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Sharma D, Sharma S, Mandal V, Dhobi M. Unveiling the anti-inflammatory potential of Acalypha indica L. and analyzing its research trend: digging deep to learn deep. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1935-1956. [PMID: 37796311 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The plant Acalypha indica L. is a well-known traditional plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. Traditional practices of the plant claim to treat asthma, pneumonia, wound healing, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchitis, and skin disorders. The major phytochemicals reported are cyanogenic glucosides, tannins, coumarins, flavonoid glycosides, fatty acids, and volatile oils. To summarize the anti-inflammatory potential of Acalypha indica extract and its phytochemicals through preclinical studies. The search terms include anti-inflammatory, Acalypha indica, and Acalypha indica extract independently or in combination with pro-inflammatory markers using various databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The results of preclinical studies confirm that Acalypha indica exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity. Most of the experimental studies that have been conducted on plant extract are protein denaturation, human red blood cell membrane stabilization assay, and carrageenan-induced inflammation models. However, the molecular mechanism in these studies is still unclear to demonstrate its anti-inflammatory effects. Acalypha indica possesses anti-inflammatory effects that may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds especially flavonoids present in the Acalypha indica. Thus, further research is needed, to understand mechanistic insights of the plant phytochemicals to represent anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Vivekananda Mandal
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chattisgarh, 495009, India
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Delhi, 110017, India.
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2
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Alexova R, Alexandrova S, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Solak A, Mehan S, Petralia MC, Fagone P, Mangano K, Nicoletti F, Tancheva L. Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Ellagic Acid and Polyphenols of Punica granatum L. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093772. [PMID: 37175181 PMCID: PMC10180134 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a rich source of polyphenols, including ellagitannins and ellagic acid. The plant is used in traditional medicine, and its purified components can provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and support of host defenses during viral infection and recovery from disease. Current data show that pomegranate polyphenol extract and its ellagitannin components and metabolites exert their beneficial effects by controlling immune cell infiltration, regulating the cytokine secretion and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, and by modulating the activity of the NFκB pathway. In vitro, pomegranate extracts and ellagitannins interact with and inhibit the infectivity of a range of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. In silico docking studies show that ellagitannins bind to several SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, including a number of proteases. This warrants further exploration of polyphenol-viral and polyphenol-host interactions in in vitro and in vivo studies. Pomegranate extracts, ellagitannins and ellagic acid are promising agents to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to restrict the host inflammatory response to viral infections, as well as to supplement the depleted host antioxidant levels during the stage of recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitza Alexova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Simona Alexandrova
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stela Dragomanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Marin Drinov Str. 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Ivan Mihailov Str. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Ayten Solak
- Institute of Cryobiology and Food Technologies, Cherni Vrah Blvd. 5, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Neuroscience, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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3
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Aleksandrova S, Alexova R, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Nicoletti F, Fagone P, Petralia MC, Mangano K, Tancheva L. Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum L. Polyphenols in Neurological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031856. [PMID: 36768185 PMCID: PMC9916020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a polyphenol-rich food and medicinal plant containing flavonols, anthocyanins, and tannins. Ellagitannins (ETs) are the most abundant polyphenols in pomegranate. A growing body of research shows that polyphenol-rich pomegranate extracts and their metabolites target multiple types of brain cell and support their redox balance, proliferation and survival, as well as cell signaling. Independent studies have demonstrated that the significant neuroprotective effects of ETs are mediated by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, their chelating properties, by their ability to activate various signaling pathways, as well as the ability to influence mitochondrial damage, thus regulating autophagy, apoptosis and neurotransmitter signaling. The multitude of in vitro and in vivo studies summarized in the present review suggest that pomegranate polyphenols act on both neuronal and glial cells directly, and also affect blood-brain barrier function, restoring redox balance in the blood and brain and increasing blood flow to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Aleksandrova
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ralitza Alexova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University—Sofia, 2 Zdrave St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stela Dragomanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Health Care, South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Ivan Mihailov St. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Khalifa J, Bourgault S, Gaudreault R. Interactions of Polyphenolic Gallotannins with Amyloidogenic Polypeptides Associated with Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Insights to Physiological Significance. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:603-617. [PMID: 38270140 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050277001231213073043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural compounds abundantly found in plants. They are known for their numerous benefits to human health, including antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory activities. Interestingly, many studies have revealed that polyphenols can also modulate the formation of amyloid fibrils associated with disease states and can prevent the formation of cytotoxic oligomer species. In this review, we underline the numerous effects of four hydrolysable gallotannins (HGTs) with high conformational flexibility, low toxicity, and multi-targeticity, e.g., tannic acid, pentagalloyl glucose, corilagin, and 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, on the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins associated with the Alzheimer's Disease (AD). These HGTs have demonstrated interesting abilities to reduce, at different levels, the formation of amyloid fibrils involved in AD, including those assembled from the amyloid β-peptide, the tubulin-associated unit, and the islet amyloid polypeptide. HGTs were also shown to disassemble pre-formed fibrils and to diminish cognitive decline in mice. Finally, this manuscript highlights the importance of further investigating these naturally occurring HGTs as promising scaffolds to design molecules that can interfere with the formation of proteotoxic oligomers and aggregates associated with AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Khalifa
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101 Rue Jeanne-Mance, Montréal, QC, H2X 2J6, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), 3420 University Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101 Rue Jeanne-Mance, Montréal, QC, H2X 2J6, Canada
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications, PROTEO, Canada
| | - Roger Gaudreault
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101 Rue Jeanne-Mance, Montréal, QC, H2X 2J6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), 3420 University Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 3Y7, Canada
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5
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Bopardikar M, Koti Ainavarapu SR, Hosur RV. Pyrogallol, Corilagin and Chebulagic acid target the "fuzzy coat" of alpha-synuclein to inhibit the fibrillization of the protein. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35770-35777. [PMID: 36545068 PMCID: PMC9749937 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) in the form of insoluble fibrillar aggregates in the central nervous system is linked to a variety of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and multiple system atrophy. Here we show that Pyrogallol, Corilagin and Chebulagic acid, compounds containing a different number of catechol rings, are independently capable of delaying and reducing the extent of αSyn fibrillization. The efficiency of inhibition was found to correlate with the number of catechol rings. Further, our NMR studies reveal that these compounds interact with the N-terminal region of αSyn which is unstructured even in the fibrillar form of the protein and is known as the "fuzzy coat" of fibrils. Thus, Corilagin and Chebulagic acid target the fuzzy coat of αSyn and not the amyloid core which is a common target for the inhibition of protein fibrillization. Our results indicate that the N-terminus also plays a key role in the fibrillization of αSyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Bopardikar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai 400005India
| | - Sri Rama Koti Ainavarapu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha Road, ColabaMumbai 400005India
| | - Ramakrishna V. Hosur
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina CampusSantacruzMumbai 400098India
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6
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Corilagin Restrains NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway to Prevent Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1652244. [PMID: 36299604 PMCID: PMC9592212 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1652244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Corilagin, a gallotannin, shows excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The NLRP3 inflammasome dysfunction has been implicated in a variety of inflammation diseases. However, it remains unclear how corilagin regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome to relieve gouty arthritis. In this study, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then incubated with NLRP3 inflammasome agonists, such as adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ATP), nigericin, and monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. The MSU crystals were intra-articular injected to induce acute gouty arthritis. Here we showed that corilagin reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion and the proportion of propidium iodide- (PI-)stained cells. Corilagin suppressed the expression of N-terminal of the pyroptosis executive protein gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT). Corilagin restricted caspase-1 p20 and interleukin (IL)-1β release. Meanwhile, corilagin attenuated ASC oligomerization and speck formation. Our findings confirmed that corilagin diminished NLRP3 inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis. We further discovered that corilagin limited the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and prevented the interaction between TXNIP and NLRP3, but ROS activator imiquimod could antagonize the inhibitory function of corilagin on NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis. Additionally, corilagin ameliorated MSU crystals induced joint swelling, inhibited IL-1β production, and abated macrophage and neutrophil migration into the joint capsule. Collectively, these results demonstrated that corilagin suppressed the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway to repress inflammasome activation and pyroptosis and suggest its potential antioxidative role in alleviating NLRP3-dependent gouty arthritis.
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7
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Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates the Inflammatory Stress of LPS-Induced BV2 Cell via Interacting with TLR4-Mediated Downstream Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6282167. [PMID: 35633920 PMCID: PMC9132620 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6282167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation is related with the inflammatory stress of brain tissue induced by the activation of microglial in the central nervous system (CNS), which is still an intractable disease for modern clinical system. Chlorogenic acid has multiple biological activities such as antivirus and anti-inflammation, while few researches have revealed its therapeutic functions in neuroinflammation. Methods BV2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish neuroinflammation cell models, and the effects and mechanism of chlorogenic acid in improving the inflammatory progression were investigated. In brief, the toxicity of chlorogenic acid on BV2 cells was detected with MTT assay. The levels of the inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α were measured with ELISA, and the abundances of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF, and NF-κB were observed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results Chlorogenic acid did not exhibit obvious toxic and side effects on BV2 cells. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α were observably upregulated in BV2 cells after treating with LPS. Chlorogenic acid significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α. Moreover, the abundances of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF, and NF-κB were increased in LPS-induced BV2 cells, while chlorogenic acid could obviously reduce their expressions. Conclusion This study suggests that chlorogenic acid can improve the inflammatory stress of LPS-induced BV2 cell via interacting with the TLR4-mediated downstream pathway, which is a potential drug for neuroinflammation treatment.
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8
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Yu X, Wu T, Liao B, Du Z, Zhu P. Anticancer potential of corilagin on T24 and TSGH 8301 bladder cancer cells via the activation of apoptosis by the suppression of NF-κB-induced P13K/Akt signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1152-1159. [PMID: 35084093 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a primary source of malignancy-associated death, and the mortality rate is high due to its prevalence of metastasis. Corilagin (CLG), a bioactive constituent of numerous medicinal plants, exerts assorted pharmacological actions comprising anti-cancer, apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective. CLG possesses a substantial anti-tumor prospective and less noxiousness in normal cells in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms of CLG on BC cells are not studied well. The current research explored the molecular process intricate in the anticancer and anti-proliferative actions of CLG on the relocation of BC cells T24 and TSGH 8301. The cytotoxicity, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration of CLG on BC cells T24 and TSGH 8301 were evaluated by MTT assay, DAPI, Rh-123, cell adhesion, and cell migration assay. The results point out that CLG inhibits the viability, adhesion, movement, incursion, and inflammation, whereas persuades BC cells apoptosis in a concentration-dependent mode. Besides, CLG treated with T24 and TSGH-8301 cells subdue inflammatory and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. CLG is accomplished of impeding BC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis through the repression of the NF-κB mediated P13K/Akt signaling. Our findings offer a unique vision into the demonstration of the anti-cancer potential of CLG on BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhongbo Du
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Pingyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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9
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Hu X, Zeng Q, Xiao J, Qin S, Wang Y, Shan T, Hu D, Zhu Y, Liu K, Zheng K, Wang Y, Ren Z. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Microglia Gasdermin D-Dependent Pyroptosis Through Activating the NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:838808. [PMID: 35387080 PMCID: PMC8978634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.838808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a highly prevalent virus in humans and causes severe forms of inflammation, such as herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Pyroptosis is a new inflammatory cell death triggered by inflammasome and cysteine-requiring aspartate protease-1 (caspase-1) activation. Nonetheless, HSV-1 induces encephalitis, and cell death mechanisms are not understood. In this study, we confirmed for the first time that the DNA virus HSV-1 triggers Gasdermin D-dependent pyroptosis by activating NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in mouse microglia, leading to mature IL-1β production and active caspase-1 (p10) release. Inhibition of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation suppressed HSV-1-induced Gasdermin D-dependent pyroptosis. In addition, NLRP3 and IL-1β expression levels were significantly increased in the mouse model of herpes simplex encephalitis compared with normal mice without viral infection. Collectively, our data revealed that the activation of inflammasomes and GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis is the mechanism of HSV-1 inducing inflammation and provides treatment targets for viral inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongzhen Zeng
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shurong Qin
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianhao Shan
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Hu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yexuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaisheng Liu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedical Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangdong, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Wang J, Cheng Y, Ma Y, Wu R, Xu Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Lin Y. Cytokines and chemokines expression pattern in herpes simplex virus type-1 encephalitis. Neurosci Lett 2021; 763:136170. [PMID: 34391869 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To explore the differently expressed cytokines and chemokines to understand the pathways that lead to herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Mice in the experimental group were inoculated intracranially with HSV-1. A high-throughput cytokine chip assay was employed to assess the expression of cytokines/chemokines in the mice brain. GO, KEGG, and PPIs analyses were used to investigate the biological process (BP), pathways and interaction network of the differently expressed proteins (DEPs) in HSE. 13 DEPs and various proteins-related signal pathways were identified in HSE, including three new factors (IL-1α, MIP-1γ, and sTNF RI). The proteins were mainly implicated in leukocyte activation and chemotaxis. Additionally, the DEPs constituted a pivotal protein interaction network where IL-6 might be a mediator. 13 DEPs and a series of related signal pathways were associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for HSE. IL-6 might be a key mediator in the inflammatory responses to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Yueting Ma
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Rihong Wu
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Shuling Yang
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Yongxia Wang
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China.
| | - Yingzi Lin
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China.
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11
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Yang LJ, Chen RH, Hamdoun S, Coghi P, Ng JPL, Zhang DW, Guo X, Xia C, Law BYK, Wong VKW. Corilagin prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting RBD-ACE2 binding. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:153591. [PMID: 34029937 PMCID: PMC8098048 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease caused more than 100,000,000 people get infected and over 2,200,000 people being killed worldwide. However, the current developed vaccines or drugs may be not effective in preventing the pandemic of COVID-19 due to the mutations of coronavirus and the severe side effects of the newly developed vaccines. Chinese herbal medicines and their active components play important antiviral activities. Corilagin exhibited antiviral effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, whether it blocks the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 RBD and hACE2 has not been elucidated. PURPOSE To characterize an active compound, corilagin derived from Phyllanthus urinaria as potential SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors for its possible preventive application in daily anti-virus hygienic products. METHODS Computational docking coupled with bio-layer interferometry, BLI were adopted to screen more than 1800 natural compounds for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 spike-RBD inhibitors. Corilagin was confirmed to have a strong binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2-RBD or human ACE2 (hACE2) protein by the BLI, ELISA and immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of viral infection of corilagin was assessed by in vitro pseudovirus system. Finally, the toxicity of corilagin was examined by using MTT assay and maximal tolerated dose (MTD) studies in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Corilagin preferentially binds to a pocket that contains residues Cys 336 to Phe 374 of spike-RBD with a relatively low binding energy of -9.4 kcal/mol. BLI assay further confirmed that corilagin exhibits a relatively strong binding affinity to SARS-CoV-2-RBD and hACE2 protein. In addition, corilagin dose-dependently blocks SARS-CoV-2-RBD binding and abolishes the infectious property of RBD-pseudotyped lentivirus in hACE2 overexpressing HEK293 cells, which mimicked the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus in human host cells. Finally, in vivo studies revealed that up to 300 mg/kg/day of corilagin was safe in C57BL/6 mice. Our findings suggest that corilagin could be a safe and potential antiviral agent against the COVID-19 acting through the blockade of the fusion of SARS-CoV-2 spike-RBD to hACE2 receptors. CONCLUSION Corilagin could be considered as a safe and environmental friendly anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent for its potential preventive application in daily anti-virus hygienic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jun Yang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Rui Hong Chen
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Sami Hamdoun
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Paolo Coghi
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jerome P L Ng
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - David Wei Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, China.
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12
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Zhou X, Xiong J, Lu S, Luo L, Chen ZL, Yang F, Jin F, Wang Y, Ma Q, Luo YY, Wang YJ, Zhou JB, Liu P, Zhao L. Inhibitory Effect of Corilagin on miR-21-Regulated Hepatic Fibrosis Signaling Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 47:1541-1569. [PMID: 31752524 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Corilagin is a polyphenol that can be extracted from many medicinal plants and shows multiple pharmacological effects. We aimed to investigate the role of corilagin on miR-21-regulated hepatic fibrosis, especially miR-21-regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, in hepatic stellate LX2 cell line and Sprague-Dawley rats. The mRNA or protein levels of miR-21, Smad7, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), Smad2, Smad3, Smad2/3, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, p-Smad2/3, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in LX2 cells and liver tissues were determined. Furthermore, gain-of and loss-of function of miR-21 in miR-21-regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway were analyzed in LX2 cells. Liver tissues and serum were collected for pathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Corilagin treatment reduced mRNA or protein levels of miR-21, CTGF, α-SMA, TIMP-1, TGF-β1, COL1A1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and p-Smad2/3 both in vitro and in vivo. While corilagin increased mRNA and protein levels of Smad7 and MMP-9. After gain-of and loss-of function of miR-21, the downstream effectors of miR-21-regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in LX2 cells changed accordingly, and the changes were inhibited by corilagin. Simultaneously, administration of corilagin not only ameliorated pathological manifestation of liver fibrosis but also reduced levels of α-SMA and COL1A1 in liver tissues and TGF-β1, ALT levels in serum. Corilagin is able to potentially prevent liver fibrosis by blocking the miR-21-regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in LX2 cells and CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Shi Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Lin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University & Shangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuro-Oncology, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ma
- School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Bin Zhou
- School of Clinical Medical, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
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13
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Harikrishnan H, Jantan I, Alagan A, Haque MA. Modulation of cell signaling pathways by Phyllanthus amarus and its major constituents: potential role in the prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:1-18. [PMID: 31792765 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The causal and functional connection between inflammation and cancer has become a subject of much research interest. Modulation of cell signaling pathways, such as those involving mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and Wnt, and their outcomes play a fundamental role in inflammation and cancer. Activation of these cell signaling pathways can lead to various aspects of cancer-related inflammation. Hence, compounds able to modulate inflammation-related molecular targets are sought after in anticancer drug development programs. In recent years, plant extracts and their metabolites have been documented with potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer and inflammatory ailments. Plants possessing anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties due to their bioactive constituents have been reported to modulate the molecular and cellular pathways which are related to inflammation and cancer. In this review we focus on the flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin), lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and niranthin), tannins (corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid, gallic acid), and triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid) of Phyllanthus amarus, which exert various anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities via perturbation of the NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt signaling networks. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved may help future research to develop drug candidates for prevention and new treatment for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathy Harikrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Akilandeshwari Alagan
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 048, India
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
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14
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Wang Y, Jia J, Wang Y, Li F, Song X, Qin S, Wang Z, Kitazato K, Wang Y. Roles of HSV-1 infection-induced microglial immune responses in CNS diseases: friends or foes? Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:581-594. [PMID: 31512533 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1660615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, as brain-resident macrophages, are the first line of defense against brain invading pathogens. Further, their dysfunction has been recognized to be closely associated with mounting CNS diseases. Of note, chronic HSV-1 infection leads to the persistent activation of microglia, which elicit a comprehensive response by generating certain factors with neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects. CNS infection with HSV-1 results in herpes simplex encephalitis and herpes simplex keratitis. Microglial immune response plays a crucial role in the development of these diseases. Moreover, HSV-1 infection is strongly associated with several CNS diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. These CNS diseases can be effectively ameliorated by eliciting an appropriate immune response, such as inhibition of microglial proliferation and activation. Therefore, it is crucial to reassess the positive and negative roles of microglia in HSV-1 CNS infection for a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the relationship between microglia and CNS diseases. Hence, the present review focuses on the dual roles of microglia in mediating HSV-1 CNS infection, as well as on the strategy of targeting microglia to ameliorate CNS diseases. Further research in this field can help comprehensively elucidate the dual role of the microglial immune response in HSV-1 CNS infection, providing a theoretical basis for identifying therapeutic targets against overactive microglia in CNS diseases and HSV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoyan Jia
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shurong Qin
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaio Kitazato
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Gaudreault R, Mousseau N. Mitigating Alzheimer’s Disease with Natural Polyphenols: A Review. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:529-543. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190315093520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:According to Alzheimer’s Disease International (ADI), nearly 50 million people worldwide were living with dementia in 2017, and this number is expected to triple by 2050. Despite years of research in this field, the root cause and mechanisms responsible for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have not been fully elucidated yet. Moreover, promising preclinical results have repeatedly failed to translate into patient treatments. Until now, none of the molecules targeting AD has successfully passed the Phase III trial. Although natural molecules have been extensively studied, they normally require high concentrations to be effective; alternately, they are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).:In this review, we report AD treatment strategies, with a virtually exclusive focus on green chemistry (natural phenolic molecules). These include therapeutic strategies for decreasing amyloid-β (Aβ) production, preventing and/or altering Aβ aggregation, and reducing oligomers cytotoxicity such as curcumin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), morin, resveratrol, tannic acid, and other natural green molecules. We also examine whether consideration should be given to potential candidates used outside of medicine and nutrition, through a discussion of two intermediate-sized green molecules, with very similar molecular structures and key properties, which exhibit potential in mitigating Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gaudreault
- Department of Physics, Universit�© de Montr�©al, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal (QC), Canada
| | - Normand Mousseau
- Department of Physics, Universit�© de Montr�©al, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal (QC), Canada
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16
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Li LJ, Zhang SJ, Liu P, Wang YQ, Chen ZL, Wang YJ, Zhou JB, Guo YJ, Zhao L. Corilagin Interferes With Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Response in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:83. [PMID: 31080403 PMCID: PMC6497770 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is the most common infectious disease of the central nervous system worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of HSE is not clear. Research has shown that the immune response mediated by the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) signaling pathway is essential to protect the central nervous system against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. However, an excessive immune response may cause tissue damage accompanied by pathological changes. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism via which corilagin controls HSE through the TLR3 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Cells and mice were pre-treated with polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] or HSV type 1, and then treated with corilagin. After treatment, the mRNA and protein levels of TLR3, TLR-like receptor-associated interferon factor (TRIF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein (TRADD), TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 3 and 6, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) essential modulator (NEMO), P38, and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) were decreased. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, and type 1 interferon-β were also decreased. When TLR3 expression was silenced or increased, corilagin still inhibited the expression of TLR3 and its downstream mediators. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical examinations of mouse brain tissues revealed that corilagin lessened the degree of brain inflammation. Altogether, these results suggest that corilagin may regulate the immune response in HSE and relieve inflammatory injury by interfering with the TLR3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Jun Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - You-Qin Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, The Postgraduate Training Center of Jinzhou Medical University, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Bin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and Shangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuro-Oncology, Jining, China
| | - Yuan-Jin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Nandini HS, Naik PR. Action of corilagin on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 299:186-193. [PMID: 30582900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the world's most common endocrine disease involving metabolic disorders of carbohydrate, protein and fat. This study was undertaken to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of corilagin, a member of polyphenolic tannins used against hyperglycemia and many other diseases in well-known animal models. Diabetes was induced chemically by intraperitoneal administration of Streptozotocin (40 mg/kg bw) to albino Wistar rats. Diabetic rats showed significant increase in the levels of fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and a significant decrease in the level of body weight, plasma insulin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, antioxidant activities, viz. superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione when compared to controls. However, after 30 days of oral administration of corilagin (10 and 20 mg/kg bw/day) to these diabetic rats evoked significant alterations in the above mentioned parameters. The effect of corilagin was compared with the standard drug, glibenclamide (0.1 mg/kg body weight/day). Thus, the present study suggests that the corilagin acts as a natural, effective therapeutic agent to regulate diabetes, by exhibiting antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties in STZ induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Nandini
- Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka (S), India.
| | - Prakash Ramachandra Naik
- Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka (S), India
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18
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Li X, Deng Y, Zheng Z, Huang W, Chen L, Tong Q, Ming Y. Corilagin, a promising medicinal herbal agent. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.030 pmid: 29324311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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19
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Reddy BU, Mullick R, Kumar A, Sharma G, Bag P, Roy CL, Sudha G, Tandon H, Dave P, Shukla A, Srinivasan P, Nandhitha M, Srinivasan N, Das S. A natural small molecule inhibitor corilagin blocks HCV replication and modulates oxidative stress to reduce liver damage. Antiviral Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.004 pmid: 29224736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Yang F, Wang Y, Li G, Xue J, Chen ZL, Jin F, Luo L, Zhou X, Ma Q, Cai X, Li HR, Zhao L. Effects of corilagin on alleviating cholestasis via farnesoid X receptor-associated pathways in vitro and in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:810-829. [PMID: 29235094 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of corilagin on intrahepatic cholestasis induced by regulating liver farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-associated pathways in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cellular and animal models were treated with different concentrations of corilagin. In the cellular experiments, FXR expression was up-regulated by either lentiviral transduction or GW4064 treatment and down-regulated by either siRNA technology or treatment with guggulsterones. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the mRNA and protein levels of FXR, SHP1, SHP2, UGT2B4, BSEP, CYP7A1, CYP7B1, NTCP, MRP2 and SULT2A1. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of BSEP in liver tissues. Rat liver function and pathological changes in hepatic tissue were assessed using biochemical tests and haematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS Corilagin increased the mRNA and protein levels of FXR, SHP1, SHP2, UGT2B4, BSEP, MRP2 and SULT2A1, and decreased those of CYP7A1, CYP7B1 and NTCP. After either up- or down-regulating FXR using different methods, corilagin could still increase the mRNA and protein levels of FXR, SHP1, SHP2, UGT2B4, BSEP, MRP2 and SULT2A1 and decrease the protein levels of CYP7A1, CYP7B1 and NTCP, especially when administered at a high concentration. Corilagin also exerted a notable effect on the pathological manifestations of intrahepatic cholestasis, BSEP staining in liver tissues and liver function. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Corilagin exerts a protective effect in hepatocytes and can prevent the deleterious activities of intrahepatic cholestasis by stimulating FXR-associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Province Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and Shangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuro-oncology, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Ma
- School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and Shangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuro-oncology, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hua-Rong Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li X, Deng Y, Zheng Z, Huang W, Chen L, Tong Q, Ming Y. Corilagin, a promising medicinal herbal agent. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:43-50. [PMID: 29324311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Corilagin, a gallotannin, is one of the major active components of many ethnopharmacological plants. It was isolated from Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. (dividivi) by Schmidt in 1951 for the first time. In the past few decades, corilagin was reported to exhibit anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities, etc. However, little attention was paid to its pharmacological properties due to the complicated and inefficient extract method. In recent years, with the development of extraction technology corilagin was much easier to obtain than before. Thus, people return to pay attention to its anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities, particularly as an anti-tumor agent candidate. Our research team had focused on the distribution, preparation and anti-tumor activity of corilagin since 2005. We found corilagin showed good anti-tumor activity on hepatocellular carcinoma and ovarian cancer. What's more, corilagin showed a low level of toxicity toward normal cells and tissues. Due to the extensive attention that corilagin has received, we present a systematic review of the pharmacological effects of corilagin. In this review, we summarized all the pharmacological effects of corilagin with a focus on the molecular mechanism of anti-tumor activity and show you how corilagin affected the signaling pathways of tumor cells as well as its physicochemical properties, distribution and preparation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Institute of Chemical Engnieering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Institute of Chemical Engnieering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Zhizhong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Qingxuan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Institute of Chemical Engnieering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China.
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Reddy BU, Mullick R, Kumar A, Sharma G, Bag P, Roy CL, Sudha G, Tandon H, Dave P, Shukla A, Srinivasan P, Nandhitha M, Srinivasan N, Das S. A natural small molecule inhibitor corilagin blocks HCV replication and modulates oxidative stress to reduce liver damage. Antiviral Res 2017; 150:47-59. [PMID: 29224736 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes chronic liver disease, which often leads to hepatocellular carcinoma. Earlier, we have demonstrated anti-HCV property of the methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus, an age-old folk-medicine against viral hepatitis. Here, we report identification of a principal bioactive component 'corilagin', which showed significant inhibition of the HCV key enzymes, NS3 protease and NS5B RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. This pure compound could effectively inhibit viral replication in the infectious cell culture system, displayed strong antioxidant activity by blocking HCV induced generation of reactive oxygen species and suppressed up-regulation of NOX4 and TGF-β mRNA levels. Oral administration of corilagin in BALB/c mice demonstrated its better tolerability and systemic bioavailability. More importantly, corilagin could restrict serum HCV RNA levels, decrease collagen deposition and hepatic cell denaturation in HCV infected chimeric mice harbouring human hepatocytes. Taken together, results provide a basis towards developing a pure natural drug as an alternate therapeutic strategy for restricting viral replication and prevent liver damage towards better management of HCV induced pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Uma Reddy
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ranajoy Mullick
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Geetika Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Paromita Bag
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Chaitrali Laha Roy
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Govindarajan Sudha
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Himani Tandon
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Pratik Dave
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ashutosh Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Priyanka Srinivasan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Madhusudhan Nandhitha
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | | | - Saumitra Das
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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Phenylpropionamides, Piperidine, and Phenolic Derivatives from the Fruit of Ailanthus altissima. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122107. [PMID: 29207525 PMCID: PMC6149757 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four novel compounds—two phenylpropionamides, one piperidine, and one phenolic derivatives—were isolated and identified from the fruit of a medicinal plant, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), together with one known phenylpropionamide, 13 known phenols, and 10 flavonoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2-hydroxy-N-[(2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]propionamide (1), 2-hydroxy-N-[(2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]propionamide (2), 2β-carboxyl-piperidine-4β-acetic acid methyl ester (4), and 4-hydroxyphenyl-1-O-[6-(hydrogen-3-hydroxy-3-methylpentanedioate)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (5) based on spectroscopic analysis. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) using the leaf-disc method. Among the compounds isolated, arbutin (6), β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-arbutin (7), 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (10), and corilagin (18) showed moderate inhibition against TMV with IC50 values of 0.49, 0.51, 0.27, and 0.45 mM, respectively.
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Li YQ, Chen YF, Dang YP, Wang Y, Shang ZZ, Ma Q, Wang YJ, Zhang J, Luo L, Li QQ, Zhao L. Corilagin Counteracts IL-13Rα1 Signaling Pathway in Macrophages to Mitigate Schistosome Egg-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:443. [PMID: 29094025 PMCID: PMC5651236 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway and M2 macrophages play crucial roles in schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of action of corilagin on schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via the IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway in M2 macrophages in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA and protein expression of IL-13Rα1, PPARγ, KLF4, SOCS1, STAT6, p-STAT6, and TGF-β was measured in vitro with corilagin treatment after IL-13 stimulation and in vivo corilagin treatment after effectively killing the adult schistosomes in schistosome-infected mice. Histological analysis of liver tissue was assessed for the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The results revealed that corilagin significantly reduced the expression of PPARγ, KLF4, SOCS1, p-STAT6, and TGF-β compared with model group and praziquantel administration (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) in vivo and in vitro, which indicated a strong inhibitory effect of corilagin on IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway. As well, the inhibitory effect of corilagin showed a significant dose-dependence (p < 0.05). The area of fibrosis and distribution of M2 macrophages in mouse liver tissue were reduced significantly and dose-dependently with corilagin treatment compared to model group or praziquantel administration (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), indicating that corilagin suppressed IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway and M2 macrophage polarization effectively in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-fibrogenic effect persisted even when IL-13Rα1 was up- or down-regulated in vitro. In conclusion, corilagin can suppress schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization in the IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qing Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Ping Dang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Shang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Qian Ma
- School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan-Qiang Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li HR, Liu J, Zhang SL, Luo T, Wu F, Dong JH, Guo YJ, Zhao L. Corilagin ameliorates the extreme inflammatory status in sepsis through TLR4 signaling pathways. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:18. [PMID: 28056977 PMCID: PMC5217594 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Sepsis is one of the serious disorders in clinical practice. Recent studies found toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) played an important role in sepsis. In this study, we tried to find the influence of Corilagin on TLR4 signal pathways in vitro and in vivo. Methods The cellular and animal models of sepsis were established by LPS and then interfered with Corilagin. Real-time PCR and western blot were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF6. ELISA was used to determine the IL-6 and IL-1β levels in supernatant and serum. Results The survival rate was improved in the LPS + Corilagin group, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF and TRAF6 were significantly decreased than that in the LPS group both in cellular and animal models (P < 0.01). The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β were greatly decreased in the LPS + Corilagin group both in supernatant and serum (P < 0.01). Conclusions Corilagin exerts the anti-inflammatory effects by down-regulating the TLR4 signaling molecules to ameliorate the extreme inflammatory status in sepsis.
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Mechanism of Corilagin interference with IL-13/STAT6 signaling pathways in hepatic alternative activation macrophages in schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in mouse model. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 793:119-126. [PMID: 27845069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study tried to find the mechanism of Corilagin interference with interleukin (IL)-13/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 signaling pathways in IL-13-activated liver alternative activation macrophages in schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in Balb/c mice. As a result, IL-13 in serum and the mRNA expression of IL-13 Receptor α1, IL-4 Receptor α and downstream mediators supressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1, Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 4, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ in the liver tissue were significantly inhibited by Corilagin (P<0.05 or 0.01). The protein expression of IL-13 Receptor α1, IL-4 Receptor α, SOCS1, KLF4, PPARγ, PPARδ and Phospho-STAT6 (P-STAT6) in Corilagin group were also markedly suppressed when compared with the model group (P<0.05 or 0.01). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect was enhanced when the concentration of Corilagin increased (P<0.05). By hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, when compared with the model group, the Corilagin group showed smaller granulomas (P<0.05 or 0.01). The area of positive cells and integrated optical density (IOD) of CD68, CD206 and KLF4 was significantly decreased by Corilagin stained by IHC (P<0.05 or 0.01). In conclusion, Corilagin had potential to relieve hepatic fibrosis caused by egg granuloma in Schistosoma japonicum infection by decreasing the expression of molecules associated with IL-13/STAT6 signaling pathway in liver alternative activation macrophages.
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Youn K, Lee S, Jeong WS, Ho CT, Jun M. Protective Role of Corilagin on Aβ 25-35-Induced Neurotoxicity: Suppression of NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Med Food 2016; 19:901-911. [PMID: 27654707 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation and deposition of beta-amyloid peptides (Aβ), a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, has been recognized as a potent activator of neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction. In this study, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the neuroprotective effects of corilagin against Aβ25-35-triggered neurotoxicity and inflammatory responses were investigated in PC12 cells. Pretreatment with corilagin effectively protected PC12 cells against Aβ25-35-induced damage and apoptosis. Aβ25-35 induced damage in PC12 cells as revealed by increased production of reactive oxygen species, caspase-3 activity, and cell cycle arrest was attenuated by corilagin pretreatment. Corilagin not only significantly suppressed the production of neurotoxic inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 but also downregulated cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in PC12 cells. It also exerted a beneficial effect by suppressing the degradation of inhibitor of κB (IκB)-α and subsequent activation of transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mostly through inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity in comparison to c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAP kinase (p38) mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. These findings suggest that attenuation of Aβ25-35-induced inflammatory responses by downregulating the NF-κB signaling pathway might be a valuable strategy for both Alzheimer's disease prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumju Youn
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University , Busan, Korea
| | - Seonah Lee
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University , Busan, Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- 2 Department of Food and Life Science, College of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inje University , Gimhae, Korea
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- 3 Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mira Jun
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University , Busan, Korea.,4 Institute of Convergence Bio-Health (ICBH), Dong-A University , Busan, Korea
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Yang F, Wang Y, Xue J, Ma Q, Zhang J, Chen YF, Shang ZZ, Li QQ, Zhang SL, Zhao L. Effect of Corilagin on the miR-21/smad7/ERK signaling pathway in a schistosomiasis-induced hepatic fibrosis mouse model. Parasitol Int 2016; 65:308-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Corilagin ameliorates schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis through regulating IL-13 associated signal pathway in vitro and in vivo. Parasitology 2016; 143:1629-38. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016001128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYInterleukin (IL)-13-associated signal pathway plays an important role in schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis. In this study we tried to investigate the effects of corilagin to ameliorate schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis through regulating IL-13-associated signal pathway in vitro and in vivo. Cellular model was set up with hepatic stellate cells-T6 cells stimulated by rIL-13 and male Balb/c mice were infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariaeas as animal model. Liver histological changes were observed with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Masson staining was employed to observe the change of egg granulomas. Expression of Col (collagen) and Col III were examined with Immunohistochemistry. Western bolt was employed to detect the JAK-1 and IL13Rα1 proteins. The mRNA expression of Col I, Col III, IL-13, JAK-1 and IL13Rα1 were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. As a result, less inflammatory changes were found in all corilagin groups compared with model group and praziquantel group. The mRNA levels of Col I, Col III, IL-13, JAK-1 and IL13Rα1 were significantly decreased after corilagin intervention (P < 0·01). JAK-1 and IL-13Rα1 protein levels were also greatly decreased in the corilagin groups (P < 0·01). In conclusion, corilagin could ameliorate schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis by down-regulating the expression of IL-13 and signal molecules in IL-13 pathway.
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Zheng B, Chen D, Yang X, Igo LP, Li Z, Ye X, Xiang Z. Development and validation of an UPLC-PDA method for the determination of corilagin in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1031:76-79. [PMID: 27459126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Corilagin, which was isolated from several medical herbs, has been reported to exert many pharmacological activities. A simple and rapid liquid ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to photodiode array (PDA) method has been developed to quantify corilagin in rat plasma. In this study, plasma samples were prepared by ethyl acetate extraction. Separation was performed on a HSS T3 (100mm×2.1mm, 1.8μm) column by using a mobile phase of acetonitrile and water with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (v/v). Corilagin and internal standard epicatechin were detected at a wavelength of 266nm. The calibration curve was linear (r>0.998) over a concentration range of 0.2μg/mL to 20μg/mL with a lower quantification limit of 0.2μg/mL. Both intra and inter-day precision values were within 5.7% and extraction recovery were greater than 81.0%. Stability tests showed that corilagin and IS remained stable during the analytical procedure. The validated UPLC-PDA method was then used to analyze the pharmacokinetics of corilagin administered to rats intravenously (10mg/kg) or orally (50mg/kg). Oral bioavailability of corilagin was calculated to be 10.7%, indicating that this component is not suitable for oral administration. The results provide basis for further preclinical studies on corilagin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjing Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dahui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiangxiang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Longo Phemba Igo
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhengxue Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoxia Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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An effective β-cyclodextrin polyurethane spherical adsorbent for the chromatographic enrichment of corilagin from Phyllanthus niruri L. extract. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Involvement of TLR2 and TLR9 in the anti-inflammatory effects of chlorogenic acid in HSV-1-infected microglia. Life Sci 2015; 127:12-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Muresan XM, Cervellati F, Sticozzi C, Belmonte G, Chui CH, Lampronti I, Borgatti M, Gambari R, Valacchi G. The loss of cellular junctions in epithelial lung cells induced by cigarette smoke is attenuated by corilagin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:631758. [PMID: 25802682 PMCID: PMC4354730 DOI: 10.1155/2015/631758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) contains over 4700 compounds, many of which can affect cellular redox balance through free radicals production or through the modulation of antioxidant enzymes. The respiratory tract is one of the organs directly exposed to CS and it is known that CS can damage the integrity of lung epithelium by affecting cell junctions and increasing epithelium permeability. In this study, we have used a human lung epithelial cell line, Calu-3, to evaluate the effect of CS on lung epithelial cell junctions levels, with special focus on the expression of two proteins involved in intercellular communication: connexins (Cx) 40 and 43. CS exposure increased Cx40 gene expression but not of Cx43. CS also induced NFκB activation and the formation of 4HNE-Cxs adducts. Since corilagin, a natural polyphenol, is able to inhibit NFκB activation, we have determined whether corilagin could counteract the effect of CS on Cxs expression. Corilagin was able to diminish CS induced Cx40 gene expression, 4HNE-Cx40 adducts formation, and NFκB activation. The results of this study demonstrated that CS induced the loss of cellular junctions in lung epithelium, possibly as a consequence of Cx-4HNE adducts formation, and corilagin seems to be able to abolish these CS induced alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena M. Muresan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudia Sticozzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chung Hin Chui
- Clinical Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Animal models of herpes simplex virus immunity and pathogenesis. J Neurovirol 2014; 21:8-23. [PMID: 25388226 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-014-0302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex viruses are ubiquitous human pathogens represented by two distinct serotypes: herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1); and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). In the general population, adult seropositivity rates approach 90% for HSV-1 and 20-25% for HSV-2. These viruses cause significant morbidity, primarily as mucosal membrane lesions in the form of facial cold sores and genital ulcers, with much less common but more severe manifestations causing death from encephalitis. HSV infections in humans are difficult to study in many cases because many primary infections are asymptomatic. Moreover, the neurotropic properties of HSV make it much more difficult to study the immune mechanisms controlling reactivation of latent infection within the corresponding sensory ganglia and crossover into the central nervous system of infected humans. This is because samples from the nervous system can only be routinely obtained at the time of autopsy. Thus, animal models have been developed whose use has led to a better understanding of multiple aspects of HSV biology, molecular biology, pathogenesis, disease, and immunity. The course of HSV infection in a spectrum of animal models depends on important experimental parameters including animal species, age, and genotype; route of infection; and viral serotype, strain, and dose. This review summarizes the animal models most commonly used to study HSV pathogenesis and its establishment, maintenance, and reactivation from latency. It focuses particularly on the immune response to HSV during acute primary infection and the initial invasion of the ganglion with comparisons to the events governing maintenance of viral latency.
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Corilagin Protects Against HSV1 Encephalitis Through Inhibiting the TLR2 Signaling Pathways In Vivo and In Vitro. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1547-1560. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang Z, Guo QY, Zhang XJ, Li X, Li WT, Ma XT, Ma LJ. Corilagin attenuates aerosol bleomycin-induced experimental lung injury. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9762-79. [PMID: 24886817 PMCID: PMC4100119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15069762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressing lethal disease with few clinically effective therapies. Corilagin is a tannin derivative which shows anti-inflammatory and antifibrotics properties and is potentiated in treating IPF. Here, we investigated the effect of corilagin on lung injury following bleomycin exposure in an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis. Corilagin abrogated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis as assessed by H&E; Masson's trichrome staining and lung hydroxyproline content in lung tissue. Corilagin reduced the number of apoptotic lung cells and prevented lung epithelial cells from membrane breakdown, effluence of lamellar bodies and thickening of the respiratory membrane. Bleomycin exposure induced expression of MDA, IKKα, phosphorylated IKKα (p-IKKα), NF-κB P65, TNF-α and IL-1β, and reduced I-κB expression in mice lung tissue or in BALF. These changes were reversed by high-dose corilagin (100 mg/kg i.p) more dramatically than by low dose (10 mg/kg i.p). Last, corilagin inhibits TGF-β1 production and α-SMA expression in lung tissue samples. Taken together, these findings confirmed that corilagin attenuates bleomycin-induced epithelial injury and fibrosis via inactivation of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokine release and NF-κB and TGF-β1 signaling. Corilagin may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Qiong-Ya Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Xiao-Ju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Xi-Tao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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Antiviral effects of Phyllanthus urinaria containing corilagin against human enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:193-202. [PMID: 24752860 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) especially in infants and children under 5 years of age. Despite recent outbreaks of HFMD, there are no approved therapeutics against EV71 and CA16 infection. Moreover, in a small percentage of cases, the disease progression can lead to serious complications of the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of corilagin and Phyllanthus urinaria extract, which contains corilagin as a major component, on EV71 and CA16 infection in vitro. Our results indicate that corilagin reduces the cytotoxicity induced by EV71 or CA16 on Vero cells with and IC50 value of 5.6 and 32.33 μg/mL, respectively. We confirmed the presence of corilagin in EtOAc and BuOH fractions from P. urinaria extract and this correlated with antiviral activity of the fractions against EV71 or CA16. Future studies will be required to confirm the antiviral activity of corilagin and P. urinaria extract in vivo. Challenging a model with a lethal dose of viral infection will be required to test this. Collectively, our work provides potential candidates for the development of novel drugs to treat HFMD.
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Ming Y, Zheng Z, Chen L, Zheng G, Liu S, Yu Y, Tong Q. Corilagin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by inducing G2/M phase arrest. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:1046-54. [PMID: 23686743 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of most common types of malignant tumours. Therefore, it is very important to identify powerful drugs and their antitumour mechanisms. Corilagin has a significant antitumour potential and lower toxicity in normal cells in vitro. The IC50 values of corilagin for normal Chang-liver cells and the HCC cell lines Bel7402 and SMMC7721 were 131.4, 24.5 and 23.4 µM, respectively, in the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. MHCC97-H xenografts in Balb/c mice intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg corilagin for 5 weeks showed a 47.3% inhibition of tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, data from flow cytometry and Western blot analyses of cell cycle and cell cycle-related proteins suggest that corilagin arrests SMMC7721 cells at the G2/M phase by downregulating p-Akt and cyclin B1/cdc2 and upregulating p-p53 and p21(Cip1) . In conclusion, corilagin is a potential antitumour drug that is effective in retarding the growth of HCC, which is correlated with the activation of p-p53-p21(Cip1) -cdc2/cyclin B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Ming
- The Research and Development Center for Medicinal Plants and Plant Drugs, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Gusheng Road 4#, Xiamen, 361002, Fujian Province, China.
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Keim AP, Slis JR, Mendez U, Stroup EM, Burmeister Y, Tsolaki N, Gailing O, Goldman J. The multicomponent medication lymphomyosot improves the outcome of experimental lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol 2013; 11:81-92. [PMID: 23725444 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2012.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary lymphedema is a life-long disease of painful tissue swelling that often follows axillary lymph node dissection to treat breast cancer. It is hypothesized that poor lymphatic regeneration across the obstructive scar tissue during the wound healing process may predispose the tissue to swell at a later date. Treatment for lymphedema remains suboptimal and is in most cases palliative. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of Lymphomyosot to treat tissue swelling and promote lymphangiogenesis in experimental models of murine lymphedema. METHODS Experimental models of mouse lymphedema were injected with varied amounts of Lymphomyosot and saline as control. Measurements of tail swelling and wound closure were taken and compared amongst the groups. Three separate groups of mice were analyzed for lymphatic capillary migration, lymphatic vessel regeneration, and macrophage recruitment. RESULTS Lymphomyosot significantly reduced swelling and increased the rate of surgical wound closure. Lymphomyosot did not increase the migration of lymph capillaries in a mouse tail skin regeneration model or regeneration of lymph vessels following murine axillary lymph node dissection. CONCLUSIONS Lymphomyosot may act through inflammatory and wound repair pathways to reduce experimental lymphedema. Its ability to regulate inflammation as well as assist in tissue repair and extracellular formation may allow for the production of a scar-free matrix bridge through which migrating cells and accumulated interstitial fluid can freely spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P Keim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
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Jin F, Cheng D, Tao JY, Zhang SL, Pang R, Guo YJ, Ye P, Dong JH, Zhao L. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of corilagin in a rat model of acute cholestasis. BMC Gastroenterol 2013; 13:79. [PMID: 23641818 PMCID: PMC3655894 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-13-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, treatments for cholestasis remain largely nonspecific and often ineffective. Recent studies showed that inflammatory injuries and oxidative stress occur in the liver with cholestasis. In this study, we would use corilagin to treat the animal model of acute cholestasis in order to define the activity to interfere with inflammation-related and oxidative stress pathway in cholestatic pathogenesis. Methods Rats were administrated with alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate to establish model of cholestasis and divided into corilagin, ursodeoxycholic acid, dexamethasone, model and normal groups with treatment of related agent. At 24h, 48h and 72h time points after administration, living condition, serum markers of liver damage, pathological changes of hepatic tissue, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) were examined and observed. Results Compared to model group, corilagin had remarkable effect on living condition, pathological manifestation of liver tissue, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, (P<0.01), but no effect on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). With corilagin intervention, levels of MPO, MDA and translocation of NF-κB were notably decreased, and levels of SOD and NO were markedly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions It is shown that corilagin is a potential component to relieve cholestasis through inflammation-related and oxidation-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Laboratory, Affiliated Hospitalof Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272029, PR China
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Wang Q, Kuang H, Su Y, Sun Y, Feng J, Guo R, Chan K. Naturally derived anti-inflammatory compounds from Chinese medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:9-39. [PMID: 23274744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Though inflammatory response is beneficial to body damage repair, if it is out of control, it can produce adverse effects on the body. Although purely western anti-inflammatory drugs, orthodox medicines, can control inflammation occurrence and development, it is not enough. The clinical efficacy of anti-inflammation therapies is unsatisfactory, thus the search for new anti-inflammation continues. Chinese Material Medica (CMM) remains a promising source of new therapeutic agents. CMM and herbal formulae from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), unorthodox medicines, play an improtant anti-inflammatory role in multi-targets, multi-levels, and multi-ways in treating inflammation diseases in a long history in China, based on their multi-active ingredient characteristics. Due to these reasons, recently, CMM has been commercialized as an anti-inflammation agent which has become increasingly popular in the world health drug markets. Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with CMM in anti-inflammtion aspect. Therefore, a systematic introduction of CMM anti-inflammatory research progress is of great importance and necessity. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper strives to describe the progress of CMM in the treatment of inflammatory diseases from different aspects, and provide the essential theoretical support and scientific evidence for the further development and utilization of CMM resources as a potential anti-inflammation drug through a variety of databases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Literature survey was performed via electronic search (SciFinder®, Pubmed®, Google Scholar and Web of Science) on papers and patents and by systematic research in ethnopharmacological literature at various university libraries. RESULTS This review mainly introduced the current research on the anti-inflammatory active ingredient, anti-inflammatory effects of CMM, their mechanism, anti-inflammatory drug development of CMM, and toxicological information. CONCLUSION CMM is used clinically to treat inflammation symptoms in TCM, and its effect is mediated by multiple targets through multiple active ingredients. Although scholars around the world have made studies on the anti-inflammatory studies of CMM from different pathways and aspects and have made substantial progress, further studies are warranted to delineate the inflammation actions in more cogency models, establish the toxicological profiles and quality standards, assess the potentials of CMM in clinical applications, and make more convenient preparations easy to administrate for patients. Development of the clinically anti-inflammatory drugs are also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Kosmac K, Bantug GR, Pugel EP, Cekinovic D, Jonjic S, Britt WJ. Glucocorticoid treatment of MCMV infected newborn mice attenuates CNS inflammation and limits deficits in cerebellar development. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003200. [PMID: 23505367 PMCID: PMC3591306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection of the developing fetus with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of central nervous system disease in infants and children; however, mechanism(s) of disease associated with this intrauterine infection remain poorly understood. Utilizing a mouse model of HCMV infection of the developing CNS, we have shown that peripheral inoculation of newborn mice with murine CMV (MCMV) results in CNS infection and developmental abnormalities that recapitulate key features of the human infection. In this model, animals exhibit decreased granule neuron precursor cell (GNPC) proliferation and altered morphogenesis of the cerebellar cortex. Deficits in cerebellar cortical development are symmetric and global even though infection of the CNS results in a non-necrotizing encephalitis characterized by widely scattered foci of virus-infected cells with mononuclear cell infiltrates. These findings suggested that inflammation induced by MCMV infection could underlie deficits in CNS development. We investigated the contribution of host inflammatory responses to abnormal cerebellar development by modulating inflammatory responses in infected mice with glucocorticoids. Treatment of infected animals with glucocorticoids decreased activation of CNS mononuclear cells and expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-β and IFNγ) in the CNS while minimally impacting CNS virus replication. Glucocorticoid treatment also limited morphogenic abnormalities and normalized the expression of developmentally regulated genes within the cerebellum. Importantly, GNPC proliferation deficits were normalized in MCMV infected mice following glucocorticoid treatment. Our findings argue that host inflammatory responses to MCMV infection contribute to deficits in CNS development in MCMV infected mice and suggest that similar mechanisms of disease could be responsible for the abnormal CNS development in human infants infected in-utero with HCMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Kosmac
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
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Zhou YP, Zhang SL, Cheng D, Li HR, Tang ZM, Xue J, Cai W, Dong JH, Zhao L. Preliminary Exploration on Anti-Fibrosis Effect of Kaempferol in Mice with Schistosoma Japonicum Infection. EUR J INFLAMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is to explore the effectiveness and mechanism of kaempferol on treatment of hepatic fibrosis induced by schistosoma egg. Thirty-six healthy male balb/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, including negative group, positive group, and 4 different dosages of kaempferol treatment groups. Each mouse was infected with 20 schistosoma Cercariae japonicum, except the ones in the negative group. Four weeks later, every infected mouse was administrated with 500mg/kg/day praziquantel for 2 days, and all kaempferol groups were followed by a 4-week administration of kaempferol with 5, 10, 15 and 20mg/kg/day respectively, while both control groups were administrated with normal saline. AH the mice were sacrificed on the 59th day after infection. The liver tissues were taken for Masson staining to detect collagen and real-time quantitative PCR to detect the mRNA expression of IL-13, collagen 1 and MMP-2. As a result, Masson stain showed that the optical density of the interested region in the positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group (P<0.01), and the optical density in all kaempferol groups was significantly lower than that in the positive group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Real-time PCR showed that the mRNA expression of IL-13 in the positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group (P<0.01), and the expression of IL-13 in the 20mg/kg and 15mg/kg kaempferol groups was significantly lower than that in the positive group, respectively (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of collagen 1 in the positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group (P<0.01), and mRNA expression of collagen 1 in the 20mg/kg kaempferol group was significantly lower than that in the positive group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the positive and negative groups on mRNA expression of MMP-2. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 in all kaempferol groups was significantly higher than that in the positive group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In conclusion, kaempferol can ameliorate schistosoma egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via regulating the IL-13 signal pathway. Kaempferol is very likely to be an IL-13 targeted anti-fibrosis medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-P. Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - S-L. Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - D. Cheng
- Liver Disease Center, Department of Infectious Disease, Second Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - H-R. Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Z-M. Tang
- Department of Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - J. Xue
- Tumor Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - W. Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - J-H. Dong
- Central Lab, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - L. Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
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Huang YF, Zhang SL, Jin F, Cheng D, Zhou YP, Li HR, Tang ZM, Xue J, Cai W, Dong JH, Zhao L. Activity of Corilagin on Post-Parasiticide Liver Fibrosis in Schistosomiasis Animal Model. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 26:85-92. [PMID: 23527711 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects and possible molecular mechanisms of corilagin extraction on prevention of Schistosoma japonicum ova-induced granulomas and liver fibrosis. As a result, under a light microscope, when compared to a model group, the corilagin group showed smaller granulomas, less liver cell denaturation and less inflammatory cell infiltration, and the connective tissues were significantly decreased. By Masson staining, the liver sections from the corilagin group showed less collagen distributed around granulomas, decreased liver fibrosis in the portal tracts and less formed interlobular tissue. The expression of hydroxyproline, IL-13 in liver and GATA3 in spleen in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05 or 0.01), while the level of hydroxyproline, IL-13 and GATA3 in the corilagin group were significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0.05). In conclusion, corilagin extraction can decrease the level of Th2-associated profibrotic cytokine IL-13, and down-regulate the transcription of GATA3 mRNA in spleen cells, which alleviate the hepatic fibrosis caused by egg granuloma in Schistosoma japonicum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.-F. Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
- The No. 3 Department of Medicine, Hubei Provincial Crops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Wuhan, PR China
| | - S.-L. Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - F. Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, PR China
| | - D. Cheng
- Liver Disease Center, Department of Infectious Disease, Second Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Y.-P. Zhou
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - H.-R. Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Z.-M. Tang
- Department of Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - J. Xue
- Tumor Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - W. Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - J.-H. Dong
- Central Lab, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - L. Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
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Liu D, Ma Y, Gu M, Janson JC, Wang C, Xiao H. Liquid-liquid/solid three-phase high-speed counter-current chromatography, a new technique for separation of polyphenols from Geranium wilfordii
Maxim. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2146-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Yan Ma
- Liaoning Province Dalian Ocean Fishery Group Corp; Dalian China
| | - Ming Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jan-Christer Janson
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Hongbin Xiao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
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Li XF, Guo YJ, Zhang DM, Chen Z, Wei X, Li YH, Zhang SL, Tao JY, Dong JH, Mei YW, Li LL, Zhao L. Protective activity of the ethanol extract of Cynanchum paniculatum (BUNGE) Kitagawa on treating herpes simplex encephalitis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:259-66. [PMID: 22507338 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To date there has been no valid treatment for herpes simplex encephalitis (HSV). This study explores the protective activity of ethanol extract of Cynanchum paniculatum (bunge) kitagawa for treatment of HSV. Cell models and animal models were established and divided into 4 groups: normal group, virus group, cynanchum paniculatum group and Dexamethasone group. Flow cytometry was employed to detect apoptosis of cell model and TUNEL assay was chosen to detect apoptosis of animal tissues. The survival time of the animal models was observed. ELISA was used to measure TNF-alpha expression and the Greiss method to measure Nitric Oxide (NO) expression in the mouse brain. As a result, it was found that extract of Cynanchum paniculatum can improve the survival rate of HSV-infected mice. The extract could prevent apoptosis in the neuron cell model and reduce apoptosis rate in brain tissue after HSV infection. With the extract intervention, TNF-alpha and NO levels in brain tissue were significantly decreased in the animal model. In conclusion, the extract of Cynanchum paniculatum can prevent HSV-inducing impairment in the cell and animal model of HSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-F Li
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, P.R. China
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Zhou YB, Wang YF, Zhang Y, Zheng LY, Yang XA, Wang N, Jiang JH, Ma F, Yin DT, Sun CY, Wang QD. In vitro activity of cepharanthine hydrochloride against clinical wild-type and lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus isolates. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 683:10-5. [PMID: 22387093 PMCID: PMC7094493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes major public health problems worldwide. The clinical limitation of current antiviral drugs for HBV, such as lamivudine, is the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains during prolonged antiviral therapy. Cepharanthine hydrochloride (CH), a natural alkaloid-derived compound, has been reported to possess potent activity against various viruses. The present study was performed to evaluate the in vitro activity of CH against clinical wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV isolates in transiently transfected cells. HBV DNA was extracted from serum samples collected both before lamivudine therapy and at the time of viral breakthrough and was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplicons were cloned into a novel expression vector, pHY106, which can initiate the intracellular HBV replication cycle after cell transfection. Following transfection of the cloned amplicon into HepG2 cells, a drug susceptibility assay was performed. The level of viral antigen, HBeAg, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) was used for determining the amount of intracellular HBV DNA. Heat stress cognate 70 (Hsc70), a host protein required for HBV replication, was also analyzed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to explore the possible antiviral mechanism of CH. The results showed that CH inhibited replication and HBeAg production by either wild-type or lamivudine-resistant HBV clinical isolates in a dose-dependent manner. The Hsc70 mRNA was also downregulated significantly. In conclusion, CH is active against both wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV clinical isolates, and its activity may be associated with its inhibition of host Hsc70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bing Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Chromatographic fingerprint and the simultaneous determination of five bioactive components of geranium carolinianum L. water extract by high performance liquid chromatography. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:8740-9. [PMID: 22272101 PMCID: PMC3257098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12128740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and sensitive HPLC method has been developed in combination with fingerprint analysis and simultaneous determination of five markers, namely gallic acid, corilagin, methyl brevifolincarboxylate, ellagic acid and rutin for evaluation and quality control of Geranium carolinianum L. water extract. Extraction methods were optimized by comparing the hydrolysis efficiency of geraniin, a major tannin of the herb, resulting in the method of extraction with water under reflux. Water extracts were analyzed by HPLC, with a mobile phase of 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid (v/v) and acetonitrile in a gradient program within 65 min. Compounds were detected at 274 nm UV wavelength. For fingerprint analysis, 17 peaks were selected as the characteristic peaks to evaluate the similarities of different samples collected from the suburb of Nanjing. The correlation coefficients of similarity were greater than 0.993. In quantitative analysis, the five selected markers showed good regression (R > 0.9991) within test ranges, and the average recoveries were between 97.2-101.7% and their RSD values were less than 4.50%. The total contents of the five markers varied from 44.28 to 71.84 mg/g. The method can be very useful for further development of G. carolinianum L. extracts and preparations.
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Li J, Ye L, Wang X, Hu S, Ho W. Induction of interferon-γ contributes to Toll-like receptor 3-mediated herpes simplex virus type 1 inhibition in astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 2011; 90:399-406. [PMID: 22057682 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes double-stranded RNA and induces type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral immunity against a number of viral infections. Type III IFN (IFN-λ) is a newly identified antiviral cytokine that has biological functions similar to those of type I IFNs. We thus investigated the role of IFN-λ in TLR3 activation-mediated inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in human primary astrocytes. Human astrocytes express endogenous IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ receptor complex, interleukin-28 receptor α subunit (IL-28Rα), and IL-10Rβ. The activation of TLR3 by poly-I:C treatment significantly induced the expression of IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ2/3 in astrocytes. The induction of IFN-λ contributed to TLR3 activation-mediated HSV-1 inhibition in astrocytes. Investigation of the mechanisms showed that treatment of astrocytes with specific antibody against IFN-λ receptor attenuated the anti-HSV-1 activity of poly-I:C, indicating that endogenous IFN-λ contributes to the anti-HSV-1 effect of TLR3 activation. The anti-HSV-1 effect of endogenous IFN-λ was also confirmed by the finding that recombinant IFN-λ treatment inhibited HSV-1 infection of astrocytes. These results provide direct and compelling evidence that endogenous IFN-λ participates in TLR3-mediated antiviral activity, which may have important implications in host cell innate immunity against HSV-1 infection in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieliang Li
- Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Li XF, Guo YJ, Wang ML, Zhang DM, Li YH, Wang YF, Tao JY, Zhang SL, Dong JH, Li LL, Zhao L. Inducing-Apoptotic Activity of the Ethanol Extract of Duchesnea Indica Focke on Treatment of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 24:631-8. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201102400309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the inducing-apoptotic activity of the ethanol extract of Duchesnea indica Focke on treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis. Cell models were employed and divided into 4 groups: normal group, virus group, Duchesnea indica group and dexamethasone group. Cytopathic effect examination was employed to detect apoptosis of PC-12 and BV-2 cells. ELISA was used to measure TNF-α and IL-1β, and Greiss method to measure NO secretion. Flow cytometry assay for caspase-3 expressions was performed. As a result, the ethanol extract of Duchesnea indica could protect the neuron cell model from impairment by virus. In the cell model of microglia stimulated by herpes simplex virus (HSV), with the ethanol extract intervention, TNF-α, IL-1β and NO levels were significantly decreased and cell death of BV-2 cells were markedly increased. The expression level of caspase-3 was notably elevated after the extract intervention. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Duchesnea indica can reduce HSV-induced inflammatory injury on neuron due to the induction of microglia apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-F. Li
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - Y-J. Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - M-L. Wang
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - D-M. Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - Y-H. Li
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - Y-F. Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - J-Y Tao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan
| | - S-L. Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - J-H. Dong
- Central Lab, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR. China
| | - L-L. Li
- Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - L. Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
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