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Phang LY, Mingyuan L, Mohammadi M, Tee CS, Yuswan MH, Cheng WH, Lai KS. Phytoremediation as a viable ecological and socioeconomic management strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34585-z. [PMID: 39103580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional remediation technologies, notably for soil restoration and agricultural sustainability. This strategy makes use of marginal areas, incorporates biofortification processes, and expands crop alternatives. The ecological and economic benefits of phytoremediation are highlighted in this review. Native plant species provide cost-effective advantages and lower risks, while using invasive species to purify pollutants might be a potential solution to the dilemma of not removing them from the new habitat. Thus, strict management measures should be used to prevent the overgrowth of invasive species. The superior advantages of phytoremediation, including psychological and social improvements, make it a powerful tool for both successful cleanup and community well-being. Its ability to generate renewable biomass and adapt to a variety of uses strengthens its position in developing the bio-based economy. However, phytoremediation faces severe difficulties such as complex site circumstances and stakeholder doubts. Overcoming these challenges necessitates a comprehensive approach that balances economic viability, environmental protection, and community welfare. Incorporating regulatory standards such as ASTM and ISO demonstrates a commitment to long-term environmental sustainability, while also providing advice for unique nation-specific requirements. Finally, phytoremediation may contribute to a pleasant coexistence of human activity and the environment by navigating hurdles and embracing innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Yee Phang
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Lim Mingyuan
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mitra Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Science, Kheradgerayan Motahar Institute of Higher Education, Kosar 45, Vakil Abad Boulevard, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Chong-Siang Tee
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafis Yuswan
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Hee Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Drenning P, Enell A, Kleja DB, Volchko Y, Norrman J. Development of simplified probabilistic models for predicting phytoextraction timeframes of soil contaminants: demonstration at the DDX-contaminated Kolleberga tree nursery in Sweden. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40925-40940. [PMID: 38834929 PMCID: PMC11189973 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Phytoextraction, utilizing plants to remove soil contaminants, is a promising approach for environmental remediation but its application is often limited due to the long time requirements. This study aims to develop simplified and user-friendly probabilistic models to estimate the time required for phytoextraction of contaminants while considering uncertainties. More specifically we: i) developed probabilistic models for time estimation, ii) applied these models using site-specific data from a field experiment testing pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo ssp. pepo cv. Howden) for phytoextraction of DDT and its metabolites (ΣDDX), iii) compared timeframes derived from site-specific data with literature-derived estimates, and iv) investigated model sensitivity and uncertainties through various modelling scenarios. The models indicate that phytoextraction with pumpkin to reduce the initial total concentration of ΣDDX in the soil (10 mg/kg dw) to acceptable levels (1 mg/kg dw) at the test site is infeasible within a reasonable timeframe, with time estimates ranging from 48-123 years based on literature data or 3 570-9 120 years with site-specific data using the linear or first-order exponential model, respectively. Our results suggest that phytoextraction may only be feasible at lower initial ΣDDX concentrations (< 5 mg/kg dw) for soil polishing and that alternative phytomanagement strategies should be considered for this test site to manage the bioavailable fraction of DDX in the soil. The simplified modes presented can be useful tools in the communication with site owners and stakeholders about time approximations for planning phytoextraction interventions, thereby improving the decision basis for phytomanagement of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Drenning
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Anja Enell
- Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI), 58193, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dan Berggren Kleja
- Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI), 58193, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7014, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yevheniya Volchko
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Norrman
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fine P, Engal O, Beriozkin A. EDTA biodegradability and assisted phytoextraction efficiency in a large-scale field simulation: Is EDTA phasing out justified? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120133. [PMID: 38308985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced phytoextraction of metal-polluted soils using EDTA is phasing out in favor of biodegradable chelants. However, these are too short-lived to be effective in the acclimated biodegrading soil environment established in long-term phytoextraction operations. We hypothesize that full-scale EDTA-enhanced phytoextraction can be both effective and environmentally safe, provided that soil leaching is prevented while EDTA persists in the soil profile. This was tested for 4 years in two sealed, well-monitored constructed lagoons (70-m3 each) packed with Cd-contaminated dredged sediment. Fast-growing, high-biomass, salinity-resistant eucalypts were planted in June 2010. Under controlled deficit irrigation, the 3-year average EC was 14.2 dS m-1. Summer leakage accounted for ∼1.2 % of the overall irrigation water and was prescribed for monitoring the composition of the soil solution. Altogether, 486 leachate and 261 suction-cap solutions were collected at average intervals of 5.5 days. EDTA was intermittently applied with summer irrigation, in multiple low doses at average seasonal concentrations of 1.1-9.2 mM. The soil solution EDTA biodegraded quickly after those applications were stopped. This cessation was timed well before the start of the rainy season. Spontaneous EDTA leaching during the three winters accounted for <0.02 % of the total 423 mol/basin applied. Prescribed summer leaching constituted ∼1 % of this total. Peak heavy metal (HM) concentrations in the leachate and suction-cap solutions (e.g., Cd, up to 18.5 and 14 mg L-1, respectively) were observed soon after EDTA application. Winter HM concentrations were not significantly different from the background. As the amounts of EDTA diminished, HM also disappeared from the soil solution, probably by adsorption. Eucalyptus occidentalis was by far the most efficient Cd sink of the five species tested,. The results of this study strongly support our hypothesis that EDTA-enhanced phytoextraction can be both effective and environmentally safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinchas Fine
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, ARO, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel.
| | - Oz Engal
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, ARO, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel; Origene Seeds Ltd., P.O.Box 699, Rehovot, 7610602, Israel.
| | - Anna Beriozkin
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, ARO, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon Lezion, 7528809, Israel.
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Sarathchandra SS, Rengel Z, Solaiman ZM. A Review on Remediation of Iron Ore Mine Tailings via Organic Amendments Coupled with Phytoremediation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091871. [PMID: 37176929 PMCID: PMC10181287 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mining operations degrade natural ecosystems by generating a large quantity of mine tailings. Mine tailings remain in dams/open ponds without further treatment after valuable metals such as iron ore have been extracted. Therefore, rehabilitation of tailings to mitigate the negative environmental impacts is of the utmost necessity. This review compares existing physical, chemical and amendment-assisted phytoremediation methods in the rehabilitation of mine tailings from the perspective of cost, reliability and durability. After review and discussion, it is concluded that amendment-assisted phytoremediation has received comparatively great attention; however, the selection of an appropriate phytoremediator is the critical step in the process. Moreover, the efficiency of phytoremediation is solely dependent on the amendment type and rate. Further, the application of advanced plant improvement technologies, such as genetically engineered plants produced for this purpose, would be an alternative solution. Further research is needed to determine the suitability of this method for the particular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajeevee S Sarathchandra
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zed Rengel
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zakaria M Solaiman
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Santa-Cruz J, Robinson B, Krutyakov YA, Shapoval OA, Peñaloza P, Yáñez C, Neaman A. An Assessment of the Feasibility of Phytoextraction for the Stripping of Bioavailable Metals from Contaminated Soils. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:558-565. [PMID: 36582151 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction has been proposed in many papers as a low-cost method for remediating contaminated soil. However, if national regulation is based on total metal(loid) concentrations in soil, phytoextraction is generally infeasible because of the long time required for remediation. Assessing phytoextraction requires determination of the dynamic rate of metal removal from soil. Phytoextraction may be feasible if the main goal is to reduce the soluble fraction of the metal(loid) with the goal of reducing bioavailability. However, it has been reported that there is a large mass balance mismatch between the reduction of the soluble metal fraction in contaminated soil and metal uptake by plants. Several studies report that the decrease of soluble fraction of metals in soil is higher than can be accounted for by plant uptake. In other words, studies generally overestimate the feasibility of bioavailable contaminant stripping. Therefore, a more rigorous approach is advisable to ensure that papers on bioavailable contaminant stripping include relevant information on mass balances. Furthermore, to implement the concept of bioavailable contaminant stripping, regulations must distinguish between the bioavailable fraction and the total metal concentration in soil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:558-565. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santa-Cruz
- Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas y Veterinarias, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Brett Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yurii A Krutyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Materials for Agriculture, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Shapoval
- Pryanishnikov All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agrochemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Patricia Peñaloza
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Carolina Yáñez
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alexander Neaman
- Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
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Jiang M, Wang K, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Wang W. Technologies for the cobalt-contaminated soil remediation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:151908. [PMID: 34838917 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cobalt-contaminated soil has exposed potential toxicity to humans, plants, and animals. Industrial activities like ore smelting, alloy manufacture, and electric and electronic devices production have induced the increased cobalt content in soil resulting in higher ecosystem risk in diverse environmental media. However, knowledge gaps in cobalt transfer in soil and the limited understanding of remediation techniques make it challenging to estimate their potential application scenarios. Thus, keeping in view the above facts, this paper summarizes the natural and anthropogenic sources arousing the increase of cobalt in soil and reviews the cobalt species in soil and factors that influence the mobilization of cobalt. Moreover, the status of the remediation technologies is critically evaluated, including phytoremediation, immobilization, and separation technologies (soil washing and electroremediation) with a focus on the application and mechanism of phytoremediation and immobilization. Based on the actual application, further improvements and prospects of all techniques are proposed. This comprehensive review might serve to guide technique selection and inspire more scientific exploration on the remediation of cobalt-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Weiye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Guo J, Zheng G, Yang J, Chen T, Meng X, Xia T. Safe utilization of cadmium- and lead-contaminated farmland by cultivating a winter rapeseed/maize rotation compared with two phytoextraction approaches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114306. [PMID: 34923416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared with phytoextraction, growing suitable crops may be a more profitable and practical approach for managing contaminated farmland, especially when there are multiple pollutants. In this 5-year field study, the phytoaccumulator Hylotelephium spectabile, the high-biomass species amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus), and a winter rapeseed/maize rotation crop were cultivated on farmland contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Over 4 consecutive years, the annual Cd uptake and extraction efficiency of H. spectabile was 117.6 g hm-2 and 2.36%, respectively. The Cd extraction efficiency of amaranth was equivalent to that of H. spectabile because of its high biomass, and it extracted more Pb (660-2210 g hm-2) from the soil than did H. spectabile. However, neither of these species was able to remediate contaminated farmland rapidly and inexpensively, even with enhancing strategies such as variety screening and the addition of fertilizers and a chelating agent. A safe utilization approach to cultivate rapeseed instead of wheat significantly reduced the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks. The concentrations of heavy metals in rapeseed oil were below the limits specified in the Chinese national food standard, and the heavy metal concentrations in the byproducts (rapeseed meal and straw) were below the limits specified in Chinese national standards for organic fertilizer and feed. The cost of safe utilization was one-quarter that of phytoextraction, and the net economic benefit was 33.5%-123.5% higher than that of wheat crops. Therefore, the rapeseed/maize rotation is a profitable and feasible approach for the safe utilization of Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmland on the northern plains of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi, 030600, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China.
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofei Meng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Machhirake NP, Yadav S, Krishna V, Kumar S. Toxicity-removal efficiency of Brassica juncea, Chrysopogon zizanioides and Pistia stratiotes to decontaminate biomedical ash under non-chelating and chelating conditions: A pilot- scale phytoextraction study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132416. [PMID: 34600014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The healthcare community acknowledged that bio-medical wastes (BMWs) have reached a colossal level across the globe. The recent pandemic (COVID-19) has brought a deluge of contaminated waste which calls for an urgent need of treatment technology for its safe disposal. BMW generally undergoes a conservative treatment approach of incineration which in turn generates potentially toxic ash known as BMW ash. BMW ash, if directly dumped in landfill, leaches and further pollutes both land and groundwater. The present study deployed Brassica juncea [Indian Mustard (IM)], Chrysopogon zizanioides [Vetiver Grass (VG)], and Pistia stratiotes [Water Lettuce (WL)] to remediate toxicity of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) i.e., Cd, Al, Pb, Cu, Mn, Co and Zn in BMW ash both in the presence and absence of chelate with an increased dosage of toxicity. The phyto-assessment results showed that IM extracted 202.2 ± 0.1-365.5 ± 0.02, 7.8 ± 0.03-12.5 ± 0.3, 132.1 ± 0.1-327.3 ± 0.1 and >100 mg kg-1 of Al, Cd, Pb and Zn, respectively without the assistance of a chelating agent. The VG accumulated heavy metals in greater concentration up to 10.5 ± 0.1 and 290.1 ± 0.05 mg kg-1 of Cd and Zn, respectively, and similar trends were observed in the WL set-up. However, the application of an ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) had also increased the efficiency on an average by 20-30% for IM, 35-45% for VG, and 25-35% for WL. The experimental set-up shows that the BCF for IM, VG and WL was found to be greater than 1 for most of the PTEs. The higher value of BCF resulted in a better ability to phytoextract the heavy metals from the soil. The results suggested that IM, VG and WL have the potential to phytoextract PTEs both in the absence and presence of chelating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shraddha Yadav
- CSIR, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vijai Krishna
- Banaras Hindu University, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Mirzapur, 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Phytoremediation of Toxic Metals: A Sustainable Green Solution for Clean Environment. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by various sources has become a major worry all over the world. Pollutants can enter the human body through the food chain from aquatic and soil habitats. These pollutants can cause various chronic diseases in humans and mortality if they collect in the body over an extended period. Although the phytoremediation technique cannot completely remove harmful materials, it is an environmentally benign, cost-effective, and natural process that has no negative effects on the environment. The main types of phytoremediation, their mechanisms, and strategies to raise the remediation rate and the use of genetically altered plants, phytoremediation plant prospects, economics, and usable plants are reviewed in this review. Several factors influence the phytoremediation process, including types of contaminants, pollutant characteristics, and plant species selection, climate considerations, flooding and aging, the effect of salt, soil parameters, and redox potential. Phytoremediation’s environmental and economic efficiency, use, and relevance are depicted in our work. Multiple recent breakthroughs in phytoremediation technologies are also mentioned in this review.
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Khan S, Naushad M, Lima EC, Zhang S, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J. Global soil pollution by toxic elements: Current status and future perspectives on the risk assessment and remediation strategies - A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126039. [PMID: 34015708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review and present the state of the arte about the status of toxic elements (TEs) in soils and assess the potential risk using single and total complex pollution indices in a global scale. We compiled, integrated, and analyzed soil TE pollution data over almost a decade through key maps, which have not been reviewed up to date. All the in-situ and ex-situ remediation treatments have been also reviewed, illustrated, and compared, for the first time. The future perspectives have been discussed and summarized. This review demonstrates that the cornerstone maps and integrated information provide reliable geographical coordinates and inclusive information on TEs pollution, particularly in China. In-situ treatment approaches for TEs polluted soils are more cost-effective and applicable than ex-situ treatment trials. Selecting a feasible remediation strategy should to take the extent of contamination, treatment objectives, site characteristics, cost-efficiency, and public suitability into account. The summarized findings in this review may help to develop innovative and applicable methods for assessing the global soil pollution by TEs. Also, these findings may help to develop innovative, applicable, and feasibly economic methods for sustainable management of TEs contaminated soils to mitigate the environmental and human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshad Khan
- School of Geography and Resources Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China.
| | - Mu Naushad
- Advanced Materials Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Eder C Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Shengxin Zhang
- School of Geography and Resources Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Utilization of urea and chicken litter biochar to improve rice production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9955. [PMID: 33976307 PMCID: PMC8113579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of N fertilizers on tropical acid soils is increasing because of their low native fertility. Chicken litter biochar was used to improve N use efficiency and rice yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chicken litter biochar on selected chemical properties of a tropical acid soil under rice (MR219) cultivation. Treatments evaluated were in this study were as follows: (1) T1, soil only, (2) T2, existing recommended fertilization, (3) T3, chicken litter biochar alone, and (4) T4, chicken litter biochar + existing recommended fertilization. Plant and soil analyses were conducted using standard procedures. The use of chicken litter biochar increased soil pH, total carbon, total P, available P, total N, and exchangeable N. Also, this practice decreased soil total acidity and exchangeable Al3+. Compared with T2, T4 significantly increased Crop Recovery Efficiency and Agronomic Recovery Efficiency of N. This resulted in a significant increase in the grain yield (11 t ha−1) of MR219 (Malaysia hybrid rice) for T4 compared with the existing rice grain yield of 5.9 t ha−1 (T2). Moreover, application of chicken litter biochar (5 t ha−1) to tropical acid soil suggested that N application can be reduced to 26.67%, 30.03%, 30.15%, and 14.15% of the recommended rates by MADA on days 10, 30, 50, and 70 after transplanting, respectively. Chicken litter biochar can improve the chemical properties of tropical acid soils and rice (MR219) grain yield.
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El Rasafi T, Pereira R, Pinto G, Gonçalves FJM, Haddioui A, Ksibi M, Römbke J, Sousa JP, Marques CR. Potential of Eucalyptus globulus for the phytoremediation of metals in a Moroccan iron mine soil-a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:15782-15793. [PMID: 33242196 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The contamination left by abandoned mines demands sustainable mitigation measures. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the phytoremediator ability of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. to be used for cleaning up metal-contaminated soils from an African abandoned iron (Fe) mine (Ait Ammar, Oued Zem, Morocco). Plantlets of this species were exposed to a control (CTL), a reference (REF), and a mine-contaminated soil (CS). Morphological (growth, leaf area) and physiological stress biomarkers (photosynthetic efficiency, pigments content, leaf relative water, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels) and metal bioaccumulation were assessed. The growth and leaf area of E. globulus increased overtime in all soils, although at a lower rate in the CS. Its photosynthetic efficiency was not markedly impaired, as well as MDA levels decreased throughout the experiment in CS. In this soil, higher metal contents were detected in E. globulus roots than in leaves, especially Fe (roots: 15.98-213.99 μg g-1; leaves: 5.97-15.98 μg g-1) and Zn (roots: 1.64-1.99 μg g-1; leaves: 0.67-1.19 μg g-1), indicating their reduced translocation. Additionally, though at low extent, the plants bioaccumulated some metals (Pb > Zn > Cu) from CS. Overall, E. globulus may be potentially used for the phytoremediation of metals in metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoufik El Rasafi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Ruth Pereira
- 1GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, 8 Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Glória Pinto
- CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar) & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar) & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Abdelmajid Haddioui
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ksibi
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (3E), National School of Engineering of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 3.5, PO Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2-14, D-65439, Flörsheim a.M, Germany
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina R Marques
- CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar) & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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13
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Tang L, Hamid Y, Zehra A, Shohag MJI, He Z, Yang X. Endophytic inoculation coupled with soil amendment and foliar inhibitor ensure phytoremediation and argo-production in cadmium contaminated soil under oilseed rape-rice rotation system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:142481. [PMID: 33113675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation coupled with agro-production is a sustainable strategy for remediation of toxic metal contaminated farmlands without interrupting crop production. In this study, high accumulating oilseed rape was rotated with low accumulating rice to evaluate the effects of crop rotation on growth performance and uptake of cadmium (Cd) in plants. In this system, oilseed rape was inoculated with plant growth promoting endophyte (PGPE) consortium, and rice was applied with soil composite amendment and foliar inhibitor. The results showed, compared with rice monoculture, crop rotation coupled with superposition measure has potential to enhance yield, biomass and nutritional quality of both crops, as well as to increase Cd uptake in non-edible tissues of oilseed rape and to reduce Cd concentration in individual parts of rice, thus accelerating phytoextraction and ensuring food safety. These comprehensive management practices removed 7.03 and 7.91% total Cd from two experiment fields, respectively, in three years phytoremediation. These results demonstrated a feasible technical mode for phytoremediation coupled with argo-production in slightly Cd contaminated field, and also provided useful information for further investigation of interaction mechanisms between the rotated crops and biofortification measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Md Jahidul Islam Shohag
- Department of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Vaidya BP, Hagmann DF, Balacco J, Passchier S, Krumins JA, Goodey NM. Plants mitigate restrictions to phosphatase activity in metal contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114801. [PMID: 32806404 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil anthropogenic contaminants can limit enzymatic nutrient mineralization, either by direct regulation or via impacts on the microbial community, thus affecting plant growth in agricultural and non-agricultural soils. The impact on phosphatase activity of mixing two contaminated, post-industrial rail yard soils was investigated; one was vegetated and had high phosphatase function, the other was barren and had low enzymatic function. The two soils had different abiotic properties, including contaminant load, vegetation cover, soil aggregate size distribution, and phosphatase potential. An experimental gradient was established between the two soils to systematically vary the abiotic properties and microbial community composition of the two soils, creating a gradient of novel ecosystems. The time dependence of extracellular phosphatase activity, soil moisture, and organic matter content was assessed along this gradient in the presence and absence of plants. Initially, mixtures with higher percentages of functional, vegetated soil had higher phosphatase activities. Phosphatase activity remained unchanged through time (65 days) in all soil mixtures in unplanted pots, but it increased in planted pots. For example, in the presence of plants, phosphatase activity increased from 0.6 ± 0.1 to 2.4 ± 0.3 μmol•h-1•gdry soil-1 from day one to day 65 in the 1:1 functional:barren soil mixture. The presence of plants also promoted moisture retention. Inoculation of poorly functioning soil with 10% of the functional soil with its microbial community did not, over 65 days, revitalize the poorly functioning soil. The findings showed that abiotic limitations to enzymatic activity in barren brownfield soils could be mitigated by establishing primary production but not by the addition of enzymatically active microbial communities alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree P Vaidya
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA, 07043.
| | - Diane F Hagmann
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA, 07043.
| | - Jennifer Balacco
- Department of Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA, 07043.
| | - Sandra Passchier
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA, 07043.
| | | | - Nina M Goodey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA; PSEG Institute of Sustainability Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
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15
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Egendorf SP, Groffman P, Moore G, Cheng Z. The limits of lead (Pb) phytoextraction and possibilities of phytostabilization in contaminated soil: a critical review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:916-930. [PMID: 32677841 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1774501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on lead (Pb), one of the most ubiquitous and harmful toxicants found in soil. Our objective is to address misconceptions regarding the ability of plants to uptake Pb through their roots and translocate it to above-ground tissues, and their ability to act as hyperaccumulators and thereby phytoextract Pb. In accordance with a number of cited definitions, we suggest that species capable of Pb phytoextraction can be rated with the following three criteria: (1) root uptake above a nominal threshold of 1,000 mg Pb/kg, (2) bioconcentration factor (BCF or shoot/soil concentration) >1, and (3) translocation factor (TF or shoot/root concentration) > 1. We review the literature in the updated USDA Phytoremediation Database and conclude that without amendments: no plant has met all three criteria; no plant has been confirmed as a Pb hyperaccumulator. Our analysis suggests that Pb phytoextraction is not a viable remediation option. Pb phytostabilization, however, may be an effective remediation tool in a variety of settings. Planting some of the many species capable of tolerating soil Pb exposure and sequestering it in or around the root zone will limit Pb movement into other ecosystems, prevent resuspended dusts, and mitigate Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perl Egendorf
- Earth and Enivornmental Sciences, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
- Environmental Sciences Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Peter Groffman
- Environmental Sciences Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Gerry Moore
- Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Zhongqi Cheng
- Earth and Enivornmental Sciences, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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16
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Xu L, Dai H, Skuza L, Wei S. The effects of different electric fields and electrodes on Solanum nigrum L. Cd hyperaccumulation in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125666. [PMID: 31896016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetics is a new attempt of strengthening hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. Cd extraction. The effects of different electric fields and electrodes on S. nigrum accumulating Cd among of four electric field conditions (1 V cm-1) and two electrodes were determined. The results showed that the AC electric field significantly stimulated (p < 0.05) the growth of S. nigrum, and the biomass increased nearly by 40% compared with the control, while the DC electric field (including the switching polarity) had no significant effect. Electric field significantly increased (p < 0.05) Cd concentration in S. nigrum and the highest one was recorded for the DC electric field with switching polarity. S. nigrum Cd accumulation (ug pot-1) was the highest under the AC electric field, which was nearly 70% higher compared to the control. The innovation found was that the role of biomass enhancement for S. nigrum accumulating Cd (ug pot-1) was the first and increased Cd concentration was secondary under AC electrical field, which might be relative with S. nigrum is a weed species. Basically, there was no significant difference between the graphite and stainless steel electrode, but under AC electric field conditions, Cd accumulation of S. nigrum was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than stainless steel electrode, which is worthy of further revelation besides of statistic factor. In general, the accumulation (ug pot-1) of Cd by S. nigrum was the highest under the AC electric field, which was a very important reference for the electrokinetic conditions to be used in the practice of phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huiping Dai
- College of Biological Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
| | - Lidia Skuza
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin 71-415, Poland
| | - Shuhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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17
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Yuan X, Xiong T, Yao S, Liu C, Yin Y, Li H, Li N. A real filed phytoremediation of multi-metals contaminated soils by selected hybrid sweet sorghum with high biomass and high accumulation ability. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124536. [PMID: 31549653 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal-polluted soil is obtaining increasing global concerns. The phytoremediation is a promising technology that needs further research. This study was aiming to perform a field survey to assess the restoration and accumulation potential of five hybrid sweet sorghum species with high biomass. Those sweet sorghums were planted in three sites containing different toxic levels of Zn, Pb and Cd with one local commercial sweet sorghum as contrast sample. Plants and soils were sampled for the analysis of heavy metal concentrations. BCF and TF values showed that hybrid sweet sorghum species have higher accumulation ability than local one. Five species of hybrid sweet sorghum planted in all three sites showed no obvious toxicity symptoms, and moreover, their biomass were 12-24 times higher than that of the local one, indicating their high tolerance to heavy metals. Among them, the 9312 and G38 specimens were considered as the best-performing specimens due to their high ability to accumulate multiple metals in their shoots and roots without being affected by excessive metal contents. A reasonable disposed plan for harvested sweet sorghum after phytoremediation was proposed. The harvest sweet sorghums used for industrial ethanol and densified biofuel production could combine soil remediation with creating economic benefit. Consequently, those five hybrid sweet sorghum species, especially 9312 and G38 with high biomass production, metal accumulation ability and high tolerance against metal toxicity might have great potential in phytoremediation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Ting Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Sai Yao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- Suxian District Forestry Bureau, Chenzhou, 423000, PR China
| | - Yaonan Yin
- Suxian District Forestry Bureau, Chenzhou, 423000, PR China
| | - Huancheng Li
- Shenzhen Landmark Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Ningsheng Li
- Shenzhen Landmark Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
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18
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Dong Q, Fei L, Wang C, Hu S, Wang Z. Cadmium excretion via leaf hydathodes in tall fescue and its phytoremediation potential. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1406-1411. [PMID: 31260940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of the soil is one of the most serious environmental problems of agricultural production. Phytoremediation has attracted increasing attention because it can safely remove the soil contaminates via plant uptake, accumulations and plant harvesting. However, the high Cd toxicity to plant tissues and treatment of the large amount of hazardous plant residues from phytoremediation have limited its commercial implementation. Here we show that the leaves of the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) can excrete Cd out to avoid Cd toxicity in plant tissues. Cd specific fluorescence spectroscopy with laser confocal scanning microscope, screening electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy and guttation fluids analysis confirmed that leaf hydathodes were the pathway of Cd excretion in tall fescue. Element analysis showed that Cd was preferentially excreted out when compared to the ion nutrients. The amount of leaf Cd excretion was linearly increased in response to the Cd stress period. The phytoremediation efficiency was evaluated to remove 14.4% of soil Cd annually by the leaf Cd excretion in our experimental system. These findings indicate that a novel strategy of Cd phytoexcretion based on washing-off and collection of leaf surface Cd is feasible to avoid Cd toxic in plant tissues and the high treatment cost of hazardous plant residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ling Fei
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA
| | - Shuai Hu
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhaolong Wang
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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19
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Ashraf S, Ali Q, Zahir ZA, Ashraf S, Asghar HN. Phytoremediation: Environmentally sustainable way for reclamation of heavy metal polluted soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:714-727. [PMID: 30878808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic metals is a widespread environmental issue resulting from global industrialization within the past few years. Therefore, decontamination of heavy metal contaminated soils is very important to reduce the associated risks and for maintenance of environmental health and ecological restoration. Conventional techniques for reclamation of such soils are expensive and environmental non-friendly. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology implementing green plants to clean up the environment from contaminants and has been considered as a cost-effective and non-invasive alternative to the conventional remediation approaches. There are different types of phytoremediation including, phytostabilization, phytostimulation, phytotransformation, phytofiltration and phytoextraction, the latter being most extensively acknowledged for remediation of soils contaminated with toxic heavy metals. Recent literature is gathered to critically review the sources, hazardous effects of toxic heavy metals and environmentally sustainable phytoremediation technique for heavy metal polluted soils to offer widespread applicability of this green technology. Different strategies to enhance the bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil are also discussed shortly. It can be concluded that phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils is a reliable tool and necessary for making the land resource accessible for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ashraf
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Qasim Ali
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Ahmad Zahir
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ashraf
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Naeem Asghar
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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20
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Thijs S, Witters N, Janssen J, Ruttens A, Weyens N, Herzig R, Mench M, Van Slycken S, Meers E, Meiresonne L, Vangronsveld J. Tobacco, Sunflower and High Biomass SRC Clones Show Potential for Trace Metal Phytoextraction on a Moderately Contaminated Field Site in Belgium. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1879. [PMID: 30622547 PMCID: PMC6308991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction could be a potential management option for diffusely Cd-Zn-Pb-polluted agricultural land in Northeast Belgium. The use of high yielding crops with a sufficiently high metal accumulation is preferred as these are expected to both gradually decontaminate the soil while generating an income through biomass valorization. To find out which high biomass crop possessed the highest and most constant (in time) phytoextraction potential on these soils, different plant species and different mutants or clones of each species, were evaluated during consecutive years. Biomass production and metal accumulation of pre-selected tobacco somaclonal variants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and pre-selected sunflower mutants (Helianthus annuus L.) were investigated for two productivity years, while the phytoextraction potential of experimental poplar (Populus) and willow (Salix) in short rotation coppice (SRC) was assessed at the end of the second cutting cycle (after two times four growing seasons). The tobacco clones and the sunflower mutants showed efficient extraction of, respectively, Cd and Zn, while the highest simultaneous extractions of Cd and Zn were gained with some SRC clones. Variation in biomass production and metal accumulation were high for all crops over the years. The highest biomass production was observed for the experimental poplar clone of the crossing type Populus deltoides (P. maximowiczii x P. trichocarpa) with 9.9 ton DW per ha per year. The remediation period to reach legal threshold values for the pseudo-total content of Cd in this specific soil was estimated to be at least 60 years. Combining estimated phytoextraction potential and economic and environmental aspects, the SRC option is proposed as the most suitable crop for implementing metal phytoextraction in the investigated area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Thijs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences University, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nele Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences University, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jolien Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences University, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ann Ruttens
- Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, CODA-CERVA, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Nele Weyens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences University, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Michel Mench
- BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Stijn Van Slycken
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Erik Meers
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Linda Meiresonne
- Institute for Nature and Forest Research, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences University, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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21
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Zhai X, Li Z, Huang B, Luo N, Huang M, Zhang Q, Zeng G. Remediation of multiple heavy metal-contaminated soil through the combination of soil washing and in situ immobilization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:92-99. [PMID: 29660731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils is a great challenge for global environmental sciences and engineering. To control the ecological risks of heavy metal-contaminated soil more effectively, the present study focused on the combination of soil washing (with FeCl3) and in situ immobilization (with lime, biochar, and black carbon). The results showed that the removal rate of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu was 62.9%, 52.1%, 30.0%, and 16.7%, respectively, when washed with FeCl3. After the combined remediation (immobilization with 1% (w/w) lime), the contaminated soils showed 36.5%, 73.6%, 70.9%, and 53.4% reductions in the bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn (extracted with 0.11M acetic acid), respectively, than those of the soils washed with FeCl3 only. However, the immobilization with 1% (w/w) biochar or 1% (w/w) carbon black after washing exhibited low effects on stabilizing the metals. The differences in effects between the immobilization with lime, biochar, and carbon black indicated that the soil pH had a significant influence on the lability of heavy metals during the combined remediation process. The activity of the soil enzymes (urease, sucrase, and catalase) showed that the addition of all the materials, including lime, biochar, and carbon black, exhibited positive effects on microbial remediation after soil washing. Furthermore, lime was the most effective material, indicating that low soil pH and high acid-soluble metal concentrations might restrain the activity of soil enzymes. Soil pH and nutrition were the major considerations for microbial remediation during the combined remediation. These findings suggest that the combination of soil washing and in situ immobilization is an effective method to amend the soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Bin Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environment Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Ninglin Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mei Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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22
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Liu L, Li W, Song W, Guo M. Remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soils: Principles and applicability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:206-219. [PMID: 29573687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally there are over 20millionha of land contaminated by the heavy metal(loid)s As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Se, with the present soil concentrations higher than the geo-baseline or regulatory levels. In-situ and ex-situ remediation techniques have been developed to rectify the heavy metal-contaminated sites, including surface capping, encapsulation, landfilling, soil flushing, soil washing, electrokinetic extraction, stabilization, solidification, vitrification, phytoremediation, and bioremediation. These remediation techniques employ containment, extraction/removal, and immobilization mechanisms to reduce the contamination effects through physical, chemical, biological, electrical, and thermal remedy processes. These techniques demonstrate specific advantages, disadvantages, and applicability. In general, in-situ soil remediation is more cost-effective than ex-situ treatment, and contaminant removal/extraction is more favorable than immobilization and containment. Among the available soil remediation techniques, electrokinetic extraction, chemical stabilization, and phytoremediation are at the development stage, while the others have been practiced at full, field scales. Comprehensive assessment indicates that chemical stabilization serves as a temporary soil remediation technique, phytoremediation needs improvement in efficiency, surface capping and landfilling are applicable to small, serious-contamination sites, while solidification and vitrification are the last remediation option. The cost and duration of soil remediation are technique-dependent and site-specific, up to $500ton-1 soil (or $1500m-3 soil or $100m-2 land) and 15years. Treatability studies are crucial to selecting feasible techniques for a soil remediation project, with considerations of the type and degree of contamination, remediation goals, site characteristics, cost effectiveness, implementation time, and public acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwen Liu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Weiping Song
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA
| | - Mingxin Guo
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
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Marzilli M, Di Santo P, Palumbo G, Maiuro L, Paura B, Tognetti R, Cocozza C. Cd and Cu accumulation, translocation and tolerance in Populus alba clone (Villafranca) in autotrophic in vitro screening. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10058-10068. [PMID: 29380203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated accumulation, translocation and tolerance of autotrophic Populus alba clone "Villafranca" in response to excess concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) provided to the plants. For this purpose, increasing concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 50 and 250 μM) and Cu (0, 5, 50, 250 and 500 μM) were administered to the growth medium in which micropropagated poplar plantlets were exposed to metal treatments for 15 days. Filter bags, instead of the conventional in vitro screening, were applied to improve the experimental design. Results showed that Cd and Cu increased in shoots and roots at increasing metal concentration in the medium. The highest Cd content was found in leaves, while the highest Cu content was found in roots. In "Villafranca", Cu showed toxic effects on the development of the seedlings, especially at the highest concentrations, reducing plant dry mass. However, the tolerance index (Ti) indicated good tolerance in this clone under exposure to excess metal concentrations, whereas plants had higher translocation factor (Tf). We recommend in vitro selection of tolerant genotypes, aimed at providing early indication on accumulation potentiality and tolerance capability in research on plant sensitivity to excess heavy metal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Marzilli
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Patrick Di Santo
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palumbo
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Lucia Maiuro
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Bruno Paura
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Claudia Cocozza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Guidi Nissim W, Palm E, Mancuso S, Azzarello E. Trace element phytoextraction from contaminated soil: a case study under Mediterranean climate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9114-9131. [PMID: 29340860 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current field study aims to assess the suitability of four different plant species (i.e. poplar, willow, hemp and alfalfa) to be used for trace element (TE) (i.e. Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) phytoextraction under hot-arid Mediterranean climate conditions. Plants were grown for two consecutive years on a moderate TE contaminated soil, supplied with water and mineral nutrients. The growth and physiological parameters were assessed throughout the trial to compare the response of plants to the environmental pollution, and TE uptake rates were measured for aboveground plant tissues. The phytoextraction rate for each species was expressed as a function of aboveground biomass yield and the TE uptake and translocation within the plant. Alfalfa played a significant role in reducing extractable Ni (60.6%) and Zn (46%) in the soil, whereas hemp reduced 32% of extractable Cd and 46% of extractable Pb; poplar decreased extractable Cd (37%), Ni (49%), Pb (46%) and Zn (63%); and willow reduced the extractable Zn (73%) compared to the beginning of the trial. No change in total TE content was observed; however, poplar and willow were able to extract and accumulate the highest amount of Zn (3200 and 5200 g ha-1 year-1 respectively) and Cu (182 and 116 g ha-1 year-1), whereas hemp, with 36 g ha-1 year-1, showed the best phytoextraction potential for Pb. Overall, we found a positive correlation between the phytoextraction rate and biomass yield, extractable TE concentration and translocation factor (TF) and a negative relationship with Ca concentration in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werther Guidi Nissim
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Emily Palm
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Michels E, Annicaerta B, De Moor S, Van Nevel L, De Fraeye M, Meiresonne L, Vangronsveld J, Tack FMG, Ok YS, Meers E. Limitations for phytoextraction management on metal-polluted soils with poplar short rotation coppice-evidence from a 6-year field trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:8-15. [PMID: 27929665 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1207595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Poplar clones were studied for their phytoextraction capacity in the second growth cycle (6-year growth) on a site in the Belgian Campine region, which is contaminated with Cd and Zn via historic atmospheric deposition of nearby zinc smelter activities. The field trial revealed regrowth problems for some clones that could not be predicted in the first growth cycle. Four allometric relations were assessed for their capacity to predict biomass yield in the second growth cycle. A power function based on the shoot diameter best estimates the biomass production of poplar with R2 values between 0.94 and 0.98. The woody biomass yield ranged from 2.1 to 4.8 ton woody Dry Mass (DM) ha-1 y-1. The primary goal was to reduce soil concentrations of metals caused by phytoextraction. Nevertheless, increased metal concentrations were determined in the topsoil. This increase can partially be explained by the input of metals from deeper soil layers in the top soil through litterfall. The phytoextraction option with poplar short rotation coppice in this setup did not lead to the intended soil remediation in a reasonable time span. Therefore, harvest of the leaf biomass is put forward as a crucial part of the strategy for soil remediation through Cd/Zn phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Michels
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - B Annicaerta
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - S De Moor
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - L Van Nevel
- b Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest and Water Management , Ghent University , Gontrode , Belgium
| | - M De Fraeye
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - L Meiresonne
- c Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek , Geraardsbergen
| | - J Vangronsveld
- d Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University , Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - F M G Tack
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Y S Ok
- e Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South-Korea & School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Erik Meers
- a Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
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26
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Yang Y, Zhou X, Tie B, Peng L, Li H, Wang K, Zeng Q. Comparison of three types of oil crop rotation systems for effective use and remediation of heavy metal contaminated agricultural soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:148-156. [PMID: 28881242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Selecting suitable plants tolerant to heavy metals and producing products of economic value may be a key factor in promoting the practical application of phytoremediation polluted soils. The aim of this study is to further understand the utilization and remediation of seriously contaminated agricultural soil. In a one-year field experiment, we grew oilseed rape over the winter and then subsequently sunflowers, peanuts and sesame after the first harvest. This three rotation system produced high yields of dry biomass; the oilseed rape-sunflower, oilseed rape-peanut and oilseed rape-sesame rotation allowed us to extract 458.6, 285.7, and 134.5 g ha-1 of cadmium, and 1264.7, 1006.1, and 831.1 g ha-1 of lead from soil, respectively. The oilseed rape-sunflower rotation showed the highest phytoextraction efficiency (1.98%) for cadmium. Lead and cadmium in oils are consistent with standards after extraction with n-hexane. Following successive extractions with potassium tartrate, concentrations of lead and cadmium in oilseed rape and peanut seed meals were lower than levels currently permissible for feeds. Thus, this rotation system could be useful for local farmers as it would enable the generation of income during otherwise sparse phytoremediation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Huanjiang, 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Boqing Tie
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Kelin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Huanjiang, 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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27
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Aihemaiti A, Jiang J, Li D, Li T, Zhang W, Ding X. Toxic metal tolerance in native plant species grown in a vanadium mining area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:26839-26850. [PMID: 28963601 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) has been extensively mined in China and caused soil pollution in mining area. It has toxic effects on plants, animals and humans, posing potential health risks to communities that farm and graze cattle adjacent to the mining area. To evaluate in situ phytoremediation potentials of native plants, V, chromium, copper and zinc concentrations in roots and shoots were measured and the bioaccumulation (BAF) and translocation (TF) efficiencies were calculated. The results showed that Setaria viridis accumulated greater than 1000 mg kg-1 V in its shoots and exhibited TF > 1 for V, Cr, Zn and BAF > 1 for Cu. The V accumulation amount in the roots of Kochia scoparia also surpassed 1000 mg kg-1 and showed TF > 1 for Zn. Chenopodium album had BAF > 1 for V and Zn and Daucus carota showed TF > 1 for Cu. Eleusine indica presented strong tolerance and high metal accumulations. S. viridis is practical for in situ phytoextractions of V, Cr and Zn and phytostabilisation of Cu in V mining area. Other species had low potential use as phytoremediation plant at multi-metal polluted sites, but showed relatively strong resistance to V, Cr, Cu and Zn toxicity, can be used to vegetate the contaminated soils and stabilise toxic metals in V mining area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - De'an Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianran Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xutong Ding
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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28
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Aderholt M, Vogelien DL, Koether M, Greipsson S. Phytoextraction of contaminated urban soils by Panicum virgatum L. enhanced with application of a plant growth regulator (BAP) and citric acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:85-96. [PMID: 28211339 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) contamination in soil represents a threat to human health. Phytoextraction has gained attention as a potential alternative to traditional remediation methods because of lower cost and minimal soil disruption. The North American native switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) was targeted due to its ability to produce high biomass and grow across a variety of ecozones. In this study switchgrass was chemically enhanced with applications of the soil-fungicide benomyl, chelates (EDTA and citric acid), and PGR to optimize phytoextraction of Pb and zinc (Zn) from contaminated urban soils in Atlanta, GA. Exogenous application of two plant hormones was compared in multiple concentrations to determine effects on switchgrass growth: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and Gibberellic Acid (GA3), and one PGR benzylaminopurine (BAP), The PGR BAP (1.0 μM) was found to generate a 48% increase in biomass compared to Control plants. Chemical application of citric acid, EDTA, benomyl, and BAP were tested separately and in combination in a pot experiment in an environmentally controlled greenhouse to determine the efficacy of phtyoextraction by switchgrass. Soil acidification by citric acid application resulted in highest level of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) in plants foliage resulting in severe phytotoxic effects. Total Pb phytoextraction was significantly highest in plants treated with combined chemical application of B + C and B + C + H. Suppression of AMF activities by benomyl application significantly increased concentrations of Al and Fe in roots. Application of benomyl reduced AMF colonization but was also shown to dramatically increase levels of septa fungi infection as compared to Control plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Aderholt
- Georgia Highlands College, Cartersville Campus, 5441 Highway 20 NE, Cartersville, GA 30121, USA; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Kennesaw State University, 370 Paulding Ave. NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| | - Dale L Vogelien
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 370 Paulding Ave. NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| | - Marina Koether
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, 370 Paulding Ave. NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| | - Sigurdur Greipsson
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Kennesaw State University, 370 Paulding Ave. NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA.
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29
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Salam MMA, Kaipiainen E, Mohsin M, Villa A, Kuittinen S, Pulkkinen P, Pelkonen P, Mehtätalo L, Pappinen A. Effects of contaminated soil on the growth performance of young Salix (Salix schwerinii E. L. Wolf) and the potential for phytoremediation of heavy metals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 183:467-477. [PMID: 27614557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Salix schwerinii was tested in a pot experiment to assess plant growth performance i.e., relative height and dry biomass and the potential for heavy metal uptake in soils polluted with chromium, zinc, copper, nickel and total petroleum hydrocarbons. The soil used in the pot experiment was collected from a landfill area in Finland. Peat soil was added at different quantities to the polluted soil to stimulate plant growth. The plants were irrigated with tap water or processed water (municipal waste water) to further investigate the effects of nutrient loading on plant biomass growth. The soil was treated at two pH levels (4 and 6). The results showed that the addition of 40-70% peat soil at pH 6 to a polluted soil, and irrigation with processed water accelerated plant growth and phytoextraction efficiency. In the pot experiment, Salix grown in chromium, zinc, copper, nickel and total petroleum hydrocarbons -contaminated field soil for 141 days were unaffected by the contaminated soil and took up excess nutrients from the soil and water. Total mean chromium concentration in the plant organs ranged from 17.05 to 250.45 mg kg-1, mean zinc concentration ranged from 142.32 to 1616.59 mg kg-1, mean copper concentration ranged from 12.11 to 223.74 mg kg-1 and mean nickel concentration ranged from 10.11 to 75.90 mg kg-1. Mean chromium concentration in the plant organs ranged from 46 to 94%, mean zinc concentration ranged from 44 to 76%, mean copper concentration ranged from 19 to 54% and mean nickel concentration ranged from 8 to 21% across all treatments. Under the different treatments, chromium was taken up by Salix in the largest quantities, followed by zinc, copper and nickel respectively. Salix also produced a moderate reduction in total petroleum total petroleum hydrocarbons in the polluted soil. The results from the pot experiment suggest that Salix schwerinii has the potential to accumulate significant amounts of chromium, zinc, copper and nickel. However, long term research is needed to verify the phytoextraction abilities of Salix observed in the pot experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Erik Kaipiainen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Aki Villa
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Suvi Kuittinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pertti Pulkkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Haapastensyrjä Research Unit, Haapastensyrjäntie 34, FIN-12600, Läyliäinen, Finland
| | - Paavo Pelkonen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Lauri Mehtätalo
- School of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ari Pappinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
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Wu S, Shen C, Yang Z, Lin B, Yuan J. Tolerance of Ricinus communis L. to Cd and screening of high Cd accumulation varieties for remediation of Cd contaminated soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:1148-54. [PMID: 27348198 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1186595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Response of castor (Ricinus communis L.) to cadmium (Cd) was assessed by a seed-suspending seedbed approach. Length of total radicle was the most sensitive indicator of Cd tolerance among the tested germination and growth characters. The ED50 value for Cd was 11.87 mg L(-1), indicating high Cd tolerance in castor. A pot experiment was conducted by growing 46 varieties of castor under CK (without Cd) and Cd1 (10 mg kg(-1) of Cd) and Cd2 (50 mg kg(-1) of Cd) treatments to investigate genotype variations in growth response and Cd accumulation of castor under different Cd exposures. Castor possessed high Cd accumulation ability; average shoot and root Cd concentrations of the 46 tested varieties were 21.83 and 185.43 mg kg(-1), and 174.99 and 1181.96 mg kg(-1) under Cd1 and Cd2, respectively. Great variation in Cd accumulation was observed among varieties, and Cd concentration of castor was genotype dependent. The correlation between biomass and Cd accumulation was significantly positive, while no significant correlation was observed between Cd concentration and Cd accumulation, which indicated that biomass performance is the dominant factor in determining Cd accumulation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- a State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chuang Shen
- a State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- a State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Biyun Lin
- a State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jiangang Yuan
- a State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
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31
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Zhu S, Ma X, Guo R, Ai S, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhang Y. A field study on heavy metals phytoattenuation potential of monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or legumes in weakly alkaline soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:1014-21. [PMID: 27159531 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1183570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The study focused on the phytoattenuation effects of monocropping and intercropping of maize (Zea mays) and/or legumes on Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in weakly alkaline soils. Nine growth stages of monocropping maize were chosen to study the dynamic process of extraction of heavy metals. The total content of heavy metals extracted by the aerial part of monocropped maize increased in a sigmoidal pattern over the effective accumulative temperature. The biggest biomass, highest extraction content, and lowest heavy metals bioaccumulation level occurred at physiological maturity. Among the different planting patterns, including monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or soybean (Glycine max), pea (Pisum sativum), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa), the extraction efficiency of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd varied greatly. Only intercropping of maize and soybean yielded relatively higher extraction efficiency for the four metals with no significant difference in the total biomass. Moreover, the heavy metals concentrations in dry biomass from all the planting patterns in the present study were within China's national legal thresholds for fodder use. Therefore, slightly polluted alkaline soils can be safely used through monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or legumes for a range of purposes. In particular, this study indicated that intercropping improves soil ecosystems polluted by heavy metals compared with monocropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiyong Zhu
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xinwang Ma
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Rui Guo
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Shiwei Ai
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Bailin Liu
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Wenya Zhang
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- a Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
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32
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Ibañez S, Talano M, Ontañon O, Suman J, Medina MI, Macek T, Agostini E. Transgenic plants and hairy roots: exploiting the potential of plant species to remediate contaminants. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:625-635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wang W, Wu Y, Akbar S, Jia X, He Z, Tian X. Effect of heavy metals combined stress on growth and metals accumulation of three Salix species with different cutting position. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:761-767. [PMID: 26709734 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1131237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare growth performance and heavy metal (HM) accumulation at different cutting positions of Salix species grown in multi-metal culture. Three Salix species stems cut at different positions (apical to basal) were grown hydroponically for four weeks. The plants were then treated for three weeks with 0, 5, 10, and 20 μM Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, resulting in total metal concentrations of 0, 20, 40, and 80 μM. The growth parameters and HM content in shoots and initial cutting were measured. Results showed that, compared with S. fragilis, S. matsudana grew more poorly in uncontaminated condition but grew better and accumulated lower metal in shoots under mixed HM treatment. In addition, cuttings from apical parent stem position exhibited poorer growth performance before and after treatment, as well as greater metal content in shoots than base parts under the HM treatment. These results suggest that S. matsudana may undergo a special mechanism to hinder metals in the initial cutting, thus mitigating growth damage. The apical portion also showed poor resistance against the invasion of mixed HMs because of the immature structure. Therefore, in the selection of phytoremediation plants, metal accumulation ability is not proportional to growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Yajing Wu
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Siddiq Akbar
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xiuqin Jia
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Zaihua He
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xingjun Tian
- a School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
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Ranieri E, Fratino U, Petrella A, Torretta V, Rada EC. Ailanthus Altissima and Phragmites Australis for chromium removal from a contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15983-15989. [PMID: 27146531 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The comparative effectiveness for hexavalent chromium removal from irrigation water, using two selected plant species (Phragmites australis and Ailanthus altissima) planted in soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium, has been studied in the present work. Total chromium removal from water was ranging from 55 % (Phragmites) to 61 % (Ailanthus). After 360 days, the contaminated soil dropped from 70 (initial) to 36 and 41 mg Cr/kg (dry soil), for Phragmites and Ailanthus, respectively. Phragmites accumulated the highest amount of chromium in the roots (1910 mg Cr/kg(dry tissue)), compared with 358 mg Cr/kg(dry tissue) for Ailanthus roots. Most of chromium was found in trivalent form in all plant tissues. Ailanthus had the lowest affinity for Cr(VI) reduction in the root tissues. Phragmites indicated the highest chromium translocation potential, from roots to stems. Both plant species showed good potentialities to be used in phytoremediation installations for chromium removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezio Ranieri
- Polytechnic University of Bari, DICATECh, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Umberto Fratino
- Polytechnic University of Bari, DICATECh, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Petrella
- Polytechnic University of Bari, DICATECh, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Cristina Rada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, 85100, Trento, Italy
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Zhou L, Zhao Y, Wang S. Cadmium transfer and detoxification mechanisms in a soil-mulberry-silkworm system: phytoremediation potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:18031-9. [PMID: 26169822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation has been proven to be an environmentally sound alternative for the recovery of contaminated soils, and the economic profit that comes along with the process might stimulate its field use. This study investigated cadmium (Cd) transfer and detoxification mechanisms in a soil-mulberry-silkworm system to estimate the suitability of the mulberry and silkworm as an alternative method for the remediation of Cd-polluted soil; it also explored the underlying mechanisms regulating the trophic transfer of Cd. The results show that both the mulberry and silkworm have high Cd tolerance. The transfer factor suggests that the mulberry has high potential for Cd extraction from polluted soil. The subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in mulberry leaves show that cell wall deposition and vacuolar compartmentalization play important role in Cd tolerance. In the presence of increasing Cd concentrations in silkworm food, detoxification mechanisms (excretion and homeostasis) were activated so that excess Cd was excreted in fecal balls, and metallothionein levels in the mid-gut, the posterior of the silk gland, and the fat body of silkworms were enhanced. And, the Cd concentrations in silk are at a low level, ranging from 0.02 to 0.21 mg kg(-1). Therefore, these mechanisms of detoxification can regulate Cd trophic transfer, and mulberry planting and silkworm breeding has high phytoremediation potential for Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, College of Chemistry and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shuifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
- Analytical Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Rabęda I, Bilski H, Mellerowicz EJ, Napieralska A, Suski S, Woźny A, Krzesłowska M. Colocalization of low-methylesterified pectins and Pb deposits in the apoplast of aspen roots exposed to lead. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 205:315-26. [PMID: 26123720 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-methylesterified homogalacturonans have been suggested to play a role in the binding and immobilization of Pb in CW. Using root apices of hybrid aspen, a plant with a high phytoremediation potential, as a model, we demonstrated that the in situ distribution pattern of low-methylesterified homogalacturonan, pectin epitope (JIM5-P), reflects the pattern of Pb occurrence. The region which indicated high JIM5-P level corresponded with "Pb accumulation zone". Moreover, JIM5-P was especially abundant in cell junctions, CWs lining the intercellular spaces and the corners of intercellular spaces indicating the highest accumulation of Pb. Furthermore, JIM5-P and Pb commonly co-localized. The observations indicate that low-methylesterified homogalacturonan is the CW polymer that determines the capacity of CW for Pb sequestration. Our results suggest a promising directions for CW modification for enhancing the efficiency of plant roots in Pb accumulation, an important aspect in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with trace metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Rabęda
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Henryk Bilski
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur Street 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewa J Mellerowicz
- Umea Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden
| | - Anna Napieralska
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon Suski
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteur Street 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Adam Woźny
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krzesłowska
- Laboratory of General Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Yang B, Zhou M, Zhou LL, Xue ND, Zhang SL, Lan CY. Variability of cadmium, lead, and zinc tolerance and accumulation among and between germplasms of the fiber crop Boehmeria nivea with different root-types. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:13960-13969. [PMID: 25948381 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Crop germplasms substantially vary in their tolerance for and accumulation of heavy metals, and assessment of this variability plays a significant role in selecting species to use in phytoremediation projects. Here, we examined germplasm-variations in cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) tolerance and accumulation in ramie (Boehmeria nivea), a fiber crop native to China, which has received little attention. In an 8-week greenhouse test, fourteen germplasms of ramie, among and within deep, middle, and shallow rooted-types, were compared for growth and metal accumulation traits. Results showed that both tolerance and accumulation traits varied across germplasms and rooted-types. The deep rooted-type germplasms produced more biomass and had higher tolerance to metals than the two others. In addition, considerable variations in metal accumulation were observed among plant organs (root, stem, and leaf), rooted-types, germplasms, and metal supply. However, the observed variations in metal tolerance and accumulation among both germplasms and rooted-types were not significant in most cases. In addition to supporting the idea of a certain degree of constitutional metal tolerance for ramie, our results also contribute to deep-rooted germplasms of ramie as a good candidate, rather than middle-/shallow- ones as a least-bad option, for the remediation of multi metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China,
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Cundy A, Bardos P, Puschenreiter M, Witters N, Mench M, Bert V, Friesl-Hanl W, Müller I, Weyens N, Vangronsveld J. Developing Effective Decision Support for the Application of “Gentle” Remediation Options: The GREENLAND Project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.21435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Rhizosphere Ecology and Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
| | - Nele Witters
- Environmental Economics Research Group at the Centre for Environmental Sciences at Hasselt University
| | | | | | | | - Ingo Müller
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Germany
| | - Nele Weyens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences at Hasselt University
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Wu F, Deng D, Wu S, Lin X, Wong MH. Arsenic tolerance, uptake, and accumulation by nonmetallicolous and metallicolous populations of Pteris vittata L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:8911-8918. [PMID: 23494681 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Although it is known that the first As hyperaccumulator identified, Pteris vittata L., could exist in As-contaminated as well as uncontaminated soils, intra-specific variation in As accumulation among metallicolous (from As-contaminated soils) and nonmetallicolous populations (from uncontaminated soils) of P. vittata has not been fully explored. Variations in As concentrations of fronds were observed in three nonmetallicolous populations and four metallicolous populations of P. vittata collected from southeast China. The kinetics study showed that the concentration-dependent influx of arsenate and arsenite observed followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and that the average V max for arsenate and arsenite was apparently larger in the three nonmetallicolous populations than that in the three metallicolous populations. The pot trials indicated that the nonmetallicolous populations had significantly (p < 0.05) higher frond biomass, about 1.5-1.9-folds, when compared with the metallicolous populations in 250 and 500 mg As kg(-1) soil treatments. The pot trials also demonstrated that the nonmetallicolous population of P. vittata had a significantly higher accumulation and translocation capacity for As. The present study suggests that As removal by P. vittata can be greatly enhanced by the judicious selection of the appropriate populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyong Wu
- Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, People's Republic of China
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Laidlaw WS, Baker AJM, Gregory D, Arndt SK. Irrigation water quality influences heavy metal uptake by willows in biosolids. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 155:31-9. [PMID: 25770960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction is an effective method to remediate heavy metal contaminated landscapes but is often applied for single metal contaminants. Plants used for phytoextraction may not always be able to grow in drier environments without irrigation. This study investigated if willows (Salix x reichardtii A. Kerner) can be used for phytoextraction of multiple metals in biosolids, an end-product of the wastewater treatment process, and if irrigation with reclaimed and freshwater influences the extraction process. A plantation of willows was established directly onto a tilled stockpile of metal-contaminated biosolids and irrigated with slightly saline reclaimed water (EC ∼2 dS/cm) at a wastewater processing plant in Victoria, Australia. Biomass was harvested annually and analysed for heavy metal content. Phytoextraction of cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc was benchmarked against freshwater irrigated willows. The minimum irrigation rate of 700 mm per growing season was sufficient for willows to grow and extract metals. Increasing irrigation rates produced no differences in total biomass and also no differences in the extraction of heavy metals. The reclaimed water reduced both the salinity and the acidity of the biosolids significantly within the first 12 months after irrigation commenced and after three seasons the salinity of the biosolids had dropped to <15% of initial values. A flushing treatment to remove excess salts was therefore not necessary. Irrigation had an impact on biosolids attributes such as salinity and pH, and that this had an influence on metal extraction. Reclaimed water irrigation reduced the biosolid pH and this was associated with reductions of the extraction of Ni and Zn, it did not influence the extraction of Cu and enhanced the phytoextraction of Cd, which was probably related to the high chloride content of the reclaimed water. Our results demonstrate that flood-irrigation with reclaimed water was a successful treatment to grow willows in a dry climate. However, the reclaimed water can also change biosolids properties, which will influence the effectiveness of willows to extract different metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Scott Laidlaw
- School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alan J M Baker
- School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David Gregory
- Technology and Marine Research, Melbourne Water, 990 Latrobe Street, Docklands, Victoria 3008, Australia
| | - Stefan K Arndt
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Victoria 3121, Australia; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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41
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Marrugo-Negrete J, Durango-Hernández J, Pinedo-Hernández J, Olivero-Verbel J, Díez S. Phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soils by Jatropha curcas. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 127:58-63. [PMID: 25655698 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas plants species were tested to evaluate their phytoremediation capacity in soils contaminated by different levels of mercury. The experimental treatments consisted of four levels of mercury concentrations in the soil - T0, T1, T5, and T10 (0, 1, 5, and 10 μg Hg per g soil, respectively). The total mercury content absorbed by the different plant tissues (roots, stems and leaves) was determined during four months of exposure. The growth behavior, mercury accumulation, translocation (TF) and bioconcentration (BCF) factors were determined. The different tissues in J. curcas can be classified in order of decreasing accumulation Hg as follows: roots>leaves>stems. The highest cumulative absorption of the metal occurred between the second and third month of exposure. Maximum TF was detected during the second month and ranged from 0.79 to 1.04 for the different mercury concentrations. Values of BCF ranged from 0.21 to 1.43. Soils with T1 showed significantly higher BCF (1.43) followed by T10 (1.32) and T5 (0.91), all of them at the fourth month. On the other hand TFs were low (range 0.10-0.26) at the en of the experiment. The maximum reduction of biomass (16.3%) occurred for T10 (10 μg Hg g(-1)). In sum, J. curcas species showed high BCFs and low TFs, and their use could be a promising approach to remediating mercury-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marrugo-Negrete
- Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Montería, Colombia.
| | - José Durango-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Montería, Colombia
| | - José Pinedo-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Montería, Colombia
| | - Jesús Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, University of Cartagena, Campus of Zaragocilla, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC Barcelona, Spain.
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Losfeld G, Mathieu R, L'Huillier L, Fogliani B, Jaffré T, Grison C. Phytoextraction from mine spoils: insights from New Caledonia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:5608-5619. [PMID: 25427895 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Increasing pressure on mineral resources has drawn research efforts into innovative supply and recycling. Metal-rich biomass produced in phytoextraction recently proved an interesting starting material for green chemistry. It allows the production of new catalysts, referred to as ecocatalysts. Ecocatalysts provide increased yields in chemical production and increased regio- and chemo-selectivity, which result in high added value. This new approach to using metal-rich biomass could spur the development of phytoextraction, a technique considered promising for long, yet without credible economic outlets. In this regard, metallophyte biodiversity hotspots, such as New Caledonia, are of particular interest for biomass supply. Potential phytoextraction from mine spoils using two species endemic to New Caledonia is discussed here. Geissois pruinosa, a hypernickelophore, and Grevillea exul, a Mn accumulator, were selected for these original experiments. The results presented here 20 months after plantation of young trees from a nursery show the interest of the approach. Mean Ni concentrations of up to 1513 mg kg(-1) are reported in G. pruinosa, as well as 2000 mg kg(-1) Mn in G. exul. Concentrations of Ni and Mn in the leaves of each species appear to be correlated with leaf age. Plantation of these species may also ensure mine reclamation, and experiments were conducted with the principles of ecological restoration in mind adding a further dimension to the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Losfeld
- FRE 3673-Bioinspired chemistry and ecological innovation-CNRS, University of Montpellier 2, Stratoz-Cap Alpha, Avenue de l'Europe, 34830, Clapiers, France
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Phieler R, Voit A, Kothe E. Microbially supported phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils: strategies and applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 141:211-35. [PMID: 23719709 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of soil as a result of, for example, mining operations, evokes worldwide concern. The use of selected metal-accumulating plants to clean up heavy metal contaminated sites represents a sustainable and inexpensive method for remediation approaches and, at the same time, avoids destruction of soil function. Within this scenario, phytoremediation is the use of plants (directly or indirectly) to reduce the risks of contaminants in soil to the environment and human health. Microbially assisted bioremediation strategies, such as phytoextraction or phytostabilization, may increase the beneficial aspects and can be viewed as potentially useful methods for application in remediation of low and heterogeneously contaminated soil. The plant-microbe interactions in phytoremediation strategies include mutually beneficial symbiotic associations such as mycorrhiza, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), or endophytic bacteria that are discussed with respect to their impact on phytoremediation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Phieler
- Institute of Microbiology-Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
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Huguenot D, Bois P, Cornu JY, Jezequel K, Lollier M, Lebeau T. Remediation of sediment and water contaminated by copper in small-scaled constructed wetlands: effect of bioaugmentation and phytoextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:721-732. [PMID: 25106519 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of plants and microorganisms to mitigate sediment contaminated by copper was studied in microcosms that mimic the functioning of a stormwater basin (SWB) connected to vineyard watershed. The impact of phytoremediation and bioaugmentation with siderophore-producing bacteria on the fate of Cu was studied in two contrasted (batch vs. semi-continuous) hydraulic regimes. The fate of copper was characterised following its discharge at the outlet of the microcosms, its pore water concentration in the sediment, the assessment of its bioaccessible fraction in the rhizosphere and the measurement of its content in plant tissues. Physico-chemical (pH, redox potential) and biological parameters (total heterotrophic bacteria) were also monitored. As expected, the results showed a clear impact of the hydraulic regime on the redox potential and thus on the pore water concentration of Cu. Copper in pore water was also dependent on the frequency of Cu-polluted water discharges. Repeated bioaugmentation increased the total heterotrophic microflora as well as the Cu bioaccessibility in the rhizosphere and increased the amount of Cu extracted by Phragmites australis by a factor of ~2. Sugar beet pulp, used as a filter to avoid copper flushing, retained 20% of outcoming Cu and led to an overall retention of Cu higher than 94% when arranged at the outlet of microcosms. Bioaugmentation clearly improved the phytoextraction rate of Cu in a small-scaled SWB designed to mimic the functioning of a full-size SWB connected to vineyard watershed. Highlights: Cu phytoextraction in constructed wetlands much depends on the hydraulic regime and on the frequency of Cu-polluted water discharges. Cu phytoextraction increases with time and plant density. Cu bioaccessibility can be increased by bioaugmentation with siderophore-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Huguenot
- Equipe Dépollution Biologique des Sols, Université de Haute Alsace, EA 3991 LVBE (Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologies et Environnement), 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50568 68008, Colmar, France,
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Mazumdar K, Das S. Phytoremediation of Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mg with 25 wetland plant species from a paper mill contaminated site in North East India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:701-10. [PMID: 25103945 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the potential of wetland plants to remediate metals from a paper mill effluent contaminated wetland site in Northeast India, 25 abundant plant species belonging to 15 different families, soil, and water samples from the sites were tested for Pb, Zn, Mg, and Fe by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that metal accumulation by wetland plants differed among species and tissues. Plants thrived in high Pb, Zn, Mg, and Fe which indicated their tolerance. According to the criteria used for selecting plants for phytoremediation such as high metal tolerance, short life cycle, wide distribution, large shoot biomass and translocation factor (TF) >1; five species each were Mg and Fe accumulators, nine species were Pb accumulators and, eight species were Zn accumulators and the rest were excluders. Alternanthera sessilis was the only plant species that had TF > 1 for all the four metals. The study indicated great promise for phytoremediation, as these accumulators could be used in future for practical phytoremediation approaches and reduction of the risk from harmful metals to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisholay Mazumdar
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bio Informatics, Assam University, Silchar, India, 788011
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Kidd P, Mench M, Álvarez-López V, Bert V, Dimitriou I, Friesl-Hanl W, Herzig R, Janssen JO, Kolbas A, Müller I, Neu S, Renella G, Ruttens A, Vangronsveld J, Puschenreiter M. Agronomic Practices for Improving Gentle Remediation of Trace Element-Contaminated Soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:1005-1037. [PMID: 25581041 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2014.1003788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The last few decades have seen the rise of Gentle soil Remediation Options (GRO), which notably include in situ contaminant stabilization ("inactivation") and plant-based (generally termed "phytoremediation") options. For trace element (TE)-contaminated sites, GRO aim to either decrease their labile pool and/or total content in the soil, thereby reducing related pollutant linkages. Much research has been dedicated to the screening and selection of TE-tolerant plant species and genotypes for application in GRO. However, the number of field trials demonstrating successful GRO remains well below the number of studies carried out at a greenhouse level. The move from greenhouse to field conditions requires incorporating agronomical knowledge into the remediation process and the ecological restoration of ecosystem services. This review summarizes agronomic practices against their demonstrated or potential positive effect on GRO performance, including plant selection, soil management practices, crop rotation, short rotation coppice, intercropping/row cropping, planting methods and plant densities, harvest and fertilization management, pest and weed control and irrigation management. Potentially negative effects of GRO, e.g., the introduction of potentially invasive species, are also discussed. Lessons learnt from long-term European field case sites are given for aiding the choice of appropriate management practices and plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kidd
- a Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Michel Mench
- b INRA, UMR BIOGECO, Cestas , France; University of Bordeaux, UMR BIOGECO , Pessac , France , France
| | - Vanessa Álvarez-López
- a Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Valérie Bert
- c INERIS, Technologies and Sustainable and Clean Processes , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - Ioannis Dimitriou
- d Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences , Department of Crop Production Ecology , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Friesl-Hanl
- e AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Health and Environment Department , Tulln , Austria
| | - Rolf Herzig
- f Phytotech Foundation (PT-F), and AGB-Bioindikation , Umweltbeobachtung und oekologische Planung Quartiergasse , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jolien Olga Janssen
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Aliaksandr Kolbas
- b INRA, UMR BIOGECO, Cestas , France; University of Bordeaux, UMR BIOGECO , Pessac , France , France
- h Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin , Brest , Belarus
| | - Ingo Müller
- i Saxon State Office for Environment , Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - Silke Neu
- i Saxon State Office for Environment , Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- j University of Florence , Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences , Florence , Italy
| | - Ann Ruttens
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- k University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna - BOKU , Department of Forest and Soil Sciences , Tulln , Austria
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Stephenson C, Black CR. One step forward, two steps back: the evolution of phytoremediation into commercial technologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/biohorizons/hzu009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Colzi I, Rocchi S, Rangoni M, Del Bubba M, Gonnelli C. Specificity of metal tolerance and use of excluder metallophytes for the phytostabilization of metal polluted soils: the case of Silene paradoxa L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:10960-10969. [PMID: 24888612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work was planned for providing useful information about the use of excluder metallophytes for phytostabilization of soils contaminated also with elements scarcely represented in the metalliferous environment of origin. To this aim, we investigated tolerance and accumulation of several different elements in a metallicolous and a nonmetallicolous population of Silene paradoxa through a hydroponic experiment. S. paradoxa metallicolous population showed increased tolerance not only to all the metals highly represented in the environment of origin but also to some of those scarcely present. Therefore, our results deposed in favor of the occurrence of the co-tolerance phenomenon in S. paradoxa for some elements. Metal accumulation was higher in the roots than in the shoots and lower in the metallicolous population than in the nonmetallicolous one, thus showing tolerance mechanisms to be based largely on metal exclusion. Anyway, the relative contribution of avoidance and of internal tolerance to metal tolerance was shown to be element-dependent. Present data revealed that metallicolous plants can effectively posses metal co-tolerances, which deserve to be investigated; as such, plants can actually represent a precious and exploitable tool also for the phytostabilization of soils contaminated with elements underrepresented in the environment of their origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Colzi
- Department of Biology, Università di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121, Florence, Italy,
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Amoakwah E, Van Slycken S, Essumang DK. Comparison of the solubilizing efficiencies of some pH lowering (sulphur and (NH4)2SO4) amendments on Cd and Zn mobility in soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 93:187-191. [PMID: 24957794 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of conventional methods to clean up the soil is very expensive and destructive to the ecosystem. The concept of phytoextraction has been introduced to safely manage soils contaminated with heavy metals. However, using plants to remediate polluted soils is a lengthy process. This has necessitated the use of amendments to potentially enhance solubilization of metals in order to increase their bioavailability in the soil solution. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of some selected pH lowering amendments [elemental sulphur and (NH4)2SO4] on the solubility and availability of Cd and Zn. The application of these amendments resulted in a decrease in the pH of the soil. The decrease in pH significantly enhanced the solubilization and the mobility of Cd and Zn into the soil solution. The CaCl2 extraction protocol was employed to study the effects of the various amendments on the mobility of Cd and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Amoakwah
- Soil Research Institute, Academy Post Office, Kwadaso-Kumasi, Ghana,
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Krzciuk K, Gałuszka A. Prospecting for hyperaccumulators of trace elements: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2014; 35:522-32. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.922525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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