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Milano F, Giotta L, Lambreva MD. Perspectives on nanomaterial-empowered bioremediation of heavy metals by photosynthetic microorganisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109090. [PMID: 39243581 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Environmental remediation of heavy metals (HMs) is a crucial aspect of sustainable development, safeguarding natural resources, biodiversity, and the delicate balance of ecosystems, all of which are critical for sustaining life on our planet. The bioremediation of HMs by unicellular phototrophs harnesses their intrinsic detoxification mechanisms, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation. These processes can be remarkably effective in mitigating HMs, particularly at lower contaminant concentrations, surpassing the efficacy of conventional physicochemical methods and offering greater sustainability and cost-effectiveness. Here, we explore the potential of various engineered nanomaterials to further enhance the capacity and efficiency of HM bioremediation based on photosynthetic microorganisms. The critical assessment of the interactions between nanomaterials and unicellular phototrophs emphasised the ability of tailored nanomaterials to sustain photosynthetic metabolism and the defence system of microorganisms, thereby enhancing their growth, biomass accumulation, and overall bioremediation capacity. Key factors that could shape future research efforts toward sustainable nanobioremediation of HM are discussed, and knowledge gaps in the field have been identified. This study sheds light on the potential of nanobioremediation by unicellular phototrophs as an efficient, scalable, and cost-effective solution for HM removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Milano
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Livia Giotta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Strada Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Maya D Lambreva
- Institute for Biological Systems, National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, N. 9, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy.
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Chebotaryova SP, Baranchikov PA, Zakharova OV, Kozlova TA, Maltsev YI, Kulikovskiy MS, Grigoriev GV, Gusev AA. CuO Nanoparticles Reduce Toxicity and Enhance Bioaccumulation of Cadmium and Lead in the Cells of the Microalgae Desmodesmus communis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9167. [PMID: 39273116 PMCID: PMC11395509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The removal of pollutants, including heavy metals, from the aquatic environment is an urgent problem worldwide. Actively developing nanotechnology areas is becoming increasingly important for solving problems in the field of the remediation of aquatic ecosystems. In particular, methods for removing pollutants using nanoparticles (NPs) are proposed, which raises the question of the effect of a combination of NPs and heavy metals on living organisms. In this work, we investigated the role of CuO-NPs in changing the toxicity of Cd and Pb salts, as well as the bioaccumulation of these elements in a culture of the microalga Desmodesmus communis. It was found that CuO-NPs at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg L-1 had no effect on the viability of microalgae cells. On the 14th day of the experiment, Cd at a concentration of 1 mg L-1 reduced the viability index by 30% and, when combined with CuO-NPs, by 25%, i.e., CuO-NPs slightly reduced the toxic effect of Cd. At the same time, in this experiment, when CuO-NPs and Cd were used together, the level of oxidative stress increased, including on the first day in mixtures with 1 mg L-1 Cd. Under the influence of Pb, the cell viability index decreased by 70% by the end of the experiment, regardless of the metal concentration. The presence of CuO-NPs slightly reduced the toxicity of Pb in terms of viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the same time, unlike Cd, Pb without NPs caused ROS production on the first day, whereas the addition of CuO-NPs completely detoxified Pb at the beginning and had a dose-dependent effect on mixtures at the end of the experiment. Also, the introduction of CuO-NPs slightly reduced the negative effect of Pb on pigment synthesis. As a molecular mechanism of the observed effects, we prioritized the provocation of oxidative stress by nanoparticles and related gene expression and biochemical reactions of algae cells. Analysis of the effect of CuO-NPs on the Cd and Pb content in microalgae cells showed increased accumulation of heavy metals. Thus, when algae were cultured in an environment with Cd and CuO-NPs, the Cd content per cell increased 4.2 times compared to the variant where cells were cultured only with Cd. In the case of Pb, the increase in its content per one cell increased 6.2 times when microalgae were cultured in an environment containing CuO-NPs. Thus, we found that CuO-NPs reduce the toxic effects of Cd and Pb, as well as significantly enhance the bioaccumulation of these toxic elements in the cells of D. communis microalgae. The results obtained can form the basis of technology for the nanobioremediation of aquatic ecosystems from heavy metals using microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana P Chebotaryova
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
| | - Peter A Baranchikov
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
| | - Olga V Zakharova
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana A Kozlova
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
- Laboratory of Ecology, Institute of Natural and Technical Systems RAS, 354024 Sochi, Russia
| | - Yevhen I Maltsev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim S Kulikovskiy
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gregory V Grigoriev
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
| | - Alexander A Gusev
- Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Li J, Shen J, Hou T, Tang H, Zeng C, Xiao K, Hou Y, Wang B. A Self-Assembled MOF-Escherichia Coli Hybrid System for Light-Driven Fuels and Valuable Chemicals Synthesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308597. [PMID: 38664984 PMCID: PMC11220693 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of semi-artificial photosynthetic systems, which integrate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with industrial microbial cell factories for light-driven synthesis of fuels and valuable chemicals, represents a highly promising avenue for both research advancements and practical applications. In this study, an MOF (PCN-222) utilizing racemic-(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin and zirconium chloride (ZrCl4) as primary constituents is synthesized. Employing a self-assembly process, a hybrid system is constructed, integrating engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) to investigate light-driven hydrogen and lysine production. These results demonstrate that the light-irradiated biohybrid system efficiently produce H2 with a quantum efficiency of 0.75% under full spectrum illumination, the elevated intracellular reducing power NADPH is also observed. By optimizing the conditions, the biohybrid system achieves a maximum lysine production of 18.25 mg L-1, surpassing that of pure bacteria by 332%. Further investigations into interfacial electron transfer mechanisms reveals that PCN-222 efficiently captures light and facilitates the transfer of photo-generated electrons into E. coli cells. It is proposed that the interfacial energy transfer process is mediated by riboflavin, with facilitation by secreted small organic acids acting as hole scavengers for PCN-222. This study establishes a crucial foundation for future research into the light-driven biomanufacturing using E. coli-based hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
- School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Junfeng Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Tianfeng Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Hongting Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Cuiping Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Kemeng Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cell and Developmental BiologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong999077China
| | - Yanping Hou
- School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
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Deng B, Maaloul R, Nowak S, Sivry Y, Yéprémian C, Ammar S, Mammeri F, Brayner R. Aquatic Fate and Ecotoxicology Effect of ZnS:Mn Quantum Dots on Chlorella vulgaris in Fresh Water. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:467-483. [PMID: 38651378 PMCID: PMC11036285 DOI: 10.3390/jox14020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing integration of nanomaterials into daily life, the potential ecotoxicological impacts of nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increased attention from the scientific community. This study assessed the ecotoxicity of ZnS quantum dots (QDs) doped with varying molar concentrations of Mn2+ on Chlorella vulgaris. The ZnS:Mn QDs were synthesized using the polyol method. The size of the ZnS:Mn QDs ranged from approximately 1.1 nm to 2 nm, while the aggregation size in Seine River water was 341 nm at pH 6 and 8. The presence of ZnS:Mn (10%) NPs exhibited profound toxicity to Chlorella vulgaris, with immediate reductions in viability (survival cells) from 71%, 60% to 51%, 52% in BG11 and Seine River water, respectively, at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 of ZnS:Mn (10%) NPs. Additionally, the ATP content in Chlorella vulgaris significantly decreased in Seine River water (by 20%) after 3 h of exposure to ZnS:Mn (10%) NPs. Concurrently, SOD activity significantly increased in Seine River water, indicating that the ZnS:Mn (10%) NPs induced ROS production and triggered an oxidative stress response in microalgae cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Deng
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
| | - Rania Maaloul
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
| | - Sophie Nowak
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
| | - Yann Sivry
- IPGP, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Claude Yéprémian
- CNRS, Molécules de Communication & Adaptation des Microorganismes MCAM, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Souad Ammar
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
| | - Fayna Mammeri
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
| | - Roberta Brayner
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France (S.A.)
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Mosleminejad N, Ghasemi Z, Johari SA. Ionic and nanoparticulate silver alleviate the toxicity of inorganic mercury in marine microalga Chaetoceros muelleri. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19206-19225. [PMID: 38355858 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) in different organisms have been studied; however, interactions of SNPs with other environmental pollutants such as mercury are poorly understood. Herein, bioassay tests were performed according to ΟECD 201 guideline to assess the toxic effects induced by mercury ions (mercury chloride, MCl) on the marine microalga Chaetoceros muelleri in the presence of SNPs or silver ions (silver nitrate, SN). Acute toxicity tests displayed that the presence of SNPs or SN (0.01 mg L-1) significantly reduced the toxicity of MCl (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg L-1) and increased the IC50 of MCl from 0.072 ± 0.014 to 0.381 ± 0.029 and 0.676 ± 0.034 mg L-1, respectively. In the presence of SN or SNPs, the mercury-reducing effect on algal population growth significantly decreased. Considering the increase of IC50, the mercury toxicity decreased approximately 5.44 and 9.66 times in the presence of SNPs or SN, respectively. The chlorophyll a and c contents decreased at all exposures; however, the decrease by MCl-SNPs and MCl-SN was significantly less than MCl except at 1 mg L-1. The lowering effect of MCl-SN on chlorophyll contents was less than MCl and MCl-SNPs. MCl exposure induced significant raises in total protein content (TPC) at concentrations < 0.01mg L-1, with a maximum of ~ 70.83% attained at 100 mg L-1. The effects of MCl-SNPs and MCl-SN on TPC were significantly less than MCl. Total lipid content (TLC) at all MCl concentrations was higher than the control, while at coexposure to MCl-SN, TLC did not change until 0.01 mg L-1 compared with the control. The effects of MCl-SN and MCL-SNPs on TPC and TLC were in line with toxicity results, and were significantly less than those of MCl individually, confirming their antagonistic effects on MCl. The morphological changes of algal cells and mercury content of the cell wall at MCl-SN and MCl-SNPs were mitigated compared with MCl exposure. These findings highlight the mitigatory impacts of silver species on mercury toxicity, emphasizing the need for better realizing the mixture toxicity effects of pollutants in the water ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Mosleminejad
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
- Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Advanced Materials Research Centre, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ali Johari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
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6
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Xu H, Wang H, Liang Z, Chen H, Yang D, Tang Z, Dai X. A novel biomineralization-inspired flocculation approach for harvesting high quality microalgal biomass: Dual action of cationic polyelectrolytes and nanosilica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129739. [PMID: 37696333 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
This study posed a novel biomimetic flocculation approach, aiming to efficiently harvest high-quality biomass of Scenedesmus quadricauda cultured with anaerobic digestate. Here, that poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) could serve as mimetic silicified proteins to spontaneously incorporate nanosilica onto microalgal cells, imparting diatom-like characteristics to S. quadricauda. Compared to the exponential growth phase (day 3), the highest harvesting efficiency (93.49%) was obtained at a lower dosage of PDADMAC (5 mg/g) in the stationary phase (day 6), which was attributed to changes in properties and composition of microalgal LB-EPS. On day 6, the hydrophobic functional groups in LB-EPS provided more binding sites during the flocculation process and formed a network structure of microalgal cells-flocculants-nanosilica. The resulting larger and more stable biomimetic silica shell promoted microalgal flocculation and sedimentation. Compared to conventional harvesting methods (centrifugation, polyacrylamide, alkaline flocculation), this method had the minimal negative impact on harvested biomass, with 9.95% of cell membranes damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zixuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Donghai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenzhen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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You X, Cao X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Sun W. Differential toxicity of various mineral nanoparticles to Synechocystis sp.: With and without ciprofloxacin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132319. [PMID: 37611388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nanoparticles (M-NPs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, but their potential harms to primary producers and impacts on the toxicity of coexisting pollutants are largely unknown. Herein, the toxicity mechanisms of various M-NPs (i.e., SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and TiO2 NPs) to Synechocystis sp. in absence and presence of ciprofloxacin (CIP) were comprehensively investigated. The heteroaggregation of cells and M-NPs can hinder substrate transfer or light acquisition. The attraction between Synechocystis sp. and M-NPs increased in the order of SiO2 < Fe2O3 < Al2O3 ≈ TiO2 NPs. Therefore, SiO2 and Fe2O3 NPs exerted slight effects on physiology and proteome of Synechocystis sp.. Al2O3 NPs with the rod-like shape caused physical damage to cells. Differently, TiO2 NPs with photocatalytic activities provided photogenerated electrons for Synechocystis sp., promoting photosynthesis and the Calvin cycle for CO2 fixation. SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3 NPs alleviated the toxicity of CIP in an adsorption-depended manner. Conversely, the combination of CIP and TiO2 NPs exerted more pronounced toxic effects compared to their individuals, and CIP disturbed the extracellular electron transfer from TiO2 NPs to cells. The findings highlight the different effects of TiO2 NPs from other M-NPs on cyanobacteria, either alone or in combination with CIP, and improve the understanding of toxic mechanisms of M-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqi You
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cao
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weiling Sun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
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Xu H, Tang Z, Yang D, Dai X, Chen H. Enhanced growth and auto-flocculation of Scenedesmus quadricauda in anaerobic digestate using high light intensity and nanosilica: A biomineralization-inspired strategy. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119893. [PMID: 36989808 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Coupling municipal anaerobic digestate (MAD) treatments with microalgal cultivation can concomitantly achieve nutrient removal and microalgal bioenergy production. However, the high cost caused by dilution water and microalgal harvesting is a great challenge. In this study, Scenedesmus quadricauda was screened as the most appropriate algae strain due to its potential for growth and auto-flocculation, and the MAD diluted 5-fold with WWTP effluent was demonstrated as an ideal medium for S. quadricauda growth. Moreover, inspired by naturally generated silica shells of diatoms, a low-cost and biomimetic auto-flocculation strategy that combined high light intensity induction and microalgal silicification was proposed to accelerate the auto-flocculation process. Compared with low light intensity groups, this strategy imparted diatom-like features to S. quadricauda cells, and contributed to 3.07-fold higher auto-flocculation efficiency within 30 min. It was attributed to the fact that the high light intensity of 150 μmol·m - 2·s - 1 stimulated the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion and induced the variation in property and composition of EPS, especially the protein secondary structures, which allowed silica nanoparticles to spontaneously attach onto S. quadricauda cells in the presence of viscous EPS. Furthermore, this strategy significantly increased microalgal biomass yield to a dry weight of 1.37 g·L - 1, accompanied by 93.78%, 96.39% and 91.36% removals of NH4+-N, TP, and COD, respectively. The productivity of valuable by-products, including lipid, carbohydrate, protein, and pigment, reached 56.30, 101.35, 30.39 and 11.28 mg·L - 1·d - 1, respectively. Overall, this study supplies a novel approach for low-cost microalgal bioenergy production from MAD and energy-efficient microalgae harvest by auto-flocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenzhen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Donghai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hongbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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9
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Jeong H, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Lee JS. Heavy metals and metalloid in aquatic invertebrates: A review of single/mixed forms, combination with other pollutants, and environmental factors. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114959. [PMID: 37146547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid occur naturally and are found throughout the Earth's crust but they are discharged into aquatic environments at high concentrations by human activities, increasing heavy metal pollution. HMs can bioaccumulate in higher organisms through the food web and consequently affect humans. In an aquatic environment, various HMs mixtures can be present. Furthermore, HMs adsorb on other environmental pollutants, such as microplastics and persistent organic pollutants, causing a synergistic or antagonistic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, to understand the biological and physiological effects of HMs on aquatic organisms, it is important to evaluate the effects of exposure to combinations of complex HM mixtures and/or pollutants and other environmental factors. Aquatic invertebrates occupy an important niche in the aquatic food chain as the main energy link between higher and lower organisms. The distribution of heavy metals and the resulting toxic effects in aquatic invertebrates have been extensively studied, but few reports have dealt with the relationship between HMs, pollutants, and environmental factors in biological systems with regard to biological availability and toxicity. This review describes the overall properties of individual HM and their effects on aquatic invertebrates and comprehensively reviews physiological and biochemical endpoints in aquatic invertebrates depending on interactions among HMs, other pollutants, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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10
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Mathur P, Chakraborty R, Aftab T, Roy S. Engineered nanoparticles in plant growth: Phytotoxicity concerns and the strategies for their attenuation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 199:107721. [PMID: 37156069 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In the agricultural sector, the use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) has been acclaimed as the next big thing for sustaining and increasing crop productivity. A vast amount of literature is available regarding the growth-promoting attributes of different ENPs. In this context, it has been emphasized that the ENPs can bolster vegetative growth, leaf development, and seed setting and also help in mitigating the effects of abiotic and biotic stresses. At the same time, there have been a lot of speculations and concerns regarding the phytotoxicity of ENPs off-late. In this connection, many research articles have presented the negative effects of ENPs on plant systems. These studies have highlighted that almost all the ENPs impart a certain degree of phytotoxicity in terms of reduction in growth, biomass, impairment of photosynthesis, oxidative status of plant cells, etc. Mostly, the ENPs based on metal or metal oxides (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ag, Ce, etc.) and nonmetals (C) that are introduced into the environment are known to incite inhibitory effects. However, the phytotoxicity of ENPs are known to be determined mostly by the chemical nature of the element, size, surface charge, coating molecules, and abiotic factors like pH and light. This review article, therefore, elucidates the phytotoxic properties of different ENPs and the plant responses induced at the molecular level subjected to nanoparticle exposure. Moreover, the article highlights the probable strategies that may be adopted for the suppression of the phytotoxicity of ENPs to ensure the safe and sustainable application of ENPs in crop fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, P.O. Raja Rammohumpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
| | - Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Government College, P.O. Matigara, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, P.O. Raja Rammohumpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Zahrouni A, Benammar I, Harzallah O, Bistac S, Salhi R. Effect of Sol–Gel Derived TiO2-SiO2 Binary Nanoparticles on Thermomechanical Property of Polymer Matrix Composite. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-023-02637-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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12
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Wenchao W, Zhang D, Sophocleous M, Qu Y, Jing W, Chalermwisutkul S, Russel M. Measuring the effects of diethyl phthalate microplastics on marine algae growth using dielectric spectroscopy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161221. [PMID: 36587692 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a dielectric spectroscopy-based method using a customized, transmission line probe, fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB), for monitoring the effect of diethyl phthalate (DEP) microplastics on marine algae growth. Experiments were performed by exposing marine algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) to DEP (0-50 mg) for up to 6 days. In order to amplify the electrophysiological effects and improve the sensing, a glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent was used and encapsulated on the surface of the probe. The reflection coefficient (S11) and the complex permittivity (ɛ' & ɛ″) of the Medium Under Test (MUT) were investigated in the frequency range of 30 kHz-800 MHz. Without the presence of DEP, the number of algae (104 cells/mL) and chlorophyll content (mg/L) increased at the rates of 207.73 × 104 cells/mL and 148.1 mg/L per day, respectively. After 6 days of exposing Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) algae to different DEP concentrations, the growth rate decreased down to -11.92 × 104 cells/mL and -19.19 mg/L (50 mg DEP), respectively. Additionally, the linearity of the relationship kept decreasing as the DEP content increased from R2 = 0.9716 to R2 = 0.1050 and from R2 = 0.9293 to R2 = 0.4961, respectively. Dielectric spectroscopy using the custom, transmission line probe, at 740 MHz, showed linear relationship (-1.22 dB/day) between the reflection coefficient (S11) and hence complex permittivity (ɛ' & ɛ″) without the presence of DEP. However, as the DEP content increased, algae growth was prohibited more intensely, shown both from the number of algae and the chlorophyll content. This trend was reflected on S11 and subsequently on the complex permittivity. This relationship confirms the capability of this method to monitor the growth of marine algae in almost real-time. This dielectric spectroscopy method could be a potential, low-cost tool to examine the impact of microplastic pollutants on marine microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Wenchao
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Marios Sophocleous
- eBOS Technologies Ltd, Arch. Makariou III and Mesaorias 1, Lakatamia, Nicosia 2090, Cyprus
| | - Yihe Qu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Jing
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Suramate Chalermwisutkul
- The Sirindhorn International Thai German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mohammad Russel
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Wang JH, Zhang JT, Chi ZY, Kong FT, Zhang Q. The long overlooked microalgal nitrous oxide emission: Characteristics, mechanisms, and influencing factors in microalgae-based wastewater treatment scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159153. [PMID: 36195148 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment is particularly advantageous in simultaneous CO2 sequestration and nutrients recovery, and has received increasing recognition and attention in the global context of synergistic pollutants and carbon reduction. However, the fact that microalgae themselves can generate the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) has been long overlooked, most previous research mainly regarded microalgae as labile organic carbon source or oxygenic approach that interfere bacterial nitrification-denitrification and the concomitant N2O production. This study, therefore, summarized the amount and rate of N2O emission in microalgae-based systems, interpreted in-depth the multiple pathways that lead to NO formation as the key precursor of N2O, and the pathways that transform NO into N2O. Reduction of nitrite could take place in either the cytoplasm or the mitochondria to form NO by a series of enzymes, while the NO could be enzymatically reduced to N2O at the chloroplasts or the mitochondria respectively under light and dark conditions. The influences of abiotic factors on microalgal N2O emission were analyzed, including nitrogen types and concentrations that directly affect the nitrogen transformation routes, illumination and oxygen conditions that regulate the enzymatic activities related to N2O generation, and other factors that indirectly interfere N2O emission via NO regulation. The uncertainty of microalgae-based N2O emission in wastewater treatment scenarios were emphasized, which would be particularly impacted by the complex competition between microalgae and ammonia oxidizing bacteria or nitrite oxidizing bacteria over ammonium or inorganic carbon source. Future studies should put more efforts in improving the compatibility of N2O emission results expressions, and adopting consistent NO detection methods for N2O emission prediction. This review will provide much valuable information on the characteristics and mechanisms of microalgal N2O emission, and arouse more attention to the non-negligible N2O emission that may impair overall greenhouse gas reduction efficiency in microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing-Han Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Jing-Tian Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Zhan-You Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Fan-Tao Kong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China
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14
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Application study of RGB color extraction in water toxicity detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 149:108270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Ghosh D, Das S, Gahlot VK, Pulimi M, Anand S, Chandrasekaran N, Rai PK, Mukherjee A. A comprehensive estimate of the aggregation and transport of nSiO 2 in static and dynamic aqueous systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:675-688. [PMID: 35388853 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00016d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nSiO2) are extensively used in diverse fields and are inevitably released into the natural environment. Their overall aggregation behaviour in the environmental matrix can determine their fate and ecotoxicological effect on terrestrial and aquatic life. The current study systematically evaluates multiple parameters that can influence the stability of colloidal nSiO2 (47 nm) in the natural aquatic environment. At first, the influence of several hydrochemical parameters such as pH (5, 7, and 9), ionic strength (IS) (10, 50, and 100 mM), and humic acid (HA) (0.1, 1, and 10 mg L-1) was examined to understand the overall aggregation process of nSiO2. Furthermore, the synergistic and antagonistic effects of ionic strength and humic acid on the transport of nSiO2 in the aqueous environment were examined. Our experimental findings indicate that pH, ionic strength, and humic acid all had a profound influence on the sedimentation process of nSiO2. The experimental observations were corroborated by calculating the DLVO interaction energy profile, which was shown to be congruent with the transport patterns. The present study also highlights the influence of high and low shear forces on the sedimentation process of nSiO2 in the aqueous medium. The presence of shear force altered the collision efficiency and other interactive forces between the nanoparticles in the colloidal suspension. Under the experimental stirring conditions, a higher abundance of dispersed nSiO2 in the upper layer of the aqueous medium was noted. Additionally, the transport behaviour of nSiO2 was studied in a variety of natural water systems, including rivers, lakes, ground, and tap water. The study significantly contributes to our understanding of the different physical, chemical, and environmental aspects that can critically impact the sedimentation and spatial distribution of nSiO2 in static and dynamic aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Ghosh
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Soupam Das
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vikas Kumar Gahlot
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Mrudula Pulimi
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shalini Anand
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - N Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Rai
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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16
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Kinetic Aspects of the Interactions between TiO2 Nanoparticles, Mercury and the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ENVIRONMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/environments9040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to mixtures of environmental pollutants, including engineered nanoparticles; however, the interactions underlying cocktails’ effects are poorly understood, in particular, the kinetic aspects. The present study explored the time course of the interactions between nano-sized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) with different primary particle sizes, algae and inorganic mercury (Hg) over 96 h under conditions that were representative of a highly contaminated environment. The results showed that nTiO2 with smaller primary particle size and higher concentrations rapidly reduced the adsorption and internalization of mercury by green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Such a mitigating effect on mercury bioavailability could be explained by the strong adsorbing capacity of nTiO2 for Hg and the aggregation and sedimentation of nTiO2 and bound Hg. The present study highlighted the key processes determining the bioavailability of mercury to the algae in mixture exposure under conditions representative of a highly contaminated environment, such as industrial wastewater effluents.
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17
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Giroux M, Zahra Z, Salawu OA, Burgess RM, Ho KT, Adeleye AS. Assessing the Environmental Effects Related to Quantum Dot Structure, Function, Synthesis and Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2022; 9:867-910. [PMID: 35401985 PMCID: PMC8992011 DOI: 10.1039/d1en00712b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are engineered semiconductor nanocrystals with unique fluorescent, quantum confinement, and quantum yield properties, making them valuable in a range of commercial and consumer imaging, display, and lighting technologies. Production and usage of QDs are increasing, which increases the probability of these nanoparticles entering the environment at various phases of their life cycle. This review discusses the major types and applications of QDs, their potential environmental exposures, fates, and adverse effects on organisms. For most applications, release to the environment is mainly expected to occur during QD synthesis and end-product manufacturing since encapsulation of QDs in these devices prevents release during normal use or landfilling. In natural waters, the fate of QDs is controlled by water chemistry, light intensity, and the physicochemical properties of QDs. Research on the adverse effects of QDs primarily focuses on sublethal endpoints rather than acute toxicity, and the differences in toxicity between pristine and weathered nanoparticles are highlighted. A proposed oxidative stress adverse outcome pathway framework demonstrates the similarities among metallic and carbon-based QDs that induce reactive oxygen species formation leading to DNA damage, reduced growth, and impaired reproduction in several organisms. To accurately evaluate environmental risk, this review identifies critical data gaps in QD exposure and ecological effects, and provides recommendations for future research. Future QD regulation should emphasize exposure and sublethal effects of metal ions released as the nanoparticles weather under environmental conditions. To date, human exposure to QDs from the environment and resulting adverse effects has not been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Giroux
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Zahra Zahra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Omobayo A. Salawu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Robert M Burgess
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kay T Ho
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Adeyemi S Adeleye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
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18
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Roy R, Kandrapu VK, Kempter L, Islam R, Kalčíková G, Schulz R, Bundschuh M. Nanosized titanium dioxide elevates toxicity of cationic metals species for Daphnia - have aging and natural organic matter an unexpected impact? Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:16-28. [PMID: 35085470 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2027538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems, nanosized titanium dioxide particles (nTiO2) likely interact with natural organic matter (NOM) and may alter the ecotoxicity of co-occurring metals. The magnitude of changes in toxicity may be modulated by the duration of interactions (i.e. aging) between these factors. As those interactions are hardly addressed in literature, the present study aimed at assessing the impact of aging durations (0, 1, 3 and 6 days) on metals with mainly cationic (silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd)) or anionic (arsenic (As)) toxic ions in combination with three nTiO2 levels (0.0, 0.6 and 3.0 mg/L) and two NOM levels (0 versus 8 mg TOC/L). The interaction of these factors was additionally investigated for two aging scenarios: in one scenario nTiO2 were aged together with one of the metals, while in other scenario metals were added to aged nTiO2. Subsequently, their combined acute effects on Daphnia magna were assessed. The results uncovered that nTiO2 elevate the toxicity of metals with mainly cationic species (i.e. Ag+ and Cd2+) with the effect size depending on their valence electron. Contrary, nTiO2 have no impact on the metal with mainly anionic species (i.e. HAsO42-). Furthermore, NOM reduced metal toxicity only for Ag and aging duration had a limited impact on the test outcome suggesting that relevant interactions between metal and nTiO2 occur rather quick (below 24 h). These findings suggest that the charge of metals' most toxic species is the determining factor for its interaction with nanoparticles and the resulting ecotoxicological effect assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Roy
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Vinod Kumar Kandrapu
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Lucas Kempter
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Rezaul Islam
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Gabriela Kalčíková
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany.,Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Individual and Binary Mixture Toxicity of Five Nanoparticles in Marine Microalga Heterosigma akashiwo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020990. [PMID: 35055175 PMCID: PMC8780840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the combined toxic action of different types of nanoparticles (NPs) and their interaction between each other and with aquatic organisms is an important problem of modern ecotoxicology. In this study, we assessed the individual and mixture toxicities of cadmium and zinc sulfides (CdS and ZnS), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and two types of mesoporous silicon dioxide (with no inclusions (SMB3) and with metal inclusions (SMB24)) by a microalga growth inhibition bioassay. The counting and size measurement of microalga cells and NPs were performed by flow cytometry. The biochemical endpoints were measured by a UV-VIS microplate spectrophotometer. The highest toxicity was observed for SMB24 (EC50, 3.6 mg/L) and CdS (EC50, 21.3 mg/L). A combined toxicity bioassay demonstrated that TiO2 and the SMB3 NPs had a synergistic toxic effect in combinations with all the tested samples except SMB24, probably caused by a “Trojan horse effect”. Sample SMB24 had antagonistic toxic action with CdS and ZnS, which was probably caused by metal ion scavenging.
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20
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Hashem MM, Abo-EL-Sooud K, Hassan BA, Elbohi KM, Al-Sagheer AA. Effects of Co-Exposure of Nanoparticles and Metals on Different Organisms: A Review. TOXICS 2021; 9:284. [PMID: 34822675 PMCID: PMC8623643 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Wide nanotechnology applications and the commercialization of consumer products containing engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have increased the release of nanoparticles (NPs) to the environment. Titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and silica NPs are widely implicated NPs in industrial, medicinal, and food products. Different types of pollutants usually co-exist in the environment. Heavy metals (HMs) are widely distributed pollutants that could potentially co-occur with NPs in the environment. Similar to what occurs with NPs, HMs accumulation in the environment results from anthropogenic activities, in addition to some natural sources. These pollutants remain in the environment for long periods and have an impact on several organisms through different routes of exposure in soil, water, and air. The impact on complex systems results from the interactions between NPs and HMs and the organisms. This review describes the outcomes of simultaneous exposure to the most commonly found ENMs and HMs, particularly on soil and aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; (M.M.H.); (K.A.-E.-S.)
| | - Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; (M.M.H.); (K.A.-E.-S.)
| | - Bayan A. Hassan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo 41639, Egypt;
| | - Khlood M. Elbohi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Adham A. Al-Sagheer
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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21
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Huang B, Cui YQ, Guo WB, Yang L, Miao AJ. Regulation of cadmium bioaccumulation in zebrafish by the aggregation state of TiO 2 nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126510. [PMID: 34216965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential effects of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) on metal bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms have been the focus of increasing research attention. However, while NPs typically aggregate, the role of aggregation in NP-mediated metal bioaccumulation is largely unknown. The present study investigated the effects of polyacrylate-coated TiO2 (anatase) NPs (AnaNPs) on Cd bioaccumulation in zebrafish. The Ca concentration in the experimental medium was manipulated to regulate AnaNP aggregation. At the low Ca concentration, the AnaNPs were well-dispersed and there was little bioaccumulation. Under this condition, Cd bioaccumulation was mainly via the uptake of free ions (Route 1), with only a minor contribution from NP-Cd complexes (Route 2). Therefore, AnaNPs decreased Cd bioaccumulation, as their inductive carrier effect could not offset the inhibition induced by the decrease in the free Cd ion concentration as a result of NP adsorption. At the high Ca concentration, the AnaNPs aggregated and their bioaccumulation increased. Accordingly, Cd bioaccumulation was equally accounted for by Routes 1 and 2 but the overall amount of Cd remained unchanged because the inductive effect of the AnaNPs offset their inhibitory effect. Thus, during risk evaluations of NPs, the contribution of aggregation to metal bioaccumulation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Yu-Qing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Wen-Bo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Ai-Jun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China.
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22
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Wang P, Zhao L, Huang Y, Qian W, Zhu X, Wang Z, Cai Z. Combined toxicity of nano-TiO 2 and Cd 2+ to Scenedesmus obliquus: Effects at different concentration ratios. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126354. [PMID: 34130160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The continuous release of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) to environments raised concerns on their combined toxicological risks with co-existing contaminants, since MNMs might severely alter the environmental behavior and fate of the contaminants. In this study, the combined toxicity of nano-sized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) and cadmium (Cd2+) to the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus and the underlying physicochemical mechanisms were investigated for the first time at different concentration ratios of Cd2+ to nTiO2 to closely mimic the realistic environment scenarios where the concentration ratios of nTiO2 to other contaminants are constantly changing. Our results suggested that under the co-exposure to different concentration ratios of Cd2+ to nTiO2, the co-exposure contaminants exhibited three different combined toxicity modes (antagonistic, partially additive, and synergistic). Specifically, antagonistic combined toxicity was observed under co-exposure to a low concentration ratio of nTiO2 to Cd2+ as the absorption by nTiO2 decreased the bioavailability of Cd2+. However, the partially additive and synergistic combined toxicity occurred when the proportion of nTiO2 in the co-exposure system was relatively high, which would mechanically and/or oxidatively damage the alga cell structures. Even worse, as a carrier of Cd2+, nTiO2 enhanced the amount of Cd2+ entering cells, which significantly enhanced the toxicity of Cd2+ to algae. Overall, we demonstrated that concentration ratios of nTiO2 to Cd2+ play an important role in determining the combined toxicity mode, which would provide a novel reference to environmental and health risk assessment of co-exposure to conventional pollutants and MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiong Huang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 2141122, China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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23
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Li C, Zheng C, Fu H, Zhai S, Hu F, Naveed S, Zhang C, Ge Y. Contrasting detoxification mechanisms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Cd and Pb stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129771. [PMID: 33549886 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been frequently investigated for its resistance to metals; however, few studies have systematically compared the intracellular and extracellular processes involved in the detoxification of Cd and Pb by this microalga. We found that C. reinhardtii was more tolerant to Pb (concentration for 50% of the maximal effect; EC50: 29.48 ± 8.83 mg L-1) than to Cd (EC50: 12.48 ± 1.30 mg L-1) after 96 h of exposure. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), intracellular starch granules, lipid droplets, and glutathione were significantly increased under Cd and Pb treatments. Lead-containing particles were formed outside of the cells exposed to 30 mg L-1 of Pb, whereas no minerals were present when Cd was added. Various EPS functional groups, including -COOH, C-O-C (polysaccharides), and amide I and II (proteins), were involved in the interactions with Cd and Pb. The Pb removal rate (60.46-78.27%) by C. reinhardtii was higher than that of Cd (50.61-59.38%), and the microalgal cells with intact EPS bound more metals than those without EPS. Adsorption accounted for 79.62% of the total Cd accumulation in the low-Cd treatment, whereas absorption dominated the Pb accumulation at low Pb concentrations. The distributions of Cd and Pb in and out of the microalgal cells were reversed when the concentrations of the two metals increased. The detoxification strategies of C. reinhardtii for Cd and Pb were completely different, and these findings may assist in the phycoremediation of metal pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghua Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Chao Zheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongxuan Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Suhua Zhai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fan Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Demonstration Laboratory of Element and Life Science Research, Laboratory Centre of Life Science, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Ge
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Li L, Lin X, Chen T, Liu K, Chen Y, Yang Z, Liu D, Xu G, Wang X, Lin G. Systematic evaluation of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots toxicity on the reproduction and offspring health in male BALB/c mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111946. [PMID: 33493718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increased applications of quantum dots (QDs) in the biomedical field have aroused attention for their potential toxicological effects. Although numerous studies have been carried out on the toxicity of QDs, their effects on reproductive and development are still unclear. In this study, we systematically evaluated the male reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity of CdSe/ZnS QDs in BALB/c mice. The male mice were injected intravenously with CdSe/ZnS QDs at the dosage of 2.5 mg/kg BW or 25 mg/kg BW, respectively, and the survival status, biodistribution of QDs in testes, serum sex hormone levels, histopathology, sperm motility and acrosome integrity was measured on Day 1, 7, 14, 28 and 42 after injection. On Day 35 after treatment, male mice were housed with non-exposed female mice, and then offspring number, body weight, organ index and histopathology of major organs, blood routine and biochemical tests of offspring were measured to evaluate the fertility and offspring health. The results showed that CdSe/ZnS QDs could rapidly distribute in the testis, and the fluorescence of QDs could still be detected on Day 42 post-injection. QDs had no adverse effect on the structure of testis and epididymis, but high-dose QDs could induce apoptosis of Leydig cells in testis at an early stage. No significant differences in survival of state, body weight organ index of testis and epididymis, sex hormones levels, sperm quality, sperm acrosome integrity and fertility of male mice were observed in QDs exposed groups. However, the development of offspring was obviously influenced, which was mainly manifested in the slow growth of offspring, changes in organ index of main organs, and the abnormality of liver and kidney function parameters. Our findings revealed that CdSe/ZnS QDs were able to cross the blood-testis barrier (BTB), produce no discernible toxic effects on the male reproductive system, but could affect the healthy growth of future generations to some extent. In view of the broad application prospect of QDs in biomedical fields, our findings might provide insight into the biological safety evaluation of the reproductive health of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiaotan Lin
- Department of Family Planning, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yajing Chen
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongmeng Liu
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guimiao Lin
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China; Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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25
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Zhao Z, Xu L, Wang Y, Li B, Zhang W, Li X. Toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: photosynthesis, oxidative stress, membrane permeability, and ultrastructure analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:15032-15042. [PMID: 33222069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are widely used in daily life and inevitably discharged into the aquatic environment, causing increasingly serious pollution. Research on the toxicity of Ag-NPs is still in infancy, little information is available on the relationships between oxidative stress and antioxidant, as well as damaging degrees of Ag-NPs to cellular structural components of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtiii). In the present study, we revealed the toxicity mechanism of C. reinhardtii under Ag-NPs stress using flow cytometry (FCM), metabolic methods, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the chloroplasts were damaged and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments was inhibited under Ag-NPs stress, which inhibited the growth of C. reinhardtii. Meanwhile, Ag-NPs also caused C. reinhardtii to produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased malondialdehyde content and changed the permeability of cell membrane, resulting in the acceleration of internalization of Ag-NPs. The decrease of cell size and intracellular chlorophyll autofluorescence was observed with FCM. To deal with the induced excessive ROS that could lead to lethal and irreversible structure damage, C. reinhardtii activated antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. This study provides new information for better understanding the potential toxicity risks of Ag-NPs in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhao
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Bihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Andreani T, Nogueira V, Gavina A, Fernandes S, Rodrigues JL, Pinto VV, Ferreira MJ, Silva AM, Pereira CM, Pereira R. Ecotoxicity to Freshwater Organisms and Cytotoxicity of Nanomaterials: Are We Generating Sufficient Data for Their Risk Assessment? NANOMATERIALS 2020; 11:nano11010066. [PMID: 33396620 PMCID: PMC7824120 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the eco-cytotoxicity of several forms of nanomaterials (NM), such as nano-CuO, nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2 and nano-ZnO, on different aquatic species (Raphidocelis subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Lemna minor) following standard protocols and on human cell lines (Caco-2, SV-80, HepG2 and HaCaT). Predicted no-effect concentrations (PNEC) or hazard concentrations for 5% of the species (HC5) were also estimated based on the compilation of data available in the literature. Most of the NM agglomerated strongly in the selected culture media. For the ecotoxicity assays, nano-CuO and nano-ZnO even in particle agglomeration state were the most toxic NM to the freshwater organisms compared to nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2. Nano-ZnO was the most toxic NM to R. subcapitata and D. magna, while nano-CuO was found to be very toxic to L. minor. Nano-CuO was very toxic to Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, particularly at the highest tested concentrations, while the other NM showed no toxicity to the different cell lines. The HC5 and PNEC values are still highly protective, due to data limitations. However, the present study provides consistent evidence of the potential risks of both nano-CuO and nano-ZnO against aquatic organisms and also their effects on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Andreani
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, CIQUP & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- CITAB—Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (R.P.); Tel.: +351-220-402-000 (T.A. & R.P.)
| | - Verónica Nogueira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
| | - Ana Gavina
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (S.F.)
| | - Saul Fernandes
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (S.F.)
| | - José Luís Rodrigues
- Centro Tecnológico do Calçado de Portugal, Rua de Fundões—Devesa Velha, 3700-121 São João Madeira, Portugal; (J.L.R.); (V.V.P.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Vera V. Pinto
- Centro Tecnológico do Calçado de Portugal, Rua de Fundões—Devesa Velha, 3700-121 São João Madeira, Portugal; (J.L.R.); (V.V.P.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Maria José Ferreira
- Centro Tecnológico do Calçado de Portugal, Rua de Fundões—Devesa Velha, 3700-121 São João Madeira, Portugal; (J.L.R.); (V.V.P.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- CITAB—Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Pereira
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, CIQUP & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (R.P.); Tel.: +351-220-402-000 (T.A. & R.P.)
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Wang Q, Wangjin X, Zhang Y, Wang N, Wang Y, Meng G, Chen Y. The toxicity of virgin and UV-aged PVC microplastics on the growth of freshwater algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:141603. [PMID: 32829280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although more attention has been paid to plastic pollution in marine ecosystems, research on the influence of plastic in freshwater ecosystems remains limited. To help fill this information gap, this article represents an investigation of the effects of virgin polyvinyl chloride (v-PVC) microplastics (MPs) and UV-aged polyvinyl chloride (a-PVC) MPs on the growth and chlorophyll content of the freshwater algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) at different periods (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). The results suggest that both virgin and aged PVC MPs have negative effects on the growth of C. reinhardtii in the range of 10 mg/L to 200 mg/L, which leads to the reduction of chlorophyll-a level in the cells. Furthermore, a-PVC MPs were more toxic than v-PVC MPs, as shown by the a-PVC MPs' lower EC50 values after 96 h (63.66 mg/L for a-PVC MPs and 104.93 mg/L for v-PVC MPs). The inhibition effect of both kinds of PVC was also testified by the enhancement of enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in algae. Meanwhile, a-PVC MPs obviously had a higher toxicity than v-PVC MPs. The aging process that affected the surface characteristics of a-PVC was identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Zetasizer. The carbonyl groups formed on the surface and the increased zeta potential of the a-PVC MPs affected the interaction between the microplastics and the algae, which increased the toxicity of aged microplastics. The research results presented here provide more evidence of the risks microplastics bring into the freshwater ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongjie Wang
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China..
| | - Xiaoxue Wangjin
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Ningxin Wang
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Yulai Wang
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Guanhua Meng
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- School of Energy and the Environment, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
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Ding N, Wang L, Kang Y, Luo K, Zeng D, Man YB, Zhang Q, Zeng L, Luo J, Jiang F. The comparison of transcriptomic response of green microalga Chlorella sorokiniana exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of cadmium(II) and 4-n-nonylphenol. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2881-2894. [PMID: 32026273 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptomic response of green microalga Chlorella sorokiniana exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of cadmium(II) (Cd) and 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) was compared in the present study. Cd and 4-n-NP exposure showed a similar pattern of dys-regulated pathways. The photosystem was affected due to suppression of chlorophyll biosynthesis via down-regulation of Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase subunit ChlD (CHLD) and divinyl chlorophyllide a 8-vinyl-reductase (DVR) in Cd group and via down-regulation of DVR in 4-n-NP group. Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be induced through down-regulation of solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1 (SPS1) and homogentisate phytyltransferase (HPT) in Cd group and via down-regulation of HPT in 4-n-NP group. Additionally, Cd and 4-n-NP would both cause the dys-regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and protein synthesis. On the other hand, there are some different responses or detoxification mechanism of C. sorokiniana to 4-n-NP stress compared to Cd exposure. The increased ROS would cause the DNA damage and protein destruction in Cd exposure group. Simultaneously, the RNA transcription was dys-regulated and a series of changes in gene expressions were observed. This included lipid metabolism, protein modification, and DNA repair, which involved in response of C. sorokiniana to Cd stress or detoxification of Cd. For 4-n-NP exposure, no effect on lipid metabolism and DNA repair was observed. The nucleotide metabolism including pyrimidine metabolism and purine metabolism was significantly up-regulated in the 4-n-NP exposure group, but not in the Cd exposure group. In addition, 4-n-NP would induce the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and proteasomal degradation to diminish the misfolded protein caused by ROS and down-regulation of heat shocking protein 40. In sum, the Cd and 4-n-NP could cause the same toxicological effects via the common pathways and possess similar detoxification mechanism. They also showed different responses in nucleotide metabolism, lipid metabolism, and DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ding
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Kang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kesong Luo
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Diya Zeng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bon Man
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiuyun Zhang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixuan Zeng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Luo
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Ding W, Tan S, Zeng X. Stability of Nano-ZnO in simulated landfill leachate containing heavy metal ions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 198:110641. [PMID: 32353603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As the presence of nanosized zinc oxide particles (nano-ZnO) in landfill leachate increases, their interaction with coexisting heavy metal ions (HMs) also increases. The interface interaction between nano-ZnO and HMs will influence nano-ZnO stability and therefore affect its bioavailability and environmental impact. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cu(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) ions on the aggregation, sedimentation, and dissolution of nano-ZnO using batch experiments with a view to better understanding their co-effect on the environment. Dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy results show enhanced aggregation of nano-ZnO in the presence of Cr(VI) ions under fresh landfill leachate conditions, in addition to distinct sedimentation of nano-ZnO in the presence of Cr(III) ions in both fresh and aged landfill leachate. In fresh leachate, Cu(II) ions improved the concentration of dissolved Zn from nano-ZnO. However, the effects of Cu(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) ions on the aggregation and dissolution of nano-ZnO were markedly reduced in aged landfill leachate. Both acetic and humic acids in landfill leachate significantly affected the stability of nano-ZnO in the presence of HMs. According to the ATR-FTIR results, Cr(III) ions reacted with hydroxyl groups on nano-ZnO to form ZnO-O bonds, which induced chains of nano-ZnO and Cr(III) complexes, and hence the increased of nano-ZnO aggregates. ATR-FTIR shows merely electrostatic adsorption effects between nano-ZnO and Cu(II) or Cr(VI) ions. In brief, the mode of interactions between HMs and nano-ZnO influenced the stability via adsorption and binding effects. The results of the present research provide insight into the potential effects of nano-ZnO on the environment in the presence of HMs in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wenchuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Siying Tan
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaolan Zeng
- National Center for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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30
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Zsiros O, Nagy G, Patai R, Solymosi K, Gasser U, Polgár TF, Garab G, Kovács L, Hörcsik ZT. Similarities and Differences in the Effects of Toxic Concentrations of Cadmium and Chromium on the Structure and Functions of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlorella variabilis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1006. [PMID: 32733513 PMCID: PMC7358611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal contaminations in natural waters, wetlands, and wastewaters pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems-mainly via targeting microalgae. In this work, we investigated the effects of toxic amounts of chromium and cadmium ions on the structure and function of the photosynthetic machinery of Chlorella variabilis cells. To halt the propagation of cells, we used high concentrations of Cd and Cr, 50-50 mg L-1, in the forms of CdCl2 x 2.5 H2O and K2Cr2O7, respectively. Both treatments led to similar, about 50% gradual diminishment of the chlorophyll contents of the cells in 48 h, which was, however, accompanied by a small (~10%) but statistically significant enrichment (Cd) and loss (Cr) of ß-carotene. Both Cd and Cr inhibited the activity of photosystem II (PSII)-but with more severe inhibitions with Cr. On the contrary, the PsbA (D1) protein of PSII and the PsbO protein of the oxygen-evolving complex were retained more in Cr-treated cells than in the presence of Cd. These data and the higher susceptibility of P700 redox transients in Cr-treated cells suggest that, unlike with Cd, PSII is not the main target in the photochemical apparatus. These differences at the level of photochemistry also brought about dissimilarities at higher levels of the structural complexity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy measurements revealed moderate perturbations in the macro-organization of the protein complexes-with more pronounced decline in Cd-treated cells than in the cells with Cr. Also, as reflected by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering, the thylakoid membranes suffered shrinking and were largely fragmented in Cd-treated cells, whereas no changes could be discerned with Cr. The preservation of integrity of membranes in Cr-treated cells was most probably aided by high proportion of the de-epoxidized xanthophylls, which were absent with Cd. It can thus be concluded that beside strong similarities of the toxic effects of Cr and Cd, the response of the photosynthetic machinery of C. variabilis to these two trace metal ions substantially differ from each other-strongly suggesting different inhibitory and protective mechanisms following the primary toxic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottó Zsiros
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Urs Gasser
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tamás F. Polgár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tibor Hörcsik
- Department of Biology Nyíregyháza, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Khan MAM, Alhadlaq HA. Reduced graphene oxide mitigates cadmium-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 143:111515. [PMID: 32634506 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Numerous applications of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and pervasive cadmium (Cd) have led concern about their co-exposure to the environment and human. We studied the combined effects of RGO and Cd in human liver (HepG2) cells. Initially, we found that RGO (up to 50 μg/ml) did not harm to HepG2 cells while Cd induced dose-dependent (1-10 μg/ml) cytotoxicity. Exciting observations were that a non-cytotoxic concentration of RGO (25 μg/ml) effectively mitigates the toxic effects of Cd (2 μg/ml) such as cell viability reduction, lactate dehydrogenase release, and irregular cell morphology. Cd-induced cell cycle arrest, induction of caspases (3 and 9) enzymes activity, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were also significantly alleviated by RGO co-exposure. Moreover, generation of pro-oxidants (reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide levels) and depletion of antioxidants (glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity) due to Cd exposure was effectively attenuated by RGO co-exposure. Mitigating effect of RGO could be due to strong adsorption of Cd on the large surface area of RGO sheets, which decrease the cellular uptake and bioavailability of Cd for HepG2 cells. This study warrants future research on potential mechanisms of mitigating effects of RGO against Cd-induced toxicity in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Majeed Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Alhadlaq
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Li M, Liu W, Slaveykova VI. NanoTiO 2 materials mitigate mercury uptake and effects on green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in mixture exposure. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 224:105502. [PMID: 32480176 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nanoTiO2) and mercury (Hg) compounds on the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mixtures containing nanoTiO2 of different primary sizes (5 nm, 15 nm and 20 nm), inorganic Hg (IHg) or monomethyl Hg (CH3Hg+, MeHg) were studied and compared with individual treatments. Oxidative stress and membrane damage were examined. Stability of nanoTiO2 materials in terms of hydrodynamic size and surface charge as well as Hg adsorption on different nanoTiO2 materials were characterized. The uptake of Hg compounds in the absence and presence of nanoTiO2 was also quantified. Results show that increasing concentrations of nanoTiO2 with different primary size diminished oxidative stress and membrane damage induced by high concentrations of IHg or MeHg, due to the adsorption of Hg on the nanoTiO2 aggregates and consequent decrease of cellular Hg concentrations. The observed alleviation effect of nanoTiO2 materials on Hg biouptake and toxicity was more pronounced for the materials with smaller primary size. IHg adsorbed onto the nanoTiO2 materials to a higher extent than MeHg. The present study highlights that the effects of contaminants are modulated by the co-existing engineered nanomaterials; therefore, it is essential to get a better understanding of their combined effect in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66, Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Wei Liu
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66, Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Vera I Slaveykova
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66, Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
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Pikula K, Mintcheva N, Kulinich SA, Zakharenko A, Markina Z, Chaika V, Orlova T, Mezhuev Y, Kokkinakis E, Tsatsakis A, Golokhvast K. Aquatic toxicity and mode of action of CdS and ZnS nanoparticles in four microalgae species. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109513. [PMID: 32305679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the differences in toxic action between cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by recently developed xanthate-mediated method. The aquatic toxicity of the synthesized NPs on four marine microalgae species was explored. Growth rate, esterase activity, membrane potential, and morphological changes of microalgae cells were evaluated using flow cytometry and optical microscopy. CdS and ZnS NPs demonstrated similar level of general toxicity and growth-rate inhibition to all used microalgae species, except the red algae P. purpureum. More specifically, CdS NPs caused higher inhibition of growth rate for C. muelleri and P. purpureum, while ZnS NPs were more toxic for A. ussuriensis and H. akashiwo species. Our findings suggest that the sensitivity of different microalgae species to CdS and ZnS NPs depends on the chemical composition of NPs and their ability to interact with the components of microalgal cell-wall. The red microalga was highly resistant to ZnS NPs most likely due to the presence of phycoerythrin proteins in the outer membrane bound Zn2+ cations defending their cells from further toxic influence. The treatment with CdS NPs caused morphological changes and biochemical disorder in all tested microalgae species. The toxicity of CdS NPs is based on their higher photoactivity under visible light irradiation and lower dissociation in water, which allows them to generate more reactive oxygen species and create a higher risk of oxidative stress to aquatic organisms. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of the parameters affecting the aquatic toxicity of semiconductor NPs and provide a basis for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Pikula
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation; N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Saint Petersburg, 190121, Russian Federation.
| | - Neli Mintcheva
- Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan; Department of Chemistry, University of Mining and Geology, Sofia, 1700, Bulgaria
| | - Sergei A Kulinich
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation; Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Alexander Zakharenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation; N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Saint Petersburg, 190121, Russian Federation
| | - Zhanna Markina
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation; A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690014, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Chaika
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Orlova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690014, Russian Federation
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation
| | - Emmanouil Kokkinakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Greece; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119048, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill Golokhvast
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation; N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Saint Petersburg, 190121, Russian Federation; Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, 690014, Russian Federation
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Krishnakumar B, Ravikumar S, Pandiyan V, Nithya V, Sylvestre S, Sivakumar P, Surya C, John NAA, Sobral AJ. Synthesis, characterization of porphyrin and CdS modified spherical shaped SiO2 for Reactive Red 120 degradation under direct sunlight. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang Y, Duan X, Bai L, Quan X. Effects of nanomaterials on metal toxicity: Case study of graphene family on Cd. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110448. [PMID: 32171960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The risk of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) on aquatic organisms has drawn widespread attentions, but the effects of nanomaterials (e.g. graphene (G)) on Cd toxicity are rarely clarified. It was known that mixture of contaminants may exhibit more severe impact than the individual metal. Here, we conducted a study systematically on the effects of nanomaterials on the toxicity of Cd to Scenedesmus Obliquus (S. obliquus) with or without the presence of graphene family materials (GFMs) derived from G, such as graphene oxide (GO) and amine-modified graphene (GNH). Our results showed that the influence of GFMs on the acute toxicity of Cd to S. obliquus is in the order of GO > G > GNH based on their EC50 of Cd-GFMs. The effects of GFMs on the cytotoxicity and oxidative damage of Cd to S. obliquus are varied with the concentrations of GFMs. The differences between the effects of GFMs on Cd toxicity may attribute to their different surface oxygen-containing functional groups contained in the nanomaterials. The adsorption capacity of nanomaterials on metal ions, their dispersibility in water and their interaction mode with organisms, may dominate main contributions to their effects on Cd toxicity. Our study aids to clarify the interference of nanoparticles on the ecotoxicity of metals, to avoid the misunderstanding of the potential risk of metals in the complicate water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xingwei Duan
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Lulu Bai
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xie Quan
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Alhadlaq HA. Influence of silica nanoparticles on cadmium-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in human liver HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:599-608. [PMID: 31904905 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extensive application of amorphous silica nanoparticles (Si NPs) and ubiquitous cadmium (Cd) may increase their chances of coexposure to humans. Studies on combined effects of Si NPs and Cd in human cells are very limited. We investigated the potential mechanism of toxicity caused by coexposure of amorphous Si NPs and Cd in human liver (HepG2) cells. Results showed that Si NPs were not toxic to HepG2. However, Cd induced significant toxicity in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, we observed that a noncytotoxic concentration of Si NPs potentiated the cytotoxicity of Cd in HepG2 cells. We further noticed that coexposure of Si NPs and Cd augmented oxidative stress evidenced by the generation of oxidants (reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation) and depletion of antioxidants (glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activity). Coexposure of Si NPs and Cd also augmented mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells indicated by altered regulation of apoptotic genes (p53, bax, bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9) along with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Interaction data indicated that Si NPs facilitate the cellular uptake of Cd due to its strong adsorption on the surface of Si NPs. Hence, Si NPs increased the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Cd in HepG2 cells. This study warrants further research to explore the potential mechanisms of combined toxicity of Si NPs and Cd in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Alhadlaq
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Effects of Mixtures of Engineered Nanoparticles and Metallic Pollutants on Aquatic Organisms. ENVIRONMENTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/environments7040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic environment, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are present as complex mixtures with other pollutants, such as trace metals, which could result in synergism, additivity or antagonism of their combined effects. Despite the fact that the toxicity and environmental risk of the ENPs have received extensive attention in the recent years, the interactions of ENPs with other pollutants and the consequent effects on aquatic organisms represent an important challenge in (nano)ecotoxicology. The present review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art and critically discusses the existing knowledge on combined effects of mixtures of ENPs and metallic pollutants on aquatic organisms. The specific emphasis is on the adsorption of metallic pollutants on metal-containing ENPs, transformation and bioavailability of ENPs and metallic pollutants in mixtures. Antagonistic, additive and synergistic effects observed in aquatic organisms co-exposed to ENPs and metallic pollutants are discussed in the case of “particle-proof” and “particle-ingestive” organisms. This knowledge is important in developing efficient strategies for sound environmental impact assessment of mixture exposure in complex environments.
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Yu Z, Zhang T, Zhu Y. Whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome reveal cadmium tolerance related genes and pathways in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 191:110231. [PMID: 31981954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental toxic contaminant, is easily accumulated in living organisms, leading to numerous harmful effects. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular eukaryotic green algae strain, is a very suitable candidate for bioremediation of Cd-contaminated water. However, for the poor resistance to Cd, application of C. reinhardtii was restricted and genes mediating Cd tolerance in C. reinhardtii remain unclear. In this paper, adaptive laboratory evolution was performed with algae constant exposure to Cd over 420-day at environmentally relevant concentrations to select C. reinhardtii strains with high tolerance to Cd. Physiological indicators, such as cell proliferation, photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic activity of photosystem were detected to evaluate the Cd tolerance of selected algae strain ALE0.5. Then, whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome were applied to identify the genes related to Cd tolerance. Genes involved in photosynthesis (PSBP1), glutathione metabolism (CHLREDRAFT_167073, GPX5) and calcium transport (CHLREDRAFT_189266, CHLREDRAFT_191203, CHLREDRAFT_187187, CSE1) were related to Cd tolerance in C. reinhardtii. This study provides a basis for obtaining transgenic C. reinhardtii strains with high Cd tolerance used for bioremediation of Cd pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Lekamge S, Ball AS, Shukla R, Nugegoda D. The Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Organisms in Freshwater. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 248:1-80. [PMID: 30413977 DOI: 10.1007/398_2018_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing industry yielding many benefits to society. However, aquatic environments are at risk as increasing amounts of nanoparticles (NPs) are contaminating waterbodies causing adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this review, the impacts of environmental exposure to NPs, the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of NPs and the surrounding environment on toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity together with NP bioaccumulation and trophic transfer are assessed with a focus on their impacts on bacteria, algae and daphnids. We identify several gaps which need urgent attention in order to make sound decisions to protect the environment. These include uncertainty in both estimated and measured environmental concentrations of NPs for reliable risk assessment and for regulating the NP industry. In addition toxicity tests and risk assessment methodologies specific to NPs are still at the research and development stage. Also conflicting and inconsistent results on physicochemical characteristics and the fate and transport of NPs in the environment suggest the need for further research. Finally, improved understanding of the mechanisms of NP toxicity is crucial in risk assessment of NPs, since conventional toxicity tests may not reflect the risks associated with NPs. Behavioural effects may be more sensitive and would be efficient in certain situations compared with conventional toxicity tests due to low NP concentrations in field conditions. However, the development of such tests is still lacking, and further research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Lekamge
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Lian F, Wang C, Wang C, Gu S, Cao X. Variety-dependent responses of rice plants with differential cadmium accumulating capacity to cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs): Cadmium uptake, antioxidative enzyme activity, and gene expression. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134083. [PMID: 31473548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The excess release of engineered nanomaterials into farmland poses a serious threat to food security. Although rice varieties exhibit substantial variation in cadmium accumulation, their responses to Cd-based nanoparticles are largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the accumulation of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs at 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0mg-Cd/L) in two rice varieties with different Cd accumulation capacity. It was found that 5.0mg-Cd/L of CdTe QDs had minor growth inhibition to the high-Cd-accumulating variety (T705) relative to the low-Cd-accumulating variety (X24) after 7-day exposure. The two rice varieties had comparable Cd content in roots; however, T705 exhibited higher Cd content in shoots than X24. Transmission electron and confocal laser scanning microscopic observations demonstrated that more CdTe QDs can be transported and accumulated from roots to shoots in T705. The activities and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes in leaves of T705 increased more significantly than those of X24. Our findings for the first time validated that Cd accumulation divergence exists in different rice varieties when they are exposed to Cd-based QDs, the genetic basis for which needs to be further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lian
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Changrong Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shiguo Gu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Fabrication and dual-modal imaging properties of quantum dot/silica core-shell particles with immobilized single-nanometer-sized gold nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Pang C, Gong Y. Current Status and Future Prospects of Semiconductor Quantum Dots in Botany. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7561-7568. [PMID: 31246021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of botanical applications of nanomaterials has produced a new generation of technologies that can profoundly impact botanical research. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are an archetype nanomaterial and have received significant interest from diverse research communities, owing to their unique and optimizable optical properties. In this review, we describe the most recent progress on QD-based botanical research and discuss the uptake, translocation, and effects of QDs on plants and the potential applications of QDs in botany. A critical evaluation of the current limitations of QD technologies is discussed, along with the future prospects in QD-based botanical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Pang
- School of Life Sciences , Shanxi Normal University , Linfen , Shanxi 041004 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology , Linfen , Shanxi 041004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Life Sciences , Shanxi Normal University , Linfen , Shanxi 041004 , People's Republic of China
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Ali S, Rizwan M, Hussain A, Zia Ur Rehman M, Ali B, Yousaf B, Wijaya L, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Silicon nanoparticles enhanced the growth and reduced the cadmium accumulation in grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:1-8. [PMID: 31078051 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The application of silicon (Si) under heavy metal stress is well known, but the use of Si nanoparticles (NPs) under metal stress in not well documented. Thus, the experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of soil and foliar applied Si NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in grains under Cd toxicity. The plants were grown under natural environmental conditions and were harvested after physiological maturity (124 days after sowing). The results demonstrated that Si NPs significantly improved, relative to the control, the dry biomass of shoots, roots, spikes and grains by 24-69%, 14-59%, 34-87%, and 31-96% in foliar spray and by 10-51%, 11-49%, 25-69%, and 27-74% in soil applied Si NPs, respectively. The Si NPs enhanced the leaf gas exchange attributes and chlorophyll a and b concentrations, whereas diminished the oxidative stress in leaves which was indicated by the reduced electrolyte leakage and enhancement in superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in leaf under Si NPs treatments over the control. When compared with the control, the foliar spray of Si NPs reduced the Cd contents in shoots, roots, and grains by 16-58%, 19-64%, and 20-82%, respectively, whereas soil applied Si NPs reduced the Cd concentrations in shoots, roots, and grains by 11-53%, 10-59%, and 22-83%, respectively. In comparison with the control, Si concentrations significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in the shoots and roots in both foliar and soil supplementation of Si NPs. Our results suggested that Si NPs could improve the yield of wheat and more importantly, reduce the Cd concentrations in the grains. Thus, the use of Si NPs might be a feasible approach in controlling Cd entry into the human body via crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Maulana Azad Road, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India.
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Yu Z, Zhang T, Hao R, Zhu Y. Sensitivity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to cadmium stress is associated with phototaxis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:1011-1020. [PMID: 31120077 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common hazardous pollutant to aquatic environments and it easily accumulates in living organisms. The roles of phototactic behavior in Cd tolerance in motile organisms are poorly explored. In this study, two Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains, a wild type with positive phototaxis (CC125) and a negatively phototactic mutant (agg1), were used to assess the effects of phototaxis on Cd-induced toxicity to algae. Exposure to Cd inhibited the cell growth and photosynthetic activities, reduced the photosynthetic pigment content, and enhanced the intracellular oxidative stress of algae. Well buffered by EDTA in algae medium, the concentrations of Cd causing 50% growth inhibition (EC50) of CC125 and agg1 for 72 h of exposure were 55.96 and 77.20 μM L-1, respectively. Photosystem II activities in CC125 were more sensitive to Cd than agg1 at 60 μM L-1 Cd. In addition, agg1 accumulated less intracellular Cd than CC125. The changes of extracellular polymeric substances and intracellular response to Cd stress might be related to the different tolerances of the two algae to Cd. Taken together, phototaxis was demonstrated to be associated with Cd-induced toxicity to C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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46
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Pan D, Chen K, Zhou Q, Zhao J, Xue H, Zhang Y, Shen Y. Engineering of CdTe/SiO 2 nanocomposites: Enhanced signal amplification and biocompatibility for electrochemiluminescent immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:178-184. [PMID: 30831420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) performance and cytotoxicity of CdTe quantum dots (QDs)-based nanocomposites and its possible application for ECL immunoassay were investigated. Two types of CdTe-based nanocomposites, i.e., SiO2-coated CdTe (CdTe@SiO2) and CdTe-functionalized SiO2 (SiO2@CdTe), were synthesized and comprehensively compared in regarding of the cytotoxicity and ECL performance. The in vitro cytotoxicity of SiO2@CdTe and CdTe@SiO2 nanoparticles was assessed in L02 cells using standard CCK-8 assay, and their ECL performance was investigated by constructing sandwiched immunosensor using SiO2@CdTe and CdTe@SiO2 as tags for the labelled antibody, respectively. The results showed that CdTe@SiO2 exhibited much lower cytotoxicity and a higher ECL intensity than SiO2@CdTe. Taking the analysis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as an example, the ECL immunosensor using CdTe@SiO2 as an emitter was proved to have a wide linear dynamic range from 1.0 pg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.22 pg mL-1 (S/N ratio of 3). The ECL immunosensor also demonstrated satisfactory recovery and excellent reproducibility and stability, indicating that this method has prospects in practical application in the clinical diagnosis of AFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kaiyang Chen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Huaijia Xue
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wang Y, Kong W, Wang L, Zhang JZ, Li Y, Liu X, Li Y. Optimizing oxygen functional groups in graphene quantum dots for improved antioxidant mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 21:1336-1343. [PMID: 30574959 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06768f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of new antioxidants with quick absorbance of free radicals and excellent biocompatibility has drawn intensive attention in recent years. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) seemed to be one of the most promising antioxidants because of their appropriate antioxidant activity, unique structure, excellent biocompatibility, and low toxicity. However, the relatively low antioxidant activity in comparison with inorganic semiconductor materials and unclear antioxidant mechanism limited their application in cells. In this paper, we further explored their antioxidant mechanism by focusing on the relationship between antioxidant activity and surface oxygen functional groups. The total oxygen fraction was controlled by post-preparation reduction using NaBH4 and the type of oxygen functional groups was adjusted by free radicals during the preparation of GQDs. The degree of reduction and content of surface oxygen groups were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the antioxidant activity was obtained by scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH˙) and hydroxyl (˙OH) free radicals. Based on the analysis of XPS, Raman, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, the relationship between antioxidant activity and the surface oxygen groups of GQDs was obtained, and the antioxidant mechanism of GQDs was revealed with a particular specification of each oxygen group in the antioxidant activity of GQDs, meanwhile, the biocompatibility of GQDs has been demonstrated by cytotoxicity tests. We hope that our results will provide a new insight into a complete antioxidant mechanism of GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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48
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Zhang L, Wu L, Si Y, Shu K. Size-dependent cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to Azotobacter vinelandii: Growth inhibition, cell injury, oxidative stress and internalization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209020. [PMID: 30566461 PMCID: PMC6300289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of nanomaterials on the ecological environment is becoming an increasingly hot research field, and many researchers are exploring the mechanisms of nanomaterial toxicity on microorganisms. Herein, we studied the effect of two different sizes of nanosilver (10 nm and 50 nm) on the soil nitrogen fixation by the model bacteria Azotobacter vinelandii. Smaller size AgNPs correlated with higher toxicity, which was evident from reduced cell numbers. Flow cytometry analysis further confirmed this finding, which was carried out with the same concentration of 10 mg/L for 12 h, the apoptotic rates were20.23% and 3.14% for 10 nm and 50 nm AgNPs, respectively. Structural damage to cells were obvious under scanning electron microscopy. Nitrogenase activity and gene expression assays revealed that AgNPs could inhibit the nitrogen fixation of A. vinelandii. The presence of AgNPs caused intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and electron spin resonance further demonstrated that AgNPs generated hydroxyl radicals, and that AgNPs could cause oxidative damage to bacteria. A combination of Ag content distribution assays and transmission electron microscopy indicated that AgNPs were internalized in A. vinelandii cells. Overall, this study suggested that the toxicity of AgNPs was size and concentration dependent, and the mechanism of antibacterial effects was determined to involve damage to cell membranes and production of reactive oxygen species leading to enzyme inactivation, gene down-regulation and death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lingli Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Youbin Si
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Kunhui Shu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Du J, Tang J, Xu S, Ge J, Dong Y, Li H, Jin M. A review on silver nanoparticles-induced ecotoxicity and the underlying toxicity mechanisms. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 98:231-239. [PMID: 30096342 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are increasingly being applied in many consumer products due to their unique properties. Widespread use of Ag-NPs leads to an increasing human exposure to Ag-NPs in many different pathways. This review summarized the toxicity mechanisms of Ag-NPs based on various environmentally relevant test species, such as bacteria, cells, plants, aquatic animals and mammals, in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Nanoparticles were usually exposed to combination chemicals but to single chemicals in the environment and thereby exert combined toxicities to the organisms. Therefore, the joint effects of nanomaterials and their co-existing characteristics were also discussed. The current knowledge gaps and safe product designs of Ag-NPs have been discussed in detail. The limited and existing data implied that understanding the toxicity mechanisms is crucial to the future research development of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Du
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Junhong Tang
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Shaodan Xu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Jingyuan Ge
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Yuwei Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Huanxuan Li
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Meiqing Jin
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158, Baiyang Rd, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
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