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Eo YS, Kim MS. Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity in Later School-Aged Children: Focus on Lifestyle Behaviours and Psychosocial Characteristics. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:912. [PMID: 38727468 PMCID: PMC11083297 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The study analysed the 12th wave (2019) of data from the Panel Study on Korean Children conducted by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. A total of 1174 children were selected as the subjects of the study. The results concerning the identifying factors influencing overweight and obesity in later school-aged children revealed that when compared to boys, girls were 1.66 times more likely to be overweight or obese. Moreover, for every one-hour increase in media usage time, the likelihood of being overweight or obese increased by 1.23 times, and for every one-point increase in body dissatisfaction, the probability of being overweight or obese increased by 2.07 times. However, among personality traits, neuroticism was associated with a 0.96 times lower likelihood of being overweight or obese. These findings underscore the significance of considering not only lifestyle factors but also psychosocial characteristics such as body dissatisfaction and neuroticism as predictive factors for overweight and obesity in later school-aged children, providing a basis for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sook Eo
- College of Nursing, Dongguk University-WISE, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myo-Sung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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Urbano-Mairena J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Carlos-Vivas J, Pastor-Cisneros R, Castillo-Paredes A, Rodal M, Muñoz-Bermejo L. Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:181. [PMID: 38397293 PMCID: PMC10886828 DOI: 10.3390/children11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PL) is essential to achieve good health, prevent cardiovascular diseases, obesity and overweight, as well as to achieve a better quality of life. Therefore, PL could become the tool to increase the practice of physical activity among young people, thus increasing life satisfaction (LS) given its positive relationship with physical activity. A single-measure cross-sectional correlational study was carried out, involving 135 children aged 8-12 years from Extremadura. They were administered the SWLS questionnaire and the Canadian assessment of physical literacy (CAPL-2). Significantly higher levels of PL (p = 0.010) were found in normal-weight children compared to overweight and obese children, due to the physical competence domain score (p < 0.001). PL was directly related to SWLS (p < 0.001), but inversely related to BMI (p = 0.018). The daily physical activity behaviour domain was explained by SWLS (p < 0.001) and sex (p < 0.001). Physical competence was described by SWLS (p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.045). Finally, the motivation and confidence domain were only significantly associated with SWLS (p < 0.001). It was concluded that boys and girls of normal weight achieved higher levels of PL and LS than those with overweight and obesity, establishing a negative relationship of PL with BMI and positive with LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Urbano-Mairena
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.U.-M.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.U.-M.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física (AFySE), Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile;
| | - Miguel Rodal
- BioErgon Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, 06800 Merida, Spain;
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Ahsan M, Ali MF. Body mass index: A determinant of distress, depression, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life amongst recreational athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15563. [PMID: 37128310 PMCID: PMC10148114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the impact of body mass index on distress, depression, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life amongst recreational athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports. A cross-sectional study design was selected with 440 recreational athletes to conduct this study. The mean age was 20.34 ± 1.33 years, height was 157.27 ± 5.93 cm, weight was 57.31 ± 13.02 kg, and BMI was 25.82 ± 6.64 kg/m2. All the athletes voluntarily participated in this study. Psychological distress was measured with the K10 questionnaire; depression was measured with the PHQ-9 self-reported questionnaire. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale measured self-esteem, and Diener's satisfaction with life scale measured satisfaction with life. The data collection was conducted in the classroom setting. It took 12-15 min to complete the survey. The descriptive statistics were calculated, and the ordinal-scale, qualitative variables and frequency distributions for different categories were determined. The Chi-Square (two-tails) test was applied to find the relationship between the variables. The significant level was set at 0.05 level. The result showed that body mass index was significantly related to distress (X 2 = 27.59, p = .001) and life satisfaction (X 2 = 45.14, p = .001). Whereas depression (X 2 = 15.46, p = .148) and self-esteem (X 2 = 12.02, p = .212) showed an insignificant relationship with body mass index among recreational athletes from random intermittent dynamic sports. The study highlighted the health implications of psychological distress, depression, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life with body mass index among recreational athletes from random intermittent dynamic sports. Future studies are needed to understand better the interaction between psychological variables and body mass index level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mohammad Feroz Ali
- Department of Secondary and Sports Education, College of Humanities and Education, Fiji National University, Fiji
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Kazakova Y. Maternal employment and childhood obesity in Russia. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2022; 47:101187. [PMID: 36194999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Existing research on childhood obesity shows that rising maternal employment is associated with increases in child weight. This paper aims to estimate the effect of maternal employment on childhood obesity in Russia, where obesity has been spreading quickly over the last 20 years. To address the endogeneity of maternal employment and estimate its effect on the weight outcomes of older siblings, I use plausibly exogenous variation in childcare enrolment for the youngest child in the household as an instrumental variable for maternal employment. Based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE), the results show that maternal employment leads to an increase in children's BMI and in their probabilities of becoming overweight and obese. In exploring the potential underlying mechanisms, I find that maternal employment is related to less physical activity, to a higher probability of either watching TV or playing video games, and to poorer dietary habits among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Kazakova
- Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, France; Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, UK.
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Lipowska M, Lipowski M, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Dykalska D, Łada-Maśko A, Izydorczyk B. Does obesity rule out happiness? Preschool children's perceptions of beauty-related happiness. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:339. [PMID: 35690742 PMCID: PMC9188036 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03396-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is considered to be one of the most important factors reducing the sense of happiness and satisfaction with life, especially among women. This belief already exists in middle childhood, as the preschool period is a crucial point in the development of attitudes towards beauty. Preschoolers can identify physically attractive individuals, and they might already form attributions regarding the looks of adults (especially women), which in turn may constitute a foundation for their future concept of beauty-related happiness. Children's attitudes towards the body are also strongly influenced by the content of gender stereotypes that prescribe and proscribe what women and men should look like. In our study, we aimed to analyse the relationship between associations of obesity and happiness made by preschool girls and boys (5-year-olds). METHODS A total of 680 families with five-year-old children (329 girls, 351 boys; Mage = 5.7 years) and both parents took part in the study. Children's associations of different types of body sizes with perceptions of happiness were measured with the Beauty & Health pictorial scale. RESULTS Our results indicate that obese bodies were seen as unattractive, independent of gender (p < .001). Children associated looks with happiness-the body type identified as the most physically attractive was also seen as a happiest person. Lowest happiness scores were also ascribed to obese body types, but girls assessed men with a normal body type as happier than boys (t = 2.87, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS Female bodies are already perceived along gender stereotypical lines at the age of 5, and are also related to potential predictions concerning women's happiness. Children assessed female individuals with slim bodies, as well as those with normal weight, as happier than obese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Lipowska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Lipowski
- Department of Psychology, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Dykalska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ariadna Łada-Maśko
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
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Wang D, Gao H, Xu X, Han D, Yi K, Hou G. Analysis of influence of physical health factors on subjective wellbeing of middle-aged and elderly women in China. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1127. [PMID: 35668385 PMCID: PMC9169341 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite a maturing literature on the association between subjective wellbeing (SWB) and mental condition, little is known regarding the happiness-physical health relation in China, among middle-aged and elderly women (MAEW) in particular. This study aimed to understand the effect of physical health on the SWB of MAEW in China. METHODS Data from the 2014 and 2018 China Family Panel Study were used to analyse the SWB of women over the age of 45 years. In addition, descriptive statistics was used to describe the population distribution and panel ordered logit regression for regression analysis. RESULTS Majority of the respondents reported satisfactory SWB, and the proportion of the respondents who were very happy and happy was more than 68%. In terms of health factors, self-rated health, 2-week morbidity and BMI were significantly related to the SWB of MAEW (all P-values < 0.05). Physical exercise (P-value < 0.01) was positively associated with SWB, whereas smoking status and drinking status were not related to SWB. In addition, demographic indicators, such as registered residence (P-value < 0.01), income (P-value < 0.01) and social status (P-value < 0.01), significantly affected the SWB of MAEW. CONCLUSION This study showed that MAEW's physical health could affect their SWB. Increased attention should be paid to the physical health of MAEW to improve their SWB. Policy mechanisms could be designed to motivate MAEW to take the initiative to engage in regular physical activity to improve their SWB. In addition, increased attention be paid to groups with low socioeconomic status and high stress, especially those who are employed, to improve residents' happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Han
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kuan Yi
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guilin Hou
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Chai L, Xue J. Weight, Weight Perceptions, and Health and Well-Being Among Canadian Adolescents: Evidence From the 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:55-63. [PMID: 34282629 PMCID: PMC8669201 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211031064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examines the extent to which (mis)matched weight and weight perceptions predict adolescents' self-rated health, mental health, and life satisfaction. DESIGN Quantitative, cross-sectional study. SETTING Data from the 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-a nationally representative sample collected by Statistics Canada. PARTICIPANTS Canadian adolescents aged between 12 and 17 (n = 8,081). MEASURES The dependent variables are self-rated health, mental health, and life satisfaction. The independent variable is (mis)matched weight and weight perceptions. ANALYSIS We perform a series of ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models. RESULTS Overweight adolescents with overweight perceptions are associated with poorer self-rated health (b = -.546, p < .001 for boys; b = -.476, p < .001 for girls), mental health (b = -.278, p < .001 for boys; b = -.433, p < .001 for girls), and life satisfaction (b = -.544, p < .001 for boys; b = -.617, p < .001 for girls) compared to their counterparts with normal weight and normal weight perceptions. Similar patterns have also been observed among normal weight adolescents with overweight perceptions (e.g., normal weight adolescents with overweight perceptions are associated with poorer self-rated health (b = -.541, p < .01 for boys; b = -.447, p < .001 for girls)). CONCLUSION Normal weight adolescents are not immune to adverse self-rated health, mental health, and life satisfaction because their weight perceptions are also a contributing factor to health and well-being consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chai
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jia Xue
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Faculty of Information, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kristoffersen MJ, Michelsen SI, Rasmussen M, Due P, Thygesen LC, Krølner RF. Study Protocol for Evaluation of an Extended Maintenance Intervention on Life Satisfaction and BMI Among 7-14-Year-Old Children Following a Stay at a Residential Health Camp in Denmark. Front Public Health 2021; 9:733144. [PMID: 34900891 PMCID: PMC8651483 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.733144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is challenging to maintain effects of public health interventions. For residential health camps benefits often disappear as the child returns home. Furthermore, long-term effects are often not measured or reported. This paper presents the study protocol for an evaluation of an extended maintenance intervention offered to children who have completed a 10-week residential health camp at one of the five Danish Christmas Seal Houses (DCSH). The target group of DSCH is 7–14-year-olds with social, mental, and/or overweight issues and the overall aim of the camp is to increase life satisfaction and a healthy lifestyle. The primary aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the maintenance intervention on children's life satisfaction (primary outcome) and BMI Z-score (secondary outcome) 1 year after health camp. Methods: The extended maintenance intervention is developed by DCSH and delivered to each child and family individually by an intervention coordinator to help children maintain positive benefits of the health camp on life satisfaction and health behaviors after returning to their homes. Intervention activities target the child and the family. The effect will be tested in a quasi-experimental design: The intervention is offered to half of the children at one of the five DSCH (intervention group, N~144) while the other half and the children at the other four DSCH receive a standard maintenance intervention (control group, N~894). Children will complete questionnaires on life satisfaction measured by an adapted version of the Cantril ladder and height and weight prior to health camp, at the end of health camp, 3 months and 1 year after the end of health camp. To enable per protocol analysis and nuanced interpretation of effect estimates, we will monitor the implementation of the intervention by a process evaluation study among children, parents, and follow up coordinators using qualitative and quantitative methods. Discussion: We present a systematic approach to evaluating practice-based interventions in a research design. The study will provide new knowledge on the effectiveness of individualized maintenance interventions on long-term effects on life satisfaction and weight loss among children. Trial registration: Prospectively registered at Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN 13011465 https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13011465
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan Ishøy Michelsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Rasmussen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Due
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Shen J, Kogan I. Gendered Body Mass and Life Satisfaction Among Youth in Three Western European Immigrant-Receiving Countries. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2021; 6:695374. [PMID: 34957290 PMCID: PMC8705931 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2021.695374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study we aim to show distinctive patterns of the association between body weight and life satisfaction for adolescent boys and girls, respectively. We understand such patterns by bringing multiple mediating factors into one theoretical framework centred on normative perceptions. By drawing data from the first wave of the CILS4EU that captures 14-15-year-olds in Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden, findings show that psychological factors, indicated by self-esteem and mental state, explain the association between BMI and life dissatisfaction substantially, for both boys and girls. Relationships with parents (particularly among boys) and relationships with peers (particularly among girls) also play significant roles. Moreover, the association between being underweight and life satisfaction among girls varies across ethno-racial groups. Girls originating from Eastern Europe have a tendency to gain more life satisfaction when being underweight, whereas girls rooted in Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean countries display consistently low levels of life satisfaction when being underweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- *Correspondence: Jing Shen, ; Irena Kogan,
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Subjective well-being in non-obese individuals depends strongly on body composition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21797. [PMID: 34750456 PMCID: PMC8576020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While obesity has been correlated with welfare in the general population, there is not much data on the influence of body composition on welfare among the non-obese adult individuals. In this study, a total of 726 non-obese individuals from the general population were analyzed. The mean age was 46.8 ± 15.4 years and 42.1% of participants were male. The anthropometric measurements and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were done. The mean value for the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was 23.09 ± 5.43, for Euro Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) was 78.0 ± 14.5, and for the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was 6.7 ± 6.6. On the SWLS, the higher waist-hip ratio had a negative impact even after adjusting for age, gender, and concomitant diseases. EQ-VAS was inversely associated with android fat distribution and directly associated with muscle mass. BDI value was inversely associated with lower muscle mass, especially in lower limbs. The well-being of women was mainly associated with the distribution of adipose tissue and less with the distribution of muscle tissue-abdominal fat distribution has a particularly negative impact on well-being among women. In contrast, men's well-being depends more on muscle mass and to a lesser extent on the distribution of fat tissue-a positive significant effect has lean mass and a circumference of thigh below gluteal fold.
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Qiu Q, Sung J. The effects of graduated driver licensing on teenage body weight. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2021; 30:2829-2846. [PMID: 34448322 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The graduated driver licensing (GDL) program requires teenage drivers to pass through an intermediate stage, which contains specific driving restrictions such as a night curfew or a limit on the number of teen passengers to be carried, before earning full driving privileges. Using individual data from the 1999 to 2017 biennial Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBS) combined with state-level GDL policy variations, we estimate the effects of GDL on teenage body weight in the United States. We find that the presence of GDL raises adolescents' body mass index Z-score and their likelihood of being overweight or obese. Among the restrictions imposed, a night curfew implemented together with a passenger restriction makes the most significant impact. These estimated effects are concentrated among states with more restrictive GDL policies. We also find that the presence of GDL reduces adolescent physical activity and heavy smoking, while increasing their time spent watching TV and milk intake, perhaps contributing to youth weight gain. An event study analysis reveals that the effects of GDL on adolescent weight increase may be transitory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Qiu
- James M. Hull College of Business, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaesang Sung
- Department of Economics, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Mozzillo E, Zito E, Calcaterra V, Corciulo N, Di Pietro M, Di Sessa A, Franceschi R, Licenziati MR, Maltoni G, Morino G, Predieri B, Street ME, Trifirò G, Gallè F, Franzese A, Valerio G. Poor Health Related Quality of Life and Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits in Weight-Loss Treatment-Seeking Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179355. [PMID: 34501945 PMCID: PMC8431705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and poor Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). The cumulative effect of lifestyle behaviors on HRQOL has been demonstrated in chronically ill adolescents, but not in adolescents with obesity. The present study aimed to assess the association between HRQOL and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and/or low levels of physical activity (PA) in a large sample of outpatient adolescents with overweight or obesity seeking weight loss treatment. Four-hundred-twenty participants were enrolled from 10 Italian outpatient clinics. The demographics and anthropometric features, KIDMED scores, and exercise levels of the participants were collected, together with parental features. The HRQOL was assessed by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™), Adolescents Version 4.0. PedsQL total score and functioning subscales were lower in adolescents who reported one or two unhealthy habits. Compared with the high/intermediate groups, the risk of low HRQOL was twice as high for each unit increase in BMI SDS, while the percentage was reduced by 12.2% for every unit increase in the KIDMED score and by 32.3% for each hour increase of exercise. The clustering of these two unhealthy behaviors conferred a 120% higher risk of low HRQOL. Similarly, adolescents displaying better diet quality and/or a physically more active lifestyle have better physical and psychological functioning. Further studies are needed to disclose whether these characteristics may be predictive of better adherence to weight loss treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Eugenio Zito
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Corciulo
- Unit of Auxology and Pediatric Endocrinology, Sacred Heart of Jesus Hospital, Gallipoli, 73014 Lecce, Italy;
| | | | - Anna Di Sessa
- Department of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | | | - Maria Rosaria Licenziati
- Obesity and Endocrine Disease Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Morino
- Research Unit for Multifactorial Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults—Pediatric Unit University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Department of Mother and Child, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Trifirò
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Giuliana Valerio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, 80133 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Brooks SJ, Feldman I, Schiöth HB, Titova OE. Important gender differences in psychosomatic and school-related complaints in relation to adolescent weight status. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14147. [PMID: 34239031 PMCID: PMC8266882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Underweight or overweight in adolescence is linked to several adverse health outcomes. Less evidence exists about the association between weight status and school-related psychosocial characteristics in high income countries. We sought to investigate the relationship between weight status and psychosomatic and school-related complaints with a focus on gender differences. The study is a cohort of 18,462 adolescents (12-19 years; 51% girls) conducted in Sweden. The associations between weight status and psychosomatic and school-related complaints were estimated by binary logistic regression adjusted for several potential confounders. After correction for multiple testing, being underweight or overweight/obese was adversely associated with several psychosomatic and school-related complaints with significant differences between boys and girls. Specifically, underweight boys had higher odds to have psychosomatic complaints than normal-weight boys, while no such associations were observed among underweight girls. Overweight/obese (vs. normal-weight) boys had higher odds to complain about headache, pain in the back/hips, and feeling low. Overweight/obese (vs. normal-weight) girls were more likely to complain about feeling low, anxious/worried and having difficulty in falling asleep (P ≤ 0.01). In relation to school-related complaints (e.g., being bullied at school and academic failure), greater associations were observed for overweight/obese girls and boys than for underweight adolescents compared with normal-weight peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Brooks
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, SE3 3AF, UK.,Neuroscience Research Laboratory (NeuRL), Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Inna Feldman
- Uppsala County Council, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga E Titova
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Epihubben, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14 B, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
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14
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BMI and dissatisfaction with life: contextual factors and socioemotional costs of obesity. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:1167-1177. [PMID: 34152575 PMCID: PMC8960616 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we investigate whether individuals’ BMI categories are associated with being dissatisfied with one’s life, how this association is affected by the social comparison that individuals make, and what the role of the overall BMI levels in this process is. Methods We use data for 21,577 men and 27,415 women, collected in 2016 by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, from 34 countries in Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. To understand the moderating effect of contextual environment, we use multilevel mixed effect logistic regression models and data for national, regional, and cohort-specific BMI levels. Result We find that the association of BMI and dissatisfaction with life differs by gender, with overweight men being less likely to be dissatisfied with life than men with normal weight and obese women being more likely to be dissatisfied with life compared to women with normal weight. For contextual effects, we find that obese women in regions with low BMI levels are more likely to be dissatisfied with life. The effect of obesity on female life dissatisfaction is not observed in regions with high BMI levels. As for men, regional BMI levels affect the levels of life dissatisfaction but only for underweight men. Conclusions Our study adds additional nuance to the quality-of-life research by showing that the association between BMI and decreased life satisfaction is, at least partially, moderated by the contextual environment, and that the character of these effects differs by gender. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-021-02912-3.
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The Role of Physical Activity and School Physical Education in Enhancing School Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041689. [PMID: 33578713 PMCID: PMC7916464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction, according to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) level. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out on 2823 adolescents (1396 boys and 1427 girls), aged between 12 and 16. A specific questionnaire to measure life satisfaction (Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS)), a questionnaire to measure satisfaction with school (“Life circumstances of Young people: School”), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to analyze PA practice. Gender, age, and BMI were used as control variables. In general, the main results showed that school satisfaction had a clear role in life satisfaction. Similarly, the findings allowed us to conclude that the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction was more evident in male school children, those who were older, or those who have a higher BMI. The regular practice of PA enhanced school satisfaction and its role on life satisfaction. Therefore, it is very important to assess the importance of school satisfaction as a determinant of quality of life and the adoption of healthy habits, recognizing the fundamental role of teachers in this regard.
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16
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Assessing the importance of relative body weight in shaping life satisfaction: Evidence from 1 million Americans. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Meyer S, Weidmann R, Grob A. The mirror's curse: Weight perceptions mediate the link between physical activity and life satisfaction among 727,865 teens in 44 countries. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:48-54. [PMID: 33518016 PMCID: PMC7856557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to examine the link between physical activity (PA) and life satisfaction in a large international study of adolescents. We also aimed to test whether overweight and underweight perceptions act as mediators and whether age and sex acted as moderators. METHODS For this purpose, we analyzed data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children study, which comprises 727,865 observations from 44 nations at 4 measurement occasions. RESULTS Multilevel analyses revealed a positive link between PA and life satisfaction. In addition, underweight and overweight perceptions mediated the effect of PA on life satisfaction. We further found that age and sex acted as moderators. In older adolescents, stronger effects were found in the links between PA and life satisfaction, PA and overweight perception, and both weight perceptions and life satisfaction. In addition, in female adolescents, the link between overweight perception and life satisfaction was stronger. Conversely, the links between PA and both weight perceptions were stronger for boys. CONCLUSION The results suggest that weight perception explains part of the relationship between PA and life satisfaction in adolescents and that these effects vary as a function of age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Meyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62, Basel 4055, Switzerland.
| | - Rebekka Weidmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62, Basel 4055, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Grob
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62, Basel 4055, Switzerland
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18
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Baiden P, Tadeo SK, Tonui BC, Seastrunk JD, Boateng GO. Association between insufficient sleep and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2020; 287:112579. [PMID: 31627959 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association between insufficient sleep and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Data for this study came from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. A sample of 13,659 adolescents aged 14-18 years (51.8% female) were analyzed using logistic regression with suicidal ideation as the outcome variable and insufficient sleep as the main explanatory variable. Of the 13,659 adolescents, 2,409 representing 17.6% experienced suicidal ideation during the past 12 months and three out of four adolescents (75.2%) had insufficient sleep on an average school night. Controlling for all other predictors, the odds of experiencing suicidal ideation were 1.35 times higher for adolescents who had insufficient sleep relative to those who had sufficient sleep on an average school night (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.16-1.58). Other factors associated with suicidal ideation include female gender, sexual minority, history of traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization, feeling sad or hopeless, being slightly or very overweight, and substance use. Physical activity was inversely associated with suicidal ideation. School counselors, clinicians, and practitioners should consider adequate sleep as an important intervention in suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Baiden
- The University of Texas at Arlington, School of Social Work, 211 S. Cooper St., Box 19129, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States.
| | - Savarra K Tadeo
- The University of Texas at Arlington, School of Social Work, 211 S. Cooper St., Box 19129, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Betty C Tonui
- The University of Texas at Arlington, School of Social Work, 211 S. Cooper St., Box 19129, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Jaylon D Seastrunk
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Psychology, 501 Nedderman Dr, Box 19528, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Godfred O Boateng
- The University of Texas at Arlington, Public Health Program, Department of Kinesiology, 500 W. Nedderman Dr, Box 19407, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
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Baile JI, Guevara RM, González-Calderón MJ, Urchaga JD. The Relationship between Weight Status, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Life Satisfaction in a Sample of Spanish Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093106. [PMID: 32365671 PMCID: PMC7246779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Excess weight has been associated with numerous psychosocial problems and is considered to be one of the most important health problems of today. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between weight status, which is evaluated by means of the body mass index (BMI), and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and life satisfaction (LS) variables in Spanish adolescents, as well as to examine whether gender influences this interrelationship. A total of 1197 subjects studying in their 1st and 4th years of high school (mean age: 14.4 years, SD: 1.69) participated in the study by completing the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire. Then, the participants were grouped into the following categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. The results show that boys have significantly higher HRQoL as well as higher levels of LS. On the other hand, only the obese group shows significantly lower scores in both HRQoL and LS than those in the normal-weight group. The interaction of weight category and gender does not have a significant impact on the variables that have been analyzed (HRQoL or LS).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Baile
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Madrid Open University, La Coruña Highway, km 38.500, Collado Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.B.); (M.J.G.-C.)
| | - Raquel María Guevara
- Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Street Henry Collet, 52-70, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-125-027
| | - María José González-Calderón
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Madrid Open University, La Coruña Highway, km 38.500, Collado Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain; (J.I.B.); (M.J.G.-C.)
| | - José David Urchaga
- Faculty of Comunication, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Street Henry Collet, 52-70, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
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20
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Well-Being, Obesity and Motricity Observatory in Childhood and Youth (WOMO): A Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062129. [PMID: 32210073 PMCID: PMC7143434 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is one of the greatest public health problems facing advanced societies, and Spain is one of the countries with the highest incidence. There are many studies that monitor at the national level, but given the lack of specificity, lack of updating and scarcity of epidemiological data on overweight, obesity, physical condition and well-being of children and adolescents in Extremadura, it seems necessary to create a Well-being, Obesity and Motricity Observatory in Childhood and Youth (WOMO) in Extremadura in order to follow up on the evolution of this problem and to propose strategies to combat it. Therefore, this project aims (1) to obtain information on the physical condition, body composition and well-being of children and youth in Extremadura every year and (2) to evaluate the relationship between obesity, overweight, physical condition, well-being, self-perceived physical fitness, physical activity adherence, physical literacy, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), happiness and satisfaction with life, connection with nature, barriers to sports practice, self-concept and bullying in children and youth. Methods: An annual monitoring cross-sectional and follow-up study will be performed. Primary outcome measures will be (1) personal data and anthropometric measurements, (2) family and school information, (3) physical condition, (4) obesity and overweight level, and (5) well-being. Secondary outcome measures will be (1) self-perceived physical fitness, (2) physical activity adherence, (3) physical literacy, (4) HRQoL, (5) happiness and satisfaction with life, (6) connection with nature, (7) barriers to sports practice, (8) self-concept and (9) bullying. Discussion: This project will provide valuable information to adopt appropriate strategies to reduce the level of overweight and obesity in children and youth. Furthermore, orientations will be given to transfer the results obtained to the business sector or to the public sector to evaluate or change the policies adopted.
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21
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The Body as an Object of Stigmatization in Cultures of Guilt and Shame: A Polish-Vietnamese Comparison. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162814. [PMID: 31394769 PMCID: PMC6719203 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine cross-cultural differences in body stigmatization between the individualistic Christian culture of guilt (Poland) and the collectivistic Buddhist/Confucian culture of honor and shame (Vietnam). The study included 1290 university students from Poland (n = 586) and Vietnam (n = 704). Subjects filled in the body esteem scale and the perceived stigmatization questionnaire, and body measurements were collected to calculate anthropometric indices. Participants from Vietnam were less satisfied with their appearance than their Polish peers. Men in both countries assessed themselves more favorably. No anthropometric index predicted body esteem in Vietnamese women, while only indices related to fat levels were predictors in Polish women. Men with a V-shaped body assessed themselves as stronger and as having a better physical condition. A possible explanation of the observed cross-cultural differences is that interdependent self-construal makes young adults in collectivistic societies more susceptible to criticism, and the Confucian values of modesty and shame lead to them not perceiving their bodies as sexual objects. The Christian sense of guilt does not influence the perception of sexuality. Absence of friendly behavior mediated the relation between anthropometric indices and body esteem in both cultures.
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Areepattamannil S, Cairns D. Examining the Psychometric Properties of a Modified Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale: A Rasch Measurement Approach. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-019-00510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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23
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Motamed-Gorji N, Heshmat R, Qorbani M, Motlagh ME, Soltani A, Shafiee G, Asayesh H, Ardalan G, Matin N, Mahdavi Gorabi A, Alizadeh M, Kelishadi R. Is the association of weight disorders with perceived health status and life satisfaction independent of physical activity in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN-IV Study. J Trop Pediatr 2019; 65:249-263. [PMID: 30053204 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmy042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and weight status have been suggested as predictors of life satisfaction (LS) and perceived health status (PHS). Therefore the present study aims to investigate and compare the impacts of body mass index (BMI) and PA on LS and PHS in a population of Iranian children and adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was conducted in 2011-12 as a nationwide population-based study among 14 880 students of age 6-18 years. Students were selected via a multistage cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran. Information on demographics, PA, PHS and LS was obtained using the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS) questionnaire. PA values were considered as low (<2 /week), moderate (2-4 h/week) and high (>2 h/week). RESULTS The current study has a participation rate of 90.6% (50.8% boys). PA was significantly associated with both LS and PHS [odds ratio (OR), 1.37 in both), while in BMI, this association was significant for only PHS (in underweight: OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.57-0.75; in excess weight: OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.73-0.93). In the combined group of BMI-PA, the influence of PA prevailed over the impact of BMI on PHS and LS, and therefore, PA was found to be the stronger factor. CONCLUSION Although BMI and PA could both significantly impact LS and PHS, the stronger influence of PA on LS and PHS suggests that upgrading the 'activity level' of children and adolescents should be underscored and included on the agenda, rather than merely focusing on their BMI and weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazgol Motamed-Gorji
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Akbar Soltani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Gelayol Ardalan
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nassim Matin
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahla Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Zeng Q, Yu X. Overweight and obesity standards and subjective well-being: Evidence from China. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2019; 33:144-148. [PMID: 30877852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adult BMI cutoffs for overweight and obesity standards set by the Working Group on Obesity in China are exerting growing influence over daily life. Using the regression discontinuity design method, this paper confirms the existence of a statistically significant discontinuity in subjective well-being at the overweight and obesity cutoffs, respectively. The overweight standard causes a significant decrease in subjective well-being (SWB) by approximate 0.10 units, and the obesity standard by 0.14 units, both sizable. Thus the standard setting has profound social, economic and welfare impacts beyond the health scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Zeng
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Haidian Dis Beijing, 100872, China; Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Goettingen, Platz der Goettinger Sieben 5, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Haidian Dis Beijing, 100872, China; Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Goettingen, Platz der Goettinger Sieben 5, 37073, Goettingen, Germany.
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25
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Habibov N, Auchynnikava A, Luo R, Fan L. A healthy weight improves life satisfaction. Int J Health Plann Manage 2018; 34:396-413. [DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rong Luo
- University of Windsor Ontario Canada
| | - Lida Fan
- Lakehead University Thunderbay Ontario Canada
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26
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Kelishadi R, Qorbani M, Heshmat R, Motlagh ME, Magoul A, Mansourian M, Raeesi S, Gorabi AM, Safiri S, Mirmoghtadaee P. Determinants of life satisfaction in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2018; 23:228-234. [PMID: 32677304 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life satisfaction (LS) in children and adolescents is important because of its effects on their school performance and the future adulthood life. In this multicentric study, we examined some determinants of LS in the pediatric age group. METHOD This multicentric study was a part of the fourth national school-based surveillance program in Iran (2011-2012). It was conducted among 14,880 children and adolescents, aged 6-18 years, living in 30 provinces in Iran. We used the questionnaire of the World Health Organization on Global School-based Health Survey (WHO-GSHS), which was translated to Persian and validated in Iranian children and adolescents. LS was defined by a single question: 'Generally, which score between 0 (the worst) to 10 (the best) do you feel well describes your life at the moment?' The score of six and above was considered as satisfied. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the determinants of LS. RESULTS In total, 13,486 students completed the study (response rate 90.6%). Overall, 86.7%, 78.19%, and 71.44 of students were satisfied with their life in elementary, middle, and high schools. Students in middle school (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.73, 0.96) and high schools (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.54, 0.72) were less satisfied with their life. Students with moderate (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.20, 1.54) and good (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.44, 1.91) socioeconomic status were more satisfied than those with low status. Those who consulted with one (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.34, 1.81) or both (OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.89, 2.60) of their parents were more satisfied with their life. Students who felt being accepted by their peers were 1.34 (95% CI 1.18, 1.52) times more satisfied with their life. Other associated variables were weekly (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.12, 1.572) or daily (OR 1.6; 95% CI 01.12, 1.57) fruit consumption, moderate (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.01, 1.29) and high (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.02, 1.347) physical activity, good self-rated health (OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.88, 2.37), and daily tooth brushing (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.18, 1.46). Students with anxiety (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.65, 0.82) and depression (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.58, 0.74) were less satisfied with their life. CONCLUSION Some demographic and lifestyle factors, including higher socioeconomic status, consultation with parents, healthy dietary, and physical activity habits, were associated with higher LS in children and adolescents. Then, interventions that focus on improving lifestyle factors and parents' support could increase LS among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kelishadi
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arman Magoul
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mansourian
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Raeesi
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Parisa Mirmoghtadaee
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Li S, Chen Y, He G. Laugh and grow fat: Happiness affects body mass index among Urban Chinese adults. Soc Sci Med 2018; 208:55-63. [PMID: 29763787 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have extensively examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and subjective well-being (SWB) but have mainly focused on the effects of BMI on SWB, leaving the question of whether BMI can be influenced by SWB largely neglected. In this study, we present the first empirical evidence on the effects of SWB on BMI among adults, using data combined from four waves of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) (2010-2013). We find that, among urban Chinese adults, those who have a higher level of happiness tend to have higher BMI, after extensively controlling for a constellation of individual sociodemographic and health attributes. Further analyses using the instrumental variable method and propensity score matching provided similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Li
- Department of Sociology, School of Public Administration, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Yunsong Chen
- Hopkins-Nanjing Center, Nanjing University, 162 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, PR China; Department of Sociology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China.
| | - Guangye He
- Department of Sociology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China.
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Abujilban S, Abuidhail J, Mrayan L, Hatamleh R. Characteristics of pregnant Jordanian women dissatisfied with life: A comparison between satisfied and dissatisfied women's demographics. Health Care Women Int 2017; 38:556-570. [PMID: 28151073 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2017.1289535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dissatisfied pregnant women who are at higher risk of negative outcomes perinatally have not been identified in Jordan. The purposes of the researchers were to identify and compare sociodemographic characteristics of satisfied pregnant women with dissatisfied pregnant women. A non-experimental, descriptive, comparative design was employed. Jordanian pregnant women (n =203) were consecutively selected. We found that younger, better educated pregnant women with a high economic status and a small number of children were more satisfied with their lives. Practitioners can identify dissatisfied women and develop an educational and interventional package that focuses on improving satisfaction with life for pregnant mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Abujilban
- a Department of Maternal, Child, and Family Health Nursing , College of Nursing, Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Jamila Abuidhail
- a Department of Maternal, Child, and Family Health Nursing , College of Nursing, Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Lina Mrayan
- a Department of Maternal, Child, and Family Health Nursing , College of Nursing, Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Reem Hatamleh
- b Department of Nursing , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
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29
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Matin N, Kelishadi R, Heshmat R, Motamed-Gorji N, Djalalinia S, Motlagh ME, Ardalan G, Arefirad T, Mohammadi R, Safiri S, Qorbani M. Joint association of screen time and physical activity on self-rated health and life satisfaction in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study. Int Health 2016; 9:58-68. [PMID: 27836949 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-rated health and life satisfaction are two subjective measures for assessing overall health status. This study aims to investigate the association of self-rated health and life satisfaction with physical activity and screen time. METHODS As part of the fourth survey of a national surveillance program in Iran (CASPIAN-IV study), 14 880 students aged 6 to 18 years were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling from 30 provinces. Data were obtained from the WHO Global School-Based Student Health Survey questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 13 486 students with mean age of 12.47 (SD 3.36) completed the study. In crude model both prolonged screen time and physical activity were associated with favorable life satisfaction and self-rated health. However, in multivariate analysis only high physical activity was associated with good self-rated health (OR 1.37) and life satisfaction (OR 1.39), while prolonged screen time was not associated with good self-rated health (OR 1.02) and life satisfaction (OR 0.94). For combined screen time-physical activity variable, low screen time-high physical activity combination had the highest OR for both good self-rated health (OR 1.37) and life satisfaction (OR 1.43) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that increasing physical activity is more crucial than emphasizing reducing screen time in improving the well-being of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Matin
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazgol Motamed-Gorji
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gelayol Ardalan
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Arefirad
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran .,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Jeong S, Davis J, Rodriguez J, Han Y. What Makes Them More Vulnerable Than Others? Obesity, Negative Emotions, and Peer Bullying Victimization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2016; 60:1690-1705. [PMID: 26063539 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x15587906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Negative impacts resulting from peer bullying victimization include psychological stress, emotional and academic maladjustment, decreased self-esteem, relational problems with peers, and may also lead to suicidal ideation and behavior. Therefore, efforts have been concentrated toward identifying characteristics of victims and perpetrators of bullying to allocate resources for preventive strategies. The current study adds to this ongoing research by using a nationally representative sample of adolescents to identify health-related correlates (obesity and negative emotions) of students vulnerable to peer bullying victimization, as well as exploring individual and school-related characteristics. Findings suggest that negative emotions are related to peer bully victimization, but a relationship between obesity and victimization is not clear. In addition, students attending schools with bullying prevention programs were more likely to report physical victimization. Discussion is offered regarding these findings and suggestions for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youngsun Han
- Ministry of Justice, Republic of Korea, Gochun-dong, Ewang-si Gyunggi-do, South Korea
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31
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Abstract
PURPOSE Although obesity and happiness are known to be negatively related in the developed world, little attention has been paid to this relationship in the developing world. We thus investigated the relationship in Indonesia and attempted to explain the underlying rationale. METHODS We considered about 12,000 respondents aged 15+ for each gender obtained from the Indonesian Family Life Survey 2007 by relating a measure of happiness to weight-related measures in ordered probit models. RESULTS The relationship between obesity and happiness was positive in Indonesia, and this relationship was robust. Our evidence suggests that the contrasting results for the two worlds result from affordability of obesity. That is, while even low socioeconomic status (SES) individuals in the developed world can afford to be obese, only high SES individuals in the developing world can do. CONCLUSIONS Our findings imply that obesity prevention in the developing world requires different measures than those used in the developed world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitae Sohn
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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32
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Tabbakh T, Freeland-Graves J. Development and validation of the Multidimensional Home Environment Scale (MHES) for adolescents and their mothers. Eat Behav 2016; 22:76-82. [PMID: 27089386 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The home environment is an important setting for the development of weight status in adolescence. At present a limited number of valid and reliable tools are available to evaluate the weight-related comprehensive home environment of this population. The goal of this research was to develop the Multidimensional Home Environment Scale which measures multiple components of the home. It includes psychological, social, and environmental domains from the perspective of an adolescent and the mother. Items were generated based on a literature review and then assessed for content validity by an expert panel and focus group in the target population. Internal consistency reliability was determined using Cronbach's α. Principal components analysis with varimax rotation was employed for assessment of construct validity. Temporal stability was evaluated using paired sample t-tests and bivariate correlations between responses at two different times, 1-2weeks apart. Associations between adolescent and mother responses were utilized for convergent validity. The final versions contained 32-items for adolescents and 36-items for mothers; these were administered to 218 adolescents and mothers. The subscales on the questionnaires exhibited high construct validity, internal consistency reliability (adolescent: α=0.82, mother: α=0.83) and test-retest reliability (adolescent: r=0.90, p<0.01; mother: r=0.91, p<0.01). Total home environment scores were computed, with greater scores reflecting a better health environment. These results verify the utility of the MHES as a valid and reliable instrument. This promising tool can be utilized to capture the comprehensive home environment of young adolescents (11-14years old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Tabbakh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, United States.
| | - Jeanne Freeland-Graves
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, United States.
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33
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Lee KS, Rha YH, Oh IH, Choi YS, Choi SH. Socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors related to allergic diseases in Korean adolescents based on the Seventh Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:19. [PMID: 26819079 PMCID: PMC4728782 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various international reports have shown that socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables are correlated with allergic diseases; however, little is known about how these variables affect Korean adolescents. This study was conducted to identify socioeconomic and sociodemographic risk factors for allergic diseases in Korean adolescents to provide information for preventing and managing such conditions. Methods Data from the 2011 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS-VII) of 75,643 adolescents were used. An anonymously administered online survey was conducted to collect dependent variable information on perceived sexes, residence, family affluence (Family Affluence Scale; FAS), parental education levels, subjective academic achievement, obesity, drinking and smoking. The independent variables were asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlations between the dependent and independent variables. Results Low subjective academic achievement, obesity, drinking and smoking were risk factors for asthma. High FAS, parental bachelor’s degree and high subjective academic achievement were risk factors for allergic rhinitis. Finally, high FAS, maternal bachelor’s degree and high subjective academic achievement were risk factors for atopic dermatitis. Conclusion We found that high socioeconomic status (SES) was a risk factor for allergic diseases in Korean adolescents. We propose that the greater access to medical services and immunization (e.g., hygiene hypothesis) afforded by high SES influenced the prevalence of allergic diseases. Thus, as the Korean economy develops further, the prevalence of allergic diseases is likely to increase. Controlling harmful behavioral risk factors, such as drinking and smoking, may help to prevent adolescent allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Ho Rha
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea. .,Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gandong-gu, Seoul, 05278, South Korea.
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34
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Mathar D, Horstmann A, Pleger B, Villringer A, Neumann J. Is it Worth the Effort? Novel Insights into Obesity-Associated Alterations in Cost-Benefit Decision-Making. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 9:360. [PMID: 26793079 PMCID: PMC4709417 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cost-benefit decision-making entails the process of evaluating potential actions according to the trade-off between the expected reward (benefit) and the anticipated effort (costs). Recent research revealed that dopaminergic transmission within the fronto-striatal circuitry strongly modulates cost-benefit decision-making. Alterations within the dopaminergic fronto-striatal system have been associated with obesity, but little is known about cost-benefit decision-making differences in obese compared with lean individuals. With a newly developed experimental task we investigate obesity-associated alterations in cost-benefit decision-making, utilizing physical effort by handgrip-force exertion and both food and non-food rewards. We relate our behavioral findings to alterations in local gray matter volume assessed by structural MRI. Obese compared with lean subjects were less willing to engage in physical effort in particular for high-caloric sweet snack food. Further, self-reported body dissatisfaction negatively correlated with the willingness to invest effort for sweet snacks in obese men. On a structural level, obesity was associated with reductions in gray matter volume in bilateral prefrontal cortex. Nucleus accumbens volume positively correlated with task induced implicit food craving. Our results challenge the common notion that obese individuals are willing to work harder to obtain high-caloric food and emphasize the need for further exploration of the underlying neural mechanisms regarding cost-benefit decision-making differences in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mathar
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig, Germany
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig, Germany
| | - Burkhard Pleger
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig, Germany; Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig, Germany; Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital LeipzigLeipzig, Germany; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Mind and Brain Institute, Humboldt-UniversityBerlin, Germany
| | - Jane Neumann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig, Germany
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35
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Zahedi H, Kelishadi R, Heshmat R, Hasani Ranjbar S, Esmaeil Motlagh M, Ardalan G, Arefirad T, Mohammadi R, Asayesh H, Qorbani M. Association of adolescents' weight status with life satisfaction: role of self, peers, family and school perception; the CASPIAN-IV Study. Minerva Pediatr 2015; 71:235-241. [PMID: 26677951 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.16.04410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many public health programs have focused on prevention and control of obesity, their efficacy mostly depends on personal factors including perception of weight and personal understanding of the concept of being overweight. This study aims to investigate the association of adolescent's weight status with life satisfaction and explore the role of self, peers, family and school perception in this association. METHODS Data were obtained from the fourth school-based survey entitled "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease" (CASPIAN) Study. This survey was conducted among 14,880 urban and rural students aged 6-18 years. Two sets of valid and reliable questionnaire obtained from Global School Health Survey (GSHS) were completed by students and their parents. The students' questionnaire had several questions including life satisfaction and the perception of weight, peers, family and school. RESULTS The study had a participation rate of 90.6% including 50.8% boys and 76% urban residents. Significant differences existed in Body Mass Index (BMI) and in perception of weight among girls and boys. Moreover, the prevalence of depression and being bullied were higher among girls and boys, respectively. Significant association was documented between life satisfaction and all variables including perception of weight, peers, family and school; the only exception was for BMI (P<0.05). In addition, students with normal weight had significantly higher life satisfaction in comparison with their obese counterparts (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study documented significant association between life satisfaction and perception of self, peer, family and school with the exception of BMI in both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zahedi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gelayol Ardalan
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Arefirad
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran -
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Greve J, Heinesen E. Evaluating the impact of a school-based health intervention using a randomized field experiment. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2015; 18:41-56. [PMID: 25898077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We conduct an econometric evaluation of a health-promoting programme in primary and lower secondary schools in Denmark. The programme includes health-related measurements of the students, communication of knowledge about health, and support of health-promoting projects for students. Half of the schools in the fourth largest municipality in Denmark were randomly selected into a treatment group implementing the programme, while the remainder served as a control group. We estimate both OLS models using only post-intervention observations and difference in differences (DID) models using also pre-intervention observations. We estimate effects of the initiative on BMI, waist/height ratio, overweight and obesity for the entire sample and by gender and grade. We find no consistent effect of the programme. When we use the entire sample, no estimates are statistically significant at conventional levels, although the point estimates for the effect on BMI, indicating an average reduction in the range of 0.10-0.15 kg/m(2), are consistent with the results in a recent Cochrane review evaluating 55 studies of diet and exercise interventions targeting children; and DID estimates which are marginally significant (at the 10% level) indicate that the intervention reduces the risk of obesity by 1% point. Running separate estimations by gender and grade we find a few statistically significant estimates: OLS estimates indicate that the intervention reduces BMI in females in grade 5 by 0.39 kg/m(2) and reduces the risk of obesity in females in grade 9 by 2.6% points; DID estimates indicate an increase in waist for females in preschool class by 1.2 cm and an increase in the risk of obesity in grade 9 males by 4% points. However, if we corrected for multiple hypotheses testing these estimates would be insignificant. There is no statistically significant correlation between participation in the programme and the number of other health-promoting projects at the schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Greve
- Rockwool Foundation Research Unit, Sølvgade 10, DK-1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Eskil Heinesen
- Rockwool Foundation Research Unit, Sølvgade 10, DK-1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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37
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Park KS, Lee MG. Effects of summer school participation and psychosocial outcomes on changes in body composition and physical fitness during summer break. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2015; 19:81-90. [PMID: 26244126 PMCID: PMC4523809 DOI: 10.5717/jenb.2015.15052005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Evidence suggests that adolescents gain more weight during the summer break than they do during the school year, and that participation in the summer school program is beneficial in maintaining their healthy lifestyle. It is known that obesity and physical fitness in adolescents can be affected by their socio-economic and psychological status, especially during a long school break. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of summer school participation and psychosocial outcomes on changes in body composition and physical fitness in underprivileged adolescents during the summer break. [Methods] Body composition and physical fitness in 138 underprivileged adolescents were measured at the beginning and end of the summer break. A survey on socio-economic and psychological status was conducted at the beginning of the summer break. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to establish a relation between psychological outcomes and changes in body composition and physical fitness during the summer break. [Results] Significant increases in body weight (p = .003) and % body fat (p = .014) as well as a decrease in VO2max (p = .018) were found in summer school non-attendants during the summer whereas no significant changes were found in summer school attendants. Summer school non-attendants with lower psychosocial outcomes had a greater decline in physical fitness and weight gain; however, summer school attendants were not affected by psychosocial outcomes. The summer school program effectively prevented summer weight gain among underprivileged adolescents due to the structured environment, restricted food access, and scheduled time for exercise in addition to minimizing the effects of their psychosocial outcomes. [Conclusion] Results indicated that summer school non-attendants may require comprehensive intervention for psychosocial outcomes and nutritional education to maintain body weight and physical fitness levels during the summer break.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Shin Park
- Kinesiology Program, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA
| | - Man-Gyoon Lee
- Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Coledam DHC, Batista Júnior JP, Glaner MF. [Low agreement between the fitnessgram criterion references for adolescents]. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2015; 33:181-6. [PMID: 25649383 PMCID: PMC4516372 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association and agreement of fitnessgram
reference criteria (RC) for cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index (BMI) and
strength in youth. METHODS: The study included 781 youth, 386 females, aged 10 to 18 years of Londrina-PR. It
were performed cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength tests and was
calculated body mass index. The association between the tests was analyzed using
Poisson regression to obtain prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals of
95%, while agreement of the reference criteria was tested by Kappa index. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI
(PR=1,49, 1,27-1,75), muscle strength and BMI (PR=1,55, 1,17-2,08),
cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength (PR=1,81, 1,47-2,24). The agreement
between reference criteria ranged from weak to fair, 48.8% (k=0.05,
p=0.10) for cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI, 52.9% (k=0.09,
p=0.001) for muscle strength and BMI and 38.4% (k=0.22,
p<0.001) for cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength.
CONCLUSIONS: Although RC for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and BMI are
associated, the agreement between them ranged from weak to fair. To evaluate
health related physical fitness it is suggest the execution of all tests, since
each test has specific characteristics.
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Walsh B, Cullinan J. Decomposing socioeconomic inequalities in childhood obesity: evidence from Ireland. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2015; 16:60-72. [PMID: 24530224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to quantify and decompose the socioeconomic gradient in childhood obesity in the Republic of Ireland. The analysis is performed using data from the first wave of the Growing Up in Ireland survey, a nationally representative survey of 8568 nine-year-old children conducted in 2007 and 2008. We estimate concentration indices to quantify the extent of the socioeconomic gradient in childhood obesity and undertake a subsequent decomposition analysis to pinpoint the key factors underpinning the observed inequalities. Overall the results confirm a strong socioeconomic gradient in childhood obesity in the Republic of Ireland. Concentration indices of obesity (CI=-0.168) and overweight/obese (CI=-0.057) show that the gradient is more pronounced in obese children, while results from the decomposition analysis suggest that the majority of the inequality in childhood obesity is explained by parental level variables. Our findings suggest that addressing childhood obesity inequalities requires coordinated policy responses at both the child and parental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Walsh
- JE Cairnes School of Business & Economics, Cairnes Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, United States.
| | - John Cullinan
- JE Cairnes School of Business & Economics, Cairnes Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Marques A, Gaspar De Matos M. Trends and correlates of overweight and Obesity among adolescents from 2002 to 2010: A three-cohort study based on a representative sample of Portuguese adolescents. Am J Hum Biol 2014; 26:844-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- Projeto Aventura Social; Lisboa Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Margarida Gaspar De Matos
- Projeto Aventura Social; Lisboa Portugal
- Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais (CMDT); Lisboa Portugal
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Heshmat R, Kelishadi R, Motamed-Gorji N, Motlagh ME, Ardalan G, Arifirad T, Rastad H, Asayesh H, Djalalinia S, Larijani B, Qorbani M. Association between body mass index and perceived weight status with self-rated health and life satisfaction in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study. Qual Life Res 2014; 24:263-72. [PMID: 25038635 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescent obesity is a well-known worldwide issue with growing prevalence and complications. The concept of body image and complications of its misperception has been noted more recently. Life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) have also been known as independent morbidity and mortality factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations of perceived weight status (body image) and actual body mass index (BMI), with LS and SRH in a nationally representative sample of a pediatric population in Iran, as a country located in the Middle East and North Africa region. METHODS This nationwide population-based survey was conducted among 5,570 (2,784 female and 2,786 male) Iranian students, aged 10-18 years, living in urban and rural areas of 27 provinces, which were selected via multistage sampling method. Agreement between BMI and perceived weight status (underweight, about right and overweight/obesity) was assessed. Adjusted association between BMI and perceived weight status with LS and SRH was assessed using multiple logistic regressions after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Nearly 40 % of the participants misperceived their body image. Misperception as overweight or underweight was found to be associated with lower odds for both LS and SRH [overweight SRH OR 0.796 (95 % CI 0.647-980), underweight SRH OR 0.701 (95 % CI 0.588-0.835), overweight LS OR 0.884 (95 % CI 0.718-998), underweight LS OR = 0.676 (95 % CI 0.577-0.793)], whereas the association between actual BMI with LS and SRH was not statistically significant (P value > 0.05). CONCLUSION A mismatch between BMI and body weight perception was found in this study. Moreover, LS and SRH were not related with BMI, but had negative association with body weight perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Petersen S, Moodie M, Mavoa H, Waqa G, Goundar R, Swinburn B. Relationship between overweight and health-related quality of life in secondary school children in Fiji: results from a cross-sectional population-based study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:539-46. [PMID: 24232500 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between excess weight (overweight and obesity) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of secondary school children in Fiji, by gender, age and ethnicity. METHODS The study comprised 8947 children from forms 3-6 (age 12-18 years) in 18 secondary schools on Viti Levu, the main island of Fiji. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight, and weight status was classified according to the International Obesity Task Force recommendations. HRQoL was measured by the self-report version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0. RESULTS HRQoL was similar in children with obesity and normal weight. Generally, this was replicated when analyzed separately by gender and ethnicity, but age stratification revealed disparities. In 12-14-year-old children, obesity was associated with better HRQoL, owing to better social and school functioning and well-being, and in 15-18-year olds with poorer HRQoL, owing to worse physical, emotional and social functioning and well-being (Cohen's d 0.2-0.3). Children with a BMI in the overweight range also reported a slightly lower HRQoL than children with a BMI in the normal weight range, but although statistically significant, the size of this difference was trivial (Cohen's d <0.2). DISCUSSION The results suggest that, overall there is no meaningful negative association between excess weight and HRQoL in secondary school children in Fiji. This is in contradiction to the negative relationship between excess weight and HRQoL shown in studies from other countries and cultures. The assumption that a large body size is associated with a lower quality of life cannot be held universally. Although a generally low HRQoL among children in Fiji may be masking or overriding the potential effect of excess weight on HRQoL, socio-economic and/or socio-cultural factors, may help to explain these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petersen
- 1] Deakin Health Economics, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [2] WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [3] Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Moodie
- 1] Deakin Health Economics, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [2] WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - H Mavoa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Waqa
- Pacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (C-POND), Fiji School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - R Goundar
- Pacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (C-POND), Fiji School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - B Swinburn
- 1] WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [2] School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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