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Yang L, Chen H, Gao H, Wang Y, Chen T, Svartengren M, Norbäck D, Wei J, Zheng X, Zhang L, Lu C, Yu W, Wang T, Ji JS, Meng X, Zhao Z, Zhang X. Prenatal and postnatal early life exposure to greenness and particulate matter of different size fractions in relation to childhood rhinitis - A multi-center study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173402. [PMID: 38797418 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The impact of early life exposure to residential greenness on childhood rhinitis and its interaction with particulate matter (PM) of different size fractions remain inconsistent. Herein, we recruited 40,486 preschool children from randomly selected daycare centers in 7 cities in China from 2019 to 2020, and estimated exposure to residential greenness by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with a 500 m buffer. Exposure to ambient PM (PM1, PM2.5, and PM10) was evaluated using a satellite-based prediction model (daily, at a resolution of 1 km × 1 km). By mixed-effect logistic regression, NDVI values during pregnancy, in the first (0-1 year old) and the second (1-2 years old) year of life were negatively associated with lifetime rhinitis (LR) and current rhinitis (CR) (P < 0.001). PM in the same time windows was associated with increased risks of LR and CR in children, with smaller size fraction of PM showing greater associations. The negative associations between prenatal and postnatal NDVI and LR and CR in preschool children remained robust after adjusting for concomitant exposure to PM, whereas the associations of postnatal NDVI and rhinitis showed significant interactions with PM. At lower levels of PM, postnatal NDVI remained negatively associated with rhinitis and was partly mediated by PM (10.0-40.9 %), while at higher levels of PM, the negative associations disappeared or even turned positive. The cut-off levels of PM were identified for each size fraction of PM. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to greenness had robust impacts in lowering the risk of childhood rhinitis, while postnatal exposure to greenness depended on the co-exposure levels to PM. This study revealed the complex interplay of greenness and PM on rhinitis in children. The exposure time window in prenatal or postnatal period and postnatal concomitant PM levels played important roles in influencing the associations between greenness, PM and rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiyu Gao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Tianyi Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Magnus Svartengren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chan Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Nursing & Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China; IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China; IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Pu F, Chen W, Li C, Fu J, Gao W, Ma C, Cao X, Zhang L, Hao M, Zhou J, Huang R, Ma Y, Hu K, Liu Z. Heterogeneous associations of multiplexed environmental factors and multidimensional aging metrics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4921. [PMID: 38858361 PMCID: PMC11164970 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Complicated associations between multiplexed environmental factors and aging are poorly understood. We manipulated aging using multidimensional metrics such as phenotypic age, brain age, and brain volumes in the UK Biobank. Weighted quantile sum regression was used to examine the relative individual contributions of multiplexed environmental factors to aging, and self-organizing maps (SOMs) were used to examine joint effects. Air pollution presented a relatively large contribution in most cases. We also found fair heterogeneities in which the same environmental factor contributed inconsistently to different aging metrics. Particulate matter contributed the most to variance in aging, while noise and green space showed considerable contribution to brain volumes. SOM identified five subpopulations with distinct environmental exposure patterns and the air pollution subpopulation had the worst aging status. This study reveals the heterogeneous associations of multiplexed environmental factors with multidimensional aging metrics and serves as a proof of concept when analyzing multifactors and multiple outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Pu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiran Chen
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingqiao Fu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijing Gao
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingqi Cao
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kejia Hu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Aguilar-Lacasaña S, Fontes Marques I, de Castro M, Dadvand P, Escribà X, Fossati S, González JR, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Alfano R, Annesi-Maesano I, Brescianini S, Burrows K, Calas L, Elhakeem A, Heude B, Hough A, Isaevska E, W V Jaddoe V, Lawlor DA, Monaghan G, Nawrot T, Plusquin M, Richiardi L, Watmuff A, Yang TC, Vrijheid M, F Felix J, Bustamante M. Green space exposure and blood DNA methylation at birth and in childhood - A multi-cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108684. [PMID: 38776651 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Green space exposure has been associated with improved mental, physical and general health. However, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between green space exposure and cord and child blood DNA methylation. Data from eight European birth cohorts with a total of 2,988 newborns and 1,849 children were used. Two indicators of residential green space exposure were assessed: (i) surrounding greenness (satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in buffers of 100 m and 300 m) and (ii) proximity to green space (having a green space ≥ 5,000 m2 within a distance of 300 m). For these indicators we assessed two exposure windows: (i) pregnancy, and (ii) the period from pregnancy to child blood DNA methylation assessment, named as cumulative exposure. DNA methylation was measured with the Illumina 450K or EPIC arrays. To identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) we fitted robust linear regression models between pregnancy green space exposure and cord blood DNA methylation and between cumulative green space exposure and child blood DNA methylation. Two sensitivity analyses were conducted: (i) without adjusting for cellular composition, and (ii) adjusting for air pollution. Cohort results were combined through fixed-effect inverse variance weighted meta-analyses. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified from meta-analysed results using the Enmix-combp and DMRcate methods. There was no statistical evidence of pregnancy or cumulative exposures associating with any DMP (False Discovery Rate, FDR, p-value < 0.05). However, surrounding greenness exposure was inversely associated with four DMRs (three in cord blood and one in child blood) annotated to ADAMTS2, KCNQ1DN, SLC6A12 and SDK1 genes. Results did not change substantially in the sensitivity analyses. Overall, we found little evidence of the association between green space exposure and blood DNA methylation. Although we identified associations between surrounding greenness exposure with four DMRs, these findings require replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Aguilar-Lacasaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene Fontes Marques
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Xavier Escribà
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Juan R González
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IDESP), Montpellier University and Inserm, Montpellier, Service des Maladies Allergiques et Respiratoires, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Brescianini
- Centre for Behavioural Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Elhakeem
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Amy Hough
- Born in Bradford, Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Elena Isaevska
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Genevieve Monaghan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Aidan Watmuff
- Born in Bradford, Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Tiffany C Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
| | - Janine F Felix
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain
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4
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Chen N, Mita C, Chowdhury-Paulino IM, Shreves AH, Hu CR, Yi L, James P. The built environment and cancer survivorship: A scoping review. Health Place 2024; 86:103206. [PMID: 38387361 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are more than 32 million cancer survivors worldwide. The built environment is one of the contextual factors that may influence cancer survivorship. However, studies investigating the interdisciplinary field of the built environment and cancer survivorship are lacking. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature regarding the relationship between the built environment and cancer survivorship, identify any knowledge gaps, and recommend future research directions. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed by searching OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection. RESULTS Of 4235 unique records identified, 26 studies met eligibility criteria. Neighborhood walkability and greenness were the most examined built environment characteristics among the included studies. Walkability was found to be associated with various cancer survivorship experience, including increased levels of physical activity, lowered body mass index, and improved quality of life. The association between greenness and cancer survivorship outcomes were inconsistent across the included studies. Additionally, studies have reported the relationship between light and noise pollution and sleep among cancer survivors. Regarding blue space, in one qualitative study, breast cancer survivors brought up the healing properties of water. CONCLUSION Our scoping review demonstrated a breadth of current cancer survivorship research in the field of neighborhood walkability and greenness, but fewer studies detailing other aspects of the built environment as defined by this review, such as light pollution, noise pollution, and blue space. We identified future research directions for those interested in this interdisciplinary field, which can provide insights for urban planners and policy makers on how to best leverage the built environment to promote the health and wellbeing of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carol Mita
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alaina H Shreves
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cindy R Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, USA
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5
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Egorov AI, Griffin SM, Styles JN, Kobylanski J, Klein J, Wickersham L, Ritter R, Sams E, Hudgens EE, Wade TJ. Time outdoors and residential greenness are associated with reduced systemic inflammation and allostatic load. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123408. [PMID: 38278402 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Contacts with nature are linked with reduced morbidity and mortality. Hypothesized pathways include relaxation, physical activity, and improved immune function. This cross-sectional study of 320 adults in central North Carolina assessed health benefits of residential greenness using allostatic load (AL) and systemic inflammation (INFL) indices, composite biomarker-based measures of physiological dysregulation and inflammation, respectively. Distance-to-residence weighted tree cover and vegetated land cover measures were estimated within 500 m of each residence; 37 biomarkers of immune, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and metabolic functions were dichotomized at distribution or health-based cut-offs. AL was calculated as a sum of potentially unhealthy values of all biomarkers; INFL was based on a subset of 18 immune biomarkers. Regression analysis used generalized additive models for Poisson-distributed outcome. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in tree cover was associated with 0.89 (95 % Confidence Limits 0.82; 0.97) and 0.90 (0.79; 1.03)-fold change in AL and INFL, respectively. Greater daily outdoor time was associated with reduced AL and INFL, while leisure screen time, problems with sleeping, and common chronic infections were linked with increased AL and INFL. Among 138 individuals spending more than 1 h outdoors daily, an IQR increase in tree cover was associated with 0.76 (0.67; 0.86) and 0.81 (0.65; 1.02)-fold changes in AL and INFL, respectively. Among individuals with residential tree cover above the 50th percentile, spending more than 3 h outdoors daily was associated with 0.54 (0.37; 0.78) and 0.28 (0.15; 0.54)-fold changes in AL and INFL, respectively, compared to spending less than 30 min outdoors; there were no significant effects in the low tree cover stratum. Consistent but weaker effects were observed for vegetated land cover. Interaction effects of tree and vegetative cover and time spent outdoors on AL and INFL were statistically significant. This biomarker-based approach can help to assess public health benefits of green spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey I Egorov
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Shannon M Griffin
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer N Styles
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason Kobylanski
- ORAU Student Services Contractor, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jo Klein
- ORAU Student Services Contractor, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Lindsay Wickersham
- ORAU Student Services Contractor, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca Ritter
- ORAU Student Services Contractor, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sams
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Edward E Hudgens
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Timothy J Wade
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Yang Z, Liao J, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Ge Y, Chen W, Qiu C, Berhane K, Bai Z, Han B, Xu J, Jiang YH, Gilliland F, Yan W, Chen Z, Huang G, Zhang J(J. Critical windows of greenness exposure during preconception and gestational periods in association with birthweight outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, HEALTH : ERH 2024; 2:015001. [PMID: 38022394 PMCID: PMC10647935 DOI: 10.1088/2752-5309/ad0aa6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between greenness exposure and birth outcomes. This study aims to identify critical exposure time windows during preconception and pregnancy for the association between greenness exposure and birth weight. A cohort of 13 890 pregnant women and newborns in Shanghai, China from 2016-2019 were included in the study. We assessed greenness exposure using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) during the preconception and gestational periods, and evaluated the association with term birthweight, birthweight z-score, small-for-gestational age, and large-for-gestational age using linear and logistic regressions adjusting for key maternal and newborn covariates. Ambient temperature, relative humidity, ambient levels of fine particles (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) assessed during the same period were adjusted for as sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we explored the potential different effects by urbanicity and park accessibility through stratified analysis. We found that higher greenness exposure at the second trimester of pregnancy and averaged exposure during the entire pregnancy were associated with higher birthweight and birthweight Z-score. Specifically, a 0.1 unit increase in second trimester averaged NDVI value was associated with an increase in birthweight of 10.2 g (95% CI: 1.8-18.5 g) and in birthweight Z-score of 0.024 (0.003-0.045). A 0.1 unit increase in an averaged NDVI during the entire pregnancy was associated with 10.1 g (95% CI: 1.0-19.2 g) increase in birthweight and 0.025 (0.001-0.048) increase in birthweight Z-score. Moreover, the associations were larger in effect size among urban residents than suburban residents and among residents without park accessibility within 500 m compared to those with park accessibility within 500 m. Our findings suggest that increased greenness exposure, particularly during the second trimester, may be beneficial to birth weight in a metropolitan area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchun Yang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Jiawen Liao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhang
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yihui Ge
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Chenyu Qiu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Weili Yan
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Guoying Huang
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfeng (Jim) Zhang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Division of Environmental Science and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
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Nwanaji-Enwerem U, McGeary JE, Grigsby-Toussaint DS. Greenspace, stress, and health: how is epigenetics involved? Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333737. [PMID: 38435282 PMCID: PMC10906089 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Most expositions of the association between green space and overall health and well-being focus on psychosocial mechanisms. However, discussions of the biological underpinnings of the exposure to green space and health implications are limited. In this paper, we highlight the role epigenetics plays in the manifestation or suppression of stress, in addition to some of the proposed epigenetic mechanisms through which green space mitigates stress. The Health: Epigenetics, Greenspace and Stress (HEGS) model is introduced to explicate this association, and suggestions for research to build the evidence base in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugoji Nwanaji-Enwerem
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - John E. McGeary
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Diana S. Grigsby-Toussaint
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
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8
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Li Z, Wan J, Peng S, Wang R, Dai Z, Liu C, Feng Y, Xiang H. Associations between cold spells of different time types and coronary heart disease severity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123100. [PMID: 38070638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Limited evidence showed the association between cold spells and the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study was to investigate the association between cold spells with their different time types and CHD severity. We collected data on CHD patients admitted to the Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China from 2016 to 2021. CHD severity was quantified using the SYNTAX score and transformed into a binomial variable. Daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature were collected during the study period. We first used daily mean temperature to find the optimum definition among multiple thresholds and durations. The daily maximum and minimum temperatures were used to define different types of cold spells (daytime, nighttime and compound) based on the optimum definition. Annual cold spell days were included to assess individual exposure to cold spells. Logistic regression models were performed to fit the association between cold spell days and CHD severity stratified by different tertiles of PM2.5 and NDVI. In this study, 1937 CHD patients were included. The cold spell defined as at least four consecutive days with daily mean temperature below the 5th percentile exhibited the optimum model. We found that a 4-day increase in cold spell days was associated with more severe CHD (OR = 1.170, 95% CI: 1.074, 1.282). Such an association was more pronounced under higher levels of PM2.5 by OR = 1.270 (1.086, 1.494) and lower levels of greenness by OR = 1.240 (1.044, 1.476). Compared with daytime and compound cold spells, nighttime cold spells showed the strongest association with CHD severity by OR = 1.141 (1.026, 1.269). This study showed that exposure to cold spells was positively associated with CHD severity, especially the nighttime cold spells. The association between cold spells and CHD severity was more significant in high levels of PM2.5 and low levels of greenness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Shouxin Peng
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhongli Dai
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cuiyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Yujia Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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9
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Marques I, Santos S, Monasso GS, Fossati S, Vrijheid M, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Jaddoe VWV, Felix JF. Associations of green and blue space exposure in pregnancy with epigenetic gestational age acceleration. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2165321. [PMID: 36628941 PMCID: PMC9980449 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2165321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life is seen as a particularly sensitive period for environmental exposures. Natural space exposure during pregnancy has been associated with offspring health. Epigenetic gestational age acceleration, a discrepancy between clinical and DNA methylation-based gestational age, may underlie these associations. In 1359 mother-newborn pairs from the population-based Generation R Study, we examined the associations of natural space exposure, defined as surrounding greenness, distance to major green and blue (water) space, and size of the blue space during pregnancy with offspring epigenetic gestational age acceleration. Natural space exposure was based on participants' geocoded addresses, and epigenetic gestational age acceleration was calculated from cord blood DNA methylation using Bohlin's and Knight's epigenetic clocks. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in a subgroup of newborns with optimal pregnancy dating, based on last menstrual period. Surrounding greenness, measured in normalized difference vegetation index values, was intermediate (median 0.4, IQR 0.2), and 84% and 56% of the participants had a major green or blue space near their home address, respectively. We did not observe associations of natural space availability during pregnancy with offspring epigenetic gestational age acceleration. This could imply that epigenetic gestational age acceleration in cord blood does not underlie the effects of residential natural space availability in pregnancy on offspring health. Future studies could investigate whether residential natural space availability during pregnancy is associated with offspring differential DNA methylation at other CpGs than those included in the epigenetic gestational clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marques
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Giulietta S Monasso
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janine F Felix
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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10
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Lai KY, Webster C, Gallacher JE, Sarkar C. Associations of Urban Built Environment with Cardiovascular Risks and Mortality: a Systematic Review. J Urban Health 2023; 100:745-787. [PMID: 37580546 PMCID: PMC10447831 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
With rapid urbanization, built environment has emerged as a set of modifiable factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence on the associations of attributes of urban built environment (e.g. residential density, land use mix, greenness and walkability) with cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. hypertension and arterial stiffness) and major CVD events including mortality. A total of 63 studies, including 31 of cross-sectional design and 32 of longitudinal design conducted across 21 geographical locations and published between 2012 and 2023 were extracted for review. Overall, we report moderately consistent evidence of protective associations of greenness with cardiovascular risks and major CVD events (cross-sectional studies: 12 of 15 on hypertension/blood pressure (BP) and 2 of 3 on arterial stiffness; and longitudinal studies: 6 of 8 on hypertension/BP, 7 of 8 on CVD mortality, 3 of 3 on ischemic heart disease mortality and 5 of 8 studies on stroke hospitalization or mortality reporting significant inverse associations). Consistently, walkability was associated with lower risks of hypertension, arterial stiffness and major CVD events (cross-sectional studies: 11 of 12 on hypertension/BP and 1 of 1 on arterial stiffness; and longitudinal studies: 3 of 6 on hypertension/BP and 1 of 2 studies on CVD events being protective). Sixty-seven percent of the studies were rated as "probably high" risk of confounding bias because of inability to adjust for underlying comorbidities/family history of diseases in their statistical models. Forty-six percent and 14% of the studies were rated as "probably high" risk of bias for exposure and outcome measurements, respectively. Future studies with robust design will further help elucidate the linkages between urban built environment and cardiovascular health, thereby informing planning policies for creating healthy cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yan Lai
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Chris Webster
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Urban Systems Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - John Ej Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
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11
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Kim K, Joyce BT, Nannini DR, Zheng Y, Gordon-Larsen P, Shikany JM, Lloyd-Jones DM, Hu M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Vaughan DE, Zhang K, Hou L. Inequalities in urban greenness and epigenetic aging: Different associations by race and neighborhood socioeconomic status. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8140. [PMID: 37379393 PMCID: PMC10306284 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Slower epigenetic aging is associated with exposure to green space (greenness); however, the longitudinal relationship has not been well studied, particularly in minority groups. We investigated the association between 20-year exposure to greenness [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)] and epigenetic aging in a large, biracial (Black/white), U.S. urban cohort. Using generalized estimating equations adjusted for individual and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, greater greenness was associated with slower epigenetic aging. Black participants had less surrounding greenness and an attenuated association between greenness and epigenetic aging [βNDVI5km: -0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.75, 3.13 versus βNDVI5km: -3.03, 95% CI: -5.63, -0.43 in white participants]. Participants in disadvantaged neighborhoods showed a stronger association between greenness and epigenetic aging (βNDVI5km: -3.36, 95% CI: -6.65, -0.08 versus βNDVI5km: -1.57, 95% CI: -4.12, 0.96 in less disadvantaged). In conclusion, we found a relationship between greenness and slower epigenetic aging, and different associations by social determinants of health such as race and neighborhood socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeezu Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Joyce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Drew R. Nannini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James M. Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Douglas E. Vaughan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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Abstract
As the world's population becomes increasingly urbanized, there is growing concern about the impact of urban environments on cardiovascular health. Urban residents are exposed to a variety of adverse environmental exposures throughout their lives, including air pollution, built environment, and lack of green space, which may contribute to the development of early cardiovascular disease and related risk factors. While epidemiological studies have examined the role of a few environmental factors with early cardiovascular disease, the relationship with the broader environment remains poorly defined. In this article, we provide a brief overview of studies that have examined the impact of the environment including the built physical environment, discuss current challenges in the field, and suggest potential directions for future research. Additionally, we highlight the clinical implications of these findings and propose multilevel interventions to promote cardiovascular health among children and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yuanfei Li
- Department of Sociology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Juyong Brian Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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13
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Panczak R, Berlin C, Voorpostel M, Zwahlen M, Egger M. The Swiss neighbourhood index of socioeconomic position: update and re-validation. Swiss Med Wkly 2023; 153:40028. [PMID: 36652707 DOI: 10.57187/smw.2023.40028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widely used Swiss neighbourhood index of socioeconomic position (Swiss-SEP 1) was based on data from the 2000 national census on rent, household head education and occupation, and crowding. It may now be out of date. METHODS We created a new index (Swiss-SEP 2) based on the 2012-2015 yearly micro censuses that have replaced the decennial house-to-house census in Switzerland since 2010. We used principal component analysis on neighbourhood-aggregated variables and standardised the index. We also created a hybrid version (Swiss-SEP 3), with updated values for neighbourhoods centred on buildings constructed after the year 2000 and original values for the remaining neighbourhoods. RESULTS A total of 1.54 million neighbourhoods were included. With all three indices, the mean yearly equivalised household income increased from around 52,000 to 90,000 CHF from the lowest to the highest index decile. Analyses of mortality were based on 33.6 million person-years of follow-up. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality comparing areas in the lowest Swiss-SEP decile with areas of the highest decile were 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-1.41), 1.31 (1.29-1.33) and 1.34 (1.32-1.37) using the old, new and hybrid indices, respectively. DISCUSSION The Swiss-SEP indices capture area-based SEP at a high resolution and allow the study of SEP when individual-level SEP data are missing or area-level effects are of interest. The hybrid version (Swiss-SEP 3) maintains high spatial resolution while adding information on new neighbourhoods. The index will continue to be useful for Switzerland's epidemiological and public health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Panczak
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Berlin
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marieke Voorpostel
- Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences (FORS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK.,Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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14
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Alfano R, Bijnens E, Langie SAS, Nawrot TS, Reimann B, Vanbrabant K, Wang C, Plusquin M. Epigenome-wide analysis of maternal exposure to green space during gestation and cord blood DNA methylation in the ENVIRONAGE cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114828. [PMID: 36400229 PMCID: PMC9760568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation programming is sensitive to prenatal life environmental influences, but the impact of maternal exposure to green space on newborns DNA methylation has not been studied yet. METHODS We conducted a meta-epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of maternal exposure to green space during gestation with cord blood DNA methylation in two subsets of the ENVIRONAGE cohort (N = 538). Cord blood DNA methylation was measured by Illumina HumanMethylation 450K in one subset (N = 189) and EPICarray in another (N = 349). High (vegetation height>3 m (m)), low (vegetation height<3 m) and total (including both) high-resolution green space exposures during pregnancy were estimated within 100 m and 1000 m distance around maternal residence. In each subset, we sought cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites via linear mixed models adjusted on newborns' sex, ethnicity, gestational age, season at delivery, sampling day, maternal parity, age, smoking, education, and estimated blood cell proportions. EWASs results were meta-analysed via fixed-effects meta-analyses. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified via ENmix-combp and DMRcate algorithms. Sensitivity analyses were additionally adjusted on PM2.5, distance to major roads, urbanicity and neighborhood income. In the 450K subset, cord blood expression of differentially methylated genes was measured by Agilent microarrays and associated with green space. RESULTS 147 DMRs were identified, 85 of which were still significant upon adjustment for PM2.5, distance to major roads, urbanicity and neighborhood income, including HLA-DRB5, RPTOR, KCNQ1DN, A1BG-AS1, HTR2A, ZNF274, COL11A1 and PRSS36 DMRs. One CpG reached genome-wide significance, while 54 CpGs were suggestive significant (p-values<1e-05). Among them, a CpG, hypermethylated with 100 m buffer total green space, was annotated to PAQR9, whose expression decreased with 1000 m buffer low green space (p-value = 1.45e-05). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that maternal exposure to green space during pregnancy is associated with cord blood DNA methylation, mainly at loci organized in regions, in genes playing important roles in neurological development (e.g., HTR2A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Esmée Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Reimann
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Vanbrabant
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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15
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Baloh CH, Mathias RA. Recent progress in the genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:60-69. [PMID: 36608983 PMCID: PMC9987265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past 2 years, there continue to be advances in our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of atopy pertaining to disease risk and disease severity. The joint role of genetics and the environment has been emphasized in multiple studies. Combining genetics with family history, biomarkers, and comorbidities is further refining our ability to predict the development of individual atopic diseases as well as the advancement of the atopic march. Polygenic risk scores will be an important next step for the field moving toward clinical translation of the genetic findings thus far. A systems biology approach, as illustrated by studies of the microbiome and epigenome, will be necessary to fully understand disease development and to develop increasingly targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn H Baloh
- The Immune Tolerance Network, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Wash; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Md.
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16
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Kronenberg F, Mora S, Stroes ESG, Ference BA, Arsenault BJ, Berglund L, Dweck MR, Koschinsky M, Lambert G, Mach F, McNeal CJ, Moriarty PM, Natarajan P, Nordestgaard BG, Parhofer KG, Virani SS, von Eckardstein A, Watts GF, Stock JK, Ray KK, Tokgözoğlu LS, Catapano AL. Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:3925-3946. [PMID: 36036785 PMCID: PMC9639807 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This 2022 European Atherosclerosis Society lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] consensus statement updates evidence for the role of Lp(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic valve stenosis, provides clinical guidance for testing and treating elevated Lp(a) levels, and considers its inclusion in global risk estimation. Epidemiologic and genetic studies involving hundreds of thousands of individuals strongly support a causal and continuous association between Lp(a) concentration and cardiovascular outcomes in different ethnicities; elevated Lp(a) is a risk factor even at very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. High Lp(a) is associated with both microcalcification and macrocalcification of the aortic valve. Current findings do not support Lp(a) as a risk factor for venous thrombotic events and impaired fibrinolysis. Very low Lp(a) levels may associate with increased risk of diabetes mellitus meriting further study. Lp(a) has pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic properties, which may partly relate to the oxidized phospholipids carried by Lp(a). This panel recommends testing Lp(a) concentration at least once in adults; cascade testing has potential value in familial hypercholesterolaemia, or with family or personal history of (very) high Lp(a) or premature ASCVD. Without specific Lp(a)-lowering therapies, early intensive risk factor management is recommended, targeted according to global cardiovascular risk and Lp(a) level. Lipoprotein apheresis is an option for very high Lp(a) with progressive cardiovascular disease despite optimal management of risk factors. In conclusion, this statement reinforces evidence for Lp(a) as a causal risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. Trials of specific Lp(a)-lowering treatments are critical to confirm clinical benefit for cardiovascular disease and aortic valve stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Samia Mora
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brian A Ference
- Centre for Naturally Randomized Trials, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Lars Berglund
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marc R Dweck
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Heart Centre, University of Edinburgh, Chancellors Building, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Marlys Koschinsky
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis de La Reunion, France
| | - François Mach
- Department of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catherine J McNeal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, 2301 S. 31st St., USA
| | | | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, and Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus G Parhofer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwigs- Maximilians University Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Salim S Virani
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine & Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, and Department of Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Jane K Stock
- European Atherosclerosis Society, Mässans Gata 10, SE-412 51 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lale S Tokgözoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alberico L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.,IRCCS Multimedica, Milano, Italy
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