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Abadi B, Ilaghi M, Shahsavani Y, Faramarzpour M, Oghazian MB, Rahimi HR. Antibiotics with Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Potential Against Covid-19: A Review. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2023; 18:51-63. [PMID: 34994339 DOI: 10.2174/2772432817666220106162013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In Covid-19 cases, elderly patients in long-term care facilities, children younger than five years with moderate symptoms, and patients admitted to ICU or with comorbidities are at a high risk of coinfection, as suggested by the evidence. Thus, in these patients, antibiotic therapy based on empirical evidence is necessary. Finding appropriate antimicrobial agents, especially with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, is a promising approach to target the virus and its complications, hyper-inflammation, and microorganisms resulting in co-infection. Moreover, indiscriminate use of antibiotics can be accompanied by Clostridioides difficile colitis, the emergence of resistant microorganisms, and adverse drug reactions, particularly kidney damage and QT prolongation. Therefore, rational administration of efficient antibiotics is an important issue. The main objective of the present review is to provide a summary of antibiotics with possible antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and anti-immunomodulatory effects to guide scientists for further research. Besides, the findings can help health professionals in the rational prescription of antibiotics in Covid-19 patients with a high risk of co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Abadi
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehran Ilaghi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yasamin Shahsavani
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Faramarzpour
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Oghazian
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid-Reza Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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2
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Li X, Wang W, Yan S, Zhao W, Xiong H, Bao C, Chen J, Yue Y, Su Y, Zhang C. Drug-induced liver injury in COVID-19 treatment: Incidence, mechanisms and clinical management. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1019487. [PMID: 36518661 PMCID: PMC9742434 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1019487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak triggered a serious and potentially lethal pandemic, resulting in massive health and economic losses worldwide. The most common clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients are pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, with a variety of complications. Multiple organ failure and damage, ultimately leading to patient death, are possible as a result of medication combinations, and this is exemplified by DILI. We hope to summarize DILI caused by the antiviral drugs favipiravir, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients in this review. The incidence of liver injury in the treatment of COVID-19 patients was searched on PubMed to investigate DILI cases. The cumulative prevalence of acute liver injury was 23.7% (16.1%-33.1%). We discuss the frequency of these events, potential mechanisms, and new insights into surveillance strategies. Furthermore, we also describe medication recommendations aimed at preserving DILI caused by treatment in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanting Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Suying Yan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weipeng Zhao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cuiping Bao
- Departments of Radiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinqian Chen
- Departments of Pharmacy, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjun Su
- Department of Lung Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Computational Studies on Selected Macrolides Active against Escherichia coli Combined with the NMR Study of Tylosin A in Deuterated Chloroform. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217280. [PMID: 36364103 PMCID: PMC9654277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many antibiotics are active against Gram-positive bacteria, fewer also show activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we present a combination of in silico (electron ion-interaction potential, molecular docking, ADMET), NMR, and microbiological investigations of selected macrolides (14-membered, 15-membered, and 16-membered), aiming to discover the pattern of design for macrolides active against Gram-negative bacteria. Although the conformational studies of 14-membered and 15-membered macrolides are abundant in the literature, 16-membered macrolides, and their most prominent representative tylosin A, have received relatively little research attention. We therefore report the complete 1H and 13C NMR assignment of tylosin A in deuterated chloroform, as well as its 3D solution structure determined through molecular modelling (conformational search) and 2D ROESY NMR. Additionally, due to the degradation of tylosin A in deuterated chloroform, other species were also detected in 1D and 2D NMR spectra. We additionally studied the anti-bacterial activity of tylosin A and B against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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4
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Goebel J, Chmielewski J, Hrycyna CA. The roles of the human ATP-binding cassette transporters P-glycoprotein and ABCG2 in multidrug resistance in cancer and at endogenous sites: future opportunities for structure-based drug design of inhibitors. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 4:784-804. [PMID: 34993424 PMCID: PMC8730335 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and ABCG2 are multidrug transporters that confer drug resistance to numerous anti-cancer therapeutics in cell culture. These findings initially created great excitement in the medical oncology community, as inhibitors of these transporters held the promise of overcoming clinical multidrug resistance in cancer patients. However, clinical trials of P-gp and ABCG2 inhibitors in combination with cancer chemotherapeutics have not been successful due, in part, to flawed clinical trial designs resulting from an incomplete molecular understanding of the multifactorial basis of multidrug resistance (MDR) in the cancers examined. The field was also stymied by the lack of high-resolution structural information for P-gp and ABCG2 for use in the rational structure-based drug design of inhibitors. Recent advances in structural biology have led to numerous structures of both ABCG2 and P-gp that elucidated more clearly the mechanism of transport and the polyspecific nature of their substrate and inhibitor binding sites. These data should prove useful helpful for developing even more potent and specific inhibitors of both transporters. As such, although possible pharmacokinetic interactions would need to be evaluated, these inhibitors may show greater effectiveness in overcoming ABC-dependent multidrug resistance in combination with chemotherapeutics in carefully selected subsets of cancers. Another perhaps even more compelling use of these inhibitors may be in reversibly inhibiting endogenously expressed P-gp and ABCG2, which serve a protective role at various blood-tissue barriers. Inhibition of these transporters at sanctuary sites such as the brain and gut could lead to increased penetration by chemotherapeutics used to treat brain cancers or other brain disorders and increased oral bioavailability of these agents, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Goebel
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jean Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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5
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Sharma P, Singh N, Sharma S. ATP binding cassette transporters and cancer: revisiting their controversial role. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:1211-1235. [PMID: 34783261 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporters) has been reported in various tissues such as the lung, liver, kidney, brain and intestine. These proteins account for the efflux of different compounds and metabolites across the membrane, thus decreasing the concentration of the toxic compounds. ABC transporter genes play a vital role in the development of multidrug resistance, which is the main obstacle that hinders the success of chemotherapy. Preclinical and clinical trials have investigated the probability of overcoming drug-associated resistance and substantial toxicities. The focus has been put on several strategies to overcome multidrug resistance. These strategies include the development of modulators that can modulate ABC transporters. This knowledge can be translated for clinical oncology treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Pulmonary medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
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6
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Matsuo J, Yamaori S. Detecting drug-drug interactions that increase the incidence of long QT syndrome using a spontaneous reporting system. J Clin Pharm Ther 2021; 47:70-80. [PMID: 34664726 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Drug-induced long QT syndrome (diLQTS) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction. Drug-drug interaction (DDI) is one of the risk factors for the development of diLQTS. However, the combinations of drugs that increase the risk of diLQTS have not been extensively investigated. This study was performed to analyse the potential DDIs that elevate the incidence of diLQTS using a spontaneous reporting system. METHODS The Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database from April 2004 to January 2020 was used to assess adverse event reports. We calculated the reporting odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for signal detection. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Signals for concomitant use risk were detected in 31 drug combinations. Combinations of antipsychotics and antidepressants were the most common (olanzapine & fluvoxamine, olanzapine & trazodone, quetiapine & paroxetine, sulpiride & fluvoxamine, sulpiride & trazodone). Sixteen, 17 and 21 combinations were designated as requiring precaution for concomitant use in at least one of the package inserts in Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively, although no such precautions were described for the remaining combinations. On the contrary, a combination of bepridil & clarithromycin was categorized as "X (avoid combination)" and two combinations (chlorpromazine & haloperidol, amiodarone & metildigoxin) were classified as "D (modify regimen)" in the Lexicomp® risk rating. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION This study identified 31 combinations of drugs that may elevate the risk of diLQTS. The use of these drug combinations should be monitored more carefully in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaori
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
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7
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Peric M, Pešić D, Alihodžić S, Fajdetić A, Herreros E, Gamo FJ, Angulo-Barturen I, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Ferrer-Bazaga S, Martínez MS, Gargallo-Viola D, Mathis A, Kessler A, Banjanac M, Padovan J, Bencetić Mihaljević V, Munic Kos V, Bukvić M, Eraković Haber V, Spaventi R. A novel class of fast-acting antimalarial agents: Substituted 15-membered azalides. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:363-377. [PMID: 33085774 PMCID: PMC9328652 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Efficacy of current antimalarial treatments is declining as a result of increasing antimalarial drug resistance, so new and potent antimalarial drugs are urgently needed. Azithromycin, an azalide antibiotic, was found useful in malaria therapy, but its efficacy in humans is low. Experimental Approach Four compounds belonging to structurally different azalide classes were tested and their activities compared to azithromycin and chloroquine. in vitro evaluation included testing against sensitive and resistant Plasmodium falciparum, cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells, accumulation and retention in human erythrocytes, antibacterial activity, and mode of action studies (delayed death phenotype and haem polymerization). in vivo assessment enabled determination of pharmacokinetic profiles in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys and in vivo efficacy in a humanized mouse model. Key Results Novel fast‐acting azalides were highly active in vitro against P. falciparum strains exhibiting various resistance patterns, including chloroquine‐resistant strains. Excellent antimalarial activity was confirmed in a P. falciparum murine model by strong inhibition of haemozoin‐containing trophozoites and quick clearance of parasites from the blood. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that compounds are metabolically stable and have moderate oral bioavailability, long half‐lives, low clearance, and substantial exposures, with blood cells as the preferred compartment, especially infected erythrocytes. Fast anti‐plasmodial action is achieved by the high accumulation into infected erythrocytes and interference with parasite haem polymerization, a mode of action different from slow‐acting azithromycin. Conclusion and Implications The hybrid derivatives described here represent excellent antimalarial drug candidates with the potential for clinical use in malaria therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Peric
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department for Intercellular Communication, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dijana Pešić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sulejman Alihodžić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Fajdetić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Esperanza Herreros
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain.,Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain.,The Art of Discovery, Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - María Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain.,The Art of Discovery, Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer-Bazaga
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain
| | - María S Martínez
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Domingo Gargallo-Viola
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain.,ABAC Therapeutics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Mathis
- GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.,BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Albane Kessler
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, Tres Cantos (Madrid), Spain
| | - Mihailo Banjanac
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Padovan
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Vesna Munic Kos
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mirjana Bukvić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Eraković Haber
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Fidelta Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radan Spaventi
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Triadelta Partners Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
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8
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Morris G, Athan E, Walder K, Bortolasci CC, O'Neil A, Marx W, Berk M, Carvalho AF, Maes M, Puri BK. Can endolysosomal deacidification and inhibition of autophagy prevent severe COVID-19? Life Sci 2020; 262:118541. [PMID: 33035581 PMCID: PMC7537668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The possibility is examined that immunomodulatory pharmacotherapy may be clinically useful in managing the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), known to result from infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. The dominant route of cell entry of the coronavirus is via phagocytosis, with ensconcement in endosomes thereafter proceeding via the endosomal pathway, involving transfer from early (EEs) to late endosomes (LEs) and ultimately into lysosomes via endolysosomal fusion. EE to LE transportation is a rate-limiting step for coronaviruses. Hence inhibition or dysregulation of endosomal trafficking could potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Furthermore, the acidic luminal pH of the endolysosomal system is critical for the activity of numerous pH-sensitive hydrolytic enzymes. Golgi sub-compartments and Golgi-derived secretory vesicles also depend on being mildly acidic for optimal function and structure. Activation of endosomal toll-like receptors by viral RNA can upregulate inflammatory mediators and contribute to a systemic inflammatory cytokine storm, associated with a worsened clinical outcome in COVID-19. Such endosomal toll-like receptors could be inhibited by the use of pharmacological agents which increase endosomal pH, thereby reducing the activity of acid-dependent endosomal proteases required for their activity and/or assembly, leading to suppression of antigen-presenting cell activity, decreased autoantibody secretion, decreased nuclear factor-kappa B activity and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production. It is also noteworthy that SARS-CoV-2 inhibits autophagy, predisposing infected cells to apoptosis. It is therefore also suggested that further pharmacological inhibition of autophagy might encourage the apoptotic clearance of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eugene Athan
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,Department of Infectious Disease, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chiara C. Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wolf Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry, the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - André F. Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Basant K. Puri
- C.A.R., Cambridge, UK,Corresponding author at: Level 1, Block A, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
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9
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Lai JI, Tseng YJ, Chen MH, Huang CYF, Chang PMH. Clinical Perspective of FDA Approved Drugs With P-Glycoprotein Inhibition Activities for Potential Cancer Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2020; 10:561936. [PMID: 33312947 PMCID: PMC7704056 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.561936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (also known as multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) or ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1) plays a crucial role in determining response against medications, including cancer therapeutics. It is now well established that p-glycoprotein acts as an ATP dependent pump that pumps out small molecules from cells. Ample evidence exist that show p-glycoprotein expression levels correlate with drug efficacy, which suggests the rationale for developing p-glycoprotein inhibitors for treatment against cancer. Preclinical and clinical studies have investigated this possibility, but mostly were limited by substantial toxicities. Repurposing FDA-approved drugs that have p-glycoprotein inhibition activities is therefore a potential alternative approach. In this review, we searched the Drugbank Database (https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs) and identified 98 FDA-approved small molecules that possess p-glycoprotein inhibition properties. Focusing on the small molecules approved with indications against non-cancer diseases, we query the scientific literature for studies that specifically investigate these therapeutics as cancer treatment. In light of this analysis, potential development opportunities will then be thoroughly investigated for future efforts in repositioning of non-cancer p-glycoprotein inhibitors in single use or in combination therapy for clinical oncology treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-I Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhen Tseng
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peter Mu-Hsin Chang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Scherrmann JM. Intracellular ABCB1 as a Possible Mechanism to Explain the Synergistic Effect of Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin Combination in COVID-19 Therapy. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:86. [PMID: 32533263 PMCID: PMC7291928 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The co-administration of hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin is proposed in COVID-19 therapy. We hypothesize a new mechanism supporting the synergistic interaction between these drugs. Azithromycin is a substrate of ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) which is localized in endosomes and lysosomes with a polarized substrate transport from the cell cytosol into the vesicle interior. SARS-CoV-2 and drugs meet in these acidic organelles and both basic drugs, which are potent lysosomotropic compounds, will become protonated and trapped within these vesicles. Consequently, their intra-vesicular concentrations can attain low micromolar effective cytotoxic concentrations on SARS-CoV-2 while concomitantly increase the intra-vesicular pH up to around neutrality. This last effect inhibits lysosomal enzyme activities responsible in virus entry and replication cycle. Based on these considerations, we hypothesize that ABCB1 could be a possible enhancer by confining azithromycin more extensively than expected when the trapping is solely dependent on the passive diffusion. This additional mechanism may therefore explain the synergistic effect when azithromycin is added to hydroxychloroquine, leading to apparently more rapid virus clearance and better clinical benefit, when compared to monotherapy with hydroxychloroquine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Scherrmann
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, Inserm UMRS-1144, Paris, France. .,Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 4, avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
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11
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Xu LZJ, Shi ZJ, Guo Q, Bai YH, Shen YY, Jin LY, Zhao YH, Zhang JT, Jin RC. Performance and microbial community responses of the partial nitration process to tetracycline and Zn(II). Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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12
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Nejati M, Sadeghpour H, Ranjbar S, Javidnia K, Edraki N, Saso L, Firuzi O, Miri R. Unsymmetric dihydropyridines bearing 2-pyridyl methyl carboxylate as modulators of P-glycoprotein; synthesis and biological evaluation in resistant and non-resistant cancer cells. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells is often associated with overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp or ABCB1 or MDR1); therefore, modulators of this transporter might be helpful in overcoming MDR. In this study, 16 novel unsymmetrical dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives bearing 2-pyridyl methyl carboxylate at C3 and a nitroimidazole or nitrophenyl ring at C4 positions of the DHP ring were synthesized. Their cytotoxicity was tested against four human cancer cells by MTT assay. The reversal capacity of MDR was examined in P-gp overexpressing cells (MES-SA/DX5) by measuring the alteration of doxorubicin’s IC50 and performing flow cytometric determination of intracellular rhodamine 123 accumulation. The calcium channel blocking (CCB) activity, as a side effect of DHPs, was tested on the ileum of a guinea pig. Molecular docking was performed to explain the binding mode of compounds. Two derivatives, 4a and 4c, containing 4-nitrophenyl at C4 and possessing methyl (4a) and iso-propyl (4c) carboxylates at the C5 position of DHP core demonstrated superior cytotoxic and MDR reversal activities and lower CCB effect. Docking analysis confirmed the importance of the 4-nitrophenyl ring for P-gp inhibitory activity. Some of the synthesized DHP derivatives with considerable MDR reversal capacity could be promising compounds for further discovery of useful agents for management of drug resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nejati
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Ranjbar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Katayoun Javidnia
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Qiu Q, Zhu J, Chen Q, Jiang Z, Xu J, Jiang X, Huang W, Liu Z, Ye J, Xu X. Discovery of aromatic amides with triazole-core as potent reversal agents against P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103083. [PMID: 31255991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major impediment for clinical cancer therapy. 19 novel aromatic amides with triazole-core as MDR reversal agents were designed and synthesized via click chemistry to reverse MDR. Among them, compound 42 was identified as the most promising candidate with high potency (EC50 = 78.1 ± 5.4 nM), low cytotoxity (SI > 1282) and persistent duration in reversing doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in K562/A02 cells. 42 also enhanced the potency of other P-gp associated cytotoxic agents with different structures. In further study, remarkably increased intracellular accumulation of Rh123 and DOX in K562/A02 cells was achieved by compound 42, while CYP3A4 activity had no change by compound 42. These results indicate that compound 42 as a relatively safe modulator of P-gp-mediated MDR has good potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Jilan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Qiutong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Ziqian Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Jiting Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Xueting Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhongquan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China.
| | - Jing Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China.
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng, PR China.
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14
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Virkel G, Ballent M, Lanusse C, Lifschitz A. Role of ABC Transporters in Veterinary Medicine: Pharmaco- Toxicological Implications. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1251-1269. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180201094730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Unlike physicians, veterinary practitioners must deal with a number of animal species with crucial differences in anatomy, physiology and metabolism. Accordingly, the pharmacokinetic behaviour, the clinical efficacy and the adverse or toxic effects of drugs may differ across domestic animals. Moreover, the use of drugs in food-producing species may impose a risk for humans due to the generation of chemical residues in edible products, a major concern for public health and consumer's safety. As is clearly known in human beings, the ATP binding cassette (ABC) of transport proteins may influence the bioavailability and elimination of numerous drugs and other xenobiotics in domestic animals as well. A number of drugs, currently available in the veterinary market, are substrates of one or more transporters. Therefore, significant drug-drug interactions among ABC substrates may have unpredictable pharmacotoxicological consequences in different species of veterinary interest. In this context, different investigations revealed the major relevance of P-gp and other transport proteins, like breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs), in both companion and livestock animals. Undoubtedly, the discovery of the ABC transporters and the deep understanding of their physiological role in the different species introduced a new paradigm into the veterinary pharmacology. This review focuses on the expression and function of the major transport proteins expressed in species of veterinary interest, and their impact on drug disposition, efficacy and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Virkel
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICETCICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (FCV-UNCPBA), Campus Universitario (Los Ombues y Reforma Universitaria), (7000) Tandil, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Ballent
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICETCICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (FCV-UNCPBA), Campus Universitario (Los Ombues y Reforma Universitaria), (7000) Tandil, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICETCICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (FCV-UNCPBA), Campus Universitario (Los Ombues y Reforma Universitaria), (7000) Tandil, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICETCICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (FCV-UNCPBA), Campus Universitario (Los Ombues y Reforma Universitaria), (7000) Tandil, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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Mostoufi H, Yousefi G, Tamaddon AM, Firuzi O. Reversing multi-drug tumor resistance to Paclitaxel by well-defined pH-sensitive amphiphilic polypeptide block copolymers via induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 174:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Weiss J. Herb⁻Drug Interaction Potential of Anti-Borreliae Effective Extracts from Uncaria tomentosa (Samento) and Otoba parvifolia (Banderol) Assessed In Vitro. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010137. [PMID: 30602711 PMCID: PMC6337116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Samento (extract from Uncaria tomentosa) and Banderol (extract from Otoba parvifolia) have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, e.g., against different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi. However, there is hardly any data on the pharmacological safety of these two herbal medicines. This in vitro study aimed at scrutinizing their possible characteristics as perpetrators in pharmacokinetic herbal–drug interactions. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) was quantified by commercial kits and inhibition of drug transporters by use of fluorescent probe substrates. Induction was quantified by real-time RT-PCR and activation of pregnane x receptor (PXR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by reporter gene assays. Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) (IC50 = 0.49 ± 0.28%) and OATP1B3 (IC50 = 0.65 ± 0.29%) were potently inhibited by Banderol, but only weakly by Samento. CYP3A4 was inhibited about 40% at a Samento concentration of 1%. Samento significantly induced mRNA expression of CYP2J2, UGT1A3, UGT1A9, ABCB1, and SLCO1B1 and strongly activated PXR, but hardly AhR. In conclusion, the perpetrator profiles of Samento and Banderol for herb–drug interactions completely differ. Clinical studies are strongly recommended to clarify whether the effects observed in vitro are of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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17
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Alihodžić S, Bukvić M, Elenkov IJ, Hutinec A, Koštrun S, Pešić D, Saxty G, Tomašković L, Žiher D. Current Trends in Macrocyclic Drug Discovery and beyond -Ro5. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 57:113-233. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Sanchez Garcia D, Sjödin M, Hellstrandh M, Norinder U, Nikiforova V, Lindberg J, Wincent E, Bergman Å, Cotgreave I, Munic Kos V. Cellular accumulation and lipid binding of perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFASs) - A comparison with lysosomotropic drugs. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 281:1-10. [PMID: 29248446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Many chemicals accumulate in organisms through a variety of different mechanisms. Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) accumulate in lysosomes and bind to membranes causing phospholipidosis, whereas many lipophilic chemicals target adipose tissue. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used as surfactants, but many of them are highly bioaccumulating and persistent in the environment, making them notorious environmental toxicants. Understanding the mechanisms of their bioaccumulation is, therefore, important for their regulation and substitution with new, less harmful chemicals. We compared the highly bioaccumulative perfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS to its three less bioaccumulative alternatives perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), in their ability to accumulate and remain in lung epithelial cells (NCI-H292) and adipocytes (3T3-L1K) in vitro. As a reference point we tested a set of cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs), known to highly accumulate in cells and strongly bind to phospholipids, together with their respective non-CAD controls. Finally, all compounds were examined for their ability to bind to neutral lipids and phospholipids in cell-free systems. Cellular accumulation and retention of the test compounds were highly correlated between the lung epithelial cells and adipocytes. Interestingly, although an anion itself, intensities of PFOS accumulation and retention in cells were comparable to those of CAD compounds, but PFOS failed to induce phospholipidosis or alter lysosomal volume. Compared to other lipophilicity measures, phospholipophilicity shows the highest correlation (Rˆ2 = 0.75) to cellular accumulation data in both cell types and best distinguishes between high and low accumulating compounds. This indicates that binding to phospholipids may be the most important component in driving high cellular accumulation in lung epithelial cells, as well as in adipocytes, and for both CADs and bioaccumulating PFASs. Obtained continuous PLS models based on compound's affinity for phospholipids and neutral lipids can be used as good prediction models of cellular accumulation and retention of PFASs and CADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sanchez Garcia
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Marcus Sjödin
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hellstrandh
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Ulf Norinder
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Violetta Nikiforova
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Johan Lindberg
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Emma Wincent
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Åke Bergman
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Ian Cotgreave
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Vesna Munic Kos
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden.
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Chen J, Wei H, Cheng J, Xie B, Wang B, Yi J, Tian B, Liu Z, Wang F, Zhang Z. Characteristics of doxorubicin-selected multidrug-resistant human leukemia HL-60 cells with tolerance to arsenic trioxide and contribution of leukemia stem cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1255-1262. [PMID: 29399180 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study selected and characterized a multidrug-resistant HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60/RS, by exposure to stepwise incremental doses of doxorubicin. The drug-resistant HL-60/RS cells exhibited 85.68-fold resistance to doxorubicin and were cross-resistant to other chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin, daunorubicin, cytarabine, vincristine and etoposide. The cells over-expressed the transporters P-glycoprotein, multidrug-resistance-related protein 1 and breast-cancer-resistance protein, encoded by the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC)B1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 genes, respectively. Unlike other recognized chemoresistant leukemia cell lines, HL-60/RS cells were also strongly cross-resistant to arsenic trioxide. The proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) increased synchronously with increased of drug resistance in the doxorubicin-induced HL-60 cell population. The present study confirmed that doxorubicin-induced HL-60 cells exhibited multidrug-resistance and high arsenic-trioxide resistance. Drug-resistance in these cells may be due to surviving chemoresistant LSCs in the HL-60 population, which have been subjected to long and consecutive selection by doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hulai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Baoying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhewen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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20
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In Vitro Assessment of the Effect of Antiepileptic Drugs on Expression and Function of ABC Transporters and Their Interactions with ABCC2. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101484. [PMID: 28961159 PMCID: PMC6151573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
ABC transporters have a significant role in drug disposition and response and various studies have implicated their involvement in epilepsy pharmacoresistance. Since genetic studies till now are inconclusive, we thought of investigating the role of xenobiotics as transcriptional modulators of ABC transporters. Here, we investigated the effect of six antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) viz. phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproate, lamotrigine, topiramate and levetiracetam, on the expression and function of ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCG2 in Caco2 and HepG2 cell lines through real time PCR, western blot and functional activity assays. Further, the interaction of AEDs with maximally induced ABCC2 was studied. Carbamazepine caused a significant induction in expression of ABCB1 and ABCC2 in HepG2 and Caco2 cells, both at the transcript and protein level, together with increased functional activity. Valproate caused a significant increase in the expression and functional activity of ABCB1 in HepG2 only. No significant effect of phenytoin, lamotrigine, topiramate and levetiracetam on the transporters under study was observed in either of the cell lines. We demonstrated the interaction of carbamazepine and valproate with ABCC2 with ATPase and 5,6-carboxyfluorescein inhibition assays. Thus, altered functionality of ABCB1 and ABCC2 can affect the disposition and bioavailability of administered drugs, interfering with AED therapy.
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21
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Koštrun S, Munic Kos V, Matanović Škugor M, Palej Jakopović I, Malnar I, Dragojević S, Ralić J, Alihodžić S. Around the macrolide – Impact of 3D structure of macrocycles on lipophilicity and cellular accumulation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 133:351-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Toxoplasma gondii and schizophrenia: a review of published RCTs. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:1793-1799. [PMID: 28508166 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 60 years, accumulating evidence has suggested that acute, chronic, and maternal Toxoplasma gondii infections predispose to schizophrenia. More recent evidence suggests that chronically infected patients with schizophrenia present with more severe disease. After acute infection, parasites form walled cysts in the brain, leading to lifelong chronic infection and drug resistance to commonly used antiparasitics. Chronic infection is the most studied and closely linked with development and severity of schizophrenia. There are currently four published randomized controlled trials evaluating antiparasitic drugs, specifically azithromycin, trimethoprim, artemisinin, and artemether, in patients with schizophrenia. No trials have demonstrated a change in psychopathology with adjunctive treatment. Published trials have either selected drugs without evidence against chronic infection or used them at doses too low to reduce brain cyst burden. Furthermore, trials have failed to achieve sufficient power or account for confounders such as previous antipsychotic treatment, sex, age, or rhesus status on antiparasitic effect. There are currently no ongoing trials of anti-Toxoplasma therapy in schizophrenia despite ample evidence to justify further testing.
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23
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Walker N, Filis P, Soffientini U, Bellingham M, O’Shaughnessy PJ, Fowler PA. Placental transporter localization and expression in the Human: the importance of species, sex, and gestational age differences†. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:733-742. [PMID: 28339967 PMCID: PMC5441296 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a critical organ during pregnancy, essential for the provision of an optimal intrauterine environment, with fetal survival, growth, and development relying on correct placental function. It must allow nutritional compounds and relevant hormones to pass into the fetal bloodstream and metabolic waste products to be cleared. It also acts as a semipermeable barrier to potentially harmful chemicals, both endogenous and exogenous. Transporter proteins allow for bidirectional transport and are found in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta and endothelium of fetal capillaries. The major transporter families in the human placenta are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC), and insufficiency of these transporters may lead to deleterious effects on the fetus. Transporter expression levels are gestation-dependent and this is of considerable clinical interest as levels of drug resistance may be altered from one trimester to the next. This highlights the importance of these transporters in mediating correct and timely transplacental passage of essential compounds but also for efflux of potentially toxic drugs and xenobiotics. We review the current literature on placental molecular transporters with respect to their localization and ontogeny, the influence of fetal sex, and the relevance of animal models. We conclude that a paucity of information exists, and further studies are required to unlock the enigma of this dynamic organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Walker
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Panagiotis Filis
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ugo Soffientini
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michelle Bellingham
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter J O’Shaughnessy
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul A Fowler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Berlin S, Kirschbaum A, Spieckermann L, Oswald S, Keiser M, Grube M, Venner M, Siegmund W. Pharmacological indices and pulmonary distribution of rifampicin after repeated oral administration in healthy foals. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:618-623. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Berlin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | | | | | - S. Oswald
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Keiser
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Grube
- Department of General Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Venner
- Veterinary Clinic for Horses Destedt Germany
| | - W. Siegmund
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
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25
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E. Lemus-C A, F. Troconi I, J. Garrido M, Granados-S V, J. Flores- F. Population Pharmacokinetics of Clarithromycin in Mexican Hospitalized Patients with Respiratory Disease: Evidence for a Reduced Clearance. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.54.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Guo Q, Shi ZJ, Xu JL, Yang CC, Huang M, Shi ML, Jin RC. Inhibition of the partial nitritation by roxithromycin and Cu(II). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:253-258. [PMID: 27136613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To facilitate the application of partial nitritation (PN) - anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in nitrogen removal from livestock wastewater, the inhibition of roxithromycin (ROX) and Cu(II) on the PN sludge was examined using a respirometric method. The results showed that the IC50 of ROX and Cu(II) on PN sludge were 346 and 74.3mgL(-1), respectively. The relative specific respiration rate (SRR) of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) decreased from 87.4% to 17.7% with the ROX concentration increased from 0 to 500mgL(-1). When the concentration of Cu(II) increased from 0 to 160mgL(-1), the SRRs of AOB and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria decreased by 85.5% and 11.2%, respectively. According to the isobole plots analysis, combined suppression by ROX and Cu(II) was synergistic. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses showed that ROX exposure altered the positions of CO bonds, and the intensity of the absorption peak at 2100cm(-1) changed under Cu(II) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jia-Li Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Chen-Chen Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Mei Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Man-Ling Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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Matsson P, Doak BC, Over B, Kihlberg J. Cell permeability beyond the rule of 5. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 101:42-61. [PMID: 27067608 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery for difficult targets that have large and flat binding sites is often better suited to compounds beyond the "rule of 5" (bRo5). However, such compounds carry higher pharmacokinetic risks, such as low solubility and permeability, and increased efflux and metabolism. Interestingly, recent drug approvals and studies suggest that cell permeable and orally bioavailable drugs can be discovered far into bRo5 space. Tactics such as reduction or shielding of polarity by N-methylation, bulky side chains and intramolecular hydrogen bonds may be used to increase cell permeability in this space, but often results in decreased solubility. Conformationally flexible compounds can, however, combine high permeability and solubility, properties that are keys for cell permeability and intestinal absorption. Recent developments in computational conformational analysis will aid design of such compounds and hence prediction of cell permeability. Transporter mediated efflux occurs for most investigated drugs in bRo5 space, however it is commonly overcome by high local intestinal concentrations on oral administration. In contrast, there is little data to support significant impact of transporter-mediated intestinal absorption in bRo5 space. Current knowledge of compound properties that govern transporter effects of bRo5 drugs is limited and requires further fundamental and comprehensive studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Matsson
- Department of Pharmacy, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bradley C Doak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, MIPS, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Björn Over
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Berlin S, Spieckermann L, Oswald S, Keiser M, Lumpe S, Ullrich A, Grube M, Hasan M, Venner M, Siegmund W. Pharmacokinetics and Pulmonary Distribution of Clarithromycin and Rifampicin after Concomitant and Consecutive Administration in Foals. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1089-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Berlin
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Oswald
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus Keiser
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Anett Ullrich
- PRIMACYT Cell Culture Technology GmbH, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Markus Grube
- Department
of General Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Hasan
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Shekari F, Sadeghpour H, Javidnia K, Saso L, Nazari F, Firuzi O, Miri R. Cytotoxic and multidrug resistance reversal activities of novel 1,4-dihydropyridines against human cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 746:233-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Keelan J, Pugazhenthi K. Trans-placental passage and anti-inflammatory effects of solithromycin in the human placenta. Placenta 2014; 35:1043-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Doak B, Over B, Giordanetto F, Kihlberg J. Oral Druggable Space beyond the Rule of 5: Insights from Drugs and Clinical Candidates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:1115-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Qi C, Gao S, Li H, Gao W. [The effect and mechanism of vinorelbine on cisplatin resistance of human lung cancer cell line A549/DDP]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:148-54. [PMID: 24581167 PMCID: PMC6000056 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.02.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 肺癌细胞耐药已经成为肺癌化疗的主要困难之一,异长春花碱被认为可有效抑制肺癌细胞的增殖和转移。本研究旨在探讨异长春花碱对人肺癌A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐受性的逆转作用及机制。 方法 1 μmol/L和5 μmol/L异长春花碱作用A549/DDP细胞后,应用MTS法检测肿瘤细胞顺铂敏感性的变化,应用流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞凋亡率变化,肿瘤细胞对Rh-123摄入量的变化,Western blot法检测MDR1、Bcl-2、survivin、caspase-3/8和PTEN蛋白表达以及Akt的磷酸化水平的变化,real-time PCR检测MDR1、Bcl-2、survivin和PTEN的mRNA表达,用报告基因系统检测NF-κB、Twist和Snail的转录活性。 结果 1 μmol/L和5 μmol/L异长春花碱作用A549/DDP细胞后,肿瘤细胞对顺铂的敏感性分别提高了1.91倍和2.54倍,肿瘤细胞对Rh-123的摄入量提高了1.93倍和2.95倍,细胞凋亡增加了2.25倍和3.82倍,MDR1、Bcl-2、survivin蛋白表达和Akt磷酸化水平下调,caspase-3/8和PTEN蛋白表达上调,MDR1的mRNA表达下调43.5%和25.8%,Bcl-2的mRNA表达下调57.3%和34.1%,survivin的mRNA表达下调37.6%和12.4%,PTEN表达上调183.4%和154.2%,NF-κB转录活性下降53.2%和34.5%,Twist转录活性下降61.4%和33.5%,Snail转录活性下降57.8%和18.7%。 结论 异长春花碱可提高肿瘤细胞A549/DDP对顺铂的敏感性,其机制可能与调节PTEN/AKT/NF-κB信号路径活性,进而下调耐药基因表达,上调促凋亡基因表达有关。
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Hematology, Blood Diseases Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Huiqiang Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Weizhen Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Zhang K, Wang X, Wang H. Effect and mechanism of Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib on the drug-resistance reversal of human A549/DDP cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cell line. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2065-72. [PMID: 25109654 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of tumor cell drug resistance is the primary reason for treatment failure in lung cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, overcoming multidrug resistance is currently an urgent issue to be addressed in lung cancer treatment. Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with confirmed inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis; however, the effects of sunitinib and mechanisms of action in lung cancer multidrug resistance are yet to be determined. The present study was designed to examine the effects of sunitinib and the mechanisms underlying lung cancer multidrug resistance. It was observed that sunitinib was able to improve the sensitivity of A549/DDP lung cancer cells to cisplatin, enhance tumor apoptosis, arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, upregulate intracellular Rh-123 content, downregulate the expression of P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance protein 1, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, lung resistance protein, glutathione-S-transferase, ERCC1, survivin and Bcl-2 in tumor cells, phosphorylation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), glutathione activity, and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB, Twist, Snail and AP-1. The results demonstrated that sunitinib was able to reverse the multidrug resistance of A549/DDP lung cancer cells, which was possibly associated with the downregulation of multidrug resistance-associated gene expression and the inhibition of AKT and ERK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Parnham MJ, Erakovic Haber V, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Perletti G, Verleden GM, Vos R. Azithromycin: mechanisms of action and their relevance for clinical applications. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:225-45. [PMID: 24631273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, quorum-sensing and reduces the formation of biofilm. Accumulating effectively in cells, particularly phagocytes, it is delivered in high concentrations to sites of infection, as reflected in rapid plasma clearance and extensive tissue distribution. Azithromycin is indicated for respiratory, urogenital, dermal and other bacterial infections, and exerts immunomodulatory effects in chronic inflammatory disorders, including diffuse panbronchiolitis, post-transplant bronchiolitis and rosacea. Modulation of host responses facilitates its long-term therapeutic benefit in cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-eosinophilic asthma. Initial, stimulatory effects of azithromycin on immune and epithelial cells, involving interactions with phospholipids and Erk1/2, are followed by later modulation of transcription factors AP-1, NFκB, inflammatory cytokine and mucin release. Delayed inhibitory effects on cell function and high lysosomal accumulation accompany disruption of protein and intracellular lipid transport, regulation of surface receptor expression, of macrophage phenotype and autophagy. These later changes underlie many immunomodulatory effects of azithromycin, contributing to resolution of acute infections and reduction of exacerbations in chronic airway diseases. A sub-group of post-transplant bronchiolitis patients appears to be sensitive to azithromycin, as may be patients with severe sepsis. Other promising indications include chronic prostatitis and periodontitis, but weak activity in malaria is unlikely to prove crucial. Long-term administration of azithromycin must be balanced against the potential for increased bacterial resistance. Azithromycin has a very good record of safety, but recent reports indicate rare cases of cardiac torsades des pointes in patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology for Life Scientists, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | | | - Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece; Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Gianpaolo Perletti
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto A., Varese, Italy; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Geert M Verleden
- Respiratory Division, Lung Transplantation Unit, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Robin Vos
- Respiratory Division, Lung Transplantation Unit, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium.
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Jin Y, Wang Q, Wang G, Zhang X, Yan B, Hu W. ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism and the risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 18:164-73. [PMID: 24328528 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2013.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCB1) plays a critical role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests that common functional polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene might have an impact on an individual's susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD), but individually published results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship between ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism and CHD risk. METHOD An extensive literary search for relevant studies was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CISCOM, CINAHL, Google Scholar, China BioMedicine (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases from their inception through August 1st, 2013. Meta-analysis was performed using the STATA 12.0 software. The crude odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS Seven clinical studies were included with a total of 13,074 CHD patients, including 378 variant angina pectoris (VAP) patients, 2290 myocardial infarction (MI) patients, and 10,406 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Our meta-analysis results indicated that ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of CHD, especially for MI and ACS among Caucasian populations. However, no statistically significant association was found between ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism and VAP risk, especially among Asian populations. Meta-regression analyses showed that clinical subtype and ethnicity may be the main sources of heterogeneity. No publication bias was detected in this meta-analysis. CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis suggests that ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism may contribute to the risk of CHD, especially for MI and ACS, among Caucasian populations. Thus, detection of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism may be a promising biomarker for the early detection of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhe Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Domitrović R, Cvijanović O, Pugel EP, Zagorac GB, Mahmutefendić H, Škoda M. Luteolin ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice through inhibition of platinum accumulation, inflammation and apoptosis in the kidney. Toxicology 2013; 310:115-23. [PMID: 23770416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flavone luteolin against cisplatin (CP)-induced kidney injury in mice. Luteolin at doses of 10mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally (ip) once daily for 3 days following single CP (10 or 20mg/kg) ip injection. Mice were sacrificed 24h after the last dose of luteolin. The CP treatment significantly increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and induced pathohistological changes in the kidneys. Renal oxidative/nitrosative stress was evidenced by decreased glutathione (GSH) levels and increased 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) formation as well as cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression. The CP administration triggered inflammatory response in mice kidneys through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Simultaneously, the increase in renal p53 and caspase-3 expression indicated apoptosis of tubular cells. The administration of luteolin significantly reduced histological and biochemical changes induced by CP, decreased platinum (Pt) levels and suppressed oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the kidneys. These results suggest that luteolin is an effective nephroprotective agent, with potential to reduce Pt accumulation in the kidneys and ameliorate CP-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Domitrović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
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Wallace SJ, Nation RL, Li J, Boyd BJ. Physicochemical aspects of the coformulation of colistin and azithromycin using liposomes for combination antibiotic therapies. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:1578-87. [PMID: 23526658 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Remote loading of azithromycin into liposomes, and subsequent release behavior in the presence of colistin, has been investigated with a view to understand the potential of liposomes to enable the coformulation of these two antibiotics for application in inhalation therapy. Azithromycin was successfully encapsulated into liposomes by remote loading (encapsulation efficiency > 98%). Slow release of azithromycin was achieved in the presence of cholesterol in a concentration-dependent manner, with a 4:1 mol ratio of phospholipid-cholesterol releasing 22% azithromycin in 24 h, whereas a 2:1 mol ratio released only 4.9% of azithromycin in 24 h. Addition of colistin to the formulation with increasing concentration did not change the loading behavior, but accelerated drug release, increasing the percentage of released azithromycin from 4.9% to 30% over 24 h. The permeabilizing ability of colistin on liposomes is consistent with its permeabilizing effect on bacterial cells. This behavior opens opportunities to tailor the release rate of drugs coformulated with colistin using liposomes as the carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Wallace
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
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Placental ABC transporters, cellular toxicity and stress in pregnancy. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 203:456-66. [PMID: 23524238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The human placenta, in addition to its roles as a nutrient transfer and endocrine organ, functions as a selective barrier to protect the fetus against the harmful effects of exogenous and endogenous toxins. Members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transport proteins limit the entry of xenobiotics into the fetal circulation via vectorial efflux from the placenta to the maternal circulation. Several members of the ABC family, including proteins from the ABCA, ABCB, ABCC and ABCG subfamilies, have been shown to be functional in the placenta with clinically significant roles in xenobiotic efflux. However, recent findings suggest that these transporters also protect placental tissue by preventing the cellular accumulation of cytotoxic compounds such as lipids, sterols and their derivatives. Such protective functions are likely to be particularly important in pregnancies complicated by inflammatory or oxidative stress, where the generation of toxic metabolites is enhanced. For example, ABC transporters have been shown to protect against the harmful effects of hypoxia and oxidative stress through increased expression and efflux of oxysterols and glutathione conjugated xenobiotics. However, this protective capacity may be diminished in response to the same stressors. Several studies in primary human trophoblast cells and animal models have demonstrated decreased expression and activity of placental ABC transporters with inflammatory, oxidative or metabolic stress. Several clinical studies in pregnancies complicated by inflammatory conditions such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes support these findings, although further studies are required to determine the clinical relevance of the relationships between placental ABC transporter expression and activity, and placental function in stressed pregnancies. Such studies are necessary to fully understand the consequences of pregnancy disorders on placental function and viability in order to optimise pregnancy care and maximise fetal growth and health.
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Munić Kos V, Koštrun S, Fajdetić A, Bosnar M, Kelnerić Ž, Stepanić V, Eraković Haber V. Structure-property relationship for cellular accumulation of macrolones in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 49:206-19. [PMID: 23474356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrolones are a new class of antimicrobial compounds consisting of a macrolide scaffold linked to a 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid moiety via C(4″) position of a macrolide. As macrolides are known to possess favorable pharmacokinetic properties by accumulating in inflammatory cells, in this study we determined the intensity of accumulation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) of 57 compounds of the macrolone class and analyzed the relationship between the molecular structure and this cellular pharmacokinetic property. Accumulation of macrolones ranged from 0 to 5.5-fold higher than the standard macrolide azithromycin. Distinct structural features in all three considered molecule parts: the macrolide scaffold, quinolone moiety and the linker, affect cellular accumulation. Interestingly, while the parent macrolide, azithromycin, accumulates approximately 3-fold more than clarithromycin, among macrolones all clarithromycin derivatives accumulated in PMNs significantly more than their azithromycin counterparts. Modeling cellular accumulation of macrolones with simple molecular descriptors, as well as with the measured octanol-water distribution coefficient, revealed that the number of hydrogen bond donors and secondary amide groups negatively contribute to macrolone accumulation, while lipophilicity makes a positive contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Munić Kos
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Tomašković L, Komac M, Makaruha Stegić O, Munić V, Ralić J, Stanić B, Banjanac M, Marković S, Hrvačić B, Čipčić Paljetak H, Padovan J, Glojnarić I, Eraković Haber V, Mesić M, Merćep M. Macrolactonolides: a novel class of anti-inflammatory compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2012. [PMID: 23199485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A new concept in design of safe glucocorticoid therapy was introduced by conjugating potent glucocorticoid steroids with macrolides (macrolactonolides). These compounds were synthesized from various steroid 17β-carboxylic acids and 9a-N-(3-aminoalkyl) derivatives of 9-deokso-9a-aza-9a-homoeritromicin A and 3-descladinosyl-9-deokso-9a-aza-9a-homoeritromicin A using stable alkyl chain. Combining property of macrolides to preferentially accumulate in immune cells, especially in phagocyte cells, with anti-inflammatory activity of classic steroids, we designed molecules which showed good anti-inflammatory activity in ovalbumin (OVA) induced asthma in rats. The synthesis, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of this novel class of compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Tomašković
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Limited, Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Matijašić M, Munić Kos V, Nujić K, Čužić S, Padovan J, Kragol G, Alihodžić S, Mildner B, Verbanac D, Eraković Haber V. Fluorescently labeled macrolides as a tool for monitoring cellular and tissue distribution of azithromycin. Pharmacol Res 2012; 66:332-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Delivery of P-glycoprotein substrates using chemosensitizers and nanotechnology for selective and efficient therapeutic outcomes. J Control Release 2012; 161:50-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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43
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Nguyen TL, Cera MR, Pinto A, Presti LL, Hamel E, Conti P, Gussio R, De Wulf P. Evading Pgp activity in drug-resistant cancer cells: a structural and functional study of antitubulin furan metotica compounds. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:1103-11. [PMID: 22442310 PMCID: PMC3349764 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor resistance to antitubulin drugs resulting from P-glycoprotein (Pgp) drug-efflux activity, increased expression of the βIII tubulin isotype, and alterations in the drug-binding sites are major obstacles in cancer therapy. Consequently, novel antitubulin drugs that overcome these challenges are of substantial interest. Here, we study a novel chemotype named furan metotica that localizes to the colchicine-binding site in β-tubulin, inhibits tubulin polymerization, and is not antagonized by Pgp. To elucidate the structure-activity properties of this chiral chemotype, the enantiomers of its most potent member were separated and their absolute configurations determined by X-ray crystallography. Both isomers were active and inhibited all 60 primary cancer cell lines tested at the U.S. National Cancer Institute. They also efficiently killed drug-resistant cancer cells that overexpressed the Pgp drug-efflux pump 10(6)-fold. In vitro, the R-isomer inhibited tubulin polymerization at least 4-fold more potently than the S-isomer, whereas in human cells the difference was 30-fold. Molecular modeling showed that the two isomers bind to β-tubulin in distinct manners: the R-isomer binds in a colchicine-like mode and the S-isomer in a podophyllotoxin-like fashion. In addition, the dynamic binding trajectory and occupancy state of the R-isomer were energetically more favorable then those of the S-isomer, explaining the observed differences in biologic activities. The ability of a racemic drug to assume the binding modes of two prototypical colchicine-site binders represents a novel mechanistic basis for antitubulin activity and paves the way toward a comprehensive design of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam Luong Nguyen
- Target Structure-Based Drug Discovery Group, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick (MD), USA
| | - Maria Rosaria Cera
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “Pietro Pratesi”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Elettrochimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick (MD), USA
| | - Paola Conti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “Pietro Pratesi”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rick Gussio
- Information Technology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick (MD), USA
| | - Peter De Wulf
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Peters J, Eggers K, Oswald S, Block W, Lütjohann D, Lämmer M, Venner M, Siegmund W. Clarithromycin Is Absorbed by an Intestinal Uptake Mechanism That Is Sensitive to Major Inhibition by Rifampicin: Results of a Short-Term Drug Interaction Study in Foals. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 40:522-8. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.042267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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45
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Padovan J, Ralić J, Letfus V, Milić A, Bencetić Mihaljević V. Investigating the barriers to bioavailability of macrolide antibiotics in the rat. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2011; 37:163-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-011-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Stepanić V, Ziher D, Gabelica-Marković V, Jelić D, Nunhuck S, Valko K, Koštrun S. Physicochemical profile of macrolides and their comparison with small molecules. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 47:462-72. [PMID: 22152985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Macrolides are stereospecific macrolactones of high molecular weights. Herein, 600 mostly semisynthetic macrolides are compared with 50,000 small non-macrolide synthetic molecules in terms of measured physicochemical properties in order to assess the drug-likeness and developability chances of macrolides. The pre-selected set of diverse macrolides is comprised mostly of derivatives of clarithromycin and azithromycin cores. Lipophilicity (CHI logD), affinity for immobilized artificial membranes (CHI IAM), human serum albumin (HSA) and α(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) plasma protein bindings (PPB), DMSO precipitative solubility as well as artificial membrane permeability (AMP) have been determined by high-throughput screening methods. It has been found that macrolides and small molecules have similar lipophilicity profiles, though macrolides show weaker PPB and have better solubility than small discovery molecules. However, macrolides are poorly permeable and have high affinity for immobilized artificial membranes signifying their strong interaction with biological phospholipids. In order to retain the drug-like profile, the design of novel macrolide molecules should be focused on optimisation of macrolide cores, that is macrolactone moiety with sugars and other small substituents avoiding large substituents and flexible linkers such as in conjugate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Višnja Stepanić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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47
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Krawczyk S, Otto M, Otto A, Coburger C, Krug M, Seifert M, Tell V, Molnár J, Hilgeroth A. Discovery of pyridine-2-ones as novel class of multidrug resistance (MDR) modulators: First structure–activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6309-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Intensity of macrolide anti-inflammatory activity in J774A.1 cells positively correlates with cellular accumulation and phospholipidosis. Pharmacol Res 2011; 64:298-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Peters J, Block W, Oswald S, Freyer J, Grube M, Kroemer HK, Lämmer M, Lütjohann D, Venner M, Siegmund W. Oral Absorption of Clarithromycin Is Nearly Abolished by Chronic Comedication of Rifampicin in Foals. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:1643-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.039206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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50
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Munić V, Hlevnjak M, Eraković Haber V. Characterization of rhodamine-123, calcein and 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (CDCF) export via MRP2 (ABCC2) in MES-SA and A549 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 43:359-69. [PMID: 21605668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Based on our initial results on the effects of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter inhibitors on rhodamine-123 efflux from A549, a human lung carcinoma, and MES-SA, a human uterine sarcoma cell line, the aim of this study was to identify the transporter responsible for this export. Export of two fluorescent dyes, rhodamine-123 and calcein, was investigated in both cell lines by testing five commonly used inhibitors of ABC transporters: verapamil, cyclosporin A, MK571, GF129018 and fumitremorgin C. A very high degree of correlation (R(2)=0.91-0.99) between results obtained in the two cell lines suggested that the same transporter was involved in the export of tested fluorescent substrates in both cell lines. Expression analysis and gene silencing techniques, as well as transport of additional substrate 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (CDCF) on membrane vesicles revealed that the transporter was multidrug resistance related protein 2 (MRP2, ABCC2). Furthermore, it was found that the tested modulators showed very diverse effects on the export of three fluorescent substrates via MRP2, with some modulators being inhibitory in one, while having no effect or even stimulating the transport in the other fluorescent dye assay. Verapamil inhibited rhodamine-123, but stimulated CDCF transport and did not affect calcein export. GF129018 did not affect calcein and CDCF transport, but it inhibited rhodamine-123 transport. These results demonstrate the importance of studying various combinations of potential substrates and modulators of MRP2 in order to estimate possible drug-drug interactions in living organisms. In addition, A549 and MES-SA cells were shown to be good cell models for studying interactions of compounds with human MRP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Munić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, Zagreb, Croatia.
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