and Environmental Risks of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and Groundwater at a Riverside Site, China. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The contaminated site is considered a high-risk pollution source due to the accumulation of industrial waste and wastewater, which affects the soil and groundwater environment. In this study, through soil and groundwater investigation, we outlined the characteristics of heavy metal contamination in the soil and groundwater of the contaminated site, assessed the health risk of the contaminated site to humans, and established a numerical model to predict the ecological and environmental risks of the site. The results of the study showed that the maximum contamination concentration of pollutants (lead, arsenic, cadmium) in the soil all exceeded the Chinese environmental standard (GB36600-2018, Grade II), that the maximum contamination concentration (cadmium, Cd) of the groundwater exceeded the Chinese environmental standard (GB14848–2017, Grade IV), and that the heavy metal pollution was mainly concentrated in the production area of the site and the waste-residue stockpiles. The total carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic hazard quotient of the site’s soil heavy metal contaminants exceed the human acceptable limit, and there is a human health risk. However, the groundwater in the area where the site is located is prohibited from exploitation, and there is no volatility of the contaminants and no exposure pathway to the groundwater, so there is no risk to human health. The simulation prediction results show that, with the passage of time, the site groundwater pollutants as a whole migrate from south to north, affecting the northern surface water bodies after about 12 years, and there is a high ecological and environmental risk. The above findings provide a scientific basis for the study of the soil and groundwater at the riverside contaminated site.
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Xu J, Wang M, Zhong T, Zhao Z, Lu Y, Zhao X, Cai X. Insights into site-specific influences of emission sources on accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in soils by wheat grains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:73131-73146. [PMID: 35622279 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in agricultural environment usually originates from anthropogenic activities. Both large diversities of emission sources and complexity of plant accumulation challenge the understanding of the site-specific effects of emission sources on heavy metal(loid)s in wheat grains. Herein, both soil samples and wheat grain samples (n = 80) were collected from the farmland of Jiyuan City, China. Soil and grain burdens of heavy metal(loid)s were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and/or X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The quotients (Q) were developed to indicate relative impacts of industrial plants and traffic to soil sites. Principal component analysis-absolute principal component scores-multivariate linear regression (PCA-APCS-MLR) analysis was conducted to reveal the source contributions to heavy metal(loid)s in grains, considering Q values, soil, and wheat grain data. Results showed that contributions of main sources and factors drastically varied with soil sites, and usually overlapped to different extents. For grain Cd and grain Pb, natural soil silicate (0.066/0.104 mg/kg) and iron-bearing minerals (- 0.044/ - 0.174 mg/kg) contributed to high extents, while metal smelting activities (0.018/0.019 mg/kg) and agronomic activities (- 0.017/ - 0.019 mg/kg) unexpectedly posed low or moderate contributions. The pH-mediated availability of soil Cd (0.035 mg/kg) and the sand-dust weather (0.028 mg/kg) also made considerable contributions to grain Cd. For grain As, both natural soil iron-bearing (- 0.048 mg/kg) and silicate minerals (- 0.013 mg/kg) made negative contributions. The results benefit to the decision-making of pollution remediation of farmland soils in the regional scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhong
- CECEP DADI Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Zongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Heavy-Metal Pollution Monitoring and Remediation of Henan Province, Jiyuan, 459000, China
| | - Yifu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Heavy-Metal Pollution Monitoring and Remediation of Henan Province, Jiyuan, 459000, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Heavy-Metal Pollution Monitoring and Remediation of Henan Province, Jiyuan, 459000, China
| | - Xiyun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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Qiao Y, Hou H, Chen L, Wang H, Jeyakumar P, Lu Y, Cao L, Zhao L, Han D. Comparison of Pb and Cd in wheat grains under air-soil-wheat system near lead-zinc smelters and total suspended particulate introduced modeling attempt. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156290. [PMID: 35644402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of wheat grain metals and metalloids caused by ambient air contamination has drawn an increasing concern. However, at present, the differences in the pathways of cadmium and lead accumulation in wheat grains in an air-soil-wheat system are not clear. In this study, wheat was grown around a lead‑zinc smelting area and exposed to different soil Pb and Cd levels and different ambient air Pb and Cd levels. Lead and Cd accumulation in wheat grains was examined in this study. Two models of wheat grain Pb and Cd concentrations were established based on the 3 variables including soil Pb and Cd concentration, ambient air Pb and Cd concentration, and soil pH. The results showed that total suspended particulate (TSP), soil, and wheat grains exhibited different degrees of Pb and Cd contamination in the study area, and the contamination of Cd is more serious than Pb contamination. The Pb in wheat grains was more likely to derive from ambient air than from soil, whereas the impact of ambient air on the accumulation of Cd in wheat grains might be very limited. This speculation was confirmed by the results of the predictor variable relative weight method based on the multiple regression analysis. Introduction of ambient air factor (TSP Pb and Cd) greatly improved the modeling effect of wheat grains Pb, while the modeling of grain Cd was more dependent on soil pH and total soil Cd. This research suggests that the reduction in wheat grain Pb is likely to be achieved by the control over ambient air Pb, whereas the reduction in the wheat grain Cd by the remediation of soil pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Qiao
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hong Hou
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Ligen Chen
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences Group, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Yifu Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science of Jiyuan City, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Institute of Environmental Science of Jiyuan City, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Dongjin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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De Marco A, Sicard P, Feng Z, Agathokleous E, Alonso R, Araminiene V, Augustatis A, Badea O, Beasley JC, Branquinho C, Bruckman VJ, Collalti A, David‐Schwartz R, Domingos M, Du E, Garcia Gomez H, Hashimoto S, Hoshika Y, Jakovljevic T, McNulty S, Oksanen E, Omidi Khaniabadi Y, Prescher A, Saitanis CJ, Sase H, Schmitz A, Voigt G, Watanabe M, Wood MD, Kozlov MV, Paoletti E. Strategic roadmap to assess forest vulnerability under air pollution and climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5062-5085. [PMID: 35642454 PMCID: PMC9541114 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although it is an integral part of global change, most of the research addressing the effects of climate change on forests have overlooked the role of environmental pollution. Similarly, most studies investigating the effects of air pollutants on forests have generally neglected the impacts of climate change. We review the current knowledge on combined air pollution and climate change effects on global forest ecosystems and identify several key research priorities as a roadmap for the future. Specifically, we recommend (1) the establishment of much denser array of monitoring sites, particularly in the South Hemisphere; (2) further integration of ground and satellite monitoring; (3) generation of flux-based standards and critical levels taking into account the sensitivity of dominant forest tree species; (4) long-term monitoring of N, S, P cycles and base cations deposition together at global scale; (5) intensification of experimental studies, addressing the combined effects of different abiotic factors on forests by assuring a better representation of taxonomic and functional diversity across the ~73,000 tree species on Earth; (6) more experimental focus on phenomics and genomics; (7) improved knowledge on key processes regulating the dynamics of radionuclides in forest systems; and (8) development of models integrating air pollution and climate change data from long-term monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Meteorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science & TechnologyNanjingChina
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐Meteorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science & TechnologyNanjingChina
| | - Rocio Alonso
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMATMadridSpain
| | - Valda Araminiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and ForestryKaunasLithuania
| | - Algirdas Augustatis
- Faculty of Forest Sciences and EcologyVytautas Magnus UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Ovidiu Badea
- “Marin Drăcea” National Institute for Research and Development in ForestryVoluntariRomania
- Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering“Transilvania” UniversityBraşovRomania
| | - James C. Beasley
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory and Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAikenSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Viktor J. Bruckman
- Commission for Interdisciplinary Ecological StudiesAustrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Marisa Domingos
- Instituto de BotanicaNucleo de Pesquisa em EcologiaSao PauloBrazil
| | - Enzai Du
- Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Shoji Hashimoto
- Department of Forest SoilsForestry and Forest Products Research InstituteTsukubaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Elina Oksanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Department of Environmental Health EngineeringIndustrial Medial and Health, Petroleum Industry Health Organization (PIHO)AhvazIran
| | | | - Costas J. Saitanis
- Lab of Ecology and Environmental ScienceAgricultural University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Hiroyuki Sase
- Ecological Impact Research DepartmentAsia Center for Air Pollution Research (ACAP)NiigataJapan
| | - Andreas Schmitz
- State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine‐WestphaliaRecklinghausenGermany
| | | | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of AgricultureTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT)FuchuJapan
| | - Michael D. Wood
- School of Science, Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordUK
| | | | - Elena Paoletti
- Department of Forest SoilsForestry and Forest Products Research InstituteTsukubaJapan
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Wu Q, Hou L, Chen J, Zhao P. Dual diffusive gradients in the thin films (DGT) probes provide insights into speciation and mobility of sediment chromium (Cr) from the Xizhi River basin, South China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129229. [PMID: 35739749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the speciation and remobilization mechanisms of chromium (Cr) in sediment is essential for accurate estimation of its ecological risks in aquatic systems. In this work, a three-step chemical extraction procedure and diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique were combined to investigate the geochemical speciation, mobility potentials, and release characteristics of sediment Cr. The geochemical speciation of sediment Cr decreased in the following order: oxidizable > reducible > residual > acid-soluble fraction. Dissociation of OM-bound Cr(III) and oxidation by Mn oxides contributed to higher labile Cr(III) and Cr(VI) levels in winter, with the labile Cr(III) being the dominant species and accounting for 48.1%65.5% of the total concentration of labile Cr; whereas, reductive dissolution of Mn oxides was responsible for the remobilization of labile Cr(VI) in summer, leading to a shift in dominant Cr species to Cr(VI) (48.9%65.7%) due to rapid precipitation of Cr(III). Sediment acted as a major sink for labile Cr(VI) in two sampling campaigns. For labile Cr(III), sediment converted from source in winter to sink in summer. The diffusive release of labile Cr(III) deserves preferential concern due to its potential to be re-oxidized to more toxic Cr(VI) under the oxic conditions of river water in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Zhou Y, Jiang D, Ding D, Wu Y, Wei J, Kong L, Long T, Fan T, Deng S. Ecological-health risks assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in agricultural soils around a super-sized lead-zinc smelter with a long production history, in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119487. [PMID: 35597487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Smelting activities are considered as the primary cause of heavy metal (HM) accumulation in soils, and the human health around the smelter has been a great concern worldwide. In this study, a total of 242 agricultural soil samples were collected around a large scale Pb/Zn smelter in China, and eight HMs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analyzed to assess HMs status, ecological -health risks, and identify source. Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate the probabilistic health risks, and positive matrix factorization (PMF) was employed to identify sources. The results revealed the average contents of five heavy metals (Cd 5.28 mg/kg, Pb 203.36 mg/kg, Hg 0.39 mg/kg, Zn 293.45 mg/kg, Cu 37.14 mg/kg) are higher than their background values in Hunan province. Cd had the highest mean pollution index (PI) of 41.8 and the greatest average ecological risk index (Er) of 1256.34, indicating that Cd was the primary enriched pollutant and had a higher ecological risk than other HMs. The mean hazard index (HI) through exposure to eight HMs was 2.95E-01 and 9.74E-01 for adults and children, respectively, with 35.94% of HI values for children exceeding the risk threshold of 1. Moreover, the mean total cancer risks (TCR) were 2.75E-05 and 2.37E-04 for adults and children, respectively, with 75.48% of TCR values for children exceeding the guideline value of 1E-04. In addition, the positive matrix factorization results showed smelting activities, natural sources, agricultural activities and atmospheric deposition were the three sources in soils, with the contribution rate of 48.62%, 22.35%, and 29.03%, respectively. The uncertainty analysis of the PMF indicated that the three-factor solution is reliable. This work will provide scientific reference for the comprehensive prevention of soil HM pollution adjacent to the large smelter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Dengdeng Jiang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Da Ding
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yunjing Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lingya Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Tao Long
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Tingting Fan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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Zhou Z, Peng C, Liu X, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xiao X. Pollution and Risk Assessments of Heavy Metal(loid)s in the Soil around Lead-Zinc Smelteries via Data Integration Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9698. [PMID: 35955055 PMCID: PMC9368718 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pb-Zn smelting is a major cause of heavy metal(loid) contaminations in soils. We collected data on heavy metal(loid)s in the soils near Pb-Zn smelteries globally from 54 peer-reviewed reports to study the metals' distribution, pollution index, and potential ecological and health risks. We observed that 90% of the studied Pb-Zn smelteries were distributed in Asia and Europe. Heavy metal(loid)s were mainly deposited within a 2 km distance to the smelteries, with mean concentrations (mg/kg) of 208.3 for As, 26.6 for Cd, 191.8 for Cu, 4192.6 for Pb, and 4187.7 for Zn, respectively. Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil exceeded their corresponding upper continental crust values several hundred folds, suggesting severe contamination. The smelting area had the highest heavy metal(loid) contamination in soil, followed by the forest land, farmland, and living area. Compared with the soil environmental standard values from various countries, As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were considered priority pollutants for protecting the ecosystem and human health. Likewise, As, Cd, and Pb were suggested as the priority pollutants for protecting groundwater safety. The potential ecological and health risks of heavy metal(loid)s in the soil within 2 km of Pb-Zn smelteries were severe and should be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Grid-Scale Regional Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals Using Multi-Source Data. ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/ijgi11080427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the risks posed by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in large regions is important for environmental management. However, regional risk assessment that relies on traditional field sampling or administrative statistical data is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and coarse. Internet data, remote sensing data, and multi-source data, have the advantage of high speed of collection, and can, thereby, overcome time lag challenges and traditional evaluation inefficiencies, although, to date, they are rarely applied. To evaluate their effectiveness, the current study used multi-source data to conduct a 1 km scale assessment of PTMs in Yunnan Province, China. In addition, a novel model to simulate potentially hazardous areas, based on atmospheric deposition, was also proposed. Assessments reveal that risk areas are mainly distributed in the east, which is consistent with the distribution of mineral resources in the province. Approximately 3.6% of the cropland and 1.4% of the sensitive population are threatened. The risk areas were verified against those reported by the government and the existing literature. The verification exercise confirmed the reliability of multi-source data, which are cost-effective, efficient, and generalizable for assessing pollution risks in large areas, particularly when there is little to no site-specific contamination information.
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Antoniadis V, Thalassinos G, Levizou E, Wang J, Wang SL, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J. Hazardous enrichment of toxic elements in soils and olives in the urban zone of Lavrio, Greece, a legacy, millennia-old silver/lead mining area and related health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128906. [PMID: 35452984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lavrio is a Greek town with several abandoned Ag/Pb mines. In this study, 19 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were measured in soil, weeds, and olives. Levels of seven of the studied PTEs in soil were highly elevated: Zn (56.2-58,726 mg kg-1), Pb (36.2-31,332), As (7.3-10,886), Cu (8.3-1273), Sb (0.99-297.8), Cd (0.17-287.7), and Ag (0.09-38.7). Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis of the soils revealed that As was predominantly associated with scorodite, Pb with humic substances, Zn with illite, Zn(OH)2 and humic substances, and Fe with goethite-like minerals. The transfer of the PTEs to weeds was relatively low, with the transfer coefficient being less than 1.0 for all PTEs. Cadmium in table olives surpassed 0.05 mg kg-1 fresh weight (the limit in EU), while Pb surpassed its limit in approximately half of the samples. Health risk assessment confirmed soil contamination in the study area where As and Pb hazard quotients were well above 1.0 and the average hazard index equaled 11.40. Additionally, the cancer risk values exceeding the 1 × 10-4 threshold. The results obtained in the study indicate that Lavrio urgently requires an adequate ecofriendly remediation plan, including revegetation with tolerant species and targeted efforts to chemically stabilize harmful PTEs. The presented approach may serve as a pivotal study for industrial areas with similar contamination levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Giorgos Thalassinos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Efi Levizou
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550082 Guiyang, PR China
| | - Shan-Li Wang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal 42285, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal 42285, Germany.
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Aminiyan MM, Rahman MM, Rodríguez-Seijo A, Hajiali Begloo R, Cheraghi M, Aminiyan FM. Elucidating of potentially toxic elements contamination in topsoils around a copper smelter: Spatial distribution, partitioning and risk estimation. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1795-1811. [PMID: 34368909 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) as one of the major environmental hazards is associated with metal exploration and refining acting. In this study, forty-five topsoil samples surrounding a copper smelter factory were taken and analysed using standard routine methods. The total concentration, chemical fractionation and the mobility potential of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were analysed. Additionally, the spatial distribution of PTEs, the potential ecotoxicological, and human health risks was assessed. The range of total Cu was 1478-4718 mg kg-1, reaching up to 501.5, 21.6, 118.4, 573.5 and 943.3 mg kg-1 for total contents of As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn, respectively. The potentially available fractions after sequential extraction reveal all studied PTE were dramatically mobile and available in the studied area (86%, 69.3%, 59.5%, 87.2%, 84% and 68% for As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn and Cu, respectively), reflecting that the concentration and accumulation of these elements are profoundly affected or originated by smelting activities and deposition of atmospheric emissions of the Cu smelting factory. The spatial distribution of all PTEs indicated that concentrations of these element near the smelter Cu-factory were elevated. Accordingly, the ecotoxicology status of the studied area suggests that significantly high risks are posed by the measured PTEs. Non-carcinogenic effects of As, Pb and Cu were significantly much higher than the recommended value (HI = 1), suggesting that these three PTEs could adversely impact children's health. For adults, only the HI value of As was greater than one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Raziyeh Hajiali Begloo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Cheraghi
- Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Mirzaei Aminiyan
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Vali-e-Asr Rafsanjan University, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Chen Z, Xu J, Duan R, Lu S, Hou Z, Yang F, Peng M, Zong Q, Shi Z, Yu L. Ecological Health Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Surface Soil Based on a High Geochemical Background: A Case Study in Southwest China. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060282. [PMID: 35736891 PMCID: PMC9228051 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A total of 28,095 surface soil samples were collected in areas with high natural background levels; the potential ecological risk is generally low, and the high-risk area is small and mainly affected by lead−zinc mines. The contribution to the potential ecological risk factor (RI) is as follows: Hg > Cd > As > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Zn, with noncarcinogenic chronic risks of Cr > As > Cd > Pb > Ni > Cu > Hg > Zn; furthermore, dermal contact is the main pathway of exposure causing health risks. The total carcinogenic risks caused by heavy metals were as follows: Cr > Cd > As > Pb; and the risks posed by Cr, Cd, and As were higher than the threshold value (1.0 × 10−4); people face a higher threat to heavy metals in soils in Zhenxiong, Ludian, Huize, Weixin, and Zhaoyang. The evaluation result of the EPA PMF model shows that the soil heavy metals are mainly composed of five sources, of which basalt, Permian, and Triassic carbonate rock parent material constitute the natural background source, while the mining activities of lead−zinc mines and the emissions of coal burning by residents constitute the anthropogenic source. The contribution was ranked in order of lead−zinc mining (26.7%) > Triassic carbonate (23.7%) > basalt (20.9%) > coal burning and automobile emissions (16.1%) > Permian carbonate (12.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwan Chen
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ruichun Duan
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China; (R.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Shansong Lu
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China; (R.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhaolei Hou
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China; (F.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Min Peng
- Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China; (F.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Qingxia Zong
- Department of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey, Kunming 650216, China; (J.X.); (Z.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zeming Shi
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Z.S.)
| | - Linsong Yu
- School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
- Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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50
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Guang X, Chen J, Qu M, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhao Y, Huang B. Effects of mining on the potentially toxic elements in the surrounding soils in China: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153562. [PMID: 35101487 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies about the effects of mining on the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the surrounding soils mainly focused on single or few mining areas. However, these studies couldn't comprehensively quantify the mining-induced variations of soil PTE concentrations at the national scale. Moreover, the quantitative relationships between the effects of mining on soil PTEs and some related factors remained unclear at the national scale. This study first conducted a literature survey for soil PTE data affected by mining in China. Then, the random-effects model in the meta-analysis was used to quantify mining-induced variations of soil PTE concentrations in the surrounding areas. Last, the single meta-regression was used to explore the relationships between the effects of mining on soil PTEs and the related factors at the national scale. Results showed that: (i) mining-induced increases of soil PTE concentrations followed the order: Cd (1017%) > Hg (319%) > Pb (291%) > Zn (176%) > Cu (129%) > As (92%) > Ni (23%); (ii) mining-induced increases of soil PTE concentrations in clay (531%), non-ferrous mine (188%), paddy field (212%), and Central South China (290%) were more than those in other soil textures, mine types, land-use types, and geographical divisions, respectively; (iii) the effects of mining on soil PTEs were negatively correlated with soil pH (QM = 29.76, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with soil organic carbon (QM = 28.54, p < 0.01) and mean annual precipitation (QM = 91.75, p < 0.01); (iv) the effects of mining overall decreased with the sampling year (QM = 35.01, p < 0.01) and showed latitudinal zonality (QM = 180.39, p < 0.01). The above results provided valuable information for soil PTE mitigation in the areas affected by mining in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingkai Qu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jianlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongcun Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China
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