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Xiang H, Tong Y, Zhu F, Jiang J, Chen W. Interactions between organic matter and alkaline minerals in bauxite residue: implication for soil restoration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:43174-43185. [PMID: 38896218 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Ecological restoration of bauxite residue has received extensive attention, and organic matter plays a crucial role in the soil formation process of bauxite residue. However, the interaction between organic matter and alkaline minerals in bauxite residue is not well understood. In this work, molecular spectroscopic techniques combined with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) were employed to investigate the interactions between humic acid (HA) and four representative alkaline minerals in bauxite residue (calcite, garnet, sodalite, and cancrinite). The results show that the adsorption processes of HA onto calcite and garnet were primarily governed by monolayer surface adsorption and controlled by surface reactions, which were different for sodalite and cancrinite. Both garnet and cancrinite had strong binding affinities with fluorescent HA, while cancrinite only bound with a small fraction of HA. In contrast, the bindings of calcite and sodalite with fluorescent HA were weak. The ITC results indicate distinct thermodynamic properties of different alkaline minerals in the interaction with HA. The molar enthalpy of calcite was - 45.88 kJ/mol, which was much higher than those of garnet, sodalite, and cancrinite, suggesting that calcite exhibited a relatively uniform interaction mechanism with HA dominated by enthalpy change, while the others showed heterogeneous entropy-driven mechanisms. The findings contribute to a better understanding on the microscale connections between organic matter and alkaline minerals in bauxite residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Xiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yang Tong
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Niu A, Lin C. Trends in research on characterization, treatment and valorization of hazardous red mud: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119660. [PMID: 38043310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Meta-analysis of red mud-related literature in English published from 1976 to 2022 and in Chinese from 1990 to 2022 was performed to support critical analysis and evaluation of the available literature based on the following aspects of red mud research: (a) characterization, (b) treatment for harmfulness minimization, (c) recovery of valuable metals, (d) environmental applications, and (e) uses as construction materials. It was found that (a) sinter red mud tended to contain more silica and calcium, and less iron, sodium and aluminium compared to Bayer red mud; (b) gypsum was the most frequently used agent for harmfulness reduction treatment of red mud, followed by flue gas/CO2; (c) the mean optimal pH for adsorption of major anionic pollutants was 8.42 ± 1.13 (arsenite), 3.73 ± 0.68 (arsenate), 3.50 ± 2.38 (phosphate), 4.43 ± 1.04 (fluoride) and 3.80 ± 1.54 (chromate); (d) wastewater treatment has attracted more attention compared to contaminated soils and waste gases; (e) recovery of iron and scandium has attracted more attention compared to other metals; (f) cement making has been the focus in construction uses. Most of the research findings were based on laboratory-scale experiments that focused on efficacy rather than efficiency. There was a lack of integrated approaches for research in red mud valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Niu
- International Envirotech Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China; School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chuxia Lin
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia.
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Liu GH, Narsing Rao MP, Chen QQ, Che JM, Shi H, Liu B, Li WJ. Evansella halocellulosilytica sp. nov., an alkali-halotolerant and cellulose-dissolving bacterium isolated from bauxite residue. Extremophiles 2022; 26:19. [PMID: 35661272 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-022-01267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An alkali and salt-tolerating strain FJAT-44876T was isolated from the bauxite residue sample. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis suggest that strain FJAT-44876T was a member of the genus Evansella. It grew at 15-45 ℃ (optimum 20-25 ℃) and pH 6.5-11.0 (optimum pH 8.0-9.0) with 0-20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 6-8%). The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, iso-C17:0, and C16:0. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 as the menaquinone. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.2%. The average nucleotide identity values between strain FJAT-44876T and closely related members were below the cutoff level for species delineation. Thus, based on the above results, strain FJAT-44876T represents a novel species of the genus Evansella, for which the name Evansella halocellulosilytica sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is FJAT-44876T (=CCTCC AB 2016264T = DSM 104633T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hong Liu
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Chen
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Mei Che
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai Shi
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Dong M, Shao Y, Xu Z, Liu X, Xu Y, Hu X, Niu X, Liu A. Resilience of fungal flora in bauxite residues amended with organic matter and vermiculite/fly ash. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 284:112052. [PMID: 33540194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fungal community and soil geochemical, physical and biological parameters were analyzed, respectively, in bauxite residues (BRs) treated with organic matter and vermiculite/fly ash by phylogenetic analysis of ITS-18 S rRNA, community level physiological profiles (CLPP) and so on. The results indicated that after amendment of the BR, microbial utilization of carbohydrates and their enzyme activities were significantly increased, but fungal compositions at the phylum level were similar and dominated by the phylum of Ascomycota (82.05-98.96%, RA: relative abundance) after one year of incubation. The fungal taxa in the amended BR treatments, however, show significantly less alpha and beta diversity compared with the reference soils, although they still harbor a substantial novel taxon. The combined amendment of organic matter (OM) and vermiculite/fly ash significantly increases the fungal taxa at the genus and species level compared with solely OM amendment. The results of the following canonical correspondence analysis found that, over 90% variation of the fungal community could be explained by pH, OM and mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates; but the biological indicators, including urease (UR), dehydrogenase (DHA) and the value of average well color development (AWCD) could explain only 50% variation of the fungal flora in BRs. This paper indicated that resilience of fungal community in BRs was positively correlated with the BRs' improvement in fertility as well as biogeochemical properties, but alkalinity must be firstly decreased to the target level of BRs' rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Dong
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yifei Shao
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Ziwen Xu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Xijuan Liu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Xinxin Hu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Aiju Liu
- Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, China.
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Lyu F, Hu Y, Wang L, Sun W. Dealkalization processes of bauxite residue: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123671. [PMID: 33264875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bauxite residue is a kind of strong alkaline waste produced in the production of alumina. Its long-term storage poses a potential threat to the environment. With the tightening of environment policies in various countries, the strong alkalinity of bauxite residue has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of aluminum industry all over the world. This review covers the composition characteristics of bauxite residue, and describes the Bayer process in detail, where emphasis is put on the formation of alkaline substances in bauxite residue and its release process in long-term storage. This review focuses on several typical processes for the management of bauxite residue alkalinity in recent decades around the world. The phase transformation mechanisms, merits and limitations, as well as application status are discussed. The potential application values of these typical methods are evaluated based on process characteristics. The large amount and varied characteristics of bauxite residue determine that it is unrealistic to solve the dealkalization problem of all bauxite residue with one method. It is recommended that the appropriate dealkalization process of bauxite residue should be selected according to the characteristics of bauxite residue and regional resources, as well as the planning of subsequent application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lyu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuehua Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Wu C, Li C, Jiang J, Hartley W, Kong X, Wu Y, Xue S. Revealing the alkaline characteristic evolution of bauxite residue under biomass fermentation. JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 2020; 20:3083-3090. [DOI: 10.1007/s11368-019-02482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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Cheng Q, Xue R, Wu H, Hartley W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Xue S. Ecological Stoichiometry of Microbial Biomass Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Bauxite Residue Disposal Areas. GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 37:467-474. [DOI: 10.1080/01490451.2020.1722768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Cheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xue
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - William Hartley
- Crop and Environment Sciences Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Lean Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Pankaj U, Singh DN, Singh G, Verma RK. Microbial Inoculants Assisted Growth of Chrysopogon zizanioides Promotes Phytoremediation of Salt Affected Soil. Indian J Microbiol 2019; 59:137-146. [PMID: 31031427 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-018-00776-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoration of salt-affected soil through cultivation Chrysopogon zizanioides is a promising approach. The two way benefit of such an approach is that reclamation of salt-affected soil concomitant to improve plant growth and increased yield of essential oil produced in the plants roots. Earlier studies showed physiological changes and reduced growth of C. zizanioides under salinity. In the present study, plant growth promoting microorganisms viz. Pseudomonas monteilii, Bacillus megaterium, Azotobacter chroococcum and Rhizophagus intraradices were used as bio-inoculants for cultivation of C. zizanioides under salt-affected soil. Bio-inoculants in combination with vermicompost significantly increased the growth and productivity of C. zizanioides under salt-affected soil, and simultaneously improved soil health. When compared to control, the soil physico-chemical and biological properties of bio-inoculants treated plants was significantly improved. The reclamation of salt-affected soil was evident by the significant decrease in the level of soil pH (11.0%), electrical conductivity (23.5%), sodium adsorption ratio (15.3%), and exchangeable sodium percent (12.4%) of bio-inoculants treated plants. The improvement of soil cation exchange capacity indicated the decrease in soil salinity. Whereas increase in the microbial count (four-fold), AMF spores (447 spores), dehydrogenase (six-fold), acid (two-fold) and alkaline phosphatase (five-fold) activities in rhizosphere soil of bio-inoculant treated plants indicated the improved biological properties. A positive correlation of plant biomass production to soil organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, available phosphorus and cation exchange capacity depicted improved nutrients content in rhizosphere soil of bio-inoculant treated plants. The findings of this study suggest that P. monteilii and R. intraradices with vermicompost can be effectively used as bio-inoculants for encouragement of phytoremediation in salt-affected soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Pankaj
- 1Department of Soil Science, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | - Durgesh Narain Singh
- 2Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | - Geetu Singh
- 1Department of Soil Science, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Verma
- 1Department of Soil Science, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015 India
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Anam GB, Reddy MS, Ahn YH. Characterization of Trichoderma asperellum RM-28 for its sodic/saline-alkali tolerance and plant growth promoting activities to alleviate toxicity of red mud. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:462-469. [PMID: 30695746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Red mud (RM) is a highly alkaline, saline and sodic solid by-product released by alumina industries, which pose an economical and environmental problem and establishment of vegetation on these sites is a big challenge. In the present study, a fungus RM-28 exhibiting high tolerance to alkaline (pH 12), saline/sodic (NaCl 4%) was isolated from RM flooded rhizosphere soil of bermudagrass and tested its ability to reduce RM toxicity and promote the growth of sorghum-sudangrass seedlings. This fungus also exhibited high tolerance to heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) and desirable plant growth-promoting traits. This fungus was identified as Trichoderma asperellum based on its internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA and translation elongation factor-1α (TEF 1α) gene analysis. This fungus was effective in reducing the pH and solubilizing tricalcium phosphate under high alkaline and saline conditions in vitro. Further, RM-28 inoculation significantly lowered the pH and EC of the red mud from 11.8 to 8.2 and 2.23 to 1.42, respectively. Inoculation of RM-28 significantly improved the growth, chlorophyll content and reduced the oxidative stress of sorghum-sudangrass seedlings grown in red mud leachate. These observations suggest that T. asperellum RM-28 serves as potential source for the establishment of vegetation on red mud/red mud contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giridhar Babu Anam
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - M Sudhakara Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Zhan F, Li B, Jiang M, Li T, He Y, Li Y, Wang Y. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and heavy metal accumulation of bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] grown in a lead-zinc mine wasteland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:849-856. [PMID: 30994000 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1577353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the potential influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Funneliformis mosseae and Diversispora spurcum, on the growth and nutrient (P and S) and heavy metal (HMs) (Pb, Zn, and Cd) content of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] in a lead-zinc mine wasteland. The D. spurcum inoculation significantly increased the bermudagrass growth, whereas the F. mosseae inoculation did not. The AMF inoculation significantly increased the soil pH and uptake of P, S, and HMs by bermudagrass, decreased the contents of available Pb and Zn in soils and Pb in shoots, reduced the translocation factor (TF) and translocation capacity factor (TF') of Pb and Cd in bermudagrass and increased the TF and TF' of Zn in bermudagrass. A significant negative correlation was found between pH and available HMs in soil, whereas a significant positive correlation was noted between the HMs content and nutrient content in bermudagrass shoots. Experiment results provide evidence of the potential role of AMF in improving bermudagrass performance for the vegetation restoration of metalliferous mine wastelands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangdong Zhan
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Bo Li
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Ming Jiang
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Tianguo Li
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Yongmei He
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Yuan Li
- a College of Resources and Environment , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming , China
| | - Youshan Wang
- b Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources , Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences , Beijing , China
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Mishra T, Singh NB, Singh N. Restoration of red mud deposits by naturally growing vegetation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:439-445. [PMID: 27739871 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1244162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of red mud (RM) poses serious environmental problems such as wind erosion, air and water pollution. To overcome these problems, effective restoration of the disposal land through naturally growing vegetation is a sustainable and economical approach. The present study involved estimation of frequency (F), density (D), abundance (Ab), and important value index (IVI) of natural flora on abandoned RM sites in order to assess their metal toxicity tolerance capacity. Based on visual observations and highest IVI, S. Asper and S. punicea were identified as effective ecological tools for the restoration of barren RM sites. From the study, remarkable differences were observed between non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric RM of both species. These rhizospheric RM analyses confirm the ability of S. asper and S. punicea for enhancing the biological activities of abandoned RM. Translocation factor (TF) of iron was maximum (2.58) in S. asper, and bioconcentration factor (BCF) was found maximum (1.25) in S. punicea, but both TF (2.58) and BCF (1.35) were high in S. asper. Therefore, this plant could be reported as an iron hyperaccumulator plant. These results suggest that these plant species can be exploited for effective restoration of RM deposited land without any inputs or maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Mishra
- a Eco-auditing Group, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
- b Department of Civil Engineering , Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - N B Singh
- b Department of Civil Engineering , Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Nandita Singh
- a Eco-auditing Group, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Kong X, Li M, Xue S, Hartley W, Chen C, Wu C, Li X, Li Y. Acid transformation of bauxite residue: Conversion of its alkaline characteristics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:382-390. [PMID: 27838072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bauxite residue (BR) is a highly alkaline solid hazardous waste produced from bauxite processing for alumina production. Alkaline transformation appears to reduce the environmental risk of bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDAs) whilst potentially providing opportunities for the sustainable reuse and on-going management of BR. Mineral acids, a novel citric acid and a hybrid combination of acid-gypsum treatments were investigated for their potential to reduce residue pH and total alkalinity and transform the alkaline mineral phase. XRD results revealed that with the exception of andradite, the primary alkaline solid phases of cancrinite, grossular and calcite were transformed into discriminative products based on the transformation used. Supernatants separated from BR and transformed bauxite residue (TBR) displayed distinct changes in soluble Na, Ca and Al, and a reduction in pH and total alkalinity. SEM images suggest that mineral acid transformations promote macro-aggregate formation, and the positive promotion of citric acid, confirming the removal or reduction in soluble and exchangeable Na. NEXAFS analysis of Na K-edge revealed that the chemical speciation of Na in TBRs was consistent with BR. Three acid treatments and gypsum combination had no effect on Na speciation, which affects the distribution of Na revealed by sodium STXM imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Kong
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China.
| | - William Hartley
- Crop and Environment Sciences Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, United Kingdom
| | - Chengrong Chen
- Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Qld 4111, Australia
| | - Chuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Yiwei Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
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Kong X, Guo Y, Xue S, Hartley W, Wu C, Ye Y, Cheng Q. Natural evolution of alkaline characteristics in bauxite residue. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2017; 143:224-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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Santini TC, Kerr JL, Warren LA. Microbially-driven strategies for bioremediation of bauxite residue. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 293:131-157. [PMID: 25867516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Globally, 3 Gt of bauxite residue is currently in storage, with an additional 120 Mt generated every year. Bauxite residue is an alkaline, saline, sodic, massive, and fine grained material with little organic carbon or plant nutrients. To date, remediation of bauxite residue has focused on the use of chemical and physical amendments to address high pH, high salinity, and poor drainage and aeration. No studies to date have evaluated the potential for microbial communities to contribute to remediation as part of a combined approach integrating chemical, physical, and biological amendments. This review considers natural alkaline, saline environments that present similar challenges for microbial survival and evaluates candidate microorganisms that are both adapted for survival in these environments and have the capacity to carry out beneficial metabolisms in bauxite residue. Fermentation, sulfur oxidation, and extracellular polymeric substance production emerge as promising pathways for bioremediation whether employed individually or in combination. A combination of bioaugmentation (addition of inocula from other alkaline, saline environments) and biostimulation (addition of nutrients to promote microbial growth and activity) of the native community in bauxite residue is recommended as the approach most likely to be successful in promoting bioremediation of bauxite residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talitha C Santini
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sir James Foots Building, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Geography, Planning, and Environmental Management, Steele Building, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Janice L Kerr
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sir James Foots Building, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lesley A Warren
- School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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15
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Courtney R, Harris JA, Pawlett M. Microbial Community Composition in a Rehabilitated Bauxite Residue Disposal Area: A Case Study for Improving Microbial Community Composition. Restor Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Courtney
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
| | - Jim A. Harris
- School of Applied Sciences; Cranfield University; Bedfordshire MK43 0AL U.K
| | - Mark Pawlett
- School of Applied Sciences; Cranfield University; Bedfordshire MK43 0AL U.K
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16
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Krishna P, Babu AG, Reddy MS. Bacterial diversity of extremely alkaline bauxite residue site of alumina industrial plant using culturable bacteria and residue 16S rRNA gene clones. Extremophiles 2014; 18:665-76. [PMID: 24817611 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-014-0647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bauxite residue (red mud), generated during the extraction of alumina from bauxite ore is characterized by high pH, high concentrations of soluble ions with low or virtually no organic matter. These extreme conditions along with numerous nutrient deficiencies, limit the microbial growth and vegetation establishment. In the present study, diversity of both cultivable and non-cultivable bacteria present in the red mud was investigated by 16S rDNA sequence analyses. The cultivable bacteria were identified as Agromyces indicus, Bacillus litoralis, B. anthracis, Chungangia koreensis, Kokuria flava, K. polaris, Microbacterium hominis, Planococcus plakortidis, Pseudomonas alcaliphila and Salinococcus roseus based on their 16S rDNA sequence analysis. These isolates were alkali tolerant, positive for one or more of the enzyme activities tested, able to produce organic acids and oxidize wide range of carbon substrates. For non-cultivable diversity of bacteria, DNA was extracted from the bauxite residue samples and 16S rDNA clone library was constructed. The 16S rDNA clones of this study showed affiliation to three major phyla predominant being betaproteobacteria (41.1%) followed by gammaproteobacteria (37.5%) and bacteroidetes (21.4%). We are reporting for the first time about the bacterial diversity of this unique and extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Krishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar University, Patiala, 147 004, India
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17
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Babu AG, Shea PJ, Oh BT. Trichoderma sp. PDR1-7 promotes Pinus sylvestris reforestation of lead-contaminated mine tailing sites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 476-477:561-567. [PMID: 24496029 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation is critical to stabilize and remediate mine tailing sites, but plant growth is often poor due to toxicity from heavy metal(loid)s (HMs). A non-symbiotic endophytic fungus, Trichoderma sp. PDR1-7, isolated from Pb-contaminated mine tailing soil, exhibited both high tolerance to HMs and desirable plant growth-promoting characteristics. PDR1-7 promoted HM solubilization in mine tailing soil and removed significant amounts of Pb and other HMs from liquid media containing single and multiple metals. Pb removal efficiency increased with initial pH from 4 to 6 and with Pb concentration from 100 to 125 mg L(-1). Inoculating soil with PDR1-7 significantly increased nutrient availability and seedling growth, chlorophyll and protein contents, as well as antioxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase) activity. A decrease in malondialdehyde indicated less oxidative stress. HM concentrations were much higher in Pinus sylvestris roots when PDR1-7 was present. These observations suggest the utility of Trichoderma sp. PDR1-7 for pine reforestation and phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated mine soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giridhar Babu
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Patrick J Shea
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0817, USA
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea.
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Arora A, Krishna P, Malik V, Reddy MS. Alkalistable xylanase production by alkalitolerantPaenibacillus montaniterraeRMV1 isolated from red mud. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 54:1023-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201300357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Arora
- Department of Biotechnology; Thapar University; Bhadson Road Patiala 147 004 Punjab India
| | - Pankaj Krishna
- Department of Biotechnology; Thapar University; Bhadson Road Patiala 147 004 Punjab India
| | - Vinita Malik
- Department of Biotechnology; Thapar University; Bhadson Road Patiala 147 004 Punjab India
| | - M. Sudhakara Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology; Thapar University; Bhadson Road Patiala 147 004 Punjab India
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