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Chen J, Bai Y, Ni W. Reasons and promotion strategies of physical activity constraints in obese/overweight children and adolescents. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 6:25-36. [PMID: 38463665 PMCID: PMC10918361 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the reasons for low levels of physical activity in obese/overweight children and adolescents and to propose appropriate strategies to promote their physical activity (PA). This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines by searching and analyzing the literature of studies related to physical activity in obese/overweight children and adolescents published between January 2003 and January 2023 in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. A total of 31 relevant studies were included for analysis, of which 16 were quantitative and 15 qualitative. According to these studies, the PA of obese/overweight children and adolescents is mainly constrained by negative factors: Individual, interpersonal, and environmental. Among these factors, low levels of individual motivation and psychological sensitivity and vulnerability, lack of family support, negative social feedback, insufficient protection from government policies, and inadequate support from the built environment are the main reasons that constrain their PA. The promotion of PA in obese/overweight children and adolescents, who are subject to more constraints at all levels, requires a system of security that involves the government, the community, the school, and the family to address the problems they encounter and enhance the sustainability of engagement in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxi Chen
- Physical Education College, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Yinmengke Bai
- Physical Education College, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Weiguang Ni
- Physical Education College, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
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West CE, Hazzard VM, Loth KA, Larson N, Hooper L, Neumark-Sztainer D. The interplay between food insecurity and family factors in relation to disordered eating in adolescence. Appetite 2023; 189:106994. [PMID: 37544329 PMCID: PMC10617248 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between food insecurity and both binge eating and unhealthy weight-control behaviors (UWCBs) and assessed whether such associations differ by factors within the family environment. Data were collected from a diverse sample of adolescents (Mage = 14.5 years; 54.1% female) and their parents/guardians (N = 2137 dyads) participating in EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity over Time). Food-insecure adolescents were more likely to report binge eating (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41-2.69) and UWCBs (PR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.21-1.49) than food-secure adolescents. Family meal importance (p = .03) and family communication (p < .001) significantly moderated the association between food insecurity and UWCBs, such that the association was weaker at lower levels of these factors. Significant interactions with parental weight talk/concern (p < .001) and weight teasing (p = .04) indicated a weaker association between food insecurity and UWCBs in the presence of these factors. Findings indicate that the association between food insecurity and UWCBs among youth is less salient in the absence of family protective factors and in the presence of family risk factors for UWCBs, indicating the importance of targeting food insecurity itself, regardless of the presence of family risk or protective factors for UWCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E West
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Vivienne M Hazzard
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katie A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicole Larson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura Hooper
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Li X, Sun J. Health IT in our daily life: impact of mobile phone use on the emotions and compliance of diabetes patients. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & PEOPLE 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/itp-06-2020-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PurposeLeveraging information technology (IT) to improve the treatment and support of patients is a widely studied topic in healthcare. For chronic diseases, such as diabetes, the use of information technology is even more important since its effect extends from a clinic environment to patients’ daily life. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of one widely adopted information technology, the mobile phone, on diabetes treatment, specifically on the complicated process of patients’ health, emotions and compliance.Design/methodology/approachWe leverage a unique longitudinal dataset on diabetes patients’ health status in rural areas of China to study the problem. We also cross-link the dataset with mobile carrier data to further differentiate mobile phone use to phone calls and network use. To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply PSM and a series of instrument variables.FindingsWe identify clear evidence that mobile phone use can significantly improve patients’ emotions and compliance, where the effect is generally larger on patients in worse health conditions. While mobile phone calls clearly benefit diabetes patients, we do notice that mobile phone network use has a negative moderating effect with patients’ health condition on improving compliance.Originality/valueThis study not only enriches our theoretical understanding of the role of mobile phones in diabetes management, it also shows the economic benefit of promoting patients’ use of mobile phones, which should be considered by medical care providers and medical policymakers.
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Huang Y, Procházková M, Lu J, Riad A, Macek P. Family Related Variables' Influences on Adolescents' Health Based on Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Database, an AI-Assisted Scoping Review, and Narrative Synthesis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:871795. [PMID: 36033089 PMCID: PMC9400839 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objects Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) is an international survey programme aiming to investigate adolescents' health behaviours, subjective perception of health status, wellbeing, and the related contextual information. Our scoping review aimed to synthesise the evidence from HBSC about the relationship between family environmental contributors and adolescents' health-related outcomes. Methods We searched previous studies from six electronic databases. Two researchers identified the qualified publications independently by abstract and full-text screening with the assistance of an NLP-based AI instrument, ASReview. Publications were included if they were based on HBSC data and investigated the effects of family environment on adolescents' health outcomes. Researches addressed family-related factors as mediators or moderators were also included. Results A total of 241 articles were included. Family environmental contributors could be mapped into six categories: (1) Demographic backgrounds (N = 177); (2) General family's psycho-socio functions (N = 44); (3) Parenting behaviours (N = 100); (4) Parental health behaviours (N = 7); (5) Family activities (N = 24); and (6) Siblings (N = 7). Except for 75 papers that assessed family variables as moderators (N = 70) and mediators (N = 7), the others suggested family environment was an independent variable. Only five studies employed the data-driven approach. Conclusion Our results suggest most research studies focussed on the influences of family demographic backgrounds on adolescents' health. The researches related to parental health behaviours and siblings are most inadequate. Besides, we recommend further research studies to focus on the mediator/moderator roles of the family, for exploring the deep mechanism of the family's impacts. Also, it would be valuable to consider data-driven analysis more in the future, as HBSC has mass variables and data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Institute for Research of Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michaela Procházková
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jinjin Lu
- AoFE, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Abanoub Riad
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Macek
- Institute for Research of Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Raptou E. The Role of Snack Choices, Body Weight Stereotypes and Smoking Behavior in Assessing Risk Factors for Adolescent Overweight and Obesity. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030557. [PMID: 33800293 PMCID: PMC8001685 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship of behavioral factors, such as snack choices, obesity stereotypes and smoking with adolescents’ body weight. Individual-level data for 1254 Greek youths were selected via a formal questionnaire. Snack choices seem to be gender specific with girls showing a stronger preference for healthier snacks. Frequent consumption of high-calorie and more filling snacks was found to increase Body Mass Index (BMI) in both genders. Fruit/vegetable snacks were associated with lower body weight in females, whereas cereal/nut snacks had a negative influence in males’ BMI. The majority of participants expressed anti-fat attitudes and more boys than girls assigned positive attributes to lean peers. The endorsement of the thin-ideal was positively associated with the BMI of both adolescent boys and girls. This study also revealed that neglecting potential endogeneity issues can lead to biased estimates of smoking. Gender may be a crucial moderator of smoking–BMI relationships. Male smokers presented a higher obesity risk, whereas female smokers were more likely to be underweight. Nutrition professionals should pay attention to increase the acceptance of healthy snack options. Gender differences in the influence of weight stereotypes and smoking on BMI should be considered in order to enhance the efficacy of obesity prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Raptou
- Laboratory of Management and Marketing, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece
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Hoseini-Esfidarjani SS, Negarandeh R, Janani L. The prevalence of weight-control behaviors and associated factors among adolescent girls in Tehran. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 34:257-264. [PMID: 32946416 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2020-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Weight control behavior is a strategy for weight loss or weight gains that range from healthy to unhealthy. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of weight control behaviors and their related factors in adolescent girls in Tehran. Methods Adolescent girls in the last grade of high school (n=491) that were selected by a multi-stage sampling method completed a cross-sectional survey (2018) in Tehran city in Iran. Data were collected using questionnaires (standard and researcher-made) by the self-report method and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression. Results 17.5% of adolescents had healthy, 60.6% had unhealthy, 15.8% had extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, and 6.1% had no weight control behaviors. 74.8% of adolescents were in the normal body mass index (BMI) percentile. Unhealthy weight control behaviors were observed more than healthy behaviors at all BMI levels. Weight control behaviors had significant relationships with weight control intention (p=0.005), family (p=0.016) and peers (p=0.011) encouragement to weight control, engagement of relatives in weight control behaviors (p=0.016), anxiety (p<0.001), and age (p=0.030). BMI has a positive correlation with body weight satisfaction (p<0.001) and body weight perception (p<0.001). The results of logistic regression showed that increasing anxiety score can increase the possibility of engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors (odd ratio=1.086, p=0.006). Conclusions Considering that a significant percentage of adolescents have unhealthy and extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, and some of these behaviors leave irreversible effects on the health of this age group, design, and implementation of educational programs to prevent such behaviors seem imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara-Sadat Hoseini-Esfidarjani
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Negarandeh
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Department of Community Health & Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Ferreira CS, Andrade FBD. [Tendency of extreme attitudes in relation to weight in adolescents and their relationship with family support and body image]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:1599-1606. [PMID: 32402039 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020255.33892019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study was to evaluate the tendency of extreme attitudes in relation to body weight among adolescents in Brazilian capitals and to verify its relationship with measures of family support and perception of body image. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE) for the years 2009, 2012 and 2015. There was an increase in the prevalence of extreme attitudes during the period evaluated. In the final model, higher age, perception of body image as being fat and male gender were associated with a higher incidence of extreme attitudes. However, higher level of schooling of the mother and the variables associated with family support (living with parents, informed parents, eating with parents) were associated with a lower incidence of extreme attitudes. The results of this study revealed that the family and social context is a fundamental issue to be investigated with families, adolescents and schools, as a preventive measure for possible health problems. The need to restructure public policies on health and education for adolescents, which should have the encouragement of family support as a guideline, is suggested.
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The paths to children’s disordered eating: The implications of BMI, weight-related victimization, body dissatisfaction and parents’ disordered eating. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2020; 2:e2689. [PMID: 36397980 PMCID: PMC9645480 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.v2i1.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Being the target of peer victimization is frequent among children categorized as overweight and obese and is thought to play a central role in disordered eating behavior development. In accordance with a previous theoretical model, this cross-sectional study aimed to replicate among children the mediating role of weight-related victimization from peers and body dissatisfaction in the association between body mass index (BMI) and children’s disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (CDEAB), while also taking into account the contribution of parents’ disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (PDEAB). Methods Participants were 874 children aged between 8 and 12 years old who were recruited in elementary schools. Height and weight were measured and used to calculate BMI. Self-reported questionnaires were used to measure weight-related victimization, body dissatisfaction, CDEAB and PDEAB. Results For both girls and boys, a path analysis showed no direct effect of BMI on CDEAB, but a significant indirect effect was found, indicating that weight-related victimization and body dissatisfaction mediated this relationship. In addition, the indirect effect of weight-related victimization and body dissatisfaction remained significant even when controlling for PDEAB. Conclusion While weight itself appears to be insufficient to explain CDEAB, weight-related victimization may lead children to see their weight as problematic and develop disordered attitudes and behaviors toward eating. This suggests that weight-related victimization from peers and body dissatisfaction must be taken seriously and that preventive and intervention efforts must be pursued. Body weight per se seems insufficient to explain children’s disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (CDEAB). Weight-related victimization and body dissatisfaction mediate the association between BMI and CDEAB. Parents‘ DEAB is associated with CDEAB. The tested paths from BMI to CDEAB appear to be globally the same for boys and girls.
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Dilley JR, Singletary CR, Ard JD, Giles S, Skelton JA, Heboyan V, Jake-Schoffman DE, Turner-McGrievy G, McGrievy M, Ip EH, Moore JB. Protocol for a randomized controlled feasibility study of a coordinated parent/child weight loss intervention: Dyad Plus. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 5:e000136. [PMID: 33928189 PMCID: PMC8078845 DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of in youth with overweight and obesity is a global health concern, necessitating clinical interventions to treat obesity effectively through lifestyle modification. Interventions in adolescents have demonstrated improvements in healthy eating and physical activity with only modest weight loss outcomes. Consequently, there is growing interest in developing strategies to enhance the effectiveness of clinical interventions in adolescents. Targeting the family system can be an effective approach, but existing studies have failed to examine the impact of co-enrolling both the adolescent and adult in individually tailored weight loss programs and coordinating the adolescent/adult weight loss efforts. PURPOSE This paper reports on the design and conceptual framework of the Dyad Plus study, which utilizes two weight loss clinics of the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center: Brenner Families in training (Brenner FIT®; adolescents) and By Design (adults). Dyad Plus is a coordinated program designed to facilitate self-monitoring, positive communication, joint problem solving, and social support to increase physical activity, healthy eating, and weight loss relative to Brenner FIT alone. METHODS A total of 45 parent/adolescent dyads are randomized to one of three conditions (n = 15 for each): Brenner FIT only, Dyad (adolescent and parent both enroll simultaneously in the age appropriate program), and Dyad Plus (both parent and adolescent enroll simultaneously, but with a coordinated component for adolescent and caregiver). This study aims to develop and pilot the coordinated intervention, establish feasibility of the intervention, and determine costs associated with implementation. RESULTS The results of the study are expected in winter of 2021. CONCLUSION If proven feasible and acceptable, Dyad Plus will be tested for effectiveness in a large-scale implementation-effectiveness clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R. Dilley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Wake forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Camelia R. Singletary
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jamy D. Ard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Steven Giles
- Department of Communication, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joseph A. Skelton
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vahé Heboyan
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy
- Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Edward H. Ip
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Justin B. Moore
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Pistella J, Ioverno S, Russell ST. The role of peer victimization, sexual identity, and gender on unhealthy weight control behaviors in a representative sample of Texas youth. Int J Eat Disord 2019; 52:597-601. [PMID: 30805974 PMCID: PMC10409614 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to examine the association between victimization and unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCB), accounting for other key correlates of UWCB while considering the moderating role of sexual identity and gender. METHOD This study used data from the 2017 Texas Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative sample of students in grades 9-12 in the U.S. state of Texas, including 2,067 students (1,754 heterosexuals and 313 sexual minorities). We used survey-weighted logistic regression to examine the association of sexual identity, gender, and victimization (dating violence, cyberbullying, and school bullying) with UWCB, after adjusting for demographic information and indicators of weight, physical activity, and support from adults. RESULTS Unhealthy weight control behaviors were associated with older age, being obese, lack of support from adults, low physical activity, and cyberbullying. A significant three-way interaction between gender, sexual identity and bullying showed that bullying was associated with high levels of UWCB among sexual minority males. DISCUSSION Our study highlights the role of victimization in health behaviors for stigmatized groups, and the importance of school efforts to implement an equitable and safe learning environment for all students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ioverno
- Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Stephen T. Russell
- Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Houle-Johnson SA, Kakinami L. Do sex differences in reported weight loss intentions and behaviours persist across demographic characteristics and weight status in youth? A systematic review. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1343. [PMID: 30514246 PMCID: PMC6280345 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that young females are more likely to try to lose weight than young males, however whether this sex difference persists across demographic characteristics and weight status is unclear. Further, whether females are more likely than males to try to lose weight using unhealthy weight loss strategies has never been systematically assessed. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the literature on sex differences in weight loss intentions and strategies in children and adolescent observational studies to determine whether sex differences persisted across demographic characteristics (race/ethnicity, grade level) and weight status. Methods Relevant articles published after 1990 were identified using PubMED, Web of Science, and PsycInfo. Searches were conducted in May of 2015 and again in May of 2017. Studies conducted in the US and Canada with participants 18-years old or younger who measured weight loss strategies in the context of weight loss intention were selected. Descriptive statistics were extracted from 19 studies. Results Almost two-thirds of youth reported trying to lose weight. High-school and middle-school aged females reported consistently higher prevalence of weight loss intentions compared to male counterparts, as did Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic females. The proportion of youth using unhealthy or extreme strategies reached 44 and 13%, respectively, with a similar proportion of males and females endorsing the use of each category of weight loss strategies across studies. Native-American youth reported the highest prevalence (27%) of using extreme strategies. Conclusions Researchers should consider demographic characteristics when reporting prevalence information for weight loss intentions and behaviours, as certain groups might require more targeted public health initiatives. Across characteristics, prevalence ranges were broad for weight loss intentions and use of particular strategies, suggesting the need to standardize and refine data collection and reporting practices in this literature. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6179-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Houle-Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Private, VNR3088, Ottawa, ON, K1N 9A8, Canada
| | - Lisa Kakinami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Room S-LB 927, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada. .,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Almuhlafi M, Jamilah KA, Almutairi AF, Salam M. Relationship between early menarche, obesity, and disordered eating behaviors: a school-based cross-sectional survey in Northern Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:743-751. [PMID: 30532574 PMCID: PMC6244586 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s180697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and disordered eating (DE) behaviors are serious health concerns, regularly observed among female adolescents, which could progress to adverse psychological and nutritional sequels. AIM The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and the self-reported DE behaviors among high school female students and to evaluate their self-perception of body image, peer pressures, and need for dietary consultation. METHODS This is a school-based cross-sectional study conducted in 2018. Self-administered surveys and anthropometric measurements were obtained from adolescent females, randomly selected from eight schools in northern Saudi Arabia. Sample characteristics were age, menarche, and DE behaviors (binge eating, self-induced vomiting, and usage of laxatives). Body mass index was converted to percentiles using the age-to-gender scale. Self-perception of body image, perceived peer pressures, and the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) were scored, summated, and then presented in percentage mean scores (PMSs) and mean scores (MSs). RESULTS Sample comprised 399 participants. One hundred twenty-eight (32.1%) participants reported early age of menarche (≤12 years). Sixty-five (16.3%) participants reported the prevalence of overweight/obesity, 123 (30.8%) participants reported binge eating, 28 (7.0%) participants reported self-induced vomiting, and 21 (5.3%) participants reported usage of laxatives. The PMS of self-perception of body weight and peer pressure was 68.7±27.1 and 41.9±23.5, respectively. One hundred ninety-two (48.1%) participants needed professional dietary help. Students with early age of menarche were 1.7 times more likely to be overweight/obese (adjusted [adj] P=0.018) compared to others. Overweight/obese participants had significantly poorer self-perception of body image (PMS =47.4±25.0) and higher perceived peer pressure (PMS =49.5±23.1) compared to underweight/normal weight students (PMS =72.8±25.6 [P<0.001] and PMS =40.5±23.3 [P=0.005], respectively). Participants with early age of menarche complained of higher perceived peer pressure compared to others (P=0.045). Participants with DE behaviors had higher peer pressure (PMS =46.8±23.5) and higher scores on E-26 (MS =22.2±11.4) compared to their counter groups (P=0.002 and 0.016, respectively). CONCLUSION The high rate of overweight/obesity and DE behaviors among female adolescents is alarming. Special consideration should be made for those with early menarche who were more prone to overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashael Almuhlafi
- Department of Family Medicine, North West Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil Abu Jamilah
- Department of Family Medicine, North West Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F Almutairi
- Science and Technology Unit, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Mahmoud Salam
- Science and Technology Unit, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
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Ho CY. Estimating sibling spillovers in health: Evidence on symptoms. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2017; 27:93-101. [PMID: 28558310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper estimates the sibling spillover effect in health symptoms using a sample of US adolescents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health dataset. The research design of this paper is to restrict the sample to sibling pairs who are separated between schools, where one enters high school and the other middle school. Because of school separation, sibling pairs face independent health shocks from own school peers. The identification strategy further exploits variations in individual health across symptoms to control for unobserved individual heterogeneity, which flexibly partials out family correlated effects. Estimation results show that the sibling spillover effect is large as a one-standard-deviation increase in one sibling's frequency of developing a stomach ache or a loss of appetite increases the other sibling's frequency of having the same symptom by about 55% of a standard deviation. Further investigation suggests that the effect is not due to spillovers in drinking alcohol or depression, but probably due to the spread of contagious illnesses like the stomach flu.
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Dunker KLL, Claudino AM. Validity and Reliability of the Brazilian Version of the Weight Control Behaviors Scale. J Pediatr 2017; 189:143-148.e1. [PMID: 28709630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate the weight-control behaviors (WCBs) scale and to evaluate its psychometric properties. STUDY DESIGN We made use of data from a cluster-randomized trial assessing the effectiveness of the Brazilian New Moves Program. The Brazilian New Moves Program was a multicomponent intervention aimed at preventing weight-related problems among adolescent girls in public schools in São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS Healthy and unhealthy WCBs were strongly associated. A 2-factor solution was the best model to explain the correlation across items, including following constructs: (1) healthy WCB: exercising, eating more fruits and vegetables, drinking less regular soda or sweetened drinks, eating fewer sweets, and paying attention to portion sizes; and (2) unhealthy WCB: skipping meals and the presence of any other, combined unhealthy weight-control behaviors, including fasting, eating little, going on a diet, vomiting, taking diet pills, using diuretics (water pills), using laxatives, using food substitutes (powder/special drinks), and smoking more cigarettes. The WCB scale was determined to be reliable (internally consistent) and valid, with high scores positively associated with body dissatisfaction and high body mass index values. Individual reliability values were high for factors representing healthy and unhealthy WCBs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the use of the WCB scale as a screening tool for overall weight control behaviors among female adolescents. This assessment tool should be considered in future observational and experimental prospective studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-6ddpb3.
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Averett S, Terrizzi S, Wang Y. The Effect of Sorority Membership on Eating Disorders, Body Weight, and Disordered-Eating Behaviors. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2017; 26:875-891. [PMID: 27350388 DOI: 10.1002/hec.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders are currently the deadliest mental disorder in the United States, affecting an estimated 12%-25% of all college women. Previous research has found a positive correlation between sorority membership and eating disorders, but the causal link has not been firmly established. We contribute to the literature by investigating a possible causal link among sororities and diagnosed eating disorders, measurable weight outcomes, and disordered-eating behaviors using data from the American College Health Association Survey. We handle the potential endogeneity of sorority membership using propensity score matching and instrumental variable methods to determine whether joining a sorority is a cause of the weight-related outcomes we study. We find that sorority members exhibit worse weight-related outcomes than those not in a sorority. However, our propensity score matching and instrumental variable results suggest that, other than BMI, this is merely a correlation, and there is little evidence that sorority membership is a cause of the outcomes we study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Averett
- IZA and Department of Economics, Lafayette College, Easton, PA, USA
| | - Sabrina Terrizzi
- Department of Economics and Business, Moravian College, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Economics, Lafayette College, Easton, PA, USA
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Choi JS, Kim JS. Mediating Effect of Body Image Distortion on Weight Loss Efforts in Normal-Weight and Underweight Korean Adolescent Girls. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2017; 87:217-224. [PMID: 28147453 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored the relationship between body mass index-for-age percentile, body image distortion, and unnecessary weight loss efforts in Korean adolescent girls who are underweight and normal weight and examined the mediating effect of body image distortion on weight loss efforts. METHODS This study used data from the 2013 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study sample comprised 29,633 Korean adolescent girls who are normal weight and underweight. Chi-square tests and correlations were used to assess bivariate relationships between the variables. To assess the mediating effect of body image distortion on the relationship between body mass index-for-age percentile and weight loss efforts, a 3-step regression analysis was used. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between body mass index-for-age percentiles and body image distortion, and both significantly correlated with weight loss efforts. In addition, a distorted perception of being overweight or obese was a significant mediating variable. CONCLUSIONS School-based health education and intervention programs are needed to promote the formation of a positive body image, not only for obese adolescents, but also for normal-weight and underweight adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Sil Choi
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Kim
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
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Darling KE, Fahrenkamp AJ, Wilson SM, Karazsia BT, Sato AF. Does Social Support Buffer the Association Between Stress Eating and Weight Gain During the Transition to College? Differences by Gender. Behav Modif 2016; 41:368-381. [DOI: 10.1177/0145445516683924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to examine whether social support moderates the relationship between stress eating and body mass index (BMI) change over the freshman year in males and females. This longitudinal study included 70 college students (72.9% female; M age = 18.23) who completed self-reported measures of stress eating and perceived social support, with objective height and weight measurements collected. Among males, social support moderated the relationship between stress eating and BMI change. Among males, social support may serve as a buffer against the impact of stress eating on weight gain during the freshman year of college.
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18
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Zeller MH, Hunsaker S, Mikhail C, Reiter-Purtill J, McCullough MB, Garland B, Austin H, Washington G, Baughcum A, Rofey D, Smith K. Family factors that characterize adolescents with severe obesity and their role in weight loss surgery outcomes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2562-2569. [PMID: 27753228 PMCID: PMC5379472 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To comprehensively assess family characteristics of adolescents with severe obesity and whether family factors impact weight loss outcomes following weight loss surgery (WLS). METHODS Multisite prospective data from 138 adolescents undergoing WLS and primary caregivers (adolescent: Mage = 16.9; MBMI = 51.5 kg/m2 ; caregiver: Mage = 44.5; 93% female) and 83 nonsurgical comparators (NSComp: adolescent: Mage = 16.1; MBMI = 46.9 kg/m2 ; caregiver: Mage = 43.9; 94% female) were collected using standardized measures at presurgery/baseline and at 1 and 2 years. RESULTS The majority (77.3%) of caregivers had obesity, with rates of caregiver WLS significantly higher in the WLS (23.8%) versus NSComp group (3.7%, P < 0.001). Family dysfunction was prevalent (≈1 in every two to three families), with rates higher for NSComp than the WLS group. For the WLS group, preoperative family factors (i.e., caregiver BMI or WLS history, dysfunction, social support) were not significant predictors of adolescent weight loss at 1 and 2 years postoperatively, although change in family functioning over time emerged as a significant correlate of percent weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Rates of severe obesity in caregivers as well as family dysfunction were clinically noteworthy, although not related to adolescent weight loss success following WLS. However, change in family communication and emotional climate over time emerged as potential targets to optimize weight loss outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg H. Zeller
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati OH
| | - Sanita Hunsaker
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati OH
| | - Carmen Mikhail
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Beth Garland
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Gia Washington
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Dana Rofey
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kevin Smith
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
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Reszel J, Peterson WE, Moreau D. Young women's experiences of expected health behaviors during pregnancy: the importance of emotional support. J Community Health Nurs 2016; 31:198-211. [PMID: 25356990 DOI: 10.1080/07370016.2014.958395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Young women often have access to fewer resources to make expected behavior changes during pregnancy. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of young pregnant and parenting women regarding behavioral expectations and behavior change during pregnancy. Nine women (aged 15 to 24) participated in individual semistructured photo-elicitation interviews and data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The findings of this study suggest that although these young women received informational support throughout their pregnancies, there is a need to integrate emotional support into prenatal care for young pregnant women to facilitate their experience as one of empowerment rather than oppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Reszel
- a Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
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Huang HT, Kuo YM, Wang SR, Wang CF, Tsai CH. Structural Factors Affecting Health Examination Behavioral Intention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:395. [PMID: 27043606 PMCID: PMC4847057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Disease screening instruments used for secondary prevention can facilitate early determination and treatment of pathogenic factors, effectively reducing disease incidence, mortality rates, and health complications. Therefore, people should be encouraged to receive health examinations for discovering potential pathogenic factors before symptoms occur. Here, we used the health belief model as a foundation and integrated social psychological factors and investigated the factors influencing health examination behavioral intention among the public in Taiwan. In total, 388 effective questionnaires were analyzed through structural model analysis. Consequently, this study yielded four crucial findings: (1) The established extended health belief model could effectively predict health examination behavioral intention; (2) Self-efficacy was the factor that most strongly influenced health examination behavioral intention, followed by health knowledge; (3) Self-efficacy substantially influenced perceived benefits and perceived barriers; (4) Health knowledge and social support indirectly influenced health examination behavioral intention. The preceding results can effectively increase the acceptance and use of health examination services among the public, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and treatment and ultimately reducing disease and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Ming Kuo
- Department of Marketing and Distribution, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Shiang-Ru Wang
- Department of Business Administraiton, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chung-Hung Tsai
- Department of Health Administration, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 974, Taiwan.
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21
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Gwozdz W, Sousa-Poza A, Reisch LA, Bammann K, Eiben G, Kourides Y, Kovács É, Lauria F, Konstabel K, Santaliestra-Pasias AM, Vyncke K, Pigeot I. Peer effects on obesity in a sample of European children. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2015; 18:139-152. [PMID: 26115518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes peer effects on childhood obesity using data from the first two waves of the IDEFICS study, which applies several anthropometric and other measures of fatness to approximately 14,000 children aged two to nine participating in both waves in 16 regions of eight European countries. Peers are defined as same-sex children in the same school and age group. The results show that peer effects do exist in this European sample but that they differ among both regions and different fatness measures. Peer effects are larger in Spain, Italy, and Cyprus--the more collectivist regions in our sample--while waist circumference generally gives rise to larger peer effects than BMI. We also provide evidence that parental misperceptions of their own children's weight goes hand in hand with fatter peer groups, supporting the notion that in making such assessments, parents compare their children's weight with that of friends and schoolmates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencke Gwozdz
- Department of Intercultural Communication and Management, Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.
| | - Alfonso Sousa-Poza
- Institute for Health Care & Public Management, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 48, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Lucia A Reisch
- Department of Intercultural Communication and Management, Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.
| | - Karin Bammann
- Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine & Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Yiannis Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
| | - Éva Kovács
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Science & Technology, National Research Council, Italy.
| | - Kenn Konstabel
- Institute of Psychology, Social Sciences and Education, University of Tartu, Estonia.
| | | | - Krishna Vyncke
- Department of Public Health, Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Iris Pigeot
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate weight concerns among adolescent boys and relationships with health indicators and family factors. DESIGN Analysis of the 2010 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey of 10-17-year-olds. SETTING Schools in the Republic of Ireland. RESULTS Among 6187 boys, 25.1% reported a desire to lose weight (weight 'loss' concern) and 7.7% reported a desire to gain weight (weight 'gain' concern). Both types of weight concerns were associated with poor self-rated health, life satisfaction and happiness, and with more frequent emotional and physical symptoms. Family factors were associated with boys' weight concerns. In adjusted analyses, the risk of weight 'loss' concerns decreased with daily family breakfasts (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.66, 0.97). The risk of weight 'gain' concerns decreased with frequent family evening meals (OR=0.77; 95% CI 0.60, 0.99). Ease of communication with mother was associated with a decreased risk of weight 'loss' and weight 'gain' concerns among boys (OR=0.74; 95% CI 0.60, 0.90 and OR=0.61; 95% CI 0.44, 0.82, respectively). An open father-son relationship and having a father present in the home decreased the risk of weight 'loss' concerns (OR=0.69; 95% CI 0.57, 0.82 and OR=0.81; 95% CI 0.67, 0.98, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Body weight concerns were reported by a sizeable minority of boys and were associated with negative health outcomes. The findings support the need to promote frequent family meals and facilitate open communication in families.
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Fiorillo D, Sabatini F. Structural social capital and health in Italy. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2015; 17:129-142. [PMID: 25805101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the first empirical assessment of the causal relationship between social capital and health in Italy. The analysis draws on the 2000 wave of the Multipurpose Survey on Household conducted by the Italian Institute of Statistics on a representative sample of the population (n=46,868). Our measure of social capital is the frequency of meetings with friends. Based on IV and bivariate probit estimates, we find that individuals who meet friends every day or more time times a week are approximately 11-16% more likely to report good health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Fiorillo
- Department of Business and Economics, University of Napoli Parthenope, Italy; Health, Econometrics and Data Group, University of York, United Kingdom.
| | - Fabio Sabatini
- Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Laboratory for Comparative Social Research, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation.
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Todd AS, Street SJ, Ziviani J, Byrne NM, Hills AP. Overweight and obese adolescent girls: the importance of promoting sensible eating and activity behaviors from the start of the adolescent period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:2306-29. [PMID: 25690003 PMCID: PMC4344727 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120202306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The adolescent period is associated with changes in eating and activity behaviors in girls. Less reliance on parental provision and choice of food, coupled with a decrease in participation in physical activity and sport, can create an energy imbalance, predisposing to weight gain. Physiological alterations to body composition, reduction in insulin sensitivity, and psychological adjustments may further amplify the risk of becoming overweight and maintaining an unhealthy level of body fat into childbearing years. During pregnancy excess body fat is a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes and may predispose an infant to a lifelong heightened risk of being overweight and developing chronic disease. Interventions aimed at preventing the accumulation of body fat in adolescent girls and young women may have far reaching impact and be critically important in reducing intergenerational weight gain. Lifestyle interventions in adolescence have the potential to modify adult obesity risk by switching at-risk individuals from a high to lower obesity risk trajectory. This paper discusses multiple approaches to assist at-risk individuals reduce obesity risk. A key focus is placed on engagement in food preparation and choice, and opportunities for physical activity and sport. Support, education, and opportunity at home and at school, are often associated with the success of lifestyle interventions, and may enable adolescents to make positive choices, and engage in health promoting behaviors during adolescence and childbearing years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwyn S Todd
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4101, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mater Health Services, Brisbane 4101, Australia.
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
| | - Steven J Street
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4101, Australia.
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.
| | - Jenny Ziviani
- Children's Health Queensland, Queensland Health, Brisbane 4000, Australia.
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Australia.
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.
- Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.
| | - Andrew P Hills
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4101, Australia.
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
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Jelalian E, Hadley W, Sato A, Kuhl E, Rancourt D, Oster D, Lloyd-Richardson E. Adolescent weight control: an intervention targeting parent communication and modeling compared with minimal parental involvement. J Pediatr Psychol 2014; 40:203-13. [PMID: 25294840 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsu082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescent weight control interventions demonstrate variable findings, with inconsistent data regarding the appropriate role for parents. The current study examined the efficacy of a standard adolescent behavioral weight control (BWC) intervention that also targeted parent-adolescent communication and parental modeling of healthy behaviors (Standard Behavioral Treatment + Enhanced Parenting; SBT + EP) compared with a standard BWC intervention (SBT). METHODS 49 obese adolescents (M age = 15.10; SD = 1.33; 76% female; 67.3% non-Hispanic White) and a caregiver were randomly assigned to SBT or SBT + EP. Adolescent and caregiver weight and height, parental modeling, and weight-related communication were obtained at baseline and end of the 16-week intervention. RESULTS Significant decreases in adolescent weight and increases in parental self-monitoring were observed across both conditions. Analyses of covariance revealed a trend for greater reduction in weight and negative maternal commentary among SBT condition participants. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to hypotheses, targeting parent-adolescent communication and parental modeling did not lead to better outcomes in adolescent weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Jelalian
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Wendy Hadley
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Amy Sato
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Elizabeth Kuhl
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Diana Rancourt
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Danielle Oster
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Elizabeth Lloyd-Richardson
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
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Throop EM, Skinner AC, Perrin AJ, Steiner MJ, Odulana A, Perrin EM. Pass the popcorn: "obesogenic" behaviors and stigma in children's movies. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:1694-700. [PMID: 24311390 PMCID: PMC4004726 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of obesity-related behaviors and attitudes in children's movies. METHODS A mixed-methods study of the top-grossing G- and PG-rated movies, 2006-2010 (4 per year) was performed. For each 10-min movie segment, the following were assessed: 1) prevalence of key nutrition and physical activity behaviors corresponding to the American Academy of Pediatrics obesity prevention recommendations for families; 2) prevalence of weight stigma; 3) assessment as healthy, unhealthy, or neutral; 3) free-text interpretations of stigma. RESULTS Agreement between coders was >85% (Cohen's kappa = 0.7), good for binary responses. Segments with food depicted: exaggerated portion size (26%); unhealthy snacks (51%); sugar-sweetened beverages (19%). Screen time was also prevalent (40% of movies showed television; 35% computer; 20% video games). Unhealthy segments outnumbered healthy segments 2:1. Most (70%) of the movies included weight-related stigmatizing content (e.g., "That fat butt! Flabby arms! And this ridiculous belly!"). CONCLUSIONS These popular children's movies had significant "obesogenic" content, and most contained weight-based stigma. They present a mixed message to children, promoting unhealthy behaviors while stigmatizing the behaviors' possible effects. Further research is needed to determine the effects of such messages on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Throop
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
| | - Asheley Cockrell Skinner
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
| | - Andrew J. Perrin
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Michael J. Steiner
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
| | - Adebowale Odulana
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Eliana M. Perrin
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Cohen DA, Ghosh-Dastidar B, Conway TL, Evenson KR, Rodriguez DA, Beckman R, Elder JP, Pickrel J, Lytle L. Energy balance in adolescent girls: the trial of activity for adolescent girls cohort. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:772-80. [PMID: 23804512 PMCID: PMC3825824 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study correlates of change in BMI percentile and body fat among adolescent girls. METHODS A longitudinal prospective study following 265 girls from the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG) cohort measured in 8th grade and during 10 and 11th grade or 11th and 12th grade. Twice during 2009-2011 girls wore an accelerometer and completed a food frequency questionnaire and 7-day diary documenting trips and food eaten away from home and school. Physical activity, BMI, and percent body fat were objectively measured at each time point. RESULTS Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) declined, but the change was not independently associated with changes in BMI percentile. Increased vigorous physical activity was associated with reductions in body fat. Diet was associated with both changes in BMI percentile and body fat. Girls who increased the percentage of caloric intake from snacks and desserts reduced their BMI percentile and body fat. CONCLUSIONS Some relationships between energy balance behaviors and BMI and body composition were counter-intuitive. While it is plausible that vigorous physical activity would result in reductions of body fat, until more accurate methods are devised to measure diet, the precise contribution of dietary composition to health will be difficult to assess.
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Herget S, Rudolph A, Hilbert A, Blüher S. Psychosocial status and mental health in adolescents before and after bariatric surgery: a systematic literature review. Obes Facts 2014; 7:233-45. [PMID: 25059420 PMCID: PMC5644788 DOI: 10.1159/000365793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As long-term results of conservative treatment for obesity are discouraging, bariatric surgery is becoming a treatment option for extremely obese adolescents. However, mental and behavioral problems need to be respected when treating this vulnerable target group. METHODS A detailed systematic literature review on pre- and post-operative depressive, anxiety and eating disorder symptoms of adolescent patients was performed in PsychINFO, PubMed and Medline electronic databases. RESULTS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Although strength of evidence was limited, results suggested that pre-operatively a third of adolescents suffered from moderate to severe depressive disorder symptoms and a quarter from anxiety disorder symptoms, while a substantial number showed eating disorder symptoms. Post-operatively, levels of depressive disorder symptoms significantly improved. Original articles on outcomes of eating and anxiety disorder symptoms after weight loss surgery were not found. CONCLUSIONS Further attention is needed on consistent clinical assessment of mental health disturbances and their consecutive treatment in adolescents. Future research should also focus on psychological and psychosocial predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Herget
- *Sabine Herget, M.Sc., M.Sc.PH, Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, 04103 Leipzig (Germany),
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Jeffers AJ, Vatalaro Hill KE, Benotsch EG. Energy drinks, weight loss, and disordered eating behaviors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2014; 62:336-342. [PMID: 24635529 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2014.902838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined energy drink consumption and relations with weight loss attempts and behaviors, body image, and eating disorders. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS This is a secondary analysis using data from 856 undergraduate students who completed the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II confidentially online during February 2012. RESULTS This study revealed that the majority reported lifetime consumption of energy drinks (68.4%) and a substantial minority (30.2%) reported past-30-day consumption. Chi-square and t test results suggest that consumption is associated with concerns about personal appearance, weight loss attempts, and disordered eating behaviors (eg, vomiting). Hierarchical logistic regressions revealed that after controlling for demographics, the relations between energy drink consumption and the act of trying to lose weight, the use of diet pills, and the use of vomiting/laxatives remained significant. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that energy drink consumption is associated with weight loss attempts, poor body image, and unhealthy weight loss behaviors. Future research should examine the prevalence of energy drink consumption for the purpose of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Jeffers
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia
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