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Rubio-Sánchez R, Lepe-Balsalobre E, Ubeda C, Lepe-Jiménez JA. Volatile biomarkers of Gram-positive bacteria of clinical relevance as a tool for infection diagnosis. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00511-z. [PMID: 38512524 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being studied as potential biomarkers in many infections. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the volatile profile of three Gram-positive bacteria of clinical relevance to identify potential volatile biomarkers that allow their differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and E. faecalis clinical isolates were inoculated in a thioglycollate medium until grown. Then, VOCs were extracted by solid-phase microextraction, and the data obtained were subjected to multivariate analysis. According to our results, there was a high production of aldehydes in E. faecalis. In the case of alcohols, they only increased in L. monocytogenes, while ketones were produced significantly in all three bacteria, mainly due to acetoin. Acids were produced significantly in E. faecalis and L. monocytogenes. CONCLUSIONS Potential biomarkers of L. monocytogenes could be 1-butanol and 2-methylbutanoic acid. In the case of E. faecalis, the VOC most related to its presence was nonanal. Lastly, potential biomarkers of S. aureus could be isoamyl butanoate and methionol, although some pyrazines have also been associated with this bacterium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The identification of potential biomarkers of these clinically relevant bacteria could open the way for the diagnosis of these infections through the analysis of volatile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rubio-Sánchez
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Ubeda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Lepe-Jiménez
- Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University of Seville/CSIC/University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
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Kar M, Siddiqui T, Dubey A, Hashim Z, Sahu C, Ghoshal U. Respiratory bacterial co-infections and their antibiotic resistance pattern in COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care centre in India. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000514.v3. [PMID: 37424565 PMCID: PMC10323793 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000514.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) are prone to develop respiratory bacterial infections irrespective of their need for mechanical ventilatory support. Hypothesis/Gap Statement Information about the incidence of concomitant respiratory bacterial infections in COVID- 19 patients from India is limited. Aim This study aimed to determine the incidence of concomitant respiratory bacterial pathogens and their drug resistance in these patients. Methodology A prospective study was performed by including patients who were admitted to our tertiary care centre from March 2021 to May 2021 to evaluate secondary bacterial respiratory co-infections in patients via real-time PCR (RT-PCR)-confirmed cases of COVID-19 disease caused by SARS CoV-2. Results Sixty-nine culture-positive respiratory samples from patients with COVID-19 were incorporated into this study. The most commonly isolated bacterial microorganisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (23 samples, 33.33 %) and Acinetobacter baumannii (15, 21.73 %), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13, 18.84 %). Among the microorganisms isolated, 41 (59.4 %) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and nine (13 %) were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Among the Gram-negative bacteria isolated, K. pneumoniae showed high drug resistance. Fifty carbapenem-resistant microorganisms were isolated from the patients included in our study. Concerning the hospital stay of the patients enrolled, there was an increased length of intensive care unit stay, which was 22.25±15.42 days among patients needing mechanical ventilation in comparison to 5.39±9.57 days in patients on ambient air or low/high-flow oxygen. Conclusion COVID-19 patients need increased length of hospitalization and have a high incidence of secondary respiratory bacterial infections and high antimicrobial drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Kar
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226014, India
| | - Tasneem Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226014, India
| | - Akanksha Dubey
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226014, India
| | - Zia Hashim
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh -226014, India
| | - Chinmoy Sahu
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226014, India
| | - Ujjala Ghoshal
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226014, India
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Du X, Wang M, Hu X, Nie T, Zhu M, Zhang G, You X, Wang Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel N, N'-diarylurea derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against MRSA. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 75:128975. [PMID: 36067930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A series of new N, N'-diarylurea derivatives were designed and synthesized, some of which exhibited potent antibacterial activity against the drug-susceptible and drug-resistant Gram-positive strains. Especially, compounds 2c, 2g-2l showed broader antibacterial spectrum and more potent antibacterial activity (MIC = 0.30-2.72 μM) against MRSA and MRSE than the control levofloxacin (MIC = 0.69-22.14 μM). In addition, compounds 2c, 2g, 2h and 2l exhibited much better antibacterial activity (MIC = 1.29-2.86 μM) against VRE (E. faecium) than sorafenib (MIC = 275.37 μM), PK150 (MIC = 5.07-10.13 μM) and SC78 (MIC = 2.40-4.79 μM). More importantly, the low cytotoxicity of compounds on cell lines HeLa and HepG2 implied a relatively wide therapeutic window, which was of high importance for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Du
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xinxin Hu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Tongying Nie
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Guoning Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Xuefu You
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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Khurshid U, Ahmad S, Saleem H, LodhI AH, Pervaiz I, Khan MA, Khan H, AlamrI A, AnsarI M, LocatellI M, Arshad MA, Wazir MA, Butt J, Anwar S. Multifaced Assessment of Antioxidant Power, Phytochemical Metabolomics, In-Vitro Biological Potential and In-Silico Studies of Neurada procumbens L.: An Important Medicinal Plant. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185849. [PMID: 36144585 PMCID: PMC9501585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This work was undertaken to explore the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme-inhibiting properties of Neurada procumbens L. extracts/fractions of varying polarity (methanol extract and its fractions including n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions). A preliminary phytochemical study of all extracts/fractions, HPLC-PDA polyphenolic quantification, and GC-MS analysis of the n-hexane fraction were used to identify the phytochemical makeup. Antioxidant (DPPH), enzyme inhibition (against xanthine oxidase, carbonic anhydrase, and urease enzymes), and antibacterial activities against seven bacterial strains were performed for biological investigation. The GC-MS analysis revealed the tentative identification of 22 distinct phytochemicals in the n-hexane fraction, the majority of which belonged to the phenol, flavonoid, sesquiterpenoid, terpene, fatty acid, sterol, and triterpenoid classes of secondary metabolites. HPLC-PDA analysis quantified syringic acid, 3-OH benzoic acid, t-ferullic acid, naringin, and epicatechin in a significant amount. All of the studied extracts/fractions displayed significant antioxidant capability, with methanol extract exhibiting the highest radical-scavenging activity, as measured by an inhibitory percentage of 81.4 ± 0.7 and an IC50 value of 1.3 ± 0.3. For enzyme inhibition experiments, the n-hexane fraction was shown to be highly potent against xanthine oxidase and urease enzymes, with respective IC50 values of 2.3 ± 0.5 and 1.1 ± 0.4 mg/mL. Similarly, the methanol extract demonstrated the strongest activity against the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, with an IC50 value of 2.2 ± 0.4 mg/mL. Moreover, all the studied extracts/fractions presented moderate antibacterial potential against seven bacterial strains. Molecular docking of the five molecules β-amyrin, campesterol, ergosta-4,6,22-trien-3β-ol, stigmasterol, and caryophyllene revealed the interaction of these ligands with the investigated enzyme (xanthine oxidase). The results of the present study suggested that the N. procumbens plant may be evaluated as a possible source of bioactive compounds with multifunctional therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Khurshid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (U.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Saleem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (U.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Arslan Hussain LodhI
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chenab, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Abdulwahab AlamrI
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtar AnsarI
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcello LocatellI
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Muhammad Adeel Arshad
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Wazir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Juwairiya Butt
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia
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Kar M, Dubey A, Patel SS, Siddiqui T, Ghoshal U, Sahu C. Characteristics of Bacterial Colonization and Urinary Tract Infection after Indwelling of Double-J ureteral Stent and Percutaneous Nephrostomy Tube. J Glob Infect Dis 2022; 14:75-80. [PMID: 35910826 PMCID: PMC9336602 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_276_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Infections associated with catheter in the upper urinary tract (CUUT), which include the double-J stent and the percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube, get particularly infected in patients with specific risk factors for developing an infection. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out by compiling data from the hospital information system of a tertiary care center from 2019 to 2021 to evaluate infections in patients with catheter in the upper urinary tract. Result: A total of 200 pus samples of double-J stent (96 pus samples) and PCN tube (104 pus samples) were included in our study. Among patients with nephrostomy tube, the most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli, followed by Pseudomonas spp. In those with a double-J stent, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by E. coli were the most commonly isolated microorganisms. We found 55.72% of cases of Enterobacteriaceae-producing carbapenemases in patients with a percutaneous catheter. 66.07% of Enterobacteriaceae in patients with double-J and nephrostomy stents are extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. The percentage of cultures with multiple-drug resistance (MDR) microorganisms was 38.54% in patients with double-J stents and 37.75% in nephrostomy tubes. The presence of prior urinary tract infection (P = 0.010), presence of urinary catheter before admission (P = 0.005), increased time with single urinary catheter in-situ (P < 0.001), and increased length of hospital stay (P = 0.036) were risk factors for isolation of MDR microorganisms. Conclusion: Pseudomonas spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are commonly infecting both the CUUT. E. coli infections are more commonly infecting the nephrostomy tubes. MDR microorganisms are frequent, mainly in patients with prior urinary tract infection, presence of urinary catheter before admission, and prolonged use of a single catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Kar
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akanksha Dubey
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sangram Singh Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tasneem Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjala Ghoshal
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chinmoy Sahu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Loayza F, Graham JP, Trueba G. Factors Obscuring the Role of E. coli from Domestic Animals in the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis: An Evidence-Based Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3061. [PMID: 32354184 PMCID: PMC7246672 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have found limited associations between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in domestic animals (and animal products), and AMR in human clinical settings. These studies have primarily used Escherichia coli, a critically important bacterial species associated with significant human morbidity and mortality. E. coli is found in domestic animals and the environment, and it can be easily transmitted between these compartments. Additionally, the World Health Organization has highlighted E. coli as a "highly relevant and representative indicator of the magnitude and the leading edge of the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem". In this paper, we discuss the weaknesses of current research that aims to link E. coli from domestic animals to the current AMR crisis in humans. Fundamental gaps remain in our understanding the complexities of E. coli population genetics and the magnitude of phenomena such as horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or DNA rearrangements (transposition and recombination). The dynamic and intricate interplay between bacterial clones, plasmids, transposons, and genes likely blur the evidence of AMR transmission from E. coli in domestic animals to human microbiota and vice versa. We describe key factors that are frequently neglected when carrying out studies of AMR sources and transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Loayza
- Microbiology Institute, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Cumbayá-Quito P.O. BOX 170901, Ecuador
| | - Jay P. Graham
- Berkeley School of Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Microbiology Institute, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Cumbayá-Quito P.O. BOX 170901, Ecuador
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Merlo J, Bustamante G, Llibre JM. Bacteremic pneumonia caused by Enterococcus hirae in a subject receiving regorafenib. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2019; 38:226-229. [PMID: 31492453 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infections due to Enterococcus hirae have rarely been reported in humans but are not uncommon in mammals and birds. We describe a case of E. hirae bacteremia and pneumonia in a bird breeder and its potential relationship with regorafenib, a tirosin kinase inhibitor (TKI). METHODS Descriptive study and review of the literature through a PubMed search of the cases described previously to date. RESULTS Only seventeen cases have been described, mainly endocarditis, pyelonephritis, and intraabdominal infections. No cases of pneumonia have been reported so far. The recent increase in TKI use opens a new field to explore in infectious diseases due to both the exposure to these immunosuppressive drugs and the increased survival of subjects with severe underlying comorbidities. CONCLUSION In patients in contact with birds, immunosuppressed by their underlying morbidities and treated with regorafenib, clinicians should be aware of an increased risk of unusual potentially severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Merlo
- Infectious Diseases Dept, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gloria Bustamante
- Infectious Diseases Dept, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Llibre
- Infectious Diseases Dept, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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da Silva FAG, Alcaraz-Espinoza JJ, da Costa MM, de Oliveira HP. Low intensity electric field inactivation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria via metal-free polymeric composite. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:827-837. [PMID: 30889757 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion of pathogenic bacteria in medical implants and surfaces is a health-related problem that requires strong inhibition against bacterial growth and attachment. In this work, we have explored the enhancement in the antibacterial activity of metal free-based composites under external electric field. It affects the oxidation degree of polypyrrole-based electrodes and consequently the antibacterial activity of the material. A conductive layer of carbon nanotubes (graphite) was deposited on porous substrate of polyurethane (sandpaper) and covered by polypyrrole, providing highly conductive electrodes characterized by intrinsic antibacterial activity and reinforced by electro-enhanced effect due to the external electric field. The bacterial inhibition of composites was monitored from counting of viable cells at different voltage/time of treatment and determination of biofilm inhibition on electrodes and reactors. The external voltage on electrodes reduces the threshold time for complete bacterial inactivation of PPy-based composites to values in order of 30 min for Staphylococcus aureus and 60 min for Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A G da Silva
- Institute of Materials Science, Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley, 48920-310 Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus M da Costa
- Institute of Materials Science, Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley, 48920-310 Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | - Helinando P de Oliveira
- Institute of Materials Science, Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley, 48920-310 Juazeiro, BA, Brazil.
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Coronado-Álvarez NM, Parra D, Parra-Ruiz J. Clinical efficacy of fosfomycin combinations against a variety of gram-positive cocci. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2018; 37:4-10. [PMID: 29907368 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over recent years we have witnessed an increase in the resistance of microorganisms to the available antimicrobials and a decrease in the number of new antimicrobials. Fosfomycin is a safe and cheap broad-spectrum antibiotic which has shown very promising results in combination therapy, mainly against gram-negative microorganisms. Little is known, however, about its clinical efficacy against gram-positive microorganisms. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of all patients with severe gram-positive infections who received fosfomycin as part of their treatment from 2011 to 2017. We also performed in vitro time-kill assays to study the behaviour of fosfomycin with different antimicrobials against two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and two strains of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). RESULTS Seventy-five patients were treated with different fosfomycin combinations. Among them, 61 (81%) were successfully treated. Daptomycin plus fosfomycin was the most effective combination. Overall, the treatment with fosfomycin was safe, and side effects were minor. There was only one major side effect that resolved after discontinuation of therapy. Time-kill studies demonstrated increased activity of fosfomycin combinations, with daptomycin-fosfomycin being the most active combination against both MRSA and MSSA strains. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that antimicrobial combinations including fosfomycin are an alternative and effective approach for gram-positive infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves M Coronado-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Anti Microbiana LIAM, Hospital Inmaculada, Grupo HLA SLU, Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Parra
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Fundación Bancaria Caja de Ahorros de Asturias, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Spain
| | - Jorge Parra-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Investigación Anti Microbiana LIAM, Hospital Inmaculada, Grupo HLA SLU, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Inmaculada, Grupo HLA SLU, Granada, Spain.
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A simple nanostructured biosensor based on clavanin A antimicrobial peptide for gram-negative bacteria detection. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Galuppo M, De Nicola GR, Iori R, Dell’Utri P, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Antibacterial activity of glucomoringin bioactivated with myrosinase against two important pathogens affecting the health of long-term patients in hospitals. Molecules 2013; 18:14340-8. [PMID: 24264136 PMCID: PMC6270176 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181114340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GLs) are natural compounds present in species of the order Brassicales and precursors of bioactive isothiocyanates (ITCs). In the recent years, they have been studied mainly for their chemopreventive as well as novel chemotherapeutics properties. Among them 4-(α-L-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl glucosinolate (glucomoringin; GMG), purified from seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam., a plant belonging to the Moringaceae family, represents an uncommon member of the GL family with peculiar characteristics. This short communication reports new evidences about the properties of GMG and presents a new innovative utilization of the molecule. The bioactivation of GMG by myrosinase enzyme just before treatment, permits to maximize the power of the final product of the reaction, which is the 4-(α-L-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC). We tested the antibiotic activity of this latter compound on two strains of pathogens affecting the health of patients in hospital, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus casseliflavus, and on the yeast Candida albicans. Results show that the sensibility of S. aureus BAA-977 strain and E. casseliflavus to GMG-ITC treatment reveals an important possible application of this molecule in the clinical care of patients, more and more often resistant to traditional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Galuppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, S.S.113, Contrada Casazza, Messina 98124, Italy; E-Mails: (M.G.); (P.D.); (P.B.)
| | - Gina Rosalinda De Nicola
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Via Di Corticella 133, Bologna 40128, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Renato Iori
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Via Di Corticella 133, Bologna 40128, Italy; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (R.I.); or (E.M.); Tel.: +39-051-631-6849 (R.I.); Fax: +39-051-374-857 (R.I.); Tel.: +39-090-6012-8708 (E.M.); Fax: +39-090-6012-8850 (E.M.)
| | - Pia Dell’Utri
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, S.S.113, Contrada Casazza, Messina 98124, Italy; E-Mails: (M.G.); (P.D.); (P.B.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, S.S.113, Contrada Casazza, Messina 98124, Italy; E-Mails: (M.G.); (P.D.); (P.B.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, S.S.113, Contrada Casazza, Messina 98124, Italy; E-Mails: (M.G.); (P.D.); (P.B.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (R.I.); or (E.M.); Tel.: +39-051-631-6849 (R.I.); Fax: +39-051-374-857 (R.I.); Tel.: +39-090-6012-8708 (E.M.); Fax: +39-090-6012-8850 (E.M.)
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